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Envela Corp. – ‘10-K’ for 12/31/23

On:  Thursday, 3/21/24, at 5:19pm ET   ·   For:  12/31/23   ·   Accession #:  1654954-24-3505   ·   File #:  1-11048

Previous ‘10-K’:  ‘10-K’ on 3/16/23 for 12/31/22   ·   Latest ‘10-K’:  This Filing   ·   11 References:   To:  Envela Corp. – Previous ‘10-K’ on 3/16/23 for 12/31/22 To:  Envela Corp. – ‘10-K’ on 3/16/22 for 12/31/21 To:  Envela Corp. – ‘10-Q’ on 8/5/21 for 6/30/21 To:  Envela Corp. – ‘10-Q’ on 5/5/21 for 3/31/21 To:  Envela Corp. – ‘10-Q’ on 11/5/20 for 9/30/20 To:  Envela Corp. – ‘8-K’ on / for 12/16/19 To:  Envela Corp. – ‘8-K’ on 12/13/16 for 12/7/16 To:  Envela Corp. – ‘8-K’ on 2/12/16 for 2/8/16 To:  Envela Corp. – ‘8-K’ on 10/28/11 for 10/25/11 To:  Envela Corp. – ‘8-K’ on 9/16/11 for 9/12/11 To:  Envela Corp. – ‘S-4’ on 2/26/07 

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_____________________

FORM  i 10-K

_____________________

Commission File Number  i 001-11048

___________________________

 i 1901 GATEWAY DRIVE,  i STE 100.  i IRVING,  i TX   i 75038

( i 972)  i 587-4049

www.envela.com

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: NONE

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐  i No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐  i No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  i Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  i Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.  i ☒

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  i ☐ No ☒

As of June 30, 2023, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $ i 52.102 million based on the closing sale price as reported on the NYSE American. As of March 15, 2024, there were  i 26,350,413 shares of common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Part III incorporates certain information by reference from the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the 2024 Annual Meeting of, Shareholders which definitive proxy statement will be filed by the registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

ENVELA CORPORATION

FORM 10-K

For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2023

INDEX

Unless the context indicates otherwise for one of our specific operating segments, references to “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company”, “Envela” refer to the consolidated business operations of Envela Corporation, the parent, and all of its direct and indirect subsidiaries.

Note About Forward-Looking Statements

This annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 (this “Form 10-K”), including but not limited to “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” below, information concerning our business prospects or future financial performance, anticipated revenues, expenses, profitability or other financial items, and our strategies, plans and objectives, together with other statements that are not historical facts, includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).

Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, such as “may,” “will,” “would,” “expect,” “intend,” “could,” “estimate,” “should,” “anticipate,” “typical,” “projection,” “plan,” “target,” “mission,” “intend,” “believe” or similar words. We intend that all forward-looking statements be subject to the safe harbors created by these laws. All statements other than statements of historical information provided herein are forward-looking and may contain information about financial results, economic conditions, trends, and known uncertainties. All forward-looking statements are based on current expectations regarding important risk factors. Many of these risks and uncertainties are beyond our ability to control, and, in many cases, we cannot predict all of the risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. Actual results could differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements, and readers should not regard those statements as a representation by us or any other person that the results expressed in the statements will be achieved. Important risk factors that could cause results or events to differ from current expectations are described under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” below and elsewhere in this Form 10-K.  These factors are not intended to be an all-encompassing list of risks and uncertainties that may affect the operations, performance, development and results of our business.

Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to release publicly the results of any revisions to these forward-looking statements which may be made to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereon, including without limitation, changes in our business strategy or planned capital expenditures, store growth plans, or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

PART I

Item 1

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

OVERVIEW

Envela’s mission is to empower buyers and sellers to extend the useful lives of manufactured goods by reselling previously owned, new or used goods, or recycling goods’ materials, elements or components for sale and reuse. This process is called “re-commerce”.

A circular economy is a sustainable economic system that aims to increase the lifespan of manufactured goods and thereby reducing waste and pollution for a cleaner environment. Re-commerce is an integral part of circular economies, and it’s a business model that’s sustainable to its core. Envela helps expand circular consumption through product reuse, refurbishment, repair, and related strategies to extend the useful lives of manufactured goods and reduce their negative impact on our planet.

Envela focuses its re-commerce business on two areas: direct-to-consumer and commercial services. Our direct-to-consumer portfolio operates multiple brick-and-mortar and online marketplaces. Our commercial-services portfolio offers custom re-commerce solutions to meet the needs of diverse clients, including Fortune 500 companies.

HOW WE ORGANIZE OUR BUSINESS

Envela is a diverse re-commerce company that manages its business through two operating segments. Its commercial-services segment, and its consumer segment. Envela reports its revenue and operating expenses based on these two operating segments. We also include segment information in the notes too our financial statements.

COMMERCIAL SERVICES SEGMENT

Re-commerce through Intelligent Reuse & Responsible Recycling

Envela’s commercial services portfolio provides asset- disposition solutions to government agencies, middle-market firms, major corporations, and other organizations. Through a deep understanding of our clients’ business goals, we’re able to exceed their evolving needs and maintain a differentiated position in this marketplace.

When clients upgrade their IT equipment, our commercial services division purchases the replaced assets. They can then be resold as whole goods, harvested for components to re-use, or recycled if not reusable. By extending the usable lives of their replaced technology assets through re-commerce, our clients realize maximum value for these products, help protect the environment, and reduce the amount of raw materials required to make new products.

We create custom programs for retailers, original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) and other institutions to offer their consumer clients an easy, environmentally friendly way to trade in their electronic devices, including laptops and mobile telephones. And we also repair and refurbish such electronic devices for resale and reuse before ultimately being recycled to make something new. Simply put, we offer comprehensive lifecycle solutions for a host of electronic devices through custom ITAD programs that address our clients’ specific needs—down to the transportation and product tracking.

We combine our unique consumer insight and extensive re-commerce capabilities to anticipate and exceed the needs of our commercial clients and the consumers they serve. Moreover, we help companies navigate the maze of regulations associated with technology disposition, including through our secure logistics and data-sanitization processes. For end-of life items, we remove reusable components for resale. We separate and shred the remaining materials to reduce them into their commodity components (e.g., plastic, metal, glass) for resale and remanufacture into new products.

