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Ebay Inc. – ‘10-K’ for 12/31/20 – ‘R29’

On:  Thursday, 2/4/21, at 4:15pm ET   ·   For:  12/31/20   ·   Accession #:  1065088-21-6   ·   File #:  1-37713

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  As Of               Filer                 Filing    For·On·As Docs:Size

 2/04/21  Ebay Inc.                         10-K       12/31/20  134:17M

Annual Report   —   Form 10-K
Filing Table of Contents

Document/Exhibit                   Description                      Pages   Size 

 1: 10-K        Annual Report                                       HTML   1.95M 
 2: EX-2.04     Plan of Acquisition, Reorganization, Arrangement,   HTML     63K 
                Liquidation or Succession                                        
 3: EX-10.53+   Material Contract                                   HTML     54K 
 4: EX-21.01    Subsidiaries List                                   HTML     39K 
 5: EX-23.01    Consent of Expert or Counsel                        HTML     35K 
 6: EX-31.01    Certification of Registrant's CEO as Required by    HTML     40K 
                Section 302                                                      
 7: EX-31.02    Certification of Registrant's CFO as Required by    HTML     40K 
                Section 302                                                      
 8: EX-32.01    Certification of Registrant's CEO as Required by    HTML     37K 
                Section 906                                                      
 9: EX-32.02    Certification of Registrants CFO as Required by     HTML     37K 
                Section 906                                                      
16: R1          Cover Page                                          HTML    105K 
17: R2          Consolidated Balance Sheet                          HTML    155K 
18: R3          Consolidated Balance Sheet (Parentheticals)         HTML     47K 
19: R4          Consolidated Statement of Income                    HTML    132K 
20: R5          Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income      HTML     67K 
21: R6          Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity      HTML    117K 
22: R7          Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows                HTML    181K 
23: R8          The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting   HTML     92K 
                Policies                                                         
24: R9          Net Income Per Share                                HTML     65K 
25: R10         Business Combinations                               HTML     44K 
26: R11         Discontinued Operations                             HTML    174K 
27: R12         Goodwill and Intangible Assets                      HTML     78K 
28: R13         Segments                                            HTML     76K 
29: R14         Investments                                         HTML    110K 
30: R15         Derivative Instruments                              HTML    123K 
31: R16         Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities    HTML    111K 
32: R17         Balance Sheet Components                            HTML     72K 
33: R18         Debt                                                HTML    113K 
34: R19         Leases                                              HTML    146K 
35: R20         Commitments and Contingencies                       HTML     50K 
36: R21         Stockholders' Equity                                HTML     55K 
37: R22         Employee Benefit Plans                              HTML     70K 
38: R23         Income Taxes                                        HTML    129K 
39: R24         Interest and Other, Net                             HTML     51K 
40: R25         Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income              HTML     86K 
41: R26         Restructuring                                       HTML     43K 
42: R27         Supplementary Data - Quarterly Financial Data -     HTML    110K 
                Unaudited                                                        
43: R28         Financial Statement Schedule                        HTML     78K 
44: R29         The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting   HTML    131K 
                Policies (Policies)                                              
45: R30         Net Income Per Share (Tables)                       HTML     64K 
46: R31         Business Combinations (Tables)                      HTML     42K 
47: R32         Discontinued Operations (Tables)                    HTML    173K 
48: R33         Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)             HTML     82K 
49: R34         Segments (Tables)                                   HTML     74K 
50: R35         Investments (Tables)                                HTML    109K 
51: R36         Derivative Instruments (Tables)                     HTML    114K 
52: R37         Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities    HTML    110K 
                (Tables)                                                         
53: R38         Balance Sheet Components (Tables)                   HTML     87K 
54: R39         Debt (Tables)                                       HTML    100K 
55: R40         Leases (Tables)                                     HTML    107K 
56: R41         Stockholders' Equity (Tables)                       HTML     49K 
57: R42         Employee Benefit Plans (Tables)                     HTML     62K 
58: R43         Income Taxes (Tables)                               HTML    130K 
59: R44         Interest and Other, Net (Tables)                    HTML     50K 
60: R45         Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Tables)     HTML     87K 
61: R46         Restructuring (Tables)                              HTML     42K 
62: R47         Supplementary Data - Quarterly Financial Data -     HTML    109K 
                Unaudited (Tables)                                               
