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Kellogg Co – ‘10-K’ for 1/2/16 – ‘R26’

On:  Wednesday, 2/24/16, at 4:42pm ET   ·   For:  1/2/16   ·   Accession #:  1628280-16-11639   ·   File #:  1-04171

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  As Of               Filer                 Filing    For·On·As Docs:Size             Issuer                      Filing Agent

 2/24/16  Kellogg Co                        10-K        1/02/16  146:25M                                    Workiva Inc Wde… FA01/FA

Annual Report   —   Form 10-K   —   Sect. 13 / 15(d) – SEA’34
Filing Table of Contents

Document/Exhibit                   Description                      Pages   Size 

 1: 10-K        Annual Report                                       HTML   1.94M 
 2: EX-21.01    Subsidiaries List                                   HTML    103K 
 3: EX-23.01    Consent of Experts or Counsel                       HTML     42K 
 4: EX-24.01    Power of Attorney                                   HTML     67K 
 5: EX-31.1     Certification -- §302 - SOA'02                      HTML     46K 
 6: EX-31.2     Certification -- §302 - SOA'02                      HTML     46K 
 7: EX-32.1     Certification -- §906 - SOA'02                      HTML     42K 
 8: EX-32.2     Certification -- §906 - SOA'02                      HTML     42K 
15: R1          Document and Entity Information Document            HTML     70K 
16: R2          Consolidated Statement of Income Statement          HTML     84K 
17: R3          Comprehensive Income Statement                      HTML    160K 
18: R4          Consolidated Balance Sheet Statement                HTML    126K 
19: R5          Consolidated Balance Sheet (Parenthetical)          HTML     50K 
                Consolidated Balance Sheet                                       
20: R6          Statement of Shareholders' Equity                   HTML    105K 
21: R7          Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Consolidated   HTML    144K 
                Statement of Cash Flows                                          
22: R8          Accounting Policies                                 HTML     94K 
23: R9          Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets                HTML    325K 
24: R10         Investment in Unconsolidated Entities Investment    HTML     59K 
                in Unconsolidated Entities                                       
25: R11         Restructuring and Cost Reduction Activities         HTML    150K 
26: R12         Equity                                              HTML    223K 
27: R13         Leases and Other Commitment                         HTML     65K 
28: R14         Debt                                                HTML    132K 
29: R15         Stock Compensation                                  HTML    173K 
30: R16         Pension Benefits                                    HTML    319K 
31: R17         Nonpension Postretirement and Postemployment        HTML    296K 
                Benefits                                                         
32: R18         Multipemployer Pension and Postretirement Plans     HTML    111K 
33: R19         Income Taxes                                        HTML    232K 
34: R20         Derivative Instruments and Fair Value Measurements  HTML    320K 
35: R21         Contingencies                                       HTML     50K 
36: R22         Venezuela                                           HTML     56K 
37: R23         Quarterly Financial Data                            HTML    159K 
38: R24         Reportable Segments                                 HTML    228K 
39: R25         Supplemental Financial Statement Data               HTML    123K 
40: R26         Accounting Policies (Policies)                      HTML    142K 
41: R27         Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill and   HTML    327K 
                Other Intangible Assets (Tables)                                 
42: R28         Investment in Unconsolidated Entities Investment    HTML     55K 
                in Unconsolidated Entities (Tables)                              
43: R29         Restructuring and Cost Reduction Activities         HTML    141K 
                Restructuring and Cost Reduction Activities                      
                (Tables)                                                         
44: R30         Equity (Tables)                                     HTML    213K 
45: R31         Leases and Other Commitment Leases and Other        HTML     61K 
                Commitments (Tables)                                             
46: R32         Debt (Tables)                                       HTML    125K 
47: R33         Stock Compensation (Tables)                         HTML    160K 
48: R34         Pension Benefits (Tables)                           HTML    311K 
49: R35         Nonpension Postretirement and Postemployment        HTML    305K 
                Benefits (Tables)                                                
50: R36         Multipemployer Pension and Postretirement Plans     HTML    107K 
                (Tables)                                                         
51: R37         Income Taxes (Tables)                               HTML    223K 
52: R38         Derivative Instruments and Fair Value Measurements  HTML    345K 
                (Tables)                                                         
53: R39         Quarterly Financial Data (Tables)                   HTML    161K 
54: R40         Reportable Segments (Tables)                        HTML    228K 
55: R41         Supplemental Financial Statement Data (Tables)      HTML    126K 
56: R42         Accounting Policies Accounting Policies (Details)   HTML     83K 
57: R43         Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill and   HTML     57K 
                Other Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details)                    
58: R44         Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill and   HTML     61K 
                Other Intangible Assets - Schedule of Acquired                   
                Assets and Assumed Liabilities (Details)                         
59: R45         Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill and   HTML     79K 
                Other Intangible Assets - Carrying Amount of                     
                Goodwill (Details)                                               
60: R46         Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill and   HTML    129K 
                Other Intangible Assets - Intangible Assets                      
                Subject to Amortization (Details)                                
61: R47         Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill and   HTML     75K 
                Other Intangible Assets - Intangible Assets Not                  