There can be some seasonal fluctuations that can impact demand with our commercial clients. Our business is subject to fluctuations as device trade-in and upgrade volume can be based on the release of new devices and promotional programs, as well as customer preferences. Our business is also subject to volatility in margins based on the actual and anticipated timing of the release of new devices and promotional programs, as well as to changes in customer preferences. Most purchases are through non-exclusive, cancelable agreements.

PART I

Item 1

We maintain relationships with refining partners for many commodity components. Management believes no single partner accounted for a material amount of the company’s consolidated sales in 2023. The Company believes that many of the products we sell are marketable to numerous sources at competitive prices.

Envela’s commercial-services segment markets its products directly to prospective clients through several wholly owned subsidiary brands including ITAD USA; Echo Environmental; Teladvance; and Avail Recovery Solutions. Sales and operating results for these brands are reported within their respective commercial operating segments. Commercial-services operates from two leased warehouses in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex (“DFW”) and one leased warehouse in Chandler, Arizona.

DIRECT-TO-CONSUMER

Authenticated Re-commerce

Envela’s direct-to-consumer portfolio primarily buys to resell or recycle luxury hard assets like jewelry, diamonds, gemstones, fine watches, rare coins and related collectibles, precious-metal bullion products, gold, silver and other precious metals. For over 50 years, Envela’s consumer segment has been a destination location for seeking value and liquidity in luxury goods.

Our direct-to-consumer business provides a marketplace that delivers what we believe to be unparalleled value and liquidity for those seeking to buy, sell or trade merchandise in every major jewelry, fine watch, diamond, gemstone, finding, precious metal, and premium brand product category. Our experienced staff of experts, including GIA-graduate gemologists, horologists, numismatists, jewelers and brand authenticators, recondition and rebuild items for resale through our retail locations, e-commerce, or wholesale distributors. When reconditioning is not feasible because crafted precious metals are at the end of their useful lives, we sell them through wholesale channels or recycle them by selling them to third-party refiners who recover reusable precious metals for subsequent sale or recrafting into new jewelry or bullion products. We offer on-site repair services for jewelry and watches, as well as custom jewelry services.

We buy and sell all forms of gold, silver, platinum, and palladium products. These include United States and other government-issued coins, private-mint medallions, and most numismatic items such as rare coins, currency, medals, tokens, and other monetary collectibles. We maintain numerous vendor relationships with major industry wholesalers, mints, and institutions. We purchase bullion products from a variety of vendors and sell them based on current precious metal market pricing. Bullion inventory is subject to market-value changes created by underlying commodity markets. Many factors beyond our control may affect margins, customer demand and transactional volume. These factors include, but are not limited to, U.S. Federal Reserve policies, inflation rates, global economic uncertainty, and government and private-mint supply.

Our long history of experience in resale has given us the unique ability to have deep knowledge of the resale market. Using the same processes of authentication, pricing, and marketing as our primary channels, we provide services through consignment of premium brand products. Premium brand products from individuals, wholesalers and retailers are evaluated for authenticity meeting minimum resale cutlines receive product description, priced, pictured, and packaged for omnichannel distribution and fulfillment services.

Historically, we have observed trends in supply-and-demand seasonality. Our supply tends to increase in the third and fourth quarters, and our demand tends to increase in the fourth quarter. As a result, we typically incur higher operating expenses in the last four months of the year as we increase advertising spend.

The consumer segment operates six retail locations throughout DFW, one in Mt. Pleasant, South Carolina and one in Phoenix, Arizona. We opened our newest location in Phoenix, Arizona, during the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2023 (as defined below). The Company owns three retail locations in the DFW area, and leases the others. The Company purchased another building in the Phoenix area, during Fiscal 2023, which is currently being prepared to be the ninth retail location. Our direct-to-consumer brands include Dallas Gold & Silver Exchange, Charleston Gold & Diamond, and Bullion Express. Sales and operating results for these brands are reported within the consumer operating segment.

PART I

Item 1

CORPORATE INFORMATION

HISTORY

The Company incorporated in the State of Nevada on September 16, 1965, as Canyon State Mining Corporation of Nevada. During the next 50 years, the Company changed its name to Canyon State Corporation (October 13, 1981), The American Pacific Mint, Inc. (July 15, 1986), Dallas Gold & Silver Exchange, Inc. (June 22, 1992), and DGSE Companies, Inc. (June 26, 2001).

In 2016, after celebrating its 50th anniversary, it was named by S&P Global Market Intelligence as the second most likely company to go bankrupt, behind Sears Holdings. Aiming to turn the Company around, the board of directors (its “Board”) brought in new management. On December 12, 2016, John Loftus was named CEO, and transformation of the business began. For many employees, that day marked the “true founding” of the Company. Under this new leadership, the Company has posted seven straight years of unprecedented profitability.

By pursuing diversified re-commerce opportunities with potential long-term rewards, we continued to evolve as a company. On December 12, 2019, we changed our name to Envela Corporation to better reflect our current business operations and diversified re-commerce portfolio.

CONTACT & OTHER

Our principal executive offices are located at 1901 Gateway Drive, Irving, Texas 75038, and our telephone number is (972) 587-4049. You may access our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10- Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and other reports (and amendments and exhibits thereto) filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), as well as proxy statements filed by us, free of charge on our website at www.envela.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Additionally, our website contains complete copies of our policies (Business Code of Conduct & Ethics), committee charters (Audit; Compliance, Governance and Nominating; and Compensation), and information about how to communicate with our Board.

Many of our subsidiaries and brands maintain their own websites for commercial purposes, including primarily the following: DGSE.com, echoenvironmental.com, ITADUSA.com, teladvance.com, AvailRecovery.com and StevenKretchmer.com.

Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website or any website of our subsidiaries or brands is not incorporated by reference into this or any other report we file with, or furnish to, the SEC, and you should not consider information on any such website to be part of this or any other report we file with, or furnish to, the SEC. Such periodic reports, proxy statements and other information are also available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

Envela and other trade names, trademarks and service marks of the Company or its subsidiaries are the property of Envela. Solely for convenience, the trademarks, service marks, logos and trade names referred to in this document are without the “®” and “™” symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate that we waive or will not assert our rights in them.

ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE

Our stakeholders are essential to our business—shareholders, employees, and the communities in which we do business. We aspire to operate our business with positive social and environmental impact.

Human Capital Resources

Our employees are guided by our mission to extend the lifespan of durable goods. We are part of a diverse global community, and we aim to reflect that diversity within our team. We believe diversity and inclusion foster a collaborative culture, which fuels our ability to innovate as we work to create a more sustainable future.

