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4000 RBC Plaza, 60 South Sixth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota (Address of principal
executive offices)
55402 (Zip Code)
(612)
661-4000
(Registrant’s telephone
number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the
Act:
Title of Each Class
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value
Each class is registered on:
Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value
New York Stock Exchange
Preferred Share Purchase Rights
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the
Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known
seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities
Act. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file
reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the
Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has
filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or
15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past
90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers
pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K
is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best
of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or
information statements incorporated by reference in
Part III of this
Form 10-K
or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large
accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated
filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of
“large accelerated filer,”“accelerated
filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule
12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large
accelerated
filer þ
Accelerated
filer o
Non-accelerated
filer o
Smaller
reporting
company o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company
(as defined in
Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No þ
As of June 28, 2008, the aggregate market value of the
registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates (assuming
for the sole purpose of this calculation, that all directors and
officers of the registrant are “affiliates”) was
$1,152.4 million (based on the closing sale price of the
registrant’s common stock as reported on the New York Stock
Exchange). The number of shares of common stock outstanding at
that date was 127,270,334 shares.
The number of shares of common stock outstanding as of
February 27, 2009 was 125,519,755.
Certain information required by Part III of this document
is incorporated by reference to specified portions of the
registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the annual
meeting of shareholders to be held May 7, 2009.
On November 30, 2000, Whitman Corporation merged with
PepsiAmericas, Inc. (the “former PepsiAmericas”), and
in January 2001, the combined entity changed its name to
PepsiAmericas, Inc. (referred to as “PepsiAmericas,”“we,”“our” and “us”). We
manufacture, distribute and market a broad portfolio of beverage
products in the United States (“U.S.”), Central and
Eastern Europe (“CEE”) and the Caribbean, and have
expanded our distribution to include snack foods in certain
markets.
We sell a variety of brands that we bottle under licenses from
PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) or PepsiCo joint ventures,
which accounted for approximately 80 percent of our total
net sales in fiscal year 2008. We account for approximately
19 percent of all PepsiCo beverage products sold in the
U.S. In some territories, we manufacture, package, sell and
distribute products under brands licensed by companies other
than PepsiCo, and in some territories we distribute our own
brands, such as Sandora, Sadochok and Toma.
Our distribution channels for the retail sale of our products
include supermarkets, supercenters, club stores, mass
merchandisers, convenience stores, gas stations, small grocery
stores, dollar stores and drug stores. We also distribute our
products through various other channels, including restaurants
and cafeterias, vending machines and other formats that provide
for immediate consumption of our products. In fiscal year 2008,
our largest distribution channels were supercenters and
supermarkets, and our fastest growing channels were drug stores
and dollar stores.
We deliver our products through these channels primarily using a
direct store delivery system. In our territories, we are
responsible for selling products, providing timely service to
our existing customers, and identifying and obtaining new
customers. We are also responsible for local advertising and
marketing, as well as executing national and regional selling
programs created by brand owners in our territories. The
bottling business is capital intensive. Manufacturing operations
require specialized high-speed equipment, and distribution
requires investment in trucks and warehouse facilities as well
as extensive placement of fountain equipment, cold drink vending
machines and coolers.
Our annual, quarterly and current reports, and all amendments to
those reports, are included on our website at
www.pepsiamericas.com, and are made available, free of charge,
as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is
electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and
Exchange Commission. Our corporate governance guidelines, code
of conduct, code of ethics and key committee charters are
available on our website and in print upon written request to
PepsiAmericas, Inc., 4000 RBC Plaza, 60 South Sixth Street,
Minneapolis, Minnesota55402, Attention: Investor Relations.
Business
Segments
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations” in Item 7 and
Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for
additional information regarding business and operating results
of our geographic segments. See “Risk Factors” in
Item 1A for additional information regarding specific risks
in our international operations.
Relationship
with PepsiCo
PepsiCo beneficially owned approximately 43 percent of
PepsiAmericas’ outstanding common stock as of the end of
fiscal year 2008.
While we manage all phases of our operations, including pricing
of our products, PepsiAmericas and PepsiCo exchange production,
marketing and distribution information, which benefits both
companies’ respective efforts to lower costs, improve
quality and productivity and increase product sales. We have a
significant ongoing relationship with PepsiCo and have entered
into a number of significant transactions and
agreements with PepsiCo. We expect to enter into additional
transactions and agreements with PepsiCo in the future.
We purchase concentrates from PepsiCo, pay royalties related to
Aquafina products, and manufacture, package, sell and distribute
cola and non-cola beverages under various bottling agreements
with PepsiCo. These agreements give us the right to manufacture,
package, sell and distribute beverage products of PepsiCo in
both bottles and cans, as well as fountain syrup in specified
territories. These agreements provide PepsiCo with the ability
to set prices of concentrates, as well as the terms of payment
and other terms and conditions under which we purchase such
concentrates. See “Franchise Agreements” for
discussion of significant agreements. We also purchase finished
beverage and snack food products from PepsiCo, as well as
products from certain affiliates of PepsiCo.
Other significant transactions and agreements with PepsiCo
include arrangements for marketing, promotional and advertising
support; manufacturing services related to PepsiCo’s
national account customers; procurement of raw materials; and
the acquisition of Sandora (see “Related Party
Transactions” in Item 7 and Note 22 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion).
Products
and Packaging
Our portfolio of beverage products includes some of the
best-recognized trademarks in the world. Our three largest
brands in terms of volume are Pepsi, Mountain Dew
and Diet Pepsi. While the majority of our volume is
derived from brands licensed from PepsiCo and PepsiCo joint
ventures, we also sell and distribute brands licensed from
others, including Dr Pepper, 7UP and Crush,
as well as some of our own brands. Our top five beverage brands
in fiscal year 2008 by geographic segment are listed below:
U.S.
CEE
Caribbean
Pepsi
Pepsi
Pepsi
Mountain Dew
Sadochok
7UP
Diet Pepsi
Sandora
Desnoes and Geddes
Aquafina
Lipton Ice Tea
Diet Pepsi
Diet Mountain Dew
Toma Water
Tropicana
In addition to the beverage products described above, we
distribute snack food products in Trinidad and Tobago, the Czech
Republic, Hungary and Ukraine pursuant to a distribution
agreement with Frito-Lay, Inc., a subsidiary of PepsiCo.
Our beverages are available in different package types,
including but not limited to, aluminum cans, glass and
polyethylene terephthalate (“PET”) bottles, paperboard
cartons and
bag-in-box
packages for fountain use. The bottle and can packages are
available in both single-serve and multi-pack offerings.
Territories
We serve a significant portion of 19 states throughout the
central region of the U.S. Internationally, we serve
Central and Eastern European and Caribbean markets, including
Ukraine, Poland, Romania, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia,
Puerto Rico, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. We have
distribution rights and distribute in Moldova, Estonia, Latvia,
Lithuania, the Bahamas and Barbados. We have a 20 percent
equity interest in a joint venture that owns Agrima JSC
(“Agrima”), which produces, sells and distributes
PepsiCo products and other beverages in Bulgaria. We serve areas
with a total population of more than 200 million people in
these markets. In addition, through our joint venture investment
in Sandora LLC (“Sandora”), we sell Sandora-branded
products to third-party distributors in Belarus, Azerbaijan,
Russia and other countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia.
We also distribute Frito-Lay and Lipton products in Ukraine. In
fiscal year 2008, we derived 69 percent of our net sales
from U.S. operations and 31 percent of our net sales
from international operations (see Note 21 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion).
Our sales and marketing approach varies by region and channel to
respond to unique local competitive environments. In the U.S.,
channels with larger stores can accommodate a number of beverage
suppliers and, therefore, marketing efforts tend to focus on
increasing the amount of shelf space and the number of displays
in any given outlet. In locations where our products are
purchased for immediate consumption, marketing efforts are
aimed, not only at securing the account, but also on providing
equipment that facilitates the sale of cold beverages, such as
vending machines, coolers and fountain equipment.
Package mix is an important consideration in the development of
our marketing plans. Although some packages are more expensive
to produce and distribute, in certain channels those packages
may have higher average selling prices. For example, a packaged
product that is sold cold for immediate consumption generally
has better margins than a product that is sold to take home.
This cold drink channel includes vending machines and coolers.
We own a majority of the vending machines used to dispense our
products. We refurbish a majority of our existing cold drink
equipment in our refurbishment centers in the U.S. and
Puerto Rico for those respective markets. The refurbishment of
CEE equipment is performed by third-party vendors.
In the U.S., we distribute directly to a majority of customers
in our licensed territories through a direct store distribution
system. Our sales force is key to our selling efforts as it
continually interacts with our customers to promote and sell our
products. We operate a call center, Pepsi Connect, in Fargo,
North Dakota, to enable us to provide the level of service our
customers require in a manner that is cost effective. We utilize
Next Generation, a pre-sell system, that allows sales managers
to call accounts in advance to determine how much product and
promotional material to deliver. We have continued to address
internal capabilities and efficiencies throughout our
organization. In fiscal year 2007, we realigned our organization
in the U.S. from a sales organization based on geography to
one built around customer channels. This new structure enables
us to dedicate more resources and sales support to channels and
customers that are growing and helps us to align more directly
with the way our customers do business. We also have ongoing
supply chain initiatives, such as customer optimization to the
third power, or
CO3, that
streamline processes and allow us to quickly adapt to changing
markets.
In the U.S., the direct store distribution system is used for
all packaged goods and certain fountain accounts. We have the
exclusive right to sell and deliver fountain syrup to local
customers in our territories. We have a number of sales people
who are responsible for calling on prospective fountain
accounts, developing relationships, selling products and
interacting with customers on an ongoing basis. We also
manufacture and distribute fountain products and provide
fountain equipment service to PepsiCo customers in certain of
our territories in accordance with various agreements with
PepsiCo.
In our international markets, we use both direct store
distribution systems and third-party distributors. In these less
developed markets, small retail outlets represent a large
percentage of the market. However, with the emergence of larger,
more sophisticated retailers in CEE, the percentage of total
soft drinks sold to supermarkets and other larger accounts is
increasing. In order to optimize the infrastructure in CEE and
the Caribbean, we use an alternative sales and distribution
strategy in which third-party distributors are utilized in
certain locations in an effort to reduce delivery costs and
expand our points of distribution.
Franchise
Agreements
We conduct our business primarily under franchise agreements
with PepsiCo. These agreements give us the exclusive right in
specified territories to manufacture, package, sell and
distribute PepsiCo beverages, and to use the related PepsiCo
tradenames and trademarks. These agreements require us, among
other things, to purchase concentrates for the beverages solely
from PepsiCo, at prices established by PepsiCo, to use only
PepsiCo authorized containers, packages and labeling, and to
diligently promote the sale and distribution of PepsiCo
beverages. We also have similar agreements with other brand
owners such as Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.
Set forth below is a summary of our Master Bottling Agreement
with PepsiCo, pursuant to which we manufacture, package, sell
and distribute cola and non-cola beverages in the U.S. and
in certain countries
outside the U.S. In addition, we have similar arrangements
with other companies whose brands we produce and distribute.
Generally, the franchise agreements exist in perpetuity and
contain operating and marketing commitments and conditions for
termination. Also set forth below is a summary of our Master
Fountain Syrup Agreement with PepsiCo, pursuant to which we
manufacture, sell and distribute fountain syrup for PepsiCo
beverages.
Master Bottling Agreement. The Master
Bottling Agreement (the “Bottling Agreement”) under
which we manufacture, package, sell and distribute cola and
non-cola beverages bearing the Pepsi-Cola and Pepsi
trademarks was entered into in November 2000. The Bottling
Agreement gives us the exclusive and perpetual right to
distribute cola beverages for sale in specified territories in
authorized containers, with the exception of Romania. In
Romania, our agreement has certain performance measures that, if
exceeded, enable the agreement to automatically renew. The
Bottling Agreement provides that we will purchase our entire
requirements of concentrates for cola beverages from PepsiCo at
prices, and on terms and conditions, determined from time to
time by PepsiCo. PepsiCo has no rights under the Bottling
Agreement with respect to the prices at which we sell our
products. PepsiCo may determine from time to time what types of
containers we are authorized to use.
Under the Bottling Agreement, we are obligated to:
(1)
maintain plants, equipment, staff and facilities capable of
manufacturing, packaging and distributing the beverages in the
authorized containers, and in compliance with all requirements
in sufficient quantities, to meet the demand of the territories;
(2)
make necessary adaptations to equipment to permit the successful
introduction and delivery of products in sufficient quantities;
(3)
undertake adequate quality control measures prescribed by
PepsiCo and allow PepsiCo representatives to inspect all
equipment and facilities to ensure compliance;
(4)
vigorously advance the sale of the beverages throughout the
territories;
(5)
increase and fully meet the demand for the cola beverages in our
territories using all approved means and spend such funds on
advertising and other forms of marketing beverages as may be
reasonably required to meet the objective; and
(6)
maintain such financial capacity as may be reasonably necessary
to assure our performance under the Bottling Agreement.
The Bottling Agreement requires that we meet with PepsiCo on an
annual basis to discuss the business plan for the following
three years. At these meetings, we are obligated to present the
plans necessary to perform the duties required under the
Bottling Agreement. These include marketing, management,
advertising and financial plans.
The Bottling Agreement provides that PepsiCo may, in its sole
discretion, reformulate any of the cola beverages or discontinue
them, with some limitations, so long as all cola beverages are
not discontinued. PepsiCo may also introduce new beverages under
the Pepsi-Cola trademarks or any modification thereof. If
that occurs, we will be obligated to manufacture, package, sell
and distribute such new beverages with the same obligations as
then exist with respect to other cola beverages. We are
prohibited from producing or handling cola products, other than
those of PepsiCo, or products or packages that imitate, infringe
or cause confusion with the products, containers or trademarks
of PepsiCo. The Bottling Agreement also imposes requirements
with respect to the use of PepsiCo’s trademarks, authorized
containers, packaging and labeling.
PepsiCo can terminate the Bottling Agreement if any of the
following occur:
(1)
we become insolvent, file for bankruptcy or adopt a plan of
dissolution or liquidation;
(2)
any person or group of persons, without PepsiCo’s consent,
acquires the right of beneficial ownership of more than
15 percent of any class of voting securities of
PepsiAmericas, and if that person or group of persons does not
terminate that ownership within 30 days;
any disposition of any voting securities of one of our bottling
subsidiaries or substantially all of our bottling assets without
PepsiCo’s consent;
(4)
we do not make timely payments for concentrate purchases;
(5)
we fail to meet quality control standards on products, equipment
and facilities; or
(6)
we fail to present or carry out approved plans in all material
respects and do not rectify the situation within 120 days.
We are prohibited from assigning, transferring or pledging the
Bottling Agreement without PepsiCo’s prior consent.
Master Fountain Syrup Agreement. The
Master Fountain Syrup Agreement (the “Syrup
Agreement”) grants us the exclusive right to manufacture,
sell and distribute fountain syrup to local customers in our
territories. The Syrup Agreement also grants us the right to act
as a manufacturing and delivery agent for national accounts
within our territories that specifically request direct delivery
without using a middleman. In addition, PepsiCo may appoint us
to manufacture and deliver fountain syrup to national accounts
that elect delivery through independent distributors. Under the
Syrup Agreement, we have the exclusive right to service fountain
equipment for all of the national account customers within our
territories. The Syrup Agreement provides that the determination
of whether an account is local or national is at the sole
discretion of PepsiCo.
The Syrup Agreement contains provisions that are similar to
those contained in the Bottling Agreement with respect to
pricing, territorial restrictions with respect to local
customers and national customers electing direct store delivery
only, planning, quality control, transfer restrictions and
related matters. The Syrup Agreement, which we entered into in
November 2000, had an initial term of five years and was
automatically renewed for an additional five-year period in
November 2005 on the same terms and conditions. The Syrup
Agreement is automatically renewable for additional five-year
periods unless PepsiCo terminates it for cause. PepsiCo has the
right to terminate the Syrup Agreement without cause at any time
upon 24 months’ notice. If PepsiCo terminates the
Syrup Agreement without cause, PepsiCo is required to pay us the
fair market value of our rights thereunder. The Syrup Agreement
will terminate if PepsiCo terminates the Bottling Agreement.
Advertising
We obtain the benefits of national advertising campaigns
conducted by PepsiCo and the other beverage companies whose
products we sell. We supplement PepsiCo’s national ad
campaigns by purchasing advertising in our local markets,
including the use of television, radio, print and billboards. We
also make extensive use of in-store,
point-of-sale
displays to reinforce national and local advertising and to
stimulate demand.
Raw
Materials and Manufacturing
Expenditures for concentrates constitute our largest individual
raw material cost. We buy various soft drink concentrates from
PepsiCo and other soft drink companies and mix them with other
ingredients in our plants, including water, carbon dioxide and
sweeteners. Artificial sweeteners are included in the
concentrates we purchase for diet soft drinks. Additionally, we
buy juice concentrates for our Sandora, Sadochok and Toma juice
brands.
In addition to concentrates, we purchase sweeteners, glass and
PET bottles, aluminum cans, closures, paperboard cartons,
bag-in-box
packages, syrup containers, other packaging materials and carbon
dioxide. We purchase raw materials and supplies, other than
concentrates, from multiple suppliers. PepsiCo acts as our agent
for the purchase of several such raw materials (see
“Related Party Transactions” in Item 7 and
Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for
further discussion of PepsiCo’s procurement services).
A portion of our contractual cost of cans, PET bottles and
sweeteners is subject to price fluctuations based on commodity
price changes in aluminum, PET resin, corn and sugar. We may
enter into firm price commitments for future purchases of
commodities that enable us to establish a fixed purchase price
within a defined time period. We may also periodically use
derivative financial instruments to hedge the price risk
associated with anticipated purchases of commodities.
The inability of suppliers to deliver concentrates or other
products to us could adversely affect operating results. None of
the raw materials or supplies in use is currently in short
supply, although factors outside of our control could adversely
impact the future availability of these supplies.
Seasonality
Sales of our products are seasonal, with the second and third
quarters generating higher net sales than the first and fourth
quarters. Approximately 54 percent of our net sales in
fiscal year 2008 were generated during the second and third
quarters. Net sales in our CEE operations tend to be more
seasonal and sensitive to weather conditions than our
U.S. and Caribbean operations.
Competition
The carbonated soft drink and the non-carbonated beverage
markets are highly competitive. Our principal competitors are
bottlers who produce, package, sell and distribute
Coca-Cola
products. Additionally, in both the carbonated soft drink and
non-carbonated beverage markets, we also compete with bottlers
and distributors of nationally advertised and marketed products,
bottlers and distributors of regionally advertised and marketed
products, and bottlers of private label products sold in chain
stores. The industry competes primarily on the basis of
advertising to create brand awareness, price and price
promotions, retail space management, customer service, consumer
points of access, new products, packaging innovations and
distribution methods. We believe that brand recognition is a
primary factor affecting our competitive position.
Employees
We employed approximately 20,800 people worldwide as of the
end of fiscal year 2008. This included approximately
12,200 employees in our U.S. operations and
approximately 8,600 employees in our international
operations. Employment levels are subject to seasonal
variations. We are a party to collective bargaining agreements
covering approximately 5,500 employees in the U.S. and
Puerto Rico. Thirteen agreements covering approximately
980 employees will be renegotiated in 2009. We regard our
employee relations as generally satisfactory.
Government
Regulation
Our operations and properties are subject to regulation by
various federal, state and local governmental entities and
agencies in the U.S., as well as foreign governmental entities.
As a producer of beverage products, we are subject to
production, packaging, quality, labeling and distribution
standards in each of the countries where we have operations
including, in the U.S., those of the Federal Food, Drug and
Cosmetic Act. In the U.S., we are also subject to the Soft Drink
Interbrand Competition Act, which permits us to retain an
exclusive right to manufacture, distribute and sell a soft drink
product in a geographic territory if the soft drink product is
in substantial and effective competition with other products of
the same class in the same market or markets. We believe that
there is such substantial and effective competition in each of
the exclusive territories in which we operate. The operations of
our production and distribution facilities are subject to
various federal, state and local environmental laws and
workplace regulations both in the U.S. and abroad. These
laws and regulations include, in the U.S., the Occupational
Safety and Health Act, the Unfair Labor Standards Act, the Clean
Air Act, the Clean Water Act and laws relating to the
maintenance of fuel storage tanks. We believe that our current
legal and environmental compliance programs adequately address
these areas and that we are in substantial compliance with
applicable laws and regulations.
Environmental
Matters
Current Operations. We maintain
compliance with federal, state and local laws and regulations
relating to materials used in production and to the discharge of
wastes, and other laws and regulations relating to the
protection of the environment. The capital costs of such
management and compliance, including the modification of
existing plants and the installation of new manufacturing
processes, are not material to our continuing operations.
We are defendants in lawsuits that arise in the ordinary course
of business, none of which is expected to have a material
adverse effect on our financial condition, although amounts
recorded in any given period could be material to the results of
operations or cash flows for that period.
Discontinued Operations —
Remediation. Under the agreement pursuant to
which we sold our subsidiaries, Abex Corporation and Pneumo Abex
Corporation (collectively, “Pneumo Abex”), in 1988 and
a subsequent settlement agreement entered into in September
1991, we have assumed indemnification obligations for certain
environmental liabilities of Pneumo Abex, after any insurance
recoveries. Pneumo Abex has been and is subject to a number of
environmental cleanup proceedings, including responsibilities
under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and
Liability Act and other related federal and state laws regarding
release or disposal of wastes at
on-site and
off-site locations. In some proceedings, federal, state and
local government agencies are involved and other major
corporations have been named as potentially responsible parties.
Pneumo Abex is also subject to private claims and lawsuits for
remediation of properties previously owned by Pneumo Abex and
its subsidiaries.
There is an inherent uncertainty in assessing the total cost to
investigate and remediate a given site. This is because of the
evolving and varying nature of the remediation and allocation
process. Any assessment of expenses is more speculative in an
early stage of remediation and is dependent upon a number of
variables beyond the control of any party. Furthermore, there
are often timing considerations, in that a portion of the
expense incurred by Pneumo Abex, and any resulting obligation of
ours to indemnify Pneumo Abex, may not occur for a number of
years.
In fiscal year 2001, we investigated the use of insurance
products to mitigate risks related to our indemnification
obligations under the 1988 agreement, as amended. We oversaw a
comprehensive review of the former facilities operated or
impacted by Pneumo Abex. Advances in the techniques of
retrospective risk evaluation and increased experience (and
therefore available data) at our former facilities made this
comprehensive review possible. The review was completed in
fiscal year 2001 and was updated in fiscal year 2005.
During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, we recorded a charge of
$15.0 million ($9.2 million net of taxes) and
$3.2 million ($2.1 million net of taxes),
respectively, related to revised estimates for environmental
remediation, legal and related administrative costs. In
particular, we revised our remediation plans at several sites
during the year resulting in an increase in the accrual for
remediation costs of $5.0 million, and we increased our
accrual for legal costs by $10.0 million. These legal costs
include defense costs associated with toxic tort matters. As of
the end of fiscal year 2008, we had $36.1 million accrued
to cover potential indemnification obligations, compared to
$40.2 million recorded as of the end of fiscal year 2007.
Of the total amount accrued, $11.9 million as of the end of
fiscal year 2008 and $19.5 million as of the end of fiscal
year 2007 were recorded in “Accrued expenses, other”
on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. This indemnification
obligation includes costs associated with several sites in
various stages of remediation or negotiations. At the present
time, the most significant remaining indemnification obligation
is associated with the Willits site, as discussed below, while
no other single site has significant estimated remaining costs
associated with it. The amounts exclude possible insurance
recoveries and are determined on an undiscounted cash flow
basis. The estimated indemnification liabilities include
expenses for the investigation and remediation of identified
sites, payments to third parties for claims and expenses
(including product liability), administrative expenses, and the
expenses of on-going evaluations and litigation. We expect a
significant portion of the accrued liabilities will be spent
during the next several years.
Included in our indemnification obligations is financial
exposure related to certain remedial actions required at a
facility that manufactured hydraulic and related equipment in
Willits, California. Various chemicals and metals contaminate
this site. A final consent decree was issued in August 1997 and
amended in December 2000 in the case of the People of the
State of California and the City of Willits, California v.
Remco Hydraulics, Inc. The final consent decree established
a trust (the “Willits Trust”) which is obligated to
investigate and clean up this site. We are currently funding the
Willits Trust and the investigation and interim remediation
costs on a
year-to-year
basis as required in the final amended consent decree. We have
accrued
$10.6 million as of the end of fiscal year 2008 for future
remediation and trust administration costs, with the majority of
this amount to be spent over the next several years.
Although we have certain indemnification obligations for
environmental liabilities at a number of sites other than the
site discussed above, including Superfund sites, it is not
anticipated that additional expense at any specific site will
have a material effect on us. At some sites, the volumetric
contribution for which we have an obligation has been estimated
and other large, financially viable parties are responsible for
substantial portions of the remainder. In our opinion, based
upon information currently available, the ultimate resolution of
these claims and litigation, including potential environmental
exposures, and considering amounts already accrued, should not
have a material effect on our financial condition, although
amounts recorded in a given period could be material to our
results of operations or cash flows for that period.
Discontinued Operations —
Insurance. During fiscal year 2002, as part
of a comprehensive program concerning environmental liabilities
related to the former Whitman Corporation subsidiaries, we
purchased new insurance coverage related to the sites previously
owned and operated or impacted by Pneumo Abex and its
subsidiaries. In addition, a trust, which was established in
2000 with the proceeds from an insurance settlement (the
“Trust”), purchased insurance coverage and funded
coverage for remedial and other costs (“Finite
Funding”) related to the sites previously owned and
operated or impacted by Pneumo Abex and its subsidiaries.
Essentially all of the assets of the Trust were expended by the
Trust in connection with the purchase of the insurance coverage,
the Finite Funding and related expenses. These actions were
taken to fund remediation and related costs associated with the
sites previously owned and operated or impacted by Pneumo Abex
and its subsidiaries and to protect against additional future
costs in excess of our self-insured retention. The original
amount of self-insured retention (the amount we must pay before
the insurance carrier is obligated to begin payments) was
$114.0 million of which $56.6 million has been eroded,
leaving a remaining self-insured retention of $57.4 million
as of the end of fiscal year 2008. The estimated range of
aggregate exposure related only to the remediation costs of such
environmental liabilities is approximately $18 million to
$38 million. We had accrued $20.4 million as of the
end of fiscal year 2008 for remediation costs, which is our best
estimate of the contingent liabilities related to these
environmental matters. The Finite Funding may be used to pay a
portion of the $20.4 million and thus reduces our future
cash obligations. Amounts recorded in our Consolidated Balance
Sheets related to Finite Funding were $9.9 million as of
the end of fiscal year 2008 and $11.5 million as of the end
of fiscal year 2007 and were recorded in “Other
assets,” net of $4.2 million and $4.7 million
recorded in “Other current assets” as of the end of
each respective period.
In addition, we had recorded other receivables of
$2.6 million as of the end of fiscal year 2007 for future
probable amounts to be received from insurance companies and
other responsible parties. These amounts were recorded in
“Other current assets” as of the end of fiscal year
2007 in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of the end of fiscal
year 2008, there was no receivable recorded as insurance amounts
were received during the current year.
On May 31, 2005, Cooper Industries, LLC
(“Cooper”) filed and later served a lawsuit against
us, Pneumo Abex, LLC, and the Trustee of the Trust (the
“Trustee”), captioned Cooper Industries,
LLC v. PepsiAmericas, Inc., et al., Case No. 05 CH
09214 (Cook Cty. Cir. Ct.). The claims involved the Trust and
insurance policy described above. Cooper asserted that it was
entitled to access $34 million that previously was in the
Trust and was used to purchase the insurance policy. Cooper
claimed that Trust funds should have been distributed for
underlying Pneumo Abex asbestos claims indemnified by Cooper.
Cooper complained that it was deprived of access to money in the
Trust because of the Trustee’s decision to use the Trust
funds to purchase the insurance policy described above. Pneumo
Abex, LLC, the corporate successor to our prior subsidiary, has
been dismissed from the suit.
During the second quarter of 2006, the Trustee’s motion to
dismiss, in which we had joined, was granted and three counts
against us based on the use of Trust funds were dismissed with
prejudice, as were all counts against the Trustee, on the
grounds that Cooper lacked standing to pursue these counts
because it was not a beneficiary under the Trust. We then filed
a separate motion to dismiss the remaining counts against us.
Our motion was also granted during the second quarter of 2006
and all remaining counts against us were dismissed
with prejudice. Cooper subsequently filed a notice of appeal
with regard to all rulings by the court dismissing the counts
against us and the Trustee. Prior to any oral argument, the
appellate court on September 7, 2007 issued an opinion
affirming the trial court’s opinion. Cooper subsequently
filed motion papers asking the Illinois Supreme Court to accept
a discretionary appeal of the rulings. The Trustee then filed an
opposition brief explaining why the Illinois Supreme Court
should not allow another appeal, and we joined in that brief. On
November 29, 2007, the Supreme Court of Illinois denied
Cooper’s petition for leave to appeal the appellate
court’s September 7, 2007 ruling. Cooper did not file
a petition for certiorari seeking discretionary review by the
United States Supreme Court by the February 27, 2008
deadline for such filing.
Discontinued Operations — Product Liability and
Toxic Tort Claims. We also have certain
indemnification obligations related to product liability and
toxic tort claims that might emanate out of the 1988 agreement
with Pneumo Abex. Other companies not owned by or associated
with us also are responsible to Pneumo Abex for the financial
burden of all asbestos product liability claims filed against
Pneumo Abex after a certain date in 1998, except for certain
claims indemnified by us.
In fiscal year 2004, we noted that three mass-filed lawsuits
accounted for thousands of claims for which Pneumo Abex claimed
indemnification. During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2005,
these and other related claims were resolved for an amount we
viewed as reasonable given all of the circumstances and
consistent with our prior judgments as to valuation. We have
received year-end 2008 claim statistics from law firms and
Pneumo Abex which reflect the resolution of those claims and the
remaining cases for which Pneumo Abex claims indemnification
from PepsiAmericas. After giving effect to the noted resolution
of prior mass-filed claims, there are less than 6,000 such
claims for which indemnification is claimed as of the end of
fiscal year 2008. Of these claims, approximately 5,450 are filed
in federal court and are subject to orders issued by the
Multi-District Litigation panel, which effectively stay all
federal claims, subject to specific requests to activate a
particular claim or a discrete group of claims. The remaining
cases are in state court and some are in “pleural
registries” or other similar classifications that cause a
case not to be allowed to go to trial unless there is a specific
showing as to a particular plaintiff. Over 50 percent of
the state court claims were filed prior to or in 1998. Prior to
1980, sales ceased for the asbestos-containing product claimed
to have generated the largest subset of the open cases, and,
therefore, we expect a decreasing rate of individual claims for
that subset of cases. We oversee monitoring of the defense of
the underlying claims that are or may be indemnifiable by us.
As of the end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007, we had accrued
$5.1 million and $4.0 million, respectively, related
to product liability. These accruals primarily relate to
probable asbestos claim settlements and legal defense costs. We
also have additional amounts accrued for legal and other costs
associated with obtaining insurance recoveries for previously
resolved and currently open claims and their related costs.
These amounts are included in the total liabilities of
$36.1 million accrued as of the end of fiscal year 2008. In
addition to the known and probable asbestos claims, we may be
subject to additional asbestos claims that are possible for
which no reserve had been established as of the end of fiscal
year 2008. These additional reasonably possible claims are
primarily asbestos-related and the aggregate exposure related to
these possible claims is estimated to be in the range of
$4 million to $17 million. These amounts are
undiscounted and do not reflect any insurance recoveries that we
will pursue from insurers for these claims.
