| Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies |
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates The Company's financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). The preparation of the accompanying financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. Significant estimates and assumptions made in the accompanying financial statements include, but are not limited to revenue recognition, the fair value of financial instruments measured at fair value, the recoverability of its long-lived assets (including goodwill), net deferred tax assets (and related valuation allowance), and for periods prior to the IPO, the fair value of the Company's common stock and redeemable convertible preferred stock. The Company evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors and adjusts those estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risk and Uncertainties Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, and accounts receivable. Substantially all the Company's cash and cash equivalents are held at one financial institution that management believes is of high credit quality. Such deposits may, at times, exceed federally insured limits. Significant payers are those which represent more than 10% of the Company's total revenue or accounts receivable balance at each respective balance sheet date. For each significant payer, revenue as a percentage of total revenue and accounts receivable as a percentage of total accounts receivable are as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | Years Ended December 31, | | | | | | | | | | 2019 | | 2018 | | Medicare | | | | | | 25 | % | | 30 | % | | Blue Shield | | | | | | 12 | % | | 14 | % | | United Healthcare | | | | | | 11 | % | | 12 | % | | Medicare Advantage | | | | | | 11 | % | | 10 | % | Janssen (SIMPONI®) | | | | | | * | | | * | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Accounts Receivable | | | | | | | | December 31, | | | | | | | | 2019 | | 2018 | | Medicare | | | | * | | | 26 | % | | Blue Shield | | | | 15 | % | | 16 | % | | United Healthcare | | | | 22 | % | | 11 | % | | Medicare Advantage | | | | * | | | 11 | % | Janssen (SIMPONI®) | | | | 19 | % | | * | |
The Company is dependent on key suppliers for certain laboratory materials. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, approximately 97% and 95%, respectively, of the Company's inventories were purchased from two suppliers. An interruption in the supply of these materials would impact the Company's ability to perform testing services. Disaggregation of Revenue The following table includes the Company's revenues as disaggregated by payer category (in thousands): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Years Ended December 31, | | | | | | | | | | 2019 | | 2018 | | Revenue: | | | | | | | | | | Healthcare insurers | | | | | | $ | 23,984 | | | $ | 21,070 | | | Government | | | | | | 9,896 | | | 10,024 | | | Client | | | | | | 4,392 | | | 608 | | | Other(1) | | | | | | 639 | | | 738 | | Janssen (SIMPONI®) | | | | | | 1,476 | | | — | | | Total revenue | | | | | | $ | 40,387 | | | $ | 32,440 | |
(1)Includes patient self-pay that is immaterial. Fair Value Measurements The carrying value of the Company's cash and cash equivalents, other assets and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these items. Based on the borrowing rates currently available to the Company for debt with similar terms and consideration of default and credit risk, the carrying value of the Company's long-term borrowings approximates its fair value, which is considered a Level 2 input. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or an exit price paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy defines a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements as follows: Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level I that are observable, unadjusted quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the related assets or liabilities; and Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity for the related assets or liabilities. The categorization of a financial instrument within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Prior to the IPO, the Company's redeemable convertible preferred stock warrant liabilities were measured at fair value on a recurring basis and were classified as Level 3 liabilities. The Company recorded subsequent adjustments to reflect the increase or decrease in estimated fair value at each reporting date in current period earnings. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The Company considers all highly-liquid investments purchased with a remaining maturity date upon acquisition of three months or less to be cash equivalents and are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. In 2016, the Company entered into an arrangement with a financial institution with which it has an existing banking relationship whereby in exchange for the issuance of corporate credit cards, the Company agreed to obtain a $0.1 million certificate of deposit with this financial institution as collateral for the balances borrowed on these credit cards. The Company has classified the value of this certificate of deposit (including all interest earned thereon) within other assets in the accompanying balance sheets. The Company has the right to terminate the credit card program at any time. Upon termination of the credit card program and repayment of all outstanding balances owed, the Company may redeem the certificate of deposit (and all interest earned thereon). Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash presented in the accompanying statements of cash flows consist of the following (in thousands): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | December 31, | | | | | | | | 2019 | | 2018 | | Cash and cash equivalents | | | | $ | 72,084 | | | $ | 13,164 | | | Restricted cash | | | | 100 | | | 100 | | | | | | $ | 72,184 | | | $ | 13,264 | |
Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally between three and five years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the estimated useful life or the remaining term of the related lease. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, and improvements and betterments are capitalized. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the balance sheet and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in other income or expense in the statements of operations in the period realized. Long-lived Assets The Company’s long-lived assets are comprised principally of its property and equipment, finite lived intangible assets, and goodwill. If the Company identifies a change in the circumstances related to its long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and intangible assets (other than goodwill), that indicates the carrying value of any such asset may not be recoverable, the Company will perform an impairment analysis. A long-lived asset (other than goodwill) is deemed to be impaired when the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset (or asset group) are less than the asset’s carrying amount. Any required impairment loss would be measured as the amount by which the asset’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, and would be recorded as a reduction in the carrying value of the related asset and a charge to operating expense. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually (during the fourth quarter) or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. As the Company operates in a single operating segment and reporting unit, the Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative assessment. If, after assessing qualitative factors, the Company determines it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then performing a quantitative assessment is unnecessary. If deemed necessary, a quantitative assessment compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered impaired; otherwise, an impairment loss is recorded. There was no indication of impairment of goodwill for any periods presented. Clinical Studies From time to time, the Company engages in efforts to scientifically measure and document the application and efficacy of its various testing products. These arrangements typically require the Company to pay a fee to a third-party scientific investigator (usually a physician or research institution) for each subject enrolled in a clinical study, and the Company accrues expenses associated with these efforts as subjects are enrolled in each study. Expenses associated with clinical study activities are recorded in research and development expenses in the accompanying statement of operations. Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock Prior to the completion of the IPO, the Company had multiple classes of redeemable convertible preferred stock, all of which were classified as temporary equity in the accompanying balance sheet as the redemption of the shares were outside of the Company's control. Redeemable convertible preferred stock which was redeemable on or after a certain date at the option of the holder was accreted to its redemption value from the date of issuance to the earliest redemption date. In connection with the completion of the IPO in September 2019, all outstanding shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock were automatically converted into an aggregate of 7,816,643 shares of common stock, excluding warrant conversions. Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock Warrants Prior to the completion of the IPO, the Company accounted for its redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants as liabilities based upon the characteristics and provisions of each instrument. The redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants were recorded at their fair value on the date of issuance and were revalued on each subsequent balance sheet date, with fair value changes recognized as increases or reductions in the statements of operations. Upon the completion of the IPO, all remaining outstanding warrants to purchase shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock were automatically converted into warrants to purchase shares of common stock. As such, the warrants no longer require liability accounting and the then fair value of the warrant liability was reclassified into stockholders’ equity. The Company performed the final remeasurement of the warrant liabilities as of the IPO closing date. See Note 7 for the amounts associated with the fair value measurements and Note 5 for further discussion on the remaining warrants. Revenue Recognition Substantially all of the Company's revenue has been derived from sales of its testing products and is primarily comprised of a high volume of relatively low-dollar transactions. The Company primarily markets its testing products to rheumatologists and their physician assistants in the United States. The healthcare professionals who order the Company's testing products and to whom test results are reported are generally not responsible for payment for these products. The parties that pay for these services (the Payers) consist of healthcare insurers, government payers (primarily Medicare and Medicaid), client payers (i.e., hospitals, other laboratories, etc.), and patient self-pay. The Company's service is a single performance obligation that is completed upon the delivery of test results to the prescribing physician which triggers revenue recognition. Payers are billed at the Company's list price. Net revenues recognized consist of amounts billed net of allowances for differences between amounts billed and the estimated consideration the Company expects to receive from such payers. The process for estimating revenues and the ultimate collection of accounts receivable involves significant judgment and estimation. The