PART I

Item 1

As of December 31, 2023, we had 288 full-time equivalent employees. Additionally, we rely on independent contractors and temporary personnel to supplement our workforce, primarily in our electronic-disposition centers. The consumer segment is currently developing and training a workforce to help manage and run the new locations that have been opened and are scheduled to open in the Phoenix area during 2024. None of our employees are represented by a labor union or covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We consider our relations with our employees to be positive. Our management policy is to keep employees informed of material decisions that affect them, encourage employee suggestions, and implement them whenever practicable.

Diversity and Inclusion

We are proud to have a diverse team. We celebrate diversity and are committed to providing equal-employment opportunities regardless of race, color, ancestry, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, age, citizenship, marital status, disability, or gender identity or expression.

Competitive Environment

The Company encounters competition in connection with all aspects of its operations. These competitive conditions may adversely affect the Company’s revenue and profitability and its ability to expand and execute its business strategy. In addition, the Company competes with other companies and retailers to attract and retain employees with competitive compensation programs. Many of the competitors have significantly greater size, financial resources, and human capital than the Company.

GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS, ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS AND IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Envela buys and resells precious metals, which is generally subject to regulation including conflict mineral tracing. However, in conjunction with legal counsel, we have determined that we do not have sufficient control over manufacturing of any of our products to be included in the group of companies required to provide conflict-minerals disclosure and reporting. If our sourcing processes should change, or if there is a determination that our current practices should be covered by the conflict-minerals reporting and disclosure guidelines, we would need to implement significant additional measures to comply with these rules. In addition, Envela partners with refiners for a portion of its sales. These refiners are subject to increasingly stringent governmental regulation in their refining operations, and a change or increase in such regulations in the United States or abroad may have an adverse impact on our business.

Envela recognizes that climate change is a major risk to society and therefore continues to take steps to reduce its climatic impact. Nevertheless, management believes that climate change has only a limited influence on Envela’s performance and is of limited significance directly to the business. However, as a significant portion of Envela’s business relies on the availability of disposable income for its customers, a change in fuel prices could have a material impact on Envela’s business. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Adverse economic conditions in the U.S. or in other key markets, and the resulting declines in consumer confidence and spending, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operating results” for more information.

PART I

Item 1A

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Our operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including those described below, that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and the trading price of shares of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share (our “Common Stock”).

You should carefully review and consider the risks described below and the forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-K before evaluating our business or making an investment decision. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected by these risks. The trading price of the Company’s Common Stock could decline due to any of these risks, and you may lose all or part of your investment. You should also refer to the other information included or incorporated by reference in this report, including the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto. These risks and uncertainties could cause actual results and events to differ materially from those anticipated. Additional risks which the Company does not presently consider material, or of which management is not currently aware, may also have an adverse impact on the Company’s business. Please also see the section of this Form 10-K entitled “Note About Forward-Looking Statements” on page 2.

The voting power in the Company is substantially controlled by a small number of shareholders, which may, among other things, delay or frustrate the removal of incumbent directors or a takeover attempt, even if such events may be beneficial to shareholders.

N10TR, LLC (“N10TR”) is the Company’s largest shareholder, owning 12,814,727 shares of Common Stock, representing 48.3% of the total outstanding shares of Common Stock, as of December 31, 2023. Eduro Holdings, LLC (“Eduro”) owns 6,365,460 shares of Common Stock, representing 24.0% of the total outstanding shares of Common Stock, as of December 31, 2023. Both N10TR and Eduro are under the common control of John R. Loftus, the Company’s CEO, President and Chairman of the Board. Consequently, Mr. Loftus, is in a position to significantly influence any matters that are brought to a vote of the shareholders, including, but not limited to, the election of members of the Company’s Board and any action requiring the approval of shareholders, including any amendments to the governing documents, mergers or sales of all or substantially all of the Company assets. This concentration of ownership also may delay, defer or even prevent a change in control of the Company and make some transactions more difficult or impossible without the support of Mr. Loftus. These transactions might include proxy contests, tender offers, mergers or other purchases of Common Stock that could give shareholders the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-prevailing market price for shares of Common Stock.

The Company’s success depends on the ability to attract, retain, and motivate qualified directors, management and other skilled employees.

Envela’s future success and growth depends on continued services of directors, key management and employees. Losing services from any of these individuals could materially affect the Company’s operations. The Company’s future success also depends on management’s ability to identify, attract, and retain additional qualified personnel. Competition for employees is intense, and the Company may be unsuccessful in attracting or retaining qualified personnel. There are a limited number of people with knowledge and experience within our industries. The Company does not have employment agreements with many of the key employees and does not maintain life insurance policies on any of the key personnel. The loss of key personnel, especially without advance notice, or the inability to hire or retain qualified people, could have a material adverse effect on sales and operations. The Company cannot guarantee that we will continue to retain key management and skilled personnel, or will be able to attract, assimilate and retain other highly qualified personnel in the future.

PART I

Item 1A

When the Company makes acquisitions, it may take on additional liabilities or not be able to successfully integrate such acquisitions.

As part of the company’s history and growth strategy, it has acquired other businesses. Acquisitions involve numerous risks, including the following:

Further, the Company has made, and may continue to make acquisitions of, or investments in new services, businesses, or technologies to expand its current service offerings and product lines. Some of these may involve risks that may differ from those traditionally associated with the Company’s core business, including undertaking product or service warranty responsibilities that in its traditional core business would generally reside primarily with its suppliers. If the Company is not successful in mitigating or insuring against such risks, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business.

Changes in liquidity and capital requirements and the ability to secure financing and credit could materially adversely affect the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.

Envela requires continued access to capital, and a significant reduction in cash flows from operations or the availability of credit could materially and adversely affect the ability to achieve Company planned growth and operating results. Similarly, if actual costs to acquire and build-out new retail stores significantly exceed planned costs, could hinder the ability to acquire new stores or to operate those profitably. Credit and equity markets remain sensitive to world events and macro-economic developments. Therefore, the cost of borrowing may increase, and it may be more difficult to obtain financing for operations or to refinance long-term obligations as they become payable. Additionally, borrowing costs can be affected by independent rating agencies’ short- and long-term debt ratings which are based largely on performance as measured by credit metrics including interest coverage and leverage ratios. A decrease in these ratings would likely increase the Company’s borrowing cost and make it more difficult to obtain financing. A significant increase in costs to finance operations may have a material adverse impact on Envela’s business results and financial condition.

High interest rates and interest-rate fluctuations could increase our interest expense.

