As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 27, 2024.

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

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Form  i F-4
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

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 i JBS S.A.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

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 i Av. Marginal Direita do Tietê
500,  i Bloco I,  i 3rd Floor
CEP 05118-100
City of São Paulo, State of  i São Paulo,  i Brazil
 i + (55 11)  i 3144-4000
(Address, including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)

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JBS USA Food Company
1770 Promontory Circle
Greeley, Colorado 80634
+1 (970) 506-8000
(Name, Address, including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, including Area Code, of Agent for Service)

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Copies to:

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Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable following the effective date of this registration statement.

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If applicable, place an X in the box to designate the appropriate rule provision relied upon in conducting this transaction:

Exchange Act Rule 13(e)-4(i) (Cross-Border Issuer Tender Offer)          ☐

Exchange Act Rule 14d-1(d) (Cross-Border Third-Party Tender Offer)   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933. Emerging growth company  i ☐

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

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†        The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

Schedule A — Table of Co-Registrants

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*        JBS USA Holding Lux S.à r.l., JBS USA Food Company and JBS Luxembourg Company S.à r.l. (collectively, the “Co-Issuers”) are the co-issuers of the new notes offered hereby. JBS USA Lux S.A. was merged into JBS USA Holding Lux S.à r.l. on December 21, 2023, with JBS USA Holding Lux S.à r.l. as the surviving entity. JBS S.A. and the other listed co-registrants are guarantors of the new notes.

Each Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until each Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not complete this exchange offer or issue these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED             , 2024

PROSPECTUS

JBS S.A.

Offers to Exchange
All Outstanding Unregistered Notes of the Series Specified Below
For New Notes which have been Registered under the Securities Act of 1933

Expiration Date: 5:00 p.m., New York City Time,              2024, unless extended

We are conducting these exchange offers (each, an “Exchange Offer” and, collectively, the “Exchange Offers”) in order to provide you with an opportunity to exchange your unregistered notes for new notes that have been registered under the Securities Act.

The Exchange Offers

•        We will exchange all outstanding Old Notes that are validly tendered (and not validly withdrawn) and accepted notes for an equal principal amount of New Notes that are registered under the Securities Act.

•        The exchange offers for the Old Notes expire at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on              2024, unless extended (such date, the “Expiration Date”).

•        You may withdraw tenders of Old Notes at any time prior to the Expiration Date of the Exchange Offers.

We do not intend to list the New Notes on any securities exchange or any automated quotation system.

The terms of the New Notes to be issued in the Exchange Offers will have substantially identical terms to the corresponding series of Old Notes, except that the New Notes will be registered under the Securities Act and will not be subject to transfer restrictions or registration rights. The New Notes will have the same financial terms and covenants as the Old Notes, and are subject to the same business and financial risks. The New Notes will be guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by JBS S.A., JBS Global Luxembourg S.à r.l. and JBS Global Meat Holdings Pty. Limited (collectively, the “Parent Guarantors”). Each guarantee constitutes a separate security offered by the Parent Guarantors.

All untendered Old Notes will continue to be subject to the restrictions on transfer set forth in the Old Notes and in the applicable Indenture (as defined herein). In general, the Old Notes may not be offered or sold, unless registered under the Securities Act, except pursuant to an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. Other than in connection with the Exchange Offers, we do not currently anticipate that we will register the Old Notes under the Securities Act.

We have undertaken the Exchange Offers for the Old 6.750% Senior Notes due 2034 and the Old 7.250% Senior Notes due 2053 (together, the “Old September Notes”) that were issued on September 19, 2023, pursuant to the terms of a Registration Rights Agreement (as defined herein), which requires us to consummate an exchange offer for the Old September Notes pursuant to an effective registration statement.

On August 21, 2023, our prior exchange offers in which we offered to exchange Old Notes (other than the Old September Notes) for New Notes (other than the New 6.750% Senior Notes due 2034 and the New 7.250% Senior Notes due 2053) expired. We have undertaken the Exchange Offers for the Old Notes (other than the Old September Notes) to provide holders of such Old Notes another opportunity to exchange their series of Old Notes for the corresponding series of New Notes. Holders of the Old Notes that exchanged their Old Notes in our prior exchange offers do not need to re-tender their Old Notes or take any other action in connection with these Exchange Offers. The Old Notes (other than the Old September Notes) that are validly tendered, not withdrawn and accepted for exchange in the Exchange Offers and the corresponding series of New Notes delivered promptly after such acceptance will be fully fungible with the corresponding series of registered new notes that were issued in our prior exchange offers.

The old 6.750% Senior Notes due 2034 were, and the new 6.750% Senior Notes due 2034 will be, issued under an indenture, dated as of September 19, 2023 (as supplemented through the date hereof, the “2034 Notes Indenture”), by and among the Co-Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Regions Bank, as trustee.

The old 7.250% Senior Notes due 2053 were, and the new 7.250% Senior Notes due 2053 will be, issued under an indenture, dated as of September 19, 2023 (as supplemented through the date hereof, the “2053 Notes Indenture”), by and among the Co-Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Regions Bank, as trustee.

