o Confidential,
for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
o Definitive
Proxy Statement
o Definitive
Additional Materials
o Soliciting
Material Pursuant to §240.14a-12
PULITZER INC.
(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)
(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if
other than the Registrant)
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):
o
No fee required.
x
Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act
Rules 14a-6(i)(4) and 0-11.
(1)
Title of each class of securities to which
transaction applies:
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Pulitzer Inc.
Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Pulitzer Inc.
(2)
Aggregate number of securities to which
transaction applies:
10,382,844 shares of common stock
11,469,398 shares of Class B common stock
Stock options to purchase an aggregate of 2,308,996 shares of common stock
Restricted stock units for an aggregate of 139,680 shares of common stock
(3)
Per unit price or other underlying value of
transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11
(Set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and
state how it was determined):
$64.00 per share of common stock
$64.00 per share of Class B common stock
$64.00 minus weighted average exercise price of $45.53 for options to
purchase an aggregate of 2,308,996 shares of common stock
$64.00 per share of common stock covered by restricted stock units for an
aggregate of 139,680 shares of common stock
As of February 25, 2005, there were (i) 10,382,844 shares of common stock
outstanding, (ii) 11,469,398 shares of Class B common stock outstanding,
(iii) options to purchase an aggregate of 2,308,996 shares of common stock
and (iv) restricted stock units for an aggregate of 139,680 shares of common
stock. In the merger described in the accompanying proxy statement, (i) each
share of common stock will (subject to appraisal rights) be converted into
the right to receive $64.00 in cash, (ii) each share of Class B common stock
will (subject to appraisal rights) be converted into the right to receive
$64.00 in cash, (iii) each holder of an option will be entitled to receive an
amount in cash determined by multiplying the excess of $64.00 per share over
the applicable exercise price of such option by the number of shares covered
by such option and (iv) each restricted stock unit will be converted into the
right to receive $64.00 in cash for each share of common stock covered by
such restricted stock unit.
The filing fee of $170,680.32 was calculated pursuant to applicable rules and
orders of the Commission and is equal to $117.70 per $1,000,000 of the
proposed aggregate merger consideration of $1,450,130,164, which represents
the sum of (a) the product of 10,382,844 issued and outstanding shares of
common stock and merger consideration of $64.00 per share, (b) the product of
11,469,398 issued and outstanding shares of Class B common stock and merger
consideration of $64.00 per share, (c) the product of (i) 2,308,996 shares of
common stock underlying options and (ii) the difference between $64.00 per
share and the weighted average exercise price of such options of $45.53 per
share and (d) the product of restricted stock units covering 139,680 shares
of common stock and merger consideration of $64.00 per share.
(4)
Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction: $1,450,130,164
(5)
Total fee paid: $170,680.32
o
Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
o
Check box if any part of the fee is offset as
provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the
filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously.
Identify the previous filing by registration statement number,
or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing.
You are cordially invited to attend a special meeting of
stockholders of Pulitzer Inc. to be held
at ,
Eastern Daylight Time,
on ,
2005,
at .
At the special meeting, you will be asked to consider and vote
to adopt an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of
January 29, 2005, by and among Pulitzer, LP Acquisition
Corp. and Lee Enterprises, Incorporated, pursuant to which LP
Acquisition Corp. will be merged into Pulitzer and Pulitzer will
become an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Lee. Upon the
merger becoming effective, you will be entitled to receive
$64.00 in cash for each share of common stock or Class B
common stock that you own.
Our board of directors, by unanimous vote, has determined
that the merger agreement and the merger are advisable and fair
to and in the best interests of Pulitzer and Pulitzer’s
stockholders, has declared the merger agreement advisable and
that the merger consideration to be paid for our common stock
and Class B common stock is fair to the holders of such
shares, and has approved and adopted the merger agreement and
the merger. Our board of directors unanimously recommends that
Pulitzer’s stockholders vote “FOR” adoption of
the merger agreement.
In arriving at its recommendation, the board of directors
carefully considered a number of factors described in the
accompanying proxy statement. One of the factors considered was
the written opinion of Goldman, Sachs & Co.
(“Goldman Sachs”) which acted as financial advisor to
us in connection with the merger, that, based upon and subject
to the factors and assumptions set forth in Goldman Sachs’
opinion dated January 29, 2005, as of the date of the
opinion, the $64.00 per share in cash to be received by the
holders of the outstanding shares of our common stock and
Class B common stock, taken in the aggregate, pursuant to
the merger agreement is fair from a financial point of view to
those holders. The full text of this opinion is attached as
Annex B to the accompanying proxy statement, and the
opinion should be read in its entirety. Goldman Sachs provided
its opinion for the information and assistance of the board of
directors in connection with its consideration of the merger.
Goldman Sachs’ opinion is not a recommendation as to how
any holder of our common stock or Class B common stock
should vote with respect to the merger.
The proxy statement attached to this letter provides you with
information about the proposed merger and the special meeting of
Pulitzer’s stockholders. We encourage you to read the
entire proxy statement carefully. You may also obtain more
information about Pulitzer from documents we have filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
Your vote is important regardless of the number of shares of
Pulitzer’s common stock and Class B common stock you
own. Because adoption of the merger agreement requires the
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the aggregate
voting power of our issued and outstanding shares of common
stock and Class B common stock entitled to vote, voting
together as a single class, a failure to vote will have the same
effect as a vote against adoption of the merger agreement.
Accordingly, you are requested to promptly vote your shares by
completing, signing and dating the enclosed proxy card and
returning it in
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved of the merger,
passed upon the merits or fairness of the merger agreement or
the transactions contemplated thereby, including the proposed
merger, or passed upon the fairness or merits of the merger or
upon the adequacy or accuracy of the information contained in
this proxy statement. Any representation to the contrary is a
criminal offense.
This proxy statement is
dated ,
2005, and is first being mailed to stockholders on or
about ,
2005.
A special meeting of stockholders of Pulitzer Inc., a Delaware
corporation, will be held
at ,
on ,
2005,
at Eastern
Daylight Time, for the following purposes:
1. To consider and vote on a proposal to adopt the
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 29, 2005,
by and among Pulitzer Inc., LP Acquisition Corp. and Lee
Enterprises, Incorporated, pursuant to which LP Acquisition
Corp. will be merged with and into Pulitzer, Pulitzer will
become an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Lee, and each
outstanding share of common stock and Class B common stock,
par value $0.01 per share, of Pulitzer Inc. will be
converted into the right to receive $64.00 in cash, without
interest; and
2. To transact such other business as may properly come
before the special meeting or any adjournment or postponement
thereof.
Stockholders of record on [March 23], 2005 will be entitled
to notice of and to vote at the special meeting or at any
adjournment or postponement of the special meeting. A list of
these stockholders will be available for inspection ten days
prior to the special meeting at Pulitzer’s executive
offices, located at 900 North Tucker Boulevard,
St. Louis, Missouri63101.
Holders of Pulitzer’s common stock and Class B common
stock have the right to exercise appraisal rights and obtain
payment in cash of the fair value of their common stock and
Class B common stock as appraised by the Delaware Court of
Chancery under applicable provisions of Delaware law. This
amount could be more, the same as, or less than the value a
stockholder would be entitled to receive under the terms of the
merger agreement. In order to perfect and exercise their
appraisal rights, stockholders must deliver written demand to
Pulitzer for appraisal of their shares before the taking of the
vote on the merger agreement at the special meeting and must not
vote in favor of adoption of the merger agreement. A copy of the
applicable Delaware statutory provisions is included as
Annex C to the accompanying proxy statement, and a summary
of these provisions can be found under “Appraisal
Rights” in the accompanying proxy statement.
The adoption of the merger agreement requires the approval of
the holders of a majority of the aggregate voting power of the
outstanding shares of Pulitzer’s common stock and
Class B common stock entitled to vote thereon, voting
together as a single class. Even if you plan to attend the
special meeting in person, we request that you complete, sign,
date and return the enclosed proxy or vote by telephone or on
the Internet and thus ensure that your shares will be
represented at the special meeting if you are unable to attend.
Your failure to return your proxy card or to register your vote
by telephone or on the Internet will have the same effect as a
vote against adoption of the merger agreement. If you do attend
the special meeting and wish to vote in person, you may revoke
your proxy and vote in person. If your shares are held in
“street name” by your broker, you should instruct your
broker on how to vote your shares using the instructions
provided by your broker.
Stockholders are requested to complete, sign, date and return
the enclosed form of proxy in the enclosed prepaid envelope or
to register their vote by telephone or on the Internet by
following the instructions on the proxy card.
Our board of directors unanimously recommends that
Pulitzer’s stockholders vote “FOR” adoption of
the merger agreement.
This summary term sheet does not contain all of the information
that is important to you. You should carefully read the entire
proxy statement, including the annexes, to fully understand the
merger. The merger agreement is attached as Annex A to this
proxy statement. We encourage you to read the merger agreement
because it is the legal document that governs the merger. In
addition, we incorporate by reference important business and
financial information about us in this proxy statement. You may
obtain the information incorporated by reference into this proxy
statement without charge by following the instructions in the
section entitled “Where You Can Find More Information”
beginning on page 68. In this proxy statement, the terms
“we,”“us,”“our,”“Pulitzer” and “our company” refer to
Pulitzer Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliated entities. In
this proxy statement, we refer to Lee Enterprises, Incorporated
as “Lee” and LP Acquisition Corp. as
“purchaser.”
The Proposed Transaction
Stockholder Vote
You are being asked to vote to adopt a merger agreement with
respect to a merger in which purchaser will merge with and into
Pulitzer. As a result of the merger, Pulitzer will become an
indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Lee. Following the merger,
our common stock will no longer be listed on the New York Stock
Exchange. Our existing stockholders will no longer have an
equity interest in Pulitzer and will not participate in any
potential future earnings and growth of Pulitzer.
Consideration For Your Stock
Following completion of the merger, you will be entitled to
receive $64.00 in cash, without interest, for each of your
shares of our common stock or Class B common stock.
Lee
•
Lee and its subsidiaries are in the business of newspaper
publishing and associated online services. See “The Parties
to the Merger” beginning on page 10.
Purchaser
•
LP Acquisition Corp. is a corporation formed by Lee for the
purpose of facilitating the merger. The capital stock of LP
Acquisition Corp. is indirectly held by Lee. See “The
Parties to the Merger” beginning on page 10.
Pulitzer
•
Pulitzer and its subsidiaries and affiliated entities are a
newspaper publishing company with integrated Internet operations
in 14 United States markets. See “The Parties to the
Merger” beginning on page 10.
Board Recommendation
Our board of directors, by unanimous vote, has determined that
the merger agreement and the merger are advisable and fair to
and in the best interests of Pulitzer and Pulitzer’s
stockholders, has declared the merger agreement advisable and
that the merger consideration to be paid for our common stock
and Class B common stock is fair to the holders of such
shares, and has approved and adopted the merger agreement and
the merger. Our board of directors unanimously recommends that
Pulitzer’s stockholders vote “FOR” adoption of
the merger agreement. See “The Merger — Board
Recommendation” beginning on page 24.
Our board of directors carefully considered the terms of the
proposed transaction and approved the merger based on a number
of factors. For a discussion of these reasons, see “TheMerger — Reasons For the Merger” beginning on
page 22.
Opinion of our Financial Advisor
Goldman, Sachs & Co. (“Goldman Sachs”) acted
as financial advisor to us in connection with the merger.
Goldman Sachs delivered an oral opinion to our board of
directors, subsequently confirmed in writing, to the effect
that, as of January 29, 2005, and based upon and subject to
the factors and assumptions set forth in the opinion, the
$64.00 per share in cash to be received by the holders of
the outstanding shares of our common stock and Class B
common stock, taken in the aggregate, pursuant to the merger
agreement is fair from a financial point of view to those
holders.
The full text of the written opinion of Goldman Sachs, dated
January 29, 2005, which sets forth the assumptions made,
procedures followed, matters considered, and limitations on the
review undertaken in connection with the opinion, is attached to
this proxy statement as Annex B. Goldman Sachs provided its
opinion for the information and assistance of our board of
directors in connection with its consideration of the merger.
Goldman Sachs’ opinion is not a recommendation as to how
any holder of our common stock or Class B common stock
should vote with respect to the merger. The opinion should be
read in its entirety. See “The Merger — Opinion
of our Financial Advisor” beginning on page 29.
Financing For the Merger
In connection with the merger, Lee has informed us that its
payments are expected to be funded by debt financing and
unrestricted cash of Lee and Pulitzer available at closing. Lee
has also informed us that it has received a commitment letter
from Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, Deutsche Bank
Securities Inc., SunTrust Bank and SunTrust Capital Markets,
Inc. to provide the debt financing. See “TheMerger — Financing For the Merger” beginning on
page 39.
Material United States Federal Income Tax Consequences
The merger will be taxable for U.S. federal income tax
purposes. Generally, this means that you will recognize taxable
gain or loss equal to the difference between the cash you
receive in the merger and your adjusted tax basis in the shares
of Pulitzer common stock and Class B common stock which you
own. Tax matters can be complicated, and the tax consequences of
the merger to you will depend on the facts of your own
situation. You should consult your own tax advisor to understand
fully the tax consequences of the merger to you. See “TheMerger — Material United States Federal Income Tax
Consequences” beginning on page 45.
The Special Meeting of our Stockholders
Place, Date and Time
The special meeting will be held
at ,
Eastern Daylight Time,
on ,
2005
at .
The Vote Required For Adoption of the Merger Agreement
The adoption of the merger agreement requires the affirmative
vote of the holders of a majority of the aggregate voting power
of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock and
Class B common stock entitled to vote, voting together as a
single class. The failure to vote will have the same effect as a
vote against adoption of the merger agreement. We expect all of
the outstanding shares of our common stock and Class B
common stock owned by our directors and executive officers,
including for this purpose David E. Moore, a director emeritus,
representing approximately 86.7% of the aggregate voting power
of the outstanding shares of our common stock and Class B
common stock as of February 25, 2005, to be voted
in favor of the proposal to adopt the merger agreement. See
“The Special Meeting of our Stockholders — Vote
Required; Quorum” beginning on page 11.
Who Can Vote At the Meeting
You can vote at the special meeting all of the shares of our
common stock and Class B common stock you own of record as
of [March 23], 2005, which is the record date for the special
meeting. If you own shares that are registered in someone
else’s name, for example, a broker, you need to direct that
person to vote those shares or obtain an authorization from that
person and vote the shares yourself at the meeting. As of
[March 23], 2005, there
were shares
of our common stock outstanding held by
approximately holders
of record. As of [March 23], 2005, there
were shares
of our Class B common stock outstanding held by
approximately holders
of record. See “The Special Meeting of our
Stockholders — Vote Required; Quorum” beginning
on page 11.
Procedure For Voting
You can vote shares you hold of record by attending the special
meeting and voting in person, by mailing the enclosed proxy card
or by registering your vote by telephone or on the Internet. If
your shares are held in “street name” by your broker,
you should instruct your broker on how to vote your shares using
the instructions provided by your broker. If you do not instruct
your broker to vote your shares, your shares will not be voted,
which will have the same effect as a vote against adoption of
the merger agreement. See “The Special Meeting of our
Stockholders — Vote Required; Quorum” beginning
on page 11.
How To Revoke Your Proxy
You may revoke your proxy at any time before the vote is taken
at the special meeting. To revoke your proxy, you must either
advise our Secretary in writing, deliver a proxy dated after the
date of the proxy you wish to revoke, or attend the special
meeting and vote your shares in person. Merely attending the
special meeting will not constitute revocation of your proxy. If
you have instructed your broker to vote your shares, you must
follow the directions provided by your broker to change those
instructions.
Appraisal Rights
Delaware law provides you with statutory appraisal rights in
connection with the merger. This means that if you are not
satisfied with the amount you will be entitled to receive as a
result of the merger, you may (provided that you comply with the
applicable requirements of Delaware law) have the “fair
value” of your shares determined by the Delaware Court of
Chancery and receive payment for your shares in cash based on
that valuation. The amount you receive in an appraisal
proceeding may be more or less than, or the same as, the amount
you would have been entitled to receive under the merger
agreement.
To exercise your appraisal rights, you must deliver written
demand to Pulitzer for appraisal of your shares before the
taking of the vote on the merger agreement at the special
meeting and you must not vote in favor of adoption of the merger
agreement. Your failure to follow exactly the procedures
specified under Delaware law will result in the loss of your
appraisal rights. See “Appraisal Rights” beginning on
page 66.
Our Stock Price
Shares of our common stock are listed on the New York Stock
Exchange under the trading symbol “PTZ.” On
January 28, 2005, which was the last trading day before we
announced the merger, our common stock closed at $62.90 per
share.
On ,
2005, which was the last practicable trading day before this
proxy statement was printed, our common stock closed at
$ per
share. See “Our Stock Price” beginning on page 61.
Shares of our Class B common stock do not trade publicly.
We are working to complete the merger as soon as possible. We
anticipate completing the merger in the second quarter of 2005,
subject to receipt of stockholder approval and satisfaction of
other requirements, including the conditions to the merger
described below. See “The Merger Agreement —
Conditions to the Merger” beginning on page 57.
Non-Solicitation; Other Offers
The merger agreement contains restrictions on our ability to
solicit, engage in discussions or negotiations with or disclose
nonpublic information to a third party regarding a proposal to
acquire a significant interest in our company. Notwithstanding
these restrictions, under certain circumstances, our board of
directors may negotiate or engage in discussions with or
disclose nonpublic information to a party that makes a proposal
for an alternative acquisition that our board of directors
determines could reasonably be expected to result in a superior
proposal. The merger agreement obligates our board of directors
not to withdraw or modify, or to take any action that would be
inconsistent with, our board of directors’ approval of the
merger agreement and the merger or with our board of
directors’ recommendation to stockholders to vote for
adoption of the merger agreement. Notwithstanding these
obligations, under certain circumstances, our board of directors
is permitted not to recommend adoption of the merger agreement
to our stockholders, or to withdraw or modify its recommendation
that our stockholders adopt the merger agreement. See “The
Merger Agreement — No Solicitation; Other Offers”
beginning on page 52.
Conditions to the Merger
The merger agreement is subject to the approval of the
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the aggregate
voting power of our issued and outstanding shares of common
stock and Class B common stock entitled to vote, voting
together as a single class, as well as other conditions. See
“The Merger Agreement — Conditions to the
Merger” beginning on page 57.
Termination of the Merger Agreement
The merger agreement may be terminated, and the merger
abandoned, at any time prior to the effective time of the
merger, whether before or after our stockholders have adopted
the merger agreement, by mutual written consent. In addition,
upon the occurrence of various events specified in the merger
agreement, Lee or we may terminate the merger agreement before
the effective time of the merger. See “The Merger
Agreement — Termination of the Merger Agreement”
beginning on page 59 and “The Merger
Agreement — Fees and Expenses” beginning on
page 60.
Fees and Expenses
We have agreed to pay Lee a termination fee of $55 million
if Lee or we terminate the merger agreement in specified
circumstances. We have agreed to pay Lee a fee of
$30 million plus Lee’s actual documented expenses (not
to exceed $12 million) if Lee or we terminate the merger
agreement because our stockholders have not adopted the merger
agreement at the special meeting described in this proxy
statement. See “The Merger Agreement — Fees and
Expenses” beginning on page 60.
Employee and Director Benefits
The merger agreement contains a number of provisions relating to
the compensation and benefits that certain of our employees and
directors will receive in connection with and following the
merger. Among other items, these provisions address salary and
bonus opportunities, post-retirement group welfare benefits,
severance protection, supplemental pension benefits, and the
cashout of both vested and non-vested outstanding stock options
and other equity compensation awards. See “The Merger
Agreement — Employee and Director Benefits”
beginning on page 54.
Interests of our Directors and Executive Officers in the
Merger
Our executive officers and certain of our directors have
interests in the merger that are different from, or in addition
to, those of other stockholders. These interests include
compensation and employee benefit-related protections applicable
to employees generally. See “The Merger
Agreement — Employee and Director Benefits”
beginning on page 54, and “The Merger
Agreement — Stock Options and Other Equity
Awards” beginning on page 48. Other interests include:
•
special severance protection and other payments for our
executive officers under our executive transition plan and
related agreements;
•
transaction-related and retention incentive compensation
opportunities for our executive officers and other designated
employees;
•
the accelerated termination of and payout of future consulting
and advisory fees under the 1999 employment and consulting
agreement with the chairman of our board of directors;
•
the potential settlement of certain life insurance arrangements
covering our chief executive officer and four of our former
senior executives (three of whom are directors); and
•
ongoing fees and a contingent success bonus to a law firm and a
contingent fee to a financial advisory services firm that
Pulitzer has engaged in connection with the merger. Both
contingent amounts are payable upon completion of the merger. A
director of Pulitzer is a partner in the law firm and another
director of Pulitzer is an executive officer of the financial
advisory services firm.
In addition, certain indemnification and insurance arrangements
for our current and former directors and officers will be
continued for at least six years following the closing date of
the merger. See “The Merger — Interests of our
Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger” beginning
on page 24.
Shares Held by Directors and Executive Officers
We expect all of the outstanding shares of our common stock and
Class B common stock owned by our directors and executive
officers, including for this purpose David E. Moore, a director
emeritus, representing approximately 86.7% of the aggregate
voting power of the outstanding shares of our common stock and
Class B common stock as of February 25, 2005, to be
voted in favor of the proposal to adopt the merger agreement.
See “Security Ownership by Certain Beneficial Owners and
Management” beginning on page 63.
Payment For the Shares
Lee has appointed Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. as paying agent to
coordinate the payment of the cash merger consideration
following the merger. The paying agent will send you written
instructions for surrendering your certificates and obtaining
the cash merger consideration after we have completed the
merger. Do not send in your Pulitzer share certificates
now. See “The Merger Agreement — Payment For
the Shares” beginning on page 47.
Questions
If, after reading this proxy statement, you have additional
questions about the merger or other matters discussed in this
proxy statement, you should contact our Secretary:
The following questions and answers are for your convenience
only, and briefly address some commonly asked questions about
the merger. You should still carefully read this entire proxy
statement, including the annexes.
Q:
What is the proposed transaction that I am being asked to
vote on?
A:
The proposed transaction is the acquisition of Pulitzer by a
subsidiary of Lee pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger
dated as of January 29, 2005 by and among Pulitzer, LP
Acquisition Corp. and Lee. Once the merger agreement has been
adopted by our stockholders and the other closing conditions
under the merger agreement have been satisfied or waived,
purchaser will merge with and into Pulitzer. Pulitzer will be
the surviving corporation in the merger and will become an
indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Lee, and the directors and
officers of LP Acquisition Corp. will become the directors and
officers of the surviving corporation.
Q:
What will Pulitzer stockholders receive in the merger?
A:
After completion of the merger, Pulitzer stockholders will be
entitled to receive $64.00 in cash, without interest, for each
share of our common stock or Class B common stock that they
own. For example, if you own 100 shares of our common
stock, you will be entitled to receive $6,400.00 in cash in
exchange for your Pulitzer common stock.
Q:
Where and when is the special meeting?
A:
The special meeting will take place
at ,
on ,
2005,
at Eastern
Daylight Time.
Q:
Who can vote at the special meeting?
A:
Holders of Pulitzer common stock and Class B common stock
at the close of business on [March 23], 2005, the record
date for the special meeting, may vote in person or by proxy at
the special meeting.
Q:
How many votes do I have?
A:
Holders of Pulitzer common stock have one vote for each share of
Pulitzer common stock owned at the close of business on
[March 23], 2005, the record date for the special meeting.
Holders of Pulitzer Class B common stock have ten votes for
each share of Pulitzer Class B common stock owned at the
close of business on [March 23], 2005, the record date for
the special meeting.
Q:
What vote of Pulitzer stockholders is required to adopt the
merger agreement?
A:
For us to complete the merger, stockholders holding at least a
majority of the aggregate voting power of the shares of our
common stock and Class B common stock outstanding at the
close of business on the record date, voting together as a
single class, must vote “FOR” adoption of the merger
agreement.
Q:
How does Pulitzer’s board of directors recommend that I
vote?
A:
Our board of directors unanimously recommends that
Pulitzer’s stockholders vote “FOR” the proposal
to adopt the merger agreement. You should read “TheMerger — Reasons For the Merger” beginning on
page 22 for a discussion of the factors that our board of
directors considered in deciding to unanimously recommend the
adoption of the merger agreement.
Q:
Is the merger subject to the satisfaction of any
conditions?
A:
Yes. Before completion of the merger agreement, a number of
closing conditions must be satisfied or waived. These conditions
are described in the section of the proxy statement entitled
“The Merger Agreement — Conditions to the
Merger” beginning on page 57. These conditions
include, among others, obtaining stockholder approval. If these
conditions are not satisfied or waived, the merger will not be
completed.
Lee has informed us that its payments are expected to be funded
by debt financing and unrestricted cash of Lee and Pulitzer
available at closing. Lee has also informed us that it has
received a commitment letter from Deutsche Bank Trust Company
Americas, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., SunTrust Bank and
SunTrust Capital Markets, Inc. to provide the debt financing.
See “The Merger — Financing For the Merger”
beginning on page 39.
Q:
When do you expect the merger to be completed?
A:
If the merger agreement is adopted and the other conditions to
the merger are satisfied or waived, the merger is expected to be
completed promptly after the special meeting. We are working
toward completing the merger as quickly as possible, and we
anticipate that it will be completed in the second quarter of
2005. Because the merger is subject to a number of conditions,
however, the exact timing of the merger cannot be determined.
Q:
Is the merger expected to be taxable to me?
A:
Generally, yes. The receipt of $64.00 in cash for each share of
our common stock or Class B common stock pursuant to the
merger will be a taxable transaction for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, and you generally will be required to
recognize gain or loss measured by the difference, if any,
between $64.00 per share and your adjusted tax basis in
that share. You should read “The Merger —
Material United States Federal Income Tax Consequences”
beginning on page 45 for a more complete discussion of the
federal income tax consequences of the merger. Tax matters can
be complicated, and the tax consequences of the merger to you
will depend on your particular situation. Accordingly, you
should also consult your own tax advisor on the tax consequences
of the merger to you.
Q:
Do the directors and executive officers have interests in the
merger that are different from, or in addition to, mine?
A:
Yes. Our executive officers and certain of our directors have
interests in the merger that are different from, or in addition
to, those of other stockholders. These interests include
compensation and employee benefit-related protections applicable
to employees generally. See “The Merger
Agreement — Employee and Director Benefits”
beginning on page 54, and “The Merger
Agreement — Stock Options and Other Equity
Awards” beginning on page 48. Other interests include:
• special severance protection and other payments for
our executive officers under our executive transition plan and
related agreements;
• transaction-related and retention incentive
compensation opportunities for our executive officers and other
designated employees;
• the accelerated termination of and payout of future
consulting and advisory fees under the 1999 employment and
consulting agreement with the chairman of our board of directors;
• the potential settlement of certain life insurance
arrangements covering our chief executive officer and four of
our former senior executives (three of whom are
directors); and
• ongoing fees and a contingent success bonus to a law
firm and a contingent fee to a financial advisory services firm
that Pulitzer has engaged in connection with the merger. Both
contingent amounts are payable upon completion of the merger. A
director of Pulitzer is a partner in the law firm and another
director of Pulitzer is an executive officer of the financial
advisory services firm.
In addition, certain indemnification and insurance arrangements
for our current and former directors and officers will be
continued for at least six years following the closing date of
the merger. See “The Merger — Interests of our
Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger” beginning
on page 24.
Q:
Am I entitled to appraisal rights?
A:
Yes. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, holders of our
common stock and Class B common stock who do not vote in
favor of adoption of the merger agreement will have the right to
seek appraisal of the fair value of their shares as determined
by the Delaware Court of Chancery, but only if they submit a
written demand for an appraisal prior to the vote on the
adoption of the merger
agreement at the special meeting and they otherwise comply with
the Delaware law requirements explained in this proxy statement.
See “Appraisal Rights” beginning on page 66.
Q:
How long after the effective date of the merger will I
receive the cash payment for my shares?
A:
We expect the paying agent to distribute letters of transmittal
within approximately
[ ] days
after the effective date of the merger. You should expect
payment for your shares approximately
[ ] days
after the paying agent receives your properly completed letter
of transmittal and stock certificates.
Q:
What will happen to shares in my account under
Pulitzer’s employee stock purchase plans?
A:
The Pulitzer stock owned by you under Pulitzer’s employee
stock purchase plans is held for your account by A.G. Edwards in
“street name.” You will be entitled to direct A.G.
Edwards how to vote your plan shares. In general, unless you
exercise your appraisal rights, A.G. Edwards will exchange your
plan shares for cash at the rate of $64.00 per share as
part of the merger. The cash for your shares, including any
fractional share, will be credited to your A.G. Edwards account.
You will be able to access the cash proceeds from the exchange
of your shares in the merger as soon as the proceeds are
received by A.G. Edwards and credited to your plan account. We
anticipate this process will be completed within a couple of
weeks after the merger closing date. You should follow the
instructions to be provided by A.G. Edwards, including the
completion and return of any form it may forward to you.
Q:
What do I need to do now?
A:
We urge you to read this proxy statement carefully, including
its annexes, and to consider how the merger affects you. Then
mail your completed, dated and signed proxy card in the enclosed
return envelope or register your vote by telephone or on the
Internet by following the instructions on the proxy card as soon
as possible so that your shares can be voted at the special
meeting of our stockholders.
Q:
Why is my vote important?
A:
Whether or not you vote for adoption of the merger agreement, if
the merger agreement is adopted and the other conditions to the
merger are satisfied or waived, you will be entitled to receive
the merger consideration for your shares of our common stock and
Class B common stock upon completion of the merger, unless
you exercise your appraisal rights. However, because adoption of
the merger agreement requires the affirmative vote of the
holders of a majority of the aggregate voting power of our
issued and outstanding shares of common stock and Class B
common stock entitled to vote (not just the common stock and
Class B common stock actually voting), if you do not vote,
it will have the same effect as a vote against adoption of the
merger agreement. We expect all of the outstanding shares of our
common stock and Class B common stock owned by our
directors and executive officers, including for this purpose
David E. Moore, a director emeritus, representing approximately
86.7% of the aggregate voting power of the outstanding shares of
our common stock and Class B common stock as of
February 25, 2005, to be voted in favor of the proposal to
adopt the merger agreement.
Q:
What happens if I do not return a proxy card?
A:
Because the required vote of our stockholders is based upon the
voting power of shares of our common stock and Class B
common stock outstanding, rather than upon the voting power of
the shares actually voted, the failure to return your proxy card
or to register your vote by telephone or on the Internet will
have the same effect as voting against adoption of the merger
agreement.
Q:
If my shares are held in “street name” by my
broker, will my broker vote my shares for me?
A:
Yes, but only if you provide instructions to your broker on how
to vote. If your shares, including shares you purchased under
Pulitzer’s employee stock purchase plans, are held in
“street name” by your broker, you should instruct your
broker on how to vote your shares using the instructions
provided by your broker. Without such instructions, your shares
will not be voted, which will have the same effect as voting
against adoption of the merger agreement. See “The Special
Meeting of our Stockholders — Vote Required;
Quorum” beginning on page 11.
Yes. If your shares are not held in “street name”
through a broker, you may vote your shares in person by
attending the special meeting of our stockholders and voting in
accordance with the procedures outlined at the meeting, rather
than signing and returning your proxy card or registering your
vote by telephone or on the Internet. If your shares are held in
“street name,” you must first get a proxy card from
your broker in order to attend the special meeting and vote.
Q:
May I change my vote after I have voted?
A:
Yes. You may revoke and change your vote at any time before your
proxy card is voted at the special meeting. You can do this in
one of three ways:
• First, you can send a written notice stating that
you would like to revoke your proxy;
• Second, you can complete and submit a new proxy in
writing, by telephone or over the Internet; or
• Third, you can attend the special meeting and vote
in person. However, your attendance alone will not revoke your
proxy.
If you have instructed a broker to vote your shares, you must
follow directions received from your broker to change those
instructions.
Q:
Should I send in my stock certificates now?
A:
No. Shortly after the merger is completed, the paying agent
for the merger will send a letter of transmittal and written
instructions for exchanging your shares for the merger
consideration. If your shares are held in “street
name” by your broker, you will receive instructions from
your broker as to how to effect the surrender of your
“street name” shares and receive cash for those
shares. Do not send any stock certificates with your proxy
card.
Q:
Who can help answer my other questions?
A:
If you have more questions about the merger, you should contact
our Secretary:
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING
INFORMATION
Statements included or incorporated by reference in this proxy
statement concerning Pulitzer’s business outlook or future
economic performance, anticipated profitability, revenues,
expenses or other financial items, together with other
statements that are not historical facts, are
“forward-looking statements” as that term is defined
under the federal securities laws. Forward-looking statements
also include those statements relating to the expected
completion and timing of the merger and other information
related to the merger. Forward-looking statements are based on
current management expectations and are subject to risks,
uncertainties and other factors, many of which are beyond our
ability to control or predict and which could cause actual
results or events to differ materially from those anticipated or
stated in such statements. Such risks, uncertainties and other
factors include, but are not limited to, industry cyclicality,
the seasonal nature of the business, changes in pricing or other
actions by competitors or suppliers (including newsprint
suppliers), outcome of labor negotiations, capital or similar
requirements, and general economic conditions, any of which may
impact advertising and circulation revenues and various types of
expenses, as well as other risks detailed in Pulitzer’s
filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (commonly
known as the SEC), including this proxy statement. Although
Pulitzer believes that the expectations reflected in
“forward-looking statements” are reasonable, it cannot
guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or
achievements. Accordingly, investors are cautioned not to place
undue reliance on any such “forward-looking
statements.” Pulitzer disclaims any obligation to update
the information included or incorporated by reference in this
proxy statement or to publicly announce the result of any
revisions to such “forward-looking statements,” or to
make any other forward-looking statements, to reflect new
information or future events or developments.
All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements
attributable to Pulitzer and persons acting on our behalf are
qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements
contained in this proxy statement.
All information contained in this proxy statement concerning Lee
and purchaser has been supplied by Lee and has not been
independently verified by Pulitzer.
THE PARTIES TO THE MERGER
Pulitzer Inc., a Delaware corporation (together with its
subsidiaries and affiliated entities), is a newspaper publishing
company with integrated Internet operations in 14 United States
markets, the largest of which is St. Louis, Missouri.
Pulitzer is the successor to the company founded by the first
Joseph Pulitzer in 1878 to publish the original
St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Pulitzer’s newspaper
holdings include operations in St. Louis, Missouri and in
Tucson, Arizona. Pulitzer’s wholly-owned subsidiary,
Pulitzer Newspapers, Inc., and its subsidiaries publish 12
dailies that serve markets in the Midwest, Southwest and West,
as well as more than 75 weekly newspapers, shoppers and
niche publications. The principal executive offices of Pulitzer
are located at 900 N. Tucker Blvd., St. Louis,
Missouri63101-1069, (314) 340-8000.
Lee Enterprises, Incorporated, a Delaware corporation, and its
subsidiaries are in the business of newspaper publishing and
associated online services. Lee was founded in 1890 in Ottumwa,
Iowa. Prior to the proposed merger of Lee and Pulitzer, Lee and
its subsidiaries owned 38 daily newspapers and a joint interest
in six others and published 200 weekly newspapers, shoppers
and specialty publications, with a circulation in nineteen
states of 1.1 million daily and 1.2 million Sunday.
Subsequent to the merger, Lee and its subsidiaries will own
52 daily newspapers (including the St. Louis
Post-Dispatch, in which they will have a 95% interest in the
results of operations) and a joint interest in six others and
will publish over 300 weekly newspapers, shoppers and
specialty publications, with a circulation in 23 states of
1.7 million daily and 2.0 million Sunday.
LP Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation, is an indirect
wholly-owned subsidiary of Lee Publications, Inc., a Delaware
corporation. Lee Publications, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary
of Lee. The principal executive offices of Lee and purchaser are
located at 201 North Harrison Street, Davenport, Iowa
52801-1939, (563) 383-2100. Purchaser was organized on
January 28, 2005 solely for the purpose of facilitating the
merger. Purchaser has not engaged in any business except in
anticipation of the merger.
THE SPECIAL MEETING OF OUR STOCKHOLDERS
Special Meeting and Board Recommendation
The special meeting will be held
on ,
2005,
at Eastern
Daylight Time,
at .
The purpose of the special meeting is to consider and vote on
the proposal to adopt the merger agreement. Our board of
directors, by unanimous vote, has determined that the merger
agreement and the merger are advisable and fair to and in the
best interests of Pulitzer and Pulitzer’s stockholders, has
declared the merger agreement advisable and that the merger
consideration to be paid for our common stock and Class B
common stock is fair to the holders of such shares, and has
approved and adopted the merger agreement and the merger. Our
board of directors unanimously recommends that Pulitzer’s
stockholders vote “FOR” adoption of the merger
agreement.
Who Can Vote at the Special Meeting
Only holders of record of our common stock and Class B
common stock as of [March 23], 2005, which is the record date
for the special meeting, are entitled to receive notice of and
to vote at the special meeting. If you own shares that are
registered in someone else’s name, for example, a broker,
you need to direct that person to vote those shares or obtain an
authorization from that person and vote the shares yourself at
the meeting. On [March 23], 2005, there
were shares
of our common stock outstanding held by
approximately holders
of record. On [March 23], 2005, there
were shares
of our Class B common stock outstanding held by
approximately holders
of record.
Vote Required; Quorum
The adoption of the merger agreement requires the affirmative
vote of the holders of a majority of the aggregate voting power
of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock and
Class B common stock entitled to vote, voting together as a
single class. Each share of common stock is entitled to one
vote. Each share of Class B common stock is entitled to ten
votes. Because the required vote of stockholders is based upon
the number of outstanding shares of our common stock and
Class B common stock (rather than just the common stock and
Class B common stock actually voting), failure to submit a
proxy or to vote in person will have the same effect as a vote
against adoption of the merger agreement.
A majority of the aggregate voting power of the shares issued
and outstanding and entitled to vote at the special meeting,
present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a
quorum. Abstentions and broker non-votes will be counted for
purposes of determining the presence or absence of a quorum.
Under the applicable New York Stock Exchange rules, the merger
proposal is a “non-discretionary” item, which means
that brokers or nominees who do not receive instructions from
the beneficial owners of shares do not have discretion to vote
the shares held by such beneficial owners on this matter.
Accordingly, if a broker holds your shares (including any shares
owned by you under Pulitzer’s employee stock purchase plans
and held for your account by A.G. Edwards) and you want your
shares to be voted at the special meeting, you should instruct
your broker on how to vote your shares using the instructions
provided by your broker.
Voting by Proxy
This proxy statement is being sent to you on behalf of the board
of directors of Pulitzer for the purpose of requesting that you
allow your shares of our common stock and Class B common
stock to be represented by proxy at the special meeting by the
persons named in the enclosed proxy card. All shares of our
common stock and Class B common stock represented at the
meeting by properly executed proxy
cards will be voted in accordance with the instructions
indicated on those proxy cards. If you sign and return a proxy
card without giving voting instructions, your shares will be
voted as recommended by our board of directors. Our board of
directors unanimously recommends that Pulitzer’s
stockholders vote “FOR” adoption of the merger
agreement.
We do not expect that any matter other than the proposal to
adopt the merger agreement will be brought before the special
meeting. If, however, such a matter is properly presented at the
special meeting, the persons named in the proxy card will use
their own judgment to determine how to vote your shares.
You may revoke your proxy at any time before the vote is taken
at the special meeting. To revoke your proxy, you must either
advise our Secretary in writing, deliver a new proxy in writing,
by telephone or over the Internet, dated after the date of the
proxy you wish to revoke, or attend the special meeting and vote
your shares in person. Attendance at the special meeting will
not by itself constitute revocation of a proxy. If your shares
are held in “street name” by your broker, you should
instruct your broker on how to vote your shares using the
instructions provided by your broker.
Solicitation of Proxies
We will pay the cost of this proxy solicitation. In addition to
soliciting proxies by mail, directors, officers and employees of
Pulitzer may solicit proxies personally and by telephone, e-mail
or otherwise. None of these persons will receive additional or
special compensation for soliciting proxies. We will, upon
request, reimburse brokers, banks and other nominees for their
expenses in sending proxy materials to their customers who are
beneficial owners and obtaining their voting instructions.
The discussion of the merger in this proxy statement is
qualified by reference to the merger agreement, which is
attached to this proxy statement as Annex A. You should
read the merger agreement carefully.
Background of the Merger
Beginning in the latter part of 2000, our board of directors and
members of our senior management reviewed the long-term
decisions facing us, including alternative business plan
strategies. They were assisted by a consulting firm with
experience in newspaper publishing and the media industry
generally. The review included an examination of the perceived
business opportunities and risks facing us at that time. At the
completion of its review in August of 2001, our board of
directors reached two principal conclusions. First, the board
had confidence in continuing our current course of concentrating
on St. Louis, growing the Pulitzer Newspapers, Inc. group
of daily newspapers and focusing on the future at the Tucson
newspaper agency. Second, the board emphasized the need to
recognize and closely monitor the risks ahead, such as the
potential migration of classified advertising to the Internet
and the scale of our operations in comparison to other companies
with interests in the newspaper publishing business, including
the impact on future acquisitions by Pulitzer. Thereafter,
pursuant to the board’s instructions, our senior management
implemented a practice of periodically monitoring those risks,
as well as new opportunities.
In keeping with that practice, beginning in late 2003 and
continuing into the spring of 2004, Robert C. Woodworth, our
president and chief executive officer, and Terrance C. Z. Egger,
our senior vice president with responsibility for all our
St. Louis operations, independently assessed the
opportunities and risks facing us at that time.
Mr. Woodworth and Mr. Egger shared their preliminary
assessments with each other and learned they generally held the
same views about our existing opportunities and risks. While
both continued to believe in the strength of Pulitzer, our
products and our markets, they also identified our limited scale
as an increasingly significant risk factor.
In the spring of 2004, Mr. Woodworth and Mr. Egger
shared their preliminary assessment of the opportunities and
risks facing our company with William Bush and James M.
Snowden, Jr., each a member of our board of directors.