In addition, four lawsuits have been filed in California, which
name several defendants including certain of our prior
subsidiaries. The lawsuits allege that we and our former
subsidiaries are liable for personal injury
and/or
property damage resulting from environmental contamination at
the Willits facility. As of the end of fiscal year 2008, there
were 43 personal injury plaintiffs in the lawsuits seeking
an unspecified amount of damages, punitive damages, injunctive
relief and medical monitoring damages. We are actively defending
the lawsuits. At this time, we do not believe these lawsuits are
material to our business or financial condition.
We have other indemnification obligations related to product
liability matters. In our opinion, based on the information
currently available and the amounts already accrued, these
claims should not have a material effect on our financial
condition.
We also participate in and monitor insurance-recovery efforts
for the claims against Pneumo Abex. Recoveries from insurers
vary year by year because certain insurance policies exhaust and
other insurance policies become responsive. Recoveries also vary
due to delays in litigation, limits on payments in particular
periods, and because insurers sometimes seek to avoid their
obligations based on positions that we believe are improper. We,
assisted by our consultants, monitor the financial ratings of
insurers that issued responsive coverage and the claims
submitted by Pneumo Abex.
Our executive officers and their ages as of February 27,2009 were as follows:
Name
Age
Position
Robert C. Pohlad
54
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Kenneth E. Keiser
57
President and Chief Operating Officer
Alexander H. Ware
46
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
G. Michael Durkin, Jr.
49
Executive Vice President, U.S.
James R. Rogers
54
Executive Vice President, International
Jay S. Hulbert
55
Executive Vice President, Worldwide Supply Chain
Anne D. Sample
45
Executive Vice President, Human Resources
Kenneth L. Johnsen
47
Senior Vice President and Chief Information Officer
Timothy W. Gorman
48
Senior Vice President and Controller
Andrew R. Stark
45
Vice President and Treasurer
Each executive officer has been appointed to serve until his or
her successor is duly appointed or his or her earlier removal or
resignation from office. There are no familial relationships
between any director or executive officer. The following is a
brief description of the business background of each of our
executive officers.
Mr. Pohlad became Chief Executive Officer of PepsiAmericas
in November 2000, was named Vice Chairman in January 2001 and
became Chairman of the Board in January 2002. From 1987 to
present, Mr. Pohlad has also served as President of Pohlad
Companies.
Mr. Keiser was named President and Chief Operating Officer
in January 2002 with responsibilities for the global operations
of PepsiAmericas. Mr. Keiser is also a director of C.H.
Robinson Worldwide, Inc.
Mr. Ware was named Executive Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer in March 2005. From January 2003 to March
2005, Mr. Ware had served as Senior Vice President,
Planning and Corporate Development.
Mr. Durkin was named Executive Vice President, U.S. in
March 2005. Prior to this role, Mr. Durkin served as Chief
Financial Officer of PepsiAmericas since 2000. Mr. Durkin
also serves on the Board of Directors of The Schwan Food
Company, Inc.
Mr. Rogers was named Executive Vice President,
International in September 2004. Prior to this appointment, he
served as Executive Vice President/General Manager of Central
Europe since August 2000.
Mr. Hulbert was named Executive Vice President, Worldwide
Supply Chain in January 2008. Prior to this appointment, he
served as Senior Vice President, Supply Chain since December
2002.
Ms. Sample was named Executive Vice President, Human
Resources in January 2008. Prior to this appointment, she served
as Senior Vice President, Human Resources since May 2001.
Mr. Johnsen was named Senior Vice President and Chief
Information Officer in July 2001. From November 1997 to June
2001, he served as Chief of Information Technology.
Mr. Gorman was named Senior Vice President and Controller
in January 2008. Prior to this appointment, he served as Vice
President and Controller since May 2003, and Vice President,
Planning and Reporting from August 1999 to May 2003.
Mr. Stark was named Vice President and Treasurer in July
2002. Prior to his appointment, Mr. Stark served as
Assistant Treasurer since August 1998.
The following are certain risk factors that could affect our
business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.
These risk factors should be considered in connection with
evaluating the forward-looking statements contained in this
Annual Report on
Form 10-K
because these risk factors could cause our actual results to
differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking
statement. The risks we have highlighted below are not the only
ones we face. If any of these events actually occur, our
business, financial condition, operating results or cash flows
could be negatively affected. We caution you to keep in mind
these risk factors and to refrain from attributing undue
certainty to any forward-looking statements, which speak only as
of the date of this report.
Our
operating results may fluctuate based on changes in marketplace
conditions, especially customer and competitor consolidation;
changes in consumer preferences, including our consumers’
shift from carbonated soft drinks to non-carbonated beverages;
and unfavorable weather conditions in the territories in which
we operate.
We face intense competition in the carbonated soft drink market
and the non-carbonated beverage market and are impacted by both
customer and competitor consolidation. Our response to
marketplace competition and retailer consolidations may result
in lower than expected net pricing of our products. Retail
consolidation has increased the importance of our major
customers and further consolidation is expected. In addition,
competitive pressures may cause channel and product mix to shift
from more profitable channels and packages and adversely affect
our overall pricing. Our efforts to improve pricing may result
in lower than expected volumes. Changes in net pricing and
volume could have an adverse effect on our business, results of
operations and financial condition.
Health and wellness trends have decreased demand for sugared
carbonated soft drinks and shifted interest to diet soft drinks
and non-carbonated beverages. In the U.S., carbonated soft drink
volume, which represented approximately 80 percent of our
volume mix, declined 3 percent and 4 percent in fiscal
years 2008 and 2007, respectively. In response to changes in
consumers’ preferences, we have increased our emphasis on
diet carbonated soft drinks and non-carbonated beverages,
including Aquafina, SoBe, Tropicana juice drinks, Lipton Iced
Tea, and energy drinks. Our business could be adversely impacted
by a significant decline in sales of sugared carbonated soft
drinks and our inability to offset that decline with sales of
diet soft drinks and
non-carbonated
beverages. Because we rely mainly on PepsiCo to provide us with
the products that we sell, if PepsiCo fails to develop
innovative products that respond to these and other consumer
trends, this could put us at a competitive disadvantage in the
marketplace and adversely affect our business and financial
results.
Our business could also be adversely affected by other consumer
trends, such as consumer health concerns about obesity, product
attributes and ingredients. Consumer preferences may change due
to a variety of factors, including the aging of the general
population, changes in social trends, changes in travel,
vacation or leisure activity patterns or worsening economic
conditions.
Additionally, our business is highly seasonal and unfavorable
weather conditions in our markets may impact sales volume. Sales
volumes in our CEE operations tend to be more sensitive to
weather conditions than our U.S. and Caribbean operations.
Our
business may be adversely impacted by unfavorable global and
local economic, political and regulatory developments or other
risks in the countries in which we operate.
Our operations are affected by local and global economic
environments, including inflation, recession and currency
volatility. Political and regulatory changes, some of which may
be disruptive, can interfere with our supply chain, our
customers, our distributors and all of our activities in a
particular location.
An
increase in the price of raw materials, natural gas and fuel or
a decrease in the availability of raw materials, natural gas and
fuel could adversely affect our financial condition. Disruption
of our supply chain also could have an adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and operating
results.
Increases in the price of ingredients, packaging materials,
other raw materials, natural gas and fuel could adversely impact
our earnings and financial condition if we are unable to pass
along these higher costs to our
customers. The inability of suppliers to deliver concentrate,
raw materials, other ingredients and products to us could also
adversely affect operating results. The inability of our
suppliers to meet our requirements could result in short-term
shortages until alternative sources of supply could be located.
In particular, we require significant amounts of aluminum cans
and PET bottle containers to support our requirements. Failure
of our suppliers to meet our purchase requirements could reduce
our profitability. In addition, we also require access to
significant amounts of water. Any sustained interruption in the
supply of these materials or any significant increase in their
prices could have a material adverse effect on our business and
financial results.
Energy prices, including the price of natural gas, gasoline and
diesel fuel, are cost drivers for our business. Sustained high
energy or commodity prices could negatively impact our operating
results and demand for our products. Events such as natural
disasters could impact the supply of fuel and could impact the
timely delivery of our products to our customers.
Our ability to make, move and sell products is critical to our
success. Damage or disruption to our supply chain, including our
manufacturing or distribution capabilities, due to weather,
natural disaster, fire or explosion, terrorism, pandemic,
strikes or other reasons could impair our ability to
manufacture, package, sell and distribute our products. Failure
to take adequate steps to mitigate the likelihood or potential
impact of such events, or to effectively manage such events if
they occur, could adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations, as well as require
additional resources to restore our supply chain.
The
successful operation of our business depends upon our
relationship with PepsiCo, including its level of advertising,
bottler incentives and brand innovation. We may also have
conflicts of interest with PepsiCo.
We operate under various bottling agreements with PepsiCo that
allow us to manufacture, package, sell and distribute carbonated
and non-carbonated beverages. Our inability to comply with the
terms and conditions established in these agreements could
result in termination of bottling agreements which would have a
material adverse impact on our short-term and long-term
business. These agreements provide that we must purchase all of
the concentrates for PepsiCo beverages at prices and on terms
which are set by PepsiCo in its sole discretion. Any significant
concentrate price increases could materially affect our business
and financial results.
PepsiCo’s advertising campaigns and their effectiveness,
bottler incentives provided by PepsiCo, and PepsiCo’s brand
innovation directly impact our operations. Bottler incentives
cover a variety of initiatives to support volume and market
share growth. The level of support is negotiated regularly and
can be increased or decreased at the discretion of PepsiCo.
PepsiCo is under no obligation to continue past levels of
support in the future. Material changes in expected levels of
bottler incentive payments and other support arrangements could
adversely affect future results of operations. Furthermore, if
the sales volume of sugared carbonated soft drinks continues to
decline, our sales volume growth will increasingly depend on
product innovation by PepsiCo. Even if PepsiCo maintains a
robust pipeline of new products, we may be unable to achieve
volume growth through product and packaging initiatives.
PepsiCo also provides procurement services for certain raw
materials which result in rebates from vendors as a result of
procurement volume. Cost of goods sold may be negatively
impacted if we are unable to maintain targeted volume levels to
secure such anticipated rebates or if PepsiCo no longer provides
this service on our behalf.
Our past and ongoing relationship with PepsiCo could give rise
to conflicts of interest. These potential conflicts include
balancing the objectives of increasing sales volume of PepsiCo
beverages and maintaining or increasing our profitability. Other
possible conflicts could relate to the nature, quality and
pricing of services or products provided to us from PepsiCo or
by us to PepsiCo.
In addition, under our Master Bottling Agreement, we must obtain
PepsiCo’s approval to acquire any independent PepsiCo
bottler. PepsiCo has agreed not to withhold approval for any
acquisition within
agreed-upon
U.S. territories if we have successfully negotiated the
acquisition and, in PepsiCo’s reasonable judgment,
satisfactorily performed our obligations under the Master
Bottling Agreement.
As of the end of fiscal year 2008, PepsiCo beneficially owned
approximately 43 percent of our common stock. As a result,
PepsiCo is able to significantly affect the outcome of our
shareholder votes, thereby affecting matters concerning us.
PepsiCo has expressed its intent to reduce its ownership status
to 37 percent over the next several years to return to the
ownership levels at the time of the Whitman Corporation and
PepsiAmericas merger, which may impact the market price of our
common stock.
A
negative change in our credit rating or the availability of
capital could impact borrowing costs and financial
results.
We depend, in part, upon the issuance of unsecured debt to fund
our operations and contractual commitments. A number of factors
could cause us to incur increased borrowing costs and to have
greater difficulty accessing public and private markets for
unsecured debt. These factors include the global capital market
environment and outlook, our financial performance and outlook,
and our credit ratings as determined primarily by rating
agencies. It is possible that our other sources of funds,
including available cash, bank facilities and cash flow from
operations, may not provide adequate liquidity to fund our
operations and contractual commitments.
Because
our international operations are conducted under multiple local
currencies, our operating results experience foreign currency
fluctuations.
Our international operations are exposed to foreign exchange
rate fluctuations resulting from foreign currency transactions
and translation of the operations’ financial results from
local currency into U.S. dollars upon consolidation. As
exchange rates vary, revenue, capital spending and other
operating results, when translated, may differ materially from
expectations.
The
cost to remediate environmental concerns associated with
previously owned subsidiaries could be materially different than
our estimates.
We are subject to federal and state requirements for protection
of the environment, including those for the remediation of
contaminated sites related to certain previously owned
subsidiaries. We routinely assess our environmental exposure,
including obligations and commitments for remediation of
contaminated sites and assessments of ranges and probabilities
of recoveries from other potentially responsible parties,
including insurance providers. Due to the regulatory
complexities and risk of unidentified contaminants on our former
properties, the potential exists for remediation costs to be
materially different from the costs we have estimated.
We
cannot predict the outcome of legal proceedings and an adverse
determination could negatively impact our financial results, nor
can we predict the nature or outcome of future legal
proceedings.
The nature of operations of certain previously owned
subsidiaries exposes us to the potential for various claims and
litigation related to, among other things, personal injury and
asbestos product liability claims. The nature of assets we
currently own and operate exposes us to the potential for
various claims and litigation related to, among other things,
personal injury and property damage. The resolution of
outstanding claims and assessments may be materially different
than what we have estimated.
In addition, litigation or other claims based on alleged
unhealthful properties of soft drinks could be filed against us
and would require our management to devote significant time and
resources to dealing with such claims. While we would not
believe such claims to be meritorious, any such claims would be
accompanied by unfavorable publicity that could adversely affect
the sales of certain of our products. Our failure to abide by
laws, orders or other legal commitments could subject us to
fines, penalties or other damages, including costs associated
with recalling products. We could be required to recall products
if they become contaminated or damaged.
Increases
in the cost of compliance with applicable regulations, including
those governing the production, packaging, quality, labeling and
distribution of beverage products, could negatively impact our
financial results.
Our operations and properties are subject to various federal,
state and local laws and regulations, including those governing
the production, packaging, quality, labeling and distribution of
beverage products, environmental laws, competition laws, taxes
and accounting standards. We are also subject to the
jurisdiction of regulatory agencies of foreign countries. New
laws or regulations or changes in existing laws or regulations
could negatively impact our financial results by restricting our
ability to distribute products in certain venues or through
higher operating costs to achieve compliance.
Changes
in tax laws or in the tax status of our international operations
could increase our tax liability and negatively impact our
financial results.
We are subject to taxes in the U.S. and various foreign
jurisdictions. As a result, our effective tax rate could be
adversely affected by changes in the mix of earnings in the
U.S. and foreign countries with differing statutory tax
rates, legislative changes impacting statutory tax rates,
including the impact on recorded deferred tax assets and
liabilities, changes in tax laws or material audit assessments.
In addition, deferred tax balances reflect the benefit of net
operating loss carryforwards, the realization of which will
depend upon generating future taxable income in the
corresponding tax jurisdiction.
A
strike or work stoppage by our union employees, which represent
approximately one-fourth of our workforce, could disrupt our
business.
Approximately 26 percent of our employees are covered by
collective bargaining agreements with higher representation in
the U.S. at nearly 45 percent of our employee base.
These agreements expire at various dates, including some in
fiscal year 2009. Our inability to successfully renegotiate
these agreements could cause work stoppages and interruptions,
which may adversely impact our operating results. The terms and
conditions of existing or renegotiated agreements could also
increase our costs or otherwise affect our ability to fully
implement future operational changes to enhance our efficiency.
Our
acquisition strategy may be limited by our ability to
successfully consummate proposed acquisitions or integrate
acquired businesses.
We intend to continue to pursue acquiring businesses that would
strategically fit within our operations. We may be unable to
consummate, successfully integrate and manage acquired
businesses without substantial costs, delay or difficulties.
Technology
failures could disrupt our operations and negatively impact our
business.
We rely on information technology systems to process, transmit
and store electronic information. If we do not effectively
manage our information technology infrastructure, we could be
subject to transaction errors, processing inefficiencies, the
loss of customers, and business disruptions.
Item 1B.
Unresolved
Staff Comments.
None.
Item 2.
Properties.
Our U.S. manufacturing facilities include 10 owned and 1
leased combination bottling/canning plants, 4 owned bottling
plants and 2 owned canning plants. International manufacturing
facilities include 4 owned plants in Ukraine; 3 owned plants in
Romania; 2 owned plants each in Poland, Hungary, and the Czech
Republic; and 1 owned plant each in Puerto Rico, Jamaica and
Trinidad. The total manufacturing area is approximately
3.3 million square feet. In addition, we operate 127
distribution facilities in the U.S., 45 distribution facilities
in CEE and 5 distribution facilities in the Caribbean.
Seventy-one of the distribution facilities are leased and almost
6 percent of our U.S. production is from 1 leased
domestic plant. We believe all facilities are adequately
equipped and maintained and capacity is sufficient for our
current needs. We currently operate a fleet of approximately
5,000 vehicles in the U.S. and approximately 2,300 vehicles
internationally to service and support our distribution system.
In addition, we own and lease various industrial and commercial
real estate properties in the U.S.
Item 3.
Legal
Proceedings.
From approximately 1945 to 1995, various entities owned and
operated a facility that manufactured hydraulic equipment in
Willits, California. The plant site was contaminated by various
chemicals and metals. On August 23, 1999, an action
entitled Donna M. Avila, et al. v. Willits Environmental
Remediation Trust, Remco Hydraulics, Inc., M-C Industries, Inc.,
Pneumo Abex Corporation and Whitman Corporation, Case
No. C99-3941
CAL, was filed in U.S. District Court for the Northern
District of California. On January 16, 2001, a second
lawsuit, entitled Pamela Jo Alrich, et al. v. Willits
Environmental Remediation Trust, et al., Case No. C 01
0266 SI, against essentially the same defendants was filed in
the same court. The same defendants were served with a third
lawsuit, entitled Nickerman v. Remco Hydraulics, on
April 3, 2006. These three lawsuits were consolidated
before the same judge in the U.S. District Court for the
Northern District of California. In these lawsuits, individual
plaintiffs claim that PepsiAmericas is liable for personal
injury
and/or
property damage resulting from environmental contamination at
the facility. There were over 1,000 claims filed in the three
lawsuits. The Court dismissed a large portion of the claims; and
in 2006 and 2008 we settled a significant number of the claims.
There were 14 claims remaining for these lawsuits as of the end
of fiscal year 2008. A trial date has been set for June 2009 for
these claims. In early July 2008, a fourth lawsuit was filed.
This lawsuit has 29 plaintiffs and is based on the same claims
as the prior three lawsuits. We are actively defending the
lawsuits. At this time, we do not believe these lawsuits are
material to the business or financial condition of PepsiAmericas.
We and our subsidiaries are defendants in numerous other
lawsuits in the ordinary course of business, none of which, in
the opinion of management, is expected to have a material
adverse effect on our financial condition, although amounts
recorded in any given period could be material to the results of
operations or cash flows for that period.
See also “Environmental Matters” in Item 1 and
Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for
further discussion.
Item 4.
Submission
of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
Market
for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters
and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Our common stock is listed and traded on the New York Stock
Exchange under the stock trading symbol “PAS.” The
table below sets forth the reported high and low sales prices as
reported for New York Stock Exchange Composite Transactions for
our common stock and indicates our dividends declared for each
quarterly period for the fiscal years 2008 and 2007.
The following performance graph compares the performance of
PepsiAmericas common stock to the MidCap 400 Index (“MidCap
400”) and to an index of peer companies selected by us, the
Bottling Group Index (“BGI”). The BGI consists of The
Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc.,
Coca-Cola
Enterprises, Inc.,
Coca-Cola
Bottling Company Consolidated,
Coca-Cola
FEMSA S.A.B. de C.V. ADRs and
Coca-Cola
Hellenic Bottling Company S.A. ADRs. The graph assumes the
return on $100 invested on January 3, 2004 until
January 3, 2009. The returns of each member of the BGI are
weighted by market capitalization and include the subsequent
reinvestment of dividends into the respective stock.
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
PepsiAmericas
100.00
125.93
139.90
129.05
216.08
132.99
MidCap 400
100.00
116.50
131.13
144.67
157.10
102.03
BGI
100.00
106.71
114.24
140.52
197.43
108.25
The closing price of our stock on January 3, 2009 was
$20.69.
Represents shares purchased in open-market transactions pursuant
to our publicly announced repurchase program.
(2)
Represents cumulative shares purchased under previously
announced share repurchase authorizations by the Board of
Directors. Share repurchases began in 1999 under an
authorization for 15 million shares announced on
November 19, 1999. On December 19, 2002, the Board of
Directors authorized the repurchase of 20 million
additional shares. The Board of Directors later authorized the
repurchase of 20 million additional shares as announced on
July 21, 2005. On July 24, 2008, the Board of
Directors authorized the repurchase of 10 million
additional shares.
(3)
As noted above, on July 21, 2005 we announced that our
Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of 20 million
additional shares under a previously authorized repurchase
program. On July 24, 2008, we announced that our Board of
Directors authorized the repurchase of 10 million
additional shares under our previously authorized repurchase
program. These repurchase authorizations do not have scheduled
expiration dates.
Securities
Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation
Plans
See “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and
Management and Related Stockholder Matters” in Item 12
for information regarding securities authorized for issuance
under our equity compensation plans.
The following table presents summary operating results and other
information of PepsiAmericas and should be read along with
Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” the
Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes
included elsewhere in this Annual Report on
Form 10-K
(in millions, except per share and employee data).
For the Fiscal Years
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
OPERATING RESULTS:
Net sales:
U.S.
$
3,429.9
$
3,384.9
$
3,245.8
$
3,156.1
$
2,825.8
CEE
1,260.9
849.4
484.1
343.5
309.4
Caribbean
246.4
245.2
242.5
226.4
209.5
Worldwide
$
4,937.2
$
4,479.5
$
3,972.4
$
3,726.0
$
3,344.7
Operating income (loss):
U.S.
$
324.4
$
331.6
$
330.1
$
387.7
$
332.3
CEE
155.4
100.5
20.9
1.5
2.0
Caribbean
(6.6
)
4.0
5.0
4.2
5.4
Worldwide
473.2
436.1
356.0
393.4
339.7
Interest expense, net
111.1
109.2
101.3
89.9
62.1
Other expense (income), net
7.9
0.6
11.7
5.0
(4.7
)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes,
minority interest and equity in net (loss) earnings of
nonconsolidated companies
354.2
326.3
243.0
298.5
282.3
Income taxes
107.8
112.0
90.5
108.8
100.4
Minority interest
(9.7
)
(0.1
)
0.2
0.1
0.1
Equity in net (loss) earnings of nonconsolidated companies
The following items were recorded during the periods presented:
In fiscal year 2008:
•
Our fiscal year ends on the Saturday closest to December 31 and,
as a result, an additional week is added every five to six
years. Fiscal year 2008 consisted of 53 weeks ending on
January 3, 2009. All other periods presented in the table
above consisted of 52 weeks. Our fiscal year-end policy
only impacts the U.S. and Caribbean operations. The CEE
operations are based on a calendar year ending December 31,2008 and, therefore, are not impacted by the 53rd week.
Various estimates and assumptions were made to quantify the
impact of the additional week of operations. The 53rd week
contributed $52.7 million to net sales, $8.9 million
to operating income and $5.7 million to net income in
fiscal year 2008.
•
We recorded special charges and adjustments totaling
$23.0 million. We recorded $9.0 million of special
charges in the Caribbean, which consisted of severance and
impairment charges that included a $2.9 million impairment
charge related to an intangible asset and a $3.0 million
impairment of fixed assets. As a result of various realignment
initiatives, we recorded $4.1 million in the U.S. and
$1.3 million in CEE of special charges related to
severance, fixed asset impairment and lease termination costs.
We also recorded a legal contingency of $2.4 million in our
CEE operations. Additionally in fiscal year 2008, we determined
that we had improperly accounted for certain U.S. employee
benefit obligations in prior years. Accordingly, we recorded an
out-of-period
accounting adjustment of $6.2 million to increase the
benefit obligation as of the end of fiscal year 2008.
•
We recorded a discontinued operations charge of
$15.0 million ($9.2 million net of taxes) related to
revised estimates for environmental remediation, legal and
related administrative costs. In particular, we revised our
remediation plans at several sites during the year, which
resulted in an increase in the accrual for remediation costs of
$5.0 million, and we increased our accrual for legal costs
by $10.0 million.
In fiscal year 2007:
•
We recorded special charges of $6.3 million. In the U.S.,
we recorded $4.8 million of special charges primarily
related to severance and relocation costs associated with our
strategic realignment to further strengthen our customer focused
go-to-market
strategy. In CEE, we recorded special charges of
$1.5 million related to lease termination costs in Hungary
and associated severance costs.
•
We recorded a gain of $10.2 million related to the sale of
railcars and locomotives, which was reflected in “Other
expense (income), net.”
•
We recorded an
other-than-temporary
marketable securities impairment loss of $4.0 million
related to our common stock investment in Northfield
Laboratories, Inc. that is classified as
available-for-sale.
The loss was recorded in “Other expense (income), net.”
•
We recorded a discontinued operations charge of
$3.2 million ($2.1 million net of taxes). The charge
related to revised estimates for environmental remediation,
legal, and related administrative costs.
In fiscal year 2006:
•
We recorded special charges of $13.7 million. We recorded
special charges of $11.5 million in the U.S. related
to our previously announced strategic realignment of the
U.S. sales organization, primarily for severance,
relocation and other employee-related costs, including the
acceleration of vesting of certain restricted stock awards and
consulting services incurred in connection with the realignment
project. In addition, we recorded special charges in CEE of
$2.2 million. The special charges related primarily to a
reduction in the workforce and were for severance costs and
related benefits.
•
We recorded an
other-than-temporary
marketable securities impairment loss of $7.3 million
related to our common stock investment in Northfield
Laboratories, Inc. that is classified as
available-for-sale.
The loss was recorded in “Other expense (income), net.”
We recorded an expense of $6.1 million related to lease
exit costs, which resulted from the relocation of our corporate
offices in the Chicago area. This expense was recorded in
“Selling, delivery and administrative expenses.”
•
We recorded income of $16.6 million related to the proceeds
from the settlement of a class action lawsuit. The lawsuit
alleged price fixing related to high fructose corn syrup
purchased in the U.S. from July 1, 1991 through
June 30, 1995.
•
We recorded special charges in CEE of $2.5 million. The
special charges related to a reduction in the workforce and the
consolidation of certain production facilities as we
rationalized our cost structure. These special charges were
primarily for severance costs, related benefits and asset
write-downs.
•
We recorded an expense of $5.6 million related to a loss on
extinguishment of debt. During fiscal year 2005, we completed a
cash tender offer related to $550 million of our
outstanding debt. The total amount of securities tendered was
$388 million. The loss was recorded in “Interest
expense, net.”
•
We recorded a $5.6 million benefit associated with a real
estate tax refund concerning a previously sold parcel of land in
downtown Chicago. The gain was recorded in “Other expense
(income), net.”
•
We recorded a $1.1 million net benefit to net income
related to the reversal of valuation allowances for certain net
operating loss carryforwards offset by tax contingency
requirements. This net benefit was comprised of interest expense
of $0.6 million ($0.4 million net of taxes) for the
tax contingency requirements recorded in “Interest expense,
net” and $1.5 million of tax benefit recorded in
“Income taxes.”
In fiscal year 2004:
•
In CEE, we recorded special charges of $3.9 million related
to the consolidation of certain production facilities and a
reduction in the workforce. These special charges were primarily
for severance costs and related benefits, as well as asset
write-downs. Special charges are net of reversals of
approximately $0.4 million recorded in the fourth quarter
due to revisions of estimates of the related liabilities as CEE
substantially completed the plans to modify the distribution
strategy in all markets.
•
We recorded a gain of $5.2 million associated with the 2002
sale of a parcel of land in downtown Chicago. The gain reflected
the settlement and final payment on the promissory note related
to the initial sale, for which we had previously provided a full
allowance. The gain was recorded in “Other expense
(income), net.”
•
We recorded a net gain of $2.7 million relating to a state
income tax refund. This gain was comprised of $0.7 million
for consulting expenses (recorded in “Selling, delivery and
administrative expenses”), $0.8 million of interest
income (recorded in “Interest expense, net”) and
$2.6 million of income tax benefit, net (recorded in
“Income taxes”).
•
We recorded a $3.5 million benefit to net income relating
to the reversal of certain tax liabilities due to the settlement
of income tax audits through the 2002 tax year. This benefit was
comprised of interest income of $1.1 million
($0.7 million net of taxes) recorded in “Interest
expense, net” and $2.8 million of tax benefit recorded
in “Income taxes.”
Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations.
Forward-Looking
Statements
This Annual Report on
Form 10-K
contains certain forward-looking statements of expected future
developments, as defined in the Private Securities Litigation
Reform Act of 1995. The forward-looking statements in this
Annual Report on
Form 10-K
refers to our expectations regarding continuing operating
improvement and other matters. These forward-looking statements
reflect our expectations and are based on currently available
data; however, actual results are subject to future risks and
uncertainties, which could materially affect actual performance.
Risks and uncertainties that could affect such performance
include, but are not limited to, the following: competition,
including product and pricing pressures; changing trends in
consumer tastes; changes in our relationship
and/or
support programs with PepsiCo and other brand owners; market
acceptance of new product and package offerings; weather
conditions; cost and availability of raw materials; changing
legislation, including tax laws; cost and outcome of
environmental claims; availability and cost of capital including
changes in our debt ratings; labor and employee benefit costs;
unfavorable foreign currency rate fluctuations; cost and outcome
of legal proceedings; integration of acquisitions; failure of
information technology systems; and general economic, business,
regulatory and political conditions in the countries and
territories where we operate. See “Risk Factors” in
Item 1A for additional information.
These events and uncertainties are difficult or impossible to
predict accurately and many are beyond our control. We assume no
obligation to publicly release the result of any revisions that
may be made to any forward-looking statements to reflect events
or circumstances after the date of such statements or to reflect
the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events.
Executive
Overview
What We
Do
We manufacture, distribute, and market a broad portfolio of
beverage products in the U.S., CEE and the Caribbean. We sell a
variety of brands that we bottle under franchise agreements with
various brand owners, the majority with PepsiCo or PepsiCo joint
ventures. In some territories, we manufacture, package, sell and
distribute our own brands, such as Sandora, Sadochok and Toma.
We also distribute snack foods in certain markets. We serve a
significant portion of 19 states throughout the central
region of the U.S. In CEE, we serve Ukraine, Poland,
Romania, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia, with
distribution rights in Moldova, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
In addition, we have an equity investment in Agrima, which
produces, sells and distributes PepsiCo products and other
beverages in Bulgaria. In the Caribbean, we serve Puerto Rico,
Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago, with distribution rights in the
Bahamas and Barbados.
Results
of Operations
In the discussion of our results of operations below, the number
of bottle and can cases sold is referred to as volume.
Constant territory refers to the results of operations
excluding the non-comparable territories
year-over-year.
For fiscal year 2008 comparisons, this excluded the first eight
months and the first sixteen days of September for Sandora, as
we consolidated Sandora operating results starting in
mid-September 2007. For fiscal year 2007 comparisons, this
excluded the operating results of Sandora and the first seven
months of Romania, as we consolidated Romania operating results
starting in August 2006. Net pricing is net sales divided
by the number of cases and gallons sold for our core businesses,
which include bottles and cans (including bottle and can volume
from vending equipment sales), foodservice and export sales.