Interest rates rose significantly during 2022 and 2023 as the Federal Reserve sought to control inflation. High interest rates and interest rates that continue to rise, may increase our borrowing cost, or could make it difficult or impossible to secure financing.

The Company is, and will be, subject to new and existing corporate-governance and internal-control demands and reporting requirements. The costs related to the compliance of existing and future requirements could adversely affect the Company.

Governments, including agencies at the national, state and local levels, may seek to enforce or impose new laws, regulatory restrictions, or licensing requirements. They may also interpret or enforce existing requirements in new ways that could restrict the Company’s ability to continue its current methods of operation or to expand operations, impose significant additional compliance costs, and could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. In 2014, the Company agreed to a series of corporate governance reforms with the SEC. Additionally, the Company faces corporate-governance requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), as well as new rules and regulations subsequently adopted by the SEC, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the NYSE American (the “Exchange”). These laws, rules and regulations continue to evolve and may become increasingly stringent in the future. If the Company does not comply with the corporate governance reforms, the Company could face enforcement actions by the SEC or other governmental or regulatory bodies, as well as shareholder lawsuits, all of which could have significant negative financial or operational implications.

PART I

Item 1A

We have not paid dividends on our Common Stock in the past and do not anticipate paying dividends on our Common Stock in the foreseeable future.

We have not paid Common Stock dividends and do not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future. Our current business plan provides for reinvesting earnings in an effort to complete development of our technologies, inventories and expansion, with the goal of increasing sales and long-term profitability and value.

We may incur losses because of unforeseen or catastrophic events, including pandemics, terrorist attacks, extreme weather events or other natural disasters.

The occurrence of unforeseen or catastrophic events, including pandemics, such as COVID-19, or other widespread health emergencies (or concerns over the possibility of such an emergency), terrorist attacks, extreme weather events, solar events or other natural disasters, could create economic and financial disruptions, and could lead to operational difficulties (including travel limitations and limitations on occupancy in our offices) that could impair our ability to manage our businesses.

The Company is expanding to geographical regions that are unfamiliar.

Both of the Company’s segments now have portions of their business located in areas other than DFW. The ability to manage and control growth in new areas is vital to sustaining success. The Company has a solid footprint in DFW, but it is not guaranteed that the Company will be able find staff, train and supervise new employees away from the Company’s base of operations for both the consumer and commercial segments.

The Company’s websites may be vulnerable to security breaches and similar threats, which could result in liability for damages and harm to the Company’s reputation.

Despite the implementation of network security measures, Company websites are vulnerable to computer viruses, break-ins and similar disruptive problems caused by internet users. These occurrences could result in liability for damages, and the Company’s reputation could suffer. Circumvention of the security measures may result in the misappropriation of customer or other confidential information. Any such security breach could lead to interruptions, delays and cessation of service to customers and could result in a decline in revenue and income.

Our revenues and profits may decline if we are unable to maintain relationships with significant clients or renew contracts with them on favorable terms.

The success of our business depends largely on our relationships and contractual arrangements with significant clients. If our key clients terminate important business arrangements with us, or renew contracts on terms less favorable to us, we may fail to meet our business objectives and targets, and our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

Our mobile device business is subject to the risk of declines in the value and availability of devices in our inventory, and to export compliance and other risks.

The value of the electronic devices that we collect and refurbish may fall below the prices we have paid, which could adversely affect our profitability. These devices are subject to the risk that the value, including selling price, will be adversely affected by technological changes affecting the usefulness or desirability of the devices and parts; physical problems resulting from faulty design or manufacturing; increased competition; decreased customer demand, including due to changes in customer preferences, changes in client promotions and seasonality; supply chain constraints; and growing industry emphasis on cost containment. The value and availability of devices may also be impacted by adverse foreign trade relationships and an escalation of U.S.-China and China-Taiwan trade tensions, including with respect to trade policies, treaties, government relations, tariffs, and other trade restrictions. If the value or availability of devices or parts is significantly reduced, it could have a material adverse effect on our profitability.

PART I

Item 1A

We may incur losses because of a failure to manage and protect our clients’ assets throughout the electronics disposition processes and that could impair our ability to conduct future business, damage our reputation and could adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations.

The Company’s commercial services segment provides services related to electronic devices being disposed of by business customers, including cleansing storage devices from customer equipment and either recycling it through resale or disposing of it in an environmentally compliant manner. If the Company does not meet its contractual and regulatory obligations, it could be subject to contractual damages, penalties, and damage to reputation. Also, the Company’s or its subcontractors’ failure to comply with applicable environmental laws and regulations in disposing of the equipment could result in liability. Such environmental liability may be joint and several, meaning that the company could be held responsible for more than its share of the liability involved. To the extent that Company fails to comply with its obligations and such failure is not covered by insurance, the Company’s business could be adversely affected.

If the Company is unable to maintain its relationships with its suppliers or if the suppliers materially change the terms of their existing agreements with the company, the Company’s business could be materially adversely affected.

Certain parts of our commercial business comes from a limited number of partners. A substantial portion of their inventory is purchased from suppliers with which the Company has entered into non-exclusive agreements. These agreements are typically cancelable on short notice. To the extent that these partners reduce the number of assets they sell, are unwilling to continue to do business with the Company, or are unable to continue to meet or significantly alter their obligations, the Company’s business could be materially adversely affected. In addition, to the extent that the company’s suppliers modify the terms of their contracts with the company, limit supplies due to capacity constraints, or other factors, there could be a material adverse effect on the company’s business.

There is intense competition across all markets for Envela’s products and services, which may lead to lower revenue or operating margins.

The industries in which Envela operates are highly competitive, and the Company competes with numerous other firms, a number of which are larger and have significantly greater financial, distribution, advertising and marketing resources. Envela’s products compete on a number of bases, including attractiveness of brand, category assortments and pricing competitiveness. Significant increases in these competitive influences could adversely affect the operations through a decrease in the number and dollar volume of sales.

We compete with a number of smaller companies, same sized and larger firms throughout the United States. Many competitors attract customers with their reputation and industry connections. Additional companies may decide to enter our markets to compete with us. These companies may have greater name recognition and have greater financial and marketing resources than Envela. If these new companies are successful in entering the markets, or if customers choose to go to other established competition, there could be fewer buyers or sellers and revenue could decrease.