Mr. Bush is a member of Fulbright & Jaworski
L.L.P., our general counsel. Mr. Snowden is an Executive
Vice President of Huntleigh Securities Corporation, a
corporation which provides us with financial advisory services.
Following their initial discussions, Messrs. Woodworth,
Egger, Bush and Snowden shared Mr. Woodworth and
Mr. Egger’s preliminary assessments of our business
opportunities and risks with our principal stockholders: Michael
E. Pulitzer, chairman of our board of directors, Emily Rauh
Pulitzer, a member of our board of directors, and David E.
Moore, a director-emeritus, as well as Richard W. Moore, a
director and the son of David E. Moore. Collectively,
Mr. Pulitzer, Mrs. Pulitzer and Mr. David Moore
are the beneficial owners, as of February 25, 2005, of an
aggregate of 194,473 shares of our common stock and
10,598,412 shares of our Class B common stock,
representing approximately 84.9% of the combined voting power of
our then-outstanding common stock and Class B common stock
and approximately 49.4% of our equity. Throughout this proxy
statement, we refer to Mr. Pulitzer, Mrs. Pulitzer and
Mr. David Moore as our “principal stockholders.”
Our principal stockholders agreed that it was timely and
appropriate to re-examine the opportunities and risks facing our
company. Over a period of time, our principal stockholders had
been considering among themselves the role of the Pulitzer
family in the future of our company. They recognized their long
association with our company and the bonds of their
relationships and appreciated that any lessening of the
cohesiveness among succeeding family leaders who would not have
had the benefit of the same long-term relationships with our
company could both affect our company’s ability to
capitalize on opportunities and raise additional risks for our
company in the future, with a potential adverse effect on our
company and on the value of all of its stockholders’ shares
alike. As a result, the discussions that followed among
Messrs. Woodworth, Egger, Bush and Snowden and our
principal stockholders led to a determination by
our principal stockholders that it was appropriate to discuss
the strategic issues facing our principal stockholders and our
company with other advisors, including Goldman Sachs and
Fulbright.
In July 2004, Messrs. Woodworth, Egger, Snowden and our
principal stockholders met several times in St. Louis with
Goldman Sachs and Fulbright. During those meetings, they
discussed trends and developments in the newspaper industry,
opportunities and risks specific to, and the relative
performance of, our operations, and factors and issues relating
to the value of our company. The principal stockholders decided
at the end of July 2004 that it was appropriate to continue the
discussion of strategic issues, and informal discussions
continued among the group in August 2004.
On September 8, 2004, the same group met again in St.
Louis. At that meeting, Goldman Sachs discussed publicly
available financial and other information about various
companies with interests in the newspaper publishing business.
Goldman Sachs also discussed factors that would affect the
valuation of our company. At the conclusion of this meeting, our
principal stockholders decided to authorize Goldman Sachs, on
behalf of the principal stockholders, to contact key senior
executives of selected companies with interests in the newspaper
publishing business to ascertain whether there was sufficient
interest in the acquisition of our company to warrant further
exploration. Our principal stockholders established specific
guidelines regarding these contacts, including that:
(i) all contacts must be made solely on their behalf and
expressly not on behalf of Pulitzer or our board of directors;
(ii) all contacts must be on the express basis that the
board had not decided to sell the company and that our principal
stockholders had not committed to any particular course of
action at that time; (iii) all contacts must be made on a
highly confidential basis; and (iv) during all contacts,
only publicly available information relating to our company
could be disclosed.
On September 8 and September 9, 2004,
Messrs. Woodworth, Egger and Snowden met in St. Louis
with Goldman Sachs and Fulbright to prepare for the
conversations that Goldman Sachs would conduct with senior
executives of the selected companies. Goldman Sachs then held
discussions with senior representatives of those selected
companies between September 13 and September 21, 2004.
On September 23, 2004, Messrs. Woodworth, Egger,
Snowden and our principal stockholders met again with Goldman
Sachs at Fulbright’s offices in New York. At that meeting,
representatives of Goldman Sachs reported on their discussions
with, and the preliminary responses of, the parties they had
contacted, including the areas of interest and concern and other
specific considerations of each of the companies. These
considerations included their willingness to pursue a cash
transaction with Pulitzer. Based on their feedback from the
initial contacts, Goldman Sachs also discussed contacting, on a
highly confidential basis, additional companies with interests
in the newspaper publishing business that presented a perceived
strategic fit with our company and a clearly demonstrated
capacity to acquire all of our capital stock in order to further
gauge the extent of possible interest in such a transaction.
At the conclusion of the meeting, our principal stockholders
recommended that a special meeting of our board of directors be
called to consider whether our board should authorize the
exploration of a range of strategic alternatives to enhance
stockholder value, including the possible sale of our company.
Promptly after the September 23, 2004 meeting, various
members of the group, including representatives of Goldman Sachs
and Fulbright, met with each of the other four members of our
board of directors (Susan T. Congalton, Ken J. Elkins, Alice B.
Hayes and Ronald H. Ridgway) to provide them with background
information, as well as an opportunity to ask questions,
regarding the matters to be presented at the special meeting.
On October 4, 2004, all our directors met in a special
meeting of the board at the offices of Fulbright in New York,
with certain directors participating by telephone.
Mr. Egger, Alan G. Silverglat, our senior vice
president — finance and chief financial officer, and
representatives of Goldman Sachs, Fulbright, Pearl
Meyer & Partners, a compensation consulting firm, and
Citigate Sard Verbinnen, a financial public relations firm, also
attended all or a portion of the meeting. At the outset of the
meeting, Mr. Pulitzer provided an overview of the process
leading up to the meeting and the conclusion that it would be in
our best interests and the interests of all of our stockholders
for senior management and Goldman Sachs to discuss the
exploration of our possible strategic alternatives, including a
possible merger or sale of our
company. He expressed the opinion that this discussion would be
consistent with the philosophy that our senior management had
communicated over the years to the financial marketplace: on the
one hand, we manage our properties with a view to their
long-term growth and, on the other hand, we seek to be
opportunistic in order to enhance stockholder value.
Mr. Pulitzer also expressed the view that it was timely and
appropriate to focus on our company’s future at that point
in the life of our company — while we were strong and
performing well, while we had a cohesive board of directors and
principal stockholder group, and while the market for potential
buyers of Pulitzer appeared attractive.
Mr. Woodworth then shared his perspectives on our future
and the process that had led to the meeting. While stating that
he was excited about our opportunities, he identified two
increasingly greater risks to our company: the emergence of the
Internet as a viable competitor in certain newspaper revenue
categories and our small market capitalization which affected,
among other things, our company’s ability to make a
suitably significant acquisition on prudent terms. In his view,
the combination of these factors posed increasingly clear
challenges to management’s efforts to enhance stockholder
value. Mr. Egger concurred with Mr. Woodworth’s
views, emphasizing that a larger scale would better enable us to
mitigate the risks in the current marketplace.
Representatives of Goldman Sachs then led a discussion of key
industry trends and our position within the industry. They also
provided an overview of the opportunities and risks within the
industry generally and those facing our company specifically.
They then reviewed the relative stock price performance of our
common stock, our peers and the broader market, and various
newspaper publishing company merger and acquisition transactions
between 2000 and 2004. They concluded with a review of the
feedback they had received in their preliminary discussions with
selected companies, and a discussion of other companies, with
interests in the newspaper publishing business.
Throughout their discussions, representatives of senior
management and Goldman Sachs responded to questions and comments
from directors and participated in the board’s in-depth
consideration and evaluation of various issues and strategic
alternatives. Among other issues and strategic alternatives, the
board considered (i) the opportunities and challenges our
company would face if it continued as an independent entity;
(ii) the likelihood of our company’s being able to
make a suitably significant acquisition on prudent terms;
(iii) the appropriateness under existing market conditions
of reviewing the company’s strategic alternatives to
enhance stockholder value; (iv) the significant tax
inefficiencies and other disadvantages of separate dispositions
of one or more of our company’s operating groups; and
(v) the possible advantages and disadvantages of an
all-cash, in comparison with an all-stock or part-stock and
part-cash, disposition of our company.
At the conclusion of its discussion and evaluation, our board of
directors unanimously determined to (i) proceed, on a
confidential basis, with exploration of possible strategic
alternatives to enhance stockholder value, including the
possible sale or merger of our company; (ii) expand the
number of companies to be contacted to include additional
companies with interests in the newspaper publishing business
that presented a perceived strategic fit and a clearly
demonstrated capacity to acquire all of our capital stock; and
(iii) hold another special meeting of the board after
Goldman Sachs had received meaningful feedback from the
additional companies to be contacted.
Pearl Meyer of Pearl Meyer & Partners and a member of
Fulbright then reviewed the provisions of our executive
transition plan that was adopted in September 2001. They
reported that they had been working to develop a program
including appropriate incentive, retention and other benefit and
compensation arrangements for key executives and other employees
for consideration by the compensation committee of our board of
directors. They explained that the program would be designed to
maintain the value of our company by assuring management focus
and retention, including severance protection in certain
circumstances. Mr. Verbinnen of Citigate Sard Verbinnen
then reviewed various financial market and public relations
issues relating to the exploration of our strategic alternatives.
Our board then discussed the formal engagement of various
advisors to assist us with our exploration of strategic
alternatives, including: (i) Goldman Sachs to serve as a
financial advisor; (ii) Huntleigh Securities Corporation to
serve as a financial advisor; (iii) Fulbright to provide us
with legal
representation; (iv) Pearl Meyer & Partners to
advise the compensation committee of our board of directors
regarding compensation and employee relations issues; and
(v) Citigate Sard Verbinnen to advise us regarding
financial market and public relations issues. The board
established an engagement committee consisting of
Ms. Congalton, Mr. Elkins, Dr. Hayes and
Mr. Pulitzer to consider and finalize the terms of the
engagement agreements with Goldman Sachs, Huntleigh, Fulbright,
Pearl Meyer & Partners, Citigate Sard Verbinnen and
other advisors retained to assist us with our exploration of
strategic alternatives to enhance stockholder value. Following a
question and answer period with the advisors and a discussion by
our board (during which the representatives of Goldman Sachs
were excused from the meeting), our board of directors
unanimously approved the retention of Goldman Sachs and the
parameters of its transaction fee and also authorized the
retention of other advisors, subject to the execution of
mutually acceptable engagement agreements, approval of the
engagement agreements by the engagement committee of our board
and appropriate action by one or more other committees of our
board, including the audit committee and corporate governance
committee.
After the October 4, 2004 special meeting of our board of
directors, we began negotiating confidentiality agreements with
potentially interested bidders. Between October 14, 2004
and November 15, 2004, we entered into nine confidentiality
agreements with potentially interested parties. Lee entered into
a confidentiality agreement on October 21, 2004.
Upon receipt from a party of its executed confidentiality
agreement, Goldman Sachs, on our behalf, forwarded confidential
information to that party, held discussions with that party and
arranged a meeting between that party and members of our
management. Goldman Sachs worked with our management to prepare
for those meetings, the management presentations to be made at
those meetings, and the information booklet furnished to each
potential bidder. We held nine management presentation meetings,
including a meeting with Lee, between October 22, 2004 and
November 18, 2004.
During the regularly scheduled meeting of our board of directors
on October 28, 2004, Goldman Sachs reported on the steps it
had taken since the special meeting held on October 4,2004. Representatives of management and Goldman Sachs discussed
the purposes and goals of the management presentation meetings,
the proposed next steps in the bidding process and the first of
the management presentation meetings on October 22, 2004.
William Bush, chairperson of the compensation committee of our
board of directors, then reported that (i) the compensation
committee was considering various issues in connection with its
development of a transition program and (ii) Pearl
Meyer & Partners had participated in the meetings of
the compensation committee and was actively involved in
formulating recommendations to the committee. Fulbright reviewed
our existing contractual obligations, outlined various
transition, severance and incentive bonus concepts being
considered, including the number of potential participants, and
discussed various issues under our existing benefit plans.
Mr. Bush responded to questions from the other directors
and indicated that the compensation committee, together with
representatives of Pearl Meyer & Partners, would
present a transition program for consideration by the board at
its special meeting scheduled for November 22, 2004.
Between October 22, 2004 and November 18, 2004, we
gave management presentations to, and management and Goldman
Sachs pursued discussions with, potentially interested parties.
On November 11, 2004, Goldman Sachs sent preliminary bid
instruction letters to parties that had indicated an interest in
continuing in the process. The letters requested that the
recipients, by November 19, 2004, submit a non-binding
indication of interest for the purchase of 100% of our
outstanding capital stock (both our common stock and
Class B common stock) and indicate, among other things,
whether they would use cash, stock or some combination of cash
and stock to complete the purchase.
Late in the day on Friday, November 19, 2004, an
international news service released an article reporting that we
were considering a sale of our company. This release led to
immediate media speculation on the future of our company. In
response, on Sunday evening, November 21, 2004, we issued a
press release confirming that we were currently engaged in the
process of exploring a range of strategic
alternatives to enhance stockholder value, including a possible
sale of our company. We further confirmed that we had engaged
Goldman Sachs as our financial advisor to assist us in this
review. In addition, members of our senior management met that
day and in the days that followed with management and groups of
employees in St. Louis. They also held telephone
conferences with publishers and key managers outside
St. Louis.
On November 22, 2004, our board held a special meeting at
which Goldman Sachs reviewed the process to date, noting that
four parties, including Lee, had submitted preliminary
indications of interest. Goldman Sachs then summarized the key
terms of the preliminary bids, including that three of the
parties had submitted all cash bids and Lee had submitted a part
cash and part stock bid. They also reviewed the reasons the
other parties had given to Goldman Sachs for not submitting
preliminary proposals. Goldman Sachs further reported that after
our press release on the preceding evening, a number of other
parties had made preliminary inquiries about participating in
the bid process. Goldman Sachs concluded with a discussion of
various valuation considerations regarding the four preliminary
bids, the performance of our stock and several comparable
transactions.
Throughout the review, senior management and Goldman Sachs
responded to comments and questions from directors and
participated in broad discussions on how the board might respond
to various issues. During the discussions, the board unanimously
determined that we should proceed with our review of strategic
alternatives. The board also determined that three of the four
parties that had submitted preliminary indications of interest
should be invited to continue in the process. In that
connection, the board decided that Goldman Sachs should request
Lee to confirm its interest in and feasibility of an all cash
transaction and to indicate the per share value which it would
be prepared to pay in such a transaction. The board also decided
that we should not accept the request of one party to negotiate
with it on an exclusive basis because it was still early in the
process. The board directed Goldman Sachs to advise the fourth
bidder that its preliminary bid was significantly lower than the
preliminary bids of others, inquire whether it wished to revise
its bid and advise it that its continuation in the process would
be dependent upon its materially increasing its bid. While that
party was subsequently provided with more information, it did
not submit a higher bid. With respect to those parties that made
preliminary inquiries following our November 21, 2004 press
release, the board authorized us to enter into a confidentiality
agreement and pursue further discussions with any party that had
both the clearly demonstrated capacity and a serious interest in
pursuing an acquisition of our company.
Pearl Meyer of Pearl Meyer & Partners then discussed
employee compensation and benefit issues related to our
strategic review process. She first reviewed our obligations
under our existing plans, noting the accelerated vesting
provisions under our existing stock option and restricted stock
agreements and suggesting actions to be implemented in
connection with those plans. She then discussed the proposed
arrangements with our executive officers and other members of
our management, including the objectives and features of those
arrangements. Ms. Meyer also discussed the projected costs
of the obligations under both our existing plans and the
different parts of the proposed transition program. She advised
that she was comfortable, based on certain assumptions,
including the per share value of our stock in a merger
transaction, that the estimated total cost of these obligations
was reasonable.
During her presentation, Ms. Meyer responded to questions
from directors and participated in the board’s discussion
of both our existing plans and the proposed transition program.
At the conclusion of its discussions, the board authorized the
compensation committee to develop and finalize the various
features of the transition program with the assistance and
advice of Pearl Meyer & Partners and Fulbright.
Following the special meeting of our board of directors on
November 22, 2004, representatives of Goldman Sachs
informed each of the four parties that had submitted preliminary
indications of interest of our board’s decision regarding
its bid. Goldman Sachs also responded to the various parties
that had inquired about participating in the process, and we
entered into a confidentiality agreement and pursued discussions
with each party that had both the clearly demonstrated capacity
and a serious interest in pursuing an acquisition of our company.
On December 6, 2004, we opened our electronic data room to
permit designated representatives of approved parties to review
due diligence materials over the Internet.
On December 7, 2004, at a special meeting of our board of
directors, Mr. Woodworth and a member of Fulbright provided
an update on the progress of our strategic review process.
At a special meeting of our board on December 15, 2004,
senior management and representatives of Goldman Sachs reviewed
developments in the strategic review process since the
board’s special meeting held on November 22, 2004.
Goldman Sachs reported that Lee had confirmed its interest in
and the feasibility of an all cash transaction and indicated
that Lee would be prepared to pay the same price per share in an
all cash transaction as in the part cash and part stock
transaction it originally proposed. Goldman Sachs explained
that, with our permission, another approved party had partnered
with one of the parties that, after our press release on
November 21, 2004, had contacted Goldman Sachs and entered
into a confidentiality agreement. Goldman Sachs then discussed
the inquiries they had received following our press release on
November 21, 2004 from several parties that were interested
in participating in the process. Goldman Sachs reported that
they had processed the serious inquiries, discussed them with
senior management and certain of our directors and executed on
our behalf confidentiality agreements with five parties. Goldman
Sachs then provided these parties with confidential information
about our company and asked them to submit preliminary
expressions of interest by December 13, 2004. We conducted
management presentation meetings with two of the five new
parties.
Noting that one new party had elected, with our permission, to
partner with an already approved party and two new parties had
decided not to submit bids, Goldman Sachs summarized the terms
of the preliminary expressions of interest submitted by the
remaining two new parties and provided information about them.
During the discussion that followed, Goldman Sachs responded to
questions from, and shared their views on comments made by, our
directors. In that exchange, Goldman Sachs indicated that it had
consulted with senior management and certain directors about all
inquiries from serious parties with a clearly demonstrated
capacity to acquire all our capital stock and no such inquiring
party had been initially excluded from the process. At the
conclusion of the discussion, the board authorized Goldman Sachs
to invite one of the two new parties to participate in the final
bidding process and to advise the other new party that its bid
was insufficient to continue in the process.
Mr. Bush, as chairman of the compensation committee of the
board, then reported on the committee’s work with Pearl
Meyer & Partners, and a representative of Fulbright
discussed various aspects of the proposed transition program for
executive officers, key managers and other employees. He
indicated that the estimated cost of the program would fall
within the range of reasonableness discussed by Pearl
Meyer & Partners at the special meeting of the board on
November 22, 2004. During the question and answer period
that followed, Mr. Bush confirmed that the compensation
committee had not made any design changes in the transition
program or significant changes in the allocation of individual
awards from the report presented at the November 22, 2004
meeting of the board. At the conclusion of the board’s
discussion, the board, with Mr. Woodworth abstaining,
unanimously approved the general framework of the transition and
retention bonus features of the transition program and delegated
authority to the compensation committee to finalize and formally
adopt and implement those features.
The confirmatory due diligence phase of the strategic review
process, which had started with the opening of the electronic
data room on December 6, 2004, continued until
January 24, 2005, the date final proposals were due. During
this period, representatives of certain of the four parties that
were invited to participate in the final bidding process,
including Lee, visited certain of our properties and discussed
various issues with our management and representatives of
Goldman Sachs and Fulbright.
As part of this process, on January 4, 2005, Goldman Sachs
furnished each of the four parties with a draft of the proposed
merger agreement and a related disclosure memorandum that had
been prepared by Fulbright. Goldman Sachs provided those parties
with a revised draft of the merger agreement on January 14,2005 and a revised draft of the disclosure memorandum on
January 18, 2005.
On January 6, 2005, Goldman Sachs sent a final bid
instruction letter to each of the final four parties instructing
it to submit, no later than 5:00 p.m. on January 24,2005, a firm and final proposal regarding a business combination
with our company, including (i) a statement of its proposed
purchase price per share for all of our outstanding capital
stock; (ii) a copy of the draft merger agreement
specifically marked to reflect its proposed changes;
(iii) confirmation of its fully committed financing,
including a copy of its commitment letter with any external
financing source; and (iv) a statement regarding the nature
and timing of any required corporate approvals that had not
already been obtained.
At a special meeting of our board on January 10, 2005,
representatives of Goldman Sachs reviewed the status of the
process, discussed the projected timetable for the coming weeks
and responded to questions and comments of various directors.
Between January 12 and January 14, 2005, our principal
stockholders met, at the request of certain of the four parties,
including Lee, with one or more of their senior representatives
to discuss their level of interest in our company and their
strategic goals for our company after a merger. On
January 21, 2005, a national financial newspaper carried an
article with purported details about our process and reporting
that final bids were due on January 24, 2005. That same
day, Goldman Sachs furnished each of the four parties that had
received a final bid instruction letter with a draft copy of our
consolidated financial statements for the year ended
December 26, 2004.
Two of those four parties (including Lee) submitted final
written bids on January 24, 2005. Thereafter, Goldman Sachs
and Fulbright evaluated and discussed the two final bids,
including the proposed changes to the draft merger agreement,
and Goldman Sachs held telephone conversations with
representatives of Lee and the other party with regard to their
bids.
On January 26, 2005, a special meeting of our board of
directors was held in the offices of Fulbright in New York. This
meeting was attended by all the members of our board and
representatives of Goldman Sachs and Fulbright. The Goldman
Sachs representatives presented a summary of the strategic
review process, noting that: (i) nine of the parties
initially contacted by Goldman Sachs had formally expressed
interest in pursuing the process; (ii) five additional
parties subsequently expressed sufficient interest to execute a
confidentiality agreement; (iii) seven parties (two of whom
were acting together) had submitted preliminary bids; and
(iv) two, including Lee, of the final four interested
parties had submitted final bids.
Goldman Sachs then discussed the final bids of Lee and the other
bidding party, including the final price per share and potential
issues under each final written bid. They reported that Lee had
submitted an all cash bid of $62.00 per share, but in
subsequent telephone calls with Goldman Sachs had indicated it
would increase its bid to $63.00 under certain conditions.
Goldman Sachs further reported that in its final bid letter, Lee
had also indicated that it was willing to consider an offer with
a combination of cash and Lee stock. They further reported that
the Lee bid was not subject to a financing condition, Lee had
included its bank commitment letter with its bid letter and that
Goldman Sachs and Fulbright had reviewed the commitment letter.
In addition, they reported that Lee’s final bid had been
approved by Lee’s board of directors. Goldman Sachs also
noted that Lee’s bid included: (i) a marked-up copy of
the draft merger agreement reflecting a number of proposed
changes; (ii) a request that our principal stockholders
enter into a voting agreement committing to vote their shares in
favor of any merger agreement between our company and Lee,
subject to appropriate fiduciary out provisions with regard to a
superior proposal; and (iii) a request that we provide
immediate access to certain key executives in St. Louis to
discuss and negotiate employment and non-competition
arrangements.
Goldman Sachs then reported that the other final bidder had also
submitted an all cash final bid of $62.00 per share.
Goldman Sachs and Fulbright advised that this party’s
formal bid contained several significant issues, including:
(i) its execution of a merger agreement was contingent on
its first entering into an agreement to sell under certain terms
its interest in a specified business property and that this
agreement must be in effect at the closing date of the Pulitzer
merger; (ii) its bid price was contingent upon completion
of pending due diligence of certain tax matters relating to our
company; (iii) its bid was conditioned upon our principal
stockholders’ entering into a voting agreement to vote
their shares in our company in favor of the proposed merger and
granting it an irrevocable option to purchase their shares at
$62.00 per share; (iv) its board of directors had not
approved its bid, and it would need up to two weeks to hold a
meeting of its board; (v) it had not submitted a full
markup of the draft merger agreement but had submitted a
memorandum of proposed principal contract modifications,
including a combination of specific language changes and general
comments, which raised the possibility of potential additional
changes; and (vi) the comments in its memorandum raised the
possibility of our having to revise certain provisions in the
draft merger agreement that provided protection for a period of
time for certain benefits for our current and, in certain
instances, retired non-bargaining unit employees. In the course
of its presentation, Goldman Sachs also reported that in
subsequent telephone discussions with the other final bidder
regarding the terms of its bid, that party had indicated it
might modify certain of the terms of its bid, including price
and its position on certain tax matters relating to our company,
but had confirmed its condition relating to prior execution of
an agreement relating to the separate sale of its interest in a
specified business property.
Goldman Sachs then reviewed a summary of our five year
management plan, our 2004 financial statements and a comparison
of management and Wall Street estimates relating to our
financial and market price performance in 2004 and 2005. This
review was followed by a presentation relating to:
(i) various valuation considerations with respect to our
company; (ii) the comparative price performance of our
common stock over different time periods and the number of
shares traded at different prices; and (iii) various
financial analyses of the all cash bids of Lee and the other
bidding party.
Fulbright then discussed the specific language changes contained
in Lee’s markup of the draft merger agreement and specific
language changes and general comments contained in the
memorandum of proposed principal contract modifications
submitted by the other party. Fulbright commented in detail on
the potential contract issues identified by Goldman Sachs in its
presentation.
During the Goldman Sachs and Fulbright reviews, their
representatives responded to questions and comments from various
directors and participated in the board’s detailed
discussions on the appropriate next steps in the process. In the
course of those exchanges, Mr. Bush, a director of our
company and a member of Fulbright, advised the board of
telephone calls he had received from a representative of the
United States Department of Justice who had stated the
department might be interested in examining a transaction
involving the acquisition of our company, and of recent media
reports about the department’s investigation into two
unrelated proposed newspaper transactions. Goldman Sachs also
reviewed its discussions on our behalf with representatives of
an employee-led group that had first contacted our directors and
Goldman Sachs about a month after our press release on
November 21, 2004. In the initial contact, a representative
of the group stated the group was interested in creating an
employee stock ownership plan to acquire our company. Goldman
Sachs directed the group to confirm its interest in writing, to
provide information about its plans and to identify its sources
of financing. Goldman Sachs reported that it had several
subsequent discussions and communications with representatives
of the group and had consulted with certain of our directors
regarding those discussions and communications. It then became
apparent, on the basis of these consultations and the materials
provided by the employee group, that the employee group’s
proposal contemplated the retention by the holders of more than
a majority of our outstanding shares of a significant portion of
their equity interest in our company and that the group had not
evidenced that it had commitments for sufficient financing to
effect an all-cash purchase.
At the conclusion of the board’s discussions, the board
directed senior management, Goldman Sachs and Fulbright to
pursue immediate discussions with Lee and its advisors to
determine a definitive price per share for an all cash
transaction and whether the outstanding issues under the draft
merger agreement could be resolved satisfactorily. The principal
factors influencing the board’s unanimous decision
included: (i) Lee had indicated in telephone conversations
with Goldman Sachs that Lee would increase its purchase price to
$63.00 per share and possibly higher under certain
circumstances, and the other bidder, while generally indicating
it might modify certain terms of its bid, including price, had
not suggested a specific higher price and had confirmed its
condition relating to prior execution of an agreement relating
to a separate sale of its interest in a specified business
property; (ii) in contrast to the other bidder, Lee’s
board of directors had approved its final bid and, thus, its
board’s expeditious approval of a definitive merger
agreement was likely; (iii) Lee’s execution of a
definitive agreement was not subject, as in the case
of the other bidder, to its first reaching an agreement with a
third party that would require review by a governmental agency,
with the potential for delay in reaching and closing the merger,
which condition had not been modified by the other party; and
(iv) Lee had submitted a complete markup of the draft
merger agreement with proposed language changes that were
generally more specific and less extensive than those in the
other party’s memorandum of proposed principal contract
modifications, which also raised the possibility of potential
additional changes.
During the afternoon of January 26, 2005, senior
management, Goldman Sachs and Fulbright held discussions with
Lee’s senior management and financial and legal advisors.
During those discussions, Lee’s counsel requested, and that
evening Fulbright forwarded to Lee and its counsel, a revised
draft of the merger agreement in anticipation of a meeting to be
held at Fulbright’s New York offices with Lee’s legal
counsel.
During the morning and early afternoon of January 27, 2005,
Goldman Sachs and Fulbright resumed discussions by telephone
with Lee’s senior management and its financial advisors.
Throughout this period, Goldman Sachs continued discussions by
telephone with the other party who had submitted a bid and other
parties who had received invitations to submit final bids.
During the negotiations with Lee, Lee tentatively agreed,
following the resolution of certain compensation and benefit
issues, to a purchase price of $64.00 per share. Lee’s
tentative agreement was subject to satisfactory resolution of
certain other outstanding issues and an understanding that we
would present its proposal to our board immediately and, if our
board approved, cease discussions with other parties (subject to
customary exceptions), and seek to negotiate a definitive merger
agreement, and submit it for consideration by our board, on an
expedited basis.
Our board of directors reconvened on the afternoon of
January 27, 2005. Goldman Sachs and Fulbright reported on
the current status of the negotiations with Lee, including the
terms of Lee’s tentative agreement to a purchase price of
$64.00 per share, the resolution of various issues, the
nature of the remaining principal outstanding issues and the
projected timetable for reaching a definitive merger agreement.
Representatives of senior management and Goldman Sachs responded
to questions and comments from various directors and
participated in the board’s discussion regarding the
appropriate next steps in the process. During those responses,
Goldman Sachs confirmed that it had held discussions with
representatives of the parties that had not submitted final bids
on January 24, 2005 and that those discussions had not led
to their submitting formal bids. At the conclusion of the
discussions, our board unanimously authorized Goldman Sachs,
together with Fulbright and members of senior management, to
continue the negotiations with Lee on an exclusive basis
(subject to customary exceptions) to reach a final form of
merger agreement for consideration by our board on an expedited
basis.
Following the conclusion of the board meeting, the parties, with
their financial and legal advisors, resumed negotiations which
continued through the afternoon of January 29, 2005, when
our board of directors and Lee’s board of directors
separately met to consider the terms of the proposed definitive
merger agreement.
At the special meeting of our board on the afternoon of
January 29, 2005, Mr. Bush confirmed that the proposed
definitive form of merger agreement was substantially in the
same form that had been delivered to our directors either the
preceding evening or that morning, and discussed the resolution
of the remaining outstanding issues. Fulbright then provided an
overview of its prior discussions with our board regarding the
fiduciary duties of the directors.
Goldman Sachs then presented various financial analyses with
respect to the transaction. During the presentations by
Fulbright and Goldman Sachs, their representatives responded to
questions and comments from our directors.
Goldman Sachs then delivered its oral opinion to our board that,
as of January 29, 2005, and based upon and subject to the
factors and assumptions set forth in its opinion, the
$64.00 per share in cash to be received by the holders of
the outstanding shares of common stock and Class B common
stock, taken in the aggregate, pursuant to the merger agreement
is fair from a financial point of view to such holders.
Goldman Sachs subsequently confirmed its oral opinion by
delivery of its written opinion, dated January 29, 2005,
which sets forth the assumptions made, matters considered and
limitations on the review undertaken in connection with the
opinion.
After our board had an opportunity to ask questions,
Mr. Pulitzer presented a resolution to enter into the
merger agreement. Our board unanimously: (i) determined
that the merger agreement and the proposed transactions were
advisable and in the best interests of Pulitzer and our
stockholders; (ii) determined that the price of
$64.00 per share to be paid for all the shares of our
capital stock is fair to the holders of those shares;
(iii) approved and adopted the merger agreement and the
proposed related transactions; and (iv) recommended that
Pulitzer’s stockholders vote to adopt and approve the
merger agreement and the merger.
After receiving approval from our board of directors, we entered
into the merger agreement with Lee and its wholly-owned
subsidiary.
All of the members of our board attended, in person or by
telephone, the formal meetings held on October 4,
October 28, November 22, December 7, and
December 15, 2004 and January 10, January 26
and 27, and January 29, 2005.
Throughout the entire strategic review process, including the
negotiations with Lee and the approval of the merger agreement,
all of our directors were aware of and considered the
relationships of James M. Snowden, Jr. and William Bush,
two of our directors, with Huntleigh (in the case of
Mr. Snowden) and Fulbright (in the case of Mr. Bush)
and any potential conflicts of interest that may exist as a
result of those relationships. Mr. Bush did not participate
in the vote of the board or any board committee to authorize, or
approve the terms of, the engagement of Fulbright, and
Mr. Snowden did not participate in the vote of the board or
any board committee to authorize, or approve the terms of, the
engagement of Huntleigh.
Throughout the entire strategic review process, including the
negotiations with Lee and the approval of the merger agreement,
all of our directors were also aware of and considered the
relationships of Ken J. Elkins, Ronald H. Ridgway, Michael E.
Pulitzer and Robert C. Woodworth, four of our directors, with
Pulitzer and any potential conflicts of interest that may exist
as a result of those relationships. Ken J. Elkins and Ronald H.
Ridgway abstained from any determinations by our board or any
board committee regarding any retirement or other benefit
arrangement in which they now participate as a result of having
been employees of our company or our predecessor and which is or
might be affected by the provisions of the merger agreement.
Michael E. Pulitzer, our chairman of the board, abstained from
any determination by our board or any board committee regarding
his consulting agreement with Pulitzer and any retirement or
other benefit arrangement in which he now participates as a
result of having been an employee of our company or our
predecessor and which is or might be affected by the provisions
of the merger agreement. In addition, Robert C. Woodworth, our
president and chief executive officer, abstained from any
determinations by our board or any board committee regarding any
compensation and benefit arrangements in which he participates
or might participate or which were modified or adopted by our
board or any board committee in connection with the strategic
review process. Our board unanimously approved all other matters
that it considered and approved, including the approval and
recommendation of the merger agreement and the merger.
Reasons For the Merger
Our board of directors consulted with members of senior
management and our financial, legal and other advisors and
considered a number of factors, including those set forth below
and those discussed above in “— Background of the
Merger” beginning on page 13, in reaching its decision
to approve the merger agreement and the transactions
contemplated by the merger agreement, and to recommend that
Pulitzer’s stockholders vote “FOR” adoption of
the merger agreement.
•
The merger agreement was the result of an extensive process
which extended for more than two months after our
November 21, 2004press release publicly confirming our
exploration of a range of
strategic alternatives and resulted in final proposals from two
bidders. Our board considered the differences in the price per
share and other terms offered by Lee and the other final bidder
and concluded that the proposal of Lee was superior to that of
the other final bidder.
•
The merger consideration of $64.00 per share, all in cash,
represented a substantial implied premium over the average
closing price of the Pulitzer common stock for various periods
ended November 19, 2004 (the last business day before our
announcement confirming that we were exploring a range of
strategic alternatives to enhance stockholder value, including a
possible sale of the company), including a 26.0% premium over
the three-month average closing price, a 30.8% premium over the
six-month average closing price, a 27.0% premium over the
52-week average closing price, a 14.1% premium over the 52-week
high closing price and a 14.1% premium over the three-year high
closing price through November 19, 2004.
•
The merger consideration is all cash, which provides certainty
of value to our stockholders.
•
The likelihood that the merger will be consummated, including
the likelihood that the merger would not be delayed or otherwise
adversely affected by regulatory issues, and the absence of any
financing condition to Lee’s obligation to complete the
merger. Our board noted that Lee had received a commitment
letter for financing and that the financing was not subject to
any significant conditions other than those set forth in the
merger agreement.
•
The business, financial, market, execution and other risks
associated with remaining independent and successfully
implementing our business strategies and meeting our
company’s projections.
•
The financial analyses of Goldman Sachs presented to our board
on January 29, 2005 and the oral opinion of Goldman Sachs
delivered to our board, subsequently confirmed in writing, to
the effect that, as of January 29, 2005, and based upon and
subject to the factors and assumptions set forth in the opinion,
the $64.00 per share in cash to be received by the holders
of the outstanding shares of our common stock and Class B
common stock, taken in the aggregate, pursuant to the merger
agreement is fair from a financial point of view to those
holders. The opinion, which is attached as Annex B to this
proxy statement, should be read in its entirety.
•
The terms and conditions of the merger agreement, which was a
product of arm’s-length negotiations, including:
•
the scope of the representations, warranties and covenants of
the respective parties, including the undertakings of Lee
relating to the continuation of certain compensation and
benefits of our current and retired employees;
•
the limited nature of the closing conditions of the merger;
•
the ability of our board in the exercise of its fiduciary duties
to terminate the merger agreement and accept a financially
superior proposal under specified conditions, subject to the
payment of a $55 million termination fee to Lee; and
•
the obligation to pay Lee a fee of $30 million plus
Lee’s documented expenses (not to exceed $12 million)
if we or Lee terminated the merger agreement because our
stockholders have not adopted the merger agreement at the
special meeting of stockholders described in this proxy
statement. Our directors noted that three directors
(Mr. Pulitzer, Mrs. Pulitzer and Mr. Richard
Moore), who are the beneficial owners of shares of our common
stock and Class B common stock representing approximately
63.8% of the combined voting power of the Pulitzer common stock
and Class B common stock, voted, as directors, at the
January 29, 2005 board meeting in favor of the approval and
adoption of the merger agreement, and are expected, as
stockholders, to direct the trustees of the Pulitzer voting
trust to vote the shares of those directors for the proposal to
approve and adopt the merger agreement.
•
We will no longer exist as an independent company and, because
this is an all-cash transaction, our stockholders will no longer
participate in the growth or any future increase in the value of
our
newspaper publishing and related new media properties and
operations or from any synergies that may be created by the
merger.
•
Gains from this all-cash transaction will be taxable to our
stockholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Our board of directors considered all of the above factors in
light of our historical and anticipated business, operations,
assets, financial conditions, operating results, cash flow and
prospects.
Our board of directors also considered the interests of our
directors and executive officers in the transactions
contemplated by the merger agreement, which are described below.
See “— Interests of our Directors and Executive
Officers in the Merger” beginning on page 24.
The foregoing discussion of the information and factors
considered by our board of directors, while not exhaustive,
includes the material factors considered by the board and
contains both factors that support the merger and factors that
may weigh against it. In view of the variety of factors
considered in connection with its evaluations, our board of
directors did not find it practicable to, and did not, quantify
or otherwise assign relative or specific weight or value to any
of these factors, and individual directors may have given
different weights to particular factors. In addition, our board
of directors did not make any specific determination of whether
any particular factor or any aspect of any particular factor was
favorable or unfavorable to its ultimate determination, and
individual directors may have had different views on the
favorability of particular factors.
Board Recommendation
Our board of directors, by unanimous vote, has determined
that the merger agreement and the merger are advisable and fair
to and in the best interests of Pulitzer and Pulitzer’s
stockholders, has declared the merger agreement advisable and
that the merger consideration to be paid for our common stock
and Class B common stock is fair to the holders of such
shares, and has approved and adopted the merger agreement and
the merger. Our board of directors unanimously recommends that
Pulitzer’s stockholders vote “FOR” adoption of
the merger agreement.
Interests of our Directors and Executive Officers in the
Merger
When considering the unanimous recommendation by our board of
directors in favor of adoption of the merger agreement, you
should be aware that our executive officers and certain of our
directors have interests in the merger that are different from,
or in addition to, yours, including those described below.
Post-Merger Compensation and Benefits Protection
The merger agreement contains provisions relating to
compensation and employee benefits to be provided for a certain
period of time after the merger to our non-bargaining unit
employees generally, including our executive officers, and
certain retirees, including some of our directors. These
provisions include the preservation of employee salary and bonus
opportunities for a certain period of time following the merger,
and continuation of the current level of post-retirement medical
coverage for a certain period of time following the merger for
certain existing and future retirees. See “The Merger
Agreement — Employee and Director Benefits”
beginning on page 54.
Cashout of Stock Options and Other Equity Compensation
Awards
Under the merger agreement, all vested and non-vested stock
options and all vested and non-vested restricted stock units
will be converted into the right to receive cash at the
effective time of the merger, based upon the $64.00 per
share merger consideration. This means that each vested and
non-vested stock option outstanding immediately before the
merger will be cashed out at the effective time of the merger
for an amount equal to the number of shares covered by the
option multiplied by the excess of the $64.00 per share
merger consideration over the per share option exercise price.
Similarly, vested and non-vested restricted stock units will be
cashed out at the effective time of the merger at the rate of
$64.00 per unit. Shares of restricted stock will be
exchanged in the merger for cash at the rate of $64.00 per
share, on the same basis as other shares outstanding at the time
of the merger. The estimated cashout values of the vested and
non-vested equity awards held as of February 25, 2005 by
each of our executive officers (in the fiscal year ended
December 26, 2004), by our non-employee directors, and by
all other employees as a group are set forth in the table below.
Mr. Contreras, our former Senior Vice President, terminated
his employment with us effective January 3, 2005 and
forfeited his non-vested options and non-vested shares of
restricted stock. He has since exercised his vested options.
Incentive Compensation
Our executive officers and certain other key employees will be
entitled to receive transaction-related and retention incentive
compensation in connection with the merger. The
transaction-related incentives include transaction participation
bonuses and bonuses in lieu of 2004 stock option grants.
(Ordinarily, we would grant options in December of each year.
However, due to the November 21, 2004 public announcement
of our strategic review process, we decided not to make option
grants in December 2004.) In general, the transaction-related
bonuses will be payable, if at all, upon the closing of the
merger, subject to continuing employment until the closing date.
The retention bonuses will generally be payable three months
after the closing, subject to continuing employment until such
date. A bonus will not be payable to a participant who
voluntarily terminates employment or whose employment we
terminate for “cause” before the date the bonus is
earned. The potential amounts of the transaction-related and
retention bonuses that may be earned by each of our executive
officers and by all other eligible employees as a
group are set forth in the following table. These bonuses are in
addition to any rights or entitlements under, and subject to the
limitations provided by, our executive transition plan and
applicable agreements previously made with executive officers
and certain other key employees.
Up to $1.6 million of this amount is allocated to a bonus
pool. The compensation committee of our board of directors,
acting in its discretion, is authorized to make bonus awards
from this pool.
Split Dollar Life Insurance
Our chief executive officer, Robert C. Woodworth, and three of
our directors, Michael E. Pulitzer, Ken J. Elkins and Ronald H.