63: R48         The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting   HTML     51K 
                Policies - The Company (Details)                                 
64: R49         The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting   HTML     39K 
                Policies - Revenue Recognition (Details)                         
65: R50         The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting   HTML     49K 
                Policies - Internal Use Software and Platform                    
                Development Costs (Details)                                      
66: R51         The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting   HTML     43K 
                Policies - Leases (Details)                                      
67: R52         The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting   HTML     38K 
                Policies - Advertising Expense (Details)                         
68: R53         The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting   HTML     44K 
                Policies - Provision for Credit Losses and                       
                Customer Accounts and Funds Receivable (Details)                 
69: R54         The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting   HTML     48K 
                Policies - Property and Equipment (Details)                      
70: R55         The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting   HTML     40K 
                Policies - Goodwill and Intangible Assets                        
                (Details)                                                        
71: R56         The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting   HTML     38K 
                Policies - Impairment of Long-Lived Assets                       
                (Details)                                                        
72: R57         The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting   HTML     39K 
                Policies - Derivative Instruments (Details)                      
73: R58         Net Income Per Share (Details)                      HTML    102K 
74: R59         Business Combinations (Details)                     HTML     54K 
75: R60         Discontinued Operations - Narrative (Details)       HTML     92K 
76: R61         Discontinued Operations - Summary of Financial      HTML     87K 
                Results (Details)                                                
77: R62         Discontinued Operations - Summary of Cash Flow      HTML     53K 
                Information (Details)                                            
78: R63         Discontinued Operations - Summary of Assets and     HTML    120K 
                Liabilities (Details)                                            
79: R64         Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Goodwill Balances  HTML     45K 
                and Adjustments (Details)                                        
80: R65         Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Intangible Assets  HTML     61K 
                (Details)                                                        
81: R66         Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Expected Future    HTML     40K 
                Intangible Asset Amortization (Details)                          
82: R67         Segments (Details)                                  HTML     79K 
83: R68         Investments - Available-For-Sale Securities         HTML     77K 
                (Details)                                                        
84: R69         Investments - Additional Information (Details)      HTML     62K 
85: R70         Investments - Equity Investments (Details)          HTML     42K 
86: R71         Investments - Unrealized Gain (Loss) on             HTML     42K 
                Investments (Details)                                            
87: R72         Investments - Carrying Value of Equity Investments  HTML     53K 
                Without Readily Determinable Fair Values (Details)               
88: R73         Derivative Instruments - Additional Information     HTML    118K 
                (Details)                                                        
89: R74         Derivative Instruments - Fair Value of Derivative   HTML     70K 
                Instruments (Details)                                            
90: R75         Derivative Instruments - Effect of Derivative       HTML     54K 
                Contracts on Accumulated Other Comprehensive                     
                Income (Details)                                                 
91: R76         Derivative Instruments - Effect of Derivative       HTML     62K 
                Contracts on Condensed Consolidated Financial                    
                Information (Details)                                            
92: R77         Derivative Instruments - Notional Amount of         HTML     49K 
                Derivatives Outstanding (Details)                                
93: R78         Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities -  HTML    101K 
                Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair                
                Value, Recurring (Details)                                       
94: R79         Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities -  HTML     44K 
                Assets Measured Valued Using Unobservable Inputs                 
                (Details)                                                        
95: R80         Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities -  HTML     57K 
                Quantitative Information About Level 3 Significant               
                Inputs (Details)                                                 
96: R81         Balance Sheet Components - Cash, Cash Equivalents   HTML     44K 
                and Restricted Cash (Details)                                    