Jewelry and watch retailing is highly fragmented and competitive. The consumer division competes for jewelry sales primarily against specialty jewelers and other retailers that sell jewelry and watches including department stores, discount stores, apparel outlets, and internet retailers. Participants in the jewelry and watch category compete for a share of customers’ disposable income with other consumer sectors such as electronics, clothing, furniture, travel and restaurants. This competition for consumers’ discretionary spending is particularly relevant to gift giving, and somewhat to bridal jewelry (e.g. engagement, wedding, and anniversary).

Consumers are increasingly shopping for jewelry or starting their jewelry-buying experience online, which makes it easier for them to compare prices with other jewelry retailers. If our consumer brands do not offer the same or similar items at the lowest prices, consumers may purchase their jewelry from competitors, which would adversely impact the Company’s sales and results of operations.

PART I

Item 1A

A decrease in demand for the Company’s products and services and the failure of the Company to adapt to such decreases could adversely affect the Company’s results of operations.

Although the Company actively manages its product and service offerings to ensure that such offerings meet the needs and preferences of its customer base and partners, the demand for a particular product or service may decrease due to a variety of factors, including many that the Company may not be able to control, anticipate or respond to in a timely manner, such as the availability and pricing of competing products or technology, changes in customers’ financial conditions as a result of changes in unemployment levels, declines in consumer spending habits related to general economic conditions, inflation, weather events, public health and safety issues, fuel prices, interest rates, government sponsored economic stimulus programs, social welfare or benefit programs, real or perceived loss of consumer confidence or regulatory restrictions that increase or reduce customer access to particular products.

Should the Company fail to adapt to a significant change in its customers’ demand for, or regular access to, its products, the Company’s revenue could decrease significantly. Even if the Company makes adaptations, its customers or merchants may resist or may reject products or services whose adaptations make them less attractive or less available. In any event, the effect of any product or service change on the results of the Company’s business may not be fully ascertainable until the change has been in effect for some time.

Adverse economic conditions in the U.S. or in other key markets, and the resulting declines in consumer confidence and spending, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operating results.

The Company’s operating results are dependent on a number of factors impacting consumer confidence and spending, including, but not limited to, the following: general economic and business conditions; wages and employment levels; volatility in the stock market; home values; inflation; consumer-debt levels; availability and cost of consumer credit; economic uncertainty; solvency concerns of major financial institutions; fluctuations in foreign-currency exchange rates; fuel and energy costs and/or shortages; tax issues; and general political conditions, both domestic and abroad.

Adverse economic conditions, including declines in employment levels, disposable income, consumer confidence and economic growth, could result in decreased consumer spending that would adversely affect sales of consumer goods, particularly those viewed as discretionary items like many of the Company’s products. Adverse economic conditions may arise from general economic factors as well as events such as war, terrorism, natural disasters or outbreaks of disease, as in the case of the coronavirus pandemic which has already adversely affected global economic business conditions. In addition, if any of these events should occur, future sales could decline due to increased commodities prices, particularly gold.

Consumer wholesale and retail jewelry business is seasonal, with sales traditionally greater during certain holiday seasons. Events and circumstances that adversely affect holiday consumer spending will have a disproportionately adverse effect on operational results.

The consumer wholesale and retail jewelry sales are seasonal by nature. The time periods around Valentine’s Day, Mother’s Day and Christmas are typically the main seasons for jewelry sales. Sales are traditionally greater during significant holidays that occur in early spring, late fall, and winter. The amount of net sales and operating income generated during these seasons depends upon the general economic conditions and other factors beyond our control. Given the timing of the annual seasonality, inclement weather can at times pose a substantial barrier to consumer retail activity and have a material negative impact on store traffic. If events or circumstances were to occur that negatively impact consumer spending during such holiday seasons, it could have a material adverse effect on sales, profitability and operating results.

The market for precious metals is inherently unpredictable.

Bullion, crafted precious metal, and other precious metal products are purchased and sold based on current market pricing for precious metals. Bullion and precious metal inventories are subject to market-value changes created by their underlying commodity markets. Periodically, futures contracts are entered into to hedge the exposure against market-price changes. There are several national and international factors which are beyond management’s control, but which may affect margins, customer demand and transactional volume in the bullion business. These factors include, but are not limited to, the policies of the U.S. Federal Reserve, inflation rates, global economic uncertainty, and governmental and private mint supply. If commodity markets underlying the bullion inventory are misjudged, the bullion business could suffer adverse consequences. Substantially lower precious-metal prices could negatively affect the ability to continue purchasing significant volumes of bullion, crafted precious-metal, and other precious metal products, which could negatively affect profitability.

PART I

Item 1A

If the Company misjudges the demand for our products, high inventory levels could adversely affect future operating results and profitability.

Consumer demand for the Company’s products can affect inventory levels. If consumer demand is lower than expected, inventory levels can rise, causing a strain on operating cash flow. If the inventory cannot be sold through retail outlets or wholesale contacts, write-downs or write-offs to earnings could be necessary. Conversely, if consumer demand is higher than expected, insufficient inventory levels could result in unfulfilled customer orders, loss of revenue and an unfavorable impact on customer relationships. In particular, volatility and uncertainty related to macro-economic factors make it more difficult to forecast customer demand in various markets. Failure to properly judge consumer demand and properly manage inventory could have a material adverse effect on profitability and liquidity.

A failure of the information systems could prevent the Company from effectively managing and controlling operations and serving customers.

The Company relies on information systems to manage and operate stores and business. These include the telephone system, website, point-of-sale application, accounting package and other systems. Each store is part of an information network that permits the Company to maintain adequate cash inventory, daily reconcile cash balances, and timely report revenues and expenses. Any disruption in the availability of the information systems could adversely affect the Company’s operation, and the ability to serve customers and our results of operations.

Fluctuations in the availability and pricing of commodities, particularly gold, which accounts for the majority of merchandise costs, could adversely impact the Company’s earnings and cash availability.

While jewelry manufacturing is a major driver of demand for gold, management believes that the cost of gold is predominantly driven by investment transactions which have resulted in significant changes in that cost over the past decade. The Company’s cost of merchandise and potentially earnings may be adversely impacted by investment-market considerations that cause the price of gold to significantly increase or decrease.

An inability to increase retail prices to reflect higher commodity costs would result in lower profitability. Historically, jewelry retailers have been able, over time, to increase prices to reflect changes in commodity costs. However, in general, particularly sharp increases in commodity costs may result in a time lag before increased commodity costs are fully reflected in retail prices. There is no certainty that such price increases will be sustainable, so downward pressure on gross margins and earnings may occur. Moreover, any sustained increases in the cost of commodities could result in the need to fund a higher level of inventory or to make changes in the merchandise available to customers.