                Subject to Amortization (Details)                                
62: R48         Investment in Unconsolidated Entities Investment    HTML     55K 
                in Unconsolidated Entities - Narrative (Details)                 
63: R49         Investment in Unconsolidated Entities - Summarized  HTML     69K 
                Combined Financial Information (Details)                         
64: R50         Restructuring and Cost Reduction Activities         HTML    137K 
                Restructuring and Cost Reduction Activities                      
                Narrative (Details)                                              
65: R51         Restructuring and Cost Reduction Activities         HTML     78K 
                Schedule of Restructuring and Cost Reduction                     
                Activities (Details)                                             
66: R52         Restructuring and Cost Reduction Activities         HTML     65K 
                Restructuring and Cost Reduction Reserves                        
                Rollforward (Details)                                            
67: R53         Equity Narrative (Details)                          HTML     70K 
68: R54         Equity Schedule of Earnings Per Share (Details)     HTML     70K 
69: R55         Equity Equity - Changes in Comprehensive Income     HTML    137K 
                (Details)                                                        
70: R56         Equity Reclassifications Out of AOCI (Details)      HTML     84K 
71: R57         Equity Summary of Accumulated Other Comprehensive   HTML     60K 
                Income (Loss) (Details)                                          
72: R58         Equity Noncontrolling Interest (Details)            HTML     59K 
73: R59         Leases and Other Commitment Leases and Other        HTML     92K 
                Commitments(Details)                                             
74: R60         Debt Narrative (Details)                            HTML     82K 
75: R61         Debt Components of Notes Payable (Details)          HTML     52K 
76: R62         Debt Schedule of Long-term Debt (Details)           HTML    146K 
77: R63         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote A (Details)            HTML     50K 
78: R64         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote B (Details)            HTML     54K 
79: R65         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote C (Details)            HTML     66K 
80: R66         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote D (Details)            HTML     67K 
81: R67         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote E (Details)            HTML     50K 
82: R68         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote F (Details)            HTML     69K 
83: R69         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote G (Details)            HTML     61K 
84: R70         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote H (Details)            HTML     59K 
85: R71         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote I (Details)            HTML     56K 
86: R72         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote J (Details)            HTML     60K 
87: R73         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote K (Details)            HTML     53K 
88: R74         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote L (Details)            HTML     57K 
89: R75         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote M (Details)            HTML     50K 
90: R76         Debt Long-term Debt Footnote N (Details)            HTML     49K 
91: R77         Stock Compensation Equity based compensation        HTML     83K 
                programs (Details)                                               
92: R78         Stock Compensation Schedule of Compensation         HTML     50K 
                Expense for Equity Programs and Related Tax                      
                Benefits (Details)                                               
93: R79         Stock Compensation Cash used to settle equity       HTML     45K 
                instruments (Details)                                            
94: R80         Stock Compensation Fair Value Assumptions           HTML     54K 
                (Details)                                                        
95: R81         Stock Compensation Summary of Share-based           HTML     80K 
                Compensation (Details)                                           
96: R82         Stock Compensation Maximum Future Value of          HTML     74K 
                Performance Shares (Details)                                     
97: R83         Stock Compensation Summary of restricted stock      HTML     72K 
                activity (Details)                                               
98: R84         Pension Benefits Change in Projected Benefit        HTML    115K 
                Obligations, Plan Assets, and Funding Status                     
                (Details)                                                        
99: R85         Pension Benefits Accumulated Benefit Obligations    HTML     51K 
                (Details)                                                        
100: R86         Pension Benefits Components of Pension Expense      HTML     72K  
                (Details)                                                        
101: R87         Pension Benefits Assumptions (Details)              HTML     73K  
102: R88         Pension Benefits Plan Assets (Details)              HTML    174K  
103: R89         Pension Benefits Level 3 Gains and Losses           HTML     79K  
                (Details)                                                        
104: R90         Pension Benefits Benefit Payments (Details)         HTML     56K  
105: R91         Nonpension Postretirement and Postemployment        HTML    105K  
                Benefits Change in Projected Benefit Obligations,                
                Plan Assets, and Funded Status, Postretirement                   
                (Details)                                                        
106: R92         Nonpension Postretirement and Postemployment        HTML     69K  
                Benefits Components of Postretirement Expense                    
                (Details)                                                        
107: R93         Nonpension Postretirement and Postemployment        HTML     50K  
                Benefits Assumptions (Details)                                   
108: R94         Nonpension Postretirement and Postemployment        HTML     57K  
                Benefits Health Care Cost Trend Rates (Details)                  
109: R95         Nonpension Postretirement and Postemployment        HTML    136K  
                Benefits Plan Assets (Details)                                   