Changes in net pricing include the impact of sales price (or
rate) changes, as well as the impact of foreign currency and
brand, package and geographic mix. Net pricing and reported
volume amounts exclude contract, commissary, and vending (other
than bottles and cans) transactions. Contract sales represent
sales of manufactured product to other franchise bottlers and
typically decline as excess manufacturing capacity is utilized.
Net pricing and volume also exclude activity associated with
snack food products. Cost of goods sold per unit is the
cost of goods sold for our core businesses divided by the
related number of cases and gallons sold. Changes in cost of
goods sold per unit include the impact of cost changes, as well
as the impact of foreign currency and brand, package and
geographic mix.
Fiscal
Year 2008 Key Financial Results
•
Worldwide volume increased 6.8 percent, primarily due to
the incremental impact of acquisitions and constant territory
growth in CEE, partly offset by volume declines in the
U.S. and the Caribbean.
•
Worldwide net sales increased 10.2 percent, due to
acquisitions, volume growth in CEE and net selling price
increases across all markets, which included a 4.4 percent
increase on a local currency basis.
•
Worldwide cost of goods sold per unit increased
5.3 percent, primarily driven by rate which reflected raw
material cost increases across all geographies.
•
We generated operating income of $473.2 million, which
included special charges and adjustments of $23.0 million.
Operating income in fiscal year 2007 of $436.1 million
included special charges of $6.3 million.
•
We reported diluted earnings per share of $1.78 for the fiscal
year 2008, which included a loss from discontinued operations of
$0.07 and a negative $0.14 impact from special charges and
adjustments, compared to diluted earnings per share of $1.64 in
the prior year, which included a loss from discontinued
operations of $0.02.
•
The 53rd week contributed approximately 1 percentage point
of growth each to volume, net sales, cost of goods sold and
selling, delivery and administrative (“SD&A”)
expenses. The net contribution was approximately
2 percentage points to operating income and $0.04 to
diluted earnings per share.
•
The impact of foreign currency favorably benefited net sales
1.6 percentage points and operating income
4.0 percentage points, and unfavorably impacted cost of
goods sold 1.0 percentage point and SD&A expenses
2.0 percentage points.
•
The effective income tax rate decreased to 30.4 percent
from 34.3 percent in fiscal year 2007 primarily due to a
favorable country mix of pre-tax earnings.
•
We generated cash flows from operating activities of
$500.6 million in fiscal year 2008 compared to
$433.5 million in fiscal year 2007.
Our Focus
in Fiscal Year 2008
Worldwide. For fiscal year 2008, we achieved
diluted earnings per share growth of 8.5 percent. Strong
brands, a diverse geographic mix and a capable organization
contributed to our results for fiscal year 2008 despite
increasing market challenges, such as slowing global consumer
demand, tightening credit markets, weakening macroeconomic
conditions and volatility in the commodity and currency markets.
We managed through the economic pressures by executing our
pricing strategy to offset higher raw material costs and driving
sustainable cost savings through ongoing productivity
initiatives. We also benefited from the favorable impact of
foreign currency rates, a lower effective tax rate and the
Sandora acquisition.
U.S. operations. Price increases in raw
materials and changing consumer demand challenged our business
in fiscal year 2008. Non-carbonated beverage volume declined
8 percent driven by declines in the Aquafina take-home
package and lower Trademark Lipton volume. A difficult economic
environment drove declines in single-serve volume of
4 percent, due to declines in the foodservice and
convenience and gas channels. The foodservice channel represents
approximately 45 percent of our single-serve business.
Carbonated soft drink volume declined 3 percent driven by
declines in Trademark Pepsi, partly offset by growth in
Trademark Mountain Dew of almost 1 percent. We were able to
raise our average net selling price to cover higher raw material
costs, and we implemented productivity initiatives to provide
cost savings and enhance our capabilities.
International operations. Our international
markets continue to be a key driver of growth. These markets
generated approximately $1.5 billion in net sales, an
increase of 37.7 percent from the prior year. In
CEE, the acquisition of Sandora, coupled with growth in the
Romania and Poland markets, drove a 34.7 percent increase
in volume. Net selling price increases on a local currency basis
and the favorable impact of foreign currency offset higher raw
material costs.
In the Caribbean, volume declined 3.9 percent due to
continued soft economic conditions and competitive pressures in
Puerto Rico, partly offset by volume growth in Jamaica. The
operating loss was $6.6 million, a change from operating
income of $4.0 million in fiscal year 2007, driven
primarily by costs incurred for severance and asset impairments
resulting from a realignment initiative executed in fiscal year
2008.
Focusing
on Fiscal Year 2009
While we are mindful of the challenges and volatility that we
face in this uncertain economic environment, we believe that we
have the fundamentals, capability and financial strength to
navigate within this new economic landscape. We expect to face
two significant challenges in fiscal year 2009: consumers’
reaction to their economic environment and foreign currency
volatility in CEE. We have established plans that we expect will
address these challenges. In fiscal year 2009, our strategy will
be to increase our focus on core brands, productivity and
value-oriented innovation and packaging, both in the
U.S. and in CEE.
In the U.S., we have a new approach to our core brands, Pepsi,
Mountain Dew and Sierra Mist, called Refresh Everything that
includes new graphics and advertising. Our sales and marketing
calendar includes brand extensions like Sierra Mist Ruby Red
Splash, and newly added brands like Crush and ROCKSTAR Energy
Drink. We anticipate our tea portfolio will benefit from sales
of the Lipton jug package, a
value-oriented
innovation, as well as Sparkling Green Tea and Tazo. We will
introduce new graphics, flavors and formulations in our
hydration portfolio, including SoBe Lifewater and Propel.
Additionally, we will launch the new Aquafina bottle, which
supports our sustainability efforts and lowers our costs by
further
light-weighting
the bottle.
We will continue to focus on productivity initiatives and
capability through customer optimization to the third power, or
CO3, with
the goal of improving forecasting accuracy and reducing
out-of-stocks
at our customers. We are rolling out suggested order technology
and are installing global positioning systems on our trucks. We
are also taking steps to reduce controllable costs, including
specific actions that impact the compensation of our corporate
executives, as well as discretionary spending.
Lastly, we are reassessing certain package sizes and
configurations. We expect to capture more
value-oriented
consumers through a greater emphasis on different package sizes.
For carbonated soft drinks, we are assessing our new price pack
architecture where we are testing 8 and 18-pack can
configurations to replace the current 12-pack package. We are
testing the 8-pack package in certain markets, and further
differentiating this packaging by channel to match consumer
shopping behavior. We will be emphasizing the one-liter and
two-liter
carbonated soft drink and Lipton jug packages, as well as a more
value-oriented promotional calendar.
Internationally, we anticipate a decline in local country gross
domestic product growth rates and continued foreign currency
volatility. Despite these challenges, we believe there are
opportunities in the CEE market. We plan to continue spending on
advertising and marketing and introducing new products. We
expect to utilize our “feet on the street” sales force
initiative to drive new distribution opportunities and gain
higher penetration in higher margin channels. Lastly, we
continue to invest in capacity, with a new plant in Romania and
new carbonated soft drink lines in Ukraine.
To further address the challenges we face in CEE, we plan to put
a greater emphasis on value-oriented packages, categories and
promotions. We will expand our brand portfolio through the
introduction of water brands in Romania and mainstream flavored
carbonated soft drinks in Ukraine. Finally, we will address
foreign currency volatility by increasing our net pricing on a
local currency basis, reducing costs, and mitigating volatility
with hedges, which were executed during fiscal year 2008.
Our ability to generate significant operating cash flow makes
several options available to us, including reinvesting in our
existing business, reducing debt, repurchasing our stock, paying
dividends and pursuing
acquisitions with an appropriate expected economic return. We
will continue to examine the optimal uses of cash to maximize
shareholder value.
The above overview should not be considered by itself in
determining full disclosure and should be read in conjunction
with the other sections of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
Items Impacting
Comparability
Acquisitions
In fiscal year 2007, we formed a joint venture with PepsiCo to
acquire an interest in Sandora, the leading juice company in
Ukraine. Under the terms of the joint venture agreement, we hold
a 60 percent interest and PepsiCo holds a 40 percent
interest. In August 2007, the joint venture acquired
80 percent of Sandora. In November 2007, the joint venture
completed the acquisition of the remaining 20 percent
interest. Beginning in September 2007, we fully consolidated the
results of operations of the joint venture and report minority
interest in our Consolidated Financial Statements. Due to the
timing of the receipt of available financial information, we
record results on a one-month lag basis.
In the third quarter of 2007, we purchased a 20 percent
interest in a joint venture that owns Agrima. Agrima produces,
sells and distributes PepsiCo products and other beverages
throughout Bulgaria. We record equity in net earnings (loss) of
nonconsolidated companies in our Consolidated Financial
Statements. Due to the timing of the receipt of available
financial information, we record results on a one-quarter lag
basis.
Special
Charges and Adjustments
In fiscal year 2008, we recorded special charges and adjustments
totaling $23.0 million. We recorded special charges of
$16.8 million. In the Caribbean, we recorded
$9.0 million of special charges, which consisted of
severance and impairment charges that included a
$2.9 million impairment charge related to an intangible
asset and a $3.0 million impairment of fixed assets. As a
result of various realignment initiatives, we recorded special
charges of $4.1 million in the U.S. and
$1.3 million in CEE related to severance, fixed asset
impairment and lease termination costs. We also recorded a legal
contingency of $2.4 million in our CEE operations.
In fiscal year 2008, we determined that we had improperly
accounted for certain U.S. employee benefit obligations in
prior years. Accordingly, we recorded an
out-of-period
accounting adjustment of $6.2 million to properly state the
benefit obligation as of the end of fiscal year 2008. This
adjustment was recorded as an increase in “Other current
liabilities” in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
In fiscal year 2007, we recorded special charges of
$6.3 million. In the U.S., we recorded $4.8 million of
special charges primarily related to severance and relocation
costs associated with our strategic realignment to further
strengthen our customer focused
go-to-market
strategy. In CEE, we recorded special charges of
$1.5 million related to lease termination costs in Hungary
and associated severance costs.
In fiscal year 2006, we recorded special charges of
$13.7 million. We recorded special charges of
$11.5 million in the U.S. related to our previously
announced strategic realignment of the U.S. sales
organization, primarily for severance, relocation and other
employee-related costs, including the acceleration of vesting of
certain restricted stock awards and consulting services incurred
in connection with the realignment project. In addition, we
recorded special charges in CEE of $2.2 million. The
special charges related primarily to a reduction in the
workforce and were for severance costs and related benefits.
Marketable
Securities Impairment
In fiscal years 2007 and 2006, we recorded
other-than-temporary
impairment losses of $4.0 million and $7.3 million,
respectively, related to a common stock investment that is
classified as
available-for-sale
on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The losses were recorded in
“Other expense, net.”
In fiscal year 2007, we recorded a gain of $10.2 million
related to the sale of non-core property, which consisted of
railcars and locomotives. The gain was recorded in “Other
expense, net.”
53rd
Week
Our U.S. and Caribbean operations end their fiscal year on
the Saturday closest to December 31, and as a result, a
53rd week is added every five or six years. Fiscal year 2008
consisted of 53 weeks while fiscal years 2007 and 2006 each
consisted of 52 weeks. Various estimates and assumptions
were made to quantify the impact of the additional week of
operations. The table below summarizes the impact of the 53rd
week on fiscal year 2008 (in millions):
In fiscal year 2008, worldwide volume increased 6.8 percent
compared to the prior year. The increase in worldwide volume was
primarily due to the incremental impact of acquisitions and
constant territory growth in CEE, partly offset by volume
declines in the U.S. and the Caribbean.
Volume in the U.S. declined 2.7 percent in fiscal year
2008 compared to fiscal year 2007 due, in part, to a decline in
carbonated soft drink volume of 3 percent. Single-serve
volume declined 4 percent due mainly to softness in the
foodservice and convenience and gas channels. The non-carbonated
beverage category declined 8 percent, driven by a
15 percent volume decline in Aquafina due primarily to
declines in take-home package and an 11 percent decline in
the tea category. The decrease in volume was partly offset by
the 53rd week contribution of 1.4 percentage points.
Volume in CEE increased 34.7 percent in fiscal year 2008
compared to fiscal year 2007. The increase was primarily due to
the Sandora acquisition, which contributed 32.1 percentage
points of the increase. The remaining growth in CEE was led by
high single-digit growth in Romania and mid single-digit growth
in Poland.
Volume in the Caribbean declined 3.9 percent in fiscal year
2008 compared to fiscal year 2007, driven mainly by a weaker
economy and competitive pressures in Puerto Rico, partly offset
by volume growth in Jamaica together with the 53rd week
contribution of 2.0 percentage points.
The amounts in this table represent the dollar impact on net
sales due to changes in volume and are not intended to equal the
absolute change in volume.
Net Pricing Growth **
2008
2007
U.S.
4.1
%
5.1
%
CEE
12.6
%
19.2
%
Caribbean
4.6
%
5.6
%
Worldwide
4.2
%
4.8
%
**
Includes the impact from acquisitions and currency translation
on core net sales.
Net sales increased $457.7 million, or 10.2 percent,
to $4,937.2 million in fiscal year 2008 compared to
$4,479.5 million in fiscal year 2007. The increase was
mainly attributable to acquisitions, worldwide increases in net
pricing on a local currency basis, the favorable impact of
foreign currency translation and the impact of the
53rd week, partly offset by volume declines.
Net sales in the U.S. in fiscal year 2008 increased
$45.0 million, or 1.3 percent, to
$3,429.9 million from $3,384.9 million in fiscal year
2007. The increase in net sales was primarily due to a
4.1 percent increase in net pricing primarily driven by
rate increases to cover higher raw material costs, partly offset
by a decline in volume. The 53rd week contributed
1.4 percentage points of the increase.
Net sales in CEE in fiscal year 2008 increased
$411.5 million, or 48.4 percent, to
$1,260.9 million from $849.4 million in fiscal year
2007. The increase was primarily due to acquisitions, which
contributed 32.3 percentage points of the increase. Foreign
currency translation contributed 9.4 percentage points to
the increase in net sales. The remaining increase in net sales
was due to volume growth, partly offset by a decline in non-core
sales. Net pricing increased 6.0 percent on a local
currency basis, driven by rate increases and product mix.
Net sales in the Caribbean increased $1.2 million, or
0.5 percent, in fiscal year 2008 to $246.4 million
from $245.2 million in fiscal year 2007. The increase was a
result of an increase in net pricing of 4.6 percent and the
53rd week, which contributed 1.7 percentage points to
net sales. The increase in net sales was partly offset by a
volume decline of 3.9 percent.
Cost of Goods Sold. Cost of goods sold
and cost of goods sold per unit statistics for fiscal years 2008
and 2007 were as follows (dollar amounts in millions):
Cost of Goods Sold
2008
2007
Change
U.S.
$
2,015.4
$
1,982.0
1.7
%
CEE
755.6
491.4
53.8
%
Caribbean
184.6
182.8
1.0
%
Worldwide
$
2,955.6
$
2,656.2
11.3
%
2008 Compared to 2007
Cost of Goods Sold Change
U.S.
CEE
Caribbean
Worldwide
Impact of 53rd week
1.4
%
—
1.8
%
1.2
%
Volume impact *
(3.4
)%
2.3
%
(5.0
)%
(2.1
)%
Cost per case, excluding impact of currency translation
4.4
%
5.4
%
8.4
%
4.3
%
Currency translation
—
6.9
%
(3.3
)%
1.0
%
Acquisitions
—
41.1
%
—
7.6
%
Non-core
(0.7
)%
(1.9
)%
(0.9
)%
(0.7
)%
Change in cost of goods sold
1.7
%
53.8
%
1.0
%
11.3
%
*
The amounts in this table represent the dollar impact on cost of
goods sold due to changes in volume and are not intended to
equal the absolute change in volume.
Cost of Goods Sold per Unit Increase **
2008
2007
U.S
4.4
%
5.2
%
CEE
17.0
%
13.0
%
Caribbean
4.9
%
5.6
%
Worldwide
5.3
%
3.9
%
**
Includes the impact from acquisitions and currency translation
on core cost of goods sold.
Cost of goods sold increased $299.4 million, or
11.3 percent, to $2,955.6 million in fiscal year 2008
from $2,656.2 million in fiscal year 2007. This increase
was driven primarily by acquisitions, higher raw material costs
and the negative impact of foreign currency translation. The
53rd week contributed 1.2 percentage points of the
increase. Cost of goods sold per unit increased 5.3 percent
during fiscal year 2008 compared to fiscal year 2007.
In the U.S., cost of goods sold increased $33.4 million, or
1.7 percent, to $2,015.4 million in fiscal year 2008
from $1,982.0 million in the prior year. Cost of goods sold
per unit increased 4.4 percent in the U.S., primarily due
to higher raw material costs, as well as the impact of mix,
partly offset by a decline in volume. The 53rd week
contributed 1.4 percentage points of the increase.
In CEE, cost of goods sold increased $264.2 million, or
53.8 percent, to $755.6 million in fiscal year 2008,
compared to $491.4 million in the prior year. The increase
was primarily due to acquisitions, which contributed
41.1 percentage points of the increase, while the impact of
foreign currency translation contributed 6.9 percentage
points to the increase in cost of goods sold. Cost of goods sold
per unit increased 5.4 percent on a local currency basis in
fiscal year 2008 compared to fiscal year 2007 due to higher raw
material costs.
In the Caribbean, cost of goods sold increased
$1.8 million, or 1.0 percent, to $184.6 million
in fiscal year 2008, compared to $182.8 million in fiscal
year 2007. The increase was mainly driven by an increase in cost
of goods sold per unit of 4.9 percent, attributable to
higher raw material and energy costs. The 53rd week
contributed 1.8 percentage points of the increase.
Selling, Delivery and Administrative
Expenses. SD&A expenses and SD&A
expense statistics for fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were as
follows (dollar amounts in millions):
SD&A Expenses
2008
2007
Change
U.S.
$
1,079.8
$
1,066.5
1.2
%
CEE
346.2
256.0
35.2
%
Caribbean
59.4
58.4
1.7
%
Worldwide
$
1,485.4
$
1,380.9
7.6
%
2008 Compared to 2007
SD&A Expense Change
U.S.
CEE
Caribbean
Worldwide
Impact of 53rd week
1.1
%
—
1.5
%
0.9
%
Cost impact, excluding impact of currency translation
0.1
%
7.5
%
3.6
%
1.6
%
Currency translation
—
11.3
%
(3.4
)%
2.0
%
Acquisitions
—
16.4
%
—
3.1
%
Change in SD&A expense
1.2
%
35.2
%
1.7
%
7.6
%
SD&A Expenses as a Percent of Net Sales
2008
2007
U.S.
31.5
%
31.5
%
CEE
27.5
%
30.1
%
Caribbean
24.1
%
23.8
%
Worldwide
30.1
%
30.8
%
In fiscal year 2008, SD&A expenses increased
$104.5 million, or 7.6 percent, to
$1,485.4 million from $1,380.9 million in fiscal year
2007. As a percentage of net sales, SD&A expenses decreased
to 30.1 percent during the fiscal year 2008, compared to
30.8 percent in fiscal year 2007, caused by the impact of
acquisitions and effective cost management.
In the U.S., SD&A expenses increased $13.3 million, or
1.2 percent, to $1,079.8 million in fiscal year 2008,
compared to $1,066.5 million in the prior year. SD&A
expenses increased during fiscal year 2008 due to an increase in
fuel costs, partly offset by favorable compensation and benefit
expenses and the impact of productivity initiatives. The
53rd week contributed 1.1 percentage points of the
increase.
In CEE, SD&A expenses increased $90.2 million, or
35.2 percent, to $346.2 million from
$256.0 million in the prior year. Acquisitions contributed
16.4 percentage points of the increase and foreign currency
translation contributed 11.3 percent. As a percentage of
net sales, SD&A expense improved to 27.5 percent
compared to 30.1 percent during fiscal year 2007, primarily
due to lower overall operating costs for Sandora as compared to
the other markets in CEE.
In the Caribbean, SD&A expenses increased
$1.0 million, or 1.7 percent, to $59.4 million in
fiscal year 2008 from $58.4 million in the prior year. The
53rd week contributed 1.5 percentage points of this
increase. SD&A expenses as a percentage of net sales of
24.1 percent in fiscal year 2008 was comparable to the
prior year results.
Operating Income (Loss). Operating
income (loss) for fiscal years 2008 and 2007 was as follows
(dollar amounts in millions):
Operating results, excluding impact of currency translation
(4.9
)%
6.7
%
(269.9
)%
(4.6
)%
Currency translation
—
17.3
%
2.3
%
4.0
%
Acquisitions
—
30.6
%
—
7.0
%
Change in operating income (loss)
(2.2
)%
54.6
%
(265.0
)%
8.5
%
Operating income increased $37.1 million, or
8.5 percent, to $473.2 million in fiscal year 2008,
compared to $436.1 million in fiscal year 2007.
Operating income in the U.S. decreased $7.2 million,
or 2.2 percent, to $324.4 million in fiscal year 2008,
compared to $331.6 million in fiscal year 2007. The
decrease was primarily due to lower volume, higher cost of goods
sold, higher SD&A expenses and special charges and
adjustments. The decrease was partly offset by increases in net
pricing and the contribution from the 53rd week.
Operating income in CEE increased $54.9 million, or
54.6 percent, to $155.4 million in fiscal year 2008,
compared to operating income of $100.5 million in fiscal
year 2007. This was mainly due to the beneficial impact of
acquisitions, foreign currency translation and increases in net
pricing on a local currency basis.
Operating income in the Caribbean decreased $10.6 million
to an operating loss of $6.6 million in fiscal year 2008,
compared to operating income of $4.0 million in fiscal year
2007, due to special charges and higher raw material and energy
costs.
Interest Expense, Net and Other Expense,
Net. Net interest expense increased
$1.9 million in fiscal year 2008 to $111.1 million,
compared to $109.2 million in fiscal year 2007. The
increase was mainly due to higher overall debt levels related to
acquisitions, partly offset by higher interest income.
We recorded other expense, net, of $7.9 million in fiscal
year 2008 compared to other expense, net, of $0.6 million
reported in fiscal year 2007. Foreign currency transaction gains
were $0.5 million in the fiscal year 2008 compared to
$0.9 million in fiscal year 2007. The foreign currency
transaction gains were offset by other expenses. The prior year
results included a $10.2 million gain on the sale of
non-core property and a $4.0 million other-than-temporary
impairment loss related to a marketable security investment.
Income Taxes. The effective income tax
rate, which is income tax expense expressed as a percentage of
income from continuing operations before income taxes, minority
interest and equity in net (loss) earnings of nonconsolidated
companies, was 30.4 percent in fiscal year 2008, compared
to 34.3 percent in fiscal year 2007. The lower tax rate was
due primarily to favorable country mix of earnings and the
associated lower
in-country
tax rates. In addition, we recorded favorable adjustments
associated with the filing of our 2007 U.S. federal income
tax return, an investment tax credit in the Czech Republic and a
reduction in accruals for uncertain tax positions. These items
provided 1.8 percentage points of favorability to the
effective income tax rate in fiscal year 2008.
Minority Interest. We fully
consolidated the operating results of Sandora and the Bahamas in
our Consolidated Statements of Income. Minority interest
represented 40 percent of Sandora results and
30 percent of the Bahamas results attributed to interests
owned by others during fiscal years 2008 and 2007.
Equity in Net Loss of Nonconsolidated
Companies. In fiscal year 2007, we purchased
a 20 percent interest in a joint venture that owns Agrima.
Equity in net loss of nonconsolidated companies was
$1.1 million in fiscal year 2008.
Loss on Discontinued Operations. In
fiscal year 2008, we recorded a charge of $15.0 million
($9.2 million net of taxes) related to revised estimates
for the costs of environmental remediation, legal and related
administrative costs. In particular, we revised our remediation
plans at several sites during the year resulting in a
$5.0 million increase in the accrual for remediation costs
and a $10.0 million increase in our accrual for legal
costs. These legal costs also include defense costs associated
with toxic tort matters.
In fiscal year 2007, we recorded a charge of $3.2 million
($2.1 million net of taxes) related to revised estimates
for environmental remediation, legal and related administrative
costs.
Net Income. Net income increased
$14.3 million to $226.4 million in fiscal year 2008,
compared to $212.1 million in fiscal year 2007. The
53rd week contributed $5.7 million of the increase.
The discussion of our operating results, included above,
explains the remainder of the increase in net income.
Operating
Results — 2007 compared with 2006
Volume. Sales volume growth (decline)
for fiscal years 2007 and 2006 were as follows:
Volume
2007
2006
U.S.
(1.4
)%
0.6
%
CEE
49.5
%
34.5
%
Caribbean
(5.0
)%
1.6
%
Worldwide
7.8
%
5.6
%
2007 Compared to 2006
Volume Change
U.S.
CEE
Caribbean
Worldwide
Constant territory volume
(1.4
)%
7.9
%
(5.0
)%
0.1
%
Acquisitions
—
41.6
%
—
7.7
%
Change in volume
(1.4
)%
49.5
%
(5.0
)%
7.8
%
In fiscal year 2007, worldwide volume increased 7.8 percent
compared to the prior year. The increase in worldwide volume was
attributable to volume growth of 49.5 percent in CEE, due
to the incremental impact of acquisitions and constant territory
growth, which was partly offset by volume declines in the
U.S. and the Caribbean.
Volume in the U.S. declined 1.4 percent compared to
fiscal year 2006 due to a decline in carbonated soft drink
volume of approximately 4 percent, which was consistent
with fiscal year 2006. The non-carbonated beverage category,
excluding water, grew approximately 17 percent driven
primarily by Trademark Lipton. Aquafina volume grew
1.5 percent in fiscal year 2007. Non-carbonated beverages
represented 20 percent of our volume mix during fiscal year
2007 compared to 18 percent in the prior year. Single-serve
volume grew 1 percent due mainly to innovation, including
Diet Pepsi Max and Mountain Dew Game Fuel, and strong marketing
programs.
Volume in CEE increased 49.5 percent in fiscal year 2007
compared to fiscal year 2006. The increase was primarily due to
acquisitions, which contributed 41.6 percentage points of
the increase. The remaining growth in CEE was due to growth in
the non-carbonated beverage category, driven by double-digit
growth in Trademark Lipton and juices and single-digit growth in
the water category. Carbonated soft drink volume grew in the
mid-single digits due to growth in Trademark Pepsi.
Volume in the Caribbean declined 5.0 percent in fiscal year
2007 compared to fiscal year 2006. The volume decline was driven
primarily by soft economic conditions and competitive pressures
in Puerto Rico, partly offset by volume growth in Jamaica.
Carbonated soft drink volume declined 11 percent and was
partly offset by double-digit growth in non-carbonated beverages.
Net Sales. Net sales and net pricing
statistics for fiscal years 2007 and 2006 were as follows
(dollar amounts in millions):
Net Sales
2007
2006
Change
U.S.
$
3,384.9
$
3,245.8
4.3
%
CEE
849.4
484.1
75.5
%
Caribbean
245.2
242.5
1.1
%
Worldwide
$
4,479.5
$
3,972.4
12.8
%
2007 Compared to 2006
Net Sales Change
U.S.
CEE
Caribbean
Worldwide
Volume impact *
(1.2
)%
7.1
%
(4.3
)%
0.1
%
Net price per case, excluding impact of currency translation
5.1
%
4.6
%
6.8
%
4.7
%
Currency translation
—
15.9
%
(1.2
)%
1.9
%
Acquisitions
—
45.3
%
—
5.6
%
Non-core
0.4
%
2.6
%
(0.2
)%
0.5
%
Change in net sales
4.3
%
75.5
%
1.1
%
12.8
%
*
The amounts in this table represent the dollar impact on net
sales due to changes in volume and are not intended to equal the
absolute change in volume.
Net Pricing Growth **
2007
2006
U.S.
5.1
%
1.1
%
CEE
19.2
%
7.2
%
Caribbean
5.6
%
5.4
%
Worldwide
4.8
%
0.5
%
**
Includes the impact from acquisitions and currency translation
on core net sales.
Net sales increased $507.1 million, or 12.8 percent,
to $4,479.5 million in fiscal year 2007 compared to
$3,972.4 million in fiscal year 2006. The increase was
primarily due to acquisitions, worldwide rate and mix increases,
volume growth in CEE and the favorable impact of foreign
currency translation, which added 1.9 percentage points of
the increase.
Net sales in the U.S. in fiscal year 2007 increased
$139.1 million, or 4.3 percent, to
$3,384.9 million from $3,245.8 million in fiscal year
2006. The increase in net sales was due to a 5.1 percent
increase in net pricing, driven primarily by rate increases
necessary to cover the higher raw material costs, partly offset
by a decline in volume. Package mix also positively contributed
to net pricing by approximately 1 percent due to stronger
single-serve package and non-carbonated beverage performance and
lower take-home water volume.
Net sales in CEE in fiscal year 2007 increased
$365.3 million, or 75.5 percent, to
$849.4 million from $484.1 million in fiscal year
2006. The increase was primarily due to acquisitions, which
contributed 45.3 percentage points of the increase. The
remainder of the growth was contributed by our existing markets,
led by Romania and Poland. Net pricing increased
19.2 percent, driven by the favorable impact of foreign
currency translation and improvement in mix.
Net sales in the Caribbean increased $2.7 million, or
1.1 percent, in fiscal year 2007 to $245.2 million
from $242.5 million in fiscal year 2006. The increase was a
result of an increase in net pricing of 5.6 percent, partly
offset by a volume decline of 5.0 percent. The increase in
net pricing was driven by both rate and mix increases and from
growth in the single-serve package.
Cost of Goods Sold. Cost of goods sold
and cost of goods sold per unit statistics for fiscal years 2007
and 2006 were as follows (dollar amounts in millions):
Cost of Goods Sold
2007
2006
Change
U.S.
$
1,982.0
$
1,891.6
4.8
%
CEE
491.4
292.7
67.9
%
Caribbean
182.8
180.0
1.6
%
Worldwide
$
2,656.2
$
2,364.3
12.3
%
2007 Compared to 2006
Cost of Goods Sold Change
U.S.
CEE
Caribbean
Worldwide
Volume impact *
(1.1
)%
7.0
%
(4.3
)%
0.1
%
Cost per case, excluding impact of currency translation
5.2
%
1.3
%
6.8
%
4.1
%
Currency translation
—
10.4
%
(1.2
)%
1.2
%
Acquisitions
—
46.0
%
—
5.7
%
Non-core
0.7
%
3.2
%
0.3
%
1.2
%
Change in cost of goods sold
4.8
%
67.9
%
1.6
%
12.3
%
*
The amounts in this table represent the dollar impact on cost of
goods sold due to changes in volume and are not intended to
equal the absolute change in volume.
Cost of Goods Sold per Unit Increase **
2007
2006
U.S.
5.2
%
4.3
%
CEE
13.0
%
5.4
%
Caribbean
5.6
%
6.4
%
Worldwide
3.9
%
3.2
%
**
Includes the impact from acquisitions and currency translation
on core cost of goods sold.
Cost of goods sold increased $291.9 million, or
12.3 percent, to $2,656.2 million in fiscal year 2007
from $2,364.3 million in fiscal year 2006. This increase
was driven primarily by the impact of acquisitions, higher raw
material costs and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency
translation, which added 1.2 percentage points to the
increase.
In the U.S., cost of goods sold increased $90.4 million, or
4.8 percent, to $1,982.0 million in fiscal year 2007
from $1,891.6 million in the prior year. Cost of goods sold
per unit increased 5.2 percent in the U.S., due to price
increases in ingredient costs and a 1 percentage point
increase in mix due to a shift to more expensive non-carbonated
beverages.