A significant portion of the consumer segment’s profit is generated from buying and selling pre-owned jewelry or other precious-metal-based products. Significant price fluctuations in precious metals, especially downward, could have a severe impact on this part of our business, as people are less likely to sell these products to the Company if they believe their merchandise is being undervalued, or if they believe the value is uncertain.

The conflict-mineral diligence process, the results from that process and the related reporting obligations could increase costs, adversely affect the Company’s reputation and adversely affect our ability to obtain merchandise.

In August 2012, the SEC, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, issued final rules which require annual disclosure and reporting on the source and use of certain minerals, including gold, from the Democratic Republic of Congo and adjoining countries. The gold supply chain is complex, and while management believes that the rules only cover less than 1% of annual worldwide gold production based upon current estimates, the final rules require certain jewelry retailers and manufacturers that file with the SEC to exercise reasonable due diligence in determining the country of origin of the statutorily designated minerals that are used in kinds of products the Company sells. Jewelry retailers or manufacturers who meet certain criteria were required to file certain reports with the SEC beginning in May 2014, disclosing their due-diligence measures related to country of origin, the results of those activities, and related determinations. In conjunction with legal counsel, we have determined that we do not have sufficient control over manufacturing of any of our products to be included in the group of companies required to provide conflict-minerals disclosure and reporting.

PART I

Item 1A

If the Company’s sourcing processes should change, or if there is a determination that the Company’s current practices should be covered by the conflict-minerals reporting and disclosure guidelines, there would be a need to implement significant additional measures to comply with these rules. Management cannot be certain of the costs that might be associated with such regulatory compliance. The final rules also cover tungsten, which is contained in a small portion of items that we sell. Other minerals, such as diamonds, could be added to those currently covered by these rules. The Company may incur reputational risks with customers and other shareholders if, due to the complexity of the global supply chain, management is unable to sufficiently verify the origin of the relevant metals. Also, if the responses of parts of the Company’s supply chain to verification requests were adverse, it could harm our ability to obtain merchandise and add to compliance costs.

Public health emergencies or outbreaks of epidemics, pandemics, or contagious diseases have disrupted, and could in the future disrupt, our operations and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Widespread public health emergencies or outbreaks of epidemics, pandemics, or contagious diseases, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, have had, and could in the future have, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. The full extent to which a global health crisis may impact our business and operating results would depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be accurately predicted, including new medical and other information that may emerge as a result and the actions by governmental entities or others to contain it or treat its impact.

The impacts of a severe health crisis could pose the risk that we or our employees, suppliers, customers and others may be restricted or prevented from conducting, or adversely modify, our business activities for indefinite or intermittent periods of time, including as a result of employee health and safety concerns, shutdowns, shelter in place orders, travel restrictions and other actions and restrictions that may be prudent or required by governmental authorities. A global health crisis could also impact our customers’ purchasing behavior or decisions, including reduced demand for our products that could continue for an extended period of time.

Any or all of the foregoing in jurisdictions where we or our customers, suppliers, or operations are located have had and could in the future have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. In addition, fluctuations in demand and other implications associated with public health emergencies have resulted in, and could in the future result in, certain supply chain constraints and challenges.

Sustained geopolitical conflicts, military action and civil unrest could result in disruptions to the global supply chain and uncertain economic conditions, which could materially adversely affect our financial condition.

U.S. and global markets are experiencing volatility and disruption following the escalation of geopolitical tensions between Ukraine and Russia, Israel and Gaza, and the Middle East. Those of which have devolved into military conflicts. In addition, the United States, Canada, the European Union, and other countries have levied economic sanctions and other penalties on Russia. Although the length and full impact of the ongoing conflicts remain uncertain, the events in Ukraine, Israel and the Middle East have resulted in market disruptions. The broader consequences of the conflicts, which may include further sanctions, embargoes, regional instability, geopolitical shifts, transportation bans on certain shipping routes and potential retaliatory action by the Russian and Iranian governments against the United States and its allies. This may lead to economic instability, sustained inflation and changes in liquidity and credit availability. Any of the factors could adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations

PART I

Item 1B, 2, 3, 4

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM IC. CYBERSECURITY

The Company recognizes the importance of developing, implementing, and maintaining cybersecurity measures to ensure the security of our information systems and networks and the confidentiality, availability, and integrity of our data. We believe that we have processes in place to oversee and identify material risks from cybersecurity threats. We review our security plans and strategies as threats and conditions evolve.

The Company depends on the proper functioning, availability, and security of its information systems, including financial, data processing, communications, and operating systems. Several information systems are software applications provided by third parties.

Our Information Technology team under the direction of our System Engineer who has more than 10 years of experience in information technology-related roles, evaluates and addresses cybersecurity risks in alignment with our risk profile, business objectives, and operational needs. In support of these processes, we employ cybersecurity technologies, including automated tools, designed to monitor, identify, and address cybersecurity risks. Employees receive periodic training on cybersecurity, including tests on “phishing” and “social engineering”, to assess the effectiveness of the cybersecurity training program and enhance awareness of cybersecurity threats among employees. Additionally, we engage assistance from third parties as we deem necessary or appropriate.  

Our management team is briefed regularly on information security, including discussion of processes such as those listed above to monitor the prevention, detection, mitigation, and remediation of cybersecurity incidents. Our Board of Directors is charged with providing oversight of our risk management process. Periodically, the Board reviews risk assessments, including cybersecurity risks, prepared by management and/or third-party providers.

There have been no previous cybersecurity incidents which have materially affected us to date, including our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition.  However, any future potential risks from cybersecurity threats, including but not limited to exploitation of vulnerabilities, ransomware, denial of service, or other similar threats may materially affect us, including our execution of business strategy, reputation, results of operations and/or financial condition.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

The Company leases eight properties and owns five other properties across three markets in which the consumer and commercial segments currently operate. Included in the owned properties is the Company’s corporate headquarters located in Irving, Texas. Nine of the properties are located in DFW, one is in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina and three are in the Phoenix area. The leases have a wide variety of terms, rents and expiration dates. The consumer segment owns three of their retail locations in DFW and one in the Phoenix area, which is currently being prepared as a retail location. They lease another three in DFW, one in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina, and one in the Phoenix area. The five leased locations have leases expiring starting in 2024 through 2027, with rights of renewal for three of the properties. The commercial segment leases all three of their locations, two of which are in DFW and the other being in Chandler, Arizona. The leases begin to expire starting in 2025 through 2027, with one lease having a right of renewal. Both segments are constantly evaluating each of their locations in terms of profitability, effectiveness and fit with long-term sustainability. Our principal corporate office building is owned by the Company, as stated earlier, and is located at 1901 Gateway Drive, Irving, Texas 75038.