97: R82         Balance Sheet Components - Other Current Assets     HTML     42K 
                (Details)                                                        
98: R83         Balance Sheet Components - Property, Plant and      HTML     58K 
                Equipment (Details)                                              
99: R84         Balance Sheet Components - Accrued Expense and      HTML     50K 
                Other Current Liabilities (Details)                              
100: R85         Debt - Carrying Value of Outstanding Debt           HTML    114K  
                (Details)                                                        
101: R86         Debt - Senior Notes (Details)                       HTML    139K  
102: R87         Debt - Commercial Paper and Credit Agreement        HTML     62K  
                (Details)                                                        
103: R88         Debt - Expected Future Maturities of Long Term      HTML     54K  
                Debt (Details)                                                   
104: R89         Leases - Summary of Leases by Balance Sheet         HTML     68K  
                Location (Details)                                               
105: R90         Leases - Summary of Lease Costs (Details)           HTML     45K  
106: R91         Leases - Summary of Operating and Finance Lease     HTML     81K  
                Maturities (Details)                                             
107: R92         Leases - Summary of Lease Terms and Discount Rate   HTML     42K  
                (Details)                                                        
108: R93         Leases - Summary of Supplemental Cash Flow          HTML     49K  
                Information (Details)                                            
109: R94         Commitments and Contingencies (Details)             HTML     38K  
110: R95         Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information       HTML     72K  
                (Details)                                                        
111: R96         Stockholders' Equity - Summary of Repurchase        HTML     64K  
                Activity (Details)                                               
112: R97         Employee Benefit Plans - Equity Incentive Plans     HTML     78K  
                (Details)                                                        
113: R98         Employee Benefit Plans - Deferred Stock Units       HTML     48K  
                (Details)                                                        
114: R99         Employee Benefit Plans - Employee Stock Purchase    HTML     52K  
                Plan (Details)                                                   
115: R100        Employee Benefit Plans - Stock Option Activity      HTML     40K  
                (Details)                                                        
116: R101        Employee Benefit Plans - Restricted Stock Units     HTML     67K  
                (Details)                                                        
117: R102        Employee Benefit Plans - Stock Based Compensation   HTML     55K  
                Expense (Details)                                                
118: R103        Employee Benefit Plans - Employee Savings Plans     HTML     45K  
                (Details)                                                        
119: R104        Income Taxes - Components of Pretax Income and      HTML     74K  
                Provision for Income Taxes (Details)                             
120: R105        Income Taxes - Income Tax Reconciliation (Details)  HTML     66K  
121: R106        Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred     HTML     67K  
                Tax Liabilities (Details)                                        
122: R107        Income Taxes - Tax Credit Carryforwards (Details)   HTML     65K  
123: R108        Income Taxes - Changes Unrecognized Tax Benefits    HTML     48K  
                (Details)                                                        
124: R109        Income Taxes - Unrecognized Tax Benefits -          HTML     48K  
                Additional Information (Details)                                 
125: R110        Interest and Other, Net (Details)                   HTML     73K  
126: R111        Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income - Changes    HTML     88K  
                in Accumulated Balances of Other Comprehensive                   
                Income (Details)                                                 
127: R112        Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income -            HTML     81K  
                Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other                       
                Comprehensive Income (Details)                                   
128: R113        Restructuring (Details)                             HTML     44K  
129: R114        Supplementary Data - Quarterly Financial Data -     HTML    106K  
                Unaudited (Details)                                              
130: R115        Financial Statement Schedule (Details)              HTML     58K  
132: XML         IDEA XML File -- Filing Summary                      XML    249K  
15: XML         XBRL Instance -- ebay-20201231_htm                   XML   4.72M 
131: EXCEL       IDEA Workbook of Financial Reports                  XLSX    179K  
11: EX-101.CAL  XBRL Calculations -- ebay-20201231_cal               XML    494K 
12: EX-101.DEF  XBRL Definitions -- ebay-20201231_def                XML   1.39M 
13: EX-101.LAB  XBRL Labels -- ebay-20201231_lab                     XML   2.84M 
14: EX-101.PRE  XBRL Presentations -- ebay-20201231_pre              XML   1.88M 
10: EX-101.SCH  XBRL Schema -- ebay-20201231                         XSD    276K 
133: JSON        XBRL Instance as JSON Data -- MetaLinks              643±   965K  
134: ZIP         XBRL Zipped Folder -- 0001065088-21-000006-xbrl      Zip    710K  