110: R96         Nonpension Postretirement and Postemployment        HTML     51K  
                Benefits VEBA Trusts (Details)                                   
111: R97         Nonpension Postretirement and Postemployment        HTML    123K  
                Benefits Change in Projected Benefit Obligations,                
                Plan Assets, and Funded Status, Postemployment                   
                (Details)                                                        
112: R98         Nonpension Postretirement and Postemployment        HTML     59K  
                Benefits Components of Postretirement Expense,                   
                Postemployment (Details)                                         
113: R99         Nonpension Postretirement and Postemployment        HTML     60K  
                Benefits Benefit Payments (Details)                              
114: R100        Multipemployer Pension and Postretirement Plans     HTML     49K  
                Narrative (Details)                                              
115: R101        Multipemployer Pension and Postretirement Plans     HTML    116K  
                Multiemployer Pension Plans Trusts Funds (Details)               
116: R102        Multipemployer Pension and Postretirement Plans     HTML     56K  
                Multiemployer Pension Plans Trusts Funds                         
                Contributions (Details)                                          
117: R103        Multipemployer Pension and Postretirement Plans     HTML     51K  
                Multiemployer Pension Plans Curtailments,                        
                Settlements and Termination Benefits (Details)                   
118: R104        Income Taxes (Narrative) (Details)                  HTML     83K  
119: R105        Income Taxes Income before income taxes and the     HTML     78K  
                provision for U.S. federal, state and foreign                    
                taxes on earnings (Details)                                      
120: R106        Income Taxes Difference Between U.S. Federal        HTML     73K  
                Statutory Tax Rate and the Company's Effective                   
                Income Tax Rate (Details)                                        
121: R107        Income Taxes Deferred tax assets and deferred tax   HTML    106K  
                liabilities (Details)                                            
122: R108        Income Taxes Change in Valuation Allowance Against  HTML     51K  
                Deferred Tax Assets (Details)                                    
123: R109        Income Taxes Unrecognized Tax Benefit               HTML     55K  
                Reconciliation (Details)                                         
124: R110        Derivative Instruments and Fair Value Measurements  HTML     57K  
                Narrative (Details)                                              
125: R111        Derivative Instruments and Fair Value Measurements  HTML     49K  
                Total Notional Amounts of the Company's Derivative               
                Instruments (Details)                                            
126: R112        Derivative Instruments and Fair Value Measurements  HTML    116K  
                Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a               
                Recurring Basis (Details)                                        
127: R113        Derivative Instruments and Fair Value Measurements  HTML     67K  
                Schedule of Offsetting Assets and Liabilities                    
                (Details)                                                        
128: R114        Derivative Instruments and Fair Value Measurements  HTML     91K  
                The Effect of Derivative Instruments on the                      
                Consolidated Statement of Income (Details)                       
129: R115        Derivative Instruments and Fair Value Measurements  HTML     49K  
                Assets Measured at Fair Value (Details)                          
130: R116        Derivative Instruments and Fair Value Measurements  HTML     54K  
                Fair Value of Long-term Debt (Details)                           
131: R117        Venezuela (Details)                                 HTML     91K  
132: R118        Quarterly Financial Data Narrative (Details)        HTML     43K  
133: R119        Quarterly Financial Data Net sales and gross        HTML     47K  
                profit (Details)                                                 
134: R120        Quarterly Financial Data Net income and earnings    HTML     56K  
                per share (Details)                                              
135: R121        Quarterly Financial Data Dividends and stock        HTML     49K  
                prices (Details)                                                 
136: R122        Quarterly Financial Data Asset impairment and MTM   HTML     49K  
                gains and losses (Details)                                       
137: R123        Reportable Segments Narrative (Details)             HTML     49K  
138: R124        Reportable Segments Reportable Segment Information  HTML    123K  
                (Details)                                                        
139: R125        Reportable Segments Net sales to external           HTML     56K  
                customers and long-lived assets (Details)                        
140: R126        Reportable Segments Supplemental product            HTML     54K  
                information (Details)                                            
141: R127        Supplemental Financial Statement Data Consolidated  HTML     46K  
                Statement of Income (Details)                                    
142: R128        Supplemental Financial Statement Data Consolidated  HTML    129K  
                Balance Sheet (Details)                                          
143: R129        Supplemental Financial Statement Data Allowance     HTML     49K  
                for doubtful accounts (Details)                                  
145: XML         IDEA XML File -- Filing Summary                      XML    278K  
144: EXCEL       IDEA Workbook of Financial Reports                  XLSX    192K  
 9: EX-101.INS  XBRL Instance -- k-20160102                          XML   9.12M 
11: EX-101.CAL  XBRL Calculations -- k-20160102_cal                  XML    395K 
12: EX-101.DEF  XBRL Definitions -- k-20160102_def                   XML   1.62M 
13: EX-101.LAB  XBRL Labels -- k-20160102_lab                        XML   3.05M 
14: EX-101.PRE  XBRL Presentations -- k-20160102_pre                 XML   2.25M 
10: EX-101.SCH  XBRL Schema -- k-20160102                            XSD    346K 
146: ZIP         XBRL Zipped Folder -- 0001628280-16-011639-xbrl      Zip    565K  


