NOTE 2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING
POLICIES:
Consolidation Policy - The consolidated
financial statements include the Company, the Bank, NPB Insurance Services, Inc., and NPB Web Services, Inc. (Hereinafter, collectively
referred to as “The Company.”) All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. In accordance
with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 942, Financial Services – Depository and Lending, NPB Capital
Trust I and 2 are not included in the consolidated financial statements.
Use of Estimates - The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at
the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results
could differ from those estimates. The determination of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is based on estimates that
are particularly susceptible to significant changes in the economic environment and market conditions.
Cash and Cash Equivalents –
Cash and cash equivalents as used in the cash flow statements include cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits with banks,
and federal funds sold.
Investment Securities –
Management determines the appropriate classification of securities at the time of purchase. If management has the intent and the
Company has the ability at the time of purchase to hold securities until maturity, they are classified as held to maturity and
carried at amortized historical cost. Securities not intended to be held to maturity are classified as available for sale and carried
at fair value. Securities available for sale are intended to be used as part of the Company’s asset and liability management
strategy and may be sold in response to changes in interest rates, prepayment risk or other similar factors.
The amortization of premiums and accretion
of discounts are recognized in interest income using the effective interest method over the period to maturity. Realized gains
and losses on dispositions are based on the net proceeds and the adjusted book value of the securities sold, using the specific
identification method. Realized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale are included in noninterest income and, when applicable,
are reported as a reclassification adjustment, net of tax, in other comprehensive income. Unrealized gains and losses on investment
securities available for sale are based on the difference between book value and fair value of each security. These gains and losses
are credited or charged to other comprehensive income, net of tax, whereas realized gains and losses flow through the statements
of income.
Loans – Loans are carried
on the balance sheet at unpaid principal balance, net of any unearned interest and the allowance for loan losses. Interest income
on loans is computed using the effective interest method, except where serious doubt exists as to the collectibility of the loan,
in which case accrual of the income is discontinued.
It is the Company’s policy to
stop accruing interest on a loan, and classify that loan as non-accrual under the following circumstances: (a) whenever we are
advised by the borrower that scheduled payment or interest payments cannot be met, (b) when our best judgment indicates that payment
in full of principal and interest can no longer be expected, or (c) when any such loan or obligation becomes delinquent for 90
days unless it is both well secured and in the process of collection. All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are
place on nonaccrual or charged off is reversed against interest income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash
basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Generally, loans are returned to accrual status when all
the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current, six consecutive timely payments are made, and prospects
for future contractual payments are reasonably assured.
A loan is considered impaired when,
based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal
or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining
impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments
when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management
determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of
the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s
prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on
a loan by loan basis for commercial and construction loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted
at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the
loan is collateral dependent.
Significant Group Concentrations
of Credit Risk – The Company identifies a concentration as any obligation, direct or indirect, of the same or affiliated
interests which represent 25% or more of the Company’s capital structure, or $11.7 million as of December 31, 2016. Most
of the Company’s activities are with customers located within the southwest Virginia, southern West Virginia, and northeastern
Tennessee region. Certain concentrations may pose credit risk. The Company does not have any significant concentrations to any
one industry or customer.
Allowance for Loan Losses –
The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level that, in management’s judgment, is adequate to absorb credit losses
inherent in the loan portfolio. The loan portfolio is analyzed periodically and loans are assigned a risk rating. Allowances for
impaired loans are generally determined based on collateral values or the present value of expected cash flows. A general allowance
is made for all other loans not considered impaired as deemed appropriate by management. In determining the adequacy of the allowance,
management considers the following factors: the nature of the portfolio, credit concentrations, trends in historical loss experience,
specific impaired loans, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, prevailing environmental factors and economic conditions,
and other inherent risks. While management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, further reductions in the carrying
amounts of loans may be necessary based on changes in collateral values and changes in estimates of cash flows on impaired loans.
This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information
becomes available.
The allowance is increased by a provision
for loan losses, which is charged to expense and reduced by charge-offs, net of recoveries. Loans are charged against the allowance
for loan losses when management believes that collectability of all or part of the principal is unlikely. Past due status is determined
based on contractual terms.
In regard to our consumer and consumer
real estate loan portfolio, the Company uses the guidance found in the Uniform Retail Credit Classification and Account Management
Policy which affects our estimate of the allowance for loan losses. Under this approach, a consumer or consumer real estate loan
must initially have a credit risk grade of Pass or better. Subsequently, if the loan becomes contractually 90 days past due or
the borrower files for bankruptcy protection, the loan is downgraded to Substandard and placed in nonaccrual status. If the loan
is unsecured, upon being deemed Substandard, the entire loan amount is charged off. For non 1-4 family residential loans that are
90 days past due or greater, or in bankruptcy, the collateral value less estimated liquidation costs is compared to the loan balance
to calculate any potential deficiency. If the collateral is sufficient then no charge-off is necessary. If a deficiency exists,
then upon the loan becoming contractually 120 days past due, the deficiency is charged-off against the allowance for loan loss.