For addition information about encumbrances on properties the Company owns, see Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements. For additional information about the nature of the Company’s leases, see Note 15 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In management’s opinion, these properties have been well maintained, are in good operating condition and contain all necessary equipment and facilities for their intended purposes.

PART I

Item 1B, 2, 3, 4

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

There are various claims, lawsuits and pending actions against the Company arising in the normal course of the Company’s business. It is the opinion of management that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flow.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

Item 5, 6

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

MARKET AND STOCKHOLDERS

The Company’s Common Stock is traded on the Exchange, under the symbol “ELA.”  As of March 15, 2024, we had 257 record holders of our Common Stock.

SHARE REPURCHASES AND DIVIDENDS

Envela has not declared any dividends with respect to Common Stock. Management’s intent is to retain all current earnings to finance future growth; accordingly, management is not anticipating that cash or other dividends will be paid to the Company’s shareholders of Common Stock in the near future.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

On March 14, 2023, a stock repurchase program was unanimously approved by the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”), that gave management authorization to purchase up to one million (1,000,000) shares of the Company’s stock, at a per-share price not to exceed $9, on the open market. The plan expires on March 31, 2026.

The following lists the repurchase of Company shares as of December 31, 2023:

ITEM 6. [RESERVED]

PART II

Items 7

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS

Please see the section of this Form 10-K entitled “Note About Forward-Looking Statements” on page 3.

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our financial statements and related notes and other financial information included in this Annual Report. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this Annual Report, particularly in the section titled “Risk Factors.” Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any period in the future.

Overview

We are enabling a better world through the circular economy; by empowering buyers and sellers to extend the useful lives of specialty and durable goods; and by seizing retail, recycling, and reverse-logistics supply-chain opportunities. Envela is a diverse re-commerce company that manages its business through two segments. Its commercial-services segment, and its direct-to-consumer segment. Envela reports its revenue and operating expenses based on these two operating segments, with revenue for each operating segment, being presented as resale and recycle. We also include segment information in the notes too our financial statements. For more information, see “Item 1. Business—Operating Segments” above. A list of the company’s significant subsidiaries is presented in Exhibit 21.2.

Key Economic Factors and Trends Affecting the Markets in Which We Operate

Commercial Business Drivers and Impacts

The commercial segment includes Echo, ITAD USA, CEX, Avail and Teladvance, through which it primarily buys and resells or recycles consumer electronic components and IT equipment. Echo focuses on end-of-life electronics recycling and also offers disposal transportation and product tracking, ITAD USA provides IT equipment disposition including compliance and data sanitization services, and Teladvance, CEX and Avail operate as value-added resellers by providing offerings and services to companies looking to either upgrade capabilities or dispose of equipment. Like the consumer segment, the commercial segment also maintains relationships with refiners or recyclers to which it sells extracted valuable materials from electronics and IT equipment that are not appropriate for resale or reuse.

The electronic disposition and recycling industry is fragmented in the United States. Certain parts of the commercial segment comes from a limited number of partners. The used electronics processing business is subject to cyclical fluctuations based upon product availability, promotions, seasonality, and supply chain constraints. In our commercial segment, we compete primarily on price and on the services, we provide to clients. The price offered for devices is the principle competitive factor in acquiring material from generators. Generators of material may also consider factors other than price, such as logistics costs, timely removal, customized reports, the ability to service multiple locations, insurance coverage, and the buyer’s financial strength. For additional information regarding ECHG, see “Item 1. Business—Operating Segments—Commercial Segment” and See “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Our revenues and profits may decline if we are unable to maintain relationships with significant clients or renew contracts with them on favorable terms”.

Consumer Precious Metals Pricing and Business Impact

The Company is exposed to various market risks. Market risk is the potential loss arising from the adverse changes in market prices and rates. The nature of the consumer segment operations results in exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices, specifically diamonds, platinum, gold and silver. The Company does not currently use derivatives to hedge these risks. As a significant portion of our inventory and sales involve gold and jewelry, financial results can be influenced by the market price of gold and diamonds. The retail sales and gross margin could be materially impacted if prices of diamonds, platinum, gold, or silver rise so significantly that consumer behavior changes or if price increases cannot be passed onto customers. Because the consumer segment buys and resells precious metals, it is impacted by fluctuations and changes in precious-metal pricing which rises and falls based upon global supply and demand dynamics, with the greatest impact relating to gold as it represents a significant portion of the precious-metal in which it trades. Such fluctuations, particularly with respect to gold, which accounts for a majority of the merchandise costs, can have a significant impact on earnings and cash availability.

PART II

Items 7

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting (“U.S. GAAP”) principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires our management to make judgments and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported revenue generated, and expenses incurred during the reporting periods. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these judgments and estimates under different assumptions or conditions and any such differences may be material. Our significant accounting policies are fully described in Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements.  References to fiscal years below are denoted with the word “Fiscal” and the associated year.

While our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, we believe that the accounting estimates discussed below relate to the more significant areas involving management’s judgments and estimates.

Inventories 

DGSE inventory is valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value (“NRV”). We acquire a majority of our inventory from individual customers, including pre-owned jewelry, watches, bullion, rare coins and monetary collectibles. We acquire these items based on our own internal estimate of the fair value of the items at the time of purchase. We consider factors such as the current spot market price of precious metals and current market demand for the items being purchased. DGSE supplements these purchases from individual customers with inventory purchased from wholesale vendors. These wholesale purchases can take the form of full asset purchases, or consigned inventory. Consigned inventory is accounted for on our balance sheet with a fully offsetting contra account so that consigned inventory has a net zero balance. The majority of our inventory has some component of its value that is based on the spot market price of precious metals. Because the overall market value for precious metals regularly fluctuates, these fluctuations could have either a positive or negative impact on the value of our inventory and could positively or negatively impact our profitability. We monitor these fluctuations to evaluate any necessary impairment to inventory.

The Echo inventory principally includes processed and unprocessed electronic scrap materials. The value of the material is derived from recycling the precious and other scrap metals included in the scrap. The processed and unprocessed materials are carried at the lower of the average cost of the material during the month of purchase or NRV. The in-transit material is carried at lower of cost or NRV using the retail method. Under the retail method the valuation of the inventory at cost and the resulting gross margins are calculated by applying a cost to retail ratio to the retail value of the inventory.