‘R29’   —   The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)


This is an IDEA Financial Report.  [ Alternative Formats ]



 
v3.20.4
The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Use of Estimates Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to provisions for transaction losses, legal contingencies, income taxes, revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, investments, goodwill and the recoverability of intangible assets. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation The accompanying financial statements are consolidated and include the financial statements of eBay Inc., our wholly and majority-owned subsidiaries and variable interest entities (“VIE”) where we are the primary beneficiary. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Minority interests are recorded as a noncontrolling interest. A qualitative approach is applied to assess the consolidation requirement for VIEs. Investments in entities where we hold at least a 20% ownership interest and have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. For such investments, our share of the investees’ results of operations is included in interest and other, net and our investment balance is included in long-term investments. Investments in entities where we hold less than a 20% ownership interest are generally accounted for as equity investments to be measured at fair value or, under an election, at cost if it does not have readily determinable fair value, in which case the carrying value would be adjusted upon the occurrence of an observable price change in an orderly transaction for identical or similar instruments or impairment.
Revenue recognition
Revenue recognition
We recognize revenue when we transfer control of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities.
Net transaction revenues
Our net transaction revenues primarily include final value fees, feature fees, including fees to promote listings, and listing fees from sellers in our Marketplace. Our net transaction revenues also include store subscription and other fees often from large enterprise sellers. Our net transaction revenues are reduced by incentives provided to our customers.
We identified one performance obligation to sellers on our Marketplace platform, which is to connect buyers and sellers on our secure and trusted Marketplace platforms. Final value fees are recognized when an item is sold on a Marketplace platform, satisfying this performance obligation. There may be additional services available to Marketplace sellers, mainly to promote or feature listings, that are not distinct within the context of the contract. Accordingly, fees for these additional services are recognized when the single performance obligation is satisfied. Promoted listing fees are recognized when the item is sold and feature and listing fees are recognized when an item is sold, or when the contract expires.
Store subscription and other nonstandard listing contracts may contain multiple performance obligations, including discounts on future services. Determining whether performance obligations should be accounted for separately or combined may require significant judgment. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on its stand-alone selling price (“SSP”). In instances where SSP is not directly observable, we generally estimate selling prices based on when they are sold to customers of a similar nature and geography. These estimates are generally based on pricing strategies, market factors, strategic objectives and observable inputs. Store subscription revenues are recognized over the subscription period, and discounts offered through store subscription or nonstandard listing contracts are recognized when the options are exercised or when the options expire.
Further, to drive traffic to our platforms, we provide incentives to buyers and sellers in various forms including discounts on fees, discounts on items sold, coupons and rewards. Evaluating whether a promotion or incentive is a payment to a customer may require significant judgment. Promotions and incentives which are consideration payable to a customer are recognized as a reduction of revenue at the later of when revenue is recognized or when we pay or promise to pay the incentive. Promotions and incentives to most buyers on our Marketplace platforms, to whom we have no performance obligation, are recognized as sales and marketing expense. In addition, we may provide credits to customers when we refund certain fees. Credits are accounted for as variable consideration at contract inception when estimating the amount of revenue to be recognized when a performance obligation is satisfied to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue will not occur and updated as additional information becomes available.
Marketing services and other revenues

Our marketing services and other revenues are derived principally from the sale of advertisements, classifieds fees, and revenue sharing arrangements. Advertising revenue is derived principally from the sale of online advertisements which are based on “impressions” (i.e., the number of times that an advertisement appears in pages viewed by users of our platforms) or “clicks” (which are generated each time users on our platforms click through our advertisements to an advertiser’s designated website) delivered to advertisers. We use the output method and apply the practical expedient to recognize advertising revenue in the amount to which we have a right to invoice. For contracts with target advertising commitments with rebates, estimated payout is accounted for as a variable consideration to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue will not occur.

Revenues related to revenue sharing arrangements are recognized based on whether we are the principal and are responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified services or whether we are an agent arranging for those services to be provided by our partners. Determining whether we are a principal or agent in these contracts may require significant judgment. If we are the principal, we recognize revenue in the gross amount of consideration received from the customer, whereas if we are an agent, we recognize revenue net of the consideration due to our partners at a point in time when the services are provided. Our most significant revenue share arrangements are with shipping service providers. We are primarily acting as an agent in these contracts and revenues are recognized at a point in time when we have satisfied our promise of connecting the shipping service provider to our customer.
Contract balances  

Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. Accounts receivable represents amounts invoiced and revenue recognized prior to invoicing when we have satisfied our performance obligation and have the unconditional right to payment. The allowance for doubtful accounts and authorized credits is estimated based upon our assessment of various factors including historical experience, the age of the accounts receivable balances, current economic conditions and other factors that may affect our customers’ ability to pay. The allowance for doubtful accounts and authorized credits was $136 million and $110 million as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Deferred revenue consists of fees received related to unsatisfied performance obligations at the end of the period. Due to the generally short-term duration of contracts, the majority of the performance obligations are satisfied in the following reporting period.
Internal use software and platform development costs Internal use software and platform development costs Direct costs incurred to develop software for internal use and platform development costs are capitalized and amortized over an estimated useful life of one to five years. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, we capitalized costs, primarily related to labor and stock-based compensation, of $129 million and $137 million, respectively. Amortization of previously capitalized amounts was $139 million, $150 million and $160 million for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Costs related to the design or maintenance of internal use software and platform development are expensed as incurred.
Advertising expense Advertising expense We expense the costs of producing advertisements at the time production occurs and expense the cost of communicating advertisements in the period during which the advertising space or airtime is used, in each case as sales and marketing expense. Internet advertising expenses are recognized based on the terms of the individual agreements, which are generally over the greater of the ratio of the number of impressions delivered over the total number of contracted impressions, on a pay-per-click basis, or on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract.
Stock-based compensation Stock-based compensation We have equity incentive plans under which we grant equity awards, including stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), total shareholder return performance stock units (“TSR PSUs”), performance-based restricted stock units, and performance share units, to our directors, officers and employees. We primarily issue RSUs. We determine compensation expense associated with RSUs based on the fair value of our common stock on the date of grant. We determine compensation expense associated with stock options based on the estimated grant date fair value method using the Black-Scholes valuation model. We generally recognize compensation expense using a straight-line amortization method over the respective vesting period for awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Accordingly, stock-based compensation expense for 2020, 2019 and 2018 has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. When estimating forfeitures, we consider voluntary termination behaviors as well as trends of actual option forfeitures. We recognize a benefit or provision from stock-based compensation in earnings as a component of income tax expense to the extent that an incremental tax benefit or deficiency is realized by following the ordering provisions of the tax law.
Provision for transaction losses
Provision for transaction losses

Provision for transaction losses consists primarily of losses resulting from our buyer protection programs, payment misuse including chargebacks for unauthorized credit card use and merchant related chargebacks due to non-delivery of goods or services and account takeovers.
Provision for transaction losses represent our estimate of actual losses based on our historical experience and many other factors including changes to our protection programs, the impact of regulatory changes as well as economic conditions such as COVID-19.
Provision for credit losses and Customer accounts and funds receivable
Provision for credit losses

Provision for credit losses consist of bad debt expense associated with our accounts receivable balance. These losses are recorded in provision for transaction losses in our consolidated statement of income.

We are exposed to credit losses primarily through our receivables from sellers or advertisers. We develop estimates to reflect the risk of credit loss which are based on historical loss trends adjusted for asset specific attributes, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts of the economic conditions that will exist through the contractual life of the financial asset. Our receivables are recovered over a period of 0-180 days, therefore, forecasted changes to economic conditions are not expected to have a significant effect on the estimate of the allowance for doubtful accounts, except in extraordinary circumstances. We write off the asset when it is no longer deemed collectible or when it goes past due 180 days whichever is earlier, with certain limited exceptions. We monitor our ongoing credit exposure through an active review of collection trends. Our activities include monitoring the timeliness of payment collection, managing dispute resolution and performing timely account reconciliations. We may employ collection agencies to pursue recovery of defaulted receivables.

Customer accounts and funds receivable

These balances are either held by financial institutions associated with payment intermediation activity and awaiting settlement, or are installment collections from financial institutions.
We are exposed to credit losses from customer accounts and funds receivable balances held by third party financial institutions. We assess these balances for credit loss based on a review of the average period for which the funds are held, credit ratings of the financial institutions and by assessing the probability of default and loss given default models.
Income taxes
Income taxes

Significant judgment is required in determining our tax expense and in evaluating our tax positions, including evaluating uncertainties and the complexity of taxes on foreign earnings. We review our tax positions quarterly and adjust the balances as new information becomes available. Tax positions are evaluated for potential reserves for uncertainty based on the estimated probability of sustaining the position under examination. Our income tax rate is affected by the tax rates that apply to our foreign earnings including U.S. minimum taxes on foreign earnings. The deferred tax benefit derived from the amortization of our intellectual property is based on the fair value, which has been agreed with foreign tax authorities. The deferred tax benefit may from time to time change based on changes in tax rates. 