Ridgway, are covered by cash value life insurance policies
maintained under split dollar life insurance agreements that
require us to make annual premium payments. Under the split
dollar agreements, we have the right to receive life insurance
proceeds equal to the greater of the premiums we paid or the
policy cash surrender values. Our interest in each policy is
secured by a collateral assignment of the policy. We have
deferred making scheduled premium payments under the policies
since July 30, 2002, pending clarification of certain
technical issues raised by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Under
the merger agreement, we will seek to negotiate the termination
of the split dollar agreements before the merger closes in
exchange for a release of our interest in the policy cash values
and an additional payment of up to approximately $1,917,500 in
deferred premiums. The policy cash values and deferred premiums
are approximately $45,000 and $222,500 for Mr. Woodworth;
$1,900,000 and $1,125,000 for Mr. Pulitzer; $600,000 and
$340,000 for Mr. Elkins; and $440,000 and $230,000 for
Mr. Ridgway. Split dollar life insurance agreements that
are not terminated before the merger will continue in effect
after the merger.
Employment and Consulting Agreement
Michael E. Pulitzer is party to an employment and consulting
agreement dated June 1, 1999, pursuant to which
Mr. Pulitzer served as our executive chairman until his
retirement on May 31, 2001, and under which
Mr. Pulitzer now serves as our non-executive chairman and
senior advisor until May 31, 2006. Under his agreement,
Mr. Pulitzer receives an annual consulting/advisory fee of
$700,000. Under the merger agreement, Mr. Pulitzer’s
employment and consulting agreement will terminate on the date
of the merger and Mr. Pulitzer will be paid an amount equal
to the balance of the remaining payments he would have received
through May 31, 2006. For example, if the merger closes on
May 31, 2005, Mr. Pulitzer would receive a cash
termination payment of $700,000.
Supplemental Executive Benefit Pension Plan
Our supplemental executive benefit pension plan (the
“supplemental pension plan”), which has been in
existence since 1986, provides a retirement pension to
designated management and other key employees. All of our
executive officers participate in the supplemental pension plan
and three of our directors,
Messrs. Pulitzer, Elkins and Ridgway, currently receive
retirement pensions under the supplemental pension plan. The
merger agreement provides that, before the merger, we will
“freeze” accruals under the supplemental pension plan
and convert it into an individual account plan. A bookkeeping
account will be set up in the name of each participant and will
be credited with (i) an amount representing the present
value of the participant’s earned retirement pension
benefit under the supplemental pension plan and
(ii) periodic interest at a fixed annual rate of 5.75%. The
supplemental pension plan, as amended, will be liquidated on or
about May 1, 2008 or upon an earlier change in control
transaction, at which time each participant will be entitled to
receive a lump sum cash payment equal to the balance in his or
her account. Retired participants will continue to receive their
quarterly supplemental pension plan payments (charged against
their plan accounts) until the liquidation of the supplemental
pension plan. The total value of the supplemental pension plan
benefits earned by active and retired participants as of
May 1, 2005 (the date as of which the individual accounts
will be established) is estimated to be approximately
$17,763,838. This amount is allocated among each of our
participating executive officers and directors and other
participants as a group, as shown in the following table.
Entitled to accelerated vesting. All other participating
executive officers and directors were previously fully vested in
their supplemental pension plan benefits.
Executive Transition Plan
Our executive officers and other designated key employees
participate in our executive transition plan, which was adopted
in September 2001. Under the executive transition plan and
related agreements, participants receive certain severance
protection and other payments and benefits if, in contemplation
of or within two years after a change in control (which, for
this purpose, includes the merger), the participant’s
employment is terminated by us or a successor company without
“cause” or by the participant for “good
reason.” In general, the severance protection for our
executive officers would include:
•
a single sum severance payment equal to a multiple (3 in the
case of Mr. Woodworth, 2 in the cases of
Messrs. Egger, Kraner and Silverglat and 1.5 in the cases
of Messrs. Holt, Maloney and Pallares) of annual salary
plus bonus;
•
continuing group health coverage for the number of years covered
by the severance multiple; and
•
enhanced benefits under our supplemental pension plan.
The value of the enhanced supplemental pension plan benefit to
be provided to a participant under the executive transition plan
whose employment is terminated, together with interest at an
annual rate of 5.75%, will be credited to the participant’s
supplemental pension plan account as of the date of the
termination of the participant’s employment. The amount of
the potential credits for our executive officers
as of May 1, 2005 is estimated to be approximately $0 for
Mr. Contreras, $83,380 for Mr. Egger, $18,914 for
Mr. Holt, $39,449 for Mr. Kraner, $0 for
Mr. Maloney, $19,600 for Mr. Pallares, $147,551 for
Mr. Silverglat and $1,233,236 for Mr. Woodworth. Each
of Messrs. Woodworth and Egger is entitled to voluntarily
terminate his employment during the thirteenth month following
the merger and still receive severance protection. In the event
of such voluntary termination, Mr. Woodworth’s
severance multiple would be reduced to two (from three) years
and Mr. Egger’s severance multiple would be reduced to
one year (from two years), and neither of them would be entitled
to additional health plan participation and supplemental pension
plan enhancements. With the exception of Messrs. Woodworth
and Egger, executive transition plan participants’ payments
and benefits will be reduced if and to the extent necessary to
avoid imposition of an excise tax under Section 4999 of the
Internal Revenue Code. Messrs. Woodworth and Egger will be
entitled to additional cash payments sufficient to make them
whole if they are required to pay excise tax under
Section 4999 of the Code in connection with payments and
benefits deemed contingent upon the merger. The projected
maximum amounts of such additional cash payments for
Messrs. Woodworth and Egger are approximately
$3.8 million and $0.9 million, respectively, assuming
their employment is terminated. In order to avoid duplication,
each participant’s entitlement under the executive
transition plan will be offset by any corresponding entitlements
under the participant’s employment agreement, if any.
Certain Other Arrangements
On December 10, 2004, Pulitzer entered into a letter
agreement with Mark G. Contreras, a then senior vice president
of Pulitzer, relating to certain aspects of the termination of
his employment with Pulitzer. The agreement (i) recognized
that Mr. Contreras’ employment and all officer and
director positions with Pulitzer would terminate on
January 3, 2005, (ii) contains restrictions on
Mr. Contreras’ use or disclosure of confidential
information and on the hiring, prior to October 1, 2005, of
any employee of Pulitzer, and (iii) provides for a cash
payment to Mr. Contreras of $300,000 payable in two
installments: one promptly after January 3, 2005, which
payment has been made, and one promptly after October 1,2005.
The merger agreement provides for outplacement services for up
to ten non-bargaining unit employees of Pulitzer whose
employment is terminated in conjunction with the merger. The
individuals, if any, who may receive these outplacement services
are to be determined by a person selected by a committee
consisting of three members of our board (the “designation
committee”). Our board has not yet appointed the members of
the designation committee. Accordingly, the criteria for
designating which non-bargaining unit employees, if any, may
receive these outplacement services, including whether any
executive officer of Pulitzer might qualify to receive
outplacement services, have not yet been determined.
Indemnification and Insurance
After completion of the merger, Lee and the surviving
corporation will indemnify and hold harmless all of our past and
present officers, directors, employees and agents to the fullest
extent permitted by Delaware law, including paying in advance
expenses incurred in defending any lawsuit or action.
Lee or the surviving corporation will also maintain, for at
least six years after completion of the merger, directors’
and officers’ liability insurance policies comparable to
those maintained by us on January 29, 2005, although the
surviving corporation will not be required to spend in any year
more than 300% of the annual premiums paid during the
immediately preceding year. If the annual premiums exceed 300%
of the annual premiums paid during the immediately preceding
year, the surviving corporation is required to obtain a policy
or policies with the greatest coverage available for a cost not
exceeding that amount.
Future Employment Arrangements
Subsequent to the announcement of the merger agreement, certain
of our executive officers have held (or are expected to have)
discussions with Lee regarding future employment by Lee or one
of its
subsidiaries (including the surviving corporation) following the
effective date of the merger. Some members of our existing
management may be employed by Lee or its subsidiaries (including
the surviving corporation) after the merger is completed, which
means that certain members of our existing management may, after
the completion of the merger, enter into new arrangements with
Lee or its subsidiaries regarding employment with, or the right
to purchase and participate in the equity of, Lee.
Fees to Advisors
William Bush, a director of Pulitzer, is a partner in
Fulbright & Jaworski L.L.P., the law firm that Pulitzer
has engaged in connection with the merger. This law firm’s
fees in connection with the merger are expected to total up to
approximately $3.0 million, which includes a success bonus
equal to 25% of its fees for time spent by its personnel in the
representation of Pulitzer relating to the merger, subject to
the completion of the merger.
James M. Snowden, Jr., a director of Pulitzer, is an
executive officer of Huntleigh Securities Corporation, a
financial advisory services firm that Pulitzer has engaged in
connection with the merger. This financial advisory services
firm’s fees in connection with the merger are expected to
total approximately $0.5 million, subject to the completion
of the merger.
Opinion of our Financial Advisor
Goldman Sachs delivered an oral opinion to Pulitzer’s board
of directors, subsequently confirmed in writing, to the effect
that, as of January 29, 2005, and based upon and subject to
the factors and assumptions set forth in the opinion, the
$64.00 per share in cash to be received by the holders of
the outstanding shares of Pulitzer common stock and Pulitzer
Class B common stock, taken in the aggregate, pursuant to
the merger agreement is fair from a financial point of view to
those holders. Goldman Sachs’ opinion speaks only as of
January 29, 2005, and does not, and is not intended to,
address the fairness of the consideration to be received by
Pulitzer stockholders in the merger as of any other date.
The full text of the written opinion of Goldman Sachs, dated
January 29, 2005, which sets forth the assumptions made,
procedures followed, matters considered, and limitations on the
review undertaken in connection with the opinion, is attached to
this proxy statement as Annex B. Goldman Sachs provided its
opinion for the information and assistance of Pulitzer’s
board of directors in connection with its consideration of the
merger. Goldman Sachs’ opinion is not a recommendation as
to how any holder of Pulitzer common stock or Pulitzer
Class B common stock should vote with respect to the
merger. The opinion should be read in its entirety.
In connection with rendering the opinion described above and
performing its related financial analyses, Goldman Sachs
reviewed, among other things:
•
the merger agreement;
•
annual reports to stockholders and annual reports on
Form 10-K of Pulitzer for the four fiscal years ended
December 28, 2003, and annual reports to stockholders and
annual reports on Form 10-K of Lee for the five fiscal
years ended September 30, 2004;
•
certain interim reports to stockholders and quarterly reports on
Form 10-Q of Pulitzer and Lee;
•
certain other communications from Pulitzer to its
stockholders; and
•
internal financial analyses and forecasts for Pulitzer prepared
by its management.
Goldman Sachs also held discussions with members of the senior
management of Pulitzer regarding their assessment of the
strategic rationale for, and the potential benefits of, the
merger, and the past and current business operations, financial
condition and future prospects of Pulitzer.
reviewed the reported price and trading activity for Pulitzer
common stock;
•
compared certain financial and stock market information for
Pulitzer with similar financial and stock market information for
certain other companies the securities of which are publicly
traded;
•
reviewed the financial terms of certain recent business
combinations in the newspaper industry specifically, and other
industries generally; and
•
performed such other studies and analyses, and considered such
other factors, as Goldman Sachs considered appropriate.
Goldman Sachs relied upon the accuracy and completeness of all
of the financial, accounting, legal, tax and other information
discussed with or reviewed by it and assumed such accuracy and
completeness for purposes of rendering its opinion. In that
regard, Goldman Sachs assumed, with the consent of
Pulitzer’s board of directors, that the internal financial
forecasts prepared by the management of Pulitzer were reasonably
prepared on a basis reflecting the best currently available
estimates and judgments of Pulitzer. In addition, Goldman Sachs
did not make an independent evaluation or appraisal of the
assets and liabilities (including any contingent, derivative or
off-balance-sheet assets and liabilities) of Pulitzer or any of
its subsidiaries, and Goldman Sachs was not furnished with any
such evaluation or appraisal. Goldman Sachs’ opinion does
not address the underlying business decision of Pulitzer to
engage in the merger.
The following is a summary of the material financial analyses
presented by Goldman Sachs to Pulitzer’s board of directors
in connection with rendering its opinion. The following summary,
however, does not purport to be a complete description of the
financial analyses performed by Goldman Sachs. The order of
analyses described does not represent the relative importance or
weight given to those analyses by Goldman Sachs. Some of the
summaries of the financial analyses include information
presented in tabular format. The tables must be read together
with the full text of each summary and are alone not a complete
description of Goldman Sachs’ financial analyses. Except as
otherwise noted, the following quantitative information, to the
extent that it is based on market data, is based on market data
as it existed on or before January 27, 2005, and is not
necessarily indicative of current market conditions.
Historical Premium Analysis
Goldman Sachs calculated the implied premiums represented by the
$64.00 per share purchase price to be received by the
holders of Pulitzer common stock and Pulitzer Class B
common stock pursuant to the merger agreement based on the
following closing prices for Pulitzer common stock on, or for
the specified period ended, January 27, 2005, the latest
practicable trading day before Goldman Sachs made its
presentation of its financial analyses to Pulitzer’s board
of directors:
Goldman Sachs also calculated the implied premiums represented
by the $64.00 per share purchase price to be received by
the holders of Pulitzer common stock and Pulitzer Class B
common stock pursuant to the merger agreement based on the
following closing prices for Pulitzer common stock for the
specified periods ended November 19, 2004, the last trading
day before Pulitzer first publicly announced that it was engaged
in the process of exploring a range of strategic alternatives,
including a possible sale of Pulitzer:
•
the 52-week high, average and low closing prices;
•
the three-year high, average and low closing prices; and
•
the three-month average and six-month average closing prices.
The results of Goldman Sachs’ calculations are reflected
below:
Closing Stock Price or
Average of Closing Prices
over Specified Period
Implied Premium
52-week high
$
56.11
14.1
%
52-week average
$
50.40
27.0
%
52-week low
$
44.00
45.5
%
Three-year high
$
56.11
14.1
%
Three-year average
$
48.92
30.8
%
Three-year low
$
40.93
56.4
%
Three-month average
$
50.80
26.0
%
Six-month average
$
48.93
30.8
%
Pulitzer Indexed Stock Price Performance
Goldman Sachs reviewed the average of the closing prices of
•
the common stock of Pulitzer;
•
the performance of an index composed of the common stock of
certain newspaper publishers with large equity market
capitalizations relative to the publicly traded companies in the
newspaper publishing industry, or the Large Cap Newspaper
Publishers Index;
•
the performance of an index composed of the common stock of
certain newspaper publishers with equity market capitalizations
that are approximately mid-range in size among publicly traded
newspaper publishers, or the Mid Cap Newspaper Publishers
Index; and
•
the performance of the S&P 500 Index over the latest twelve
months, prior to November 19, 2004 (the last trading day
before Pulitzer first publicly announced that it was engaged in
the process of exploring a range of strategic alternatives,
including a possible sale of Pulitzer), without adjustment for
any dividends declared or paid by the relevant companies.
The companies composing each of the Large Cap Newspaper
Publishers Index and the Mid Cap Newspaper Publishers Index are
identified below in the section entitled “Comparison of
Selected Newspaper Publishers.” During the last twelve
months prior to November 19, 2004, the closing prices of
the common stock of Pulitzer and the S&P 500 Index increased
by 5.0% and 12.3%, respectively, while the Large Cap Newspaper
Publishers Index decreased by 1.2% and the Mid Cap Newspaper
Publishers Index decreased by 2.3%.
Comparison
of Selected Newspaper Publishers
Goldman Sachs compared selected publicly available financial
information, ratios and multiples for Pulitzer and the following
selected publicly traded newspaper publishers, certain of which
companies were designated “Large Cap” publishers due
to their large equity market capitalizations relative to the
publicly traded companies in the newspaper publishing industry,
and others of which were designated “Mid Cap”
publishers because their equity market capitalizations are
approximately mid-range in size among publicly traded newspaper
publishers:
Large
Cap Publishers
•
Gannett Co., Inc.
•
Knight-Ridder, Inc.
•
The New York Times Company
•
Tribune Company
•
The E.W. Scripps Company
•
The Washington Post Company
Mid
Cap Publishers
•
Belo Corp.
•
Dow Jones & Company, Inc.
•
Journal Communications, Inc.
•
Journal Register Company
•
Lee Enterprises, Incorporated
•
The McClatchy Company
•
Media General, Inc.
Although none of the selected companies is directly comparable
to Pulitzer, the companies included were chosen because they are
publicly traded companies with operations that for purposes of
analysis may be considered similar to Pulitzer.
Goldman Sachs calculated and compared various public market
multiples and ratios of the selected companies based on
information it obtained from SEC filings and median estimates
provided by the Institutional Brokerage Estimate System, or IBES
(a data service that compiles estimates issued by securities
analysts). The multiples and ratios of the selected companies
that were computed using estimates of 2005 and 2006 financial
performance, including projected revenues, earnings before
interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (commonly known
as EBITDA), earnings before interest and taxes (commonly known
as EBIT), net income and earnings per share, were based on IBES
estimates of such metrics. The multiples and ratios of Pulitzer
that were computed using estimates of 2005 and 2006 financial
performance, including projected revenues, EBITDA, EBIT, net
income and earnings per share, were based on management-provided
information, which in the case of EBITDA and EBIT was adjusted
to exclude certain non-recurring items and certain recurring
items, including net gain on marketable
securities, net loss on investments, net other income and
minority interest in net earnings of subsidiaries. The multiples
and ratios of Pulitzer and of the selected companies were
calculated using public trading market closing prices on
January 27, 2005, and, in the case of Pulitzer, using the
$64.00 per share to be received by holders of Pulitzer
common stock and Pulitzer Class B common stock. With
respect to Pulitzer and the selected companies, Goldman Sachs
calculated:
•
the enterprise value, which is the value of common equity,
calculated using the per share price and fully diluted shares
outstanding based on each company’s latest publicly
available information, plus book value of net debt, which is
total debt less cash and cash equivalents, plus book value of
minority interest, as a multiple of last twelve months EBITDA
and estimated 2005 and 2006 EBITDA;
•
the ratio of the price per share to the estimated 2005 and 2006
earnings per share, or P/E multiple;
•
the ratio of the estimated 2006 P/E multiple to the five-year
earnings per share estimated compound annual growth rate (or
CAGR);
•
last twelve months EBITDA and EBIT margins, calculated by
dividing each company’s last twelve months EBITDA and EBIT
by its last twelve months revenues; and
Historical financial results utilized by Goldman Sachs for
purposes of this analysis were based upon information contained
in the applicable company’s latest publicly available
financial statements prior to January 27, 2005. The last
twelve months period for this analysis refers to the latest
twelve-month period from the most recent publicly available
information for Pulitzer and the selected companies as of
January 27, 2005. Pulitzer’s last twelve months EBITDA
and EBIT margins include proportional revenues and operating
income from Pulitzer’s Tucson operations, which operations
are 50% owned by each of Pulitzer and Gannett and jointly
operated pursuant to an agency agreement. Pulitzer, however,
accounts for Tucson under the equity method for financial
reporting purposes. Pulitzer’s last twelve months EBITDA
and EBIT are based on management-provided information, adjusted
to exclude certain non-recurring items and certain recurring
items, including net gain on marketable securities, net loss on
investments, net other income and minority interest in net
earnings of subsidiaries. As so adjusted, Pulitzer’s last
twelve months EBITDA and EBIT equal Base 2004 EBITDA and EBIT as
set forth in the Projected Summary Consolidated Income Statement
table below under “— Financial Projections”
beginning on page 37.
Estimates of future results used by Goldman Sachs in this
analysis, for the selected companies, were based on median
estimates provided by IBES and calendarized to year-end
December 31, and for Pulitzer, were based on median
estimates provided by IBES calendarized to year-end
December 31 and estimates by Pulitzer management.
Goldman Sachs reviewed available information for the following
announced merger or acquisition transactions in the
U.S. involving companies in the newspaper publishing
industry. These transactions (listed by acquirer/target and
month and year announced) included:
•
The New York Times Company/Metro USA (January 2005)
•
Spire Capital Partners & Wachovia Capital Partners/
American Community Newspapers (December 2004)
•
Journal Register/21st Century Newspapers (July 2004)
New York Times Company/Worcester Telegram & Gazette
(October 1999)
•
Pulitzer Inc./Chronicle Publishing (October 1999)
•
Evercore Capital Partners/American Media (February 1999)
•
Hearst Corp./Chronicle Publishing (December 1998)
•
Community Newspaper Holdings/Hollinger International (December
1998)
•
Seattle Times (Blethen)/Guy Gannett Communications (September
1998)
•
Gannett Co./Goodson Newspaper (May 1998)
•
Journal Register Co./Goodson Newspaper (May 1998)
•
McClatchy/Cowles Media Company (November 1997)
•
Knight-Ridder/Disney (April 1997)
Goldman Sachs calculated and compared the levered value,
reflecting each of the selected companies’ newspaper and
broadcast assets, as a multiple of the target’s publicly
reported last twelve months revenues and last twelve months
EBITDA prior to announcement of the applicable transaction. For
purposes of this analysis, the levered value of each target was
calculated by multiplying the announced per-share transaction
price by the number of that company’s fully diluted
outstanding shares as disclosed in the company’s most
recent filings prior to the applicable transaction and adding to
that result the book value of the company’s net debt and
the book value of the company’s minority interest as
disclosed in the company’s most recent filings prior to the
announcement of the applicable transaction. The following table
shows the mean, median, high and low last twelve months revenues
and EBITDA multiples resulting from this calculation:
Goldman Sachs performed a discounted cash flow analysis with
respect to the Pulitzer common stock. All cash flows were
discounted back to December 31, 2004. Forecasted financial
information used in this analysis was based on projections
provided by the management of Pulitzer. Goldman Sachs used a
discount rate ranging from 8% to 10%, reflecting estimates of
the weighted average cost of capital of Pulitzer, forecasts of
Pulitzer’s EBITDA through December 31, 2008, provided
by Pulitzer’s management, and illustrative terminal values
based on normalized terminal cash flows in conducting its
analysis. The analysis was based on growth perpetuity rates
ranging from 1.0% to 3.0%. This analysis resulted in implied
enterprise value indications for Pulitzer ranging from
approximately $1.05 billion to $1.80 billion and
implied present value indications ranging from $46.08 to
$79.30 per share of Pulitzer common stock. Using the same
forecast, discount rates and growth rates, Goldman Sachs also
calculated implied terminal EBITDA multiples ranging from 6.7x
to 12.4x and implied terminal value indications expressed as a
percentage of enterprise values ranging from 71.9% to 83.1%.
Leveraged Buyout Analysis
Goldman Sachs performed an analysis of the implied equity
returns that could theoretically be realized if Pulitzer were
(i) acquired as of December 31, 2004, in a leveraged
buyout at a price per share of Pulitzer common stock of $58.00,
$60.00 or $62.00 and (ii) resold by the acquirer on
December 31, 2009, based on exit multiples of Pulitzer
management’s estimated EBITDA ranging from 9.0x to 13.0x.
In performing this analysis, Goldman Sachs also assumed that
equity investors in a leveraged buyout of Pulitzer would incur
total transaction costs of approximately $50 million,
financing fees between approximately $21 and $24 million,
depending upon the aggregate borrowings in connection with the
transaction, and existing indebtedness breakage costs of
approximately $51 million in connection with an acquisition
of Pulitzer and would be required to grant 5% of the equity in
the acquired company to its management and employees. Goldman
Sachs also assumed aggregate borrowings of 7.5x, 8.0x or 8.5x of
Pulitzer management’s estimated EBITDA for the last twelve
months prior to December 31, 2004, subject to the
adjustments described above. Although Goldman Sachs did not
perform an analysis of the range of equity returns that could
theoretically be realized if Pulitzer were acquired in a
leveraged buyout transaction at $64.00 per share, the
equity returns at such a purchase price would be correspondingly
lower than the returns set forth in the tables below for other
purchase prices. The following tables show the range of equity
returns at each theoretical purchase price used in Goldman
Sachs’ analysis:
58.00 Purchase Price
60.00 Purchase Price
$ Per Share
$ Per Share
Exit
Exit
EBITDA
EBITDA
Multiple
Leverage Multiple
Multiple
Leverage Multiple
7.5
x
8.0
x
8.5
x
7.5
x
8.0
x
8.5x
9.0
x
8.6
%
8.9
%
9.3
%
9.0x
7.1
%
7.3
%
7.5
%
13.0
x
19.8
%
20.8
%
22.0
%
13.0x
18.2
%
19.0
%
20.0
%
62.00 Purchase Price
$ Per Share
Exit
EBITDA
Multiple
Leverage Multiple
7.5
x
8.0
x
8.5
x
9.0
x
5.7
%
5.8
%
5.9
%
13.0
x
16.7
%
17.4
%
18.2
%
The preparation of a fairness opinion is a complex process and
is not necessarily susceptible to partial analysis or summary
description. Selecting portions of the analyses or of the
summary set forth above, without considering the analyses as a
whole, could create an incomplete view of the processes
underlying Goldman Sachs’ opinion. In arriving at its
fairness determination, Goldman Sachs considered the results of
all the analyses and did not attribute any particular weight to
any factor or analysis considered by it. Rather, Goldman Sachs
made its determination as to fairness on the basis of its
experience and professional judgment after considering the
results of all the analyses. No company or transaction used in
the above analyses as a comparison is directly comparable to
Pulitzer or the merger.
Goldman Sachs prepared these analyses for purposes of Goldman
Sachs’ providing its opinion to Pulitzer’s board of
directors as to the fairness of the $64.00 per share in
cash to be received by the holders of the outstanding shares of
Pulitzer common stock and Pulitzer Class B common stock,
taken in the aggregate, pursuant to the merger agreement. These
analyses do not purport to be appraisals nor do they necessarily
reflect the prices at which businesses or securities actually
may be sold. Analyses based upon forecasts of future results are
not necessarily indicative of actual future results, which may
be significantly more or less favorable than suggested by these
analyses. Because these analyses are inherently subject to
uncertainty, being based upon numerous factors or events beyond
the control of the parties or their respective advisors, none of
Pulitzer, Goldman Sachs or any other person assumes
responsibility if future results are materially different from
those forecast. As described above, Goldman Sachs’ opinion
to Pulitzer’s board of directors was one of many factors
taken into consideration by Pulitzer’s board of directors
in making its determination to adopt the merger agreement. See
“The Merger — Reasons For the Merger”
beginning on page 22.
Goldman Sachs and its affiliates, as part of their investment
banking business, are continually engaged in performing
financial analyses with respect to businesses and their
securities in connection with mergers and acquisitions,
negotiated underwritings, competitive biddings, secondary
distributions of listed and unlisted securities, private
placements and other transactions as well as for estate,
corporate and other purposes. Goldman Sachs has acted as
financial advisor to Pulitzer in connection with, and has
participated in certain of the negotiations leading to, the
proposed merger.
Goldman Sachs also has provided certain investment banking
services to Pulitzer from time to time, including having acted
as financial advisor in connection with Pulitzer’s
establishment of a partnership with The Herald Company, Inc. in
May 2000. In addition, Goldman Sachs has previously entered into
interest rate swap transactions with Pulitzer from time to time.
Further, Goldman Sachs may provide investment banking services
to Pulitzer and Lee in the future. In connection with the
above-described investment banking services, Goldman Sachs has
received, and may receive, compensation.
Pulitzer selected Goldman Sachs as its financial advisor because
it is an internationally recognized investment banking firm that
has substantial experience in transactions similar to the
merger. Pursuant to a letter agreement, dated October 6,2004, Pulitzer engaged Goldman Sachs to act as its financial
advisor in connection with the exploration of possible strategic
alternatives, including the possible merger or sale of all or a
portion of Pulitzer. Pursuant to the terms of this letter
agreement, Pulitzer paid Goldman Sachs a fee of $250,000 in cash
upon execution of the letter agreement, and Goldman Sachs is
entitled to receive a transaction fee of 1.0625% (estimated at
approximately $15.3 million as of February 25, 2005)
of the aggregate consideration paid to holders of
Pulitzer’s equity securities in the transaction (including
amounts paid to holders of options, warrants and convertible
securities). The entire transaction fee is subject to and
payable only upon the completion of the merger. Pulitzer has
also agreed to reimburse Goldman Sachs for its reasonable
expenses, including attorneys’ fees and disbursements, and
to indemnify Goldman Sachs against various liabilities,
including certain liabilities under the federal securities laws.
Financial Projections
In connection with their due diligence regarding the proposed
merger, we provided Lee and certain other parties with
non-public business and financial information, including our
internal projections of our future operating performance, based
on a number of assumptions. In connection with the discussions
concerning the merger, Pulitzer also furnished this information
to Goldman Sachs together with certain other financial forecasts
prepared by Pulitzer’s management that Goldman Sachs used
in connection with its financial analyses described above under
“— Opinion of our Financial Advisor”
beginning on page 29. This information, including our
internal projections of future operating performance, was not
developed for
public disclosure. The projections were prepared only to reflect
management’s view, as of the date of the projections, of
certain financial information, including our results of
operations, through December 31, 2008. None of Pulitzer,
our board of directors or Goldman Sachs assumes any
responsibility for the reasonableness, completeness, accuracy or
reliability of the projections.
We have included a summary of those projections in this proxy
statement because we made those projections available to Lee and
certain other parties in connection with their due diligence
investigation of Pulitzer, and to Goldman Sachs in connection
with its role as financial advisor to Pulitzer and its opinion
described in “— Opinion of our Financial
Advisor” beginning on page 29.
The inclusion of a summary of the projections should not be
interpreted as suggesting that Lee relied on the projections in
evaluating the merger. Although the summary is presented with
numerical specificity, the projections were not prepared in the
ordinary course and are based upon a variety of estimates and
hypothetical assumptions made by our management that our
management believed were reasonable for the purposes at the time
the projections were prepared. The projections involve risks and
are based upon a variety of assumptions relating to our
business, industry performance, general business, economic,
market and financial conditions and other matters and are
subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies, many of
which are difficult to predict and beyond the control of
Pulitzer’s management, which may cause the projections or
the underlying assumptions to be inaccurate.
The summary of the projections included below contains
forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and
uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ
materially from those shown below and should be read with
caution. Projections of this nature are inherently imprecise,
and actual results may be materially greater or less than those
contained in the projections. Accordingly, Pulitzer cannot offer
any assurance that the assumptions made in preparing the
projections will prove accurate. The projections are subjective
in many respects and thus susceptible to interpretations and
periodic revisions based on actual experience and developments
occurring since the date the projections were prepared. For
these reasons, as well as the bases and assumptions on which the
projections were compiled, the inclusion of a summary of the
projections in this proxy statement should not be relied upon as
an indication that the projections will be an accurate
prediction of future results, and you are cautioned not to place
undue reliance on the prospective financial information.
The projections were not prepared with a view to public
disclosure or compliance with published guidelines of the SEC or
the guidelines established by the American Institute of
Certified Public Accountants regarding projections and
forecasts. The projections were not intended to be a forecast of
financial results and are not guarantees of performance. The
projections do not purport to present operations in accordance
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States, and our independent registered public accounting firm
has not examined or compiled the projections. Accordingly, our
independent registered public accounting firm does not express
an opinion or any other form of assurance with respect to the
projections or the summary below.
No one has made, or makes, any representation regarding the
information contained in the projections and, except as may be
required by applicable securities laws, we do not intend to
update or otherwise revise the projections to reflect
circumstances existing after the date when they were made or to
reflect the occurrence of future events even in the event that
any or all of the assumptions underlying the projections are
shown to be in error. See “Cautionary Statement Concerning
Forward-Looking Information” beginning on page 10.
Due to the volatility of the industry and since the prospective
financial information provided in this proxy statement is in
summary format, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on
this information in making a decision whether to vote in favor
of or against adoption of the merger agreement.
The projections should be read together with our financial
statements that can be obtained from the SEC, as described in
“Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on
page 68.
PROJECTED SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT(1)(2)
Fiscal Year
Base(5)
2004A
2004A
2005E(6)
2006E(6)
2007E(6)
2008E(6)
Revenues
$
499.5
$
499.5
$
531.2
$
555.8
$
583.6
$
610.7
EBITDA(3)
$
105.3
$
111.2
$
119.8
$
136.6
$
151.2
$
164.7
EBIT(4)
$
85.1
$
91.0
$
100.0
$
115.0
$
128.9
$
141.7
Net Income
$
44.1
$
47.8
$
53.6
$
61.9
$
71.5
$
81.7
EPS
$
2.02
$
2.18
$
2.44
$
2.78
$
3.18
$
3.55
A = Actual
E = Estimated
(1)
The summary projections set forth in this table were not
prepared and are not presented in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
These summary projections do not contain the breadth of
disclosure mandated by accounting principles generally accepted
in the United States of America as necessary for a full
understanding of Pulitzer’s operating results and cash
flows.
(2)
These summary projections include the effect of adding
Pulitzer’s 50% share of the operations of the Tucson
newspaper partnership to revenues. Pulitzer’s determination
of revenues, EBITDA and EBIT incorporates all of the related
amounts from those entities (St. Louis Post-Dispatch LLC
and STL Distribution Services LLC) in which The Herald Company,
Inc. has a 5% interest in the results of their operations.
(3)
EBITDA represents operating income plus depreciation and
amortization.
(4)
EBIT represents earnings before interest and taxes. EBIT
excludes certain non-recurring items and certain recurring
items, including net gain on marketable securities, net loss on
investments, net other income and minority interest in net
earnings of subsidiaries. In this context, EBIT equals operating
income.
(5)
Pulitzer’s calculation of Base Revenues, Base EBITDA,
Base EBIT, Base Net Income and Base EPS for 2004 excludes gains
and losses related to certain non-operating investments that are
not a strategic component of Pulitzer’s capital structure
or operating plans (principally, investments in new media
companies and partnerships making similar investments),
employment termination inducements associated with positions
that will not be staffed, and certain non-recurring items
consisting of: (a) expenses related to the clarification of
certain circulation distribution contract issues, including
litigation settlement; (b) expenses incurred in conjunction
with the exploration of a range of strategic alternatives to
enhance shareholder value, including the possible sale of
Pulitzer; and (c) interest expense associated with a
tentative settlement of pending IRS matters.
(6)
We gave no recognition to employee stock compensation costs
associated with employee stock options and employee stock
purchase plans, which treatment is not in accordance with FASB
Statement No. 123R.
Financing For the Merger
In order for Lee to acquire Pulitzer in exchange for a cash
purchase price of $64.00 per share, Lee will pay Pulitzer
stockholders approximately $1.45 billion in the aggregate.
Lee has informed us that the total amount of funds required to
complete the merger and related transactions, including
repayment of Lee’s existing senior credit facility and
senior notes and payment of related fees and expenses, will be
approximately $1.65 billion. Lee may elect not to repay the
senior notes as long as certain conditions are met.
Lee expects this amount to be provided through a combination of
unrestricted cash on hand of both Lee and Pulitzer and the
proceeds of a $1.55 billion fully committed bank loan,
which is described below under “— Senior Secured
Financing.”
Lee entered into a senior secured financing commitment letter,
dated January 29, 2005 (the “commitment letter”),
with Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (“Deutsche Bank
Americas”), Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. (“Deutsche
Bank Securities”), SunTrust Bank (“SunTrust”) and
SunTrust Capital Markets, Inc. (“SunTrust Capital,”
and, together with Deutsche Bank Americas and Deutsche Bank
Securities, referred to collectively as “lending
agents”). Pursuant to the terms of the commitment letter,
Deutsche Bank Americas and SunTrust each agrees to commit, on a
several basis, 50% of the principal amount of the senior secured
financing. Their commitments to the senior secured financing,
when combined with cash on hand, are in amounts sufficient to
complete the merger and related transactions,
repay Lee’s existing senior credit facility and senior
notes, if such notes are, in fact, repaid, and pay related fees
and expenses. These commitments are subject to conditions,
including the conditions set forth below under
“— Commitment Letter Conditions.” Deutsche
Bank Americas is sometimes referred to as the
“administrative agent.”
The commitment letter was filed as an exhibit to Lee’s
current report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on
February 3, 2005, and you are encouraged to read the
commitment letter for a complete description of Deutsche Bank
Americas’ and SunTrust’s several commitments to
provide financing for the merger.
The merger is not conditioned upon Lee’s obtaining the
financing described in the commitment letter or any financing.
Senior
Secured Financing
Under the commitment letter, Deutsche Bank Americas and SunTrust
have committed to provide Lee senior secured financing in an
aggregate principal amount of $1.55 billion consisting of:
•
a $800 million term loan facility (“A term
facility”),
•
a $300 million term loan facility (“B term
facility”), and
•
a $450 million revolving credit facility (“revolving
credit facility” and, together with the A term facility and
B term facility, referred to collectively as “senior
secured financing”).
The senior secured financing is subject to the satisfaction or
waiver of the conditions specified in the commitment letter,
including those described below under
“— Commitment Letter Conditions.”
Certain current direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of
Lee (each, a “guarantor”) will provide an
unconditional guaranty of all amounts and other obligations owed
under the senior secured financing. Amounts owed to lending
agents will be secured by a first priority security interest in
the stock and other equity interests owned by Lee and each
guarantor in their respective subsidiaries. No such guaranty
will be required of any direct or indirect subsidiary if, by
giving such guaranty, the covenants of Pulitzer’s existing
credit facility would be violated, or, with respect to direct
and indirect non-U.S. subsidiaries, if the giving of such
guaranty would have adverse tax consequences.
Commitment Letter Conditions
Negotiation of Definitive Agreements
The respective commitments of the lending agents and each member
of the syndicate of lenders in connection with the senior
secured financing are subject to the negotiation of definitive
financing agreements consistent with the terms of the commitment
letter, in a form satisfactory to the administrative agent and
each member of the syndicate (collectively, the
“lenders”). Also, the required guaranties and security
agreements are subject to the negotiation of definitive
financing agreements consistent with the terms of the commitment
letter in a form satisfactory to the lending agents.
General Conditions
The lending agents’ commitments are subject to the other
conditions set forth in the commitment letter, including the
conditions that:
•
there shall not have occurred any change, effect, event or state
of facts (or any development that has had, or could reasonably
be expected to have, any change or effect) that is, individually
or in the aggregate, or could reasonably be expected to be,
materially adverse to the business, property, assets,
liabilities, financial condition or results of operations of
Pulitzer and its subsidiaries taken as
a whole since December 28, 2003 (other than as, and to the
extent, expressly disclosed in Pulitzer’s SEC filings prior
to January 29, 2005), which would, individually or in the
aggregate:
•
prevent or materially delay the consummation of the transactions
contemplated by the commitment letter and the merger agreement
(collectively, the “transaction”); or
•
be materially adverse to the rights or remedies of the lenders
under the commitment letter (each, a “material adverse
effect”),
subject to seven enumerated exceptions to the occurrence of a
material adverse effect set forth in the commitment letter.
•
no lending agent becoming aware of any information not
previously known to such lending agent which such lending agent
shall determine has had or could reasonably be expected to have,
a material adverse effect, or that is inconsistent, in a
material and adverse manner, with any such information or other
matter disclosed to such lending agent prior to January 29,2005.
•
each lending agent shall be reasonably satisfied prior to and
during the syndication of the senior secured financing that
there shall be no competing offering, placement or arrangement
of any debt securities or bank financing by or on behalf of Lee,
Pulitzer or any of their respective subsidiaries.
Conditions of A and B Term Facilities
In addition, the lending agents’ commitments under the
commitment letter with respect to the A term facility and B term
facility are subject to pre-conditions that are usual and
customary for these types of facilities, and such additional
pre-conditions as the lending agents shall deem appropriate in
the context of the proposed transaction, including the following
conditions:
•
The structure, terms and documentation of each component of the
transaction shall be reasonably satisfactory to the lending
agents and the lenders holding commitments and/or outstanding
credit advances, including unpaid interest and fees,
representing more than 50% of the aggregate of those commitments
and outstanding advances with respect to any of the facilities
under the commitment letter (collectively, the “required
lenders”), and the documentation for the transaction shall
be in full force and effect.
•
All material pre-conditions to the consummation of the
transaction shall have been satisfied and not waived except with
the consent of the lending agents and the required lenders, to
the reasonable satisfaction of the lending agents and the
required lenders. Each component of the transaction shall have
been consummated in accordance with the related documentation
and all applicable laws.
•
All obligations of Lee and its subsidiaries with respect to
Lee’s existing senior credit facility and senior notes
shall have been paid in full, and all related commitments,
security interests and guaranties shall have been terminated and
released, all to the reasonable satisfaction of the lending
agents. However, Lee may, with the consent of the lending
agents, elect not to repay the existing senior credit facility
so long as:
•
the terms of the existing senior credit facility are amended on
a basis satisfactory to the lending agents;
•
the amount of the A term facility is reduced by the amount that
would have been required to prepay the existing senior credit
facility; and
•
the amount of the B term facility is reduced by either the net
proceeds of an equity offering by Lee or the value of any equity
issued by Lee in connection with the merger.
•
The cash on hand of Lee and Pulitzer and cash proceeds from the
sale of certain marketable securities of Pulitzer on or before
the closing date, when added to the aggregate principal amount
of the A term loan facility and the B term loan facility
incurred on the closing date and approximately
$310.0 million (as such amount may be increased) of the
revolving credit facility
incurred on the closing date, shall be sufficient to effect the
merger and the refinancing of the existing senior credit
facility and senior notes and to pay all of the fees and
expenses incurred in connection with the transaction.
•
After giving effect to the consummation of the transaction, Lee
and its subsidiaries shall have no outstanding preferred equity,
indebtedness or contingent liabilities except for indebtedness
incurred under the senior secured financing and Pulitzer’s
existing senior notes and senior note guaranty and such other
existing indebtedness and disclosed contingent liabilities, if
any, as shall be permitted by the lending agents and the
required lenders (the “existing indebtedness”). Also,
all stock of Pulitzer shall be owned by Lee free and clear of
liens, except liens securing the senior secured financing. If
any existing indebtedness is permitted to remain outstanding
after giving effect to the transaction, all terms and conditions
thereof shall be required to be reasonably satisfactory to the
lending agents and the required lenders.
•
All necessary governmental and material third party approvals
and/or consents in connection with the transaction shall have
been obtained and remain in effect. All applicable waiting
periods shall have expired without any action being taken by any
competent authority which, in the judgment of the lending
agents, restrains, prevents, or imposes materially adverse
conditions upon, the consummation of the transaction.