In CEE, cost of goods sold increased $198.7 million, or
67.9 percent, to $491.4 million in fiscal year 2007,
compared to $292.7 million in the prior year. Acquisitions
contributed 46.0 percentage points of the increase.
Constant territory volume growth of 7.9 percent and higher
ingredient costs also contributed to the increase in cost of
goods sold. The remainder of the increase was mainly due to the
unfavorable impact of foreign currency translation, which
contributed 10.4 percentage points to the increase in cost
of goods sold.
In the Caribbean, cost of goods sold increased
$2.8 million, or 1.6 percent, to $182.8 million
in fiscal year 2007, compared to $180.0 million in fiscal
year 2006. The increase was mainly driven by an increase in cost
of goods sold per unit of 5.6 percent, attributable to
increases in the price of raw materials, partly offset by a
volume decline of 5.0 percent.
Selling, Delivery and Administrative
Expenses. SD&A expenses and SD&A
expense statistics for fiscal years 2007 and 2006 were as
follows (dollar amounts in millions):
SD&A Expenses
2007
2006
Change
U.S.
$
1,066.5
$
1,012.6
5.3
%
CEE
256.0
168.3
52.1
%
Caribbean
58.4
57.5
1.6
%
Worldwide
$
1,380.9
$
1,238.4
11.5
%
2007 Compared to 2006
SD&A Expense Change
U.S.
CEE
Caribbean
Worldwide
Cost impact, excluding impact of currency translation
In fiscal year 2007, SD&A expenses increased
$142.5 million, or 11.5 percent, to
$1,380.9 million from $1,238.4 million in the previous
year. The unfavorable impact of foreign currency translation
added 1.8 percentage points of the increase. As a
percentage of net sales, SD&A expenses decreased to
30.8 percent in fiscal year 2007, compared to
31.2 percent in fiscal year 2006 due primarily to lower
operating costs in Romania.
In the U.S., SD&A expenses increased $53.9 million, or
5.3 percent, to $1,066.5 million in fiscal year 2007,
compared to $1,012.6 million in the prior year. As a
percentage of net sales, SD&A expenses were
31.5 percent in fiscal year 2007 compared to
31.2 percent in the prior year. SD&A expenses
increased in fiscal year 2007 primarily due to higher
compensation and benefit costs. In fiscal year 2007, SD&A
expenses also included $3.8 million in realized gains from
the settlement of derivative financial instruments. These
instruments were used to manage the risks associated with the
variability in the market price for forecasted purchases of
diesel fuel. Comparisons between periods were also impacted by
various items in fiscal year 2006, including a $3.7 million
benefit recorded as a result of a change in our estimate of
healthcare costs and a $9.0 million benefit from lower
medical costs, partly offset by a fixed asset charge of
$6.5 million for marketing and merchandising equipment.
In CEE, SD&A expenses increased $87.7 million, or
52.1 percent, to $256.0 million from
$168.3 million in the prior year. Acquisitions contributed
29.1 percentage points of this increase. The remainder of
the increase was due to the unfavorable impact of foreign
currency translation, volume growth and higher advertising and
marketing expenses. As a percentage of net sales, SD&A
expenses improved to 30.1 percent compared to
34.8 percent in the prior year, primarily due to lower
overall operating costs in Romania as compared to the other
markets in CEE.
In the Caribbean, SD&A expenses increased
$0.9 million, or 1.6 percent, to $58.4 million in
fiscal year 2007 from $57.5 million in the prior year.
SD&A expenses as a percentage of net sales in fiscal year
2007 were essentially flat compared to the prior year.
Operating Income. Operating income for
fiscal years 2007 and 2006 was as follows (dollar amounts in
millions):
Operating Income
2007
2006
Change
U.S.
$
331.6
$
330.1
0.5
%
CEE
100.5
20.9
380.9
%
Caribbean
4.0
5.0
(20.0
)%
Worldwide
$
436.1
$
356.0
22.5
%
2007 Compared to 2006
Operating Income Change
U.S.
CEE
Caribbean
Worldwide
Operating results, excluding impact of currency translation
0.5
%
96.9
%
(14.1
)%
5.8
%
Currency translation
—
113.1
%
(5.9
)%
6.7
%
Acquisitions
—
170.9
%
—
10.0
%
Change in operating income
0.5
%
380.9
%
(20.0
)%
22.5
%
Operating income increased $80.1 million, or
22.5 percent, to $436.1 million in fiscal year 2007,
compared to $356.0 million in fiscal year 2006. The
favorable impact of foreign currency translation added
6.7 percentage points to the growth in worldwide operating
income and acquisitions added 10.0 percentage points of
growth.
Operating income in the U.S. increased $1.5 million to
$331.6 million in fiscal year 2007, compared to
$330.1 million in fiscal year 2006. The increase was due to
lower special charges and higher net pricing, partly offset by
volume declines, higher cost of goods sold and higher SD&A
expenses.
Operating income in CEE increased $79.6 million to
$100.5 million in fiscal year 2007, compared to
$20.9 million in fiscal year 2006. This increase was
primarily due to acquisitions, the beneficial impact of foreign
currency, volume growth and increases in net pricing.
Operating income in the Caribbean decreased $1.0 million to
$4.0 million in fiscal year 2007, compared to
$5.0 million in fiscal year 2006. The decline in operating
income was caused by the soft economic environment in Puerto
Rico, which was partly offset by operating income growth in
Jamaica.
Interest Expense, Net and Other Expense,
Net. Net interest expense increased
$7.9 million in fiscal year 2007 to $109.2 million,
compared to $101.3 million in fiscal year 2006, due
primarily to higher interest rates on floating rate debt and
higher overall debt levels related to our acquisitions, partly
offset by lower interest expense related to our securitization
program.
We recorded other expense, net, of $0.6 million in fiscal
year 2007 compared to other expense, net, of $11.7 million
reported in fiscal year 2006. The decrease in other expense,
net, was due primarily to a $10.2 million gain on the sale
of non-core property in fiscal year 2007, offset partly by a
$4.0 million
other-than-temporary
impairment related to an equity security investment in
Northfield Laboratories, Inc.
Income Taxes. The effective income tax
rate, which is income tax expense expressed as a percentage of
income from continuing operations before income taxes, minority
interest and equity in net earnings of nonconsolidated
companies, was 34.3 percent in fiscal year 2007, compared
to 37.2 percent in fiscal year 2006. The effective tax rate
decreased from the prior year due, in part, to the mix of
country results and the associated lower in-country tax rates.
The effective income tax rate was also favorably impacted by a
reorganization of the legal entity structure in CEE in the
second quarter of 2007.
Minority Interest. We fully
consolidated the operating results of Sandora and the Bahamas in
our Consolidated Statements of Income. Minority interest
represented 40 percent of Sandora results and
30 percent of the Bahamas results attributed to interests
owned by others during fiscal year 2007.
Equity in Net Earnings of Nonconsolidated
Companies. In the second quarter of 2005, we
acquired a 49 percent interest in
Quadrant-Amroq
Bottling Company Limited (“QABCL”), which through its
subsidiaries produces, sells and distributes Pepsi and other
beverages throughout Romania. Equity in net earnings of
nonconsolidated companies was $5.6 million in fiscal year
2006. With the acquisition of the remaining 51 percent, we
consolidated QABCL results beginning in the third quarter of
fiscal year 2006.
Loss on Discontinued Operations. In
fiscal year 2007, we recorded a charge of $3.2 million
($2.1 million net of taxes), related to revised estimates
for environmental remediation, legal and related administrative
costs.
Net Income. Net income increased
$53.8 million to $212.1 million in fiscal year 2007,
compared to $158.3 million in fiscal year 2006. The
discussion of our operating results, included above, explains
the increase in net income.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Operating Activities. Net cash provided
by operating activities of continuing operations increased by
$67.1 million to $500.6 million in fiscal year 2008,
compared to $433.5 million in fiscal year 2007. This
increase can mainly be attributed to the favorable
year-over-year benefit from changes in primary working capital,
higher net income and reduced cash outlays related to special
charges. The changes in primary working capital were attributed
to strong management of the components of primary working
capital, namely inventory, accounts receivable and accounts
payable.
Net cash provided by operating activities was unfavorably
impacted by higher compensation-related benefit payments and a
year-over-year increase in contributions made to our pension
plans. We contributed $4.0 million to our pension plans in
fiscal year 2008 compared to $0.9 million in fiscal year
2007. We expect to make contributions of approximately
$12 million in fiscal year 2009. Increased pension plan
contributions may extend into future years if current market
conditions persist or deteriorate further.
Investing Activities. Investing
activities during fiscal year 2008 included capital investments
of $248.9 million, a decrease of $15.7 million from
capital investments of $264.6 million in fiscal year 2007.
Capital spending in fiscal year 2009 is expected to be
approximately $275 million.
In fiscal year 2007, we entered into a joint venture agreement
with PepsiCo to purchase the outstanding common stock of
Sandora. Under the terms of the joint venture agreement, we hold
a 60 percent interest and PepsiCo holds a 40 percent
interest in the joint venture. The preliminary purchase price of
$679.4 million increased to $680.4 million as a result
of additional payments for acquisition costs in fiscal year
2008. The total purchase price of $680.4 million was net of
cash received of $3.0 million. Of the total purchase price,
our interest was $408.2 million. Additionally, the joint
venture acquired $72.5 million of debt as part of the
acquisition, which was retired in fiscal year 2008.
In fiscal year 2007, we purchased a 20 percent interest in
a joint venture that owns Agrima, which produces, sells and
distributes PepsiCo products and other beverages throughout
Bulgaria.
In fiscal year 2005, we acquired 49 percent of the outstanding
stock of QABCL for $51.0 million. During fiscal year 2006,
we acquired the remaining 51 percent of the outstanding stock of
QABCL for $81.9 million, net of $17.0 million cash
acquired. We acquired $55.4 million of debt as part of the
acquisition. The increased purchase price for the remainder of
QABCL was due to the improved operating performance subsequent
to the initial acquisition of our 49 percent minority
investment.
In fiscal year 2006, we also completed the acquisition of Ardea
Beverage Co., the maker of the airforce Nutrisoda line of drinks
for $6.6 million. The purchase agreement contained
contingent consideration of $3.3 million that was finalized
and paid in fiscal year 2007.
Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment in fiscal year
2008 were $7.5 million compared to $29.2 million in
fiscal year 2007. In fiscal year 2007, we received proceeds of
$20.7 million related to the sale of non-core property,
which consisted of railcars and locomotives.
Financing Activities. Our total debt
increased $26.2 million to $2,167.3 million as of the
end of fiscal year 2008, from $2,141.1 million as of the
end of fiscal year 2007. The increase in total debt was driven
by our commercial paper borrowings, which were used primarily
for general corporate purposes. In fiscal year 2008, we repaid
$47.5 million of long-term debt that was acquired as part
of the Sandora acquisition. Included in this payment was
$2.5 million of prepayment penalty fees. We received
$26.0 million from PepsiCo that included its portion of the
debt repayment. This cash receipt is reflected in financing
activities in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
In fiscal year 2007, we issued $300 million of notes with a
coupon rate of 5.75 percent due July 2012. The securities
are unsecured, senior debt obligations and rank equally with all
other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. Net proceeds
from this transaction were $297.2 million, which reflected
the discount reduction of $0.8 million and the debt
issuance costs of $2.0 million. The net proceeds from the
issuance of the notes were used to fund the acquisition of
Sandora, to repay commercial paper and for other general
corporate purposes. In fiscal year 2007, we also borrowed
$1.0 million in long-term debt in the Bahamas.
In fiscal year 2006, we issued $250 million of notes with a
coupon rate of 5.625 percent due May 2011. Net proceeds
from this issuance were $247.4 million, which included a
reduction for discount and issuance costs. The proceeds from the
issuance were used primarily to repay our commercial paper
obligations and for other general corporate purposes.
We utilize revolving credit facilities both in the U.S. and
in our international operations to fund short-term financing
needs, primarily for working capital and general corporate
purposes. In the U.S., we have an unsecured revolving credit
facility under which we can borrow up to an aggregate of
$600 million. The facility is for general corporate
purposes, including commercial paper backstop. It is our policy
to maintain a committed bank facility as backup financing for
our commercial paper program. The interest rates on the
revolving credit facility, which expires in 2011, are based
primarily on the London Interbank Offered Rate. Accordingly, we
have a total of $600 million available under our commercial
paper program and revolving credit facility combined. We had
$365.0 million of commercial paper borrowings as of the end
of fiscal year 2008, compared to $269.5 million as of the
end of fiscal year 2007.
Certain wholly-owned subsidiaries maintain operating lines of
credit for general operating needs. Interest rates are based
primarily upon Interbank Offered Rates for borrowings in the
subsidiaries’ local currencies. The outstanding balances
were $1.6 million and $19.3 million as of the end of
fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively, and were recorded in
“Short-term debt, including current maturities of long-term
debt” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
We continue to execute our strategy to repurchase shares of our
common stock. In fiscal year 2008, our Board of Directors
authorized the repurchase of 10 million additional shares
under our previously authorized repurchase program. As of the
end of fiscal year 2008, 11.5 million shares remained
available for repurchase under the 2008 and 2005 authorizations.
During fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, we repurchased a total
of 5.7 million, 2.7 million and 6.3 million
shares of our common stock, respectively, for an aggregate
purchase price of $135.0 million, $59.4 million and
$150.7 million, respectively.
Our Board of Directors declared quarterly dividends of $0.135
per share on PepsiAmericas common stock for each quarter in
fiscal year 2008. We paid cash dividends of $85.0 million
in fiscal year 2008, which included $67.3 million for the
four quarterly dividends declared in fiscal year 2008,
$16.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2007 dividend, and
$1.1 million of dividends that were paid as a result of the
vesting of restricted stock awards. During fiscal years 2007 and
2006, we paid cash dividends of $65.2 million and
$59.3 million, respectively, based on a quarterly dividend
rate of $0.13 and $0.125 per share, respectively. As of the end
of fiscal year 2008, there was no payable recorded on the
Consolidated Balance Sheet for dividends compared to a payable
of $16.6 million as of the end of fiscal year 2007. Due to
the timing of our fiscal year calendar, we paid the fourth
quarter 2008 dividend prior to year-end; whereas, the fourth
quarter 2007 dividend was paid in the first quarter of 2008.
In February 2009, we issued $350 million of notes with a
coupon rate of 4.375 percent due February 2014. The
securities are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations and rank
equally in priority with all of our existing and future
unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. Net proceeds from
this transaction were $345.7 million, which reflected the
discount reduction of $2.2 million and the debt issuance
costs of $2.1 million. The net proceeds from the issuance
of the notes were used to repay commercial paper issued by us
and for other general corporate purposes.
In March 2009, we gave notice of our intent to terminate our
trade receivables securitization program. We believe that the
program has become uncompetitive with alternate sources of
capital to which we have access. Termination of this program
will result in a $150 million increase in trade receivables
and a comparable increase in debt on our Consolidated Balance
Sheet. Termination of this program will result in a decline in
net cash provided by operating activities of $150 million
offset by a comparable increase in cash provided by financing
activities on our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
Our debt agreements contain a number of covenants that limit,
among other things, the creation of liens, sale and leaseback
transactions and the general sale of assets. Our revolving
credit agreement requires us to maintain an interest coverage
ratio. We are in compliance with all of our financial covenants.
Worldwide capital and credit markets, including the commercial
paper markets, have recently experienced increased volatility
and disruption. Despite this volatility and disruption, we
continue to have access to the capital markets, as evidenced by
our most recent debt issuance in February 2009. In addition, as
noted above, we have a revolving credit facility that acts as a
commercial paper backstop. We believe that our operating cash
flows are sufficient to fund our existing operations and
contractual obligations for the foreseeable future. In addition,
we believe that our operating cash flows, available lines of
credit, and the potential for additional debt and equity
offerings will provide sufficient resources to fund our future
growth and expansion, although there can be no assurance that
continued or increased volatility and disruption in the
worldwide capital and credit markets will not impair our ability
to access these markets on terms commercially acceptable. There
are a number of options available to us, and we continue to
examine the optimal uses of our cash, including reinvesting in
our existing business, reducing debt, repurchasing our stock,
paying dividends and making acquisitions with an appropriate
economic return.
Contractual
Obligations
The following table provides a summary of our contractual
obligations as of the end of fiscal year 2008 by due date.
Long-term debt obligations do not include amounts related to the
fair value adjustment for interest rate swaps and unamortized
discount from debt issuance. Our short-term and long-term debt,
lease commitments, purchase obligations and advertising and
exclusivity rights are more fully described in Notes 11, 12
and 20, respectively, in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial
Statements. Our interest obligations relate to our contractual
obligations under our fixed-rate long-term debt.
Payments Due by Period
Total
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Thereafter
Commercial paper and notes payable
$
366.6
$
366.6
$
—
$
—
$
—
$
—
$
—
Long-term debt obligations
1,789.2
155.2
—
250.0
300.0
150.0
934.0
Interest obligations
874.2
93.6
88.8
81.7
74.7
54.1
481.3
Advertising commitments and exclusivity rights
75.8
28.5
19.6
12.1
7.1
3.4
5.1
Raw material purchase obligations
54.8
40.7
12.2
0.2
—
—
1.7
Lease obligations
123.6
23.0
20.1
14.9
9.7
7.5
48.4
Other purchase obligations
9.4
6.5
2.9
—
—
—
—
Total contractual cash obligations
$
3,293.6
$
714.1
$
143.6
$
358.9
$
391.5
$
215.0
$
1,470.5
Not included in the table above are contingent payments for
uncertain tax positions of $35.8 million. These amounts
were not included due to our inability to predict the timing of
the settlement of these amounts.
Also not included in the table above is the contribution of
approximately $12 million that we expect to make to our
pension plans in fiscal year 2009.
Discontinued Operations. We continue to
be subject to certain indemnification obligations, net of
insurance, under agreements related to previously sold
subsidiaries, including indemnification expenses for potential
environmental and tort liabilities of these former subsidiaries.
There is significant uncertainty in assessing our potential
expenses for complying with our indemnification obligations, as
the determination of such amounts is subject to various factors,
including possible insurance recoveries and the allocation of
liabilities among other potentially responsible and financially
viable parties. Accordingly, the ultimate settlement and timing
of cash requirements related to such indemnification obligations
may vary significantly from the estimates included in our
financial statements. As of the end of fiscal year 2008, we had
recorded $36.1 million in liabilities for future
remediation and other related costs arising out of our
indemnification obligations. This amount excludes possible
insurance recoveries and is determined on an undiscounted cash
flow basis. In addition, we have funded coverage pursuant to an
insurance policy (the “Finite Funding”) purchased in
fiscal year 2002, which reduces the cash required to be paid by
us for certain environmental sites pursuant to our
indemnification obligations. The Finite Funding receivable
amount recorded was $9.9 million as of the end of fiscal
year 2008, of which $4.2 million is expected to be
recovered in 2009 based on our expenditures, and was included as
a current asset in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
In fiscal years 2008 and 2007, we recorded a charge of
$15.0 million ($9.2 million net of taxes) and
$3.2 million ($2.1 million net of taxes) related to
revised estimates for environmental remediation, legal and
related administrative costs.
During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, we paid, net of taxes,
$9.4 million and $10.4 million, respectively, related
to such indemnification obligations, including the offsetting
benefit of insurance recovery settlements of $4.5 million
and $4.9 million, respectively, on an after-tax basis. We
expect to spend approximately $7.6 million on a pretax
basis in fiscal year 2009 related to our indemnification
obligations, excluding possible insurance recoveries and the
benefit of income taxes (See “Environmental Matters”
in Item 1 and Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements for further discussion of discontinued operations and
related environmental liabilities).
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
It is not our business practice to enter into off-balance sheet
arrangements, other than in the normal course of business, nor
is it our policy to issue guarantees to nonconsolidated
affiliates or third parties. For a description of our
off-balance sheet arrangements entered into in the normal course
of business, see Note 8 “Sales of Receivables,”
Note 12 “Leases” and Note 20
“Environmental and Other Commitments and
Contingencies” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Critical
Accounting Policies
The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements in
conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting
principles requires management to use estimates. We base our
estimates on historical experience, available information and
various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable
under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for
making judgments about carrying amounts of assets and
liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.
Actual results could differ from those estimates, and revisions
to estimates are included in our results for the period in which
the actual amounts or revisions become known. Presented in our
notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements is a summary of
our most significant accounting policies used in the preparation
of such statements. Significant estimates in the Consolidated
Financial Statements include recoverability of goodwill and
intangible assets with indefinite lives, environmental
liabilities, income taxes, casualty insurance costs and pension
and postretirement benefits, which are described in further
detail below:
Recoverability of Goodwill and Intangible Assets with
Indefinite Lives. Goodwill and intangible
assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but
instead tested annually for impairment or more frequently if
events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset might
be impaired.
Goodwill is tested for impairment using a two-step approach at
the reporting unit level: U.S., CEE and the Caribbean. First, we
estimate the fair value of the reporting units primarily using
discounted estimated future cash flows. If the carrying amount
exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, the second step of
the goodwill impairment test is performed to measure the amount
of the potential loss. Goodwill impairment is measured by
comparing the “implied fair value” of goodwill with
its carrying amount.
Our identified intangible assets with indefinite lives
principally arise from the allocation of the purchase price of
businesses acquired and consist primarily of trademarks and
tradenames and franchise and distribution agreements. Impairment
is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the
intangible asset exceeds its estimated fair value. The estimated
fair value is generally determined on the basis of discounted
future cash flows.
The impairment evaluation requires the use of considerable
management judgment to determine the fair value of goodwill and
intangible assets with indefinite lives using discounted future
cash flows, including estimates and assumptions regarding the
amount and timing of cash flows, cost of capital and growth
rates.
In fiscal year 2008, we initiated a strategic restructuring in
the Caribbean, which included
country-specific
changes in the go-to-market strategies and streamlining of
selling and delivery activities. As a result in the third
quarter, we performed an impairment analysis for goodwill and
intangible assets recorded in our Caribbean geographic segment.
There was no resulting impairment of goodwill based on our
analysis. We recorded an impairment of $2.9 million related
to a franchise right intangible asset in a particular market
that was part of the restructuring. In the fourth quarter, we
performed our annual impairment valuation for goodwill, and
there was no resulting impairment of goodwill based on our
analysis. If our plans do not yield anticipated results, we
anticipate possible future impairments of goodwill in the
Caribbean.
We performed our 2008 annual impairment test of our trademark
and tradenames in the fourth quarter. The fair values were
determined using assumptions regarding volume, average net
pricing and inflation. Based on current assumptions, we have
estimated that the fair value of our Sandora brand trademark and
tradename intangible asset exceeds its carrying amount. This
assessment was made using management’s judgment regarding
expected future results associated with our current plans.
Changing market conditions brought about by the current economic
environment may cause some of our anticipated plans to change.
We will continue to closely monitor these assets for any
potential impairment, which may be brought about by significant
changes in market conditions.
Environmental Liabilities. We continue
to be subject to certain indemnification obligations under
agreements related to previously sold subsidiaries, including
potential environmental liabilities (see “Environmental
Matters” in Item 1 and Note 20 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion). We
have recorded our best estimate of our probable liability under
those indemnification obligations. The estimated indemnification
liabilities include expenses for the remediation of identified
sites, payments to third parties for claims and expenses
(including product liability and toxic tort claims),
administrative expenses, and the expense of on-going evaluations
and litigation. Such estimates and the recorded liabilities are
subject to various factors, including possible insurance
recoveries, the allocation of liability among other potentially
responsible parties, the advancement of technology for means of
remediation, possible changes in the scope of work at the
contaminated sites, as well as possible changes in related laws,
regulations, and agency requirements. We do not discount
environmental liabilities. In fiscal year 2008, we recorded a
charge of $15.0 million ($9.2 million net of taxes)
related to revised estimates for the costs of environmental
remediation, legal and related administrative costs. In
particular, we revised our remediation plans at several sites
during the quarter resulting in an increase in the accrual for
remediation costs of $5.0 million, and we increased our
accrual for legal costs by $10.0 million. These legal costs
include defense costs associated with toxic tort matters.
Income Taxes. Our effective income tax
rate is based on income, statutory tax rates and tax planning
opportunities available to us in the various jurisdictions in
which we operate. We have established valuation allowances
against a portion of the foreign net operating losses and
state-related net operating losses to reflect the uncertainty of
our ability to fully utilize these benefits given the limited
carryforward periods permitted by the various jurisdictions. The
evaluation of the realizability of our net operating losses
requires the use of
considerable management judgment to estimate the future taxable
income for the various jurisdictions, for which the ultimate
amounts and timing of such realization may differ. The valuation
allowance can also be impacted by changes in tax regulations.
Significant judgment is required in determining our uncertain
tax positions. We have established accruals for uncertain tax
positions using management’s best judgment and adjust these
liabilities as warranted by changing facts and circumstances. A
change in our uncertain tax positions, in any given period,
could have a significant impact on our results of operations and
cash flows for that period.
The effective income tax rate, which is income tax expense
expressed as a percentage of income from continuing operations
before income taxes, minority interest and equity in net (loss)
earnings of nonconsolidated companies, was 30.4 percent in
fiscal year 2008 compared to 34.3 percent in fiscal year
2007. The lower tax rate was due primarily to favorable country
mix of earnings and the associated lower in-country tax rates.
In addition, we recorded favorable adjustments associated with
the filing of our 2007 U.S. federal income tax return, an
investment tax credit in the Czech Republic and a reduction in
accruals for uncertain tax positions.
Casualty Insurance Costs. Due to the
nature of our business, we require insurance coverage for
certain casualty risks. We are self-insured for workers
compensation, product and general liability up to
$1 million per occurrence and automobile liability up to
$2 million per occurrence. The casualty insurance costs for
our self-insurance program represent the ultimate net cost of
all reported and estimated unreported losses incurred during the
fiscal year. We do not discount casualty insurance liabilities.
Our liability for casualty costs is estimated using individual
case-based valuations and statistical analyses and is based upon
historical experience, actuarial assumptions and professional
judgment. These estimates are subject to the effects of trends
in loss severity and frequency based on the best data available
to us. These estimates, however, are also subject to a
significant degree of inherent variability. We evaluate these
estimates on an annual basis and we believe that they are
appropriate and within acceptable industry ranges, although an
increase or decrease in the estimates or economic events outside
our control could have a material impact on our results of
operations and cash flows. Accordingly, the ultimate settlement
of these costs may vary significantly from the estimates
included in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Pension and Postretirement
Benefits. Our pension and other
postretirement benefit obligations and related costs are
calculated using actuarial assumptions. Two critical
assumptions, the discount rate and the expected return on plan
assets, are important elements of plan expense and liability
measurement. We evaluate these critical assumptions annually.
Other assumptions involve demographic factors such as
retirement, mortality, turnover, health care cost trends and
rate of compensation increases.
The discount rate is used to calculate the present value of
expected future pension and postretirement cash flows as of the
measurement date. The guideline for establishing this rate is
high-quality, long-term bond rates. A lower discount rate
increases the present value of benefit obligations and increases
pension expense. The expected long-term rate of return on plan
assets is based on current and expected asset allocations, as
well as historical and expected returns on various categories of
plan assets. A lower-than-expected rate of return on pension
plan assets will increase pension expense. A 100 basis
point increase in the discount rate would decrease our annual
pension expense by $2.4 million. A 100 basis point
decrease in the discount rate would increase our annual pension
expense by $2.7 million. A 100 basis point increase in
our expected return on plan assets would decrease our annual
pension expense by $1.9 million. A 100 basis point
decrease in our expected return on plan assets would increase
our annual pension expense by $1.9 million. See
Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for
additional information regarding these assumptions.
Related
Party Transactions
Transactions
with PepsiCo
PepsiCo is considered a related party due to the nature of our
franchise relationship and PepsiCo’s ownership interest in
us. As of the end of fiscal year 2008, PepsiCo beneficially
owned approximately 43 percent of PepsiAmericas’
outstanding common stock. These shares are subject to a
shareholder agreement
with our company. As of the end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007,
net amounts due from PepsiCo were $5.2 million and
$3.1 million, respectively. During fiscal year 2008,
approximately 80 percent of our total net sales were
derived from the sale of PepsiCo products. We have entered into
transactions and agreements with PepsiCo from time to time, and
we expect to enter into additional transactions and agreements
with PepsiCo in the future. Significant agreements and
transactions between our company and PepsiCo are described below.
Pepsi franchise agreements are subject to termination only upon
failure to comply with their terms. Termination of these
agreements can occur as a result of any of the following: our
bankruptcy or insolvency; change of control of greater than
15 percent of any class of our voting securities; untimely
payments for concentrate purchases; quality control failure; or
failure to carry out the approved business plan communicated to
PepsiCo.
Bottling Agreements and Purchases of Concentrate and
Finished Product. We purchase concentrates
from PepsiCo and manufacture, package, sell and distribute cola
and non-cola beverages under various bottling agreements with
PepsiCo. These agreements give us the right to manufacture,
package, sell and distribute beverage products of PepsiCo in
both bottles and cans as well as fountain syrup in specified
territories. These agreements include a Master Bottling
Agreement and a Master Fountain Syrup Agreement for beverages
bearing the “Pepsi-Cola” and “Pepsi”
trademarks, including Diet Pepsi in the United States. The
agreements also include bottling and distribution agreements for
non-cola products in the United States, and international
bottling agreements for countries outside the United States.
These agreements provide PepsiCo with the ability to set prices
of concentrates, as well as the terms of payment and other terms
and conditions under which we purchase such concentrates. In
addition, we bottle water under the “Aquafina”
trademark pursuant to an agreement with PepsiCo that provides
for payment of a royalty fee to PepsiCo. We also purchase
finished beverage products from PepsiCo and certain of its
affiliates, including tea, concentrate and finished beverage
products from a Pepsi/Lipton partnership, as well as finished
beverage products from a PepsiCo/Starbucks partnership. The
table below summarizes amounts paid to PepsiCo for purchases of
concentrate, finished beverage products, finished snack food
products and Aquafina royalty fees, which are included in cost
of goods sold.
Bottler Incentives and Other Support
Arrangements. We share a business objective
with PepsiCo of increasing availability and consumption of
Pepsi-Cola beverages. Accordingly, PepsiCo provides us with
various forms of bottler incentives to promote its brands. The
level of this support is negotiated regularly and can be
increased or decreased at the discretion of PepsiCo. To support
volume and market share growth, the bottler incentives cover a
variety of initiatives, including direct marketplace, shared
media and advertising support. Worldwide bottler incentives from
PepsiCo totaled approximately $248.7 million,
$231.2 million and $226.8 million for the fiscal years
ended 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. There are no conditions
or requirements that could result in the repayment of any
support payments we received.
In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”)
Issue
No. 02-16,
“Accounting by a Customer (including a Reseller) for
Certain Consideration Received from a Vendor,” bottler
incentives that are directly attributable to incremental
expenses incurred are reported as either an increase to net
sales or a reduction to SD&A expenses, commensurate with
the recognition of the related expense. Such bottler incentives
include amounts received for direct support of advertising
commitments and exclusivity agreements with various customers.
All other bottler incentives are recognized as a reduction of
cost of goods sold when the related products are sold based on
the agreements with vendors. Such bottler incentives primarily
include base level funding amounts which are fixed based on the
previous year’s volume and variable amounts that are
reflective of the current year’s volume performance.
PepsiCo also provided indirect marketing support to our
marketplace, which consisted primarily of media expenses. This
indirect support was not reflected or included in our
Consolidated Financial Statements, as these amounts were paid
directly by PepsiCo.