‘R26’   —   Accounting Policies (Policies)


This is an IDEA Financial Report.  [ Alternative Formats ]



 
v3.3.1.900
Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of accounting [Policy Text Block]
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Kellogg Company, those of the subsidiaries that it controls due to ownership of a majority voting interest and the accounts of the variable interest entities (VIEs) of which Kellogg Company is the primary beneficiary (Kellogg or the Company). The Company continually evaluates its involvement with VIEs to determine whether it has variable interests and is the primary beneficiary of the VIE. When these criteria are met, the Company is required to consolidate the VIE. The Company’s share of earnings or losses of nonconsolidated affiliates is included in its consolidated operating results using the equity method of accounting when it is able to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial decisions of the affiliate. The Company uses the cost method of accounting if it is not able to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial decisions of the affiliate. Intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated.
The Company’s fiscal year normally ends on the Saturday closest to December 31 and as a result, a 53rd week is added approximately every sixth year. The Company’s 2015 and 2013 fiscal years each contained 52 weeks and ended on January 2, 2016 and December 28, 2013, respectively. The Company’s 2014 fiscal year ended on January 3, 2015, and included a 53rd week. While quarters normally consist of 13-week periods, the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014 included a 14th week.
Use of estimates [Policy Text Block]
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and cash equivalents [Policy Text Block]
Highly liquid investments with remaining stated maturities of three months or less when purchased are considered cash equivalents and recorded at cost.
Accounts receivables [Policy Text Block]
Accounts receivable consists principally of trade receivables, which are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of allowances for doubtful accounts and prompt payment discounts. Trade receivables do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts represents management’s estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in existing accounts receivable, as determined from a review of past due balances and other specific account data. Account balances are written off against the allowance when management determines the receivable is uncollectible. The Company does not have off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers.
Inventories [Policy Text Block]
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined on an average cost basis.
Property [Policy Text Block]
The Company’s property consists mainly of plants and equipment used for manufacturing activities. These assets are recorded at cost and depreciated over estimated useful lives using straight-line methods for financial reporting and accelerated methods, where permitted, for tax reporting. Major property categories are depreciated over various periods as follows (in years): manufacturing machinery and equipment 5-30; office equipment 4-5; computer equipment and capitalized software 3-7; building components 15-25; building structures 30-50. Cost includes interest associated with significant capital projects. Plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment when conditions indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Such conditions include an extended period of idleness or a plan of disposal. Assets to be disposed of at a future date are depreciated over the remaining period of use. Assets to be sold are written down to realizable value at the time the assets are being actively marketed for sale and a sale is expected to occur within one year. As of year-end 2015 and 2014, the carrying value of assets held for sale was insignificant.
Goodwill and other intangible assets [Policy Text Block]
Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles are not amortized, but are tested at least annually for impairment of value and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the asset may be impaired. An intangible asset with a finite life is amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life.
For the goodwill impairment test, the fair value of the reporting units are estimated based on market multiples. This approach employs market multiples based on earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and earnings for companies that are comparable to the Company’s reporting units. In the event the fair value determined using the market multiple approach is close to carrying value, the Company may supplement the fair value determination using discounted cash flows. The assumptions used for the impairment test are consistent with those utilized by a market participant performing similar valuations for the Company’s reporting units.
Similarly, impairment testing of other intangible assets requires a comparison of carrying value to fair value of that particular asset. Fair values of non-goodwill intangible assets are based primarily on projections of future cash flows to be generated from that asset. For instance, cash flows related to a particular trademark would be based on a projected royalty stream attributable to branded product sales, discounted at rates consistent with rates used by market participants.
These estimates are made using various inputs including historical data, current and anticipated market conditions, management plans, and market comparables.
Accounts payable [Policy Text Block]