Additionally, there shall not exist any judgment, order,
injunction or other restraint prohibiting or imposing materially
adverse conditions upon the transaction.
•
Since December 28, 2003, except as expressly disclosed in
Pulitzer’s SEC filings prior to January 29, 2005,
nothing shall have occurred (and no lending agent nor the
required lenders shall have become aware of any facts or
conditions not previously known) which any lending agent or the
required lenders shall determine has had, or could reasonably be
expected to have, a material adverse effect.
•
No litigation by any entity (private or governmental) shall be
pending or threatened with respect to any of the facilities
under the commitment letter, or with respect to the transaction,
or which any lending agent or the required lenders shall
determine has had, or could reasonably be expected to have, a
material adverse effect.
•
All agreements relating to, and the corporate and capital
structure of, Lee and its subsidiaries, and all organizational
documents of Lee and its subsidiaries, in each case as the same
will exist after giving effect to the consummation of the
transaction, shall be reasonably satisfactory to the lending
agents and the required lenders.
•
All loans and all other financings to Lee and related
documentation, as well as the transaction and its consummation,
shall be in compliance with all applicable requirements of law.
•
After giving effect to the transaction, the related financings
and other transactions contemplated by the commitment letter,
there shall be no conflict with, or default under, any material
agreement of Lee and its subsidiaries, including any agreements
acquired or entered into pursuant to the transaction and in
respect of existing indebtedness, subject to such exceptions as
may be agreed upon.
•
All costs, fees, expenses and other compensation contemplated by
the commitment letter payable to the lending agents and the
lenders or otherwise payable in respect of the transaction shall
have been paid to the extent due.
•
The guaranties and security agreements required under the
commitment letter shall have been executed and delivered in
form, scope and substance satisfactory to the lending agents and
the required lenders, and the lenders shall have a first
priority perfected security interest in all assets of Lee and
its subsidiaries as provided in the commitment letter.
•
Deutsche Bank Securities shall have received legal opinions from
counsel addressed to the lending agents and the lenders covering
matters reasonably acceptable to Deutsche Bank Securities.
The lenders shall have received a solvency certificate, in form
and substance reasonably satisfactory to the lending agents,
from Lee’s chief financial officer. The certificate will
set forth the conclusions that, after giving effect to the
transaction, each of Lee on a stand-alone basis and Lee and its
subsidiaries taken as a whole, is or are not insolvent and will
not be rendered insolvent by the indebtedness incurred in
connection therewith, and will not be left with unreasonably
small capital with which to engage in its or their businesses
and will not have incurred debts beyond its or their ability to
pay such debts as they mature.
•
The lending agents and the lenders shall have received and be
satisfied with:
•
Unaudited consolidated financial statements of each of Lee and
Pulitzer for each fiscal quarter of each of Lee and Pulitzer
ended on or after their respective fiscal quarters ended closest
to December 31, 2004 and at least 45 days prior to the
closing date.
•
Pro forma consolidated financial statements of Lee and its
subsidiaries (including Pulitzer and its subsidiaries) meeting
the requirements of SEC Regulation S-X for registration
statements on SEC Form S-1 (as if such a registration
statement for a debt issuance of Lee became effective on the
closing date).
•
Interim financial statements of each of Lee and Pulitzer for
each month ended after the date of the last available quarterly
financial statements and at least 30 days prior to the
closing date.
•
Detailed projected consolidated financial statements of Lee and
its subsidiaries for at least the eight fiscal years ended after
the closing date. These projections shall reflect the forecasted
consolidated financial condition of Lee and its subsidiaries
after giving effect to the transaction, and be prepared and
approved by Lee.
•
Lee and Pulitzer shall have fully cooperated in SunTrust’s
and Deutsche Bank Securities’ syndication efforts with
respect to any of the facilities under the commitment letter,
including by promptly providing them with all information
reasonably deemed necessary by them to successfully complete the
syndication.
•
The lenders shall have received evidence of insurance maintained
by Lee and its subsidiaries consistent with that of other
companies of substantially similar size and scope of operations
in the same or substantially similar businesses.
•
During the period from January 29, 2005 through the closing
date of the merger, Lee, Pulitzer and their respective
subsidiaries shall have been operated in the ordinary course and
shall not have sold any of their respective material assets
other than in the ordinary course and consistent with past
practice.
•
During the period from January 29, 2005 through the closing
date, the matters disclosed by Pulitzer under “COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES — Internal Revenue Service
Matters” in its Form 10-Q filed with the SEC for the
quarterly period ended September 26, 2004 shall not have
been settled with the Internal Revenue Service other than on the
basis specified by Pulitzer to Lee in connection with the merger
agreement. These matters relate to “old”
Pulitzer’s newspaper publishing and related new media
businesses contributed to Pulitzer Inc. in a tax-free
“spin-off” to “old” Pulitzer stockholders
and the transfer by Pulitzer and The Herald Company, Inc. of
their respective interests in the assets and operations of the
St. Louis Post-Dispatch and certain related
businesses to a new joint venture, known as PD LLC.
Conditions of A and B Term Facilities and Revolving Credit
Facility
In addition, the lending agents’ commitments under the
commitment letter with respect to the A term facility and B term
facility and revolving credit facility are subject to
pre-conditions that are usual and
customary for these types of facilities, and such additional
pre-conditions as the lending agents shall deem appropriate in
the context of the proposed transaction, including the following
conditions:
•
All representations and warranties shall be true and correct in
all material respects on and as of the date of the borrowing,
before and after giving effect to such borrowing and to the
application of the borrowed funds, as though made on and as of
such date. However, any representations and warranties which
expressly relate to a given date or period shall be required to
be true and correct in all material respects as of the
respective date or for the respective period, as the case may be.
•
No event of default with respect to any of the facilities under
the commitment letter or event which with the giving of notice
or lapse of time or both would be an event of default with
respect to any of the facilities under the commitment letter,
shall have occurred and be continuing, or would result from such
borrowing.
•
Agreement as to representations and warranties which are usual
and customary for these types of facilities, and such additional
representations and warranties as the lending agents shall deem
appropriate in the context of the proposed transaction.
•
Agreement as to covenants usual and customary for these types of
facilities, and such additional covenants as the lending agents
shall deem appropriate in the context of the proposed
transaction, with customary exceptions, including the following
covenants:
•
Limitations on other indebtedness (including contingent
liabilities and seller notes).
•
Limitations on mergers, acquisitions, joint ventures,
partnerships and acquisitions and dispositions of assets.
•
Limitations on sale-leaseback transactions.
•
Limitations on dividends and other restricted payments.
•
Limitations on voluntary prepayments of other indebtedness and
related amendments, and amendments to organizational documents
and other material agreements.
•
Limitations on transactions with affiliates and formation of
subsidiaries.
•
Limitations on investments, including joint ventures and
partnerships, and holding cash and cash equivalents at any time
loans under the revolving credit facility are outstanding.
•
Maintenance of existence and properties and corporate
separateness.
•
Limitations on liens.
•
Various financial covenants customary for a transaction of this
type, including:
•
Maximum total debt to EBITDA; and
•
Minimum interest coverage ratio.
•
Limitations on capital expenditures.
•
Adequate insurance coverage.
•
Covenants for compliance with the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974 or ERISA.
•
Financial reporting, notice of environmental, ERISA-related
matters and material litigation and visitation and inspection
rights.
•
Compliance with laws, including environmental and ERISA.
The obtaining of interest rate protection in amounts and for
periods to be determined.
•
Use of proceeds.
•
Agreement as to events of default usual and customary for these
types of facilities, and such additional events of default as
are appropriate under the circumstances, including a change of
control (to be defined to the satisfaction of the lending
agents) of Lee.
•
Agreement as to customary indemnities for the lending agents,
the lenders and their respective employees, agents and
affiliates.
Material United States Federal Income Tax Consequences
The following discussion of the material U.S. federal
income tax consequences of the merger to holders of shares of
our common stock or Class B common stock:
•
is based on the Internal Revenue Code, Treasury regulations,
Internal Revenue Service rulings and judicial and administrative
decisions in effect as of the date of this proxy statement, all
of which are subject to change (possibly with retroactive
effect) or to different interpretations;
•
is limited to the material U.S. federal income tax aspects
of the merger to a Pulitzer stockholder who is a citizen or
resident of the United States and who, on the date on which the
merger is completed, holds his, her or its shares of our common
stock or Class B common stock as a capital asset;
•
does not address taxpayers subject to special treatment under
U.S. federal income tax laws, such as insurance companies,
financial institutions, dealers in securities, tax-exempt
organizations, S corporations and taxpayers subject to the
alternative minimum tax;
•
may not apply to stockholders who acquired their shares of our
common stock or Class B common stock upon the exercise of
employee stock options or otherwise as compensation for services
or who hold their shares as part of a hedge, straddle or
conversion transaction; and
•
does not address potential foreign, state, local and other tax
consequences of the merger.
All stockholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors
regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences, as well
as the foreign, state and local tax consequences, of the
disposition of shares of our common stock or Class B common
stock in the merger.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the merger will be
treated as a taxable sale or exchange by each Pulitzer
stockholder of his, her or its shares of our common stock or
Class B common stock for cash. Accordingly, the
U.S. federal income tax consequences to each Pulitzer
stockholder receiving cash in the merger will generally be as
follows:
•
Such stockholder will recognize a capital gain or loss upon the
disposition of his, her or its shares of our common stock or
Class B common stock pursuant to the merger;
•
The capital gain or loss, if any, will be long-term with respect
to shares of our common stock or Class B common stock that
have a holding period for tax purposes in excess of twelve
months at the time such shares are disposed of; and
•
The amount of capital gain or loss recognized by such
stockholder will be measured by the difference between the
amount of cash received by such stockholder in connection with
the merger and such stockholder’s adjusted tax basis in
his, her or its shares of our common stock or Class B
common stock at the effective time of the merger.
Cash payments pursuant to the merger will be reported to each
Pulitzer stockholder and the Internal Revenue Service to the
extent required by the Internal Revenue Code and applicable
regulations. These amounts ordinarily will not be subject to
withholding of U.S. federal income tax, although backup
withholding of tax at the applicable rates may apply to a
Pulitzer stockholder who fails to supply Pulitzer
or the paying agent selected by Lee with his, her or its
taxpayer identification number or has received notice from the
Internal Revenue Service of a failure to report all interest and
dividends required to be shown on such stockholder’s
federal income tax returns, or in certain other cases.
Accordingly, each Pulitzer stockholder will be asked to provide
a correct taxpayer identification number on a Substitute
Form W-9 which is to be included in the letter of
transmittal that the paying agent will send to such stockholder.
Certain Pulitzer stockholders will be asked to provide
additional tax information in the letter of transmittal.
The foregoing discussion of certain material
U.S. federal income tax consequences is included for
general informational purposes only and is not intended to be,
and should not be construed as, legal or tax advice to any
holder of shares of our common stock or Class B common
stock. Pulitzer urges you to consult your own tax advisor to
determine the particular tax consequences to you (including the
application and effect of any state, local or foreign income and
other tax laws) of the receipt of cash in exchange for your
shares pursuant to the merger.
Required Regulatory Approvals and Other Matters
Under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvement Act of
1976 and the rules promulgated thereunder (which we refer to in
this proxy statement as the “HSR Act”), Lee, purchaser
and Pulitzer could not complete the merger until they had
notified and furnished information to the Federal Trade
Commission and the Antitrust Division of the
U.S. Department of Justice, and the waiting period under
the HSR Act expired or terminated. Lee and Pulitzer filed
notification and report forms under the HSR Act with the Federal
Trade Commission and the Antitrust Division on February 11,2005. On February 22, 2005, Lee and Pulitzer received from
the Federal Trade Commission notification of early termination
of the waiting period under the HSR Act.
Litigation Challenging the Merger
Two purported stockholder class action lawsuits have been filed
in the Delaware Court of Chancery naming Pulitzer and each of
our directors as defendants. The lawsuits are purportedly
brought on behalf of all Pulitzer stockholders other than the
defendants. The complaints allege, among other things, that the
defendants have breached their fiduciary duties to the
stockholders of Pulitzer by entering into the merger agreement
and that the consideration offered in the merger is unfair and
does not maximize stockholder value. The lawsuits have been
consolidated under the caption In re Pulitzer Shareholder
Litigation, C.A. No. 1063-N. Plaintiffs in the
consolidated action seek an injunction against the proposed
merger, as well as monetary damages. Pulitzer believes the
allegations made in the consolidated action are without merit.
The following is a summary of the material terms of the merger
agreement. This summary is qualified in its entirety by
reference to the merger agreement, which is attached to this
proxy statement as Annex A and incorporated by reference in
this section of the proxy statement. We urge you to read
carefully the full text of the merger agreement. The merger
agreement has been included to provide you with information
regarding its terms. The merger agreement is not intended to
provide any other factual information about us. Such information
can be found elsewhere in this proxy statement and in the other
public filings we make with the SEC. See “Where You Can
Find More Information” beginning on page 68.
General
The merger agreement provides that, after its adoption by our
stockholders and the satisfaction or waiver of the other
conditions to the merger, purchaser will be merged with and into
Pulitzer, and that Pulitzer will be the surviving corporation
following the merger. As a result of the merger, Pulitzer will
become an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Lee. The merger
will occur no later than the second business day after the
satisfaction or waiver of the conditions to the merger, upon the
filing of a certificate of merger with the office of the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, or at such later
time as we, Lee and purchaser may agree and specify in the
certificate of merger. The time when the merger becomes
effective is referred to as the “effective time.”
The directors and officers of purchaser at the effective time
will be the directors and officers of the surviving corporation,
until successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified in
accordance with applicable law.
Consideration to be Received by our Stockholders
At the effective time of the merger, each issued and outstanding
share of our common stock and Class B common stock will be
converted into the right to receive $64.00 in cash, without
interest, except for shares held by us or our subsidiaries as
treasury shares, shares owned by Lee or any of its subsidiaries
or shares held by stockholders properly exercising appraisal
rights. As a result, after the merger is completed, our
stockholders will have only the right to receive this
consideration, and will no longer have any rights as our
stockholders, including voting or other rights. Shares held by
us as treasury stock or held by Lee or its subsidiaries will be
cancelled at the effective time of the merger and will not
receive the $64.00 per share merger consideration.
Shares for which a stockholder has properly exercised appraisal
rights will not be converted into the right to receive the
merger consideration, but will instead entitle their holders to
receive such consideration as shall be determined pursuant to
the Delaware General Corporation Law. However, if, after the
effective time, any such holder fails to perfect or withdraws or
loses the right to appraisal, such shares will be treated as if
they had been converted as of the effective time into the right
to receive the merger consideration, without interest.
Payment For the Shares
Lee has appointed Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. as paying agent, for
the purpose of exchanging certificates representing shares of
our common stock and Class B common stock for the merger
consideration. At the effective time, Lee or purchaser will
deposit with the paying agent cash sufficient to pay the merger
consideration for each share of our common stock and
Class B common stock outstanding. As soon as practicable
after the effective time, Lee will cause the paying agent to
send each holder of shares of our common stock and Class B
common stock a letter of transmittal and instructions on how to
exchange stock certificates for payment of the merger
consideration.
If any portion of the merger consideration is to be paid to a
person other than the person in whose name a stock certificate
is registered, it will be a condition of payment that the
certificate be in proper form for transfer and that the person
requesting payment pay any required transfer taxes or establish
that
transfer taxes are not payable. The paying agent will pay the
merger consideration for any certificate that has been lost,
stolen or destroyed if the holder makes an affidavit regarding
the loss, theft or destruction and, if required by the surviving
corporation, posts an indemnity bond in a reasonable amount.
Beginning one year after the effective time, Lee can cause the
paying agent to return to Lee any portion of the merger
consideration that remains unclaimed by the holders of shares of
common stock or Class B common stock. Thereafter, any
holder can look only to the surviving corporation for payment of
the merger consideration, without interest. The paying agent,
Lee and the surviving corporation will not be liable for any
portion of the merger consideration paid to a public official
pursuant to applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar
laws.
Stock Options and Other Equity Awards
Under the merger agreement, all vested and non-vested stock
options and all vested and non-vested restricted stock units
will be converted into the right to receive cash at the
effective time of the merger, based upon the $64.00 per
share merger consideration. This means that each vested and
non-vested stock option outstanding immediately before the
merger will be cashed out at the effective time of the merger
for an amount equal to the number of shares covered by the
option multiplied by the excess of the $64.00 per share
merger consideration over the per share option exercise price.
Similarly, vested and non-vested restricted stock units will be
cashed out at the effective time of the merger at the rate of
$64.00 per unit. Shares of restricted stock will be
exchanged in the merger for cash at the rate of $64.00 per
share, on the same basis as other shares outstanding at the
effective time of the merger.
Representations and Warranties
Our Representations and Warranties
The merger agreement contains representations and warranties
which we made to Lee, are for the benefit of Lee only, and may
not be relied upon by any other person. The assertions embodied
in our representations and warranties are qualified by
information in a confidential disclosure memorandum that we
provided to Lee in connection with signing the merger agreement.
While we do not believe that our disclosure memorandum contains
information the securities laws require us to publicly disclose
other than information that has already been so disclosed, the
disclosure memorandum contains information that modifies,
qualifies and creates exceptions to the representations and
warranties set forth in the merger agreement. Accordingly, you
should not rely on the representations and warranties as
characterizations of the actual state of facts, since the
representations and warranties are subject in important part to
our underlying disclosure memorandum. Our disclosure memorandum
contains information that has been included in our general prior
public disclosures, as well as additional non-public
information. Information concerning the subject matter of our
representations and warranties may have changed since the date
of the merger agreement, and subsequent information may or may
not be fully reflected in our public disclosures.
All of our representations and warranties will expire at the
effective time of the merger. These representations and
warranties relate to, among other things:
•
our board of directors’ unanimous approval of the merger
and the merger agreement and their unanimous recommendation that
Pulitzer’s stockholders vote to adopt the merger agreement;
•
the inapplicability of state anti-takeover statutes and other
restrictions in our certificate of incorporation to the merger
agreement and the merger;
•
our and our subsidiaries’ due organization, good standing
and power and authority to carry on our businesses;
•
our and our subsidiaries’ capitalization, including the
number of shares of our common stock and Class B common
stock outstanding and the number of our stock options and
restricted stock units outstanding;
our corporate power and authority to enter into the merger
agreement and to complete the transactions contemplated by the
merger agreement;
•
the consents and approvals of and filings with governmental
entities required in connection with our entering into the
merger agreement and completing the merger;
•
the absence of any conflict with or violation of our
organizational documents, applicable law or contracts, and the
absence of any liens created, as a result of our entering into
the merger agreement and completing the merger;
•
the filing by us of appropriate documents with the SEC and the
accuracy of the financial statements and other information
contained in those documents;
•
the absence of undisclosed liabilities;
•
the absence of certain changes or events since December 26,2004, including the conduct of our business since that date in
the ordinary course consistent with past practice, except as
mandated by the merger agreement, and the absence since that
date of any material adverse effect on us;
•
the absence of outstanding litigation or judgments against us;
•
our compliance with applicable governmental statutes, laws and
rules;
•
our possession of and lack of default under necessary
governmental approvals, authorizations and permits;
•
our filing of tax returns, payment of taxes and other matters
relating to taxes;
•
employment matters affecting us, including matters relating to
ERISA and our employee benefit plans;
•
our compliance with environmental laws and permits and other
matters relating to environmental laws;
our collective bargaining agreements and other matters relating
to labor law;
•
the absence of undisclosed broker’s or finder’s fees;
•
our receipt of the opinion of Goldman Sachs;
•
the vote of our stockholders necessary to adopt the merger
agreement; and
•
the circulation of certain of our publications.
Lee’s Representations and Warranties
The merger agreement also contains representations and
warranties by Lee and purchaser relating to, among other things:
•
their due organization, good standing and power and authority to
carry on their businesses;
•
their corporate power and authority to enter into the merger
agreement and to complete the transactions contemplated by the
merger agreement;
•
the consents and approvals of and filings with governmental
entities required in connection with Lee’s and
purchaser’s entering into the merger agreement and
completing the merger;
•
the absence of any conflict with or violation of Lee’s or
purchaser’s organizational documents, applicable law or
contracts as a result of their entering into the merger
agreement and completing the merger;
the absence of outstanding litigation or judgments against Lee,
purchaser or their subsidiaries that would reasonably be
expected to prevent or delay the merger;
•
Lee’s financial capability to complete the merger,
including paying for all of our shares of common stock and
Class B common stock outstanding and all fees and expenses
related to the merger;
•
the fact that Lee is not an “interested stockholder”
of us under Delaware law; and
•
the solvency of Lee, the surviving corporation and their
subsidiaries immediately following the effective time.
Covenants Relating to the Conduct of our Business
Under the merger agreement, we have agreed that between
January 29, 2005 and the completion of the merger we and
our subsidiaries will conduct our business in the ordinary
course consistent with past practice and use our commercially
reasonable efforts to preserve intact our business organizations
and relationships with third parties. We have also agreed that,
during the same time period, and subject to certain exceptions,
including Lee’s consent, we and our subsidiaries will not:
•
declare, set aside or pay dividends or other distributions,
other than (i) regular quarterly cash dividends on our
common stock and Class B common stock consistent with past
practice in an amount no greater than $0.20 per share per
quarter and (ii) dividends paid by any of our subsidiaries
to us or any of our other subsidiaries;
•
split, combine or reclassify any of our capital stock or issue
or authorize the issuance of any other securities in respect of
or in substitution for shares of our capital stock;
•
repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of our
capital stock or other ownership interests;
•
issue any shares of our common stock or Class B common
stock, or any securities convertible into or exercisable for or
any rights to acquire shares of our common stock or Class B
common stock, other than (i) pursuant to outstanding stock
options or restricted stock units, (ii) pursuant to
employee stock purchase plans, subject to certain limitations
and (iii) upon conversion of shares of our Class B
common stock into shares of our common stock;
acquire (i) by merger, consolidation, purchase of a
substantial portion of assets or by any other manner, any
business, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association
or other business organization or division, (ii) any assets
that are material, individually or in the aggregate, to us and
our subsidiaries taken as a whole or (iii) except for
acquisitions that individually or in the aggregate do not exceed
$500,000, any home delivery, single copy or other type of
distribution businesses involving our circulation operations;
•
except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice, sell, lease, license, mortgage or otherwise encumber
or subject to any lien or otherwise dispose of any of our
properties or assets that are material, individually or in the
aggregate, to us and our subsidiaries taken as a whole (other
than (i) liens arising out of taxes not yet due and payable
or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate
proceedings, (ii) materialmen’s, mechanics’,
carrier’s, workmen’s, repairmen’s,
warehousemen’s or other like liens, (iii) liens or
minor imperfections of title that do not materially impair the
continued use and operation of the assets to which they relate
and (iv) with respect to leased property, the terms and
conditions of the respective leases);
•
except for items contracted for by us or our subsidiaries at
January 29, 2005 and certain other exceptions, make new
capital expenditures, other than those which individually do not
exceed $35,000;
incur or guarantee any indebtedness for borrowed money (other
than that of our subsidiaries), issue or sell any debt
securities or rights to acquire debt securities or guarantee any
debt securities (other than those of our subsidiaries), except
pursuant to written commitments existing on January 29,2005 and the endorsement of checks and extension of credit in
the normal course of business, or make any loans, advances or
capital contributions to or investments in any person other than
(i) our subsidiaries, (ii) advances to employees in
accordance with past practice or (iii) pursuant to written
commitments existing on January 29, 2005;
•
except as required by an existing collective bargaining
agreement, enter into or adopt any new, or increase benefits
under, amend, modify, renew or terminate any existing, employee
benefit plan, benefit arrangement or collective bargaining
agreement;
•
except as required by a collective bargaining agreement or other
written agreement existing on January 29, 2005, increase
the wages, salaries or bonus compensation payable to our
directors, officers, management personnel or employees not
covered by a collective bargaining agreement, other than in
accordance with budgets existing on January 29, 2005;
•
enter into any contracts of employment, retention or similar
agreements;
•
enter into any severance provisions, except for those which do
not exceed $150,000 in the aggregate;
•
adopt any change in our accounting policies, procedures or
practices, except as required by applicable rules;
•
make any tax election that is material to us and our
subsidiaries taken as a whole or settle or compromise any income
tax liability that is material to us and our subsidiaries taken
as a whole, except for any income tax liability for which we
have made appropriate provision in our December 26, 2004
financial statements and certain other matters;
•
enter into any contract or agreement that is material to us or
certain of our subsidiaries or modify, amend or terminate or,
except with respect to advertising contracts whose term is one
year or less, renew any contract or agreement to which we or
certain of our subsidiaries is a party that is material to us or
such subsidiary;
•
increase the single copy or home delivery prices of the
St. Louis Post-Dispatch, or develop new or alter
existing products, including newspaper redesign, zoning,
editioning and other related activities;
•
agree to settle any litigation, including any litigation by our
stockholders relating to the merger;
•
make any contributions to our funded employee benefit plans in
excess of the minimum amount required by law; or
•
agree or commit to do any of the foregoing.
Stockholder Meeting; Proxy Statement
We have agreed to call and hold the special meeting described in
this proxy statement as soon as reasonably practicable. We and
Lee have agreed that the information supplied by each of us for
inclusion or incorporation by reference in this proxy statement
will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit
to state any material fact required to be stated or necessary in
order to make the statements in this proxy statement, in light
of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.
Access to Information
We have agreed that from January 29, 2005 to the effective
time of the merger we will:
•
give Lee and its counsel, financial advisors, auditors and other
authorized representatives reasonable access to our offices,
properties, contracts, books and records and personnel;
furnish Lee and its counsel, financial advisors, auditors and
other authorized representatives with such financial and
operating data and other information relating to us as they may
reasonably request; and
•
instruct our employees, counsel, financial advisors, auditors
and other authorized representatives to cooperate with Lee in
its investigation of us and our subsidiaries.
Any investigation of us must be conducted upon two business
days’ prior written notice, during regular business hours
and in such a manner so as not to interfere unreasonably with
our conduct of business.
We have also agreed to deliver to Lee:
•
within 12 business days after the end of each of our four- or
five-week fiscal periods prior to the effective time, an
unaudited consolidated balance sheet for us and our subsidiaries
as of the end of such period;
•
a draft of our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended December 26, 2004 within one day after our audit
committee has reviewed the draft; and
•
contemporaneously with the filing of our annual report on
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2004,
a copy of our audited consolidated financial statements included
in such annual report, together with an opinion of our auditors.
Lee has agreed to hold all documents and information furnished
to it or its affiliates in connection with the merger in
accordance with the terms of the confidentiality agreement
previously entered into by Lee.
No Solicitation; Other Offers
Except as described below, we have agreed that neither we nor
our subsidiaries or affiliates will, and that we will not
authorize our officers, directors, employees or other agents to,
directly or indirectly:
•
solicit, initiate, encourage, induce or knowingly facilitate the
submission of any acquisition proposal or any inquiries with
respect to an acquisition proposal;
•
engage in discussions or negotiations with any person concerning
an acquisition proposal or knowingly facilitate any effort or
attempt to make an acquisition proposal or accept an acquisition
proposal; or
•
disclose any nonpublic information relating to us or our
subsidiaries to any person who, to our knowledge, is making or
considering making, or who has made, an acquisition proposal.
Under the merger agreement, the term “acquisition
proposal” means any offer or proposal for a merger,
reorganization, consolidation, share exchange, business
combination or other similar transaction involving us or any
proposal or offer to acquire, directly or indirectly, securities
representing more than 20% of our voting power or more than 20%
of our consolidated net assets, other than the transactions
contemplated by the merger agreement.
We have agreed to notify Lee as promptly as practicable (but in
no event later than 24 hours) after our receipt of any
acquisition proposal or any request for nonpublic information by
any person who, to our knowledge, is making or considering
making an acquisition proposal, and to keep Lee reasonably
informed of the status and details of any such acquisition
proposal or request.
Notwithstanding our obligations relating to non-solicitation, we
may, until the special meeting described in this proxy
statement, negotiate or otherwise engage in substantive
discussions with, and furnish nonpublic information to, any
person in response to an unsolicited acquisition proposal if:
•
we have complied with our non-solicitation obligations described
above;
•
our board of directors determines in good faith that the
acquisition proposal could reasonably be expected to result in a
superior proposal and, after consulting with and receiving
advice from
outside legal counsel, that the failure to take such action
could reasonably be deemed to constitute a breach of its
fiduciary duties under applicable law; and
•
the person making the acquisition proposal enters into a
confidentiality agreement with terms no less favorable to us
than those contained in the confidentiality agreement entered
into by Lee.
Under the merger agreement, the term “superior
proposal” means a bona fide written acquisition proposal to
acquire more than 50% of our voting power or all or
substantially all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries,
taken as a whole, that our board of directors determines in good
faith (after consultation with a financial advisor of nationally
recognized reputation and taking into account all the terms and
conditions of the acquisition proposal) is more favorable to us
and our stockholders from a financial point of view than the
merger and is reasonably capable of being completed, including a
conclusion that its financing, to the extent required, is then
committed or is, in the good faith judgment of our board of
directors, reasonably capable of being financed by the person
making the acquisition proposal.
We must provide Lee with any information we provide to a person
making an acquisition proposal.
Except as described below, we have also agreed that neither our
board of directors nor any committee of our board of directors
will:
•
withdraw or modify or publicly propose to withdraw or modify, in
a manner adverse to Lee, or take any action not explicitly
permitted by the merger agreement that would be inconsistent
with our board of directors’ approval of the merger
agreement and the merger or with our board of directors’
recommendation to stockholders to vote for adoption of the
merger agreement;
•
approve or recommend, or publicly propose to approve or
recommend, any acquisition proposal; or
•
cause us to enter into any letter of intent, agreement in
principle, acquisition agreement or similar agreement related to
any acquisition proposal.
Notwithstanding these obligations, until the special meeting
described in this proxy statement, our board of directors is
permitted not to recommend adoption of the merger agreement to
our stockholders, or to withdraw or modify its recommendation
that our stockholders adopt the merger agreement, but only if:
•
we have complied with our obligations relating to the
non-solicitation of offers;
•
we have received an unsolicited acquisition proposal that our
board of directors determines in good faith is a superior
proposal;
•
our board of directors determines in good faith, after
consultation with and receipt of advice from outside legal
counsel, that the failure to take such action could reasonably
be deemed to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties under
applicable law;
•
we have delivered to Lee a prior written notice advising Lee
that we intend to take such action, together with a copy of the
superior proposal, at least three business days prior to taking
such action;
•
we have negotiated in good faith with Lee during the three
business day period to make such amendments to the terms and
conditions of the merger agreement as would enable our board of
directors to proceed with its recommendation of the merger
agreement and the merger; and
•
prior to the expiration of the three business day period, Lee
has failed to make a proposal to adjust the terms and conditions
of the merger agreement that our board of directors determines
in good faith, after consultation with its financial advisor, to
be at least as favorable as the superior proposal.
We have also agreed that until the effective time we will
enforce, to the fullest extent permitted under applicable law,
and will not terminate, amend, modify or waive any provision of,
any confidentiality or standstill agreement relating to an
acquisition proposal to which we or any of our subsidiaries is a
party. Nothing in the merger agreement will prevent us or our
board of directors from complying with
Rule 14d-9, Item 1012(a) of Regulation M-A and
Rule 14e-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or
making any disclosure to our stockholders required by applicable
law.
Best Efforts
We, Lee and purchaser have agreed that each of us will use our
best efforts to take all actions and do all things necessary,
proper or advisable to complete, in the most expeditious manner
practicable, the merger and the other transactions contemplated
by the merger agreement, including the following:
•
obtaining all necessary actions, waivers, consents and approvals
from governmental entities and taking all reasonable steps
necessary to avoid an action or proceeding by any governmental
entity;
•
obtaining all necessary consents, approvals or waivers from
third parties;
•
defending lawsuits or other proceedings challenging the merger
agreement or the transactions contemplated by the merger
agreement, including seeking to have any stay or temporary
restraining order vacated or reversed; and
•
executing and delivering any necessary additional instruments.
Subject to our rights under the merger agreement, we have agreed
to use our best efforts to minimize the effect of any state
takeover statute that is or becomes applicable to the merger.
Lee has agreed to take all steps necessary to avoid or eliminate
every impediment under any antitrust or similar law that may be
asserted by any governmental entity with respect to the merger
so as to enable the closing of the merger to occur as soon as
reasonably possible, including the sale, divestiture or
disposition of such assets or businesses of Lee or its
subsidiaries as may be required in order to avoid the entry of,
or effect the dissolution of, any injunction, temporary
restraining order or other order which would prevent, delay or
restrict the completion of the transactions contemplated by the
merger agreement.
Indemnification, Advancement and Insurance
After completion of the merger, Lee and the surviving
corporation will indemnify and hold harmless all of our past and
present officers, directors, employees and agents to the fullest
extent permitted by Delaware law, including paying in advance
expenses incurred in defending any lawsuit or action.
Lee or the surviving corporation will also maintain, for at
least six years after completion of the merger, directors’
and officers’ liability insurance policies comparable to
those maintained by us on January 29, 2005, although the
surviving corporation will not be required to spend in any year
more than 300% of the annual premiums paid during the
immediately preceding year. If the annual premiums exceed 300%
of the annual premiums paid during the immediately preceding
year, the surviving corporation must obtain a policy or policies
with the greatest coverage available for a cost not exceeding
that amount.
Employee and Director Benefits
Compensation and Benefits — General
The merger agreement contains a number of provisions relating to
employee compensation and benefits for our employees after the
merger, including:
•
Following the merger, Lee will cause the surviving corporation
and each of its subsidiaries to abide by the terms of our
existing collective bargaining agreements.
•
Until at least September 30, 2006, our non-bargaining unit
employees will be entitled to base pay and commission
opportunities at least equal to what we are providing them
effective before the merger, and to certain welfare, retirement
and other employee benefits and incentive opportunities that are
not less favorable in the aggregate than those we provided as of
January 29, 2005.
•
At the effective time of the merger, we will pay bonuses accrued
by non-bargaining unit employees from December 27, 2004
until the effective time in accordance with our bonus targets and
performance for that period. Lee will provide certain minimum
bonus opportunities to those employees for the period from the
effective time until September 30, 2005.
•
In general, our non-bargaining unit employees will be given
credit for their pre-merger service with us and our
subsidiaries, to the extent recognized by us as of
December 26, 2004, for the purposes of determining their
eligibility, vesting, benefits and seniority under post-merger
employee benefit plans in which they are otherwise eligible to
participate.
Post-Retirement Group Health Coverage
Lee will maintain our post-retirement group health coverage,
substantially unchanged, through September 30, 2007, for
existing non-bargaining unit retirees and certain future
retirees. From October 1, 2007 through December 31,2008, Lee will provide the “grandfathered” individuals
described above with access to post-retirement group health
coverage on such terms and conditions as it determines. The
protected post-retirement coverage will also extend to covered
spouses and dependents of eligible retirees.
Severance Protection
Lee will provide minimum severance benefits to any of our
non-bargaining unit employees whose employment is involuntarily
terminated (other than for cause) by Lee before June 1,2006, as follows:
•
Non-bargaining unit employees of the St. Louis
Post-Dispatch hired before January 1, 1995 will be
entitled to severance benefits that would have been applicable
to them under an existing schedule.
•
All other non-bargaining unit employees will be entitled to at
least two weeks’ base pay for each year of service,
prorated for the year in which termination occurs, subject to a
minimum of four weeks’ base pay and a maximum of
50 weeks’ base pay.
Non-bargaining unit employees who are terminated without cause
within one year of the effective time will also receive credit
for an additional year of vesting service under employee benefit
plans in which they participate. Lee will also make certain
outplacement services available to a limited number of
designated non-bargaining unit terminated employees.
Supplemental Executive Benefit Pension Plan
The merger agreement provides that our supplemental executive
benefit pension plan will be amended prior to the effective time
to provide that:
•
future benefit accruals will be suspended;
•
the value of each participant’s accrued benefit will be
converted into an individual account balance bearing interest at
an annual rate of 5.75%;
•
each retired participant will continue to receive scheduled
pension payments, which will be charged against his or her
account; and
•
full payment of the participants’ account balances will be
made on or about May 1, 2008, or, if earlier, upon a change
in control of Lee or the surviving corporation.
Other Arrangements
•
In connection with the merger, all outstanding vested and
non-vested stock options, restricted stock units and shares of
restricted stock will be converted into the right to receive
cash based upon the $64.00 per share merger consideration.
See “— Stock Options and Other Equity
Awards” beginning on page 48.
•
As of the effective time, our employment and consulting
agreement with Michael E. Pulitzer will terminate and we will
pay to Mr. Pulitzer an amount equal to the remaining
payments that would have been payable through May 31, 2006,
the date on which the agreement would otherwise have
expired. For example, if the merger is consummated on
May 31, 2005, Mr. Pulitzer would receive a cash
termination payment of $700,000 on that date.
•
In accordance with the merger agreement, we have discontinued
the operation of our employee stock purchase plans, effective as
of March 31, 2005, the last day of the plan offering period
during which the merger agreement was signed.
•
The merger agreement requires us to seek a termination of the
split dollar life insurance agreements that we made for four of
our former executives (Ken J. Elkins, Ronald H. Ridgway, Michael
E. Pulitzer and Nicholas G. Penniman IV) and one of our current
executives (Robert C. Woodworth). In return for being relieved
of any future premium obligations, we would agree to give up our
interest in the policy cash values and make additional payments
up to the amount of prior premiums we withheld since
July 30, 2002 due to legal uncertainties arising from the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Any agreement that is not terminated
before the merger will remain in effect following the merger.
•
Lee will also satisfy retention bonuses earned under the
retention incentive arrangements we made with our executive
officers and other key employees. In addition, Lee will honor
any severance and other obligations that may arise pursuant to
our executive transition plan agreements and participation
agreements made with our executive officers and other key
employees. See “The Merger — Interests of our
Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger” beginning
on page 24.
Public Announcements
We and Lee have agreed to obtain the other’s prior written
consent before issuing any press release or making any public
statement with respect to the merger agreement or the
transactions contemplated by the merger agreement and not to
issue any such press release or make any such public statement
before obtaining the other’s consent, except as required by
applicable law or a listing agreement with a national securities
exchange.
Certain Operational Matters
Under the merger agreement, Lee has agreed:
•
to cause the St. Louis Post-Dispatch to maintain its
current name and editorial page platform statement, and to
maintain its news and editorial headquarters in the City of
St. Louis, Missouri, for at least five years following the
effective time;
•
not to appoint a new editor of the St. Louis
Post-Dispatch within five years following the effective time
without prior consultation with a person designated by a
committee of our board of directors;
•
not to use the “Pulitzer” name in connection with any
business or other endeavor not reasonably related to the media
businesses in which we are currently engaged and to use
commercially reasonable efforts to preserve the historical
goodwill of the “Pulitzer” name, including using
commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that the name is used
only in connection with products and services that are
substantially consistent in nature, quality and style with the
products and services in connection with which the name has been
historically used by us; and
•
to cause our subsidiary, St. Louis Post-Dispatch LLC, to
make, until September 30, 2009, aggregate charitable
contributions of at least 0.25% of its total revenues. This sum
shall be used to fund certain charitable commitments previously
made by us and the remainder shall be contributed to tax-exempt
charitable organizations located in the states of Missouri or
Illinois after funding at least $60,000 to the Columbia
University Graduate School of Journalism in support of the
activities relating to the award of the Pulitzer Prizes.
After the effective time, the obligations described above may be
enforced by a person designated by a committee made up of three
members of our current board of directors. Our board of
directors has not yet designated a committee or a person to
enforce the obligations described above.
If Lee is required to deliver or actually delivers an opinion
with respect to the solvency of Lee, purchaser, us or any of our
respective subsidiaries in connection with the financing of the
merger, Lee has agreed that it will also deliver the opinion to
us and allow us and our stockholders to rely on the opinion.
Conditions to the Merger
Mutual Conditions
Our, Lee and purchaser’s obligations to complete the merger
are all subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the following
conditions:
•
our stockholders shall have adopted the merger agreement at the
special meeting described in this proxy statement;
•
no statute, rule or regulation of any governmental entity and no
temporary restraining order, injunction or other order of a
court preventing the merger shall be in effect, provided that
each of us shall have used commercially reasonable efforts to
prevent the entry of and to appeal any such injunction or other
order; and
•
any waiting period under the HSR Act applicable to the merger
shall have expired.
Lee’s Conditions
In addition, Lee and purchaser are not obligated to complete the
merger unless the following additional conditions are satisfied
or waived:
•
we shall have performed all of our obligations under the merger
agreement required to be performed at or prior to the effective
time (disregarding any exception to an obligation qualified by
“material adverse effect,”“material,”“materiality” and words of similar import), except for
such failures to perform that, individually or in the aggregate,
would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse
effect on us;
•
our representations and warranties in the merger agreement shall
be true on the closing date, other than representations and
warranties that are expressly limited to a specific date, which
must be true as of such date (disregarding any exception to a
representation and warranty qualified by “material adverse
effect,”“material,”“materiality” and
words of similar import), except for such failures to be true
that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be
expected to have a material adverse effect on us;
•
Lee shall have received a certificate signed by our president or
chief executive officer or one of our vice presidents certifying
as to the satisfaction of the conditions described in the
preceding two paragraphs; and
•
we shall have delivered to Lee all of the certificates,
instruments and other documents required to be delivered by us
at or prior to the closing date.
For purposes of the closing conditions and termination
provisions, the merger agreement provides that a “material
adverse effect” on us (or Lee) means any change, effect,
event, occurrence or state of facts (or any development that has
had or is reasonably likely to have any change or effect) that
is, individually or in the aggregate, materially adverse to the
business, property, assets, liabilities, financial condition or
results of operations of us and our subsidiaries taken as a
whole (or of Lee and its subsidiaries taken as a whole) or that
would prevent or materially delay the closing of the merger and
the other transactions contemplated by the merger agreement.