Manufacturing and National Account
Services. Pursuant to the Master Fountain
Syrup Agreement, we provide manufacturing services to PepsiCo in
connection with the production of certain finished beverage
products, and also provide certain manufacturing, delivery and
equipment maintenance services to PepsiCo’s
national account customers. Net amounts paid or payable by
PepsiCo to us for manufacturing and national account services
are summarized in the table below.
Sandora Joint Venture. We are party to
a joint venture agreement with PepsiCo pursuant to which we hold
the outstanding common stock of Sandora, LLC, the leading juice
company in Ukraine. We hold a 60 percent interest in the
joint venture and PepsiCo holds a 40 percent interest. In
fiscal year 2008, we repaid $47.5 million of long-term debt
that was acquired as part of the Sandora acquisition. As a part
of this transaction, we received $26.0 million of cash from
PepsiCo that included its portion of the debt repayment. The
joint venture financial statements have been consolidated in our
Consolidated Financial Statements.
Other Transactions. PepsiCo provides
procurement services to us pursuant to a shared services
agreement. Under this agreement, PepsiCo acts as our agent and
negotiates with various suppliers the cost of certain raw
materials by entering into raw material contracts on our behalf.
The raw material contracts obligate us to purchase certain
minimum volumes. PepsiCo also collects and remits to us certain
rebates from the various suppliers related to our procurement
volume. In addition, PepsiCo executes certain derivative
contracts on our behalf and in accordance with our hedging
strategies. Payments to PepsiCo for procurement services are
reflected in the table below.
In summary, the Consolidated Statements of Income include the
following income and (expense) transactions with PepsiCo (in
millions):
2008
2007
2006
Net sales:
Bottler incentives
$
34.7
$
32.9
$
30.6
Manufacturing and national account services
17.0
19.6
19.3
$
51.7
$
52.5
$
49.9
Cost of goods sold:
Purchases of concentrate
$
(923.3
)
$
(888.2
)
$
(829.8
)
Purchases of finished beverage products
(232.3
)
(210.0
)
(188.0
)
Purchases of finished snack food products
(26.7
)
(17.6
)
(12.5
)
Bottler incentives
190.3
180.7
182.3
Aquafina royalty fees
(46.6
)
(54.3
)
(50.2
)
Procurement services
(4.1
)
(3.9
)
(3.9
)
$
(1,042.7
)
$
(993.3
)
$
(902.1
)
Selling, delivery and administrative expenses:
Bottler incentives
$
23.7
$
17.6
$
13.9
Purchases of advertising materials
(2.5
)
(2.0
)
(1.8
)
$
21.2
$
15.6
$
12.1
Transactions with Bottlers in Which PepsiCo Holds an
Equity Interest. We sell finished beverage
products to other bottlers, including The Pepsi Bottling Group,
Inc. and Pepsi Bottling Ventures LLC, bottlers in which PepsiCo
owns an equity interest. These sales occur in instances where
the proximity of our production facilities to the other
bottlers’ markets or lack of manufacturing capability, as
well as other economic considerations, make it more efficient or
desirable for the other bottlers to buy finished product from
us. Our sales to other bottlers, including those in which
PepsiCo owns an equity interest, were approximately
$210.8 million, $213.0 million and $170.1 million
in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our purchases
from such other bottlers were $0.5 million,
$0.3 million and $2.0 million in fiscal years 2008,
2007 and 2006, respectively.
Agreements
and Relationships with Dakota Holdings, LLC, Starquest
Securities, LLC and Mr. Pohlad
Under the terms of the PepsiAmericas merger agreement, Dakota
Holdings, LLC (“Dakota”), a Delaware limited liability
company whose members at the time of the PepsiAmericas merger
included PepsiCo and Pohlad Companies, became the owner of
14,562,970 shares of our common stock, including
377,128 shares purchasable pursuant to the exercise of a
warrant. In November 2002, the members of Dakota entered into a
redemption agreement pursuant to which the PepsiCo membership
interests were redeemed in exchange for certain assets of
Dakota. As a result, Dakota became the owner of
12,027,557 shares of our common stock, including
311,470 shares purchasable pursuant to the exercise of a
warrant. In June 2003, Dakota converted from a Delaware limited
liability company to a Minnesota limited liability company
pursuant to an agreement and plan of merger. In January 2006,
Starquest Securities, LLC (“Starquest”), a Minnesota
limited liability company, obtained the shares of our common
stock previously owned by Dakota, including the shares of common
stock purchasable upon exercise of the above-referenced warrant,
pursuant to a contribution agreement. Such warrant expired
unexercised in January 2006, resulting in Starquest holding
11,716,087 shares of our common stock. In February 2008,
Starquest acquired an additional 400,000 shares of our
common stock pursuant to open market purchases, bringing its
holdings to 12,116,087 shares of common stock, or
9.7 percent, as of February 27, 2009. The shares held
by Starquest are subject to a shareholder agreement with our
company.
Mr. Pohlad, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, is
the President and the owner of one-third of the capital stock of
Pohlad Companies. Pohlad Companies is the controlling member of
Dakota. Dakota is the controlling member of Starquest. Pohlad
Companies may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of the
securities beneficially owned by Dakota and Starquest and
Mr. Pohlad may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of
the securities beneficially owned by Starquest, Dakota and
Pohlad Companies.
Transactions
with Pohlad Companies
We own a one-eighth interest in a Challenger aircraft which we
own with Pohlad Companies. SD&A expenses we paid to
International Jet, a subsidiary of Pohlad Companies, for office
and hangar rent, management fees and maintenance in connection
with the storage and operation of this corporate jet in fiscal
years 2008, 2007 and 2006 were $0.2 million,
$0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
Recently
Issued Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for a
summary of new accounting pronouncements that may impact our
business.
Item 7A.
Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
We are subject to various market risks, including risks from
changes in commodity prices, interest rates and currency
exchange rates, which are addressed below. In addition, see
Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Commodity Prices. We use commodity
inputs such as aluminum for our cans, resin for our PET bottles,
natural gas, diesel fuel, unleaded gasoline, high fructose corn
syrup and sugar to be used in our operations. These commodities
are subject to price fluctuations that may create price risk.
Our ability to recover higher product costs through price
increases to customers may be limited due to the competitive
pricing environment that exists in the soft drink business. With
respect to commodity costs included in our product costs, we may
enter into firm price commitments for future purchases that
enable us to establish a fixed purchase price within a defined
time period. We may also use derivative financial instruments to
hedge price fluctuations for a portion of anticipated purchases
of certain commodities used in our operations. We have policies
governing the hedging instruments we may use, including a policy
to not enter into derivative contracts for speculative or
trading purposes. For derivatives where we cannot achieve hedge
accounting, such as hedges of forecasted purchases of diesel
fuel, we record changes in the fair value of those instruments
on a mark-to-market basis.
As of the end of fiscal year 2008, we had outstanding derivative
contracts for anticipated purchases of aluminum and natural gas.
As of the end of fiscal year 2007, we had no outstanding hedges.
Interest Rates. During fiscal years
2008 and 2007, the risk from changes in interest rates was not
material to our operations because a significant portion of our
debt portfolio represented fixed rate obligations. As of the end
of fiscal years 2008 and 2007, approximately 20 percent of
our debt portfolio was variable rate obligations. Our floating
rate exposure relates to changes in the six-month London
Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and the federal funds
rate. Assuming consistent levels of floating rate debt with
those held as of the end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007, a
50 basis point (0.5 percent) change in each of these
rates would have an impact of approximately $3 million and
$2 million, respectively, on our annual interest expense.
During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, we had cash equivalents
throughout the year, principally invested in money market funds,
which were most closely tied to the federal funds rate. Assuming
a 50 basis point change in the rate of interest associated
with our short-term investments, interest income would not have
changed by a significant amount.
Currency Exchange Rates. Because we
operate outside of the U.S., we are subject to risk resulting
from changes in currency exchange rates. Currency exchange rates
are influenced by a variety of economic factors including local
inflation, growth, interest rates and governmental actions, as
well as other factors. In particular, our operations in CEE are
subject to currency exchange rate exposure associated with cost
of goods sold, particularly concentrate and packaging, which may
be purchased in either U.S. dollars or euros. We may use
derivative financial instruments to hedge currency exchange rate
fluctuations associated with a portion of anticipated raw
material purchases. Our investment in markets outside of the
U.S. has increased during the past several years and, as
such, our exposure to currency risk has increased. Our principal
exposures are the Ukrainian hryvnya, Romanian leu and the Polish
zloty.
Based on net sales, international operations represented
approximately 31 percent and 24 percent of our total
operations in fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively. Changes
in currency exchange rates impact the translation of the
operations’ results from their local currencies into
U.S. dollars. During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, foreign
currency had a beneficial impact to net income of
$13.4 million and $19.0 million, respectively. If the
currency exchange rates had changed by 1 percent in fiscal
years 2008 and 2007, we estimate the impact on operating income
would have been approximately $3 million and
$1 million, respectively. Our estimate reflects the fact
that a portion of the international operations costs are
denominated in U.S. dollars and euros. This estimate does
not take into account the possibility that rates can move in
opposite directions and that gains in one category may or may
not be offset by losses from another category. As of the end of
fiscal year 2008, we had outstanding derivative contracts for
anticipated purchases of raw materials for which payment is
settled in currencies other than our local operations’
functional currency.
Item 8.
Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data.
See Index to Financial Information on
page F-1.
Item 9.
Changes
in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure.
We maintain a system of disclosure controls and procedures that
is designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed
in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized
and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s
rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and
communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow
timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our
management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act
Rules 13a-15(e)
and
15d-15(e)).
Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our
Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of January 3,2009, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Changes
in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial
reporting that occurred during the quarter ended January 3,2009 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to
materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Management’s
Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining
adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal
control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act
Rule 13a-15(f),
is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our
principal executive and principal financial officers and
effected by our Board of Directors, management and other
personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles and includes those
policies and procedures that:
•
Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions
of our assets;
•
Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as
necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and
that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in
accordance with authorizations of our management and
directors; and
•
Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of
our assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over
financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods
are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. All
internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have
inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined
to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with
respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.
Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal
control over financial reporting as of January 3, 2009. In
making this assessment, our management used the criteria set
forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the
Treadway Commission (COSO) in “Internal Control-Integrated
Framework.” Based on this assessment, management believes
that, as of January 3, 2009, our internal control over
financial reporting was effective based on those criteria.
KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has
audited the consolidated financial statements included in this
Annual Report on
Form 10-K
and, as a part of this audit, has issued their report, included
herein, on the effectiveness of our internal control over
financial reporting.
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders
of PepsiAmericas, Inc.:
We have audited PepsiAmericas, Inc.’s (the Company)
internal control over financial reporting as of January 3,2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control -
Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The
Company’s management is responsible for maintaining
effective internal control over financial reporting and for its
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over
financial reporting, included in the accompanying
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial
Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting based
on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control
over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of
internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk
that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the
design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on
the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other
procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We
believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a
process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s
internal control over financial reporting includes those
policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions
are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company
are being made only in accordance with authorizations of
management and directors of the company; and (3) provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the
company’s assets that could have a material effect on the
financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over
financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future
periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree
of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material
respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as
of January 3, 2009, based on criteria established in
Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the
consolidated balance sheets of PepsiAmericas, Inc. and
subsidiaries as of the end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007, and
the related consolidated statements of income,
shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income, and cash
flows for each of the fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, and our
report dated March 3, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion
on those consolidated financial statements.
On February 26, 2009, our Board of Directors declared a
first quarter 2009 dividend of $0.14 per share on PepsiAmericas
common stock. The dividend is payable April 1, 2009 to
shareholders of record as of March 13, 2009.
Directors,
Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
We incorporate by reference the information contained under the
captions “Proposal 1: Election of Directors”,
“Our Board of Directors and Committees” and
“Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting
Compliance” in our definitive proxy statement for the
annual meeting of shareholders to be held May 7, 2009.
Pursuant to General Instruction G(3) to the Annual Report
on
Form 10-K
and Instruction 3 to Item 401(b) of
Regulation S-K,
information regarding executive officers of PepsiAmericas is
provided in Part I of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K
under separate caption.
We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to our principal
executive officer, principal financial officer and principal
accounting officer. This code of ethics is available on our
website at www.pepsiamericas.com and in print upon written
request to PepsiAmericas, Inc., 4000 RBC Plaza, 60 South Sixth
Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota55402, Attention: Investor
Relations. Any amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of our
code of ethics will be posted to the above-referenced website.
Item 11.
Executive
Compensation.
We incorporate by reference the information contained under the
captions “Our Board of Directors and Committees —
Management Resources and Compensation Committee Interlocks and
Insider Participation”, “Our Board of Directors and
Committees — Management Resources and Compensation
Committee Report”, “Non-Employee Director
Compensation” and “Executive Compensation” in our
definitive proxy statement for the annual meeting of
shareholders to be held May 7, 2009.
Item 12.
Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and
Related Stockholder Matters.
We incorporate by reference the information contained under the
captions “Our Largest Shareholders,”“Shares Held
by Our Directors and Executive Officers” and “Equity
Compensation Plan Information” in our definitive proxy
statement for the annual meeting of shareholders to be held
May 7, 2009.
Item 13.
Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director
Independence.
We incorporate by reference the information contained under the
captions “Our Board of Directors and Committees” and
“Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” in
our definitive proxy statement for the annual meeting of
shareholders to be held May 7, 2009.
Item 14.
Principal
Accountant Fees and Services.
We incorporate by reference the information contained under the
caption “Proposal 3: Ratification of Appointment of
Independent Registered Public Accountants” in our
definitive proxy statement for the annual meeting of
shareholders to be held May 7, 2009.
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized, on the 4th day of March 2009.
PEPSIAMERICAS, INC.
By:
/s/ ALEXANDER
H. WARE
Alexander H. Ware
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons
on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on
the 4th day of March 2009.
Signature
Title
/s/ ROBERT
C. POHLAD
Robert
C. Pohlad
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
and Director (Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ ALEXANDER
H. WARE
Alexander
H. Ware
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ TIMOTHY
W. GORMAN
Timothy
W. Gorman
Senior Vice President and Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)
Financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are
not applicable or the required information is shown in the
consolidated financial statements or accompanying notes
The Board of Directors and Shareholders
of PepsiAmericas, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
PepsiAmericas, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of the end
of fiscal years 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated
statements of income, shareholders’ equity and
comprehensive (loss) income, and cash flows for each of the
fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006. These consolidated financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company’s
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are
free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in
the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred
to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial
position of the Company as of the end of fiscal years 2008 and
2007, and the results of their operations and their cash flows
for each of the fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, in conformity
with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting as of January 3, 2009, based on the
criteria established in “Internal Control —
Integrated Framework” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report
dated March 3, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on the
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting.
Nature of operations. PepsiAmericas,
Inc. (referred to herein as “PepsiAmericas,”“we,”“our,” or “us”)
manufactures, distributes and markets a broad portfolio of
beverage products in the United States (“U.S.”),
Central and Eastern Europe (“CEE”) and the Caribbean.
We operate under exclusive franchise agreements with soft drink
concentrate producers, including master bottling and fountain
syrup agreements with PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) for
the manufacture, packaging, sale and distribution of PepsiCo
branded products. There are similar agreements with other
companies whose brands we produce and distribute. The franchise
agreements, in most instances, exist in perpetuity and contain
operating and marketing commitments and conditions for
termination. In some territories we distribute our own brands,
such as Sandora, Sadochok and Toma.
We distribute beverage products to various customers in our
designated territories and through various distribution
channels. We are vulnerable to certain concentrations of risk,
mostly impacting the brands we sell, as well as the customer
base to which we sell, as we are exposed to a risk of loss
greater than if we would have mitigated these risks through
diversification. Approximately 80 percent of our net sales
were derived from brands that we bottle under licenses from
PepsiCo or PepsiCo joint ventures. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. is our
largest customer which constituted 14.9 percent,
13.6 percent and 11.8 percent of our net sales in our
U.S. operations for fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006,
respectively.
Principles of consolidation. The
Consolidated Financial Statements include all wholly and
majority-owned
subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have
been eliminated in consolidation. We have an ownership interest
in a joint venture that owns Sandora LLC (“Sandora”),
which is considered a variable interest entity. Under the terms
of the joint venture agreement, we hold a 60 percent
interest and PepsiCo holds a 40 percent interest in the
joint venture. Pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Board
(“FASB”) Interpretation No. 46(R)
(“FIN 46(R)”), “Consolidation of Variable
Interest Entities”, PepsiAmericas was determined to be the
primary beneficiary and, therefore, the joint venture financial
statements have been consolidated in our financial statements.
Due to the timing of the receipt of available financial
information, the results of
Quadrant-Amroq
Bottling Company Limited (“QABCL” or
“Romania”) and Sandora are recorded on a one-month lag
basis.
The equity investment in Agrima JSC (“Agrima”) was
recorded under the equity method in accordance with Accounting
Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 18,
“The Equity Method of Accounting for Investment in Common
Stock.” Due to the timing of the receipt of available
financial information, we record equity in net (loss) earnings
on a one-quarter lag basis.
Use of accounting estimates. The
preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial
statements in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”)
requires management to make estimates and assumptions about
future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions
affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported,
disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and
reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Such estimates
include the value of purchase consideration, valuation of
accounts receivable, inventories, casualty insurance costs,
goodwill, intangible assets, and other long-lived assets, legal
contingencies, and assumptions used in the calculation of income
taxes, and retirement and other postretirement benefits, among
others. These estimates and assumptions are based on
management’s best estimates and judgment. Management
evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis
using historical experience and other factors, including the
current economic environment, which management believes to be
reasonable under the circumstances. We adjust such estimates and
assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. Illiquid
credit markets, volatility in foreign currency and commodities,
and declines in consumer spending have combined to increase the
uncertainty inherent in such estimates and assumptions. As
future events and their effects cannot be determined with
precision, actual results could differ significantly from these
estimates. Changes in those estimates resulting from continuing
changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the
financial statements in future periods.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
Fiscal year. Our U.S. and
Caribbean operations report using a fiscal year that consists of
52 or 53 weeks ending on the Saturday closest to
December 31. Our 2008 fiscal year consisted of
53 weeks and ended on January 3, 2009. Our 2007 and
2006 fiscal years consisted of 52 weeks ended
December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006, respectively.
Beginning in fiscal year 2007, our Caribbean operations aligned
their reporting calendar with our U.S. operations.
Previously, our Caribbean operations’ fiscal years ended on
December 31. The change to the Caribbean fiscal year was
not material to our Consolidated Financial Statements. Our CEE
operations’ fiscal year ends on December 31 and therefore,
are not impacted by the 53rd week.
Cash and cash equivalents. Cash and
cash equivalents consist of deposits with banks and financial
institutions which are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use, and
which have original maturities of three months or less.
Sale of receivables. Our
U.S. subsidiaries sell their receivables to Whitman
Finance, a special purpose entity and wholly-owned subsidiary,
which in turn sells an undivided interest in a revolving pool of
receivables to a major U.S. financial institution. The sale
of receivables is accounted for under Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 140,
“Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets
and Extinguishments of Liabilities.”
Inventories. Inventories are recorded
at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory is
valued using the average cost method.
Derivative financial instruments. Due
to fluctuations in market prices for certain commodities, we use
derivative financial instruments to hedge against volatility in
future cash flows related to anticipated purchases of
commodities and to hedge against the risk of adverse movements
in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We may
use derivative financial instruments to lock interest rates on
future debt issues and to convert fixed rate debt to floating
rate debt. We also use derivatives related to anticipated
purchases of raw materials for which payment of those purchases
is in a currency other than the subsidiary’s functional
currency. Our corporate policy prohibits the use of derivative
instruments for trading or speculative purposes, and we have
procedures in place to monitor and control their use.
All derivative instruments are recorded at fair value as either
assets or liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Derivative instruments are designated and accounted for as
either a hedge of a recognized asset or liability (“fair
value hedge”), a hedge of a forecasted transaction
(“cash flow hedge”), or they are not designated as a
hedge.
For a fair value hedge, both the effective and ineffective
portions of the change in fair value of the derivative
instrument, along with an adjustment to the carrying amount of
the hedged item for fair value changes attributable to the
hedged risk, are recognized in earnings. For derivative
instruments that hedge interest rate risk, the fair value
adjustments are recorded in “Interest expense, net,”
in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
For a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of changes in the
fair value of the derivative instrument that are highly
effective are deferred in “Accumulated other comprehensive
(loss) income” until the underlying hedged item is
recognized in earnings. The applicable gain or loss recognized
in earnings is recorded consistent with the expense
classification of the underlying hedged item. If a fair value or
cash flow hedge were to cease to qualify for hedge accounting or
be terminated, it would continue to be carried on the
Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value until settled, but
hedge accounting would be discontinued prospectively. If a
forecasted transaction was no longer probable of occurring,
amounts previously deferred in “Accumulated other
comprehensive (loss) income” would be recognized
immediately in earnings.
We may also enter into derivative instruments for which hedge
accounting is not elected, because they are entered into to
offset changes in the value of an underlying transaction
recognized in earnings. These
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
instruments are reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at
fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings.
Cash received or paid upon settlement of derivative financial
instruments designated as cash flow hedges or fair value hedges
are classified in the same category as the cash flows from items
being hedged in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Cash
flows from the settlement of commodity, foreign currency
exchange rate and interest rate derivative instruments are
included in “Cash flows from operating activities” in
the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Property and equipment. Depreciation is
computed on the straight-line method. When property is sold or
retired, the cost and accumulated depreciation are eliminated
from the accounts and gains or losses are recorded in operating
income. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as
incurred. Generally, the estimated useful lives of depreciable
assets are 15 to 40 years for buildings and improvements
and 5 to 13 years for machinery and equipment.
Goodwill and intangible
assets. Goodwill and intangible assets with
indefinite lives are not amortized, but instead tested annually
for impairment or more frequently if events or changes in
circumstances indicate that an asset might be impaired. Goodwill
is tested for impairment using a two-step approach at the
reporting unit level: U.S., CEE, and the Caribbean. First, we
estimate the fair value of the reporting units primarily using
discounted estimated future cash flows. If the carrying amount
exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, the second step of
the goodwill impairment test is performed to measure the amount
of the potential impairment loss. Goodwill impairment is
measured by comparing the “implied fair value” of
goodwill with its carrying amount. Our annual impairment
evaluation for goodwill was performed in the fourth quarter and
no impairment of goodwill was indicated.
Our identified intangible assets with indefinite lives
principally arise from the allocation of the purchase price of
businesses acquired and consist primarily of franchise and
distribution agreements and trademarks and tradenames.
Impairment is measured as the amount by which the carrying
amount of the intangible asset exceeds its estimated fair value.
The estimated fair value is generally determined on the basis of
discounted future cash flows. Based on our impairment analysis
performed in fiscal year 2008, the estimated fair value of our
identified intangible assets with indefinite lives exceeded the
carrying amount, except as described in Note 4.
The impairment evaluation requires the use of considerable
management judgment to determine the fair value of the goodwill
and intangible assets with indefinite lives using discounted
future cash flows, including estimates and assumptions regarding
the amount and timing of cash flows, cost of capital and growth
rates.
Our definite lived intangible assets consist primarily of
franchise and distribution agreements and customer relationships
and lists. We compute amortization of definite lived intangible
assets using the
straight-line
method. The approximate lives used for annual amortization are
20 years for franchise and distribution agreements and 7 to
14 years for customer relationships and lists.
Carrying amounts of long-lived
assets. We evaluate the carrying amounts of
our long-lived assets by reviewing projected undiscounted cash
flows. Such evaluations are performed whenever events and
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may
not be recoverable. If the sum of the projected undiscounted
cash flows over the estimated remaining lives of the related
asset group does not exceed the carrying amount, the carrying
amount would be adjusted for the difference between the fair
value and the related carrying amount.
Investments. Investments are included
in “Other assets” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets
and include investments recorded under the equity method,
available-for-sale
equity securities, securities that are not publicly traded, real
estate and other investments. The equity method of accounting is
used for investments in affiliated companies which we do not
control and in which our interest is generally between 20 and
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
50 percent. Our share of earnings or losses of affiliated
companies is included in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Available-for-sale
equity securities are carried at fair value, with unrecognized
gains and losses, net of taxes, recorded in “Accumulated
other comprehensive (loss) income.” Fair values of
available-for-sale
securities are determined based on prevailing market prices.
Unrealized losses determined to be
other-than-temporary
are recorded in “Other expense, net” on the
Consolidated Statements of Income. Securities that are not
publicly traded and real estate investments are carried at cost,
which management believes is lower than net realizable value.
Environmental liabilities. We are
subject to certain indemnification obligations under agreements
related to previously sold subsidiaries, including potential
environmental liabilities. We have recorded our best estimate of
the probable liability under those indemnification obligations.
The estimated indemnification liabilities include expenses for
the remediation of identified sites, payments to third parties
for claims and expenses (including product liability and toxic
tort claims), administrative expenses, and the expense of
on-going
evaluations and litigation. Such estimates and the recorded
liabilities are subject to various factors, including possible
insurance recoveries, the allocation of liabilities among other
potentially responsible parties, the advancement of technology
for means of remediation, possible changes in the scope of work
at the contaminated sites, as well as possible changes in
related laws, regulations, and agency requirements. We do not
discount environmental liabilities.
Pension and postretirement
benefits. Our pension and other
postretirement benefit obligations and related costs are
calculated using actuarial assumptions. Two critical
assumptions, the discount rate and the expected return on plan
assets, are important elements of plan expense and liability
measurement. We evaluate these critical assumptions annually.
Other assumptions involve demographic factors such as
retirement, mortality, turnover, health care cost trends and
rate of compensation increases.
The discount rate is used to calculate the present value of
expected future pension and postretirement cash flows as of the
measurement date. The guideline for establishing this rate is
high-quality, long-term bond rates. A lower discount rate
increases the present value of benefit obligations and increases
pension expense. The expected long-term rate of return on plan
assets is based on current and expected asset allocations, as
well as historical and expected returns on various categories of
plan assets. A
lower-than-expected
rate of return on pension plan assets will increase pension
expense. See Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements for additional information regarding these
assumptions.
Revenue recognition. Revenue is
recognized when title to a product is transferred to the
customer. Payments made to customers for the exclusive rights to
sell our products in certain venues are recorded as a reduction
of net sales over the term of the agreement. Customer discounts
and allowances are recorded in accordance with Emerging Issues
Task Force (“EITF”) Issue
No. 01-9,
“Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a
Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendor’s
Products)” and are reflected as a reduction of net sales
based on actual customer sales volume during the period.
Bottler incentives. PepsiCo and other
brand owners, at their sole discretion, provide us with various
forms of marketing support. To promote volume and market share
growth, the marketing support is intended to cover a variety of
initiatives, including direct marketplace, shared media and
advertising support. There are no conditions or requirements
that could result in the repayment of any support payments we
have received. Over 94 percent of the bottler incentives
received in fiscal year 2008 were from PepsiCo or its affiliates.
In accordance with EITF Issue
No. 02-16,
“Accounting by a Customer (including a Reseller) for
Certain Consideration Received from a Vendor,” bottler
incentives that are directly attributable to incremental
expenses incurred are reported as either an increase to net
sales or a reduction to selling, delivery and administrative
(“SD&A”) expenses, commensurate with the
recognition of the related expense. Such bottler incentives
include amounts received for direct support of advertising
commitments and exclusivity agreements with various customers.
All other bottler incentives are recognized as a reduction of
cost of goods sold when the
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
related products are sold based on the agreements with vendors.
Such bottler incentives primarily include base level funding
amounts, which are fixed based on the previous year’s
volume and variable amounts that are reflective of the current
year’s volume performance.
The Consolidated Statements of Income include the following
bottler incentives recorded as income or as a reduction of
expense (in millions):
2008
2007
2006
Net sales
$
39.0
$
36.3
$
34.2
Cost of goods sold
197.5
188.0
191.7
Selling, delivery and administrative expenses
26.3
20.2
14.9
Total
$
262.8
$
244.5
$
240.8
PepsiCo also provided indirect marketing support to our
marketplace, which consisted primarily of media expenses. This
indirect support was not reflected or included in our
Consolidated Financial Statements, as these amounts were paid
directly by PepsiCo. Other brand owners provide similar indirect
marketing support.
Advertising and marketing costs. We are
involved in a variety of programs to promote our products.
Advertising and marketing costs are expensed in the year
incurred. Certain advertising and marketing costs incurred by us
are partially reimbursed by PepsiCo and other brand owners in
the form of marketing support. Advertising and marketing
expenses recorded in SD&A expenses were
$144.8 million, $128.8 million and $98.7 million
in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. These amounts
are net of bottler incentives of $26.3 million,
$20.2 million and $14.9 million in fiscal years 2008,
2007 and 2006, respectively. Prior year amounts have been
reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
Shipping and handling costs. We record
shipping and handling costs in SD&A expenses. Such costs
totaled $305.3 million, $291.5 million and
$278.7 million in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006,
respectively.
Casualty insurance costs. Due to the
nature of our business, we require insurance coverage for
certain casualty risks. We are self-insured for workers
compensation, product and general liability up to
$1 million per occurrence and automobile liability up to
$2 million per occurrence. The casualty insurance costs for
our self-insurance program represent the ultimate net cost of
all reported and estimated unreported losses incurred during the
fiscal year. We do not discount casualty insurance liabilities.
Our liability for casualty costs is estimated using individual
case-based valuations and statistical analyses and is based upon
historical experience, actuarial assumptions and professional
judgment. These estimates are subject to the effects of trends
in loss severity and frequency and are based on the best data
available to us. These estimates, however, are also subject to a
significant degree of inherent variability. We evaluate these
estimates on an annual basis and we believe that they are
appropriate and within acceptable industry ranges, although an
increase or decrease in the estimates or economic events outside
our control could have a material impact on our results of
operations and cash flows. Accordingly, the ultimate settlement
of these costs may vary significantly from the estimates
included in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Stock-based compensation. We account
for stock-based compensation under revised
SFAS No. 123, “Share-Based Payment.” We used
the modified prospective method of adoption of
SFAS No. 123(R). We measure the cost of employee
services in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on
the grant-date fair value of the award. The total cost is
reduced for estimated forfeitures over the awards’ vesting
period and the cost is recognized over the requisite service
period. Forfeiture estimates are reviewed on an annual basis.
During fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, the forfeiture rate for
restricted stock awards was 3.6 percent, 3.6 percent,
and 3.3 percent, respectively, and 2.0 percent for
stock options during fiscal year 2007 and 2006. No compensation
expense was recorded for options in fiscal year 2008 as all
options are fully vested.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
Income taxes. Our effective income tax
rate is based on income, statutory tax rates and tax planning
opportunities available to us in the various jurisdictions in
which we operate. We have established valuation allowances
against a portion of the foreign net operating losses and
state-related net operating losses to reflect the uncertainty of
our ability to fully utilize these benefits given the limited
carryforward periods permitted by the various jurisdictions. The
evaluation of the realizability of our net operating losses
requires the use of considerable management judgment to estimate
the future taxable income for the various jurisdictions, for
which the ultimate amounts and timing of such realization may
differ. The valuation allowance can also be impacted by changes
in the tax regulations.
Significant judgment is required in determining our uncertain
tax positions. We have established accruals for uncertain tax
positions using management’s best judgment and adjust these
liabilities as warranted by changing facts and circumstances. A
change in our uncertain tax positions in any given period could
have a significant impact on our results of operations and cash
flows for that period.