Beginning in 2014, the Company has an agreement with a third party to provide an accounts payable tracking system which facilitates participating suppliers’ ability to monitor and, if elected, sell payment obligations from the Company to designated third-party financial institutions. Participating suppliers may, at their sole discretion, make offers to sell one or more payment obligations of the Company prior to their scheduled due dates at a discounted price to participating financial institutions. The Company’s goal in entering into this agreement is to capture overall supplier savings, in the form of payment terms or vendor funding, created by facilitating suppliers’ ability to sell payment obligations, while providing them with greater working capital flexibility. We have no economic interest in the sale of these suppliers’ receivables and no direct financial relationship with the financial institutions concerning these services. The Company’s obligations to its suppliers, including amounts due and scheduled payment dates, are not impacted by suppliers’ decisions to sell amounts under this arrangement. However, the Company’s right to offset balances due from suppliers against payment obligations is restricted by this agreement for those payment obligations that have been sold by suppliers.  As of January 2, 2016$501 million of the Company’s outstanding payment obligations had been placed in the accounts payable tracking system, and participating suppliers had sold $407 million of those payment obligations to participating financial institutions. As of January 3, 2015, $236 million of the Company’s outstanding payment obligations had been placed in the accounts payable tracking system, and participating suppliers had sold $184 million of those payment obligations to participating financial institutions.
Revenue recognition [Policy Text Block]
The Company recognizes sales upon delivery of its products to customers. Revenue, which includes shipping and handling charges billed to the customer, is reported net of applicable provisions for discounts, returns, allowances, and various government withholding taxes. Methodologies for determining these provisions are dependent on local customer pricing and promotional practices, which range from contractually fixed percentage price reductions to reimbursement based on actual occurrence or performance. Where applicable, future reimbursements are estimated based on a combination of historical patterns and future expectations regarding specific in-market product performance.
Advertising and promotion [Policy Text Block]
The Company expenses production costs of advertising the first time the advertising takes place. Advertising expense is classified in selling, general and administrative (SGA) expense.
The Company classifies promotional payments to its customers, the cost of consumer coupons, and other cash redemption offers in net sales. The cost of promotional package inserts is recorded in cost of goods sold (COGS). Other types of consumer promotional expenditures are recorded in SGA expense.
Research and development [Policy Text Block]
The costs of research and development (R&D) are expensed as incurred and are classified in SGA expense. R&D includes expenditures for new product and process innovation, as well as significant technological improvements to existing products and processes. The Company’s R&D expenditures primarily consist of internal salaries, wages, consulting, and supplies attributable to time spent on R&D activities. Other costs include depreciation and maintenance of research facilities and equipment, including assets at manufacturing locations that are temporarily engaged in pilot plant activities.
Share-based compensation [Policy Text Block]
The Company uses stock-based compensation, including stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and executive performance shares, to provide long-term performance incentives for its global workforce.
The Company classifies pre-tax stock compensation expense principally in SGA expense within its corporate operations. Expense attributable to awards of equity instruments is recorded in capital in excess of par value in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Certain of the Company’s stock-based compensation plans contain provisions that accelerate vesting of awards upon retirement, disability, or death of eligible employees and directors. A stock-based award is considered vested for expense attribution purposes when the employee’s retention of the award is no longer contingent on providing subsequent service. Accordingly, the Company recognizes compensation cost immediately for awards granted to retirement-eligible individuals or over the period from the grant date to the date retirement eligibility is achieved, if less than the stated vesting period.
The Company recognizes compensation cost for stock option awards that have a graded vesting schedule on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award.
Corporate income tax benefits realized upon exercise or vesting of an award in excess of that previously recognized in earnings (“windfall tax benefit”) is recorded in other financing activities in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Realized windfall tax benefits are credited to capital in excess of par value in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Realized shortfall tax benefits (amounts which are less than that previously recognized in earnings) are first offset against the cumulative balance of windfall tax benefits, if any, and then charged directly to income tax expense. The Company currently has sufficient cumulative windfall tax benefits to absorb arising shortfalls, such that earnings were not affected during the periods presented. Correspondingly, the Company includes the impact of pro forma deferred tax assets (i.e., the “as if” windfall or shortfall) for purposes of determining assumed proceeds in the treasury stock calculation of diluted earnings per share.