The old 2.500% Senior Notes due 2027 were, and the new 2.500% Senior Notes due 2027 will be, issued under an indenture, dated as of August 19, 2022 (as supplemented through the date hereof, the “2027 Notes Indenture”), by and among the Co-Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Regions Bank, as trustee.

The old 5.125% Senior Notes due 2028 were, and the new 5.125% Senior Notes due 2028 will be, issued under an indenture, dated as of June 21, 2022 (as supplemented through the date hereof, the “2028 Notes Indenture”), by and among the Co-Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Regions Bank, as trustee.

The old 6.500% Senior Notes due 2029 were, and the new 6.500% Senior Notes due 2029 will be, issued under an indenture, dated as of April 15, 2019 (as supplemented through the date hereof, the “6.500% 2029 Notes Indenture”), by and among the Co-Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Regions Bank, as trustee.

The old 3.000% Senior Notes due 2029 were, and the new 3.000% Senior Notes due 2029 will be, issued under an indenture, dated as of February 2, 2022 (as supplemented through the date hereof, the “3.000% 2029 Notes Indenture”), by and among the Co-Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Regions Bank, as trustee.

The old 5.500% Senior Notes due 2030 were, and the new 5.500% Senior Notes due 2030 will be, issued under an indenture, dated as of August 6, 2019 (as supplemented through the date hereof, the “2030 Notes Indenture”), by and among the Co-Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Regions Bank, as trustee.

The old 3.750% Senior Notes due 2031 were, and the new 3.750% Senior Notes due 2031 will be, issued under an indenture, dated as of May 28, 2021 (as supplemented through the date hereof, the “2031 Notes Indenture”), by and among the Co-Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Regions Bank, as trustee.

The old 3.000% Sustainability-Linked Senior Notes due 2032 were, and the new 3.000% Sustainability-Linked Senior Notes due 2032 will be, issued under an indenture, dated as of December 1, 2021 (as supplemented through the date hereof, the “3.000% 2032 Notes Indenture”), by and among the Co-Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Regions Bank, as trustee.

The old 3.625% Sustainability-Linked Senior Notes due 2032 were, and the new 3.625% Sustainability-Linked Senior Notes due 2032 will be, issued under an indenture, dated as of August 19, 2022 (as supplemented through the date hereof, the “3.625% 2032 Notes Indenture”), by and among the Co-Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Regions Bank, as trustee.

The old 5.750% Senior Notes due 2033 were, and the new 5.750% Senior Notes due 2033 will be, issued under an indenture, dated as of June 21, 2022 (as supplemented through the date hereof, the “2033 Notes Indenture”), by and among the Co-Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Regions Bank, as trustee.

The old 4.375% Senior Notes due 2052 were, and the new 4.375% Senior Notes due 2052 will be, issued under an indenture, dated as of February 2, 2022 (as supplemented through the date hereof, the “4.375% 2052 Notes Indenture”), by and among the Co-Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Regions Bank, as trustee.

The old 6.500% Senior Notes due 2052 were, and the new 6.500% Senior Notes due 2052 will be, issued under an indenture, dated as of June 21, 2022 (as supplemented through the date hereof, the “6.500% 2052 Notes Indenture” and collectively with the 2034 Notes Indenture, the 2053 Notes Indenture, the 2027 Notes Indenture, the 2028 Notes Indenture, the 6.500% 2029 Notes Indenture, the 3.000% 2029 Notes Indenture, the 2030 Notes Indenture, the 2031 Notes Indenture, the 3.000% 2032 Notes Indenture, the 3.625% 2032 Notes Indenture, the 2033 Notes Indenture and the 4.375% 2052 Notes Indenture, the “Indentures”), by and among the Co-Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Regions Bank, as trustee.

References to the “trustee” herein are in respect to Regions Bank in its respective capacity as trustee under each of the applicable Indentures. Each series of New Notes will be exchanged for Old Notes of the corresponding series in minimum denominations of US$2,000 and integral multiples of US$1,000 in excess thereof. We will not receive any proceeds from the issuance of the New Notes in the Exchange Offers.

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See the section entitled “Risk Factors” in this prospectus for a discussion of risk factors that you should consider prior to tendering your Old Notes in the Exchange Offers.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

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The date of this prospectus is             , 2024

This prospectus may only be used where it is legal to make the Exchange Offers and by a broker-dealer for resales of New Notes acquired in the Exchange Offers where it is legal to do so.

In making a decision regarding the Exchange Offers, you should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with any other information. If you receive any other information, you should not rely on it.

None of the Co-Issuers, the Parent Guarantors, D.F. King & Co., Inc. (the “Exchange Agent”) or any affiliate of any of their respective affiliates makes any recommendation as to whether or not holders of Old Notes should exchange their series of Old Notes for the corresponding series of New Notes in response to the Exchange Offers.