Foreign currency. The assets and
liabilities of our operations that have functional currencies
other than the U.S. dollar are translated at exchange rates
in effect at year end, and income statements are translated at
the weighted-average exchange rates for the year. In accordance
with SFAS No. 52, “Foreign Currency
Translation,” gains and losses resulting from the
translation of foreign currency financial statements are
recorded as a separate component of “Accumulated other
comprehensive (loss) income” in the shareholders’
equity section of the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Foreign
currency transaction gains or losses are credited or charged to
earnings as incurred. The recent global financial downturn has
led to a high level of volatility in foreign currency exchange
rates; that level of volatility may continue and thus adversely
impact our business or financial condition.
Earnings per share. Basic earnings per
share was based upon the weighted-average number of common
shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share assumed the
exercise of all options which are dilutive, whether exercisable
or not. The dilutive effects of stock options and non-vested
restricted stock awards were measured under the treasury stock
method.
As of the end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007, there were no
antidilutive options or non-vested restricted stock awards. As
of the end of fiscal year 2006, there were 1,337,700
antidilutive shares under outstanding options at a
weighted-average exercise price of $22.63 per share and no
antidilutive non-vested restricted stock awards.
Reclassifications. Certain amounts in
the prior period Consolidated Financial Statements have been
reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
Recently adopted accounting
pronouncements. In September 2006, FASB
issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value
Measurements,” to provide enhanced guidance when using fair
value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157
defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair
value in GAAP and expands disclosures about fair value
measurements. SFAS No. 157 applies whenever other
pronouncements require or permit assets or liabilities to be
measured by fair value. SFAS No. 157 was effective at
the beginning of fiscal year 2008. In February 2008, the FASB
issued FASB Staff Position
No. FAS 157-2
(“FSP 157-2”),
“Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157”, which
provides a one year deferral of the effective date of
SFAS No. 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial
liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed in
the financial statements at fair value at least annually. In
accordance with this interpretation, we have only adopted the
provisions of SFAS No. 157 with respect to our
financial assets and financial liabilities that are measured at
fair value as of the beginning of fiscal year 2008. The
provisions of SFAS No. 157 have not been applied to
nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities. The major
categories of nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities
that are measured at fair value, for which we have not applied
the provisions of SFAS No. 157, are as follows:
reporting units measured at fair value in the first step of a
goodwill impairment test, long-lived assets measured at fair
value for an impairment assessment, and assets and liabilities
acquired
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
as part of a purchase business combination. See Note 14
below for additional disclosures regarding adoption as it
pertains to financial assets and liabilities on our Consolidated
Balance Sheet.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158,
“Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and
Other Postretirement Plans.” We have adopted the
recognition and measurement provisions of
SFAS No. 158. The recognition provisions required us
to fully recognize the funded status associated with our defined
benefit plans. The measurement provisions required us to measure
our plans’ assets and liabilities as of the end of our
fiscal year rather than of our former measurement date of
September 30. We adopted the measurement date provisions as
of the beginning of fiscal year 2008, which decreased retained
income by $0.3 million ($0.2 million net of taxes) as
of the beginning of fiscal year 2008.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements to be adopted in
the future. In December 2007, the FASB issued
a revised SFAS No. 141, “Business
Combinations.” SFAS No. 141(R) amends the
guidance relating to the use of the purchase method in a
business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) requires that we
recognize and measure the identifiable assets acquired, the
liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest in the
acquired business at fair value. SFAS No. 141(R) also
requires that we recognize and measure the goodwill acquired in
the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase.
Acquisition costs to effect the acquisition and any integration
costs are no longer considered a component of the cost of the
acquisition, but will be expensed as incurred.
SFAS No. 141(R) becomes effective with acquisitions
occurring on or after the beginning of fiscal year 2009 and
early adoption is prohibited.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160,
“Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial
Statements – an amendment to ARB No. 51,” to
establish accounting and reporting standards for noncontrolling
interests, sometimes called minority interest.
SFAS No. 160 requires that the parent report
noncontrolling interests in the equity section of the balance
sheet but separate from the parent’s equity.
SFAS No. 160 also requires clear presentation of net
income attributable to the parent and the noncontrolling
interest on the face of the income statement. All changes in the
parent’s ownership interest in the subsidiary must be
accounted for consistently. Deconsolidation of the subsidiary
requires the recognition of a gain or loss using the fair value
of the noncontrolling equity investment rather than the carrying
value. SFAS No. 160 becomes effective at the beginning
of fiscal year 2009 on a prospective basis. We do not expect our
adoption of SFAS No. 160 to have a significant impact
on our financial statements. In the first quarter of fiscal
year 2009, we will include the required disclosures for all
periods presented.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161,
“Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities – an amendment of FASB Statement
No. 133.” SFAS No. 161 requires enhanced
disclosures about an entity’s derivative and hedging
activities. SFAS No. 161 requires that entities
provide disclosure regarding how and when an entity uses
derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related
hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133 and
its related interpretations, and how derivative instruments and
related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position,
financial performance and cash flows. The disclosure provisions
of SFAS No. 161 become effective as of the beginning
of fiscal year 2009.
2.
Investments
Equity securities classified as
available-for-sale
are carried at fair value and included in “Other
assets” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Estimated fair
values were $1.7 million and $1.6 million as of the
end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively. Unrealized
gains and losses representing the difference between carrying
amounts and fair value are recorded in the “Accumulated
other comprehensive (loss) income” component of
shareholders’ equity. These unrealized losses, net of
taxes, were $0.2 million and $0.3 million as of the
end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively.
As of the end of fiscal year 2008, investments included common
stock of Northfield Laboratories, Inc. (“Northfield”).
As a result of a significant decline in market valuation of our
investment in Northfield, and in
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
accordance with SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for
Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities”, and
EITF Issue
No. 03-1,
“The Meaning of
Other-Than-Temporary
Impairment and its Application to Certain Investments”, we
adjusted our investment in Northfield in fiscal years 2007 and
2006 to reflect the fair value and recorded these adjustments
into income. The realized marketable securities impairment on
the Northfield investment resulted in a non-cash charge to
income of $4.0 million and $7.3 million in fiscal
years 2007 and 2006, respectively.
In fiscal year 2007, we purchased a 20 percent interest in
a joint venture that owns Agrima. Agrima produces, sells and
distributes PepsiCo branded products and other beverages
throughout Bulgaria. This investment was reflected in
“Other assets” on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
3.
Acquisitions
In fiscal year 2007, we entered into a joint venture agreement
with PepsiCo to purchase the outstanding common stock of
Sandora. Under the terms of the joint venture agreement, we hold
a 60 percent interest and PepsiCo holds a 40 percent
interest in the joint venture. The preliminary purchase price of
$679.4 million increased to $680.4 million as a result
of additional payments for acquisition costs in fiscal year
2008. The total purchase price of $680.4 million was net of
cash received of $3.0 million. Of the total purchase price,
our interest was $408.2 million. As part of the
acquisition, the joint venture acquired $72.5 million of
debt, which was retired in fiscal year 2008.
The following information summarizes the allocation of the final
purchase price of the Sandora acquisition (in millions):
Goodwill
$
430.6
Trademark and tradenames
116.0
Customer relationships and lists
48.2
Net assets assumed, net of cash acquired
142.5
Deferred tax liabilities
(56.9
)
Total
$
680.4
In fiscal year 2005, we acquired 49 percent of the
outstanding stock of QABCL for $51.0 million. QABCL is a
holding company that, through subsidiaries, produces, sells and
distributes PepsiCo branded and other beverages throughout
Romania with distribution rights in Moldova. In fiscal year
2006, we acquired the remaining 51 percent of the
outstanding stock of QABCL for $81.9 million, net of
$17.0 million cash acquired. We acquired $55.4 million
of debt as part of the acquisition, which was retired in fiscal
year 2006. The increase in the purchase price for the remainder
of QABCL compared to the original investment was due to the
improved operating performance subsequent to the initial
acquisition of our 49 percent minority interest.
The following information summarizes the allocation of the
purchase price of the QABCL acquisition (in millions):
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
The following unaudited pro forma information is provided for
acquisitions assuming the Romania and Sandora acquisitions
occurred as of the beginning of fiscal year 2006 (in millions,
except per share amounts):
2007
2006
Net sales
$
4,713.3
$
4,286.9
Operating income
473.7
402.8
Net income
210.6
151.2
Earnings per share:
Basic
$
1.66
$
1.18
Diluted
1.63
1.16
In fiscal year 2006, we also completed the acquisition of Ardea
Beverage Co. (“Ardea”), the maker of the airforce
Nutrisoda line of soft drinks, for $6.6 million. The
purchase agreement contained contingent consideration that was
finalized in fiscal year 2007. The amount of additional
consideration paid for Ardea was $3.3 million.
4.
Goodwill
and Intangible Assets
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by geographic
segment for fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were as follows (in
millions):
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
Intangible asset balances as of the end of fiscal years 2008 and
2007 were as follows (in millions):
2008
2007
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Gross carrying amount:
Trademarks and tradenames
$
—
$
109.0
Customer relationships and lists
57.3
56.2
Franchise and distribution agreements
3.3
3.3
Other
2.5
2.9
Total
$
63.1
$
171.4
Accumulated amortization:
Trademarks and tradenames
$
—
$
(1.2
)
Customer relationships and lists
(11.9
)
(6.3
)
Franchise and distribution agreements
(1.2
)
(1.1
)
Other
(0.6
)
(0.8
)
Total
$
(13.7
)
$
(9.4
)
Intangible assets subject to amortization, net
$
49.4
$
162.0
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Franchise and distribution agreements
362.3
383.6
Trademarks and tradenames
86.9
—
Total
$
449.2
$
383.6
Total intangible assets, net
$
498.6
$
545.6
Sandora was acquired in fiscal year 2007 by a joint venture in
which we hold a 60 percent interest. The process of valuing
the assets, liabilities and intangibles acquired in connection
with the Sandora acquisition was completed in the second quarter
of 2008 and resulted in an allocation of $430.6 million to
goodwill, $116.0 million to trademarks and tradenames and
$48.2 million to customer relationships and lists. In
fiscal year 2007 based on our preliminary valuation, we
amortized trademarks and tradenames over 20 to 30 years and
the customer relationships and lists over 3 to 10 years.
After the final valuation of the assets, liabilities and
intangibles was completed, we assigned an indefinite life to the
trademarks and tradenames and a useful life of 7 to
10 years for the customer relationships and lists.
Amortization expense in fiscal year 2008 included a cumulative
benefit of $2.3 million related to the final Sandora
valuation.
The process of valuing the assets, liabilities and intangibles
acquired in connection with the acquisition of QABCL was
completed in the second quarter of 2007 and resulted in an
allocation of $46.4 million to goodwill, $92.5 million
to franchise and distribution agreements and $16.0 million
to customer relationship and lists in CEE. We assigned an
indefinite life to the franchise and distribution agreement
intangible asset. The customer relationships and lists are being
amortized over 8 years.
We increased goodwill by $0.2 million in fiscal year 2008
and reduced goodwill by $0.8 million in fiscal year 2007
due to adjustments associated with net operating loss
carryforwards acquired in prior year acquisitions.
In the third quarter of 2008, we initiated a strategic
restructuring of the Caribbean operations to streamline
operations and improve profitability. In the Bahamas, we no
longer produce our products locally but instead utilize a
third-party distributor and source our products from other
locations. As a result of this change in our business model in
that country, the franchise right intangible asset associated
with the Bahamas
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
was impaired. We recorded a $2.9 million impairment of the
entire franchise right intangible asset, which was included in
“Special charges and adjustments” on the Consolidated
Statement of Income.
For intangible assets subject to amortization, we calculate
amortization expense over the period we expect to receive
economic benefit. Total amortization expense was
$7.3 million, $6.6 million and $1.2 million in
fiscal years 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively. The increase in
amortization expense in fiscal year 2007 was due to the
recognition and amortization of intangible assets associated
with the Romania and Sandora acquisitions. The estimated
aggregate amortization expense over each of the next five years
is expected to be $8.5 million per year.
5.
Special
Charges and Adjustments
2008 Charges. In fiscal year 2008, we
recorded special charges and adjustments totaling
$23.0 million. We recorded special charges of
$16.8 million. In the Caribbean, we recorded
$9.0 million of special charges, which consisted of
severance and impairment charges that included a
$2.9 million impairment charge related to an intangible
asset and a $3.0 million impairment of fixed assets. As a
result of various realignment initiatives, we recorded special
charges of $4.1 million in the U.S. and
$1.3 million in CEE related to severance, fixed asset
impairment and lease termination costs. We also recorded a legal
contingency of $2.4 million in our CEE operations.
In fiscal year 2008, we determined that we had improperly
accounted for certain U.S. employee benefit obligations in
prior years. Accordingly, we recorded an
out-of-period
accounting adjustment of $6.2 million to properly state the
benefit obligation as of the end of fiscal year 2008. This
adjustment was recorded as an increase in “Other current
liabilities” in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, and is not
included in the special charges table below.
2007 Charges. In fiscal year 2007, we
recorded special charges of $6.3 million. In the U.S., we
recorded $4.8 million of special charges primarily related
to severance and relocation costs associated with our strategic
realignment to further strengthen our customer focused
go-to-market
strategy. In CEE, we recorded special charges of
$1.5 million related to lease termination costs in Hungary
and associated severance costs.
2006 Charges. In fiscal year 2006, we
recorded special charges of $13.7 million. We recorded
special charges of $11.5 million in the U.S. related
to our previously announced strategic realignment of the
U.S. sales organization, primarily for severance,
relocation and other employee-related costs, including the
acceleration of vesting of certain restricted stock awards and
consulting services incurred in connection with the realignment
project. In addition, we recorded special charges in CEE of
$2.2 million. The special charges related primarily to a
reduction in the workforce and were for severance costs and
related benefits.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
The following table summarizes the activity associated with
special charges during the periods presented (in millions):
Application of
Beginning of
Non-Cash
End of
Fiscal Year
Special
Cash
Special
Fiscal Year
2008
Charges
Outlays
Charges
2008
2008 Charges
Employee-related costs
$
0.2
$
7.8
$
(5.7
)
$
—
$
2.3
Lease terminations and other costs
0.9
0.3
(1.0
)
—
0.2
Asset write-downs
—
8.7
—
(8.7
)
—
Total accrued liabilities
$
1.1
$
16.8
$
(6.7
)
$
(8.7
)
$
2.5
Application of
Beginning of
Non-Cash
End of
Fiscal Year
Special
Cash
Special
Fiscal Year
2007
Charges
Outlays
Charges
2007
2007 Charges
Employee-related costs
$
9.1
$
5.4
$
(14.3
)
$
—
$
0.2
Vesting of restricted stock awards
2.0
—
—
(2.0
)
—
Lease terminations and other costs
—
0.9
—
—
0.9
Total accrued liabilities
$
11.1
$
6.3
$
(14.3
)
$
(2.0
)
$
1.1
Application of
Beginning of
Non-Cash
End of
Fiscal Year
Special
Cash
Special
Fiscal Year
2006
Charges
Outlays
Charges
2006
2006 Charges
Employee-related costs
$
—
$
11.5
$
(2.4
)
$
—
$
9.1
Vesting of restricted stock awards
—
2.0
—
—
2.0
Lease terminations and other costs
—
0.1
(0.2
)
0.1
—
Asset write-downs
—
0.1
—
(0.1
)
—
Total accrued liabilities
$
—
$
13.7
$
(2.6
)
$
—
$
11.1
The total accrued liabilities remaining as of the end of the
fiscal year 2008 were comprised of severance payments, lease
terminations and other costs. We expect the remaining liability
to be paid using cash from operations during the next
12 months; accordingly, such amounts are classified as
“Other current liabilities” in the Consolidated
Balance Sheet.
6. Interest
Expense, Net
Interest expense, net, was comprised of the following (in
millions):
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
7.
Income
Taxes
Income taxes were comprised of the following (in millions):
2008
2007
2006
Current:
Federal
$
68.1
$
78.2
$
85.2
Foreign
35.3
19.8
1.9
State and local
4.8
7.9
5.9
Total current
108.2
105.9
93.0
Deferred:
Federal
(1.6
)
0.9
(7.4
)
Foreign
(0.3
)
5.2
4.0
State and local
1.5
—
0.9
Total deferred
(0.4
)
6.1
(2.5
)
Income tax provision
$
107.8
$
112.0
$
90.5
The U.S. and foreign components of income before income
taxes, minority interest and equity in net (loss) earnings of
nonconsolidated companies is set forth in the table below (in
millions):
2008
2007
2006
U.S.
$
202.5
$
232.5
$
231.1
Foreign
151.7
93.8
11.9
$
354.2
$
326.3
$
243.0
The table below reconciles the income tax provision at the
U.S. federal statutory rate to our actual income tax
provision (in millions):
2008
2007
2006
Amount
Percent
Amount
Percent
Amount
Percent
Income taxes at the federal statutory rate
$
124.0
35.0
$
114.2
35.0
$
85.1
35.0
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
Deferred income taxes are attributable to temporary differences,
which exist between the financial statement bases and tax bases
of certain assets and liabilities. As of the end of fiscal years
2008 and 2007, deferred income taxes (including discontinued
operations) are attributable to (in millions):
2008
2007
Deferred tax assets:
Foreign net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards
$
19.3
$
23.5
U.S. state net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards
14.9
14.0
Provision for special charges and previously sold businesses
15.2
14.1
Unrealized net losses on investments and cash flow hedges
29.0
14.7
Pension and postretirement benefits
26.9
0.4
Deferred compensation
16.9
25.3
Other
17.0
10.3
Gross deferred tax assets
139.2
102.3
Valuation allowance
(30.4
)
(30.2
)
Net deferred tax assets
108.8
72.1
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property
(122.2
)
(129.2
)
Intangible assets
(201.9
)
(202.0
)
Other
(1.6
)
(2.2
)
Total deferred tax liabilities
(325.7
)
(333.4
)
Net deferred tax liability
$
(216.9
)
$
(261.3
)
Net deferred tax liability included in:
Other current assets
$
20.7
$
21.2
Deferred income taxes
(237.6
)
(282.5
)
Net deferred tax liability
$
(216.9
)
$
(261.3
)
In connection with the merger with the former PepsiAmericas, we
became the successor to certain U.S. federal, state and
foreign net operating losses (“NOLs”) and tax credit
carryforwards. We have, and continue to generate, NOLs related
to certain U.S. states and certain foreign jurisdictions.
As of the end of fiscal year 2008, our foreign NOLs amounted to
$74.8 million, which expire at various periods from 2009
through 2016, except for $15.2 million that do not expire.
Utilization of state NOLs and foreign NOLs is limited by various
state and international tax laws. We have provided a valuation
allowance against all of our state NOLs and a portion of our
foreign NOLs. These valuation allowances reflect the uncertainty
of our ability to fully utilize these benefits given the limited
carryforward periods permitted by the various taxing
jurisdictions.
Deferred taxes are not recognized for temporary differences
related to investments in foreign subsidiaries that are
essentially permanent in duration. As of the end of fiscal year
2008, we have cumulative undistributed earnings of
$209.2 million.
In fiscal year 2008, we recorded a $0.2 million increase to
goodwill related to the settlement of preacquisition tax
liabilities in the U.S. In fiscal year 2007, we recorded a
$0.8 million decrease to goodwill to record NOLs for the
Ardea acquisition.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
We adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for
Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an Interpretation of
FASB Statement No. 109” as of the beginning of fiscal
year 2007. As a result of the implementation, we recorded a
$0.6 million increase to the beginning balance in retained
income on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of the beginning of
fiscal year 2007, we had approximately $25.9 million of
total unrecognized tax benefits. Of this total,
$15.4 million (net of the federal income tax benefit on
state tax issues and interest) would favorably impact the
effective income tax rate in any future period, if recognized.
During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, our gross unrecognized tax
benefits decreased by $0.6 and increased by $10.5 million,
respectively. Of the 2007 decrease, $6.7 million was due to
tax positions from prior periods for which a deferred tax asset
was recorded.
The table below reconciles the changes in the gross unrecognized
tax benefits for fiscal years 2008 and 2007:
2008
2007
Balance as of the beginning of fiscal year
$
36.4
$
25.9
Increases due to tax positions in prior period
0.9
7.8
Decreases due to tax positions in prior period
(2.8
)
(0.1
)
Increases due to tax positions in current period
2.3
5.2
Lapse of statute of limitations
(1.0
)
(2.4
)
Balance as of the end of fiscal year
$
35.8
$
36.4
During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, the net unrecognized tax
benefits that impacted our effective tax rate decreased by
$1.0 million and increased by $1.6 million,
respectively. As of the end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007, we
had total unrecognized tax benefits of $35.8 million and
$36.4 million, of which $16.0 million and
$17.0 million (net of the federal income tax benefit on
state tax issues and interest), respectively, would favorably
impact the effective income tax rate in any future period, if
recognized. During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, we recorded
$2.5 million and $2.4 million, respectively, of gross
interest related to unrecognized tax benefits.
During the next 12 months it is reasonably possible that a
reduction of gross unrecognized tax benefits will occur in a
range of $4 million to $7 million as a result of the
resolution of positions taken on previously filed returns.
We are subject to U.S. federal income tax, state income tax
in multiple state tax jurisdictions, and foreign income tax in
our CEE and Caribbean tax jurisdictions. Currently, our
U.S. federal income tax returns are under examination for
fiscal years 2006 and 2007. Fiscal year 2005 is currently not
under examination but is still subject to future review subject
to the applicable statute of limitations. We have concluded all
U.S. federal income tax examinations for years through
2004. The following table summarizes the years that are subject
to examination for each primary jurisdiction as of the end of
fiscal year 2008:
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
Upon adoption of FIN 48, our policy is to recognize
interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income
tax expense. Formerly, interest was recorded in interest
expense. We had $9.0 million, $6.5 million and
$4.1 million accrued for interest and no amount accrued for
penalties as of the end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007 and upon
adoption of FIN 48, respectively.
8.
Sales of
Receivables
In fiscal year 2002, Whitman Finance, our special purpose entity
and wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into an agreement (the
“Securitization”) with a major U.S. financial
institution to sell an undivided interest in its receivables.
The Securitization involves the sale of receivables, on a
revolving basis, by our U.S. bottling subsidiaries to
Whitman Finance, which in turn sells an undivided interest in
the revolving pool of receivables to the financial institution.
The potential amount of receivables eligible for sale is
determined based on the size and characteristics of the
receivables pool but cannot exceed $150 million based on
the terms of the agreement. As of the end of fiscal year 2008,
the maximum amount of receivables eligible for sale was
$150 million. Costs related to this arrangement, including
losses on the sale of receivables, are included in
“Interest expense, net.” See Note 24 for
additional information.
The receivables sold to Whitman Finance under the Securitization
program totaled $248.5 million and $261.8 million as
of the end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Receivables for which an undivided ownership interest was sold
to the financial institution were $150 million as of the
end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007, which were reflected as a
reduction in our receivables in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The receivables were sold to the financial institution at a
discount, which resulted in losses of $5.2 million,
$7.0 million and $8.1 million in fiscal years 2008,
2007 and 2006, respectively, and are recorded in “Interest
expense, net” on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The
retained interests of $96.1 million and $108.1 million
are included in receivables at fair value as of the end of
fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively. The fair value
incorporates expected credit losses, which are based on specific
identification of uncollectible accounts and application of
historical collection percentages by aging category. Since
substantially all receivables sold to Whitman Finance carry
30-day
payment terms, the retained interest is not discounted. The
weighted-average key credit loss assumption used in measuring
the retained interests as of the end of fiscal years 2008 and
2007, including the sensitivity of the current fair value of
retained interests as of the end of fiscal year 2008 related to
immediate 10 percent and 20 percent adverse changes in
the credit loss assumption, are as follows (in millions):
As of Fiscal Year End 2008
As of Fiscal
10% Adverse
20% Adverse
Year End 2007
Actual
Change
Change
Expected credit losses
1.4
%
1.0
%
1.1
%
1.2
%
Fair value of retained interests
$
108.1
$
96.1
$
95.8
$
95.6
The above sensitivity analysis is hypothetical and should be
used with caution. Changes in fair value based on a
10 percent or 20 percent variation should not be
extrapolated because the relationship of the change in
assumption to the change in fair value may not always be linear.
Whitman Finance had $1.1 million and $1.6 million of
net receivables over 60 days past due as of the end of
fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively. Whitman Finance’s
credit losses (recoveries) were $0.9 million,
($0.4) million and $0.7 million in fiscal years 2008,
2007 and 2006, respectively.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
9.
Receivables
and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Receivables, net of allowance, as of the end of fiscal years
2008 and 2007 consisted of the following (in millions):
2008
2007
Trade receivables, net of securitization
$
268.0
$
290.6
Funding and rebates, net
39.7
42.3
Other receivables
11.3
12.4
Allowance for doubtful accounts
(13.5
)
(14.7
)
Receivables, net of allowance
$
305.5
$
330.6
The changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts for fiscal
years 2008, 2007 and 2006 were as follows (in millions):
2008
2007
2006
Balance as of the beginning of year
$
14.7
$
16.1
$
15.2
Provision for losses
3.0
0.6
2.8
Write-offs and recoveries
(2.9
)
(3.3
)
(3.7
)
Acquisitions
—
0.1
0.8
Foreign currency translation
(1.3
)
1.2
1.0
Balance as of the end of fiscal year
$
13.5
$
14.7
$
16.1
The purpose of the allowance is to provide an estimate of losses
with respect to trade receivables. Our estimate in each period
requires consideration of historical loss experience, judgments
about the impact of present economic conditions, in addition to
specific losses for known accounts.
10.
Payables
Payables as of the end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007 consisted
of the following (in millions):
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
11.
Debt
Long-term debt as of the end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007
consisted of the following (in millions):
2008
2007
6.375% notes due 2009
$
150.0
$
150.0
5.625% notes due 2011
250.0
250.0
5.75% notes due 2012
300.0
300.0
4.5% notes due 2013
150.0
150.0
4.875% notes due 2015
300.0
300.0
5.00% notes due 2017
250.0
250.0
7.44% notes due 2026
25.0
25.0
7.29% notes due 2026
100.0
100.0
5.50% notes due 2035
250.0
250.0
Various other debt
14.2
59.3
Capital lease obligations
15.3
20.3
Fair value adjustment from interest rate swaps
0.9
3.6
Unamortized discount
(4.7
)
(5.8
)
Total debt
1,800.7
1,852.4
Less: amount included in short-term debt
158.4
48.9
Total long-term debt
$
1,642.3
$
1,803.5
Our debt agreements contain a number of covenants that limit,
among other things, the creation of liens, sale and leaseback
transactions and the general sale of assets. Our revolving
credit agreement requires us to maintain an interest coverage
ratio. We are in compliance with all of our financial covenants.
Substantially all of our debt securities are unsecured, senior
debt obligations and rank equally with all of our other
unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness.
In fiscal year 2007, we issued $300 million of notes with a
coupon rate of 5.75 percent due July 2012. Net proceeds
from this transaction were $297.2 million, which reflected
the discount reduction of $0.8 million and debt issuance
costs of $2.0 million. The net proceeds from the issuance
of the notes were used to fund the acquisition of Sandora, to
repay commercial paper and for other general corporate purposes.
The notes were issued from our automatic shelf registration
statement filed May 16, 2006 (the “Registration
Statement”). Additional debt securities may be offered
under the Registration Statement, which expires on May 16,2009. In fiscal year 2007, we also borrowed $1.0 million in
long-term debt in the Bahamas.
During fiscal year 2008, we repaid $47.5 million of
long-term debt acquired as part of the Sandora acquisition.
Included in this payment was $2.5 million of prepayment
penalty fees. During fiscal year 2007, we paid
$11.6 million at maturity of the 8.25 percent notes
due February 2007 and $27.4 million at maturity of the
3.875 percent notes due September 2007.
We utilize revolving credit facilities both in the U.S. and
in our international operations to fund
short-term
financing needs, primarily for working capital. In the U.S., we
have an unsecured revolving credit facility under which we can
borrow up to an aggregate of $600 million. The facility is
for general corporate purposes, including commercial paper
backstop. It is our policy to maintain a committed bank facility
as backup financing for our commercial paper program. The
interest rates on the revolving credit facility, which expires
in 2011, are based primarily on the London Interbank Offered
Rate. Accordingly, we have a total of $600 million
available under our commercial paper program and revolving
credit facility combined. There were $365.0 million and
$269.5 million of borrowings under the commercial paper
program as of the end of
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively. The weighted-average
borrowings under the commercial paper program during fiscal
years 2008 and 2007 were $395.8 million and
$209.9 million, respectively. The weighted-average interest
rate for borrowings outstanding under the commercial paper
program during fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were 2.7 percent
and 5.1 percent, respectively.
Certain wholly-owned subsidiaries maintain operating lines of
credit for general operating needs. Interest rates are based
primarily upon Interbank Offered Rates for borrowings in the
subsidiaries’ local currencies. The outstanding balances
were $1.6 million and $19.3 million as of the end of
fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively, and were recorded in
“Short-term debt, including current maturities of long-term
debt” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The amounts of long-term debt, excluding obligations under
capital leases, scheduled to mature in the next five years are
as follows (in millions):
2009
$
155.2
2010
—
2011
250.0
2012
300.0
2013
150.0
The fiscal year 2009 amount contains $5.2 million of debt
that was recorded in the Caribbean operations and is reflected
as “Various other debt” in the summary of long-term
debt table.
12.
Leases
We have entered into noncancelable lease commitments under
operating and capital leases for fleet vehicles, computer
equipment (including both software and hardware), land,
buildings, machinery and equipment.
As of the end of fiscal year 2008, annual minimum rental
payments required under capital leases and operating leases that
have initial noncancelable terms in excess of one year were as
follows (in millions):
Capital Leases
Operating Leases
2009
$
4.0
$
19.0
2010
3.8
16.3
2011
3.8
11.1
2012
3.4
6.3
2013
2.2
5.3
Thereafter
—
48.4
Total minimum lease payments
17.2
$
106.4
Less: imputed interest
(1.9
)
Present value of minimum lease payments
$
15.3
Total rent expense applicable to operating leases was
$35.3 million, $26.7 million and $26.4 million in
fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. A majority of
our leases provide that we pay taxes, maintenance, insurance and
certain other operating expenses.
13.
Financial
Instruments
We use derivative financial instruments to reduce our exposure
to adverse fluctuations in commodity prices and interest rates.
These financial instruments are
“over-the-counter”
instruments and generally were
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
designated at their inception as hedges of underlying exposures.
We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative
or trading purposes.
Cash flow hedges. Periodically, we have
entered into derivative financial instruments to hedge against
the volatility in future cash flows on anticipated aluminum and
natural gas purchases, the prices of which are indexed to their
respective market prices. In fiscal year 2008, we also entered
into foreign currency derivative contracts to hedge the
volatility of foreign currency rates for purchases of raw
materials for which payment is settled in a currency other than
our local operations’ functional currency. We consider
these hedges to be highly effective, because of the high
correlation between the commodity prices and our contractual
costs.
In anticipation of long-term debt issuances, we have entered
into treasury rate lock instruments and forward starting swap
agreements. We accounted for these treasury rate lock
instruments and forward starting swap agreements as cash flow
hedges, as each hedged against the variability of interest
payments attributable to changes in interest rates on the
forecasted issuance of fixed-rate debt. These treasury rate
locks and the forward starting swap agreements were considered
highly effective in eliminating the variability of cash flows
associated with the forecasted debt issuance.