Income taxes [Policy Text Block]
The Company recognizes uncertain tax positions based on a benefit recognition model. Provided that the tax position is deemed more likely than not of being sustained, the Company recognizes the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being ultimately realized upon settlement. The tax position is derecognized when it is no longer more likely than not of being sustained. The Company classifies income tax-related interest and penalties as interest expense and SGA expense, respectively, on the Consolidated Statement of Income. The current portion of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits is presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet in other current assets and other current liabilities, and the amounts expected to be settled after one year are recorded in other assets and other liabilities.
Income taxes are provided on the portion of foreign earnings that is expected to be remitted to and taxable in the United States.
Derivatives instruments[Policy Text Block]
The fair value of derivative instruments is recorded in other current assets, other assets, other current liabilities or other liabilities. Gains and losses representing either hedge ineffectiveness, hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness, or hedges of translational exposure are recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income in other income (expense), net (OIE). In the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, settlements of cash flow and fair value hedges are classified as an operating activity; settlements of all other derivative instruments, including instruments for which hedge accounting has been discontinued, are classified consistent with the nature of the instrument.
Cash flow hedges.  Qualifying derivatives are accounted for as cash flow hedges when the hedged item is a forecasted transaction. Gains and losses on these instruments are recorded in other comprehensive income until the underlying transaction is recorded in earnings. When the hedged item is realized, gains or losses are reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI) to the Consolidated Statement of Income on the same line item as the underlying transaction.
Fair value hedges.  Qualifying derivatives are accounted for as fair value hedges when the hedged item is a recognized asset, liability, or firm commitment. Gains and losses on these instruments are recorded in earnings, offsetting gains and losses on the hedged item.
Net investment hedges.  Qualifying derivative and nonderivative financial instruments are accounted for as net investment hedges when the hedged item is a nonfunctional currency investment in a subsidiary. Gains and losses on these instruments are included in foreign currency translation adjustments in AOCI.
Derivatives not designated for hedge accounting.   Gains and losses on these instruments are recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income, on the same line item as the underlying hedged item.
Other contracts.  The Company periodically enters into foreign currency forward contracts and options to reduce volatility in the translation of foreign currency earnings to U.S. dollars. Gains and losses on these instruments are recorded in OIE, generally reducing the exposure to translation volatility during a full-year period.
Foreign currency exchange risk.  The Company is exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency cash flows related primarily to third-party purchases, intercompany transactions and when applicable, nonfunctional currency denominated third-party debt. The Company is also exposed to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency investments in subsidiaries and cash flows related to repatriation of these investments. Additionally, the Company is exposed to volatility in the translation of foreign currency denominated earnings to U.S. dollars. Management assesses foreign currency risk based on transactional cash flows and translational volatility and may enter into forward contracts, options, and currency swaps to reduce fluctuations in long or short currency positions.
Forward contracts and options are generally less than 18 months duration. Currency swap agreements are established in conjunction with the term of underlying debt issues.
For foreign currency cash flow and fair value hedges, the assessment of effectiveness is generally based on changes in spot rates. Changes in time value are reported in OIE.
Interest rate risk.  The Company is exposed to interest rate volatility with regard to future issuances of fixed rate debt and existing and future issuances of variable rate debt. The Company periodically uses interest rate swaps, including forward-starting swaps, to reduce interest rate volatility and funding costs associated with certain debt issues, and to achieve a desired proportion of variable versus fixed rate debt, based on current and projected market conditions.
Fixed-to-variable interest rate swaps are accounted for as fair value hedges and the assessment of effectiveness is based on changes in the fair value of the underlying debt, using incremental borrowing rates currently available on loans with similar terms and maturities.