However, the following shall not be taken into account in
determining whether there has been a material adverse effect and
shall not be deemed in themselves, either alone or in
combination, to constitute a material adverse effect:
•
any adverse change in the market price or trading volume of our
(or Lee’s) capital stock; provided, however, that this
clause shall not exclude any underlying event, occurrence,
development or circumstance which may have caused such change in
stock price or trading volume;
•
any adverse event, occurrence or development affecting any of
the industries in which we (or Lee) operate generally (to the
extent that such events, occurrences or developments do not
disproportionately affect us (or Lee) as compared to other
companies in such industries);
•
changes, events or occurrences in financial, credit, banking or
securities markets (including any disruption thereof);
•
any adverse change, event, development or effect arising from or
relating to general business or economic conditions which does
not relate only to us or any of our subsidiaries (or only to Lee
or any of its subsidiaries);
•
any adverse change, event, development or effect attributable to
the announcement or pendency of the merger, or resulting from or
relating to compliance with the terms of, or the taking of any
action required by, the merger agreement;
•
any adverse change, event, development or effect arising from or
relating to national or international political or social
conditions, including the engagement by the United States in
hostilities or the escalation thereof, whether or not pursuant
to the declaration of a national emergency or war, or the
occurrence of any military or terrorist attack anywhere in the
world; and
•
any adverse change, event, development or effect arising from or
relating to laws, rules, regulations, orders or other binding
directives issued by any governmental entity that do not relate
only to us or any of our subsidiaries (or only to Lee or any of
its subsidiaries).
Our Conditions
We are not obligated to complete the merger unless the following
additional conditions have been satisfied or waived:
•
Lee and purchaser shall have performed all of their obligations
under the merger agreement required to be performed at or prior
to the effective time (disregarding any exception to an
obligation qualified by “material adverse effect,”“material,”“materiality” and words of
similar import), except for such failures to perform that,
individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be
expected to have a material adverse effect on Lee or purchaser
or materially impair their ability to complete the merger and
the other transactions contemplated by the merger agreement on
the terms and conditions provided in the merger agreement;
•
Lee’s and purchaser’s representations and warranties
in the merger agreement shall be true on the closing date, other
than representations and warranties that are expressly limited
to a specific date, which must be true as of such date
(disregarding any exception to a representation and warranty
qualified by “material adverse effect,”“material,”“materiality” and words of
similar import), except for such failures to be true that,
individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be
expected to have a material adverse effect on Lee or purchaser
or materially impair their ability to complete the merger and
the other transactions contemplated by the merger agreement on
the terms and conditions provided in the merger agreement;
•
we shall have received a certificate signed by Lee’s
president or chief executive officer or one of Lee’s vice
presidents certifying as to the satisfaction of the conditions
described in the preceding two paragraphs; and
•
Lee shall have delivered to us all of the certificates,
instruments and other documents required to be delivered by Lee
or purchaser at or prior to the closing date.
The merger agreement may be terminated, and the merger
abandoned, at any time prior to the effective time, whether
before or after our stockholders have adopted the merger
agreement, in any of the following circumstances.
Mutual Rights to Terminate the Merger Agreement
The merger agreement may be terminated by mutual written consent
duly authorized by the boards of directors of Lee, purchaser and
us.
The merger agreement may also be terminated by either Lee or us
if:
•
any governmental entity shall have issued an order or taken any
other action (which order or other action we, Lee and purchaser
shall use our reasonable best efforts to lift) restraining,
enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the merger and such order or
other action shall have become final and nonappealable;
provided, that this right to terminate will not be available to
any party whose breach of the merger agreement results in the
imposition or failure to be lifted of such order or other action;
•
the merger shall not have been completed by August 2, 2005,
unless the failure to complete the merger is the result of a
breach of the merger agreement by the party seeking to
terminate; or
•
our stockholders have not adopted the merger agreement at the
special meeting described in this proxy statement.
Our Rights to Terminate the Merger Agreement
We may terminate the merger agreement if:
•
we have complied with our obligations described above under the
caption “— No Solicitation; Other Offers”
beginning on page 52, and we have received an unsolicited
acquisition proposal that our board of directors determines in
good faith is a superior proposal, and then only in connection
with our entering into an agreement with respect to the superior
proposal; provided, that in order to exercise this right of
termination we must pay Lee the termination fee described below
under the caption “— Fees and Expenses”
beginning on page 60; or
•
Lee or purchaser shall have breached any representation,
warranty, covenant or other agreement in the merger agreement,
which breach, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably
be expected to materially impair the ability of Lee or purchaser
to complete the merger on the terms and conditions set forth in
the merger agreement and cannot be or has not been cured within
30 days after our giving written notice to Lee or purchaser.
Lee’s Rights to Terminate the Merger Agreement
Lee may terminate the merger agreement if:
•
we shall have breached any representation, warranty, covenant or
other agreement in the merger agreement (disregarding any
exception to a representation and warranty qualified by
“material adverse effect,”“material,”“materiality” and words of similar import), which
breach, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be
expected to result in a material adverse effect on us (as
defined above under the caption “— Conditions to
the Merger” beginning on page 57) and cannot be or has
not been cured, in all material respects, within 30 days
after Lee’s giving written notice to us;
•
our board of directors shall have withdrawn or modified (in a
manner adverse to Lee or purchaser) its approval or
recommendation of the merger or the merger agreement or shall
have approved or recommended any acquisition proposal;
a tender or exchange offer relating to any of our securities has
been commenced and we fail to send to our stockholders, within
ten business days after commencement, a statement disclosing
that we recommend the rejection of the tender or exchange offer;
•
an acquisition proposal is publicly announced and we fail to
issue, within ten business days after the announcement, a press
release that reaffirms the recommendation of our board of
directors that Pulitzer’s stockholders vote in favor of
adoption of the merger agreement; or
•
we breach in any material respect our obligations relating to
the calling and holding of the special meeting of stockholders
described in this proxy statement or we breach in any respect
our obligations relating to the non-solicitation of other offers
(which are described above under the caption
“— No Solicitation; Other Offers” beginning
on page 52).
If the merger agreement terminates, it will become void and have
no effect (except for certain provisions that will survive
termination), without any liability or obligation on the part of
Lee, purchaser or us, except to the extent that termination
results from the breach by one of us of any of our
representations, warranties, covenants or agreements.
Fees and Expenses
We have agreed to pay Lee a termination fee of $55 million
in the following circumstances:
•
if (i) Lee or we terminate the merger agreement because the
merger has not been completed by August 2, 2005,
(ii) at any time after January 29, 2005, an
acquisition proposal has been publicly announced or otherwise
communicated to our board of directors and (iii) within
12 months of the termination of the merger agreement we
enter into a definitive agreement with a third party with
respect to an acquisition proposal or similar transaction or an
acquisition proposal or similar transaction is completed;
•
if (i) Lee terminates the merger agreement because we have
breached any of our representations, warranties, covenants or
other agreements and our breach would reasonably be expected to
have a material adverse effect, (ii) at any time after
January 29, 2005, an acquisition proposal has been publicly
announced or otherwise communicated to our board of directors
and (iii) within 12 months of the termination of the
merger agreement we enter into a definitive agreement with a
third party with respect to an acquisition proposal or similar
transaction or an acquisition proposal or similar transaction is
completed;
•
if (i) Lee terminates the merger agreement because a tender
or exchange offer relating to any of our securities has been
commenced and we have failed to send to our stockholders, within
ten business days after commencement, a statement disclosing
that we recommend the rejection of the tender or exchange offer,
(ii) at any time after January 29, 2005, an
acquisition proposal has been publicly announced or otherwise
communicated to our board of directors and (iii) within
12 months of the termination of the merger agreement we
enter into a definitive agreement with a third party with
respect to an acquisition proposal or similar transaction or an
acquisition proposal or similar transaction is completed;
•
if (i) Lee terminates the merger agreement because an
acquisition proposal has been publicly announced and we have
failed to issue, within ten business days after the
announcement, a press release that reaffirms the recommendation
of our board of directors that Pulitzer’s stockholders vote
in favor of adoption of the merger agreement, (ii) at any
time after January 29, 2005, an acquisition proposal has
been publicly announced or otherwise communicated to our board
of directors and (iii) within 12 months of the
termination of the merger agreement we enter into a definitive
agreement with a third party with respect to an acquisition
proposal or similar transaction or an acquisition proposal or
similar transaction is completed;
•
if (i) Lee terminates the merger agreement because we have
breached in any material respect our obligations relating to the
calling and holding of the special meeting of stockholders
described in
this proxy statement or we have breached in any respect our
obligations relating to the non-solicitation of other offers,
(ii) at any time after January 29, 2005 an acquisition
proposal has been publicly announced or otherwise communicated
to our board of directors and (iii) within 12 months
of the termination of the merger agreement we enter into a
definitive agreement with a third party with respect to an
acquisition proposal or similar transaction or an acquisition
proposal or similar transaction is completed;
•
if we terminate the merger agreement in connection with entering
into an agreement with respect to an unsolicited acquisition
proposal that our board of directors determines in good faith is
a superior proposal; or
•
if Lee terminates the merger agreement because our board of
directors has withdrawn or modified (in a manner adverse to Lee
or purchaser) its approval or recommendation of the merger or
the merger agreement or has approved or recommended any
acquisition proposal.
We have agreed to pay Lee a fee of $30 million plus
Lee’s actual documented expenses (not to exceed
$12 million) if Lee or we terminate the merger agreement
because our stockholders have not adopted the merger agreement
at the special meeting described in this proxy statement. If we
have paid Lee the fee described in this paragraph and a
termination fee as described in the preceding paragraphs is due,
the amount of the termination fee will be reduced by the amount
of the fees and expenses described in this paragraph that was
previously paid to Lee.
Amendment, Extension and Waiver
The merger agreement may be amended in writing by Lee, purchaser
and us. However, after our stockholders have adopted the merger
agreement, no amendment that by law requires further adoption by
our stockholders will be made without such further adoption.
At any time prior to the effective time, Lee, purchaser and we
may extend the time for performance of any obligation under the
merger agreement, waive any inaccuracies in any representations
and warranties contained in the merger agreement or, except as
described in the preceding paragraph, waive compliance with any
of the agreements or conditions contained in the merger
agreement.
OUR STOCK PRICE
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under
the trading symbol “PTZ.” The following table shows
the high and low sale prices of our common stock as reported on
the New York Stock Exchange for each quarterly period in the
past two calendar years:
High
Low
2004
First Quarter
$
56.64
$
47.93
Second Quarter
$
52.42
$
44.94
Third Quarter
$
49.65
$
43.71
Fourth Quarter
$
64.90
$
49.10
2003
First Quarter
$
49.25
$
40.75
Second Quarter
$
52.00
$
42.30
Third Quarter
$
54.19
$
46.73
Fourth Quarter
$
54.65
$
48.90
The closing price of our common stock on the New York Stock
Exchange on November 19, 2004, which was the last trading
day before we announced that we were exploring a range of
strategic alternatives, was $54.81. The closing price of our
common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on January 28,2005, which was the last trading day before we announced the
merger, was $62.90. On
, which is the latest practicable trading day before this proxy
statement was printed, the closing price for our common stock on
the New York Stock Exchange was
$ .
In 2004, we declared and paid cash dividends of $0.76 per
share of common stock and Class B common stock. In 2003, we
declared and paid cash dividends of $0.72 per share of
common stock and Class B common stock. In 2002, we declared
and paid cash dividends of $0.70 per share of common stock
and Class B common stock.
As of February 25, 2005, there were 10,382,844 shares
of our common stock outstanding held by approximately 340
holders of record. As of February 25, 2005, there were
11,469,398 shares of our Class B common stock
outstanding held by approximately 26 holders of record.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP BY CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the
beneficial ownership of our common stock and Class B common
stock as of [February 25, 2005], (i) by each of our
directors and executive officers, (ii) by each person known
by us to own beneficially 5% or more of our common stock,
(iii) by our named executive officers and (iv) by all
of our directors and officers as a group. Percentage of
beneficial ownership is based
on shares
of common stock
and shares
of Class B common stock outstanding as of the record date.
All directors and officers as a group
(18 persons)(2)(19)
1,490,735
14.4
%
10,815,415
94.3
%
87.7
%
†
Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each person or entity
named in the table is c/o Pulitzer Inc., 900 North Tucker
Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri63101.
*
Represents less than 1% of the outstanding common stock.
**
Represents less than 1% of the aggregate voting power of common
stock and Class B common stock.
(1)
The Trustees of the Pulitzer Inc. Voting Trust are David E.
Moore, Michael E. Pulitzer, Emily Rauh Pulitzer, Alan G.
Silverglat, Ellen Soeteber and Robert C. Woodworth. The Pulitzer
Inc. Voting Trust and each of the individual Trustees may be
reached at 900 North Tucker Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri63101.
(2)
Excludes shares that would otherwise be deemed to be
beneficially owned solely because of service as a trustee of the
Pulitzer Inc. Voting Trust.
(3)
Represents 6,477,439 shares held in trusts. These shares
are beneficially owned by Mrs. Pulitzer.
Includes 1,438,716 shares held in trust and
22,780 shares held in a private foundation. These shares
are beneficially owned by Mr. Pulitzer. Also includes
1,000 shares held in trust for the benefit of the wife of
Michael E. Pulitzer. Mr. Pulitzer disclaims beneficial
ownership of these shares.
(5)
Includes 264,800 shares of common stock which may be
acquired upon the exercise of options under the Pulitzer Inc.
2003 Incentive Plan which are exercisable within 60 days of
the date hereof.
(6)
Includes 50,998 shares of Class B common stock and
182 shares of common stock beneficially owned by the wife
of David E. Moore. Mr. Moore disclaims beneficial ownership
of these shares.
(7)
Includes 37,003 shares beneficially owned by the wife and a
daughter of Richard W. Moore. Mr. Moore disclaims
beneficial ownership of these shares.
(8)
Includes 18,000 shares which may be acquired upon the
exercise of options under the 2003 Incentive Plan which are
exercisable within 60 days of the date hereof and
391 shares of restricted stock under the 2003 Incentive
Plan, subject to a one-year vesting condition.
(9)
Includes 12,000 shares which may be acquired upon the
exercise of options under the 2003 Incentive Plan which are
exercisable within 60 days of the date hereof and
391 shares of restricted stock under the 2003 Incentive
Plan, subject to a one-year vesting condition.
(10)
Represents shares which may be acquired upon the exercise of
options under the 2003 Incentive Plan which are exercisable
within 60 days of the date hereof. Does not include
78,080 shares covered by vested restricted stock units
which are not distributable within 60 days of the date
hereof.
(11)
Includes 22,070 shares which may be acquired upon the
exercise of options under the 2003 Incentive Plan which are
exercisable within 60 days of the date hereof and
391 shares of restricted stock under the 2003 Incentive
Plan, subject to a one-year vesting condition.
(12)
Includes 72,500 shares which may be acquired upon the
exercise of options under the 2003 Incentive Plan which are
exercisable within 60 days of the date hereof.
(13)
Mr. Contreras resigned from Pulitzer effective
January 3, 2005.
(14)
Includes 162,801 shares which may be acquired upon the
exercise of options under the 2003 Incentive Plan which are
exercisable within 60 days of the date hereof and
5,949 shares of restricted stock under the Pulitzer Inc.
2003 Incentive Plan, subject to a three-year vesting condition.
(15)
Represents shares which may be acquired upon the exercise of
options under the 2003 Incentive Plan which are exercisable
within 60 days of the date hereof.
(16)
This figure is based on information set forth in
Schedule 13G, dated, March 9, 2005, filed by
Castlerigg Master Investments LTD and certain entities
affiliated with Castlerigg Master Investments LTD with the
Securities and Exchange Commission. The Schedule 13G states
that each of (i) Castlerigg Master Investments LTD,
(ii) Sandell Asset Management, (iii) Castlerigg
International Limited, (iv) Castlerigg International
Holdings Limited, and (v) Thomas E. Sandell has the shared
power to vote, or direct the vote of, and the shared power to
dispose, or direct the disposition of, 589,400 of such shares.
(17)
This figure is based on information set forth in Amendment
No. 31 to the Schedule 13D, dated January 27,2005, filed by Gabelli Asset Management Inc. and certain
entities affiliated with Gabelli Asset Management Inc. with the
Securities and Exchange Commission. The Schedule 13D states
that (i) Gabelli Funds, LLC has the sole power to vote, or
direct the vote of, and the sole power to dispose or direct the
disposition of, 471,000 of such shares, (ii) GAMCO
Investors, Inc. has the sole power to vote, or direct the vote
of, 2,982,164 of such shares and the sole power to dispose, or
direct the disposition of, 3,246,652 of such shares, and
(iii) MJG Associates, Inc. has the sole power to vote, or
direct the vote of, 3,000 of such shares and the sole power to
dispose, or direct the disposition of, 3,000 of such shares
(18)
This figure is based on information set forth in Amendment
No. 1 to the Schedule 13G, dated January 26,2005, filed by Wachovia Corporation with the Securities and
Exchange Commission. The Schedule 13G states that Wachovia
Corporation has the sole power to vote, or direct the vote of,
568,849 of such shares, has the shared power to vote, or direct
the vote of 600 of such shares and the sole power to dispose, or
direct the disposition of 557,349 of such shares.
(19)
Includes 1,259,356 shares which may be acquired upon the
exercise of options under the 2003 Incentive Plan which are
exercisable within 60 days of the date hereof.
Voting Trust
As of February 25, 2005, stockholders of Pulitzer holding
10,948,995 shares of Class B common stock,
representing approximately 87.5% of the combined voting power of
Pulitzer’s outstanding common stock and Class B common
stock, are parties to an agreement providing for the creation of
a voting trust (the “voting trust”). These
Class B stockholders have deposited their shares of
Class B common stock into the voting trust and have
received from the voting trust one or more certificates
(“voting trust certificates”) evidencing their
interest in the shares so deposited.
The current trustees of the voting trust are David E. Moore,
Michael E. Pulitzer, Emily Rauh Pulitzer, Alan G. Silverglat,
Ellen Soeteber and Robert C. Woodworth (the
“trustees”). The trustees
generally have all voting rights with respect to the shares of
Class B common stock subject to the voting trust. However,
in connection with certain matters, including the proposal for
adoption of the merger agreement, the trustees may not vote the
shares deposited in the voting trust except in accordance with
written instructions from the holders of the voting trust
certificates. Holders of voting trust certificates representing
at least 10,695,604 shares of Class B common stock (or
approximately 85.5% of the aggregate voting power of the
outstanding shares of our common stock and Class B common
stock as of February 25, 2005) are expected to direct the
trustees to vote in favor of adoption of the merger agreement.
The voting trust permits the conversion of the Class B
common stock deposited in the voting trust into common stock in
connection with certain permitted transfers, including, without
limitation, sales that are exempt from the registration
requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, sales
that meet the volume and manner of sale requirements of
Rule 144 promulgated thereunder and sales that are made
pursuant to registered public offerings. The voting trust may be
terminated with the written consent of holders of two-thirds of
the shares of Class B common stock deposited in the voting
trust. Unless extended or terminated by the parties thereto, the
voting trust expires on March 18, 2009.
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, if you do not wish
to accept the cash payment provided for in the merger agreement,
you may exercise your appraisal rights and receive payment in
cash for the fair value of your Pulitzer common stock and
Class B common stock, as determined by the Delaware Court
of Chancery. Our stockholders electing to exercise appraisal
rights must comply strictly with the provisions of
Section 262 of the Delaware General Corporation Law in
order to perfect their appraisal rights. In this proxy
statement, we refer to the Delaware Court of Chancery as the
“Chancery Court.”
The following is intended as a brief summary of the material
provisions of the Delaware statutory procedures required to be
followed by a stockholder in order to dissent from the merger
and perfect appraisal rights. This summary, however, is not a
complete statement of all applicable requirements and is
qualified in its entirety by reference to Section 262 of
the Delaware General Corporation Law, the full text of which
appears in Annex C of this proxy statement.
Section 262 requires that stockholders be notified that
appraisal rights will be available not less than 20 days
before the special meeting to vote on the merger. A copy of
Section 262 must be included with such notice. This proxy
statement constitutes our notice to our stockholders of the
availability of appraisal rights in connection with the merger
in compliance with the requirements of Section 262. If you
wish to consider exercising your appraisal rights, you should
carefully review the text of Section 262 contained in
Annex C, because failure to timely and properly comply with
the requirements of Section 262 will result in the loss of
your appraisal rights under Delaware law.
If you elect to demand appraisal of your shares, you must
satisfy each of the following conditions:
•
You must deliver to us a written demand for appraisal of your
shares before the vote with respect to the merger agreement is
taken at the special meeting. This written demand for appraisal
must be in addition to and separate from any proxy or vote
abstaining from or voting against adoption of the merger
agreement. Voting against or failing to vote for adoption of the
merger agreement by itself does not constitute a demand for
appraisal within the meaning of Section 262.
•
You must not vote in favor of adoption of the merger agreement.
A vote in favor of adoption of the merger agreement, by proxy or
in person, will result in a loss of your appraisal rights and
will nullify any previously filed written demands for appraisal.
If you fail to comply with either of these conditions and the
merger is completed, you will be entitled to receive the cash
payment for your shares of our common stock and Class B
common stock as provided for in the merger agreement and you
will not have appraisal rights with respect to your shares of
our common stock and Class B common stock.
All demands for appraisal should be addressed to Pulitzer Inc.,
900 North Tucker Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri63101,
Attention: James V. Maloney, Secretary, and must be received
before the vote on the merger is taken at the special meeting.
The demand must reasonably inform us of the identity of the
stockholder and the intention of the stockholder to demand
appraisal of his, her or its shares.
Within ten days after the effective time of the merger, the
surviving corporation must give written notice that the merger
has become effective to each Pulitzer stockholder who has
properly filed a written demand for appraisal and who did not
vote in favor of adoption of the merger agreement. At any time
within 60 days after the effective time, any stockholder
who has demanded an appraisal has the right to withdraw the
demand and to accept the cash payment specified by the merger
agreement for his, her or its shares of our common stock and
Class B common stock. Within 120 days after the
effective time, either the surviving corporation or any
stockholder who has complied with the requirements of
Section 262 may file a petition in the Chancery Court
demanding a determination of the fair value of the shares held
by all stockholders entitled to appraisal. The surviving
corporation has no obligation to file such a petition in the
event there are dissenting stockholders. Accordingly, the
failure of any stockholder to file such a petition within the
period specified could nullify any stockholder’s previously
written demand for appraisal.
If a petition for appraisal is duly filed by a stockholder and a
copy of the petition is delivered to the surviving corporation,
the surviving corporation will then be obligated, within
20 days after service of a copy of the petition, to provide
the office of the Register in Chancery with a duly verified list
containing the names and addresses of all stockholders who have
demanded payment for their shares and with whom agreements as to
the value of their shares have not been reached by the surviving
corporation. After notice to dissenting stockholders, the
Chancery Court is empowered to conduct a hearing upon the
petition, and to determine those stockholders who have complied
with Section 262 and who have become entitled to the
appraisal rights provided thereby. The Chancery Court may
require the stockholders who have demanded an appraisal for
their shares to submit their stock certificates to the Register
in Chancery for notation thereon of the pendency of the
appraisal proceedings; and if any stockholder fails to comply
with that direction, the Chancery Court may dismiss the
proceedings as to that stockholder.
After determination of the stockholders entitled to appraisal of
their shares of our common stock and Class B common stock,
the Chancery Court will appraise the shares, determining their
fair value exclusive of any element of value arising from the
accomplishment or expectation of the merger, together with a
fair rate of interest. When the value is determined, the
Chancery Court will direct the payment of such value, with
accrued interest, if any, to the stockholders entitled to
receive the same.
Although we believe that the consideration you will receive in
the merger is fair, no representation is made as to the outcome
of the appraisal of fair value as determined by the Chancery
Court. Stockholders should recognize that such an appraisal
could result in a determination of a value higher or lower than,
or the same as, the merger consideration. Moreover, Lee does not
anticipate offering more than the merger consideration to any
Pulitzer stockholder exercising appraisal rights and reserves
the right to assert, in any appraisal proceeding, that, for
purposes of Section 262, the “fair value” of our
common stock and Class B common stock per share is less
than the merger consideration. In determining “fair
value,” the Chancery Court is required to take into account
all relevant factors. In Weinberger v. UOP, Inc.,
the Delaware Supreme Court discussed the factors that could be
considered in determining fair value in an appraisal proceeding,
stating that “proof of value by any techniques or methods
which are generally considered acceptable in the financial
community and otherwise admissible in court” should be
considered and that “[f]air price obviously requires
consideration of all relevant factors involving the value of a
company.” The Delaware Supreme Court has stated that in
making this determination of fair value the court must consider
market value, asset value, dividends, earnings prospects, the
nature of the enterprise and any other facts which could be
ascertained as of the date of the merger which throw any light
on future prospects of the merged corporation. Section 262
provides that fair value is to be “exclusive of any element
of value arising from the accomplishment or expectation of the
merger.” In Cede & Co. v. Technicolor,
Inc., the Delaware Supreme Court stated that such exclusion
is a “narrow exclusion [that] does not encompass known
elements of value,” and applies only to the speculative
elements of value arising from such accomplishment or
expectation. In Weinberger, the Delaware Supreme Court
construed Section 262 to mean that “elements of future
value, including the nature of the enterprise, which are known
or susceptible of proof as of the date of the merger and not the
product of speculation, may be considered.”
Costs of the appraisal proceeding may be imposed upon the
surviving corporation and the stockholders participating in the
appraisal proceeding by the Chancery Court as the Chancery Court
deems equitable under the circumstances. Upon the application of
a stockholder, the Chancery Court may order all or a portion of
the expenses incurred by any stockholder in connection with the
appraisal proceeding, including, without limitation, reasonable
attorneys’ fees and the fees and expenses of experts, to be
charged pro rata against the value of all shares entitled to
appraisal. No stockholder who has properly demanded appraisal
rights will, from and after the effective time, be entitled to
vote shares subject to that demand for any purpose or to receive
payments of dividends or any other distribution with respect to
those shares, other than with respect to payment as of a record
date prior to the effective time; however, if no petition for
appraisal is filed within 120 days after the effective time
of the merger, or if such stockholder delivers a written
withdrawal of his, her or its demand for appraisal and an
acceptance of the terms of the merger within 60 days after
the effective time of the merger, then the right of that
stockholder to appraisal will cease and that stockholder will be
entitled to receive the cash payment for shares of his, her or
its Pulitzer
common stock and Class B common stock pursuant to the
merger agreement. Any withdrawal of a demand for appraisal made
more than 60 days after the effective time of the merger
may only be made with the written approval of the surviving
corporation. Additionally, no appraisal proceedings will be
dismissed as to any stockholder without the approval of the
Chancery Court, and such approval may be subject to such
conditions as the Chancery Court deems just.
In view of the complexity of Section 262, our
stockholders who may wish to dissent from the merger and pursue
appraisal rights should consult their legal advisors.
DEADLINE FOR RECEIPT OF STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS FOR FUTURE
ANNUAL MEETING
Pulitzer will only hold an annual meeting in 2005 if the merger
is not completed. In that event, in order to be included in the
proxy statement and form of proxy for our 2005 annual meeting,
stockholder proposals must have been received by us no later
than December 1, 2004.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
Pulitzer files annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy
statements and other information with the SEC. These reports,
proxy statements and other information contain additional
information about Pulitzer and will be made available for
inspection and copying at Pulitzer’s executive offices
during regular business hours by any Pulitzer stockholder or a
representative of a stockholder as so designated in writing.
Pulitzer stockholders may read and copy any reports, statements
or other information filed by Pulitzer at the SEC public
reference room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at
1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the
public reference rooms. Filings by Pulitzer with the SEC are
also available to the public from commercial document retrieval
services and at the website maintained by the SEC located at
www.sec.gov.
The SEC allows Pulitzer to “incorporate by reference”
information into this proxy statement. This means that Pulitzer
can disclose important information by referring to another
document filed separately with the SEC. The information
incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this proxy
statement. This proxy statement and the information that
Pulitzer files later with the SEC may update and supersede the
information incorporated by reference. Similarly, the
information that Pulitzer later files with the SEC may update
and supersede the information in this proxy statement.
Pulitzer incorporates by reference each document it files under
Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 after the date of the initial filing of
this proxy statement and before the special meeting. Pulitzer
also incorporates by reference into this proxy statement its
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 26, 2004 filed with the SEC under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934.
Pulitzer undertakes to provide without charge to each person to
whom a copy of this proxy statement has been delivered, upon
request, by first class mail or other equally prompt means,
within one business day of receipt of the request, a copy of any
or all of the documents incorporated by reference into this
proxy statement, other than the exhibits to these documents,
unless the exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference
into the information that this proxy statement incorporates.
Requests for copies of Pulitzer filings should be directed to
James V. Maloney, Secretary, Pulitzer Inc., 900 North Tucker
Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri63101-1069. Pulitzer’s
public filings are available through Pulitzer’s website at
www.pulitzerinc.com.
Document requests to Pulitzer should be made
by ,
2005 in order to receive them before the special meeting.
The proxy statement does not constitute an offer to sell, or a
solicitation of an offer to buy, any securities, or the
solicitation of a proxy, in any jurisdiction to or from any
person to whom it is not lawful
to make any offer or solicitation in that jurisdiction. The
delivery of this proxy statement should not create an
implication that there has been no change in the affairs of
Pulitzer since the date of this proxy statement or that the
information in this proxy statement is correct as of any later
date.
Stockholders should not rely on information other than that
contained or incorporated by reference in this proxy statement.
Pulitzer has not authorized anyone to provide information that
is different from that contained in this proxy statement. This
proxy statement is
dated ,
2005. No assumption should be made that the information
contained in this proxy statement is accurate as of any date
other than that date, and the mailing of this proxy statement
will not create any implication to the contrary.
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this “Agreement”) dated
as of January 29, 2005, among Pulitzer Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the “Company”), Lee Enterprises,
Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (“Parent”), and
LP Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Parent (“Purchaser”).
RECITALS:
WHEREAS, the respective Boards of Directors of Parent, Purchaser
and the Company have determined that it is in the best interests
of their respective stockholders for Parent to acquire the
Company on the terms and conditions set forth herein, and the
Boards of Directors of the Company and the Purchaser have
declared this Agreement advisable; and
WHEREAS, to effectuate the acquisition, it is proposed that the
Purchaser be merged with and into the Company, with the Company
continuing as the surviving corporation in the merger (the
“Merger”), on the terms and subject to the conditions
set forth in this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the
respective representations, warranties, covenants and agreements
contained in this Agreement, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01 Definitions.
Each of the following terms is defined in the Section set forth
opposite such term.
Section 2.01 The
Merger. At the Effective Time and upon the terms and subject
to the conditions of this Agreement, Purchaser shall be merged
with and into the Company in accordance with applicable law,
whereupon the separate existence of Purchaser shall cease, and
the Company shall be the surviving corporation (the
“Surviving Corporation”).
Section 2.02 Effective
Time. As soon as practicable after satisfaction or, to the
extent permitted hereunder, waiver of all conditions to the
Merger set forth in Article 7, the Company and Purchaser
will file a certificate of merger, in the form of Annex A
attached hereto, with the Office of the Secretary of State of
the State of Delaware (the “Filing Office”) and make
all other filings or recordings required by applicable law in
connection with the Merger. The Merger shall become effective at
such time (the “Effective Time”) as the certificate of
merger is duly filed with the Filing Office or at such later
time as the parties hereto may agree upon and specify in the
certificate of merger.
Section 2.03 Closing.
The closing of the Merger will take place at 10:00 a.m. on
a date to be specified by the parties, which shall be no later
than the second Business Day after satisfaction or waiver of the
conditions set forth in Article 7 (other than those
conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the
closing, but subject to the fulfillment or waiver of those
conditions), at the offices of Fulbright & Jaworski
L.L.P., 666 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York10103, unless the
parties agree to another time, date or place in writing.
Section 2.04 Effects
of the Merger. From and after the Effective Time, the
Surviving Corporation shall possess all the rights, powers,
privileges and franchises and be subject to all of the
obligations, liabilities, restrictions and disabilities of the
Company and Purchaser, all as provided under applicable law.
Section 2.05 Certificate
of Incorporation. The certificate of incorporation of the
Surviving Corporation shall be amended as a result of the Merger
to be substantially similar to the certificate of incorporation
of the Purchaser immediately prior to the Effective Time until
amended in accordance with applicable law, except that
Article First thereof shall read as follows: “The name
of the corporation is Pulitzer Inc.”
Section 2.06 By-laws.
The by-laws of the Purchaser at the Effective Time shall be the
by-laws of the Surviving Corporation until amended in accordance
with applicable law.
Section 2.07 Directors
and Officers. From and after the Effective Time, until
successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified in
accordance with applicable law, (a) the directors of
Purchaser at the Effective Time shall be the directors of the
Surviving Corporation and (b) the officers of the Purchaser
at the Effective Time shall be the officers of the Surviving
Corporation. If requested by Parent, the Company shall deliver
the resignations of its directors and officers of the Company
and its Subsidiaries effective as of the Effective Time.
Section 2.08 Company
Action.The Company hereby represents and warrants that its
Board of Directors, at a meeting duly called and held on
January 29, 2005, acting by unanimous vote, has
(a) determined that this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby, including the Merger (collectively, the
“Transactions”), are advisable and fair to and in the
best interests of the Company and the Company’s
stockholders and declared this Agreement advisable and that the
Merger Consideration to be paid for the Company Common Stock is
fair to the holders of such shares, (b) approved and
adopted this Agreement and the Transactions, including the
Merger, which, assuming the truth and accuracy of the
representation of Parent and Purchaser in Section 5.07
hereof, makes inapplicable to this Agreement and the
Transactions the restrictions on “business
combinations” set forth in Section 203
(“Section 203”) of the General Corporation Law of
the State of Delaware (the “Delaware Law”) or any
similar restrictions set forth in any certificate of
incorporation, by-law, voting trust or other agreement as to
which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party without
any further action on the part of the stockholders or the Board
of Directors of the Company, (c) resolved to recommend that
the stockholders of the Company vote to approve and adopt this
Agreement and the Merger, (d) determined that no other
state takeover statute is applicable to the Transactions and
(e) determined that the consummation of the Transactions
does not constitute an unpermitted transfer of any Company
Securities under the Company’s certificate of
incorporation. Copies of the Board of Directors resolutions
confirming such actions have been provided to Parent.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, such recommendation may be
withdrawn, modified or amended as permitted by Section 6.05.
ARTICLE 3
EFFECT OF THE MERGER ON THE CAPITAL
STOCK OF THE CONSTITUENT CORPORATIONS;
EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES
Section 3.01 Conversion
of Stock. At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and
without any other action on the part of the holder thereof:
(a) each share of the Company’s common stock,
$.01 par value (the “Common Stock”), and each
share of the Company’s Class B common stock,
$.01 par value (the “Class B Common Stock”
and, together with the Common Stock, the “Company Common
Stock”), outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time shall, except as otherwise provided in Section 3.01(b)
or as provided in Section 3.03 with respect to shares as to
which appraisal rights have been demanded, be converted into the
right to receive from the Surviving Corporation, in cash,
without interest, an amount equal to $64.00 per share (the
“Merger Consideration”), as provided in
Section 3.02;
(b) each share of Company Common Stock held by the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries as treasury stock or owned by Parent
or any Subsidiary of Parent immediately prior to the Effective
Time shall be canceled and no payment shall be made with respect
thereto; and
(c) each share of common stock of Purchaser outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into
and become one share of common stock of the Surviving
Corporation with the same rights and powers as the shares so
converted and shall constitute the only outstanding shares of
capital stock of the Surviving Corporation.
Section 3.02 Payment
for Shares in the Merger. (a) Prior to the mailing of
the Proxy Statement, Parent shall appoint an agent (the
“Paying Agent”) reasonably acceptable to the Company
for the purpose of exchanging certificates (the
“Certificates”) representing shares of the Company
Common Stock for the Merger Consideration. At the Effective
Time, Parent or Purchaser shall deposit with the Paying Agent,
in trust for the benefit of the Company’s stockholders,
cash in immediately available funds sufficient to pay the Merger
Consideration to be paid in respect of each share of Company
Common Stock (such cash being hereinafter referred to as the
“Payment Fund”); provided, however, that no such
deposit shall relieve Parent or Purchaser of its obligation to
pay the aggregate Merger Consideration pursuant to
Section 3.01(a). The Payment Fund shall not be used for any
other purpose. The Payment Fund shall be invested by the Paying
Agent as directed by Parent or the Surviving Corporation pending
payment thereof by the Paying Agent to the holders of the
Certificates. Earnings from such investment shall be the sole
and exclusive property of Parent and the Surviving Corporation,
and no part of such earnings shall accrue to the benefit of
holders of Certificates. For purposes of determining the amount
of the Payment Fund to be made available, Parent shall assume
that no holder of shares of Company Common Stock will demand
appraisal rights with respect to such shares.
(b) As soon as practicable after the Effective Time, Parent
will cause the Paying Agent to send to each holder of shares of
Company Common Stock at the Effective Time (other than holders
of Certificates referred to in Section 3.01(b) or
Section 3.03) a letter of transmittal (which shall specify
that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title
shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the Certificates to the
Paying Agent and will be in such form and have such other
provisions as Parent and the Company reasonably specify) and
instructions for use in effecting the surrender of
Certificate(s) for payment therefor.
(c) Each holder of shares of Company Common Stock that have
been converted into the right to receive the Merger
Consideration will be entitled to receive, upon surrender to the
Paying Agent of a Certificate, together with a properly
completed letter of transmittal, the Merger Consideration in
respect of each share of Company Common Stock represented by
such Certificate. Until so surrendered, each such Certificate
shall represent after the Effective Time for all purposes only
the right to receive such Merger Consideration. No interest will
be paid or will accrue on the Merger Consideration payable upon
surrender of any Certificate.
(d) If any portion of the Payment Fund is to be paid to a
Person other than the Person in whose name a surrendered
Certificate is registered, it shall be a condition to such
payment that the Certificate so surrendered shall be properly
endorsed or otherwise be in proper form for transfer and that
the Person requesting such payment shall pay to the Paying Agent
any transfer or other Taxes required as a result of such payment
to a Person other than the registered holder of such Certificate
or establish to the satisfaction of the Paying Agent that such
Tax has been paid or is not payable. Each of the Surviving
Corporation and Parent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold
from the consideration otherwise payable to any Person pursuant
to this Article 3 such amounts as it is required to deduct
and withhold with respect to the making of such payment under
any provision of federal, state, local or foreign Tax law. If
the Surviving Corporation or Parent, as the case may be, so
withholds amounts, such amounts shall be treated for all
purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of
the shares of Company Common Stock in respect of which the
Surviving Corporation or Parent, as the case may be, made such
deduction and withholding.
(e) If any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or
destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the
Person claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed
and, if required by the Surviving Corporation, the posting by
such Person of a bond, in such reasonable amount as the
Surviving Corporation may direct, as indemnity against any claim
that may be made against it with respect to such
Certificate, the Paying Agent will pay, in exchange for such
lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate, the Merger Consideration
to be paid in respect of each share of Company Common Stock
represented by such Certificate, as contemplated by this Article.
(f) After the Effective Time, the stock transfer books of
the Company shall be closed and there shall be no further
registration of transfers of shares of Company Common Stock. If,
after the Effective Time, Certificates are presented to the
Surviving Corporation, they shall be canceled and exchanged for
the Merger Consideration to be paid in respect of each share of
Company Common Stock represented by such Certificate, as
provided for, and in accordance with the procedures set forth,
in this Article 3.
(g) Any portion of the Payment Fund (and any interest or
other income earned thereon) that remains unclaimed by the
holders of shares of Company Common Stock one year after the
Effective Time shall be returned to Parent, upon demand, and any
such holder who has not exchanged each share of Company Common
Stock for the Merger Consideration in accordance with this
Section 3.02 prior to that time shall thereafter look only
to the Surviving Corporation for payment of the Merger
Consideration in respect of each such share without any interest
thereon. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither the Paying Agent
nor any party hereto shall be liable to any holder of shares of
Company Common Stock for any amount paid to a public official
pursuant to applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar
laws. Any amounts remaining unclaimed by holders of shares of
Company Common Stock three years after the Effective Time (or
such earlier date immediately prior to such time when the
amounts would otherwise escheat to or become property of any
Governmental Entity) shall become, to the extent permitted by
applicable law, the property of Parent free and clear of any
claims or interest of any Person previously entitled thereto.
The Surviving Corporation shall pay all charges and expenses of
the Paying Agent.
Section 3.03 Dissenting
Shares. Each share of Company Common Stock that is issued
and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and that
is held by a holder who has not voted such share in favor of the
Merger, who shall have delivered a written demand for appraisal
of such share in the manner provided by Delaware Law and who, as
of the Effective Time, shall not have effectively withdrawn or
lost such right to appraisal (each such share, a
“Dissenting Share”) shall not be converted into a
right to receive the Merger Consideration. The holders thereof
shall be entitled only to such rights as are granted by
Section 262 of the Delaware Law
(“Section 262”). Each holder of Dissenting Shares
who becomes entitled to payment for such shares pursuant to
Section 262 shall receive payment therefor from the
Surviving Corporation in accordance with Delaware Law; provided,
however, that (i) if any such holder of Dissenting Shares
shall have failed to establish his or her entitlement to
appraisal rights as provided in Section 262, (ii) if
any such holder of Dissenting Shares shall have effectively
withdrawn his or her demand for appraisal of such shares or lost
his or her right to appraisal and payment for shares under
Section 262 or (iii) if neither any holder of
Dissenting Shares nor the Surviving Corporation shall have filed
a petition demanding a determination of the value of all
Dissenting Shares within the time provided in Section 262,
such holder shall forfeit the right to appraisal of such shares
and each such share shall be treated as if it had been
converted, as of the Effective Time, into a right to receive the
Merger Consideration, without interest thereon, from the
Surviving Corporation. The Company shall give Parent prompt
notice of any demands received by the Company for appraisal of
shares of Company Common Stock, and Parent shall have the right
to participate in all negotiations and proceedings with respect
to such demands. The Company shall not, except with the prior
written consent of Parent, make any payment with respect to, or
settle or offer to settle, any such demands.