We account for income taxes using an asset and liability approach, which requires the recognition of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements or tax returns. The measurement of current and deferred tax assets and liabilities is based on provisions of enacted tax laws; the effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated. If necessary, the measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced by the amount of any tax benefits that are not expected to be realized based on available evidence.
We report a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. We recognize interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less when purchased, which may include bank deposits, U.S. Treasury securities, time deposits, and certificates of deposit.

We consider cash to be restricted when withdrawal or general use is legally restricted. Our restricted cash balance is primarily comprised of cash on deposit with banks restricted to safeguard seller payables.
Investments
Investments

Short-term investments are investments with original maturities of less than one year when purchased, are classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value using the specific identification method. Short-term investments are primarily comprised of corporate debt securities, commercial paper, and agency securities. Long-term investments are primarily comprised of corporate debt securities, agency securities, and equity investments. Debt securities are classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value using the specific identification method. Unrealized gains and losses on our available-for-sale debt securities are excluded from earnings and reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss), net of related estimated income tax provisions or benefits.

Our equity investments are non-marketable equity securities, which are investments in privately-held companies. We account for equity investments through which we exercise significant influence but do not have control over the investee under the equity method. Our consolidated results of operations include, as a component of interest and other, net, our share of the net income or loss of the equity investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Our share of investees’ results of operations is not material for any period presented. Our equity investments for which we do not exercise significant influence are accounted for under the measurement alternative. Under the measurement alternative, the carrying value is measured at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. Such changes in the basis of the equity investment are recognized in interest and other, net.
We perform a qualitative impairment assessment on a quarterly basis over our equity investments. Equity investments without readily determinable fair value are considered impaired when there is an indication that the fair value of our interest is less than the carrying amount. Equity method investments are considered impaired when there is an indication of an other-than-temporary decline in value below the carrying amount. Impairments of equity investments are recorded in interest and other, net.

We periodically assess our portfolio of debt investments for impairment. For debt securities in an unrealized loss position, this assessment first takes into account our intent to sell, or whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of these criteria are met, the debt security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through interest and other, net. For debt securities in an unrealized loss position that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, we assess whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, we consider the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and any adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss may exist, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses will be recorded through interest and other, net, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any additional impairment not recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income. Changes in the allowance for credit losses are recorded as provision for (or reversal of) credit loss expense. Losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of an available-for-sale security is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. These changes are recorded in interest & other, net
Leases
Leases

At the beginning of the first quarter of 2019, we adopted ASC Topic 842, Leases. We determine if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at inception. Operating and finance lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using the discount rate for the lease at the commencement date. As the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable for our operating leases, we generally use an incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the commencement date to determine the present value of future lease payments. Operating right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and finance lease assets are generally recognized based on the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability. Our leases have remaining lease terms of up to ten years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to five years, and some of which include options to terminate the leases within one year. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We account for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for our data center leases. Lease and non-lease components for all other leases are accounted for separately.

Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, other current liabilities and operating lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, net, short-term debt, and long-term debt on our consolidated balance sheet.
Property and equipment Property and equipment Property and equipment are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation for equipment, buildings and leasehold improvements commences once they are ready for our intended use. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally, one to three years for computer equipment and software, up to thirty years for buildings and building improvements, the shorter of five years or the term of the lease for leasehold improvements and three years for furniture, fixtures and vehicles. Land is not depreciated.
Goodwill and intangible assets
Goodwill and intangible assets