Company follows a standard process, which considers historical denial and collection experience, insurance reimbursement policies and other factors, to estimate allowances and implicit price concessions, recording adjustments in the current period as changes in estimates. Further adjustments to the allowances, based on actual receipts, is recorded upon settlement. The transaction price is estimated using an expected value method on a portfolio basis. The Company's portfolios are grouped per payer (i.e. each individual third-party insurance, Medicare, client payers, patient self-pay, etc.) and per test basis. Collection of the Company's net revenues from payers is normally a function of providing complete and correct billing information to the healthcare insurers and generally occurs within 30 to 90 days of billing. Contracts do not contain significant financing components based on the typical period of time between performance of services and collection of consideration. The Company early adopted Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) as of January 1, 2018 using a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit and accounts receivable of $3.1 million. Janssen Promotion Agreement In December 2018, the Company entered into a co-promotion agreement with Janssen (the Janssen agreement) to co-promote SIMPONI® in the United States. The Company is responsible for the costs associated with its salesforce over the course of such co-promotion. Janssen is responsible for all other aspects of the commercialization of SIMPONI® under the Janssen agreement. In exchange for the Company's sales and co-promotional services, the Company is entitled to a quarterly tiered promotion fee ranging from $750 to $1,250 per prescription based on the incremental increase in total prescribed units of SIMPONI® for that quarter over a predetermined baseline. The promotion fee is determined on a sliding rate, ranging from the high hundreds of dollars to the low one thousands per prescribed unit of SIMPONI®, depending on the number of increased prescriptions, and varies per increased prescription. In addition, during the term of the Janssen agreement, the Company is restricted from promoting any other biologic or Janus kinase inhibitor, or JAK inhibitor, used for treatment of indications covered by the agreement without first obtaining Janssen's written consent. In September 2019, the Company exercised their option to extend the term of the Janssen agreement to December 31, 2021. Janssen can terminate the agreement at any time for any reason upon 30 days' notice to the Company, and the Company can terminate the agreement for any reason at the end of any calendar quarter upon 30 days' notice to Janssen. Either party may terminate the agreement in the event of the other party's default of any of its material obligations under the agreement if such default remains uncured for a specified period of time following receipt of written notice of such default. The Company's obligations relating to sales and co-promotion services for SIMPONI® is a series of single performance obligations since Janssen simultaneously receives and consumes benefits provided by the Company's sales and co-promotional services. The method for measuring progress towards satisfying the performance obligations is based on prescribed units in excess of the contractual baseline at the contractual rate earned per unit since the agreement is cancelable. The Company recognized revenue of approximately $1.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2019. The related expenses for marketing SIMPONI® are included in selling, general and administrative expenses and are expensed as incurred. Research and Development Costs associated with research and development activities are expensed as incurred and include, but are not limited to, personnel-related expenses, including stock-based compensation expense, materials, laboratory supplies, consulting costs, costs associated with setting up and conducting clinical studies and allocated overhead including rent and utilities. Advertising and Marketing Costs Costs associated with advertising and marketing activities are expensed as incurred. Total advertising and marketing costs were approximately $1.6 million and $1.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying statements of operations. Shipping and Handling Costs Costs incurred for shipping and handling are included in costs of revenue in the accompanying statements of operations and totaled approximately $1.4 million and $1.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Stock-Based Compensation The Company recognizes compensation expense for all stock-based awards to employees and directors based on the grant-date estimated fair values over the requisite service period of the awards (usually the vesting period) on a straight-line basis. The fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton (BSM) option pricing model, which requires management to make certain assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. Equity award forfeitures are recorded as they occur. The BSM option pricing model incorporates various estimates, including the fair value of the Company's common stock, expected volatility, expected term and risk-free interest rates. The weighted-average expected term of options was calculated using the simplified method. This decision was based on the lack of relevant historical data due to the Company's limited historical experience. In addition, due to the Company's limited historical data, the estimated volatility incorporates the historical volatility over the expected term of the award of comparable companies whose share prices are publicly available. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the contractual term of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant. The dividend yield was zero, as the Company has never declared or paid dividends and has no plans to do so in the foreseeable future. Upon the effective date of the IPO, the Company began using the closing price of its common stock as the fair value of its common stock on the corresponding date. Prior to the completion of the IPO in September 2019, due to the absence of a public market for the Company's common stock, it was necessary to estimate the fair value of the common stock underlying the Company's stock-based awards when performing fair value calculations using the BSM option pricing model. The fair value of the common stock underlying the Company's stock-based awards was assessed on each grant date by the Company's board of directors (Board of Directors). Comprehensive Loss Comprehensive loss is defined as a change in equity of a business enterprise during a period, resulting from transactions from nonowner sources. There have been no items qualifying as other comprehensive loss and, therefore, for all periods presented, the Company's comprehensive loss was the same as its reported net loss. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined on the basis of the differences between the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company recognizes net deferred tax assets to the extent that the Company believes these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, management considers all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. If management determines that the Company would be able to realize its deferred tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, management would adjust the deferred tax asset valuation allowance, which would reduce the provision for income taxes. The Company records uncertain tax positions on the basis of a two-step process whereby (i) management determines whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained on the basis of the technical merits of the position and (ii) for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, management recognizes the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within income tax expense. Any accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax liability. Net Loss Per Share Basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common stock equivalents outstanding for the period determined using the treasury-stock and if-converted methods. Potentially dilutive common stock equivalents are comprised of redeemable convertible preferred stock, warrants for the purchase of redeemable convertible preferred and common stock and options outstanding under the Company's stock option plans. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, there is no difference in the number of shares used to calculate basic and diluted shares outstanding as the inclusion of the potentially dilutive securities would be antidilutive. Potentially dilutive securities not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive are as follows (in common stock equivalent shares): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Years Ended December 31, | | | | | | | | | | 2019 | | 2018 | | Redeemable convertible preferred stock | | | | | | — | | | 5,202,940 | | | Warrants to purchase redeemable convertible preferred stock | | | | | | — | | | 224,493 | | | Warrants to purchase common stock | | | | | | 461,273 | | | 934,789 | | | Common stock options | | | | | | 1,375,542 | | | 661,180 | | | Total | | | | | | 1,836,815 | | | 7,023,402 | |
Segment Reporting Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. The Company views its operations as, and manages its business in, one operating segment. Recent Accounting Pronouncements From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (JOBS Act), the Company meets the definition of an emerging growth company. The Company has elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act. Unless otherwise discussed, the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations upon adoption. In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The new topic supersedes Topic 840, Leases, and increases transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and requires disclosures of key information about leasing arrangements. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, which provides narrow amendments to clarify how to apply certain aspects of the new lease standard, and ASU 2018-11, Leases: Targeted Improvements, which was issued to provide relief to companies from restating comparative periods. Pursuant to this ASU, in the period of adoption the Company will not restate comparative periods presented in its financial statements. The effective date of this guidance for public companies is for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. As an emerging growth company as defined in the JOBS Act, the Company has elected to delay adoption of this ASU until January 1, 2021. Topic 842 mandates a modified retrospective transition method. The Company intends to adopt the new lease standard using a cumulative effect to accumulated deficit and will elect the package of practical expedients, which among other things will allow the Company to carry forward its historical lease classification. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of Topic 842 on its financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement: Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. Under the new guidance, entities will no longer be required to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, or valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. However, public companies will be required to disclose the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and related changes in unrealized gains and losses included in other comprehensive income. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those periods, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2018-13 on its financial statements.
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