Section 3.04 Stock
Options and other Equity Awards. Immediately prior to the
Effective Time, the Company shall cause each then outstanding
option to purchase Company Common Stock (a “Company Stock
Option”) and each then outstanding restricted stock unit (a
“Company RSU”) granted under the Company’s equity
compensation plans to be converted into the right to receive a
cash payment which, in the case of a Company Stock Option, shall
be equal to the product of (i) the excess, if any, of the
Merger Consideration per share of Company Common Stock over the
exercise price per share, and (ii) the number of shares of
Company Common Stock covered by the Company Stock Option, and,
in the case of a Company RSU, shall be equal to the Merger
Consideration per share of Company Common Stock covered by the
Company RSU. The Company shall make such payments at the
Effective Time or
make appropriate arrangements to have such payments made as soon
as practicable after the Effective Time, subject to applicable
income and employment Tax withholding. At the Effective Time,
any previously outstanding Company Stock Option which shall not
have been exercised or converted into cash or the right to
receive cash will be terminated. Immediately prior to the
Effective Time, any then outstanding restricted shares of
Company Common Stock held under the Company’s equity
compensation plans shall be fully vested and shall be subject to
the provisions of Section 3.01 of this Agreement.
Section 3.05 Adjustments.
If, during the period between the date of this Agreement and the
Effective Time, any change in the outstanding shares of capital
stock of the Company shall occur by reason of any
reclassification, recapitalization, stock split or combination,
exchange or readjustment of shares, or stock dividend thereon or
other similar event with a record date during such period, the
Merger Consideration and any other amounts payable pursuant to
this Agreement shall be appropriately adjusted.
Except as set forth in the disclosure memorandum delivered by
the Company to Parent on the date hereof and attached hereto
(the “Company Disclosure Memorandum”) (it being
understood and agreed that any matter disclosed in a section of
the Company Disclosure Memorandum shall be treated as if it were
disclosed in other sections of the Company Disclosure Memorandum
to which it reasonably applies) or in the Company SEC Reports
filed prior to the date hereof, the Company represents and
warrants to Parent and Purchaser as follows:
Section 4.01 Organization
and Qualification; Subsidiaries. Each of the Company and its
Subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and in good
standing under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is
organized and has the requisite power and authority to carry on
its business as now being conducted. Each of the Company and its
Subsidiaries is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is
in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its
business or the ownership or leasing of its properties makes
such qualification or licensing necessary, other than in such
jurisdictions where the failure to be so qualified or licensed,
individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. As
used in this Agreement, “Material Adverse Effect”
means, except as otherwise provided in Sections 7.02, 7.03
and 8.01(d)(i), any change, effect, event, occurrence or state
of facts (or any development that has had or is reasonably
likely to have any change or effect) that is, individually or in
the aggregate, materially adverse to the business, property,
assets, liabilities, financial condition or results of
operations of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, in the case of
Parent, or the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries,
in the case of the Company, or which would prevent or materially
delay the consummation of the Transactions; provided, however,
that none of the following shall be deemed in themselves, either
alone or in combination, to constitute, and none of the
following shall be taken into account in determining whether
there has been, a Material Adverse Effect: (i) any adverse
change in the market price or trading volume of the capital
stock of such Person after the date hereof; provided, however,
that this clause (i) shall not exclude any underlying
event, occurrence, development or circumstance which may have
caused such change in stock price or trading volume;
(ii) any adverse event, occurrence or development affecting
any of the industries in which such Person operates generally
(to the extent that such events, occurrences or developments do
not disproportionately affect such Person as compared to other
companies in such industries); (iii) changes, events or
occurrences in financial, credit, banking or securities markets
(including any disruption thereof); (iv) any adverse
change, event, development or effect arising from or relating to
general business or economic conditions (including the business
of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, in the case of Parent, and
the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries, in the case
of the Company) which does not relate only to Parent or any of
its Subsidiaries, in the case of Parent, or the Company or any
of its Significant Subsidiaries, in the case of the Company;
(v) any adverse change, event, development or effect
attributable to the announcement or pendency of the
Transactions, or resulting from or relating to compliance with
the terms of, or the taking of any action required by, this
Agreement; (vi) any adverse change, event, development or
effect arising from or relating to national or international
political or social conditions, including the engagement by the
United States in hostilities or the escalation thereof, whether
or not pursuant to the declaration of a national emergency or
war, or the occurrence of any military or terrorist attack
anywhere in the world; and (vii) any adverse change, event,
development or effect arising from or relating to laws, rules,
regulations, orders or other binding directives issued by any
Governmental Entity that do not relate only to Parent or any of
its Subsidiaries, in the case of Parent, or the Company or any
of its Significant Subsidiaries, in the case of the Company. The
term “Subsidiary,” with respect to any Person, means
any corporation or other legal entity of which such Person
Controls (either alone or through or together with any other
Subsidiary), directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the
capital stock or other ownership interests the holders of which
are generally entitled to vote for the election of the Board of
Directors or other governing body of such corporation or other
legal entity. The Company Disclosure Memorandum lists each
Subsidiary of the Company. The Company has made available to
Parent complete and correct copies of its certificate of
incorporation and by-laws and the certificates of incorporation
and by-laws (or comparable charter documents) of its
Subsidiaries, in each case as amended to the date hereof. Except
as set forth in the Company Disclosure Memorandum, all of the
outstanding shares of capital stock or other ownership interests
of each Subsidiary have been validly issued and are fully paid
and nonassessable and owned by the Company, by another
Subsidiary of the Company or by the Company and another such
Subsidiary, free and clear of all material pledges, claims,
liens, charges, encumbrances and security interests of any kind
or nature whatsoever (collectively, “Liens”), and free
of any restriction on the right to vote, sell or otherwise
dispose of such capital stock or other ownership interests,
except for restrictions imposed by applicable securities laws.
Except as set forth in the Company Disclosure Memorandum, there
are no outstanding (i) securities of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries convertible into or exchangeable for shares of
capital stock or other ownership interests in any Subsidiary of
the Company or (ii) options or other rights to acquire from
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or other obligation of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, any capital
stock or other ownership interests in, or any securities
convertible into or exchangeable for any capital stock or other
ownership interests in, any Subsidiary of the Company. Except as
set forth in the Company Disclosure Memorandum, and except for
ownership of less than 1% in any publicly traded company and the
capital stock or other ownership interests of its Subsidiaries,
the Company does not own, directly or indirectly, any capital
stock or other ownership interest in any corporation,
partnership, joint venture or other entity.
Section 4.02 Capitalization.
(a) The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of
300,000,000 shares of common stock, $.01 par value per
share, of which 100,000,000 shares have been designated as
Common Stock and 100,000,000 shares have been designated as
Class B Common Stock, and 100,000,000 shares of
preferred stock, $.01 par value per share. As of
December 26, 2004 there were outstanding:
(i) 10,044,697 shares of Common Stock, of which
5,137 shares were held by the Company in its treasury;
(ii) 11,660,942 shares of Class B Common Stock;
(iii) Company Stock Options to purchase an aggregate of
2,486,132 shares of Common Stock; and (iv) Company
RSUs for an aggregate of 139,680 shares of Common Stock.
Since December 26, 2004, there have been no issuances of
shares of the capital stock of the Company or any other
securities of the Company except (A) in connection with the
satisfaction of Company RSUs or the exercise of Company Stock
Options outstanding on such date, (B) issuances of shares
of Common Stock upon conversion of shares of Class B Common
Stock outstanding on such date or (C) purchases pursuant to
any employee stock purchase plan. All shares of Company Common
Stock outstanding as of the date hereof have been duly
authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and
nonassessable and not subject to preemptive rights. All shares
of Company Common Stock issuable in connection with the
satisfaction of Company RSUs, the exercise of outstanding
Company Stock Options, purchases pursuant to any employee stock
purchase plan or conversion of outstanding shares of
Class B Common Stock have been duly authorized and, when
issued in accordance with the terms thereof, will be validly
issued and will be fully paid and nonassessable.
(b) Except as described in Section 4.02(a), there are
no outstanding (i) shares of capital stock or voting
securities of the Company, (ii) securities of the Company
convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock or
voting securities of the Company or (iii) options or other
rights to acquire from the Company or other obligation of the
Company to issue or sell, or cause to be issued or sold, any
capital stock, voting securities or securities convertible into
or exchangeable for capital stock or voting securities of
the Company (the items in clauses (i), (ii) and
(iii) being referred to collectively as the “Company
Securities”). Except as contemplated by this Agreement and
the Voting Trust Agreement, there are no outstanding
obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to
(1) repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of the
Company Securities, (2) vote or dispose of any shares of
capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
(3) register any Company Securities under the Securities
Act or any state securities law or (4) grant preemptive or
anti-dilutive rights with respect to any Company Securities.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has adopted a stockholder
rights plan.
(c) There are no bonds, debentures, notes or other
indebtedness of the Company having the right to vote (or
convertible into securities having the right to vote) on any
matters on which stockholders of the Company may vote.
(d) Except for the Pulitzer Inc. Voting
Trust Agreement, dated as of March 18, 1999 (the
“Voting Trust Agreement”), there are no voting
trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party with respect to
the voting of the capital stock of the Company.
Section 4.03 Corporate
Authorization.The Company has the requisite corporate power
and authority to enter into this Agreement and, subject to the
stockholders of the Company adopting this Agreement at the
Company Stockholder Meeting, to consummate the Transactions. The
execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the
Company and the consummation by the Company of the Transactions
have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on
the part of the Company and no other corporate proceedings on
the part of the Company are necessary to authorize this
Agreement or to consummate the Transactions, subject to approval
and adoption of this Agreement by the Company’s
stockholders. This Agreement has been duly executed and
delivered by the Company and (assuming that this Agreement
constitutes a valid and binding agreement of Parent and
Purchaser) constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the
Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its
terms, except that such enforceability (i) may be limited
by bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium or other similar laws
affecting or relating to the enforcement of creditors’
rights generally and (ii) is subject to general principles
of equity.
Section 4.04 Governmental
Authorization. No consent, approval, order or authorization
of, or registration, declaration or filing with, any federal,
state or local government or any court, administrative agency,
commission or other governmental authority or agency, domestic
or foreign, or the Financial Accounting Standards Board (a
“Governmental Entity”), is required by or with respect
to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge
of the Company, TNI Partners in connection with the execution
and delivery of this Agreement by the Company or the
consummation by the Company of the Transactions, except for
(a) the filing of a premerger notification and report form
by the Company and the trustees under the Voting Trust Agreement
under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976,
as amended (the “HSR Act”), and expiration or
termination of the waiting period thereunder and filings
pursuant to similar applicable competition, merger control,
antitrust or other laws, (b) the filing with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) of (i) a
proxy statement relating to the Company Stockholder Meeting (as
amended or supplemented from time to time, the “Proxy
Statement”), and (ii) such reports under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange
Act”), as may be required in connection with this Agreement
and the Transactions, (c) the filing of the certificate of
merger with the Filing Office and appropriate documents with the
relevant authorities of other states in which the Company is
qualified to do business, (d) in connection with any state
or local Tax which is attributable to the beneficial ownership
of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ real property,
if any, (e) as may be required by any applicable state
securities or “blue sky” laws or state takeover laws,
(f) such filings and consents as may be required under any
environmental, health or safety law or regulation pertaining to
any notification, disclosure or required approval triggered by
the Merger or the Transactions and (g) such other consents,
approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations
and filings the failure of which to be obtained or made would
not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to
have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
Section 4.05 Non-contravention.
The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company do
not and, subject to obtaining stockholder adoption of this
Agreement, performance by the Company of this Agreement and the
consummation of the Transactions will not (a) contravene,
conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of any
provision of the certificate of incorporation or by-laws of the
Company or similar organizational documents of any of its
Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners,
(b) assuming compliance with the matters referred to in
Section 4.04, contravene, conflict with, or result in a
violation or breach of any provision of any applicable law,
regulation, judgment, injunction, order or decree,
(c) require any consent or other action by any Person
under, constitute a default under, or cause or permit the
termination, cancellation, acceleration or other change of any
right or obligation or the loss of any benefit to which the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge of the
Company, TNI Partners is entitled under any provision of any
agreement or other instrument binding upon the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries or TNI Partners or any license, franchise,
permit, certificate, approval or other similar authorization
affecting, or relating in any way to, the assets or business of
the Company and its Subsidiaries and TNI Partners or
(d) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien on any
asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners, except, in the case of
clauses (b), (c) and (d), for such matters as would
not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to
have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
Section 4.06 SEC
Reports; Financial Statements. (a) The Company has
timely filed all required registration statements, prospectuses,
reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents
required to be filed by it with the SEC since January 1,2003 (the “Company SEC Reports”), and since
January 1, 2003, the Company has not made any request for
confidential treatment of any information. As of their
respective dates, the Company SEC Reports (i) were prepared
(and, those filed after the date hereof, will be prepared) in
accordance and (ii) complied (and, those filed after the
date hereof, will comply) as to form in all material respects
with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the “Securities Act”), or the Exchange Act, as the
case may be, and the rules and regulations of the SEC
promulgated thereunder applicable to such Company SEC Reports,
and none of the Company SEC Reports contained any untrue
statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which
they were made, not misleading. Except as disclosed in the
Company SEC Reports filed prior to the date hereof, the Company
has no relationships and related transactions required to be set
forth in Item 404 of Regulation S-K of the SEC. No
Subsidiary of the Company is subject to the periodic reporting
requirements of the Exchange Act.
(b) The financial statements of the Company included in the
Company SEC Reports filed after January 1, 2003 (including
the notes thereto) comply in all material respects with
applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and
regulations of the SEC with respect thereto, have been prepared
in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States of America (“GAAP”) (except, in the
case of unaudited statements, as permitted by Form 10-Q of
the SEC) applied on a consistent basis during the periods
involved (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto) and
present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated
financial position of the Company and its consolidated
Subsidiaries as of the dates thereof and the consolidated
results of their operations and cash flows for the periods then
ended (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to year-end
audit adjustments consistent with past practice).
(c) Except as and to the extent set forth in the December
Financial Statements or the Company Disclosure Memorandum, and
except for liabilities and obligations incurred in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice which would not
have, or would not reasonably be expected to have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company,
neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any
liabilities or obligations of any nature (whether or not
accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise).
Section 4.07 Absence
of Certain Changes or Events. Since December 26, 2004,
except as set forth in the Company Disclosure Memorandum or the
Company SEC Reports filed prior to the date hereof, (a) the
Company, its Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company,
TNI Partners have
conducted their business only in the ordinary course consistent
with past practice and there have not occurred any events,
changes, effects or developments that have had, or would
reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the
aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and
(b) neither the Company nor any of its Significant
Subsidiaries has taken any action that, if taken during the
period from the date of this Agreement through the Effective
Time, would constitute a material breach of Section 6.01.
Section 4.08 Litigation.
Except as disclosed in the Company Disclosure Memorandum or the
Company SEC Reports filed prior to the date hereof, there is no
suit, action or proceeding pending or, to the Knowledge of the
Company, threatened in writing against or affecting the Company,
any of its Subsidiaries or TNI Partners that, individually or in
the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect on the Company, nor is there any judgment,
decree, injunction, rule or order of or, to the Knowledge of the
Company, any investigation or review pending or threatened by
any Governmental Entity or arbitrator outstanding against, or
with respect to, in each case the Company, any of its
Subsidiaries or TNI Partners having, or which, insofar as
reasonably can be foreseen, in the future would have, any such
effect.
Section 4.09 Compliance
with Laws. The respective businesses of the Company, its
Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners
are being conducted in compliance with all applicable statutes,
laws, ordinances, regulations, rules, judgments, decrees and
orders of any Governmental Entity applicable to their respective
businesses or operations, except for instances of noncompliance
that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company
(provided that no representation or warranty is made in this
Section 4.09 with respect to Environmental Laws). Each of
the Company, its Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the
Company, TNI Partners holds and has in effect all federal,
state, local and foreign governmental approvals, authorizations,
certificates, filings, franchises, licenses, notices, permits
and rights (“Permits”) necessary for it to own, lease
or operate its properties and assets and to carry on its
business as now conducted, except for the lack of Permits which,
individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
Neither the Company, any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the
Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners is in default under any
Permit, except for defaults which, individually or in the
aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect on the Company.
Section 4.10 Taxes.
(a) Except as provided in the Company Disclosure
Memorandum, (i) the Company, each of its Subsidiaries and,
to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners has filed or will
file (or has had filed or will have filed on its behalf) prior
to or as of the Effective Time all material Tax Returns which it
has been or will be required to file prior to or as of the
Effective Time and has paid or will pay (or has had paid or will
have paid on its behalf) prior to or as of the Effective Time
all Taxes required to be paid by the Company, each of its
Subsidiaries and TNI Partners as shown on such Tax Returns,
prior to or as of the Effective Time, except for Taxes being
contested in good faith by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries
or TNI Partners; (ii) the most recent financial statements
contained in the Company SEC Reports and the financial
statements of the Company as of and for the period ended
December 26, 2004 included in Section 4.06 of the
Company Disclosure Memorandum (the “December Financial
Statements”) reflect an adequate provision in accordance
with GAAP for all Taxes payable by the Company, any of its
Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners
(limited to the extent of Star Publishing Company’s
allocable share of TNI Partners’ liability for Taxes)
accrued through the date of such financial statements;
(iii) neither the Company, any of its Subsidiaries nor, to
the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners has waived any
statute of limitations in respect of the assessment and
collection of Taxes or agreed to any extension of time with
respect to a Tax assessment or deficiency; and (iv) there
are no material assessments or adjustments that have been
asserted in writing against the Company, any of its Subsidiaries
or, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners for any period
for which the Company has not made appropriate provision in
accordance with GAAP in the most recent financial statements
contained in the Company SEC Reports and the December Financial
Statements.
(b) All Tax Returns filed prior to or as of the Effective
Time by or on behalf of the Company and its Subsidiaries and, to
the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners are, or will be at
the time of filing, true and complete in all material respects,
and neither the Company nor, while a member of the consolidated
group of corporations of which the Company is the common parent
(the “Company Group”), any of its Subsidiaries or, to
the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners has engaged in any
“listed transactions” identified by the Internal
Revenue Service (the “IRS”) in Notice 2004-67 or
any subsequent IRS Notice identifying “listed
transactions.”
(c) Except as provided in the Company Disclosure
Memorandum, the consolidated federal income Tax Returns filed by
the Company and its Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the
Company, TNI Partners for all Tax years ended on or before
December 31, 2000 either (i) have been examined and
settled with the IRS, or (ii) the applicable statutes of
limitation for the assessment of federal income Taxes for such
Tax years have expired.
(d) There are no material Liens or encumbrances for Taxes
on any assets of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners other than Liens for
Taxes not yet due and payable.
(e) The Company and, while a member of the Company Group,
each of its Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company,
TNI Partners has complied in all material respects with all
applicable laws, rules and regulations relating to the payment
and withholding of Taxes.
(f) Except as provided in the Company Disclosure
Memorandum, no federal, state, local or foreign examinations,
audits or administrative proceedings are pending with regard to
any material Taxes or Tax Return of the Company, any of its
Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners
and neither the Company, any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the
Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners has received a written
notice proposing the conduct of any such examination, audit or
proceeding.
(g) Except as set forth in the Company Disclosure
Memorandum, there are no Tax sharing, allocation or similar
agreements in effect as between the Company or any predecessor
or Affiliate thereof and any other Person (including any
stockholder of the Company, in the capacity of a stockholder,
and any of such stockholder’s predecessors or Affiliates)
under which the Parent, the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or,
to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners or any stockholder
could be liable for any Taxes or other claims of such other
Person.
(h) As used herein,
(i) “Taxes” shall mean any and all taxes,
charges, fees, levies or other assessments, including income,
gross receipts, excise, real or personal property, sales,
withholding, estimated taxes, social security, retirement,
unemployment, occupation, use, goods and services, service use,
license, value added, capital, net worth, payroll, profits,
withholding, franchise, business, unclaimed property, escheat,
transfer and recording taxes, fees and charges, and any other
taxes, assessments or similar charges imposed by the IRS or any
taxing authority (whether domestic or foreign, including any
state, county, local or foreign government or any subdivision or
taxing agency thereof (including a United States possession)) (a
“Taxing Authority”), whether computed on a separate,
consolidated, unitary, combined or any other basis; and such
term shall include any interest whether paid or received, fines,
penalties or additional amounts attributable to, or imposed
upon, or with respect to, any such taxes, charges, fees, levies
or other assessments; and
(ii) “Tax Return” shall mean any report, return,
document, declaration or other information or filing required to
be supplied to any Taxing Authority or jurisdiction (foreign or
domestic) with respect to Taxes, including information returns,
any documents with respect to or accompanying payments of
estimated Taxes, or with respect to or accompanying requests for
the extension of time in which to file any such report, return,
document, declaration or other information.
Section 4.11 Employee
Plans. (a) Section 4.11 of the Company Disclosure
Memorandum lists each “employee benefit plan,” as
defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income
Security
Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), other than a
“multiemployer plan” within the meaning of
Section 3(37) of ERISA (“Multiemployer Plan”),
whether or not subject to ERISA, and each other employment,
severance, incentive, retention, change in control or other
material compensatory plan, policy, agreement or arrangement and
the maximum liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries and,
to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners thereunder that
(i) is maintained or contributed to by the Company, any of
its Subsidiaries or TNI Partners and (ii) covers any
director, employee or former employee of the Company, any of its
Subsidiaries or TNI Partners (collectively, the “Employee
Plans”). Subject to data protection or other law concerning
the disclosure of personal data, the Company has made available
to Parent copies of the Employee Plans (and, if applicable,
related trust agreements or other funding arrangements) and all
amendments thereto.
(b) Each Employee Plan (and with respect to TNI Partners,
to the Knowledge of the Company) that is intended to qualify
under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
as amended (the “Code”), meets, in all material
respects, the applicable requirements of the Code and is covered
by a determination letter issued by the IRS after
January 1, 1994 with respect to each plan and trust and
each amendment thereto or such plan and trust and/or amendment
are covered under the remedial amendment period provided under
Code Section 401(b). Each Employee Plan (and with respect
to TNI Partners, to the Knowledge of the Company) has been
administered in compliance with its terms and with the
requirements of applicable law, including but not limited to
ERISA, the Code and applicable case law, and the Company has
received no notice from any Governmental Entity questioning such
plan’s compliance with applicable law, except where the
failure to so administer would not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company.
(c) With respect to any Employee Plan covered by
Title I of ERISA (and with respect to TNI Partners, to the
Knowledge of the Company), no non-exempt transaction prohibited
by Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code
has occurred which will cause the Company or TNI Partners to
incur a liability under ERISA or the Code that would reasonably
be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. No
“accumulated funding deficiency,” as defined in
Section 412 of the Code (and with respect to TNI Partners,
to the Knowledge of the Company), has been incurred with respect
to any Employee Plan subject to such Section 412, whether
or not waived. No “reportable event,” within the
meaning of Section 4043 of ERISA, other than a
“reportable event” for which the 30-day notice period
has been waived, that would reasonably be expected to have,
individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on
the Company (and with respect to TNI Partners, to the Knowledge
of the Company), has occurred in connection with any Employee
Plan that is subject to Title IV of ERISA. Neither the
Company nor any entity that, together with the Company, would be
treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Code
(an “ERISA Affiliate”) (and with respect to TNI
Partners, to the Knowledge of the Company) has engaged in a
transaction described in Sections 4069 or 4212(c) of ERISA
or has incurred, or reasonably expects to incur prior to the
Effective Time, any liability under Title IV of ERISA
arising in connection with the termination of, or a complete or
partial withdrawal from, any plan covered by Title IV of
ERISA that could become a liability of the Company, Parent or
any ERISA Affiliate after the Effective Time, other than a
liability that would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company. Without limiting the foregoing, the minimum employer
contributions required by law (and with respect to TNI Partners,
to the Knowledge of the Company) have been made with respect to
each Employee Plan.
(d) There has been (and with respect to TNI Partners, to
the Knowledge of the Company) no failure of any Employee Plan
which is a group health plan (as defined in
Section 5000(b)(1) of the Code) to meet the requirements of
Code Section 4980B(f) with respect to a qualified
beneficiary (as defined in Section 4980B(g)), other than a
failure that would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company.
(e) Except as set forth in the Company Disclosure
Memorandum or as set forth in this Agreement, no director,
employee or former employee of the Company or any Subsidiary
thereof or, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners will
become entitled to any material bonus, retirement, severance,
retention, change in control or similar benefit (including
acceleration of vesting or exercise of an
incentive award) as a result of the Transactions, and there is
no contract, plan, program or arrangement covering any employee
or former employee of the Company or any Subsidiary thereof or,
to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners that, individually
or collectively, would reasonably be expected to give rise to a
payment that would not be deductible by Parent, the Company or
any Subsidiary thereof or TNI Partners by reason of
Section 280G of the Code as a result of the Transactions or
as a result of termination of employment in connection therewith.
(f) With respect to each Employee Plan, where applicable,
the Company or, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners
has provided, made available or will make available upon request
to Parent, true and complete copies of (i) the most recent
IRS Form 5500 filing (including, if applicable,
Schedule B thereto), (ii) the most recent financial
statement, and (iii) the most recent actuarial report and
Form PBGC-1 filing.
(g) Section 4.11(g) of the Company Disclosure
Memorandum lists each Multiemployer Plan to which the Company,
any of its Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI
Partners is required to contribute. Neither the Company, any of
its Subsidiaries nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI
Partners has incurred a liability under Title IV of ERISA
with respect to a Multiemployer Plan (including, without
limitation, liability resulting from a complete or partial
withdrawal) which has not been satisfied and which would
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company.
(h) Except as provided in the Company Disclosure
Memorandum, the Company and, to the Knowledge of the Company,
TNI Partners has made no promises, representations or
affirmations to participants or retirees in relation to ongoing
retiree health benefits that would give rise to binding
obligations.
(i) Section 4.11 of the Company Disclosure Memorandum
lists and, to the Knowledge of the Company, with respect to TNI
Partners, each “voluntary employees beneficiary
association” (within the meaning of Section 501(c)(9)
of the Code) and since March 18, 1999, there have been no
other “welfare benefit funds” relating to employees or
former employees within the meaning of Section 419 of the
Code.
Section 4.12 Environmental
Matters. (a) Except as set forth in the Company
Disclosure Memorandum or as would not reasonably be expected to
have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company:
(i) since March 18, 1999, no written notice, demand,
request for information, citation, summons or order has been
received, and no penalty has been assessed, which
(a) alleges a violation by the Company or any Significant
Subsidiary or, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners of
any Environmental Law, (b) requires the investigation or
remediation of any Hazardous Waste by the Company or any
Significant Subsidiary or, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI
Partners, or (c) alleges the Company or any of its
Significant Subsidiaries is liable, or potentially liable, for
any investigation, remediation or response costs under any
Environmental Law;
(ii) no action, suit, proceeding or, to the Knowledge of
the Company, investigation is pending or, to the Knowledge of
the Company, threatened by any Governmental Entity which alleges
a violation by the Company or any Significant Subsidiary or TNI
Partners of any Environmental Law;
(iii) to the Knowledge of the Company, the Company and its
Significant Subsidiaries and TNI Partners are in compliance with
all applicable Environmental Laws and all Environmental
Permits; and
(iv) in connection with the real property owned or leased
by the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners, or to the Knowledge of
the Company with respect to any real property formerly owned or
leased by the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries or
TNI Partners, (A) no release, emission, or discharge into
the environment of hazardous materials has occurred since
March 18, 1999 or is presently occurring in reportable
quantities under any Environmental Law and (B) since
March 19, 1999 no Hazardous Waste, including
polychlorinated biphenyls (“PCBs”), has been disposed
of by the Company or its Significant Subsidiaries or TNI
Partners or any other Person except in compliance with
applicable Environmental Laws.
(b) As used herein,
(i) “Environmental Laws” means any federal,
state, local or foreign law, regulation, rule, order or decree,
in each case as in effect on the date hereof, relating to
pollution, protection of the environment, regulation or control
of Hazardous Wastes;
(ii) “Environmental Permits” means all permits,
licenses, certificates or approvals necessary for the operations
of the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries or TNI
Partners as currently conducted to comply with all applicable
Environmental Laws; and
(iii) “Hazardous Waste” shall mean any substance
or material defined or classified as a “hazardous
substance,”“hazardous waste,”“hazardous
material” or toxic substance under any Environmental Law.
Section 4.13 Intellectual
Property. (a) (i) No Company Intellectual Property
Right is subject to any outstanding judgment, injunction, order,
decree or, to the Knowledge of the Company, agreement,
restricting the use thereof by the Company or any of its
Significant Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
TNI Partners or restricting the licensing thereof by the Company
or any of its Significant Subsidiaries or TNI Partners to any
Person, except for any judgment, injunction, order, decree or
agreement which would not reasonably be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company; (ii) since
December 26, 2004, neither the Company, any of its
Significant Subsidiaries nor, to the Knowledge of the Company,
TNI Partners has been a party to any action, suit, investigation
or proceeding relating to, or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
otherwise has been notified of, any alleged claim of
infringement of any Intellectual Property Right of any other
Person; and (iii) the Company and its Significant
Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners
have no outstanding claim or suit for any continuing
infringement by any other Person of any Company Intellectual
Property Rights and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no Person
is infringing the rights of the Company or any of its
Significant Subsidiaries or TNI Partners with respect to any
Company Intellectual Property Right.
(b) Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries and, to the
Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners owns or is validly
licensed or otherwise has the right to use all Company
Intellectual Property Rights used in the conduct of its
business, except where the failure to own or possess such rights
would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably expected
to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
(c) As used herein,
(i) “Company Intellectual Property Rights” means
all Intellectual Property Rights owned by or licensed to and
used or held for use by the Company or any of its Significant
Subsidiaries or TNI Partners; and
(ii) “Intellectual Property Right” means any
trademark, service mark, corporate name and trade name, mask
work, invention, patent, trade secret, copyright, know-how
(including any registrations or applications for registration of
any of the foregoing), customer list or any other similar type
of proprietary intellectual property right.
Section 4.14 Certain
Contracts. Except as set forth in the Company SEC Reports
filed prior to the date hereof or the Company Disclosure
Memorandum, neither the Company, any of its Significant
Subsidiaries nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners
is a party to or bound by any “material contracts” (as
such term is defined in Item 601(b)(10) of
Regulation S-K of the SEC) or “definitive material
agreement” (as such term is defined in Item 1.01 of
Form 8-K of the SEC) (“material contracts” and
“definitive material agreement” are collectively,
“Material Contract(s)”). Section 4.14 of the
Company Disclosure Memorandum lists any contract, agreement or
other arrangement involving an executory obligation for the sale
or trade of advertising during the term thereof of more than
$2,000,000 to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or,
to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners is a
party. All of the contracts, agreements or other arrangements of
the Company and its Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the
Company, TNI Partners (a) for the purchase of newsprint
from the suppliers thereof which are material and (b) of
any agent or consultant retained by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries or TNI Partners to advise them in the purchase of
newsprint are listed in Section 4.14 of the Company
Disclosure Memorandum. There is no Material Contract as to which
either the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries or, to
the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners is in material
violation or default. Neither the Company, any of its
Subsidiaries nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners
has received written notice from any third party alleging that
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or TNI Partners is in
violation of or in default under (nor does there exist any
condition which upon the passage of time or the giving of notice
would cause such a violation of or default under) any Material
Contract, except for violations or defaults that would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to
result in a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
Section 4.15 Employment
Matters. As of the date hereof, except as set forth on the
Company Disclosure Memorandum, there are no work stoppages,
strikes, collective labor grievances, other collective
bargaining disputes, charges or claims of unfair labor practices
pending or to the Knowledge of the Company threatened against
the Company or its Significant Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge
of the Company, TNI Partners which would, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company. The Company Disclosure Memorandum sets
forth all labor agreements, collective bargaining agreements and
similar agreements or arrangements to which the Company or any
of its Significant Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge of the
Company, TNI Partners is a party. The Company and its
Significant Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company,
TNI Partners are in compliance in all material respects with
applicable labor law. Except as set forth in the Company
Disclosure Memorandum, to the Knowledge of the Company as of the
date hereof, there are no organizational efforts presently being
made or threatened by or on behalf of any labor union with
respect to employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
or TNI Partners.
Section 4.16 Finders’
Fees. Except for Goldman, Sachs & Co. and Huntleigh
Securities Corporation, copies of whose engagement agreements
have been provided to Parent, there is no investment banker,
broker or finder that has been retained by or is authorized to
act on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to
the Knowledge of the Company, TNI Partners who is entitled to
any fee or commission from the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries or TNI Partners in connection with the
Transactions. The Company and TNI Partners, to the Knowledge of
the Company, are not obligated or committed to pay the legal
fees or related expenses of any stockholder or employee of the
Company in connection with this Agreement and the Transactions,
other than as disclosed in the Company Disclosure Memorandum or
as required by the Company’s Restated Certificate of
Incorporation (as to which, to the Knowledge of the Company, no
claims are pending or threatened).
Section 4.17 Opinion
of Financial Advisor.The Company has received the opinion
of Goldman, Sachs & Co. (the “Goldman, Sachs
Fairness Opinion”), dated as of the date of this Agreement,
to the effect that, as of the date of this Agreement, the Merger
Consideration is fair to the holders of Company Common Stock
from a financial point of view. A complete and correct signed
copy of such opinion will be delivered to Parent as soon as
practicable after the date of this Agreement and such opinion
shall not have been withdrawn.
Section 4.18 Voting
Requirements. The affirmative vote of the holders of a
majority of the aggregate voting power of the outstanding shares
of Common Stock and Class B Common Stock, voting together
as a single class, adopting this Agreement is the only vote of
the holders of any class or series of the Company’s capital
stock necessary, under applicable law or otherwise, to adopt
this Agreement (the “Required Vote”).
Section 4.19 Circulation.
For each of the publications of the Company’s Significant
Subsidiaries and TNI Partners subject to the Audit Bureau of
Circulations, the circulation as reported by the Audit Bureau of
Circulations for the periods ended March 2004 and September 2004
(or, if such other dates, the
two most recent available periods) (with respect to TNI
Partners, to the Knowledge of the Company) is true and correct
in all material respects.
Section 4.20 Disclaimer.
EXCEPT FOR THE REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES EXPRESSLY STATED
IN ARTICLE 4 OF THIS AGREEMENT, THE COMPANY DISCLAIMS ALL
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
ARTICLE 5
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND PURCHASER
Parent and Purchaser, jointly and severally, represent and
warrant to the Company that:
Section 5.01 Organization,
Standing and Corporate Power. Each of Parent and Purchaser
is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good
standing under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is
incorporated and has the requisite corporate power and authority
to carry on its business as now being conducted. Each of Parent
and Purchaser is duly qualified or licensed to do business and
is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of
its business or the ownership or leasing of its properties makes
such qualification or licensing necessary, other than in such
jurisdictions where the failure to be so qualified or licensed
(individually or in the aggregate) would not reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent. Purchaser
was formed solely for the purpose of engaging in the
Transactions and since the date of its formation has engaged in
no activities other than in connection with or as contemplated
by this Agreement or in connection with arranging any financing
required to consummate the Transactions.
Section 5.02 Corporate
Authorization. Parent and Purchaser have all requisite
corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and
to consummate the Transactions. The Board of Directors of
Purchaser has declared advisable this Agreement. The execution,
delivery and performance of this Agreement, and the consummation
of the Transactions, in each case by Parent and/or Purchaser, as
the case may be, have been duly authorized by all necessary
corporate action on the part of Parent and Purchaser and no
other corporate proceedings on the part of the Parent or
Purchaser are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to
consummate the Transactions (subject, in the case of Purchaser,
to approval and the execution and delivery to Purchaser by
Parent, as the sole stockholder of Purchaser, of a unanimous
written consent adopting this Agreement). This Agreement has
been duly executed and delivered by Parent and Purchaser and
(assuming that this Agreement constitutes a valid and binding
agreement of the Company) constitutes a valid and binding
obligation of each such party, enforceable against each such
party in accordance with its terms, except that such
enforceability (i) may be limited by bankruptcy,
insolvency, moratorium or other similar laws affecting or
relating to the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally
and (ii) is subject to general principles of equity.
Section 5.03 Governmental
Authorization. No consent, approval, order or authorization
of, or registration, declaration or filing with, any
Governmental Entity is required by or with respect to Parent,
Purchaser or any other Subsidiary of Parent in connection with
the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and
Purchaser or the consummation by Parent and Purchaser of the
Transactions, except for (a) the filing of a premerger
notification and report form under the HSR Act and expiration or
termination of the waiting period thereunder and filings
pursuant to similar applicable competition, merger control,
antitrust or other laws, (b) the filing with the SEC of
such reports under the Exchange Act as may be required in
connection with this Agreement and the Transactions,
(c) the filing of the certificate of merger with the Filing
Office and appropriate documents with the relevant authorities
of other states in which the Company is qualified to do
business, (d) as may be required by any applicable state
securities or “blue sky” laws or state takeover laws
and (e) such other consents, approvals, orders,
authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings the
failure of which to be obtained or made would not, individually
or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect on Parent or Purchaser.
Section 5.04 Non-contravention.
The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and
Purchaser do not and performance by Parent and Purchaser of this
Agreement and the consummation by Parent and Purchaser of the
Transactions will not (a) contravene, conflict with, or
result in any violation or breach of any provision of the
certificate of incorporation or by-laws of Parent or Purchaser,
(b) assuming compliance with the matters referred to in
Section 5.03, contravene, conflict with or result in a
violation or breach of any provision of any applicable law,
regulation, judgment, injunction, order or decree or
(c) require any consent or other action by any Person
under, constitute a default under, or cause or permit the
termination, cancellation, acceleration or other change of any
right or obligation or the loss of any benefit to which Parent
or Purchaser is entitled under any provision of any agreement or
other instrument binding upon Parent or Purchaser, except, in
the case of clauses (b) and (c), for such matters as would
not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to
have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent or Purchaser or
materially impair the ability of Parent or Purchaser to
consummate the Transactions on the terms and conditions provided
for herein.
Section 5.05 Litigation.
There is no suit, action or proceeding pending or, to the
Knowledge of Parent or Purchaser, threatened in writing against
or affecting the Parent, any Subsidiary of Parent or Purchaser
that would reasonably be expected to prevent or substantially
delay any of the Transactions or otherwise materially impair the
ability of the Parent or Purchaser to consummate the
Transactions on the terms and conditions provided for herein,
nor is there any judgment, decree, injunction, rule or order of
any Governmental Entity or arbitrator outstanding against the
Parent or Purchaser or any other Subsidiary of Parent having, or
which, insofar as reasonably can be foreseen, in the future
would have, any such effect.
Section 5.06 Financial
Capability. Parent has, and shall cause Purchaser to have,
sufficient funds to consummate the Transactions, including
payment in full for all shares of Company Common Stock (on a
fully-diluted basis) outstanding at the Effective Time and to
pay all fees and expenses related to the Transactions.
Section 5.07 Interested
Stockholder. Neither Parent nor any of its affiliates or
associates (as each such term is defined in Section 203)
was, at any time from January 1, 2001 until the execution
and delivery of this Agreement, an “interested
stockholder” (as such term is defined in Section 203)
of the Company.
Section 5.08 Solvency.
Parent and Purchaser are not entering into the Transactions with
actual intent to hinder, delay or defraud either present or
future creditors. Immediately following the Effective Time and
after giving effect to the Transactions, the financing thereof
and the transactions contemplated or required by the financing
thereof, Parent, the Surviving Corporation and their
Subsidiaries will each be Solvent, assuming that the Company and
its Subsidiaries are Solvent immediately prior to the Effective
Time.