For the year ended December 31, 2023, we have not identified critical accounting estimates that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and would have a material impact on our results. Refer to our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1, “Accounting Policies and Nature of Operations” to our financial statements included this Annual Report on Form 10-K for recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Use of Non-U.S. GAAP Financial Measures

In this management’s discussion and analysis, we use supplemental measures of our performance, which are derived from our consolidated financial information, but which are not presented in our consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We believe that providing these Non-U.S. GAAP financial measures adds a meaningful presentation of our operating and financial performance.  See the reconciliation of net income to EBITDA, in Non-U.S. GAAP Financial Measures below.

PART II

Items 7

Non-U.S. GAAP Financial Measures

EBITDA is a key performance measure that our management uses to assess our operating performance. Because EBITDA facilitates internal comparisons of our historical operating performance on a more consistent basis, we use this measure as an overall assessment of our performance, to evaluate the effectiveness of our business strategies and for business planning purposes. EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled metrics of other companies.  EBITDA means earnings before interest expense, other (income) expense, net, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization. EBITDA is a non-U.S. GAAP measure and should not be considered as an alternative to the presentation of net income or any other measure of financial performance calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The following table provides a reconciliation of net income to EBITDA:

Starting December 31, 2023, the EBITDA Reconciliation presentation has been revised to align with the Company’s performance.

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Results of Operations

The results of operations presented below should be reviewed in conjunction with the financial statements and notes included elsewhere in the Annual Report. Prior year comparisons for 2023 and 2022, are included in “Part II, Item 7 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Year-over-year discussion and analysis of the line-item revenue and expenses within the consolidated income statement are included below for 2023 and 2022. The following tables set forth our results of operations and such data as a percentage of revenue and gross profit for the periods presented:

Comparison of 2023 and 2022

Resale Revenue 

Resale revenue decreased by $12,681,956, or 8%, in Fiscal 2023 to $149,533,829, as compared to $162,215,785 during Fiscal 2022. The individual segments reported the following:

Resale revenue related to the consumer segment, decreased by $4,549,912, or 4% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. Resale revenue, such as bullion, jewelry, watches and rare coins, decreased primarily due to a general volatility in precious metal commodity prices during 2023 as compared to 2022. Resale revenue related to the commercial segment, decreased by $8,132,044, or 20%, in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. Resale revenue decreased primarily due to the reduced demand of our hard drives.  

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Recycled Revenue

Recycled revenue increased by $1,670,190 or 8%, in Fiscal 2023 to $22,140,259, as compared to $20,470,069 during Fiscal 2022. The individual segments reported the following:

Recycled revenue related to the consumer segment, increased by $2,856,148, or 33% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. The increase in recycled revenue is primarily due to the volatility in commodity prices that forced the scaping of inventory that would have usually been sold in the retail stores. Recycled revenue related to the commercial segment, decreased by $1,185,958, or 10% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. The decrease in recycled revenue is primarily due to a reduced level of inventory purchased.

Resale-Cost of Goods Sold

Starting December 31, 2023, the cost of goods sold, for both resale and recycled revenue, is added to our results of operations for comparison purposes.

Resale cost of goods sold decreased by $9,080,773, or 7%, in Fiscal 2023 to $116,774,364, as compared to $125,855,137 during Fiscal 2022. The individual segments reported the following:

Resale cost of goods sold related to the consumer segment, decreased by $3,000,426, or 3% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. The decrease in the resale cost of goods sold is primarily due to the decrease in resale revenue of 3% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. Resale cost of goods sold related to the commercial segment decreased by $6,080,347, or 34% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. The decrease in the resale cost of goods sold is primarily due to the decrease in resale revenue of 20% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022.

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Recycled-Cost of Goods Sold

Recycled cost of goods sold increased by $1,239,563, or 10%, in Fiscal 2023 to13,243,194, as compared to $12,003,631 during Fiscal 2022. The individual segments reported the following:

Recycled cost of goods sold related to the consumer segment, increased by $1,892,543, or 28% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. The increase in the recycled cost of goods sold is primarily due to the increase in recycled revenue of 33% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. Recycled cost of goods sold related to the commercial segment decreased by $652,980, or 12% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. The decrease in the recycled cost of goods sold is primarily due to the decrease in the recycled revenue of 10% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022.

Resale-Gross Profit

Resale gross profit decreased by $3,601,183, or 10%, in Fiscal 2023 to $32,759,465, as compared to $36,360,648 during Fiscal 2022. The individual segments reported the following:

Resale gross profit related to the consumer segment, decreased by $1,549,486, or 11% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. The decrease in resale gross profit is primarily due to the decrease in resale revenue of 4% during Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022, added to the drop in gross profit margin from 11.6% during Fiscal 2022 as compared to 10.8% in Fiscal 2023. The resale gross profit related to the commercial segment, decreased $2,051,697, or 9% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. The resale gross profit decreased is primarily due to a 20% decrease in resale revenue during Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022, offset by an increase in the margin percentage from 63.5% during Fiscal 2023 as compared to 55.7% during Fiscal 2022.

Recycled-Gross Profit

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Recycled gross profit increased by $430,627, or 5%, in Fiscal 2023 to $8,897,065, as compared to $8,466,438 during Fiscal 2022. The individual segments reported the following:

Recycled gross profit related to the consumer segment, increased by $963,605, or 48% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. The recycled gross profit increase is primarily due to the 33% increase in recycled revenue and a margin percentage increase to 25.7% during Fiscal 2023 from 23.1% during Fiscal 2022. Recycled gross profit related to the commercial segment, decreased by $532,978, or 8% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. The recycled gross profit for the commercial segment decrease is primarily due to a 10% decrease in recycled revenue for Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022.

Selling, General and Administrative

SG&A expenses increased by $2,106,953, or 7%, in Fiscal 2023 to $31,537,677, as compared to $29,430,724 during Fiscal 2022. The individual segments reported the following:

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the consumer segment, increased $1,878,408, or 21% in Fiscal 2023 as compared to Fiscal 2022. The increase in SG&A was primarily due to an increase in advertising of approximately $221,000 and payroll and payroll related expenses of approximately $1,700,000. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the commercial segment, increased by $228,545, or 1% in Fiscal 2023 compared to Fiscal 2022. The increase in SG&A was primarily due to an increase in payroll and payroll related expenses of approximately $217,000.

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Depreciation and Amortization