The following table summarizes the net derivative losses
deferred into “Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)
income” and reclassified to income, net of income taxes, in
fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006 (in millions):
2008
2007
2006
Balance as of the beginning of fiscal year
$
(2.7
)
$
(3.3
)
$
(2.4
)
Deferral of net derivative losses in accumulated
other comprehensive (loss) income
(15.6
)
(0.2
)
(0.1
)
Reclassification of net derivative (losses) gains to income
(1.6
)
0.8
(0.8
)
Balance as of the end of fiscal year
$
(19.9
)
$
(2.7
)
$
(3.3
)
Fair value hedges. Periodically, we
have entered into interest rate swap contracts to convert a
portion of our fixed rate debt to floating rate debt, with the
objective of reducing overall borrowing costs. We account for
these swaps as fair value hedges, since they hedge against the
change in fair value of fixed rate debt resulting from
fluctuations in interest rates. In fiscal year 2004, we
terminated all outstanding interest rate swap contracts and
received $14.4 million for the fair value of the interest
rate swap contracts. Amounts included in the cumulative fair
value adjustment to long-term debt will be reclassified into
earnings commensurate with the recognition of the related
interest expense. As of the end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007,
the cumulative fair value adjustments to long-term debt were
$0.9 million and $3.6 million, respectively.
Derivatives not designated as
hedges. During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, we
have entered into heating oil swap contracts to hedge against
volatility in future cash flows on anticipated purchases of
diesel fuel. These derivative financial instruments were not
designated as hedging instruments. All outstanding heating oil
swap contracts were settled by the end of fiscal years 2008 and
2007, and therefore, we have not recorded any unrealized gains
or losses associated with these contracts in the Consolidated
Statements of Income. Realized gains and losses were recorded in
cost of goods sold and SD&A expenses where the associated
diesel fuel purchases were recorded. During fiscal year 2008,
$1.0 million and $3.0 million of realized losses were
recorded in cost of goods sold and SD&A expenses,
respectively. During fiscal year 2007, $2.7 million and
$3.8 million of realized gains were recorded in costs of
goods sold and SD&A expenses, respectively.
Other financial instruments. The
carrying amounts of other financial assets and liabilities,
including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable,
accounts payable and other accrued expenses, approximate fair
values due to their short maturity.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
The fair value of our floating rate debt as of the end of fiscal
years 2008 and 2007 approximated its carrying amount. Our fixed
rate debt, which includes capital lease obligations, had a
carrying amount of $1,800.7 million and an estimated fair
value of $1,807.9 million as of fiscal year end 2008. As of
the end of fiscal year 2007, our fixed rate debt had a carrying
amount of $1,852.4 million and an estimated fair value of
$1,845.7 million. The fair value of the fixed rate debt was
based upon quotes from financial institutions for instruments
with similar characteristics or upon discounting future cash
flows.
14.
Fair
Value Measurements
SFAS No. 157 defines and establishes a framework for
measuring fair value and expands disclosure about fair value
measurements. Furthermore, SFAS No. 157 specifies a
hierarchy of valuation techniques based upon whether the inputs
to those valuation techniques reflect assumptions other market
participants would use based upon market data obtained from
independent sources (observable inputs) or reflect our own
assumptions of market participant valuation (unobservable
inputs). In accordance with SFAS No. 157, we have
categorized our financial assets and liabilities, based on the
priority of the inputs to the valuation technique, into a
three-level
fair value hierarchy as set forth below. If the inputs used to
measure the financial instruments fall within different levels
of the hierarchy, the categorization is based on the lowest
level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of
the instrument.
Financial assets and liabilities recorded on the Consolidated
Balance Sheet are categorized on the inputs to the valuation
techniques as follows:
Level 1 — Financial assets and
liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices
for identical assets or liabilities in an active market that the
company has the ability to access at the measurement date
(examples include active exchange-traded equity securities,
listed derivatives, and most U.S. Government and agency
securities).
Level 2 — Financial assets and
liabilities whose values are based on quoted prices in markets
where trading occurs infrequently or whose values are based on
quoted prices of instruments with similar attributes in active
markets. Level 2 inputs include the following:
•
Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active
markets;
•
Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in
non-active markets (examples include corporate and municipal
bonds which trade infrequently);
•
Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for
substantially the full term of the asset or liability (examples
include interest rate and currency swaps); and
•
Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by
observable market data for substantially the full term of the
asset or liability (examples include certain securities and
derivatives).
Level 3 — Financial assets and
liabilities whose values are based on prices or valuation
techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and
significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs
reflect management’s own assumptions about the assumptions
a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
The following table summarizes our financial assets and
liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of
the end of fiscal year 2008 (in millions):
Quoted Prices
in Active
Significant
Markets for
Other
Significant
End of
Identical
Observable
Unobservable
Fiscal Year
Assets
Inputs
Inputs
2008
(Level 1)
(Level 2)
(Level 3)
Available-for-sale
equity securities
$
1.7
$
1.7
$
—
$
—
Deferred compensation plan assets
4.5
4.5
—
—
Derivative assets
8.9
—
8.9
—
Total assets
$
15.1
$
6.2
$
8.9
$
—
Deferred compensation plan liabilities
$
32.7
$
—
$
32.7
$
—
Derivative liabilities
39.1
—
39.1
—
Total liabilities
$
71.8
$
—
$
71.8
$
—
Available-for-sale
equity securities. As of the end of the
fiscal year 2008, our
available-for-sale
equity securities consisted of common stock of Northfield
Laboratories, Inc. Our
available-for-sale
equity securities are valued using quoted market prices
multiplied by the number of shares owned.
Deferred compensation plan assets and
liabilities. We maintain a self-directed,
non-qualified deferred compensation plan for certain executives
and other highly compensated employees. In addition, we maintain
assets for a portion of the deferred compensation plans in a
rabbi trust. Our rabbi trust funds are invested in money market
accounts, which are adjusted monthly for any accrued interest.
Our unfunded deferred compensation liability is subject to
changes in our stock prices as well as price changes in other
equity and fixed-income investments. Employees’ deferred
compensation amounts are not directly invested in these
investment vehicles. We track the performance of each
employee’s investment selections and adjust the deferred
compensation liability accordingly. The fair value of the
unfunded deferred compensation liability is primarily based on
the market indices corresponding to the employees’
investment selections.
Derivative assets and liabilities. We
calculate derivative asset and liability amounts using a variety
of valuation techniques, depending on the specific
characteristics of the hedging instrument. The fair values of
our interest rate, foreign exchange and commodity contracts are
primarily based on observable interest rate yields, forward
foreign exchange and commodity rates.
15.
Pension
and Other Postretirement Plans
Company-sponsored defined benefit pension
plans. Prior to December 31, 2001,
salaried employees were provided pension benefits based on years
of service that generally were limited to a maximum of
20 percent of the employee’s average annual
compensation during the five years preceding retirement. Plans
covering non-union hourly employees generally provided benefits
of stated amounts for each year of service. Plan assets are
invested primarily in common stocks, corporate bonds and
government securities. In connection with the integration of the
former Whitman Corporation and the former PepsiAmericas
U.S. benefit plans during the first quarter of 2001, we
amended our pension plans to freeze pension benefit accruals for
substantially all salaried and non-union employees effective
December 31, 2001. Employees age 50 or older with 10
or more years of vesting service were grandfathered such that
they will continue to accrue benefits after December 31,2001 based on their final average pay as of December 31,2001. The existing U.S. salaried and non-union pension
plans were replaced by an additional employer contribution to
the 401(k) plan beginning January 1, 2002.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
Postretirement benefits other than
pensions. We provide substantially all former
U.S. salaried employees who retired prior to July 1,
1989 and certain other employees in the U.S., including certain
employees in the territories acquired from PepsiCo, with certain
life and health care benefits. U.S. salaried employees
retiring after July 1, 1989, except covered employees in
the territories acquired from PepsiCo in 1999, generally are
required to pay the full cost of these benefits. Effective
January 1, 2000, non-union hourly employees are also
eligible for coverage under these plans, but are also required
to pay the full cost of the benefits. Eligibility for these
benefits varies with the employee’s classification prior to
retirement. Benefits are provided through insurance contracts or
welfare trust funds. The insured plans generally are financed by
monthly insurance premiums and are based upon the prior
year’s experience. Benefits paid from the welfare trust are
financed by monthly deposits that approximate the amount of
current claims and expenses. We have the right to modify or
terminate these benefits.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158,
“Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and
Other Postretirement Plans.” SFAS No. 158
requires, among other things, that we fully recognize the funded
status associated with our defined benefit pension and other
postretirement benefit plans on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Each overfunded plan is recognized as an asset and each
underfunded plan is recognized as a liability. Any unrecognized
prior service costs or credits and net actuarial gains and
losses as well as subsequent changes in the funded status is
recognized as a component of “Accumulated other
comprehensive (loss) income” in shareholders’ equity.
The recognition provisions of SFAS No. 158 were
effective as of the end of fiscal year 2006. We are also
required to measure our plans’ assets and liabilities as of
the end of our fiscal year instead of the previous measurement
date of September 30. The measurement date provision of
SFAS No. 158 was adopted as of the beginning of fiscal
year 2008. As a result of the implementation, we recorded a
$0.2 million decrease to the beginning balance in retained
income on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
The following tables outline the changes in benefit obligations
and fair values of plan assets for our pension plans and
postretirement benefits other than pensions and reconcile the
pension plans’ funded status to the amounts recognized in
our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the end of fiscal years
2008 and 2007 (in millions):
Pension Plans
Other Postretirement Plan
2008
2007
2008
2007
Change in Benefit Obligation:
Benefit obligation as of the beginning of fiscal year
$
177.4
$
176.6
$
18.4
$
20.1
Service cost
4.3
3.4
0.1
—
Interest cost
13.7
10.7
1.3
1.1
Plan participant contributions
—
—
1.4
1.2
Amendments
1.7
0.6
—
—
Actuarial loss (gain)
12.9
(5.5
)
(0.2
)
(2.0
)
Benefits paid
(11.3
)
(8.4
)
(2.4
)
(2.0
)
Benefit obligation as of the end of fiscal year
$
198.7
$
177.4
$
18.6
$
18.4
Change in Fair Value of Plan Assets:
Plan assets as of the beginning of fiscal year
$
192.2
$
176.5
$
—
$
—
Actual return on plan assets
(52.7
)
23.2
—
—
Plan participant contributions
—
—
1.4
1.2
Employer contributions
5.1
0.9
1.0
0.8
Benefits paid
(11.3
)
(8.4
)
(2.4
)
(2.0
)
Plan assets as of the end of fiscal year
$
133.3
$
192.2
$
—
$
—
Funded Status
$
(65.4
)
$
14.8
$
(18.6
)
$
(18.4
)
Amounts Recognized:
Other assets
$
—
$
17.9
$
—
$
—
Accrued expenses, other
(0.3
)
(0.2
)
(1.5
)
(1.5
)
Other liabilities
(65.1
)
(2.9
)
(17.1
)
(16.9
)
Net amount recognized
$
(65.4
)
$
14.8
$
(18.6
)
$
(18.4
)
The change in benefit obligations and the change in the fair
value of plan assets in the table above reflect the
15 month period from October 1, 2007 through
December 31, 2008.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
The following table summarizes the net prior service cost
(credit) and net actuarial loss (gain) deferred into
“Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income” and
reclassified to income in fiscal year 2008 (in millions):
Other
Pension
Postretirement
Plan
Plan
Total
Net Prior Service Cost (Credit), net of tax
Balance as of the beginning of fiscal year
$
1.7
$
(0.4
)
$
1.3
Deferral of net prior service cost in accumulated other
comprehensive income
1.0
—
1.0
Reclassification of net prior service cost to income
(0.3
)
—
(0.3
)
Balance as of the end of fiscal year
$
2.4
$
(0.4
)
$
2.0
Net Actuarial Loss (Gain), net of tax
Balance as of the beginning of fiscal year
$
20.6
$
(4.1
)
$
16.5
Deferral of net actuarial losses in accumulated other
comprehensive income
52.6
0.2
52.8
Reclassification of net actuarial (losses) gains to income
(1.0
)
0.7
(0.3
)
Balance as of the end of fiscal year
$
72.2
$
(3.2
)
$
69.0
The amount of net prior service cost and net actuarial loss for
our pension plans expected to be reclassified into income during
fiscal year 2009 are $0.5 million and $4.5 million,
respectively. The amount of net actuarial gain for our other
postretirement plan expected to be reclassified into income
during fiscal year 2009 is $0.7 million. The amount of net
prior service credit expected to be reclassified into income for
the other postretirement plan is not material.
Net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit costs for
fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006 included the following
components (in millions):
Pension Benefit Costs
Other Postretirement Benefit Costs
2008
2007
2006
2008
2007
2006
Service cost
$
3.5
$
3.4
$
3.4
$
—
$
—
$
0.1
Interest cost
11.1
10.7
10.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
Expected return on plan assets
(15.3
)
(14.7
)
(13.8
)
—
—
—
Amortization of net loss
1.6
2.8
3.8
(1.2
)
(0.8
)
(0.5
)
Amortization of prior service cost
0.4
0.3
0.2
—
—
—
Net periodic cost
$
1.3
$
2.5
$
3.7
$
(0.1
)
$
0.3
$
0.7
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income amounts are
reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets net of taxes of
$41.4 million and $9.6 million as of the end of fiscal
years 2008 and 2007, respectively. We adopted the measurement
date provisions of SFAS No. 158 as of the beginning of
fiscal year 2008 thereby changing our measurement date from
September 30 to December 31.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
Pension costs are funded in amounts not less than minimum levels
required by regulation. The principal economic assumptions used
in the determination of net periodic pension cost and benefit
obligations were as follows:
Net Periodic Pension
Cost:
2008
2007
2006
Discount rates
6.49
%
6.16
%
5.75
%
Expected long-term rates of return on assets
8.50
%
8.50
%
8.50
%
Benefit Obligation:
2008
2007
2006
Discount rates
6.23
%
6.49
%
6.16
%
Expected long-term rates of return on assets
8.50
%
8.50
%
8.50
%
Discount Rate. Since pension
liabilities are measured on a discounted basis, the discount
rate is a significant assumption. An assumed discount rate is
required to be used in each pension plan actuarial valuation.
The discount rate assumption reflects the market rate for high
quality (for example, rated “AA-” or higher by
Standard & Poor’s in the U.S.), fixed-income debt
instruments based on the expected duration of the benefit
payments for our pension plans as of the annual measurement date
and is subject to change each year.
A 100 basis point increase in the discount rate would
decrease our annual pension expense by $2.4 million. A
100 basis point decrease in the discount rate would
increase our annual pension expense by $2.7 million.
Expected Return on Plan Assets. The
expected long-term return on plan assets should, over time,
approximate the actual long-term returns on pension plan assets.
The expected return on plan assets assumption is based on
historical returns and the future expectation for returns for
each asset class, as well as the target asset allocation of the
asset portfolio.
A 100 basis point increase in our expected return on plan
assets would decrease our annual pension expense by
$1.9 million. A 100 basis point decrease in our
expected return on plan assets would increase our annual pension
expense by $1.9 million.
Plans with Liabilities in Excess of Plan
Assets. The following table provides
information for those pension plans with a projected benefit
obligation, accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan
assets. The table does not include plans in which the fair value
of plan assets exceeds the projected benefit obligation and the
accumulated benefit obligation.
2008
2007
Projected benefit obligation
$
198.7
$
13.7
Accumulated benefit obligation
198.7
13.7
Fair value of plan assets
133.3
10.6
Plan Assets. Our pension plans’
weighted-average asset allocations by asset category were as
follows:
December 31,
September 30,
Asset Category
2008
2007
Equity securities
71
%
70
%
Debt securities
26
%
26
%
Other
3
%
4
%
Total
100
%
100
%
The plan’s assets are invested in the PepsiAmericas Defined
Benefit Master Trust (“Master Trust”). The Master
Trust’s investment objectives are to seek capital
appreciation with a level of current income and
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
long-term
income growth. Broad diversification by security and moderate
diversification by asset class are achieved by investing in
domestic and international equity index funds, domestic bond
index funds, and money market funds. The Master Trust’s
target investment allocations are 60 percent to
75 percent equities, 25 percent to 35 percent
bonds, and up to 5 percent in other assets. The Master
Trust does not hold any of our common stock.
Health care assumptions. The principal
economic assumptions used in the determination of net periodic
benefit cost for the postretirement benefit plan were as follows:
Net Periodic Benefit Cost:
2008
2007
2006
Discount rates
6.34
%
5.97
%
5.75
%
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year
9.00
%
9.00
%
10.00
%
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the
ultimate rate)
5.00
%
5.00
%
5.00
%
Year that the rate reached the ultimate trend rate
2012
2011
2011
Benefit Obligation:
2008
2007
2006
Discount rates
6.18
%
6.34
%
5.97
%
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year
9.00
%
9.00
%
9.00
%
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the
ultimate rate)
5.00
%
5.00
%
5.00
%
Year that the rate reached the ultimate trend rate
2017
2012
2011
Expected plan contributions. In fiscal
years 2008, 2007 and 2006, we made contributions to our pension
plans of $4.0 million, $0.9 million and
$10.0 million, respectively. In fiscal year 2009, we expect
to make a contribution of approximately $12 million to our
pension plans.
Expected benefit payments. The
following benefit payments, which reflect expected future
service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid (in millions):
Other
Pension
Postretirement
Year
Benefits
Benefits
2009
$
9.7
$
1.3
2010
10.0
1.3
2011
10.5
1.5
2012
11.0
1.5
2013
11.7
1.5
2014 - 2018
67.6
7.2
Company-sponsored defined contribution
plans. Substantially all U.S. salaried
employees and certain U.S. hourly employees participate in
voluntary, contributory defined contribution plans to which we
make partial matching contributions. Also, in connection with
the aforementioned freeze of our pension plans, we began making
supplemental contributions in 2002 to substantially all
U.S. salaried employees’ and eligible hourly
employees’ 401(k) accounts, regardless of the level of each
employee’s contributions. In addition, we make
contributions to a supplemental, non-qualified, deferred
compensation plan that provides eligible U.S. executives
with the opportunity for contributions that could not be
credited to their individual 401(k) accounts due to Internal
Revenue Code limitations. The expense recorded amounted to
$23.4 million, $20.6 million and $19.7 million in
fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Multi-employer pension plans. We
participate in a number of multi-employer pension plans, which
provide benefits to certain union employee groups. Amounts
contributed to the plans totaled $6.3 million,
$5.2 million and $5.3 million in fiscal years 2008,
2007 and 2006, respectively.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
Multi-employer postretirement medical and life
insurance. We participate in a number of
multi-employer
postretirement plans, which provide health care and survivor
benefits to union employees during their working lives and after
retirement. Portions of the benefit contributions, which cannot
be disaggregated, relate to postretirement benefits for plan
participants. Total amounts charged against income and
contributed to the plans (including benefit coverage during
participating employees’ working lives) amounted to
$21.7 million, $19.2 million and $17.9 million in
fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
16.
Stock
Repurchase Program
During fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, we repurchased a total
of 5.7 million, 2.7 million and 6.3 million
shares of our common stock, respectively, for an aggregate
purchase price of $135.0 million, $59.4 million and
$150.7 million, respectively. The purchases of these shares
were made pursuant to the share repurchase program previously
authorized by our Board of Directors. In fiscal year 2008, our
Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of 10 million
additional shares under our previously authorized repurchase
program. As of fiscal year end 2008, the total remaining shares
authorized under the repurchase program was 11.5 million
shares.
17.
Share-Based
Compensation
Our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2000 Plan”),
originally approved by shareholders in fiscal year 2000,
provides for granting incentive stock options, nonqualified
stock options, related stock appreciation rights, restricted
stock awards, restricted stock units, performance awards or any
combination of the foregoing. These awards have various vesting
provisions. All awards vest immediately upon a change in control
as defined by the 2000 Plan, with settlement of those awards in
cash.
Generally, outstanding nonqualified stock options are
exercisable during a ten-year period beginning one to three
years after the date of grant. The exercise price of all options
is equal to the fair market value on the date of grant. We
generally use treasury stock to satisfy option exercises. There
are no outstanding stock appreciation rights under the 2000 Plan
as of the end of fiscal year 2008.
Under the 2000 Plan, restricted stock awards are granted to key
members of our U.S. and Caribbean management teams and
members of our Board of Directors. Restricted stock awards
granted to employees vest in their entirety on the third
anniversary of the award. Restricted stock awards granted to
directors vest immediately upon grant. Pursuant to the terms of
such awards, directors may not sell such stock while they serve
on the Board of Directors. Dividends are paid to the holders of
restricted stock awards upon vesting. We have a policy of using
treasury stock to satisfy restricted stock award vesting. We
measure the fair value of restricted stock based upon the market
price of the underlying common stock at the date of grant.
Restricted stock units are granted to key members of our CEE
management team. The restricted stock units are payable to these
employees in cash upon vesting at the prevailing market value of
our common stock plus accrued dividends. Restricted stock units
vest after three years, which equals the employees’
requisite service period. We measure the fair value of the
restricted stock unit award liability based upon the market
price of the underlying common stock at the date of grant and
each subsequent reporting date.
Under the 2000 Plan, 14 million shares were originally
reserved for share-based awards. As of the end of fiscal year
2008, there were 3,309,731 shares available for future
grants.
Our Stock Incentive Plan (the “1982 Plan”), originally
established and approved by the shareholders in 1982, has been
subsequently amended from time to time. Most recently in 1999,
the shareholders approved an allocation of additional shares to
this plan. The types of awards and terms of the 1982 Plan are
similar to the 2000 Plan. As of the end of fiscal year 2008,
only stock options were outstanding under the 1982 Plan and such
options are included in the table below.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
Changes in options outstanding are summarized as follows:
Options Outstanding
Range of
Weighted-Average
Options
Shares
Exercise Prices
Exercise Price
Balance, fiscal year end 2005
6,941,495
$
10.81 - 22.63
$
16.57
Exercised
(1,677,651
)
10.81 - 22.63
14.84
Forfeited
(20,558
)
12.01 - 22.63
17.76
Balance, fiscal year end 2006
5,243,286
10.81 - 22.63
17.11
Exercised
(3,404,899
)
10.81 - 22.63
17.93
Forfeited
(20,145
)
12.01 - 18.92
18.03
Balance, fiscal year end 2007
1,818,242
10.81 - 22.63
15.57
Exercised
(179,208
)
11.26 - 22.63
17.22
Forfeited
(15,455
)
12.75 - 19.53
16.85
Balance, fiscal year end 2008
1,623,579
10.81 - 22.63
15.38
The Black-Scholes model was used to estimate the grant date fair
values of options. There were no options granted during fiscal
years 2008, 2007 and 2006. We recorded $0.3 million
($0.2 million net of taxes) and $2.4 million
($1.5 million net of taxes) of compensation expense related
to options in SD&A expenses in the Consolidated Statements
of Income for fiscal years 2007 and 2006, respectively, related
to the fiscal year 2004 option grant. No compensation expense
was recorded for options in fiscal year 2008 because all
outstanding options were fully vested during the first quarter
of 2007. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during
fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $1.4 million,
$33.2 million and $14.0 million, respectively. The
total intrinsic value of fully vested options as of the end of
fiscal year 2008 was $8.9 million.
The following table summarizes information regarding stock
options outstanding and exercisable as of the end of fiscal year
2008:
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
Changes in nonvested restricted stock awards are summarized as
follows:
Weighted-Average
Range of Grant-Date
Grant-Date Fair
Nonvested Shares
Shares
Fair Value
Value
Balance, fiscal year end 2005
1,645,292
$
12.01 - 24.83
$
19.15
Granted
970,877
24.31
24.31
Vested
(405,026
)
12.01 - 24.31
12.54
Forfeited
(70,512
)
18.92 - 24.31
22.78
Balance, fiscal year end 2006
2,140,631
18.92 - 24.83
22.62
Granted
990,278
22.11
22.11
Vested
(532,352
)
18.92 - 24.31
20.00
Forfeited
(134,658
)
18.92 - 24.31
22.76
Balance, fiscal year end 2007
2,463,899
22.11 - 24.31
22.96
Granted
960,973
26.30
26.30
Vested
(731,794
)
22.52 - 26.30
22.65
Forfeited
(42,457
)
22.11 - 26.30
23.87
Balance, fiscal year end 2008
2,650,621
22.11 - 26.30
24.24
The weighted-average fair value (at the date of grant) for
restricted stock awards granted in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and
2006 was $26.30, $22.11 and $24.31, respectively. We recognized
compensation expense of $20.3 million ($12.8 million
net of taxes), $18.0 million ($11.8 million net of
taxes) and $14.5 million ($9.1 million net of taxes)
in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, related to
restricted stock award grants. In fiscal year 2006, we
recognized an acceleration of vesting of certain restricted
stock awards of $2.0 million related to our
U.S. strategic realignment, which was recorded in
“Special charges and adjustments” in the Consolidated
Statement of Income. The fair value of restricted stock awards
that vested during fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006 was
$18.7 million, $10.6 million and $9.3 million,
respectively.
We grant restricted stock units to key members of management in
CEE. In fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, we granted 149,574,
83,675 and 72,900 restricted stock units, respectively, at a
weighted-average fair value of $26.30, $22.11 and $24.31,
respectively, on the date of grant. We recognized compensation
expense of $0.2 million, $3.5 million and
$1.0 million in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006,
respectively, related to restricted stock unit grants. Based on
the nature of these awards, related compensation expense varies
with the underlying value of our common stock. There were
276,844 restricted stock units outstanding as of the end of
fiscal year 2008. During fiscal year 2008, 70,710 restricted
stock units related to the 2005 grant vested, and no restricted
stock units vested in 2007 or 2006.
Cash retained as a result of excess tax benefits relating to
stock-based compensation is presented in cash flows from
financing activities on the Consolidated Statement of Cash
Flows. Tax benefits resulting from stock-based compensation
deductions in excess of amounts reported for financial reporting
purposes were $1.0 million, $12.5 million and
$6.8 million during fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006,
respectively.
As of the end of fiscal year 2008, there was $27.0 million
of total unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated
forfeitures of $2.4 million, related to nonvested
stock-based compensation arrangements. This compensation cost is
expected to be recognized over the next 1.8 years on a
weighted-average basis.
18.
Shareholder
Rights Plan and Preferred Stock
On May 20, 1999, we adopted a Shareholder Rights Plan and
declared a dividend of one preferred share purchase right (a
“Right”) for each outstanding share of our common
stock, par value $0.01 per share. The
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
dividend was paid on June 11, 1999 to the shareholders of
record on that date. Each Right entitles the registered holder
to purchase from us one one-hundredth of a share of our
Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value
$0.01 per share, at a price of $61.25 per one one-hundredth of a
share of such Preferred Stock, subject to adjustment. The Rights
will become exercisable if someone buys 15 percent or more
of our common stock or following the commencement of, or
announcement of an intention to commence, a tender or exchange
offer to acquire 15 percent or more of our common stock. In
addition, if someone buys 15 percent or more of our common
stock, each right will entitle its holder (other than that
buyer) to purchase, at the Right’s $61.25 purchase price, a
number of shares of our common stock having a market value of
twice the Right’s $61.25 exercise price. If we are acquired
in a merger, each Right will entitle its holder to purchase, at
the Right’s $61.25 purchase price, a number of the
acquiring company’s common shares having a market value at
the time of twice the Right’s exercise price. The plan was
subsequently amended on August 18, 2000 in connection with
the merger agreement with the former PepsiAmericas. The
amendment to the rights agreement provides that:
•
None of Pohlad Companies, any affiliate of Pohlad Companies,
Robert C. Pohlad, affiliates of Robert C. Pohlad or the former
PepsiAmericas will be deemed an “Acquiring Person” (as
defined in the rights agreement) solely by virtue of
(1) the consummation of the transactions contemplated by
the merger agreement, (2) the acquisition by Dakota
Holdings, LLC of shares of our common stock in connection with
the merger, or (3) the acquisition of shares of our common
stock permitted by the Pohlad shareholder agreement;
•
Dakota Holdings, LLC will not be deemed an “Acquiring
Person” (as defined in the rights agreement) so long as it
is owned solely by Robert C. Pohlad, affiliates of Robert C.
Pohlad, PepsiCo
and/or
affiliates of PepsiCo; and
•
A “Distribution Date” (as defined in the rights
agreement) will not occur solely by reason of the execution,
delivery and performance of the merger agreement or the
consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by such
merger agreement.
Prior to the acquisition of 15 percent or more of our
stock, the Rights can be redeemed by the Board of Directors for
one cent per Right. Our Board of Directors also is authorized to
reduce the threshold to 10 percent. The Rights will expire
on May 20, 2009. The Rights do not have voting or dividend
rights, and until they become exercisable, they have no dilutive
effect on our per-share earnings.
We have 12.5 million authorized shares of Preferred Stock.
There is no Preferred Stock issued or outstanding.
19.
Supplemental
Cash Flow Information
Net cash provided by operating activities reflected cash
payments and receipts for interest and income taxes as follows
(in millions):
2008
2007
2006
Interest paid
$
117.8
$
104.4
$
105.7
Interest received
6.8
3.1
3.9
Income taxes paid
70.4
115.5
87.7
Income tax refunds
15.9
1.9
0.1
20.
Environmental
and Other Commitments and Contingencies
Current Operations. We maintain
compliance with federal, state and local laws and regulations
relating to materials used in production and to the discharge of
wastes, and other laws and regulations relating to the
protection of the environment. The capital costs of such
management and compliance, including the
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
modification of existing plants and the installation of new
manufacturing processes, are not material to our continuing
operations.
We are defendants in lawsuits that arise in the ordinary course
of business, none of which is expected to have a material
adverse effect on our financial condition, although amounts
recorded in any given period could be material to the results of
operations or cash flows for that period.
We participate in a number of trustee-managed multi-employer
pension and health and welfare plans for employees covered under
collective bargaining agreements. Several factors, including
unfavorable investment performance, changes in demographics and
increased benefits to participants could result in potential
funding deficiencies, which could cause us to make higher future
contributions to these plans.
Discontinued Operations —
Remediation. Under the agreement pursuant to
which we sold our subsidiaries, Abex Corporation and Pneumo Abex
Corporation (collectively, “Pneumo Abex”), in 1988 and
a subsequent settlement agreement entered into in September
1991, we have assumed indemnification obligations for certain
environmental liabilities of Pneumo Abex, after any insurance
recoveries. Pneumo Abex has been and is subject to a number of
environmental cleanup proceedings, including responsibilities
under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and
Liability Act and other related federal and state laws regarding
release or disposal of wastes at
on-site and
off-site locations. In some proceedings, federal, state and
local government agencies are involved and other major
corporations have been named as potentially responsible parties.
Pneumo Abex is also subject to private claims and lawsuits for
remediation of properties previously owned by Pneumo Abex and
its subsidiaries.
There is an inherent uncertainty in assessing the total cost to
investigate and remediate a given site. This is because of the
evolving and varying nature of the remediation and allocation
process. Any assessment of expenses is more speculative in an
early stage of remediation and is dependent upon a number of
variables beyond the control of any party. Furthermore, there
are often timing considerations, in that a portion of the
expense incurred by Pneumo Abex, and any resulting obligation of
ours to indemnify Pneumo Abex, may not occur for a number of
years.
In fiscal year 2001, we investigated the use of insurance
products to mitigate risks related to our indemnification
obligations under the 1988 agreement, as amended. We oversaw a
comprehensive review of the former facilities operated or
impacted by Pneumo Abex. Advances in the techniques of
retrospective risk evaluation and increased experience (and
therefore available data) at our former facilities made this
comprehensive review possible. The review was completed in
fiscal year 2001 and was updated in fiscal year 2005.