Goodwill is tested for impairment at a minimum on an annual basis at the reporting unit level. A qualitative assessment can be performed to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If the reporting unit does not pass the qualitative assessment, then the reporting unit’s carrying value is compared to its fair value. The fair value of the reporting unit is estimated using income and market approaches. Goodwill is considered impaired if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value. The discounted cash flow method, a form of the income approach, uses expected future operating results and a market participant discount rate. The market approach uses comparable company prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions (either publicly traded entities or mergers and acquisitions) to develop pricing metrics to be applied to historical and expected future operating results of our reporting unit. Failure to achieve these expected results, changes in the discount rate or market pricing metrics may cause a future impairment of goodwill at the reporting unit. We conducted our annual impairment test of goodwill as of August 31, 2020 and 2019 and determined that no adjustment to the carrying value of goodwill for any reporting unit was required. 
Intangible assets consist of purchased customer lists and user base, marketing related, developed technologies and other intangible assets, including patents and contractual agreements. Intangible assets are amortized over the period of estimated benefit using the straight-line method and estimated useful lives ranging from one to five years. No significant residual value is estimated for intangible assets
Impairment of long-lived assets Impairment of long-lived assets We evaluate long-lived assets (including intangible assets) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. An asset is considered impaired if its carrying amount exceeds the undiscounted future net cash flow the asset is expected to generate.
Foreign currency
Foreign currency

Most of our foreign subsidiaries use the local currency of their respective countries as their functional currency. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date, while revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the year. Gains and losses resulting from the translation of our consolidated balance sheet are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income.
Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are recognized as interest and other, net.
Derivative instruments
Derivative instruments

We use derivative financial instruments, primarily forwards, options and swaps, to hedge certain foreign currency and interest rate exposures. We may also use other derivative instruments not designated as hedges, such as forwards to hedge foreign currency balance sheet exposures. We do not use derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. 
We also entered into a warrant agreement in addition to a commercial agreement with Adyen that, subject to meeting certain conditions, entitles us to acquire a fixed number of shares up to 5% of Adyen’s fully diluted issued and outstanding share capital at a specific date. The warrant is accounted for as a derivative instrument under ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging.
Concentration of credit risk
Concentration of credit risk

Our cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable and derivative instruments are potentially subject to concentration of credit risk. Cash and cash equivalents are placed with financial institutions that management believes are of high credit quality. Our accounts receivable are derived from revenue earned from customers. In each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, no customer accounted for more than 10% of net revenues. Our derivative instruments expose us to credit risk to the extent that our counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreements.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements and Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued new guidance that requires credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected, not based on incurred losses. Further, credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities should be recorded through an allowance for credit losses limited to the amount by which fair value is below amortized cost. This standard impacts the Company’s accounting for allowances for doubtful accounts, available-for-sale securities and other assets subject to credit risk. In preparation for the adoption of this standard, we have updated our credit loss models as needed. The standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. We adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2020 with no material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In 2017, the FASB issued new guidance to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill by removing the requirement to perform a hypothetical purchase price allocation to compute the implied fair value of goodwill to measure impairment. Instead, any goodwill impairment will equal the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. Further, the guidance eliminates the requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative assessment and, if it fails that qualitative test, to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. This standard is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment test in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. We adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2020 with no material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In 2018, the FASB issued new guidance on a customer's accounting for implementation, set-up, and other upfront costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement that is hosted by the vendor (i.e., a service contract). Under the new guidance, customers will apply the same criteria for capitalizing implementation costs as they would for an arrangement that has a software license. This standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim reporting periods within those fiscal years. We adopted this guidance prospectively in the first quarter of 2020 with no material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In 2018, the FASB issued new guidance to clarify the interaction between Collaborative Arrangements and Revenue from Contracts with Customers standards. The guidance (1) clarifies that certain transactions between collaborative arrangement participants should be accounted for under revenue guidance; (2) adds unit of account guidance to the collaborative arrangement guidance to align with the revenue standard; and (3) clarifies presentation guidance for transactions with a collaborative arrangement participant that is not accounted for under the revenue standard. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. We adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2020 with no material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In 2019, the FASB issued new guidance to simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles and also simplification of areas such as franchise taxes, step-up in tax basis goodwill, separate entity financial statements and interim recognition of enactment of tax laws or rate changes. The standard will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim reporting periods within those fiscal years. We do not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In 2020, the FASB issued new guidance to decrease diversity in practice and increase comparability for the accounting of certain equity securities and investments under the equity method of accounting. The standard will be effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. We do not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Dates Referenced Herein   and   Documents Incorporated by Reference