Price risk.  The Company is exposed to price fluctuations primarily as a result of anticipated purchases of raw and packaging materials, fuel, and energy. The Company has historically used the combination of long-term contracts with suppliers, and exchange-traded futures and option contracts to reduce price fluctuations in a desired percentage of forecasted raw material purchases over a duration of generally less than 18 months.
Certain commodity contracts are accounted for as cash flow hedges, while others are marked to market through earnings. The assessment of effectiveness for exchange-traded instruments is based on changes in futures prices. The assessment of effectiveness for over-the-counter transactions is based on changes in designated indices.
Pension benefits, nonpension postretirement and postemployment benefits [Policy Text Block]
The Company sponsors a number of U.S. and foreign plans to provide pension, health care, and other welfare benefits to retired employees, as well as salary continuance, severance, and long-term disability to former or inactive employees.
The recognition of benefit expense is based on actuarial assumptions, such as discount rate, long-term rate of compensation increase, long-term rate of return on plan assets and health care cost trend rate, and is reported in COGS and SGA expense on the Consolidated Statement of Income.
Postemployment benefits.  The Company recognizes an obligation for postemployment benefit plans that vest or accumulate with service. Obligations associated with the Company’s postemployment benefit plans, which are unfunded, are included in other current liabilities and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. All gains and losses are recognized over the average remaining service period of active plan participants.
Postemployment benefits that do not vest or accumulate with service or benefits to employees in excess of those specified in the respective plans are expensed as incurred.
Pension and nonpension postretirement benefits.  The Company recognizes actuarial gains and losses in operating results in the year in which they occur. Experience gains and losses are recognized annually as of the measurement date, which is the Company’s fiscal year-end, or when remeasurement is otherwise required under generally accepted accounting principles. The Company uses the fair value of plan assets to calculate the expected return on plan assets.
Reportable segments are allocated service cost and amortization of prior service cost. All other components of pension and postretirement benefit expense, including interest cost, expected return on assets, and experience gains and losses are considered unallocated corporate costs and are not included in the measure of reportable segment operating results. See Note 17 for more information on reportable segments.
Management reviews the Company’s expected long-term rates of return annually; however, the benefit trust investment performance for one particular year does not, by itself, significantly influence this evaluation. The expected rates of return are generally not revised provided these rates fall between the 25th and 75th percentile of expected long-term returns, as determined by the Company’s modeling process.
For defined benefit pension and postretirement plans, the Company records the net overfunded or underfunded position as a pension asset or pension liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]
Practical expedient for the measurement date of an employer's defined benefit obligation and plan assets. In April 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an Accounting Standards Update (ASU) to provide a practical expedient for the measurement date of an employer’s defined benefit obligation and plan assets. For an entity with a fiscal year-end that does not coincide with a month-end, the amendments in this Update provide a practical expedient that permits the entity to measure defined benefit plan assets and obligations using the month-end that is closest to the entity’s fiscal year-end and apply that practical expedient consistently to all plans from year to year. The ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted. Entities should apply the new guidance on a prospective basis. The Company early adopted the updated standard when measuring the fair value of plan assets at the end of its 2015 fiscal year with no impact to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists.  In July 2013, the FASB issued an ASU which provides guidance on financial statement presentation of unrecognized tax benefits when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists. This ASU is expected to eliminate diversity in practice resulting from lack of previously existing guidance. It applies to all entities with unrecognized tax benefits that also have tax loss or tax credit carryforwards in the same tax jurisdiction as of the reporting date. The Company adopted the revised guidance in 2014 with no significant impact to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Accounting standards to be adopted in future periods
Recognition and measurement of financial assets and liabilities. In January 2016, the FASB issued an ASU which primarily affects the accounting for equity investments, financial liabilities under the fair value option, and the presentation and disclosure requirements for financial instruments. The ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption can be elected for all financial statements of fiscal years and interim periods that have not yet been issued or that have not yet been made available for issuance. Entities should apply the update by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The Company will adopt the updated standard in the first quarter of 2018. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a significant impact on its financial statements.