ARTICLE 6
COVENANTS
Section 6.01 Conduct
of Business by the Company. From the date hereof until the
Effective Time, the Company shall, and shall cause its
Subsidiaries to, conduct their business in the ordinary course
consistent with past practice and use their commercially
reasonable efforts to preserve intact their business
organizations and relationships with third parties. Without
limiting the generality of the foregoing, except with the
consent of Parent, as expressly contemplated or permitted by
this Agreement, or as set forth in Section 6.01 of the
Company Disclosure Memorandum, from the date hereof until the
Effective Time the Company shall not, and shall not permit any
of its Subsidiaries to:
(a) declare, set aside or pay any dividend or other
distribution with respect to any share of its capital stock,
other than (i) regular quarterly cash dividends on the
outstanding Common Stock and Class B Common Stock
consistent with past practice in an amount no greater than
$0.20 per share per
quarter and (ii) dividends and other distributions paid by
any Subsidiary of the Company to the Company or any other
Subsidiary of the Company;
(b) split, combine or reclassify any of its capital stock
or issue or authorize the issuance of any other securities in
respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its
capital stock, except as permitted under Section 6.01(d);
(c) repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of
capital stock or other securities of, or other ownership
interests in, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
(d) issue any shares of Company Common Stock, or any
securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for
shares of Company Common Stock, or any rights, warrants or
options to acquire any shares of Company Common Stock, other
than (i) issuances pursuant to Company Stock Options or
Company RSUs that are outstanding on the date hereof,
(ii) issuances pursuant to any employee stock purchase plan
as permitted under Section 6.08(g) and (iii) the
issuance of shares of Common Stock upon conversion of shares of
Class B Common Stock;
(f) acquire or agree to acquire (i) by merging or
consolidating with, or by purchasing a substantial portion of
the assets of, or by any other manner, any business or any
corporation, partnership, joint venture, association or other
business organization or division thereof, (ii) any assets
that are material, individually or in the aggregate, to the
Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole or
(iii) except for acquisitions which individually or in the
aggregate do not exceed $500,000, any home delivery, single copy
or other type of distribution business involving the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries’ circulation operations;
(g) except in the ordinary course of business consistent
with past practice, sell, lease, license, mortgage or otherwise
encumber or subject to any Lien (other than (i) Liens
arising out of Taxes not yet due and payable or which are being
contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings,
(ii) materialmen’s, mechanics’, carrier’s,
workmen’s, repairmen’s, warehousemen’s or other
like Liens, (iii) Liens or minor imperfections of title
that do not materially impair the continued use and operation of
the assets to which they relate and (iv) with respect to
leased property, the terms and conditions of the respective
leases) or otherwise dispose of any of its properties or assets
which are material, individually or in the aggregate, to the
Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole;
(h) except for the items currently contracted for by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries at the date hereof or listed
in Section 6.01(h) of the Company Disclosure Memorandum,
make or agree to make any new capital expenditure or
expenditures other than those which are individually not in
excess of $35,000;
(i) incur any indebtedness for borrowed money or guarantee
any such indebtedness of another Person (other than its
Subsidiaries), issue or sell any debt securities or warrants or
other rights to acquire any debt securities, or guarantee any
debt securities of another Person (other than its Subsidiaries),
except pursuant to written commitments existing at the date
hereof and except for the endorsement of checks and the
extension of credit in the normal course of business, or make
any loans (other than as permitted under any qualified
retirement plan set forth in Section 4.11 of the Company
Disclosure Memorandum), advances or capital contributions to, or
investments in, any other Person, other than (i) any of its
Subsidiaries, (ii) advances to employees in accordance with
past practice or (iii) pursuant to written commitments
existing at the date hereof;
(j) except as required under any existing collective
bargaining agreement or as may be mutually agreed upon between
Parent and the Company, enter into or adopt any new, or increase
benefits under, amend, modify or renew or terminate any
existing, Employee Plan or benefit arrangement or any collective
bargaining agreement, other than as required by law or
regulation;
(k) except to the extent required by any existing
collective bargaining agreement or by written agreements
existing on the date of this Agreement and disclosed in the
Company Disclosure Memorandum, increase the wages, salaries or
bonus compensation payable or to become payable to its
directors, officers, management personnel or employees not
covered by a collective bargaining agreement, other than in
accordance with budgets approved by the Company and existing on
the date hereof or as mutually agreed upon by Parent and the
Company;
(l) enter into any (i) contracts of employment,
retention or similar agreement or (ii) severance provisions
except for those which do not exceed $150,000 in the aggregate;
(m) adopt any change in its accounting policies, procedures
or practices other than as required by the SEC, GAAP, by law or
regulation or by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board;
(n) make any Tax election that is material to the Company
and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole or settle or compromise
any income Tax liability that is material to the Company and its
Subsidiaries taken as a whole, except for (i) any income
Tax liability for which the Company has made appropriate
provision in accordance with GAAP in the December Financial
Statements and (ii) the settlement of the matters described
in Section 4.10 of the Company Disclosure Memorandum on the
basis specified therein;
(o) except as otherwise expressly contemplated or permitted
by this Section 6.01, (i) enter into any contract or
agreement that is material to the Company or any of its
Significant Subsidiaries, (ii) modify, amend or terminate
or, except with respect to advertising contracts whose term is
one year or less, renew any contract or agreement to which the
Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries is a party that
is material to the Company or any of its Significant
Subsidiaries, (iii) increase the single copy or home
delivery prices of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch or
(iv) develop new or alter existing products including
newspaper redesign, zoning, editioning and other related
activities; provided that Parent shall not unreasonably withhold
consent to any of the actions described in subsections
(i) and (ii) above;
(p) agree to settle (i) any litigation listed in the
Company Disclosure Memorandum except as expressly contemplated
in Section 6.01(p) of the Company Disclosure Memorandum and
except for settlements of not greater than $250,000 individually
or $1,000,000 in the aggregate, or (ii) any litigation
commenced after the date of this Agreement against the Company,
any of its Subsidiaries or any of its directors by any
stockholder of the Company relating to the Merger, Merger
Consideration, this Agreement or the Transactions, without the
prior written consent of Parent, which consent will not be
unreasonably withheld;
(q) with respect to each funded Employee Plan, make any
contributions required to be made by the Company and any of its
Subsidiaries in excess of the minimum amount required by ERISA
or the Code; or
(r) agree or commit to do any of the foregoing.
Section 6.02 Other
Actions.The Company, Parent and Purchaser shall not, and
shall not permit any of their respective Subsidiaries to,
knowingly take any action that would, or that could reasonably
be expected to, result in (i) any of their respective
representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement that
are qualified as to materiality becoming untrue, (ii) any
of such representations and warranties that are not so qualified
becoming untrue so as to have a Material Adverse Effect or
(iii) any of the conditions to the Merger set forth in
Article 7 not being satisfied (subject to the
Company’s right to take action specifically permitted by
Section 6.05). Promptly following the execution and
delivery of this Agreement, Parent, as the sole stockholder of
Purchaser, shall execute and deliver a unanimous written consent
adopting this Agreement.
Section 6.03 Stockholder
Meeting; Proxy Material. Subject to Section 6.05:
(a) The Company shall cause a meeting of its stockholders
(the “Company Stockholder Meeting”) to be duly called
and held as soon as reasonably practicable for the purpose of
voting on the adoption of this Agreement. At the Company
Stockholder Meeting, Parent shall cause all of the shares of
Company Common Stock then owned Beneficially or of record by
Parent, Purchaser or any of their Subsidiaries to be voted in
favor of the adoption of this Agreement and shall include in the
Proxy Statement a recommendation of the Board of Directors that
the stockholders of the Company vote to approve and adopt this
Agreement.
(b) The Company will use reasonable efforts to prepare and
file on or before March 12, 2005 a preliminary Proxy
Statement with the SEC and will use its commercially reasonable
efforts to respond to any comments of the SEC or its staff and
to cause the Proxy Statement to be mailed to the Company’s
stockholders as promptly as practicable after responding to all
such comments to the satisfaction of the staff. The Company
shall give Parent and its counsel the opportunity to review the
Proxy Statement and all amendments and supplements thereto,
prior to their being filed with the SEC. The Company will notify
Parent promptly of the receipt of any comments from the SEC or
its staff and of any request by the SEC or its staff for
amendments or supplements to the Proxy Statement or for
additional information and will supply Parent with copies of all
correspondence between the Company or any of its
representatives, on the one hand, and the SEC or its staff, on
the other hand, with respect to the Proxy Statement or the
Merger. If at any time prior to the Company Stockholder Meeting
there shall occur any event that should be set forth in an
amendment or supplement to the Proxy Statement, the Company will
promptly prepare and mail to its stockholders such an amendment
or supplement.
(c) None of the information supplied by the Company for
inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Proxy Statement
or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto will, at the time
the Proxy Statement or any amendment thereof or supplement
thereto is first mailed to the Company’s stockholders and
at the time of the Company Stockholder Meeting, contain any
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in
order to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they are made, not misleading, except
that no representation, warranty or covenant is made by the
Company with respect to statements made or incorporated by
reference therein based on information supplied by Parent or
Purchaser for inclusion or incorporation by reference therein.
The Proxy Statement will be prepared in accordance with and
comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements
of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.
(d) None of the information supplied by Parent or Purchaser
for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Proxy
Statement or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto will,
at the time the Proxy Statement or any amendment thereof or
supplement thereto is first mailed to the Company’s
stockholders and at the time of the Company Stockholder Meeting,
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in
order to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they are made, not misleading, except
that no representation, warranty or covenant is made by Parent
or Purchaser with respect to statements made or incorporated by
reference therein based on information supplied by the Company
for inclusion or incorporation by reference therein.
Section 6.04 Access
to Information. From the date hereof until the Effective
Time and subject to applicable law and the Confidentiality
Agreement dated as of October 11, 2004 between the Company
and Parent (the “Confidentiality Agreement”), the
Company shall (i) give Parent, its counsel, financial
advisors, auditors and other authorized representatives
reasonable access to the offices, properties, contracts, books
and records and personnel of the Company and its Subsidiaries,
(ii) furnish to Parent, its counsel, financial advisors,
auditors and other authorized representatives such financial and
operating data and other information relating to the Company and
its Subsidiaries as such Persons may reasonably request,
(iii) instruct the employees, counsel, financial advisors,
auditors and other authorized representatives of the Company and
its Subsidiaries to cooperate with Parent in its investigation
of the Company and its Subsidiaries, (iv) for the period
commencing as of December 27, 2004 and for each four or
five-week period thereafter through the Effective Time, deliver
to Parent no later than the twelfth Business Day after the end
of each period an unaudited, consolidated balance sheet for the
Company and its Subsidiaries for the portion of the fiscal year
ended as of the end of such period, and (v) deliver to
Parent (A) a draft of the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 26, 2004, within one day after the Audit Committee
of the Company’s Board of Directors reviews such draft and
(B) contemporaneously with the filing of the Company’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K, true and complete copies of the
audited consolidated statements of the financial position of the
Company and its Subsidiaries as of December 26, 2004 and
December 28, 2003 and the related consolidated statements
of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of
the three years in the period ended December 26, 2004,
included as part of the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed
with the SEC on or prior to the date of required filing with the
SEC, which shall present fairly, in all material respects, the
financial position of the Company at December 26, 2004 and
December 28, 2003 and the results of their operations and
their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 26, 2004, in conformity with GAAP and which shall
not reflect any material adverse change from the December
Financial Statements. Said audited consolidated financial
statements shall be accompanied by the opinion of
Deloitte & Touche LLP, the Company’s independent
public accountants, or such other independent public accountants
of national standing acceptable to Parent, if
Deloitte & Touche LLP has resigned or been dismissed
prior to the completion thereof, that the consolidated financial
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the
financial position of the Company at December 26, 2004 and
December 28, 2003, and the results of their operations and
their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 26, 2004, in conformity with GAAP. Any
investigation pursuant to this Section shall be conducted upon
two Business Days’ prior written notice to the Company,
during regular business hours and in such a manner so as not to
interfere unreasonably with the conduct of the business of the
Company and its Subsidiaries. No investigation conducted
pursuant to this Section shall affect or be deemed to modify any
representation or warranty made in this Agreement. Except as
required by law, Parent will hold, and will cause its officers,
directors, employees, accountants, counsel, consultants,
advisors and agents to hold, in confidence all documents and
information concerning the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
furnished to Parent or its Affiliates in connection with the
Transactions in accordance with the terms of the Confidentiality
Agreement.
Section 6.05 No
Solicitation; Other Offers. (a) From the date hereof
until the earlier of the Effective Time and the termination of
this Agreement in accordance with Article 8, the Company
and its Subsidiaries shall not, nor shall they permit any of
their Affiliates to, nor shall they authorize any of the
officers, directors, employees, investment bankers, consultants
and other agents and Affiliates of the Company and its
Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, (i) solicit,
initiate, encourage, induce or knowingly facilitate (including
by way of furnishing information) the submission of any
Acquisition Proposal or any inquiries with respect thereto,
(ii) engage in discussions or negotiations with any Person
concerning an Acquisition Proposal or knowingly facilitate any
effort or attempt to make an Acquisition Proposal or accept an
Acquisition Proposal or (iii) disclose any nonpublic
information relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
to any Person who, to the Knowledge of the Company, is making or
considering making, or who has made, an Acquisition Proposal.
The Company will notify Parent as promptly as practicable (but
in no event later than 24 hours) after receipt by the
Company of any Acquisition Proposal or any request for nonpublic
information relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
by any Person who, to the Knowledge of the Company, is making or
considering making or who has made, an Acquisition Proposal. The
Company shall provide such notice orally and in writing and
shall identify the Person making, and the terms and conditions
of, any such Acquisition Proposal or request. The Company shall
keep Parent informed of the status and details (including
amendments or proposed amendments) of any such Acquisition
Proposal or request. The Company shall, and shall cause its
Subsidiaries and the directors, employees and other agents of
the Company and its Subsidiaries to, cease immediately and cause
to be terminated all activities, discussions and negotiations,
if any, with any Persons conducted prior to the date hereof with
respect to any Acquisition Proposal and, to the extent within
its power, to recover or cause to be destroyed all information
concerning the Company and its Subsidiaries in the possession of
such Persons and their Affiliates, representatives and advisors.
(b) Notwithstanding the first sentence of
Section 6.05(a), the Company may, until the Company
Stockholder Meeting (the “Cutoff Date”), negotiate or
otherwise engage in substantive discussions with, and furnish
nonpublic information to, any Person in response to an
unsolicited Acquisition Proposal by such Person if (i) the
Company has complied with the terms of this Section 6.05,
(ii) the Board of
Directors of the Company determines in good faith that such
Acquisition Proposal could reasonably be expected to result in a
Superior Proposal and, after consultation with and receipt of
advice from outside legal counsel, that the failure to take such
action could reasonably be deemed to constitute a breach of its
fiduciary duties under applicable law, and (iii) such
Person executes a confidentiality agreement with terms no less
favorable to the Company than those contained in the
Confidentiality Agreement (including the standstill provisions
unless the Company shall have amended the Confidentiality
Agreement to modify the standstill provisions therein to be no
more restrictive of Parent than such Person is restricted
pursuant to such confidentiality agreement). The Company shall
provide Parent any information regarding the Company or its
Subsidiaries provided to any Person making an Acquisition
Proposal which was not previously provided to Parent. Nothing
contained in this Agreement shall prevent the Company or its
Board of Directors from complying with Rule 14d-9,
Item 1012(a) of Regulation M-A and Rule 14e-2
under the Exchange Act with respect to any Acquisition Proposal
or making any disclosure to the Company’s stockholders
required by applicable law or regulation.
(c) Except as permitted in this Section 6.05(c),
neither the Board of Directors of the Company nor any committee
thereof shall (i) withdraw or modify, or publicly propose
to withdraw or modify, in a manner adverse to Parent, or take
any action not explicitly permitted by this Agreement that would
be inconsistent with its approval of this Agreement and the
Merger or with the recommendation to stockholders referred to in
Section 2.08 hereof, (ii) approve or recommend, or
publicly propose to approve or recommend, any Acquisition
Proposal or (iii) cause the Company to enter into any
letter of intent, agreement in principle, acquisition agreement
or similar agreement related to any Acquisition Proposal.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, prior to the Cutoff Date, the
Board of Directors of the Company shall be permitted not to
recommend to its stockholders approval and adoption of this
Agreement and the Merger, or to withdraw, or modify in a manner
adverse to Parent, its recommendation to its stockholders
referred to in Section 2.08 hereof (each, an “Adverse
Recommendation Change”), but only if (i) the Company
has complied with the terms of this Section 6.05,
(ii) the Company has received an unsolicited Acquisition
Proposal which the Board of Directors determines in good faith
constitutes a Superior Proposal, (iii) the Board of
Directors of the Company determines in good faith, after
consultation with and receipt of advice from outside legal
counsel, that the failure to take such action could reasonably
be deemed to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties under
applicable law, (iv) the Company shall have delivered to
Parent a prior written notice advising Parent that it intends to
take such action, together with a full and complete copy of the
Superior Proposal at least three Business Days prior to the
Adverse Recommendation Change (it being understood and agreed
that any amendment to the financial terms or any other material
terms of such Superior Proposal shall require a new notice and a
new three-Business Day period), (v) the Company shall have
negotiated in good faith with Parent during such three-Business
Day period to make such amendments to the terms and conditions
of this Agreement as would enable the Board of Directors of the
Company to proceed with its recommendation of this Agreement (as
so amended) and the Merger and not make the Adverse
Recommendation Change, and (vi) prior to the expiration of
such three-Business Day period, Parent fails to make a proposal
to adjust the terms and conditions of this Agreement that the
Board of Directors of the Company determines in good faith
(after consultation with its financial advisors) to be at least
as favorable as the Superior Proposal.
(d) During the period from the date of this Agreement until
the Effective Time or earlier termination of this Agreement, the
Company shall not terminate, amend, modify or waive any
provision of any confidentiality or standstill agreement
relating to an Acquisition Proposal to which it or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party (other than any involving Parent or its
Subsidiaries). During such period, the Company agrees to
enforce, to the fullest extent permitted under applicable law,
the provisions of any such agreement, including obtaining
injunctions to prevent any breaches of such agreements and to
enforce specifically the terms and provisions thereof in any
court of the United States or any state thereof having
jurisdiction.
Section 6.06 Best
Efforts; Notification. (a) Upon the terms and subject
to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, each of the
parties agrees to use its best efforts to take, or cause to be
taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, and to
assist and cooperate with the other parties in doing, all
things necessary, proper or advisable to consummate and make
effective, in the most expeditious manner practicable, the
Merger and the other Transactions, including (i) the
obtaining of all necessary actions or nonactions, waivers,
consents and approvals from Governmental Entities and the making
of all necessary registrations and filings (including filings
with Governmental Entities, if any) and the taking of all
reasonable steps as may be necessary to avoid an action or
proceeding by any Governmental Entity, (ii) the obtaining
of all necessary consents, approvals or waivers from third
parties, (iii) the defending of any lawsuits or other legal
proceedings, whether judicial or administrative, challenging
this Agreement or the consummation of the Transactions,
including, without limitation, seeking to have any stay or
temporary restraining order entered by any court or other
Governmental Entity vacated or reversed and (iv) the
execution and delivery of any additional instruments necessary
to consummate the Transactions and to fully carry out the
purposes of this Agreement. In connection with and without
limiting the foregoing, the Company and its Board of Directors
shall, if any state takeover statute or similar statute or
regulation is or becomes applicable to the Merger, this
Agreement or the other Transactions, use their best efforts to
ensure that the Merger and the other Transactions may be
consummated as promptly as practicable on the terms set forth in
this Agreement and otherwise to minimize the effect of such
statute or regulation on the Merger and the other Transactions.
Nothing herein shall limit or affect the Company’s taking
actions specifically permitted by Section 6.05.
(b) In furtherance of and without limiting the above
provisions, each of the Company and Parent shall, as promptly as
practicable following the execution and delivery of this
Agreement (but in no event more than the tenth Business Day
thereafter), file with the United States Federal Trade
Commission (the “FTC”) and the United States
Department of Justice (the “DOJ”) the notification and
report form required for the Transactions and any supplemental
information requested in connection therewith pursuant to the
HSR Act. Any such notification and report form and supplemental
information shall be in substantial compliance with the
requirements of the HSR Act. Each of the Company and Parent
shall furnish to the other such necessary information and
reasonable assistance as the other may request in connection
with its preparation of any filing or submission which is
necessary under the HSR Act. The Company and Parent shall keep
each other apprised of the status of any communications with,
and any inquiries or requests for additional information from,
the FTC or the DOJ, and shall comply promptly with any such
inquiry or request. Parent shall take any and all steps
necessary to avoid or eliminate each and every impediment under
any antitrust, competition or trade regulation law that may be
asserted by any Governmental Entity with respect to the Merger
so as to enable the closing to occur as soon as reasonably
possible, including, without limitation, proposing, negotiating,
committing to and effecting, by consent decree, hold separate
order or otherwise, the sale, divestiture or disposition of such
assets or businesses of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries as may
be required in order to avoid the entry of, or to effect the
dissolution of, any injunction, temporary restraining order or
other order in any suit or proceeding, which would otherwise
have the effect of preventing, delaying or restricting the
consummation of the Transactions.
(c) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement,
in furtherance and not in limitation of the covenants of the
parties contained in Sections 6.06(a) and 6.06(b), if any
administrative or judicial action or proceeding, including any
proceeding by a private party, is instituted (or threatened to
be instituted) challenging any of the Transactions as violative
of any antitrust, competition or trade regulation law, each of
the parties shall cooperate in all respects with each other and
shall use its respective best efforts in order to contest and
resist any such action or proceeding and to have vacated,
lifted, reversed or overturned any decree, judgment, injunction
or other order, whether temporary, preliminary or permanent,
that is in effect and that prevents, delays or restricts
consummation of the Transactions.
(d) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement,
in furtherance and not in limitation of the covenants of the
parties contained in Section 6.06(a), if any objections are
asserted with respect to the Transactions under any applicable
law (other than any antitrust, competition or trade regulation
law) or if any suit is instituted by any Governmental Entity or
any private party challenging any of the Transactions as
violative of any applicable law (other than any antitrust,
competition or trade regulation law), each of the Company and
Parent shall use its best efforts to resolve any such objections
or challenges such
Governmental Entity or private party may have to such
Transactions so as to permit consummation of the Transactions.
(e) The existence of the conditions set forth in
Article 7 shall not limit or diminish Parent’s or
Purchaser’s obligations pursuant to this Section 6.06
or relieve Parent or Purchaser of any liability or damages that
may result from the breach of its obligations under this
Section 6.06.
Section 6.07 Indemnification,
Advancement and Insurance. (a) After the Effective
Time, the Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall, jointly
and severally, to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law,
indemnify, defend and hold harmless each Corporate Agent against
all losses, costs, liabilities, expenses (including
attorney’s and expert’s fees and expenses), claims,
fines, penalties or damages in connection with any civil,
criminal or arbitrative suit, action, proceeding or
investigation based in whole or in part on his or her being or
having been such a Corporate Agent prior to and including the
Effective Time (including but not limited to the Transactions).
This obligation shall include the obligation to pay expenses
(including attorney’s and expert’s fees and expenses)
incurred by a Corporate Agent in defending any such suit,
action, proceeding or investigation in advance of the final
disposition thereof, including appeals.
(i) “Corporate Agent” shall mean any person who
is or was at any time prior to and including the Effective Time
a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, or any person who is or was at any time prior
to and including the Effective Time a director, officer,
trustee, employee or agent of any Other Enterprise, serving as
such at the request of the Company, or the heirs, executors and
administrators of any such director, officer, trustee, employee
or agent.
(ii) “Indemnified Party” shall mean individually,
and “Indemnified Parties” shall mean collectively, the
person or persons entitled to be indemnified, defended and held
harmless under this Section 6.07 or the heirs, executors
and administrators of such person or persons.
(iii) “Other Enterprise” shall mean any domestic
or foreign corporation, partnership, limited liability company,
joint venture, sole proprietorship, trust, or other enterprise
or entity (including any employee benefit plan), whether or not
for profit, served by a Corporate Agent (other than the Company).
(b) Parent shall cause the certificate of incorporation and
by-laws of the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries to
include provisions for the limitation of liability of directors
and indemnification of the Indemnified Parties to the fullest
extent permitted under Delaware law and shall not permit the
amendment of such provisions in any manner adverse to the
Indemnified Parties without the prior written consent of the
Indemnified Parties.
(c) Parent shall pay all expenses, including
attorney’s and expert’s fees and expenses, that may be
incurred by any Indemnified Party in enforcing the indemnity and
other obligations provided for in this Section 6.07 or in
any action involving an Indemnified Party resulting from the
Transactions.
(d) For six years after the Effective Time (and thereafter
until the final disposition, including appeals, of any claim
that has been asserted or any suit, action, proceeding or
investigation that has been commenced within such six-year
period), Parent shall maintain, or cause the Surviving
Corporation to maintain, policies of directors’ and
officers’ liability insurance comparable to those currently
maintained by the Company for the benefit of directors and
officers of the Company in effect on the date of this Agreement
(true and complete copies of which have been provided to Parent)
with respect to matters occurring prior to and including the
Effective Time (except to the extent any provisions in such
insurance are no longer generally available in the market);
provided, that in no event shall the Surviving Corporation be
required to expend in any one year an amount in excess of 300%
of the aggregate annual premiums paid by the Company (or the
Surviving Corporation, as applicable) during the immediately
preceding year for such insurance (the Company represents that
the annual premiums currently aggregate approximately $500,000);
and provided, further, that if the aggregate annual premiums of
such insurance coverage exceed such amount, the Surviving
Corporation shall be obligated to obtain a policy or policies
with the greatest coverage available for an aggregate cost not
exceeding such amount.
(e) In the event Parent, the Surviving Corporation or any
of their successors or assigns (i) consolidates with or
merges into any other Person and shall not be the continuing or
surviving corporation or entity of such consolidation or merger
or (ii) transfers all or substantially all of its
properties and assets to any Person, then and in each such case,
proper provisions shall be made so that the successors and
assigns of Parent or the Surviving Corporation, as the case may
be, shall assume the obligations set forth in this
Section 6.07. In the event that the Surviving Corporation
transfers any material portion of its assets, in a single
transaction or in a series of transactions, Parent will either
guarantee the indemnification obligations referred to in
Section 6.07(a) or take such other action to ensure that
the ability of the Surviving Corporation to satisfy such
indemnification obligations will not be diminished.
(f) This Section 6.07 shall survive the consummation
of the Merger, is intended to benefit the Company, Parent, the
Surviving Corporation and each Indemnified Party, and shall be
binding on all successors and assigns of Parent and the
Surviving Corporation.
Section 6.08 Employee
Benefits. (a) After the Effective Time, Parent shall
cause the Surviving Corporation and each Subsidiary thereof to
abide by the terms of each collective bargaining agreement to
which it is a party. In addition, after the Effective Time
through at least September 30, 2006, Parent shall provide
or cause to be provided to the individuals who, immediately
prior to the Effective Time, are non-bargaining unit employees
of the Company or any Subsidiary thereof (“Company
Employees”) (i) base pay and commission opportunities
which, as to each such individual, are the same as or greater
than those provided by the Company and its Subsidiaries
immediately prior to the Effective Time; and (ii) except as
provided in Sections 6.08(d), (e) and (f), welfare,
pension and other employee benefits and incentive opportunities
that are no less favorable in the aggregate than those provided
as of the date hereof by the Company and its Subsidiaries to
such individuals under the Employee Plans. At the Effective
Time, the Company shall pay or cause the payment of bonuses
accrued during the period from December 27, 2004 until the
Effective Time in accordance with the bonus targets and Company
performance through the end of such period. For the period from
the Effective Time through September 30, 2005, Parent shall
cause the Surviving Corporation to establish a bonus arrangement
consistent with the bonus arrangement provided by Parent and its
Affiliates to similarly situated employees, taking into account
the fact that the bonus period will be less than twelve months.
From and after October 1, 2005, the Surviving Corporation
shall provide such bonus opportunities as it deems appropriate.
Nothing contained in this subsection shall preclude the Parent
or the Surviving Corporation or its Subsidiaries at any time
following the Effective Time from terminating the employment of
any Company Employee.
(b) Each Company Employee shall be given full credit for
all service with the Company and its Subsidiaries and their
respective predecessors to the extent recognized by the Company
and its Subsidiaries at December 26, 2004 under any plans
or arrangements providing vacation, sick pay, severance,
retirement, pension or retiree welfare benefits maintained by
Parent or the Surviving Corporation or any of their respective
Affiliates in which such Company Employees participate for all
purposes (including, without limitation, for purposes of
eligibility, vesting, benefit accrual and forms of benefit),
except to the extent that such credit would result in any
duplication of benefits.
(c) In the event of any change in the welfare benefits
provided to Company Employees following the Effective Time,
Parent shall or shall cause the Surviving Corporation to
(i) waive all limitations as to pre-existing conditions,
exclusions and waiting periods with respect to participation and
coverage requirements applicable to the Company Employees under
any such welfare benefits to the extent that such conditions,
exclusions or waiting periods would not apply in the absence of
such change and (ii) credit each Company Employee with any
co-payments and deductibles paid prior to any such change in
satisfying any applicable deductible or out-of-pocket
requirements after such change.
(d) Without limiting any of its other obligations
hereunder, Parent shall cause all of the individual agreements
and other Company plans and arrangements listed in
Items 1, 2, 4, 5 and 20 under Section 4.11 of the
Company Disclosure Memorandum to be honored in accordance with
their terms if and to the extent such agreements, plans and
arrangements have been or are made effective, and shall assume
the obligations of the Company and its Subsidiaries thereunder
without offset.
(e) From the Effective Time until September 30, 2007,
Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall provide or shall
cause their Affiliates to provide post-retirement group health
coverage to Eligible Company Retirees on terms and conditions
that are, in the aggregate, no less favorable than the terms and
conditions of the retiree group health coverage currently
provided by the Company to or for the benefit of retired
Eligible Company Retirees. Thereafter, until December 31,2008, Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall continue to
offer retiree group health coverage to Eligible Company
Retirees. Such coverage shall be on such terms and conditions
relating to benefits and cost-sharing as from time to time are
determined by the Board of Directors of Parent and/or the
Surviving Corporation. As used herein, the term “Eligible
Company Retirees” means (i) former non-bargaining unit
employees of the Company or any Subsidiary thereof (and their
covered spouses and dependents) who, as of the Effective Time,
are covered or entitled to coverage under the Company’s
post-retirement group health plan, (ii) active Company
Employees whose employment terminates after the Effective Time
and who, as of the Effective Time, have satisfied the minimum
age and service conditions for Company provided post-retirement
group health coverage, and (iii) active Company Employees
listed in Section 6.08(e) of the Company Disclosure
Memorandum whose employment is terminated either (A) after
satisfying the age and service conditions, or (B) before
satisfying those conditions under circumstances entitling them
to receive one or more severance payments, whether by individual
agreement or applicable severance policy. The obligations of
Parent and the Surviving Corporation under this
Section 6.08(e) will also extend to the covered spouses and
dependents of the present and former Company Employees who are
or become Eligible Company Retirees.
(f) If, as of or within May 31, 2006, Parent, the
Company, the Surviving Corporation or any of its or their
Affiliates causes the involuntary termination (other than
termination for “cause”) of a Company Employee’s
employment with the Surviving Corporation, the Company and/or
its Subsidiaries, then the terminated Company Employee will be
entitled to receive severance payments in accordance with the
Company’s severance grid set forth in Section 6.08(f)
of the Company Disclosure Memorandum if such grid would have
applied to such Company Employee if he or she had been severed
by the Company before the Effective Time, or, if not, to no less
than two weeks’ base pay for each year of service with the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries (and their respective
predecessors), prorated for the year in which termination of
employment occurs, limited, however, to 50 weeks’ base
pay, and subject to a minimum of four weeks’ base pay. The
severance protection described in this Section 6.08(f)
shall not apply to Company Employees whose severance entitlement
is governed by the terms of an employment agreement, transition
agreement, participation agreement or other individual agreement
providing severance protection outside of the Company’s
general severance policy. Outplacement services described in
Section 6.08(f) of the Company Disclosure Memorandum will
also be made available. Any Company Employee whose employment is
terminated within one year following the Effective Time and who
is entitled to severance payments will be credited with not less
than one year of post-Effective Time service for purposes of
vesting under any Employee Plan in which such terminated Company
Employee then participates, except to the extent that such
credit would result in any duplication of benefits.
(g) Prior to and effective as of the Effective Time, the
Company will amend the Pulitzer Inc. Supplemental Executive
Benefit Pension Plan (the “SERP”) in the following
respects: (i) future benefit accruals will be suspended,
(ii) each participant’s accrued benefit will be
converted into a bookkeeping account balance in the amounts set
forth in Section 6.08(g) of the Company Disclosure
Memorandum (the “SERP Schedule”), (iii) each
participant’s account balance will be credited with
interest at the annual rate of 5.75%, and (iv) each
participant will be entitled to receive payments which will be
deducted from his or her account balance at the time(s) and in
the amount(s) set forth in the SERP Schedule. Parent will make
or cause the Surviving Corporation to make the payments set
forth in the SERP Schedule, which payments, when completed, will
be in full and final satisfaction of the participants’
interest in the SERP. The Company’s SERP amendments will
include a provision for full payment of the participants’
account balances upon a change in control (defined substantially
as set forth in Section 6.08(g) of the Company Disclosure
Memorandum) of the Parent or the Surviving Corporation, and such
other provisions as may be reasonably necessary in order to
satisfy the applicable requirements of Section 409A of the
Code. As of and prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall
satisfy in full the
remaining future payment obligations of the Company under the
executive employment and consulting agreement listed in
Item 2 of Section 4.14 of the Company Disclosure
Memorandum. Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall
terminate the Company’s 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
and the Company’s 2000 Stock Purchase Plan (and any other
such plan listed in Section 4.11(6) of the Company
Disclosure Memorandum (collectively, the “Company Stock
Plans”)), and no shares shall be issued under the Company
Stock Plans after such date. The Company agrees that, during the
period beginning on the date hereof and ending prior to the
Effective Time, except as described under Section 4.02(a)
with respect to shares issuable under outstanding Company Stock
Options or Company RSUs, and shares purchasable under any
employee stock purchase plan, the Company shall not issue shares
of Common Stock in the aggregate that exceed the average number
of shares, determined on a quarterly basis, issued under the
Company Stock Plans for the last two fiscal quarters prior to
the date hereof (which amounts and the price at which such
shares may be purchased under the terms thereof are listed in
Section 4.11(6) of the Company Disclosure Memorandum).
Prior to the Effective Time, the Company will use its
commercially reasonable efforts to terminate (as of or
immediately prior to the Effective Time) the Company’s
interest in and obligations under the split dollar life
insurance agreements and policies listed in Section 4.11 of
the Company Disclosure Memorandum maintained for five covered
current and former executives, at a cost to the Company not to
exceed the then current cash values of the policies plus the
amounts of the premium payments that were withheld since
July 30, 2002, or such greater amounts as the Company deems
necessary in order to accomplish the foregoing. Any split dollar
arrangement which is not so terminated will be assumed and
honored by the Surviving Corporation in accordance with its
terms.
Section 6.09 Public
Announcements. Each of Parent and the Company will obtain
the other’s prior written consent before issuing any press
release or making any public statement (including any broadly
issued statement or announcement to employees) with respect to
this Agreement or the Transactions and, except as may be
required by applicable law or any listing agreement with any
national securities exchange, will not issue any such press
release or make any such public statement prior to obtaining
such consent.
Section 6.10 Further
Assurances. At and after the Effective Time, the officers
and directors of the Surviving Corporation will be authorized to
execute and deliver, in the name and on behalf of the Company or
Purchaser, any deeds, bills of sale, assignments or assurances
and to take and do, in the name and on behalf of the Company or
Purchaser, any other actions and things to vest, perfect or
confirm of record or otherwise in the Surviving Corporation any
and all right, title and interest in, to and under any of the
rights, properties or assets of the Company acquired or to be
acquired by the Surviving Corporation as a result of, or in
connection with, the Merger.
Section 6.11 Notices
of Certain Events. Each of the Company and Parent shall
promptly notify the other of:
(a) any representation or warranty made by it in this
Agreement that is qualified as to materiality becoming untrue or
inaccurate in any respect or any such representation or warranty
that is not so qualified becoming untrue or inaccurate so as to
have a Material Adverse Effect;
(b) the failure by it to comply with or satisfy in any
material respect any covenant, condition or agreement to be
complied with or satisfied by it under this Agreement;
(c) any notice or other communication from any Person
alleging that the consent of such Person is or may be required
in connection with the Transactions;
(d) any notice or other communication from any Governmental
Entity in connection with the Transactions; or
(e) any actions, suits, claims, investigations, orders,
decrees, complaints or proceedings commenced or, to its
Knowledge, threatened against, relating to or involving or
otherwise affecting the Company, Parent or any of their
respective Subsidiaries that relate to the consummation of the
Transactions;
provided, however, that the delivery of any notice pursuant to
this Section 6.11 (i) shall not limit or otherwise
affect the remedies available hereunder to the party receiving
such notice and (ii) shall not be deemed an admission on
the part of the party giving such notice that the occurrence of
any such event constitutes or would reasonably be likely to have
a Material Adverse Effect.
Section 6.12 Certain
Operational Matters. (a) For a period of at least five
years following the Effective Time, Parent will cause the
St. Louis Post-Dispatch to maintain its current name and
editorial page platform statement and to maintain its news and
editorial headquarters in the City of St. Louis, Missouri.
In addition, if the current editor of the St. Louis
Post-Dispatch is replaced within five years following the
Effective Time, whether by reason of her resignation or removal
or for any other reason, Parent will not appoint or allow to be
appointed a new editor of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch
without the prior consultation with the Company Designee.
(b) Following the Effective Time, Parent agrees that
(i) it will not use or allow to be used the
“Pulitzer” name in connection with any business or
other endeavor not reasonably related to the media businesses in
which the Company and its Subsidiaries are currently engaged and
(ii) it will use commercially reasonable efforts to
preserve the historical goodwill of the “Pulitzer”
name, including, without limitation, using commercially
reasonable efforts to ensure that the name is used only in
connection with products and services that are substantially
consistent in nature, quality and style with the products and
services in connection with which the name has been historically
used by the Company.
(c) The Surviving Corporation shall cause St. Louis
Post-Dispatch LLC (“PD LLC”) or its successor from the
Effective Time until September 30, 2009, to make aggregate
contributions, in the name of Pulitzer Inc. or PD LLC, of at
least 0.25% of total revenues of PD LLC, the sum of which shall
be used to fund the commitments set forth in
Section 4.14(8) of the Company Disclosure Memorandum and
the remainder thereof for contributions to 501(c)(3)
organizations that are located in the states of Missouri or
Illinois after funding at least $60,000 to the Columbia
University Graduate School of Journalism in support of the
activities relating to the award of the Pulitzer Prizes.
(d) Prior to the Effective Time, the Board of Directors of
the Company shall appoint a committee consisting of three of its
members (the “Designation Committee”), and following
the Effective Time, the covenants made by Parent in this
Section 6.12 may be enforced by the designee (the
“Company Designee”) selected from time to time by the
Designation Committee. Each member of the Designation Committee
shall serve until his or her death or resignation and may
appoint his or her successor in writing; provided, that any
vacancy in the Designation Committee arising because a successor
has not been appointed or because a member or successor is
unable to serve for any reason shall be filled by the remaining
members of the Designation Committee.
(e) Parent agrees that it shall not, directly or
indirectly, consolidate with or merge into any other Person or
transfer all or substantially all of its properties and assets
to any other Person without causing such other Person to assume
the obligations set forth in this Section 6.12. In
addition, Parent shall not, directly or indirectly, sell,
transfer or license (or allow to be sold, transferred or
licensed) (A) the St. Louis Post-Dispatch without
requiring the purchaser, transferee or licensee thereof to be
bound by the covenants set forth in Sections 6.12(a) and
(d) or (B) the “Pulitzer” name without
requiring the purchaser, transferee or licensee thereof to be
bound by the covenants set forth in Sections 6.12(b) and
(d).
Section 6.13 Solvency
Opinion. In the event Parent or Purchaser is required to
deliver or cause to be delivered in connection with the
financing of the Transactions, or actually delivers or causes to
be delivered, a letter or opinion with respect to the solvency,
sufficiency of assets, sufficiency of capital or any similar or
related status, in each case, of the Parent, Purchaser, the
Company or any of their respective Subsidiaries, then Parent and
Purchaser shall, at their expense, cause such letter or opinion
to (i) be delivered to the Company and (ii) contain a
statement that the Company and its stockholders may rely on such
letter or opinion as though such letter or opinion had been
addressed to the Company and its stockholders.
Section 7.01 Conditions
to Obligations of Each Party. The respective obligations of
the Company, Parent and Purchaser to consummate the Merger are
subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the following
conditions:
(a) this Agreement shall have been adopted by the Required
Vote at the Company Stockholder Meeting;
(b) no statute, rule or regulation shall have been enacted,
promulgated or deemed applicable to the Merger by any
Governmental Entity which prevents the consummation of the
Merger or makes the consummation of the Merger unlawful, and no
temporary restraining order, preliminary or permanent injunction
or other order issued by any court of competent jurisdiction
preventing, prohibiting or restraining the consummation of the
Merger shall be in effect; provided, however, that each of the
parties shall have used commercially reasonable efforts to
prevent the entry of any such injunction or other order and to
appeal as promptly as possible any injunction or other order
that may be entered; and
(c) any waiting period (and any extension thereof) under
the HSR Act applicable to the Merger shall have expired or been
terminated.
Section 7.02 Conditions
to Obligations of Parent and Purchaser. The obligations of
Parent and Purchaser to consummate the Merger are subject to the
satisfaction (or waiver by Parent and Purchaser) of the
following conditions:
(a) the Company shall have performed all of its
obligations, covenants and agreements hereunder required to be
performed or complied with by it at or prior to the Effective
Time, disregarding for these purposes any exception with respect
to such obligation, covenant or agreement qualified by
“Material Adverse Effect,”“material,”“materiality” and words of similar import, except for
such failures to perform which, individually or in the
aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect on the Company; provided, however, that for
purposes of this Section 7.02(a), “Material Adverse
Effect” on the Company shall mean a Material Adverse Effect
on the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole;
(b) except as affected by actions specifically described in
and permitted by this Agreement, the representations and
warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement shall be
true on and as of the closing date as if made on and as of such
date (other than to the extent that any such representation and
warranty, by its terms, is expressly limited to a specific date,
in which case such representation and warranty shall be true as
of such date), disregarding for these purposes any exception in
such representation or warranty qualified by “Material
Adverse Effect,”“material,”“materiality” and words of similar import, except for
such failures to be true which, individually or in the
aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect on the Company; provided, however, that for
purposes of this Section 7.02(b), “Material Adverse
Effect” on the Company shall mean a Material Adverse Effect
on the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole;
(c) Parent shall have received a certificate signed on
behalf of the Company by the President or Chief Executive
Officer or a Vice President of the Company certifying as to the
satisfaction of the conditions contained in
Sections 7.02(a) and (b); and
(d) Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries shall have
delivered to Parent all of the certificates, instruments and
other documents required to be delivered by such company or by
any Person retained by the Company and its Subsidiaries at or
prior to the closing date as required by this Agreement.
Section 7.03 Conditions
to Obligation of the Company. The obligation of the Company
to consummate the Merger is subject to the satisfaction (or
waiver by the Company) of the following conditions:
(a) Each of Parent and Purchaser shall have performed all
of its obligations, covenants and agreements hereunder required
to be performed or complied with by it at or prior to the
Effective Time (including its obligations under
Section 3.02(a) of this Agreement), disregarding for these
purposes any exception with respect to such obligation, covenant
or agreement qualified by “Material Adverse Effect,”“material,”“materiality” and words of
similar import, except for such failures to perform which,
individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent or
Purchaser or materially impair the ability of Parent or
Purchaser to consummate the Transactions on the terms and
conditions provided for herein; provided, however, that for
purposes of this Section 7.03(a), “Material Adverse
Effect” on the Parent shall mean a Material Adverse Effect
on the Parent and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole;
(b) except as affected by actions specifically described in
and permitted by this Agreement, the representations and
warranties of Parent and Purchaser contained in this Agreement
shall be true on and as of the closing date as if made on and as
of such date (other than to the extent that any such
representation and warranty, by its terms, is expressly limited
to a specific date, in which case such representation and
warranty shall be true as of such date), disregarding for these
purposes any exception in such representation or warranty
qualified by “Material Adverse Effect,”“material,”“materiality” and words of
similar import, except for such failures to be true which,
individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent or
Purchaser or materially impair the ability of Parent or
Purchaser to consummate the Transactions on the terms and
conditions provided for herein; provided, however, that for
purposes of this Section 7.03(b), “Material Adverse
Effect” on the Parent shall mean a Material Adverse Effect
on the Parent and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole;
(c) the Company shall have received a certificate signed on
behalf of the Parent by the President or Chief Executive Officer
or a Vice President of the Parent certifying as to the
satisfaction of the conditions contained in
Sections 7.03(a) and (b); and
(d) Each of the Parent and Purchaser shall have delivered
to Company all of the certificates, instruments and other
documents required to be delivered by such company or by any
Person retained by Parent or Purchaser at or prior to the
closing date as required by this Agreement.