During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, we recorded a charge of
$15.0 million ($9.2 million net of taxes) and
$3.2 million ($2.1 million net of taxes),
respectively, related to revised estimates for environmental
remediation, legal and related administrative costs. In
particular, we revised our remediation plans at several sites
during the year resulting in an increase in the accrual for
remediation costs of $5.0 million, and we increased our
accrual for legal costs by $10.0 million. These legal costs
include defense costs associated with toxic tort matters. As of
the end of fiscal year 2008, we had $36.1 million accrued
to cover potential indemnification obligations, compared to
$40.2 million recorded as of the end of fiscal year 2007.
Of the total amount accrued, $11.9 million as of the end of
fiscal year 2008 and $19.5 million as of the end of the
fiscal year 2007 were recorded in “Accrued expenses,
other” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. This
indemnification obligation includes costs associated with
several sites in various stages of remediation or negotiations.
At the present time, the most significant remaining
indemnification obligation is associated with the Willits site,
as discussed below, while no other single site has significant
estimated remaining costs associated with it. The amounts
exclude possible insurance recoveries and are determined on an
undiscounted cash flow basis. The estimated indemnification
liabilities include expenses for the investigation and
remediation of identified sites, payments to third parties for
claims and expenses (including product liability),
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
administrative expenses, and the expenses of on-going
evaluations and litigation. We expect a significant portion of
the accrued liabilities will be spent during the next several
years.
Included in our indemnification obligations is financial
exposure related to certain remedial actions required at a
facility that manufactured hydraulic and related equipment in
Willits, California. Various chemicals and metals contaminate
this site. A final consent decree was issued in August 1997 and
amended in December 2000 in the case of the People of the
State of California and the City of Willits, California v.
Remco Hydraulics, Inc. The final consent decree established
a trust (the “Willits Trust”) which is obligated to
investigate and clean up this site. We are currently funding the
Willits Trust and the investigation and interim remediation
costs on a
year-to-year
basis as required in the final amended consent decree. We have
accrued $10.6 million as of the end of fiscal year 2008 for
future remediation and trust administration costs, with the
majority of this amount to be spent over the next several years.
Although we have certain indemnification obligations for
environmental liabilities at a number of sites other than the
site discussed above, including Superfund sites, it is not
anticipated that additional expense at any specific site will
have a material effect on us. At some sites, the volumetric
contribution for which we have an obligation has been estimated
and other large, financially viable parties are responsible for
substantial portions of the remainder. In our opinion, based
upon information currently available, the ultimate resolution of
these claims and litigation, including potential environmental
exposures, and considering amounts already accrued, should not
have a material effect on our financial condition, although
amounts recorded in a given period could be material to our
results of operations or cash flows for that period.
Discontinued Operations —
Insurance. During fiscal year 2002, as part
of a comprehensive program concerning environmental liabilities
related to the former Whitman Corporation subsidiaries, we
purchased new insurance coverage related to the sites previously
owned and operated or impacted by Pneumo Abex and its
subsidiaries. In addition, a trust, which was established in
2000 with the proceeds from an insurance settlement (the
“Trust”), purchased insurance coverage and funded
coverage for remedial and other costs (“Finite
Funding”) related to the sites previously owned and
operated or impacted by Pneumo Abex and its subsidiaries.
Essentially all of the assets of the Trust were expended by the
Trust in connection with the purchase of the insurance coverage,
the Finite Funding and related expenses. These actions were
taken to fund remediation and related costs associated with the
sites previously owned and operated or impacted by Pneumo Abex
and its subsidiaries and to protect against additional future
costs in excess of our self-insured retention. The original
amount of self-insured retention (the amount we must pay before
the insurance carrier is obligated to begin payments) was
$114.0 million of which $56.6 million has been eroded,
leaving a remaining self-insured retention of $57.4 million
as of the end of fiscal year 2008. The estimated range of
aggregate exposure related only to the remediation costs of such
environmental liabilities is approximately $18 million to
$38 million. We had accrued $20.4 million as of the
end of fiscal year 2008 for remediation costs, which is our best
estimate of the contingent liabilities related to these
environmental matters. The Finite Funding may be used to pay a
portion of the $20.4 million and thus reduces our future
cash obligations. Amounts recorded in our Consolidated Balance
Sheets related to Finite Funding were $9.9 million as of
the end of fiscal year 2008 and $11.5 million as of the end
of fiscal year 2007 and were recorded in “Other
assets,” net of $4.2 million and $4.7 million
recorded in “Other current assets” as of the end of
each respective period.
In addition, we had recorded other receivables of
$2.6 million as of the end of fiscal year 2007 for future
probable amounts to be received from insurance companies and
other responsible parties. These amounts were recorded in
“Other current assets” as of the end of fiscal year
2007 in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of the end of fiscal
year 2008, there was no receivable recorded as insurance amounts
were received during the current year.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
On May 31, 2005, Cooper Industries, LLC
(“Cooper”) filed and later served a lawsuit against
us, Pneumo Abex, LLC, and the Trustee of the Trust (the
“Trustee”), captioned Cooper Industries,
LLC v. PepsiAmericas, Inc., et al., Case No. 05 CH
09214 (Cook Cty. Cir. Ct.). The claims involved the Trust and
insurance policy described above. Cooper asserted that it was
entitled to access $34 million that previously was in the
Trust and was used to purchase the insurance policy. Cooper
claimed that Trust funds should have been distributed for
underlying Pneumo Abex asbestos claims indemnified by Cooper.
Cooper complained that it was deprived of access to money in the
Trust because of the Trustee’s decision to use the Trust
funds to purchase the insurance policy described above. Pneumo
Abex, LLC, the corporate successor to our prior subsidiary, has
been dismissed from the suit.
During the second quarter of 2006, the Trustee’s motion to
dismiss, in which we had joined, was granted and three counts
against us based on the use of Trust funds were dismissed with
prejudice, as were all counts against the Trustee, on the
grounds that Cooper lacked standing to pursue these counts
because it was not a beneficiary under the Trust. We then filed
a separate motion to dismiss the remaining counts against us.
Our motion was also granted during the second quarter of 2006
and all remaining counts against us were dismissed with
prejudice. Cooper subsequently filed a notice of appeal with
regard to all rulings by the court dismissing the counts against
us and the Trustee. Prior to any oral argument, the appellate
court on September 7, 2007 issued an opinion affirming the
trial court’s opinion. Cooper subsequently filed motion
papers asking the Illinois Supreme Court to accept a
discretionary appeal of the rulings. The Trustee then filed an
opposition brief explaining why the Illinois Supreme Court
should not allow another appeal, and we joined in that brief. On
November 29, 2007, the Supreme Court of Illinois denied
Cooper’s petition for leave to appeal the appellate
court’s September 7, 2007 ruling. Cooper did not file
a petition for certiorari seeking discretionary review by the
United States Supreme Court by the February 27, 2008
deadline for such filing.
Discontinued Operations — Product Liability and
Toxic Tort Claims. We also have certain
indemnification obligations related to product liability and
toxic tort claims that might emanate out of the 1988 agreement
with Pneumo Abex. Other companies not owned by or associated
with us also are responsible to Pneumo Abex for the financial
burden of all asbestos product liability claims filed against
Pneumo Abex after a certain date in 1998, except for certain
claims indemnified by us.
In fiscal year 2004, we noted that three mass-filed lawsuits
accounted for thousands of claims for which Pneumo Abex claimed
indemnification. During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2005,
these and other related claims were resolved for an amount we
viewed as reasonable given all of the circumstances and
consistent with our prior judgments as to valuation. We have
received year-end 2008 claim statistics from law firms and
Pneumo Abex which reflect the resolution of those claims and the
remaining cases for which Pneumo Abex claims indemnification
from PepsiAmericas. After giving effect to the noted resolution
of prior mass-filed claims, there are less than 6,000 such
claims for which indemnification is claimed as of the end of
fiscal year 2008. Of these claims, approximately 5,450 are filed
in federal court and are subject to orders issued by the
Multi-District Litigation panel, which effectively stay all
federal claims, subject to specific requests to activate a
particular claim or a discrete group of claims. The remaining
cases are in state court and some are in “pleural
registries” or other similar classifications that cause a
case not to be allowed to go to trial unless there is a specific
showing as to a particular plaintiff. Over 50 percent of
the state court claims were filed prior to or in 1998. Prior to
1980, sales ceased for the asbestos-containing product claimed
to have generated the largest subset of the open cases, and,
therefore, we expect a decreasing rate of individual claims for
that subset of cases. We oversee monitoring of the defense of
the underlying claims that are or may be indemnifiable by us.
As of the end of fiscal years 2008 and 2007, we had accrued
$5.1 million and $4.0 million, respectively, related
to product liability. These accruals primarily relate to
probable asbestos claim settlements and legal defense costs. We
also have additional amounts accrued for legal and other costs
associated with obtaining insurance recoveries for previously
resolved and currently open claims and their related costs.
These amounts are included in the total liabilities of
$36.1 million accrued as of the end of fiscal year 2008. In
addition to the
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
known and probable asbestos claims, we may be subject to
additional asbestos claims that are possible for which no
reserve had been established as of the end of fiscal year 2008.
These additional reasonably possible claims are primarily
asbestos-related and the aggregate exposure related to these
possible claims is estimated to be in the range of
$4 million to $17 million. These amounts are
undiscounted and do not reflect any insurance recoveries that we
will pursue from insurers for these claims.
In addition, four lawsuits have been filed in California, which
name several defendants including certain of our prior
subsidiaries. The lawsuits allege that we and our former
subsidiaries are liable for personal injury
and/or
property damage resulting from environmental contamination at
the Willits facility. As of the end of fiscal year 2008, there
were 43 personal injury plaintiffs in the lawsuits seeking
an unspecified amount of damages, punitive damages, injunctive
relief and medical monitoring damages. We are actively defending
the lawsuits. At this time, we do not believe these lawsuits are
material to our business or financial condition.
We have other indemnification obligations related to product
liability matters. In our opinion, based on the information
currently available and the amounts already accrued, these
claims should not have a material effect on our financial
condition.
We also participate in and monitor insurance-recovery efforts
for the claims against Pneumo Abex. Recoveries from insurers
vary year by year because certain insurance policies exhaust and
other insurance policies become responsive. Recoveries also vary
due to delays in litigation, limits on payments in particular
periods, and because insurers sometimes seek to avoid their
obligations based on positions that we believe are improper. We,
assisted by our consultants, monitor the financial ratings of
insurers that issued responsive coverage and the claims
submitted by Pneumo Abex.
Advertising commitments and exclusivity
rights. We have entered into various
long-term agreements with our customers in which we pay the
customers for the exclusive right to sell our products in
certain venues. We have also committed to pay certain customers
for advertising and marketing programs in various long-term
contracts. These agreements typically range from one to ten
years. As of the end of fiscal year 2008, we have committed
approximately $75.8 million related to such programs and
advertising commitments.
Purchase obligations. In addition,
PepsiCo has entered into various raw material contracts on our
behalf pursuant to a shared services agreement in which PepsiCo
provides procurement services to us. Certain raw material
contracts obligate us to purchase minimum volumes. As of the end
of fiscal year 2008, we had total purchase obligations of
$10.8 million related to such raw material contracts.
21.
Segment
Reporting
We operate in one industry located in three geographic
areas — U.S., CEE and the Caribbean. We operate in
19 states in the U.S. Internationally, we operate in
Ukraine, Poland, Romania, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia,
Puerto Rico, Jamaica, the Bahamas, and Trinidad and Tobago. We
have distribution rights in Moldova, Estonia, Latvia and
Lithuania which are recorded in the CEE geographic segment, and
the Bahamas and Barbados, which are recorded in the Caribbean
geographic segment. Net sales and operating income from the
Sandora acquisition since the date Sandora was consolidated were
included in the CEE geographic segment in the table below.
Operating income is exclusive of net interest expense, other
miscellaneous income and expense items, and income taxes.
Operating income is inclusive of special charges and adjustments
of $23.0 million, $6.3 million and $13.7 million
in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively (see
Note 5 for further discussion).
Non-operating assets are principally cash and cash equivalents,
investments, net property and miscellaneous other assets.
Long-lived assets represent net property, investments, net
intangible assets and other miscellaneous assets.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
Selected financial information related to our geographic
segments is shown below (in millions):
Net Sales
Operating Income (Loss)
2008
2007
2006
2008
2007
2006
U.S.
$
3,429.9
$
3,384.9
$
3,245.8
$
324.4
$
331.6
$
330.1
CEE
1,260.9
849.4
484.1
155.4
100.5
20.9
Caribbean
246.4
245.2
242.5
(6.6
)
4.0
5.0
Total
$
4,937.2
$
4,479.5
$
3,972.4
473.2
436.1
356.0
Interest expense, net
111.1
109.2
101.3
Other expense, net
7.9
0.6
11.7
Income before income taxes, minority interest and equity in
net (loss) earnings of nonconsolidated companies
$
354.2
$
326.3
$
243.0
Capital Investments
Depreciation and Amortization
2008
2007
2006
2008
2007
2006
U.S.
$
116.5
$
190.4
$
129.6
$
136.8
$
148.2
$
151.8
CEE
124.1
56.6
24.9
54.6
42.7
27.8
Caribbean
8.3
17.6
14.8
12.9
12.6
11.6
Total operating
$
248.9
$
264.6
$
169.3
204.3
203.5
191.2
Non-operating
—
0.9
2.2
Total
$
204.3
$
204.4
$
193.4
Assets
Long-Lived Assets
2008
2007
2008
2007
U.S.
$
3,173.3
$
3,256.8
$
2,968.2
$
3,017.2
CEE
1,469.8
1,603.8
1,051.8
1,223.2
Caribbean
191.3
200.5
108.0
121.4
Total operating
4,834.4
5,061.1
4,128.0
4,361.8
Non-operating
219.7
246.9
20.0
24.1
Total
$
5,054.1
$
5,308.0
$
4,148.0
$
4,385.9
22.
Related
Party Transactions
Transactions
with PepsiCo
PepsiCo is considered a related party due to the nature of our
franchise relationship and PepsiCo’s ownership interest in
us. As of the end of fiscal year 2008, PepsiCo beneficially
owned approximately 43 percent of PepsiAmericas’
outstanding common stock. These shares are subject to a
shareholder agreement with our company. As of the end of fiscal
years 2008 and 2007, net amounts due from PepsiCo were
$5.2 million and $3.1 million, respectively. During
fiscal year 2008, approximately 80 percent of our total net
sales were derived from the sale of PepsiCo products. We have
entered into transactions and agreements with
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
PepsiCo from time to time, and we expect to enter into
additional transactions and agreements with PepsiCo in the
future. Significant agreements and transactions between our
company and PepsiCo are described below.
Pepsi franchise agreements are subject to termination only upon
failure to comply with their terms. Termination of these
agreements can occur as a result of any of the following: our
bankruptcy or insolvency; change of control of greater than
15 percent of any class of our voting securities; untimely
payments for concentrate purchases; quality control failure; or
failure to carry out the approved business plan communicated to
PepsiCo.
Bottling Agreements and Purchases of Concentrate and
Finished Product. We purchase concentrates
from PepsiCo and manufacture, package, sell and distribute cola
and non-cola beverages under various bottling agreements with
PepsiCo. These agreements give us the right to manufacture,
package, sell and distribute beverage products of PepsiCo in
both bottles and cans as well as fountain syrup in specified
territories. These agreements include a Master Bottling
Agreement and a Master Fountain Syrup Agreement for beverages
bearing the “Pepsi-Cola” and “Pepsi”
trademarks, including Diet Pepsi in the United States. The
agreements also include bottling and distribution agreements for
non-cola products in the United States, and international
bottling agreements for countries outside the United States.
These agreements provide PepsiCo with the ability to set prices
of concentrates, as well as the terms of payment and other terms
and conditions under which we purchase such concentrates. In
addition, we bottle water under the “Aquafina”
trademark pursuant to an agreement with PepsiCo that provides
for payment of a royalty fee to PepsiCo. We also purchase
finished beverage products from PepsiCo and certain of its
affiliates, including tea, concentrate and finished beverage
products from a Pepsi/Lipton partnership, as well as finished
beverage products from a PepsiCo/Starbucks partnership. The
table below summarizes amounts paid to PepsiCo for purchases of
concentrate, finished beverage products, finished snack food
products and Aquafina royalty fees, which are included in cost
of goods sold.
Bottler Incentives and Other Support
Arrangements. We share a business objective
with PepsiCo of increasing availability and consumption of
Pepsi-Cola beverages. Accordingly, PepsiCo provides us with
various forms of bottler incentives to promote its brands. The
level of this support is negotiated regularly and can be
increased or decreased at the discretion of PepsiCo. To support
volume and market share growth, the bottler incentives cover a
variety of initiatives, including direct marketplace, shared
media and advertising support. Worldwide bottler incentives from
PepsiCo totaled approximately $248.7 million,
$231.2 million and $226.8 million for the fiscal years
ended 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. There are no conditions
or requirements that could result in the repayment of any
support payments we received.
In accordance with EITF Issue
No. 02-16,
“Accounting by a Customer (including a Reseller) for
Certain Consideration Received from a Vendor,” bottler
incentives that are directly attributable to incremental
expenses incurred are reported as either an increase to net
sales or a reduction to SD&A expenses, commensurate with
the recognition of the related expense. Such bottler incentives
include amounts received for direct support of advertising
commitments and exclusivity agreements with various customers.
All other bottler incentives are recognized as a reduction of
cost of goods sold when the related products are sold based on
the agreements with vendors. Such bottler incentives primarily
include base level funding amounts which are fixed based on the
previous year’s volume and variable amounts that are
reflective of the current year’s volume performance.
PepsiCo also provided indirect marketing support to our
marketplace, which consisted primarily of media expenses. This
indirect support was not reflected or included in our
Consolidated Financial Statements, as these amounts were paid
directly by PepsiCo.
Manufacturing and National Account
Services. Pursuant to the Master Fountain
Syrup Agreement, we provide manufacturing services to PepsiCo in
connection with the production of certain finished beverage
products, and also provide certain manufacturing, delivery and
equipment maintenance services to PepsiCo’s
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
national account customers. Net amounts paid or payable by
PepsiCo to us for manufacturing and national account services
are summarized in the table below.
Sandora Joint Venture. We are party to
a joint venture agreement with PepsiCo pursuant to which we hold
the outstanding common stock of Sandora, LLC, the leading juice
company in Ukraine. We hold a 60 percent interest in the
joint venture and PepsiCo holds a 40 percent interest. In
fiscal year 2008, we repaid $47.5 million of long-term debt
that was acquired as part of the Sandora acquisition. As a part
of this transaction, we received $26.0 million of cash from
PepsiCo that included its portion of the debt repayment. The
joint venture financial statements have been consolidated in our
Consolidated Financial Statements.
Other Transactions. PepsiCo provides
procurement services to us pursuant to a shared services
agreement. Under this agreement, PepsiCo acts as our agent and
negotiates with various suppliers the cost of certain raw
materials by entering into raw material contracts on our behalf.
The raw material contracts obligate us to purchase certain
minimum volumes. PepsiCo also collects and remits to us certain
rebates from the various suppliers related to our procurement
volume. In addition, PepsiCo executes certain derivative
contracts on our behalf and in accordance with our hedging
strategies. Payments to PepsiCo for procurement services are
reflected in the table below.
In summary, the Consolidated Statements of Income include the
following income and (expense) transactions with PepsiCo (in
millions):
2008
2007
2006
Net sales:
Bottler incentives
$
34.7
$
32.9
$
30.6
Manufacturing and national account services
17.0
19.6
19.3
$
51.7
$
52.5
$
49.9
Cost of goods sold:
Purchases of concentrate
$
(923.3
)
$
(888.2
)
$
(829.8
)
Purchases of finished beverage products
(232.3
)
(210.0
)
(188.0
)
Purchases of finished snack food products
(26.7
)
(17.6
)
(12.5
)
Bottler incentives
190.3
180.7
182.3
Aquafina royalty fees
(46.6
)
(54.3
)
(50.2
)
Procurement services
(4.1
)
(3.9
)
(3.9
)
$
(1,042.7
)
$
(993.3
)
$
(902.1
)
Selling, delivery and administrative expenses:
Bottler incentives
$
23.7
$
17.6
$
13.9
Purchases of advertising materials
(2.5
)
(2.0
)
(1.8
)
$
21.2
$
15.6
$
12.1
Transactions with Bottlers in Which PepsiCo Holds an
Equity Interest. We sell finished beverage
products to other bottlers, including The Pepsi Bottling Group,
Inc. and Pepsi Bottling Ventures LLC, bottlers in which PepsiCo
owns an equity interest. These sales occur in instances where
the proximity of our production facilities to the other
bottlers’ markets or lack of manufacturing capability, as
well as other economic considerations, make it more efficient or
desirable for the other bottlers to buy finished product from
us. Our sales to other bottlers, including those in which
PepsiCo owns an equity interest, were approximately
$210.8 million, $213.0 million and $170.1 million
in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006,
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
respectively. Our purchases from such other bottlers were
$0.5 million, $0.3 million and $2.0 million in
fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Agreements
and Relationships with Dakota Holdings, LLC, Starquest
Securities, LLC and Mr. Pohlad
Under the terms of the PepsiAmericas merger agreement, Dakota
Holdings, LLC (“Dakota”), a Delaware limited liability
company whose members at the time of the PepsiAmericas merger
included PepsiCo and Pohlad Companies, became the owner of
14,562,970 shares of our common stock, including
377,128 shares purchasable pursuant to the exercise of a
warrant. In November 2002, the members of Dakota entered into a
redemption agreement pursuant to which the PepsiCo membership
interests were redeemed in exchange for certain assets of
Dakota. As a result, Dakota became the owner of
12,027,557 shares of our common stock, including
311,470 shares purchasable pursuant to the exercise of a
warrant. In June 2003, Dakota converted from a Delaware limited
liability company to a Minnesota limited liability company
pursuant to an agreement and plan of merger. In January 2006,
Starquest Securities, LLC (“Starquest”), a Minnesota
limited liability company, obtained the shares of our common
stock previously owned by Dakota, including the shares of common
stock purchasable upon exercise of the above-referenced warrant,
pursuant to a contribution agreement. Such warrant expired
unexercised in January 2006, resulting in Starquest holding
11,716,087 shares of our common stock. In February 2008,
Starquest acquired an additional 400,000 shares of our
common stock pursuant to open market purchases, bringing its
holdings to 12,116,087 shares of common stock, or
9.7 percent, as of February 27, 2009. The shares held
by Starquest are subject to a shareholder agreement with our
company.
Mr. Pohlad, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, is
the President and the owner of one-third of the capital stock of
Pohlad Companies. Pohlad Companies is the controlling member of
Dakota. Dakota is the controlling member of Starquest. Pohlad
Companies may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of the
securities beneficially owned by Dakota and Starquest and
Mr. Pohlad may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of
the securities beneficially owned by Starquest, Dakota and
Pohlad Companies.
Transactions
with Pohlad Companies
We own a one-eighth interest in a Challenger aircraft which we
own with Pohlad Companies. SD&A expenses we paid to
International Jet, a subsidiary of Pohlad Companies, for office
and hangar rent, management fees and maintenance in connection
with the storage and operation of this corporate jet in fiscal
years 2008, 2007 and 2006 were $0.2 million,
$0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
23.
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
The components of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
are as follows (in millions):
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments are shown net of
reclassifications into net income of $(2.5) million and
$6.5 million in fiscal years 2007 and 2006, respectively.
No material amount was reclassified into net income in fiscal
year 2008. Unrealized (losses) gains on derivatives are shown
net of reclassifications into net income of $(1.6) million,
$0.8 million and $(0.8) million in fiscal years 2008,
2007 and 2006, respectively. Unrealized losses on pension and
other postretirement costs in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006
are shown net of reclassifications into net income of
$0.6 million, $1.5 million and $2.3 million,
respectively.
The income tax expense was not material to the unrealized gain
on investments in fiscal year 2008. Unrealized gains on
investments are shown net of income tax benefit of
$0.2 million and $2.4 million in fiscal years 2007 and
2006, respectively. Unrealized (losses) gains on derivatives are
shown net of income tax benefit (expense) of $7.5 million,
$(0.3) million and $0.5 million in fiscal years 2008,
2007 and 2006, respectively. Unrecognized pension and
postretirement costs are shown net of income tax benefit
(expense) of $23.3 million, $(5.3) million and
$(6.6) million in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006,
respectively.
24.
Subsequent
Events
In February 2009, we issued $350 million of notes with
a coupon rate of 4.375 percent due February 2014. The
securities are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations and rank
equally in priority with all of our existing and future
unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. Net proceeds from
this transaction were $345.7 million, which reflected the
discount reduction of $2.2 million and debt issuance costs
of $2.1 million. The net proceeds from the issuance of the
notes were used to repay commercial paper and for other general
corporate purposes. The notes were issued from our automatic
shelf registration statement filed May 16, 2006.
In March 2009, we gave notice of our intent to terminate our
trade receivables securitization program. We believe that the
program has become uncompetitive with alternate sources of
capital to which we have access. Termination of this program
will result in a $150 million increase in trade receivables
and a comparable increase in debt on our Consolidated Balance
Sheet. Termination of this program will result in a decline in
net cash provided by operating activities of $150 million
offset by a comparable increase in cash provided by financing
activities on our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements —
(Continued)
25.
Selected
Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited) (in
millions, except per share data)
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fiscal
Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Year
Fiscal Year 2008:
Net sales
$
1,098.7
$
1,340.8
$
1,327.5
$
1,170.2
$
4,937.2
Gross profit
$
423.8
$
546.8
$
542.2
$
468.8
$
1,981.6
Net income
$
24.7
$
90.8
$
73.1
$
37.8
$
226.4
Weighted average common shares:
Basic
127.0
124.9
124.6
124.4
125.2
Incremental effect of stock options and awards
1.9
1.5
1.7
1.7
2.0
Diluted
128.9
126.4
126.3
126.1
127.2
Earnings per share:
Basic
Income from continuing operations
$
0.19
$
0.73
$
0.66
$
0.30
$
1.88
Loss from discontinued operations
—
—
(0.07
)
—
(0.07
)
Total
$
0.19
$
0.73
$
0.59
$
0.30
$
1.81
Diluted
Income from continuing operations
$
0.19
$
0.72
$
0.65
$
0.30
$
1.85
Loss from discontinued operations
—
—
(0.07
)
—
(0.07
)
Total
$
0.19
$
0.72
$
0.58
$
0.30
$
1.78
Fiscal Year 2007:
Net sales
$
960.2
$
1,198.9
$
1,183.1
$
1,137.3
$
4,479.5
Gross profit
$
384.2
$
497.1
$
483.9
$
458.1
$
1,823.3
Net income
$
20.6
$
78.0
$
71.5
$
42.0
$
212.1
Weighted average common shares:
Basic
126.2
125.7
126.6
127.9
126.7
Incremental effect of stock options and awards
1.8
1.9
2.4
2.6
2.5
Diluted
128.0
127.6
129.0
130.5
129.2
Earnings per share:
Basic
Income from continuing operations
$
0.16
$
0.64
$
0.56
$
0.33
$
1.69
Loss from discontinued operations
—
(0.02
)
—
—
(0.02
)
Total
$
0.16
$
0.62
$
0.56
$
0.33
$
1.67
Diluted
Income from continuing operations
$
0.16
$
0.63
$
0.55
$
0.32
$
1.66
Loss from discontinued operations
—
(0.02
)
—
—
(0.02
)
Total
$
0.16
$
0.61
$
0.55
$
0.32
$
1.64
Quarterly and full year computations of basic and diluted
earnings per share are made independently. As such, the
summation of the quarterly amounts may not equal the total basic
and diluted earnings per share reported for the year.
PepsiAmericas, Inc. Salaried 401(k) Plan (incorporated by
reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on
Form S-8
(File
No. 333-64292)
filed on December 29, 2005).
4
.7
PepsiAmericas, Inc. Hourly 401(k) Plan (incorporated by
reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on
Form S-8
(File
No. 333-64292)
filed on December 29, 2005).
PepsiAmericas, Inc. Supplemental Pension Plan, as Amended and
Restated Effective January 1, 2001 (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K
(File
No. 001-15019)
filed on March 15, 2004).
PepsiAmericas, Inc. 1999 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on
Form S-8
(File
No. 333-46368)
filed on December 21, 2000).
Form of Master Bottling Agreement between PepsiCo, Inc. and
PepsiAmericas, Inc. (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K
(File
No. 001-15019)
filed on March 25, 2002).
10
.10
Form of Master Fountain Syrup Agreement between PepsiCo, Inc.
and PepsiAmericas, Inc. (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K
(File
No. 001-15019)
filed on March 25, 2002).
10
.11
Amended and Restated Receivables Sale Agreement Dated as of
May 24, 2002 among Pepsi-Cola General Bottlers, Inc.,
Pepsi-Cola General Bottlers of Ohio, Inc., Pepsi-Cola General
Bottlers of Indiana, Inc., Pepsi-Cola General Bottlers of
Wisconsin, Inc., Pepsi-Cola General Bottlers of Iowa, Inc., Iowa
Vending, Inc., Marquette Bottling Works, Incorporated, Northern
Michigan Vending, Inc., Delta Beverage Group, Inc. and Dakbev,
LLC, as originators and Whitman Finance, Inc. as Buyer
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly
Report on
Form 10-Q
(File
No. 001-15019)
filed on August 11, 2004).
Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Pepsi-Cola Puerto Rico
Bottling Company Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan (incorporated
by reference to the Company’s Current Report on
Form 8-K
(File
No. 001-15019)
filed on February 25, 2005).
10
.20
Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Pepsi-Cola Puerto Rico
Bottling Company Qualified Stock Option Plan (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s Current Report on
Form 8-K
(File
No. 001-15019)
filed on February 25, 2005).
10
.21
Form of Agreement for Separation and Waiver under the
PepsiAmericas Severance Policy (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K
(File
No. 001-15019)
filed on February 28, 2007).
U.S. $600,000,000 Five Year Credit Agreement, dated as of
June 6, 2006, among PepsiAmericas, Inc. as a borrower,
certain initial lenders and initial issuing bank, JP Morgan
Chase Bank, N.V., as a syndication agent, Bank of America, N.V.
and Wachovia Bank, National Association, as documentation
agents, Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and J.P. Morgan
Securities Inc., as joint lead arrangers, and Citibank, N.V., as
agent for the lenders (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s
8-K (File
No. 001-15019)
filed on June 8, 2006).
10
.25
Put and Call Option Agreement by and among PepsiAmericas, Inc.,
PepsiCo, Inc., Marina Bezzub and Agne Tumenaite dated as of
June 7, 2007 (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q
(File
No. 001-15019)
filed on August 3, 2007).
10
.26
Shareholder Agreement (Joint Venture Agreement) between PAS
Luxembourg s.a.r.1. (PAS LuxCo) and Linkbay Limited (PepsiCo
Cyprus) and Sandora Holdings, B.V. dated as of August 14,2007.
10
.27
Amended and Restated Stock Purchase Agreement by and among
PepsiAmericas, Inc., PepsiCo, Inc., Igor Yevgenovych Bezzub, and
Raimondas Tumenas dated as of August 17, 2007 (incorporated
by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q
(File
No. 001-15019)
filed on November 1, 2007).
10
.28
Amended and Restated Stock Purchase Agreement by and among
PepsiAmericas, Inc., PepsiCo, Sergiy Oleksandrovych Sypko, Olena
Mykhailivna Sypko, Oleksiy Sergiyovich Sypko and Andriy
Sergiyovich Sypko dated as of August 17, 2007 (incorporated
by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q
(File
No. 001-15019)
filed on November 1, 2007).