In the case of 1-4 family residential or home equity loans, upon the loan becoming 120 days past due, a current value is obtained
and after application of an estimated liquidation discount, a comparison is made to the loan balance to calculate any deficiency.
Subsequently, any noted deficiency is then charged-off against the allowance for loan loss when the loan becomes contractually
180 days past due. If the customer has filed bankruptcy, then within 60 days of the bankruptcy notice, any calculated deficiency
is charged-off against the allowance for loan loss. Collection efforts continue by means of repossessions or foreclosures, and
upon bank ownership, liquidation ensues.
Other Real Estate Owned –
Other real estate owned represents properties acquired through foreclosure or deed taken in lieu of foreclosure. At the time of
acquisition, these properties are recorded at fair value less estimated costs to sell. Expenses incurred in connection with operating
these properties and subsequent write-downs, if any, are charged to expense. Subsequent to foreclosure, management periodically
considers the adequacy of the reserve for losses on the property. Gains and losses on the sales of these properties are credited
or charged to income in the year of the sale.
Bank Premises and Equipment –
Land, buildings and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line
method over the following estimated useful lives:
Type |
|
Estimated useful life |
Buildings |
|
39 years |
Paving and landscaping |
|
15 years |
Computer equipment and software |
|
3 to 5 years |
Vehicles |
|
5 years |
Furniture and other equipment |
|
5 to 10 years |
Stock Options - The Company records
compensation related to stock options pursuant to ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation, which requires the estimated
fair market value of the expense to be reflected over the period the award is earned which is presumed to be the vesting period.
For additional discussion concerning stock options see Note 15, “Stock Option Plan.”
Common Stock Warrants - The company
issued common stock warrants as a result of its conversion of Director notes and the completion of its common stock offering in
2012. For additional discussion concerning these transactions including the terms and value of the warrants, see Note 22, “Capital.”
Income Taxes – Deferred
income tax assets and liabilities are determined using the liability (or balance sheet) method. Under this method, the net deferred
tax asset or liability is determined based on the tax effects of the temporary differences between the book and tax bases of the
various balance sheet assets and liabilities and gives current recognition to changes in tax rates and laws. If all or a portion
of the net deferred tax asset is determined to be unlikely to be realized, a valuation allowance is established to reduce the net
deferred tax asset to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.
In the event the Company has unrecognized
tax expense in future accounting periods, the Company will recognize interest in interest expense and penalties in operating expenses.
There were no interest or penalties related to an unrecognized tax position for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. Because
of the impact of deferred tax accounting, other than interest and penalties, the reversal of the Company’s treatment by taxing
authorities would not affect the annual effective tax rate but would defer or accelerate the payment of cash to the taxing authority.
The Company’s tax filings for years ended 2014 through 2016 are currently open to audit under statutes of limitations by
the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and state taxing authorities.
Income Per Share – Basic
income per share computations are based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during each year. Dilutive earnings
per share reflects the additional common shares that would have been outstanding if dilutive potential common shares had been issued.
Potential common shares that may be issued relate to outstanding options and common stock warrants and are determined by the Treasury
Method. For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, potential common shares of 881,978 and 882,353, respectively, were anti-dilutive
and were not included in the calculation. Basic and diluted net income per common share calculations follows:
(Amounts in Thousands, Except |
|
For the years ended |
Share and Per Share Data) |
|
December 31, |
|
|
2016 |
|
2015 |
Net income |
$ |
958 |
$ |
2,662 |
Weighted average shares outstanding |
|
23,354,155 |
|
22,955,391 |
Weighted average dilutive shares outstanding |
|
23,354,155 |
|
22,955,391 |
Basic and diluted income per share |
$ |
0.04 |
$ |
0.12 |
Financial Instruments – Off-balance-sheet
instruments - In the ordinary course of business, the Company has entered into commitments to extend credit. Such financial
instruments are recorded in the financial statements when they are funded.
Comprehensive Income (Loss) –
Generally accepted accounting principles require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income.
Although certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, are reported
as a separate component of the equity section of the balance sheet, such items, along with net income, are components of comprehensive
income. The change in unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities is our only component of other comprehensive
income.
Advertising Cost – Advertising
costs are expensed in the period incurred.
Business Combinations - For purchase
acquisitions accounted for as a business combination, the Company is required to record the assets acquired, including identified
intangible assets and liabilities assumed at their fair value, which in many instances involves estimates based on third party
valuations, such as appraisals, or internal valuations based on discounted cash flow analyses or other valuation techniques. The
determination of the useful lives of intangible assets is subjective, as is the appropriate amortization method for such intangible
assets. In addition, purchase acquisitions may result in goodwill, which is subject to ongoing periodic impairment testing based
on the fair value of net assets acquired compared to the carrying value of goodwill. Changes in acquisition multiples, the overall
interest rate environment, or the continuing operations of the assets acquired could have a significant impact on the periodic
impairment testing.
Reclassification – Certain
reclassifications have been made to the prior years’ financial statements to place them on a comparable basis with the current
year. Net income and stockholders’ equity previously reported were not affected by these reclassifications.
Subsequent Events – The
Company has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through the date these consolidated financial
statements were issued.
|