This ‘10-K’ Filing    Date    Other Filings
Filed on:2/4/21
For Period end:12/31/20
12/15/204
8/31/204
12/31/1910-K,  10-K/A
12/15/194
8/31/19
12/31/1810-K
 List all Filings 


3 Subsequent Filings that Reference this Filing

  As Of               Filer                 Filing    For·On·As Docs:Size             Issuer                      Filing Agent

 2/28/24  eBay Inc.                         10-K       12/31/23  150:17M
 2/23/23  eBay Inc.                         10-K       12/31/22  148:18M
 2/24/22  eBay Inc.                         10-K       12/31/21  142:19M


34 Previous Filings that this Filing References

  As Of               Filer                 Filing    For·On·As Docs:Size             Issuer                      Filing Agent

10/29/20  eBay Inc.                         10-Q        9/30/20   88:12M
 7/29/20  eBay Inc.                         10-Q        6/30/20   93:14M
 7/22/20  eBay Inc.                         8-K:1,9     7/20/20   12:1.3M                                   2ENGAGE/FA
 6/15/20  eBay Inc.                         8-K:8,9     6/15/20   15:642K                                   Donnelley … Solutions/FA
 4/30/20  eBay Inc.                         10-Q        3/31/20   94:13M
 3/11/20  eBay Inc.                         8-K:1,8,9   3/06/20   16:1.5M                                   Donnelley … Solutions/FA
 1/31/20  eBay Inc.                         10-K       12/31/19  112:17M
11/25/19  eBay Inc.                         8-K:1,8,9  11/24/19   13:990K                                   Donnelley … Solutions/FA
10/24/19  eBay Inc.                         10-Q®       9/30/19   94:12M
10/16/19  eBay Inc.                         8-K:5      10/11/19   14:518K
 7/18/19  eBay Inc.                         10-Q        6/30/19   96:12M
 1/30/19  eBay Inc.                         10-K       12/31/18  111:16M
 6/06/17  eBay Inc.                         8-K:8,9     6/06/17    5:513K                                   Donnelley … Solutions/FA
 7/21/16  eBay Inc.                         10-Q        6/30/16   82:9.6M
 4/27/16  eBay Inc.                         8-K:5,9     4/27/16    2:227K
 4/27/16  eBay Inc.                         10-Q        3/31/16   84:8.9M
 3/09/16  eBay Inc.                         8-K:8,9     3/09/16    5:364K                                   Donnelley … Solutions/FA
 2/29/16  eBay Inc.                         8-K:8,9     2/29/16    5:288K                                   Donnelley … Solutions/FA
11/12/15  eBay Inc.                         8-K:1,8,9  11/09/15    2:959K
 7/21/15  eBay Inc.                         10-Q        6/30/15   91:11M
 7/20/15  eBay Inc.                         8-K:1,2,5,9 7/17/15    7:1.6M                                   Donnelley … Solutions/FA
 6/30/15  eBay Inc.                         8-K:1,8,9   6/26/15    4:3.7M                                   Donnelley … Solutions/FA
 5/05/15  eBay Inc.                         8-K:5,9     5/01/15    2:98K
 7/28/14  eBay Inc.                         8-K:8,9     7/28/14    5:506K                                   Donnelley … Solutions/FA
 7/18/14  eBay Inc.                         10-Q        6/30/14   71:11M
 4/19/13  eBay Inc.                         10-Q        3/31/13   76:8.8M
 7/24/12  eBay Inc.                         8-K:8,9     7/19/12    5:431K                                   Donnelley … Solutions/FA
 7/19/12  eBay Inc.                         10-Q        6/30/12   80:9.4M
 3/19/12  eBay Inc.                         DEF 14A     4/26/12    1:1.6M                                   Donnelley … Solutions/FA
10/28/10  eBay Inc.                         8-K:8,9    10/21/10    6:747K                                   Donnelley … Solutions/FA
 4/24/08  eBay Inc.                         10-Q/A      3/31/08    9:757K                                   Bowne - Palo Alto/FA
 2/28/07  eBay Inc.                         10-K       12/31/06   15:2.1M                                   RR Donnelley
 8/19/98  eBay Inc.                         S-1/A                 11:586K                                   Donnelley Fin’l S… 13/FA
 7/15/98  eBay Inc.                         S-1                   27:1.5M                                   Donnelley Fin’l S… 13/FA
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