ARTICLE 8
TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
Section 8.01 Termination.
This Agreement may be terminated, and the Merger contemplated
hereby may be abandoned, at any time prior to the Effective
Time, whether before or after the adoption of this Agreement by
the stockholders of the Company:
(a) by mutual written consent duly authorized by the Board
of Directors of each of Parent, Purchaser and the Company;
(i) any Governmental Entity shall have issued an order,
decree or ruling or taken any other action (which order, decree,
ruling or other action the parties hereto shall use their
reasonable best efforts to lift) restraining, enjoining or
otherwise prohibiting the Merger and such order, decree, ruling
or other action shall have become final and nonappealable;
provided, however, that the right to terminate this Agreement
pursuant to this Section 8.01(b)(i) shall not be available
to any party whose breach of any provision of this Agreement
results in the imposition of such order, decree or ruling or
other action or the failure of such order, decree or ruling or
other action to be resisted, resolved or lifted, as applicable;
(ii) the Merger shall not have been consummated by
August 2, 2005, unless the failure to consummate the Merger
is the result of a breach of this Agreement by the party seeking
to terminate this Agreement; or
(iii) if, at the Company Stockholder Meeting (including any
adjournment thereof), the Required Vote shall not have been
obtained;
(i) if the Company has complied with its obligations under
Section 6.05, the Company has received an unsolicited
Acquisition Proposal that the Board of Directors determines in
good faith is a Superior Proposal, and then only in connection
with its entering into an agreement with respect to such
Superior Proposal; provided, that the Company pays the
Termination Fee; or
(ii) if Parent or Purchaser shall have breached any
representation, warranty, covenant or other agreement contained
in this Agreement, which breach, individually or in the
aggregate, would reasonably be expected to materially impair the
ability of Parent or Purchaser to consummate the Transactions on
the terms and conditions set forth herein and cannot be or has
not been cured within 30 days after the giving of written
notice to Parent or Purchaser, as applicable;
(d) by Parent:
(i) if the Company shall have breached any representation,
warranty, covenant or other agreement contained in this
Agreement (disregarding for these purposes any exception with
respect to such representation, warranty, covenant or other
agreement qualified by “Material Adverse Effect,”“material,”“materiality” and words of
similar import), which breach, individually or in the aggregate,
would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company and cannot be or has not been cured, in
all material respects, within 30 days after the giving of
written notice to the Company; provided, however, that for
purposes of this Section 8.01(d)(i), “Material Adverse
Effect” on the Company shall mean a Material Adverse Effect
on the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole;
(ii) if, (A) whether or not permitted to do so, the
Board of Directors of the Company shall have withdrawn or
modified (in a manner adverse to Parent or Purchaser) its
approval or recommendation of the Merger or this Agreement, or
approved or recommended any Acquisition Proposal, (B) a
tender or exchange offer relating to any Company Securities has
been commenced and the Company fails to send to its security
holders, within ten Business Days after the commencement of such
tender or exchange offer, a statement disclosing that the
Company recommends the rejection of such tender or exchange
offer or (C) an Acquisition Proposal is publicly announced,
and the Company fails to issue, within ten Business Days after
such Acquisition Proposal is announced, a press release that
reaffirms the recommendation of the Board of Directors of the
Company that the stockholders of the Company vote in favor of
the adoption of this Agreement; or
(iii) if the Company breaches any of its obligations under
Section 6.03 in any material respect or any of its
obligations under Section 6.05.
The party desiring to terminate this Agreement pursuant to
Section 8.01(b), Section 8.01(c) or
Section 8.01(d) shall give written notice of such
termination to the other parties in accordance with
Section 9.02.
Section 8.02 Effect
of Termination. In the event of termination of this
Agreement as provided in Section 8.01, this Agreement shall
forthwith become void and have no effect (other than the
provisions of Article 1, Section 6.04 (last sentence
only), this Section 8.02, Section 8.03, and
Article 9, which shall survive any termination), without
any liability or obligation on the part of Parent, Purchaser or
the Company, except to the extent that such termination results
from the breach by a party of any of its representations,
warranties, covenants or agreements set forth in this Agreement.
Section 8.03 Fees
and Expenses. (a) Except as set forth otherwise herein,
all fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Merger,
this Agreement and the Transactions shall be paid by the party
incurring such fees or expenses, whether or not the Merger is
consummated.
(b) The Company shall pay, or cause to be paid, to Parent a
fee equal to $55 million (the “Termination Fee”)
if (1)(x) this Agreement is terminated by Parent or the Company
pursuant to Section 8.01(b)(ii), or by Parent pursuant to
Section 8.01(d)(i), Section 8.01(d)(ii)(B) or (C), or
Section 8.01(d)(iii), (y) at any time after the date
hereof an Acquisition Proposal shall have been publicly
announced or otherwise communicated to the Board of Directors of
the Company and (z) within 12 months of the
termination of this Agreement, the Company enters into a
definitive agreement with any third party with respect to an
Acquisition Proposal or similar transaction, or any such
transaction is consummated; (2) this Agreement is
terminated by the Company pursuant to Section 8.01(c)(i);
or (3) this Agreement is terminated by Parent pursuant to
Section 8.01(d)(ii)(A); provided that if a fee already has
been paid to Parent pursuant to Section 8.03(c), the
Termination Fee shall be equal to $55 million minus the
amount actually paid to Parent pursuant to Section 8.03(c).
(c) The Company shall pay, or cause to be paid, to Parent a
fee equal to $30 million plus actual documented expenses
(not to exceed $12 million) if this Agreement is terminated
by Parent or the Company pursuant to Section 8.01(b)(iii).
(d) Any Termination Fee shall be paid by wire transfer of
same day funds to an account designated by Parent within two
Business Days after a demand for payment by Parent following
termination of this Agreement; provided, that in the event of a
termination of this Agreement under Section 8.01(c)(i), the
Termination Fee shall be paid as therein provided as a condition
to the effectiveness of such termination.
Section 8.04 Amendment.
This Agreement may be amended by the parties hereto at any time
before or after the adoption of this Agreement by the
stockholders of the Company; provided, however, that after any
such adoption, there shall be made no amendment that by law
requires further adoption of this Agreement by the stockholders
of the Company without such further adoption. This Agreement may
not be amended except by an instrument in writing signed on
behalf of each of the parties hereto.
Section 8.05 Extension;
Waiver. At any time prior to the Effective Time, the parties
may (a) extend the time for the performance of any of the
obligations or other acts of the other parties, (b) waive
any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties contained
herein or in any document delivered pursuant hereto on the part
of the other parties or (c) subject to the proviso
contained in the first sentence of Section 8.04, waive
compliance with any of the agreements or conditions contained
herein on the part of the other parties. Any agreement on the
part of a party to any such extension or waiver shall be valid
only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed on behalf
of such party. The failure of any party to this Agreement to
assert any of its rights under this Agreement or otherwise shall
not constitute a waiver of such rights.
ARTICLE 9
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 9.01 Non-Survival
of Representations and Warranties. The representations and
warranties contained herein and in any certificate or other
writing delivered pursuant hereto shall not survive the
Effective Time or the termination of this Agreement. This
Section 9.01 shall not limit any covenant or agreement of
the parties which by its terms contemplates performance after
the Effective Time.
Section 9.02 Notices.
All notices, requests and other communications to any party
hereunder shall be in writing (including facsimile transmission)
and shall be given
or such other address or facsimile number as such party may
hereafter specify for the purpose by notice to the other parties
hereto. All such notices, requests and other communications
shall be deemed received on the date of receipt by the recipient
thereof if received prior to 5 p.m. in the place of receipt
and such day is a Business Day in the place of receipt.
Otherwise, any such notice, request or communication shall be
deemed not to have been received until the next succeeding
Business Day in the place of receipt. Rejection or other refusal
to accept or the inability to deliver because of changed address
of which no notice was given shall be deemed to be receipt of
the notice as of the date of such rejection, refusal or
inability to deliver.
Section 9.03 No
Waivers. No failure or delay by any party in exercising any
right, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver
thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof
preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise
of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies
herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any
rights or remedies provided by law.
Section 9.04 Successors
and Assigns. The provisions of this Agreement shall be
binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and
their respective successors and assigns; provided, that no party
may assign, delegate or otherwise transfer any of its rights or
obligations under this Agreement without the consent of each
other party hereto, except that Parent or Purchaser may transfer
or assign, in whole or from time to time in part, to one or more
of its Affiliates, the right to enter into the Transactions, but
no such transfer or assignment will relieve Parent or Purchaser
of its obligations hereunder.
Section 9.05 Governing
Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in
accordance with the law of the State of Delaware, without regard
to the conflicts of law rules of such state.
Section 9.06 Jurisdiction.
Any suit, action or proceeding seeking to enforce any provision
of, or based on any matter arising out of or in connection with,
this Agreement or the Transactions may be brought in any federal
or state court located in the State of Delaware, and each of the
parties hereby consents to the jurisdiction of such courts (and
of the appropriate appellate courts therefrom) in any such suit,
action or proceeding and irrevocably waives, to the fullest
extent permitted by law, any objection that it may now or
hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such suit,
action or proceeding in any such court or that any such suit,
action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought
in an inconvenient forum. Process in any such suit, action or
proceeding may be served on any party anywhere in the world,
whether within or without the jurisdiction of any such court.
Without limiting the foregoing, each party agrees that service
of process on such party as provided in Section 9.02 shall
be deemed effective service of process on such party.
Section 9.07 WAIVER
OF JURY TRIAL. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY
WAIVES ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL
PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE
TRANSACTIONS.
Section 9.08 Counterparts;
Effectiveness; Benefit. This Agreement may be signed in any
number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, with
the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were
upon the same instrument. This Agreement shall become effective
when each party hereto shall have received counterparts hereof
signed by all of the other parties hereto. Except as provided in
Sections 6.07 and 6.12 (which are intended to be for the
benefit of the Persons provided for therein and may be enforced
by such Persons), no provision of this Agreement is intended to
confer any rights, benefits, remedies, obligations or
liabilities hereunder upon any Person other than the parties
hereto and their respective permitted successors and assigns.
Execution of this Agreement may be made by facsimile signature
which, for all purposes, shall be deemed to be an original
signature.
Section 9.09 Entire
Agreement. This Agreement, the Company Disclosure Memorandum
and the Confidentiality Agreement constitute the entire
agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter
of this Agreement and supersede all prior and contemporaneous
representations, warranties, agreements and understandings, both
oral and written, between the parties with respect to the
subject matter of this Agreement. No prior drafts of this
Agreement or portions thereof shall be admissible into evidence
in any action, suit or other proceeding involving this Agreement.
Section 9.10 Severability.
If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this
Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction or other
authority to be invalid, void or unenforceable, the remainder of
the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions of this
Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no
way be affected, impaired or invalidated thereby.
Section 9.11 Specific
Performance. The parties hereto agree that irreparable
damage would occur if any provision of this Agreement were not
performed in accordance with the terms hereof and that the
parties shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to
prevent breaches of this Agreement or to enforce specifically
the performance of the terms and provisions hereof in any
federal or state court located in the State of Delaware, in
addition to any other remedy to which they are entitled at law
or in equity.
Section 9.12 Interpretation.
When a reference is made in this Agreement to an Article or
Section, such reference shall be to an Article or Section of
this Agreement unless otherwise indicated. The table of contents
to this Agreement and the Article and Section headings are for
reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the
meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Whenever the words
“include,”“includes” or
“including” are used in this Agreement, they shall be
deemed to be followed by the words “without
limitation.” The words “hereof,”“herein” and “hereunder” and words of
similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this
Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this
Agreement. All terms defined in this Agreement shall have the
defined meanings when used in any certificate or other document
made or delivered pursuant hereto unless otherwise defined
therein. The definitions contained in this Agreement are
applicable to the singular as well as the plural forms of such
terms and to the masculine as well as to the feminine and neuter
genders of such terms.
Any agreement, instrument or statute defined or referred to
herein or in any agreement or instrument that is referred to
herein means such agreement, instrument or statute as from time
to time amended, modified or supplemented, including (in the
case of agreements or instruments) by waiver or consent and (in
the case of statutes) by succession of comparable successor
statutes and references to all attachments thereto and
instruments incorporated therein. References to a Person are
also to its permitted successors and assigns. Each of the
parties has participated in the drafting and negotiation of this
Agreement. If an ambiguity or question of intent or
interpretation arises, this Agreement must be construed as if it
is drafted by all the parties and no presumption or burden of
proof will arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of
authorship of any of the provisions of this Agreement.
Section 9.13 Company
Disclosure Memorandum.The Company Disclosure Memorandum
referred to in this Agreement is hereby incorporated in this
Agreement and made a part of this Agreement for all purposes as
if fully set forth in this Agreement. Any matter disclosed in a
section of the Company Disclosure Memorandum shall be treated as
if it were disclosed in other sections of the Company Disclosure
Memorandum to which it reasonably applies. No disclosure in the
Company Disclosure Memorandum shall be deemed to constitute an
admission or representation or raise any inference that such
matter rises to the level of materiality or is determinative of
any standard of materiality.
Section 9.14 Personal
Liability. Neither this Agreement nor any other document
delivered in connection with this Agreement shall create or be
deemed to create or permit any personal liability or obligation
on the part of any officer or director of the Company or any
Subsidiary of the Company.
Section 9.15 Obligations
of Parent and the Company. Whenever this Agreement requires
Purchaser or another Subsidiary of Parent to take any action,
such requirement shall be deemed to include an undertaking on
the part of Parent to cause Purchaser or such Subsidiary to take
such action and a guarantee on the part of Parent of the
performance thereof. Whenever this Agreement requires the
Surviving Corporation to take any action, from and after the
Effective Time, such requirement shall be deemed to include an
undertaking on the part of Parent to cause the Surviving
Corporation to take such action and a guarantee on the part of
Parent of the performance thereof. Whenever this Agreement
requires the Company to take any action after the Effective
Time, such requirement shall be deemed to include an undertaking
on the part of Parent to cause the Surviving Corporation to take
such action and a guarantee on the part of Parent of the
performance thereof. Whenever this Agreement require a
Subsidiary of the Company to take any action, such requirement
shall be deemed to include an undertaking on the part of the
Company to cause such Subsidiary to take such action and a
guarantee on the part of the Company of the performance thereof.
Section 9.16 Certain
Definitions. As used in this Agreement:
(a) The term “Acquisition Proposal” shall mean
any offer or proposal for a merger, reorganization,
consolidation, share exchange, business combination, or other
similar transaction involving the Company or any proposal or
offer to acquire, directly or indirectly, securities
representing more than 20% of the voting power of the Company or
more than 20% of the consolidated net assets of the Company and
its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, other than the Transactions.
(b) The term “Affiliate,” as applied to any
Person, shall mean any other Person directly or indirectly
Controlling, Controlled by, or under common Control with, that
Person; for purposes of this definition, “Control”
(including, with correlative meanings, the terms
“Controlling,”“Controlled by,” and
“under common Control with”), as applied to any
Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the
power to direct or cause the direction of the management and
policies of that Person, whether through the ownership of voting
securities, by contract or otherwise.
(c) A Person will be deemed to “Beneficially” own
securities if such Person would be the beneficial owner of such
securities under Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act,
including securities which such Person has the right to acquire
(whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the
passage of time).
(d) The term “Business Day” means any day on
which commercial banks are open for business in New York, New
York other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a day observed as a
holiday in New York, New York under the laws of the State of New
York or the federal laws of the United States.
(e) The term “Knowledge” or any similar
formulation of “Knowledge” shall mean, with respect to
the Company, the actual knowledge of the Company’s
executive officers and each publisher or the most senior
executive officer, as the case may be, of any of its
Subsidiaries (except that where the Company’s
“Knowledge” relates to TNI Partners,
“Knowledge” shall mean the actual knowledge of the
Company’s executive officers and the publisher of Star
Publishing Company), and with respect to the Parent, the actual
knowledge of the Parent’s executive officers.
(f) The term “Person” shall include individuals,
corporations, partnerships, trusts, limited liability companies,
associations, unincorporated organizations, joint ventures,
other entities, groups (which then shall include a
“group” as such term is defined in
Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), labor unions and
Governmental Entities.
(g) The term “Significant Subsidiaries” shall
mean Flagstaff Publishing Co., Pantagraph Publishing Co.,
Pulitzer Newspapers, Inc., Pulitzer Technologies, Inc.,
St. Louis Post-Dispatch LLC, Star Publishing Company, STL
Distribution Services LLC and Suburban Journals of Greater
St. Louis LLC.
(h) The term “Solvent” shall mean, with respect
to any Person, that (i) the property of such Person, at a
fair valuation, exceeds the sum of its debts (including
contingent and unliquidated debts), (ii) the present fair
saleable value of the property of such Person exceeds the amount
that will be required to pay such Person’s probable
liability on its existing debts as they become absolute and
matured, (iii) such Person does not have unreasonably small
capital with which to conduct its business and (iv) such
Person does not intend or believe that it will incur debts
beyond its ability to pay as they mature. For purposes of this
definition, the amount of contingent or unliquidated liabilities
at any time shall be the amount which, in light of all the facts
and circumstances existing at such time, represents the amount
that can reasonably be expected to become actual or matured
liabilities.
(i) The term “Superior Proposal” shall mean a
bona fide written Acquisition Proposal to acquire more than 50%
of the voting power of the Company or all or substantially all
of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a
whole which the Board of Directors of the Company determines in
good faith (after consultation with a financial advisor of
nationally recognized reputation and taking into account all the
terms and conditions of the Acquisition Proposal) is
(i) more favorable to the Company and its stockholders (in
their capacities as stockholders) from a financial point of view
than the Transactions and (ii) reasonably capable of being
completed, including a conclusion that its financing, to the
extent required, is then committed or is, in the good faith
judgment of the Board of Directors of the Company, reasonably
capable of being financed by the Person making such Acquisition
Proposal.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this
Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized
officers as of the day and year first above written.
Pursuant to Section 251(c) of the Delaware General
Corporation Law
* * * * *
The undersigned, being the Surviving Corporation, hereby sets
forth as follows:
FIRST: The name and state of incorporation of each of the
constituent corporations to the merger are LP Acquisition
Corp., a Delaware corporation, and Pulitzer Inc., a
Delaware corporation.
SECOND: An Agreement and Plan of Merger has been approved,
adopted, certified, executed and acknowledged by each of the
constituent corporations in accordance with Section 251 of
the Delaware General Corporation Law.
THIRD: The name of the Surviving Corporation is Pulitzer
Inc.
FOURTH: The Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving
Corporation shall be amended to read in its entirety as set
forth in Exhibit A attached hereto.
FIFTH: The executed Agreement and Plan of Merger is on file at
the principal place of business of the Surviving Corporation.
The address of the Surviving Corporation is 900 North Tucker
Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri63101.
SIXTH: A copy of the Agreement and Plan of Merger will be
furnished by the Surviving Corporation, on request and without
cost, to any stockholder of any constituent corporation.
FIRST: The name of the corporation is Pulitzer Inc. (hereinafter
referred to as the “Corporation”).
SECOND: The address of the registered office of the Corporation
in the State of Delaware shall be at Corporation Trust Center,
1209 Orange Street, City of Wilmington, County of New Castle,
Delaware and the name of its registered agent at such address
shall be The Corporation Trust Company.
THIRD: The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful
act or activity for which a corporation may be organized under
the General Corporation Law of Delaware (the “GCL”).
FOURTH: The total number of shares of stock which the
Corporation shall have the authority to issue is ten thousand
(10,000) shares of Class A voting common stock, with a par
value of one dollar ($1.00) per share.
FIFTH: The Corporation shall indemnify and advance expenses to
the fullest extent permitted by Section 145 of the GCL, as
amended from time to time, each person who is or was a director
or officer of the Corporation and the heirs, executors and
administrators of such person. Any expenses (including
attorneys’ fees) incurred by each person who is or was a
director or officer of the Corporation, and the heirs, executors
and administrators of such person, in connection with defending
any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition shall be
paid by the Corporation; provided, however, that if the GCL
requires, an advancement of expenses incurred by an indemnitee
in his capacity as a director or officer (and not in any other
capacity in which service was or is rendered by such indemnitee,
including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit
plan) shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an
undertaking by or on behalf of such indemnitee to repay all
amounts so advanced, if it shall ultimately be determined that
such indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified for such
expenses under this Article or otherwise.
SIXTH: Whenever a compromise or arrangement is proposed between
the Corporation and its creditors or any class of them and/or
between the Corporation and its stockholders or any class of
them, any court of equitable jurisdiction within the State of
Delaware may, on the application in a summary way of the
Corporation or of any creditor or stockholder thereof or on the
application of any receiver or receivers appointed for the
Corporation under the provisions of Section 291 of the GCL
or on the application of trustees in dissolution or of any
receiver or receivers appointed for the Corporation under the
provisions of Section 279 of the GCL, order a meeting of
the creditors or class of creditors, and/or of the stockholders
or class of stockholders of the Corporation, as the case may be,
to be summoned in such manner as the said court directs. If a
majority in number representing three-fourths in value of the
creditors or class of creditors, and/or of the stockholders or
class of
stockholders of the Corporation, as the case may be, agree to
any compromise or arrangement and to any reorganization of the
Corporation as consequence of such compromise or arrangement,
the said compromise or arrangement and the said reorganization
shall, if sanctioned by the court to which the said application
has been made, be binding on all the creditors or class of
creditors, and/or on all the stockholders or class of
stockholders, of the Corporation, as the case may be, and also
on the Corporation.
SEVENTH: The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter,
change or repeal any provision contained in this Certificate of
Incorporation, in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by law,
and all rights and powers conferred on the stockholders,
directors and officers herein are granted subject to this
reserved power.
EIGHTH: No director of the Corporation shall be personally
liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary
damages for the breach of any fiduciary duty as a director,
except (i) for any breach of the director’s duty of
loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for
acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional
misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) under
Section 174 of the GCL, as the same exists or hereafter may
be amended, or (iv) for any transaction from which the
director derived an improper personal benefit. If the GCL is
amended after the date of incorporation of the Corporation to
authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the
personal liability of directors, then the liability of a
director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to
the fullest extent permitted by the GCL, as so amended.
Any repeal or modification of the foregoing paragraph by the
stockholders of the Corporation shall be prospective only, and
shall not adversely affect any limitation on the personal
liability of a director of the Corporation existing at the time
of such repeal or modification.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Pulitzer Inc. has caused this Restated
Certificate of Incorporation to be signed by
its and
attested to by its Secretary
this day
of ,
2005.
You have requested our opinion as to the fairness from a
financial point of view to the holders of the outstanding shares
of common stock, par value $.01 per share, and Class B
common stock, par value $.01 per share (the
“Shares”), of Pulitzer Inc. (the “Company”)
of the $64.00 per Share in cash to be received by such
holders, taken in the aggregate, pursuant to the Agreement and
Plan of Merger, dated as of January 29, 2005 (the
“Agreement”), among Lee Enterprises, Incorporated
(“Lee”), LP Acquisition Corp., a wholly owned
subsidiary of Lee (“Acquisition Sub”), and the Company.
Goldman, Sachs & Co. and its affiliates, as part of
their investment banking business, are continually engaged in
performing financial analyses with respect to businesses and
their securities in connection with mergers and acquisitions,
negotiated underwritings, competitive biddings, secondary
distributions of listed and unlisted securities, private
placements and other transactions as well as for estate,
corporate and other purposes. We have acted as financial advisor
to the Company in connection with, and have participated in
certain of the negotiations leading to, the transaction
contemplated by the Agreement (the “Transaction”). We
expect to receive fees for our services in connection with the
Transaction, the principal portion of which are contingent upon
consummation of the Transaction, and the Company has agreed to
reimburse our expenses and indemnify us against certain
liabilities arising out of our engagement. In addition, we have
provided certain investment banking services to the Company from
time to time, including having acted as financial advisor in
connection with the Company’s establishment of a
partnership with The Herald Company in May 2000, and have
previously entered into interest rate swap transactions with the
Company from time to time. We also may provide investment
banking services to the Company and Lee in the future. In
connection with the above-described investment banking services
we have received, and may receive, compensation.
Goldman, Sachs & Co. is a full service securities firm
engaged, either directly or through its affiliates, in
securities trading, investment management, financial planning
and benefits counseling, risk management, hedging, financing and
brokerage activities for both companies and individuals. In the
ordinary course of these activities, Goldman, Sachs &
Co. and its affiliates may provide such services to the Company,
Lee and their respective affiliates, may actively trade the debt
and equity securities (or related derivative securities) of the
Company and Lee for their own account and for the accounts of
their customers and may at any time hold long and short
positions of such securities.
In connection with this opinion, we have reviewed, among other
things, the Agreement; annual reports to stockholders and Annual
Reports on Form 10-K of the Company for the four fiscal
years ended December 28, 2003 and of Lee for the five
fiscal years ended September 30, 2004; certain interim
reports to stockholders and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q
of the Company and Lee; certain other communications from the
Company and Lee to their respective stockholders; and certain
internal financial analyses and forecasts for the Company
prepared by its management. We also have held discussions with
members of the senior management of the Company regarding their
assessment of the strategic rationale for, and the potential
benefits of, the Transaction and the past and current business
operations, financial condition and future prospects of the
Company. In addition, we have reviewed the reported price and
trading activity for the Shares, compared certain financial and
stock market information for the Company with similar
information for certain other companies the securities of which
are publicly traded, reviewed the financial terms of certain
recent business combinations in the newspaper industry
specifically and in other industries generally and performed
such other studies and analyses, and considered such other
factors, as we considered appropriate.
We have relied upon the accuracy and completeness of all of the
financial, accounting, legal, tax and other information
discussed with or reviewed by us and have assumed such accuracy
and completeness for purposes of rendering this opinion. In that
regard, we have assumed, with your consent, that the internal
financial forecasts prepared by the management of the Company
have been reasonably prepared on a basis reflecting the best
currently available estimates and judgments of the Company. In
addition, we have not made an independent evaluation or
appraisal of the assets and liabilities (including any
contingent, derivative or off-balance-sheet assets and
liabilities) of the Company or any of its subsidiaries and we
have not been furnished with any such evaluation or appraisal.
Our opinion does not address the underlying business decision of
the Company to engage in the Transaction. Our advisory services
and the opinion expressed herein are provided for the
information and assistance of the Board of Directors of the
Company in connection with its consideration of the Transaction
and such opinion does not constitute a recommendation as to how
any holder of Shares should vote with respect to such
transaction.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, it is our opinion that,
as of the date hereof, the $64.00 per Share in cash to be
received by the holders of Shares, taken in the aggregate,
pursuant to the Agreement is fair from a financial point of view
to such holders.
Section 262 of the Delaware General Corporation Law
Section 262. APPRAISAL
RIGHTS.
(a) Any stockholder of a corporation of this State who
holds shares of stock on the date of the making of a demand
pursuant to subsection (d) of this section with
respect to such shares, who continuously holds such shares
through the effective date of the merger or consolidation, who
has otherwise complied with subsection (d) of this
section and who has neither voted in favor of the merger or
consolidation nor consented thereto in writing pursuant to
§ 228 of this title shall be entitled to an appraisal
by the Court of Chancery of the fair value of the
stockholder’s shares of stock under the circumstances
described in subsections (b) and (c) of this section.
As used in this section, the word “stockholder” means
a holder of record of stock in a stock corporation and also a
member of record of a nonstock corporation; the words
“stock” and “share” mean and include what is
ordinarily meant by those words and also membership or
membership interest of a member of a nonstock corporation; and
the words “depository receipt” mean a receipt or other
instrument issued by a depository representing an interest in
one or more shares, or fractions thereof, solely of stock of a
corporation, which stock is deposited with the depository.
(b) Appraisal rights shall be available for the shares of
any class or series of stock of a constituent corporation in a
merger or consolidation to be effected pursuant to
§ 251 (other than a merger effected pursuant to
§ 251(g) of this title), § 252,
§ 254, § 257, § 258,
§ 263 or § 264 of this title:
(1) Provided, however, that no appraisal rights under this
section shall be available for the shares of any class or series
of stock, which stock, or depository receipts in respect
thereof, at the record date fixed to determine the stockholders
entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the meeting of
stockholders to act upon the agreement of merger or
consolidation, were either (i) listed on a national
securities exchange or designated as a national market system
security on an interdealer quotation system by the National
Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or (ii) held of
record by more than 2,000 holders; and further provided that no
appraisal rights shall be available for any shares of stock of
the constituent corporation surviving a merger if the merger did
not require for its approval the vote of the stockholders of the
surviving corporation as provided in subsection (f) of
§ 251 of this title.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of this
subsection, appraisal rights under this section shall be
available for the shares of any class or series of stock of a
constituent corporation if the holders thereof are required by
the terms of an agreement of merger or consolidation pursuant to
§§ 251, 252, 254, 257, 258, 263 and 264 of this
title to accept for such stock anything except:
a. Shares of stock of the corporation surviving or
resulting from such merger or consolidation, or depository
receipts in respect thereof;
b. Shares of stock of any other corporation, or depository
receipts in respect thereof, which shares of stock (or
depository receipts in respect thereof) or depository receipts
at the effective date of the merger or consolidation will be
either listed on a national securities exchange or designated as
a national market system security on an interdealer quotation
system by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.
or held of record by more than 2,000 holders;
c. Cash in lieu of fractional shares or fractional
depository receipts described in the foregoing subparagraphs a.
and b. of this paragraph; or
d. Any combination of the shares of stock, depository
receipts and cash in lieu of fractional shares or fractional
depository receipts described in the foregoing subparagraphs a.,
b. and c. of this paragraph.
(3) In the event all of the stock of a subsidiary Delaware
corporation party to a merger effected under § 253 of
this title is not owned by the parent corporation immediately
prior to the merger, appraisal rights shall be available for the
shares of the subsidiary Delaware corporation.
(c) Any corporation may provide in its certificate of
incorporation that appraisal rights under this section shall be
available for the shares of any class or series of its stock as
a result of an amendment to its certificate of incorporation,
any merger or consolidation in which the corporation is a
constituent corporation or the sale of all or substantially all
of the assets of the corporation. If the certificate of
incorporation contains such a provision, the procedures of this
section, including those set forth in subsections (d) and
(e) of this section, shall apply as nearly as is
practicable.
(d) Appraisal rights shall be perfected as follows:
(1) If a proposed merger or consolidation for which
appraisal rights are provided under this section is to be
submitted for approval at a meeting of stockholders, the
corporation, not less than 20 days prior to the meeting,
shall notify each of its stockholders who was such on the record
date for such meeting with respect to shares for which appraisal
rights are available pursuant to subsection (b) or
(c) hereof that appraisal rights are available for any or
all of the shares of the constituent corporations, and shall
include in such notice a copy of this section. Each stockholder
electing to demand the appraisal of such stockholder’s
shares shall deliver to the corporation, before the taking of
the vote on the merger or consolidation, a written demand for
appraisal of such stockholder’s shares. Such demand will be
sufficient if it reasonably informs the corporation of the
identity of the stockholder and that the stockholder intends
thereby to demand the appraisal of such stockholder’s
shares. A proxy or vote against the merger or consolidation
shall not constitute such a demand. A stockholder electing to
take such action must do so by a separate written demand as
herein provided. Within ten days after the effective date of
such merger or consolidation, the surviving or resulting
corporation shall notify each stockholder of each constituent
corporation who has complied with this subsection and has not
voted in favor of or consented to the merger or consolidation of
the date that the merger or consolidation has become
effective; or
(2) If the merger or consolidation was approved pursuant to
§ 228 or § 253 of this title, then, either a
constituent corporation before the effective date of the merger
or consolidation, or the surviving or resulting corporation
within ten days thereafter, shall notify each of the holders of
any class or series of stock of such constituent corporation who
are entitled to appraisal rights of the approval of the merger
or consolidation and that appraisal rights are available for any
or all shares of such class or series of stock of such
constituent corporation, and shall include in such notice a copy
of this section. Such notice may, and, if given on or after the
effective date of the merger or consolidation, shall, also
notify such stockholders of the effective date of the merger or
consolidation. Any stockholder entitled to appraisal rights may,
within 20 days after the date of mailing of such notice,
demand in writing from the surviving or resulting corporation
the appraisal of such holder’s shares. Such demand will be
sufficient if it reasonably informs the corporation of the
identity of the stockholder and that the stockholder intends
thereby to demand the appraisal of such holder’s shares. If
such notice did not notify stockholders of the effective date of
the merger or consolidation, either (i) each such
constituent corporation shall send a second notice before the
effective date of the merger or consolidation notifying each of
the holders of any class or series of stock of such constituent
corporation that are entitled to appraisal rights of the
effective date of the merger or consolidation or (ii) the
surviving or resulting corporation shall send such a second
notice to all such holders on or within ten days after such
effective date; provided, however, that if such second notice is
sent more than 20 days following the sending of the first
notice, such second notice need only be sent to each stockholder
who is entitled to appraisal rights and who has demanded
appraisal of such holder’s shares in accordance with this
subsection. An affidavit of the secretary or assistant secretary
or of the transfer agent of the corporation that is required to
give either notice that such notice has been given shall, in the
absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated
therein. For purposes of determining the stockholders entitled
to receive either notice, each constituent corporation may fix,
in advance, a record date that shall be not more than ten days
prior to the date the notice is given,
provided, that if the notice is given on or after the effective
date of the merger or consolidation, the record date shall be
such effective date. If no record date is fixed and the notice
is given prior to the effective date, the record date shall be
the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which
the notice is given.
(e) Within 120 days after the effective date of the
merger or consolidation, the surviving or resulting corporation
or any stockholder who has complied with subsections
(a) and (d) hereof and who is otherwise entitled to
appraisal rights, may file a petition in the Court of Chancery
demanding a determination of the value of the stock of all such
stockholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time within
60 days after the effective date of the merger or
consolidation, any stockholder shall have the right to withdraw
such stockholder’s demand for appraisal and to accept the
terms offered upon the merger or consolidation. Within
120 days after the effective date of the merger or
consolidation, any stockholder who has complied with the
requirements of subsections (a) and (d) hereof, upon
written request, shall be entitled to receive from the
corporation surviving the merger or resulting from the
consolidation a statement setting forth the aggregate number of
shares not voted in favor of the merger or consolidation and
with respect to which demands for appraisal have been received
and the aggregate number of holders of such shares. Such written
statement shall be mailed to the stockholder within ten days
after such stockholder’s written request for such a
statement is received by the surviving or resulting corporation
or within ten days after expiration of the period for delivery
of demands for appraisal under subsection (d) hereof,
whichever is later.
(f) Upon the filing of any such petition by a stockholder,
service of a copy thereof shall be made upon the surviving or
resulting corporation, which shall within 20 days after
such service file in the office of the Register in Chancery in
which the petition was filed a duly verified list containing the
names and addresses of all stockholders who have demanded
payment for their shares and with whom agreements as to the
value of their shares have not been reached by the surviving or
resulting corporation. If the petition shall be filed by the
surviving or resulting corporation, the petition shall be
accompanied by such a duly verified list. The Register in
Chancery, if so ordered by the Court, shall give notice of the
time and place fixed for the hearing of such petition by
registered or certified mail to the surviving or resulting
corporation and to the stockholders shown on the list at the
addresses therein stated. Such notice shall also be given by 1
or more publications at least 1 week before the day of the
hearing, in a newspaper of general circulation published in the
City of Wilmington, Delaware or such publication as the Court
deems advisable. The forms of the notices by mail and by
publication shall be approved by the Court, and the costs
thereof shall be borne by the surviving or resulting corporation.
(g) At the hearing on such petition, the Court shall
determine the stockholders who have complied with this section
and who have become entitled to appraisal rights. The Court may
require the stockholders who have demanded an appraisal for
their shares and who hold stock represented by certificates to
submit their certificates of stock to the Register in Chancery
for notation thereon of the pendency of the appraisal
proceedings; and if any stockholder fails to comply with such
direction, the Court may dismiss the proceedings as to such
stockholder.
(h) After determining the stockholders entitled to an
appraisal, the Court shall appraise the shares, determining
their fair value exclusive of any element of value arising from
the accomplishment or expectation of the merger or
consolidation, together with a fair rate of interest, if any, to
be paid upon the amount determined to be the fair value. In
determining such fair value, the Court shall take into account
all relevant factors. In determining the fair rate of interest,
the Court may consider all relevant factors, including the rate
of interest which the surviving or resulting corporation would
have had to pay to borrow money during the pendency of the
proceeding. Upon application by the surviving or resulting
corporation or by any stockholder entitled to participate in the
appraisal proceeding, the Court may, in its discretion, permit
discovery or other pretrial proceedings and may proceed to trial
upon the appraisal prior to the final determination of the
stockholder entitled to an appraisal. Any stockholder whose name
appears on the list filed by the surviving or resulting
corporation pursuant to subsection (f) of this section
and who has submitted such stockholder’s certificates of
stock to the Register in Chancery, if such is required, may
participate fully in all proceedings until it is finally
determined that such stockholder is not entitled to appraisal
rights under this section.
(i) The Court shall direct the payment of the fair value of
the shares, together with interest, if any, by the surviving or
resulting corporation to the stockholders entitled thereto.
Interest may be simple or compound, as the Court may direct.
Payment shall be so made to each such stockholder, in the case
of holders of uncertificated stock forthwith, and the case of
holders of shares represented by certificates upon the surrender
to the corporation of the certificates representing such stock.
The Court’s decree may be enforced as other decrees in the
Court of Chancery may be enforced, whether such surviving or
resulting corporation be a corporation of this State or of any
state.
(j) The costs of the proceeding may be determined by the
Court and taxed upon the parties as the Court deems equitable in
the circumstances. Upon application of a stockholder, the Court
may order all or a portion of the expenses incurred by any
stockholder in connection with the appraisal proceeding,
including, without limitation, reasonable attorney’s fees
and the fees and expenses of experts, to be charged pro rata
against the value of all the shares entitled to an appraisal.
(k) From and after the effective date of the merger or
consolidation, no stockholder who has demanded appraisal rights
as provided in subsection (d) of this section shall be
entitled to vote such stock for any purpose or to receive
payment of dividends or other distributions on the stock (except
dividends or other distributions payable to stockholders of
record at a date which is prior to the effective date of the
merger or consolidation); provided, however, that if no petition
for an appraisal shall be filed within the time provided in
subsection (e) of this section, or if such stockholder
shall deliver to the surviving or resulting corporation a
written withdrawal of such stockholder’s demand for an
appraisal and an acceptance of the merger or consolidation,
either within 60 days after the effective date of the
merger or consolidation as provided in
subsection (e) of this section or thereafter with the
written approval of the corporation, then the right of such
stockholder to an appraisal shall cease. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, no appraisal proceeding in the Court of Chancery
shall be dismissed as to any stockholder without the approval of
the Court, and such approval may be conditioned upon such terms
as the Court deems just.
(l) The shares of the surviving or resulting corporation to
which the shares of such objecting stockholders would have been
converted had they assented to the merger or consolidation shall
have the status of authorized and unissued shares of the
surviving or resulting corporation.
— FOLD AND
DETACH HERE IF YOU ARE RETURNING YOUR PROXY CARD BY MAIL —
PROXY
PULITZER INC.
THIS PROXY SOLICITED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR THE
SPECIAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS TO BE HELD ________, 2005
Michael E. Pulitzer and Emily Rauh Pulitzer, and each of them, as the true and lawful
attorneys, agents and proxies of the undersigned, with full power of substitution, are hereby
authorized to represent and to vote, as designated below, all shares of common stock of Pulitzer
Inc. (the “Company”) held of record by the undersigned on [March 23], 2005, at the Special Meeting
of Stockholders to be held at ___, Eastern Daylight Time, on ___, 2005, at
___, and at any
adjournment or postponement thereof.
Discretionary authority is hereby granted with respect to such other matters as may properly
come before the meeting.
The signor acknowledges receipt of the Notice of Special Meeting of Stockholders to be held on
___, 2005 and the Proxy Statement of the Company, each dated ___, 2005.
YOU ARE ENCOURAGED TO SPECIFY YOUR CHOICE BY MARKING THE APPROPRIATE BOX ON THE REVERSE SIDE, BUT
YOU NEED NOT MARK ANY BOX IF YOU WISH TO VOTE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS’
RECOMMENDATION.
PLEASE VOTE, DATE AND SIGN THIS PROXY ON THE OTHER SIDE AND RETURN IT PROMPTLY IN THE ENCLOSED
ENVELOPE.
Pulitzer Inc. encourages you to take advantage of new and convenient ways
to vote your shares. You can vote your shares electronically through the
Internet or the telephone, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This eliminates the
need to return the attached proxy card.
To vote your shares by these means, please use the control number printed
in the box below. The series of numbers that appears in the box below must be
used to access the system. To ensure that your vote will be counted, please
cast your Internet or telephone vote before 12:01 a.m. on ________________, 2005.
Enter your Voter Control Number listed above
and follow the easy steps outlined on
the secured website.
2.
Enter your Voter Control Number listed above
and follow the easy recorded instructions.
Your electronic or telephone vote authorizes the named proxies in the same manner as if you
marked, signed, dated and returned the attached proxy card.
If
you choose to vote your shares electronically or by telephone, there is no need for you to
mail back the proxy card.
— DETACH HERE IF YOU ARE RETURNING YOUR PROXY CARD BY MAIL —
x
Please mark your vote as in this example.
UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, THIS PROXY WILL BE VOTED “FOR” PROPOSAL NO. 1.