Balance sheet classification of deferred taxes. In November 2015, the FASB issued an ASU to simplify the presentation of deferred income taxes. The ASU requires that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. The ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016. Entities should apply the new guidance either prospectively to all deferred tax liabilities and assets or retrospectively to all periods presented. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating when it will adopt the updated standard and whether to use the prospective or retrospective method. The year-end 2015 balance for current deferred tax assets and liabilities was $227 million and $(9) million, respectively.  Please see Note 12 for more information on the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Simplifying the accounting for measurement-period adjustments. In September 2015, the FASB issued an ASU to simplify the accounting for measurement-period adjustments for items in a business combination. The ASU requires that an acquirer recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. The ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Entities should apply the new guidance prospectively to adjustments to provisional amounts that occur after the effective date of the ASU with earlier application permitted for financial statements that have not been issued. The Company will adopt the updated standard in the first quarter of 2016. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a significant impact on its financial statements.

Simplifying the presentation of debt issuance costs. In April 2015, the FASB issued an ASU to simplify the presentation of debt issuance costs. The ASU requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by the amendments in this ASU. The ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted. Entities should apply the new guidance on a retrospective basis. The Company will adopt the updated standard in the first quarter of 2016. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a significant impact on its financial statements.

Customer's accounting for fees paid in a cloud computing arrangement. In April 2015, the FASB issued an ASU to help entities evaluate the accounting for fees paid by a customer in a cloud computing arrangement. The ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted. Entities should apply the new guidance either; 1) prospectively to all arrangements entered into or materially modified after the effective date or 2) retrospectively. The Company will adopt the updated standard prospectively in the first quarter of 2016. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a significant impact on its financial statements.

Revenue from contracts with customers. In May 2014, the FASB issued an ASU which provides guidance for accounting for revenue from contracts with customers. The core principle of this ASU is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve that core principle, an entity would be required to apply the following five steps: 1) identify the contract(s) with a customer; 2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; 3) determine the transaction price; 4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and 5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. When the ASU was originally issued it was effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016, and early adoption was not permitted. On July 9, 2015, the FASB decided to delay the effective date of the new revenue standard by one year. The updated standard will be effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Entities will be permitted to adopt the new revenue standard early, but not before the original effective date.  Entities will have the option to apply the final standard retrospectively or use a modified retrospective method, recognizing the cumulative effect of the ASU in retained earnings at the date of initial application. An entity will not restate prior periods if it uses the modified retrospective method, but will be required to disclose the amount by which each financial statement line item is affected in the current reporting period by the application of the ASU as compared to the guidance in effect prior to the change, as well as reasons for significant changes. The Company will adopt the updated standard in the first quarter of 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that implementing this ASU will have on its financial statements and disclosures, as well as whether it will use the retrospective or modified retrospective method of adoption.

Dates Referenced Herein   and   Documents Incorporated by Reference

This ‘10-K’ Filing    Date    Other Filings
12/15/178-K
12/15/16
Filed on:2/24/16
For Period end:1/2/16
12/15/154
7/9/15
1/3/1510-K
12/28/1310-K
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