You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front cover of this prospectus. Neither the delivery of this prospectus nor any exchange made hereunder shall under any circumstances imply that the information herein is correct as of any date subsequent to the date on the cover of this prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

Each broker-dealer that receives New Notes for its own account pursuant to the Exchange Offers must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in connection with any resale of such New Notes. By so acknowledging and by delivering a prospectus, a broker-dealer will not be deemed to admit that it is an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act. This prospectus, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, may be used by a broker-dealer in connection with resales of New Notes received in exchange for Old Notes where such New Notes were acquired by such broker-dealer as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities. We have agreed that, for a period of 90 days after the Expiration Date, to make this prospectus available, upon request, to any broker-dealer for use in connection with any such resale. See “Plan of Distribution.”

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CERTAIN DEFINED TERMS

Except where the context otherwise requires, in this prospectus:

•        “JBS S.A.” refers to JBS S.A., a Brazilian corporation (sociedade anônima).

•        “JBS Group,” “we,” “our,” “us,” “our company” or like terms refer to JBS S.A. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires or otherwise indicated.

•        “JBS USA” refers to JBS USA Holding Lux S.à r.l., a private limited liability company (société à responsabilité limitée) incorporated and existing under the laws of Luxembourg. JBS USA is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of JBS S.A. JBS USA Lux S.A. was merged into JBS USA on December 21, 2023, with JBS USA as the surviving entity.

In addition, in this prospectus, except where otherwise indicated or where the context requires otherwise:

•        “Australia” means the Commonwealth of Australia.

•        “BNDES” means the Brazilian Economic and Social Development Bank (Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social — BNDES).

•        “BNDESPar” means BNDES Participações S.A., a corporation (sociedade por ações) incorporated under the laws of Brazil and wholly owned by BNDES. For more information, see “Principal Shareholders.”

•        “B3” or “São Paulo Stock Exchange” means B3 S.A. — Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão.

•        “Brazil” means the Federative Republic of Brazil.

•        “Brazilian Central Bank” means the Central Bank of Brazil (Banco Central do Brasil).

•        “Brazilian Corporation Law” means the Brazilian Law No. 6,404/76, as amended.

•        “Brazilian real,” “Brazilian reais” or “R$” means the Brazilian real, the official currency of Brazil.

•        “Co-Issuers” means JBS USA, JBS USA Food Company and JBS Luxembourg Company, wholly-owned subsidiaries of JBS S.A. and co-issuers of the New Notes.

•        “CMN” means the Brazilian Monetary Council (Conselho Monetário Nacional).

•        “CVM” means the Brazilian Securities Commission (Comissão de Valores Mobiliários).

•        “direct controlling shareholders” means J&F and JBS Participações.

•        “DOJ” means the U.S. Department of Justice.

•        “EUR” or “€” means the Euro, the official currency of the European Economic Area.

•        “Exchange Act” means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

•        “Huon Acquisition” means JBS USA’s acquisition of Huon Aquaculture Group Ltd (“Huon”), an Australian salmon aquaculture business. The Huon Acquisition was completed on November 17, 2021.

•        “IASB” means the International Accounting Standards Board.

•        “IFRS” means International Financial Reporting Standards.

•        “J&F” means J&F Investimentos S.A., a corporation (sociedade por ações) incorporated under the laws of Brazil. J&F is controlled by our ultimate controlling shareholders. See “Principal Shareholders.”

•        “JBS Australia” means Baybrick Pty Limited, an Australian proprietary limited company. JBS Australia is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of JBS S.A.

•        “JBS Canada” means JBS Food Canada ULC, a Canadian unlimited company. JBS Canada is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of JBS S.A.

•        “JBS Finance Luxembourg” means JBS Finance Luxembourg S.à r.l., a private limited liability company (société à responsabilité limitée) incorporated and existing under the laws of Luxembourg. JBS Finance Luxembourg is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of JBS S.A.

•        “JBS Luxembourg Company” means JBS Luxembourg Company S.à r.l., a private limited liability company (société à responsabilité limitée) incorporated and existing under the laws of Luxembourg. JBS Luxembourg Company is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of JBS S.A.

•        “JBS Participações” means JBS Participações Societárias S.A., a corporation (sociedade por ações) incorporated under the laws of Brazil. JBS Participações is controlled by our ultimate controlling shareholders. See “Principal Shareholders.”

•        “King Acquisition” means JBS S.A.’s acquisition of King’s Group (“King”), a global producer of bresaola, with a presence in Italy and the United States. The King Acquisition was completed on February 4, 2022.

•        “Luxembourg” means the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.

•        “Margarine and Mayonnaise Business Acquisition” means Seara’s acquisition of Bunge Alimentos’ margarine and mayonnaise businesses in Brazil. The acquisition was completed on November 30, 2020.

•        “Mexico” means the United Mexican States.

•        “Moy Park” means Moy Park Holdings (Europe) Ltd., a private company incorporated under the laws of Northern Ireland. Moy Park owns the companies that comprise the “Moy Park” business based in the United Kingdom, France and the Netherlands. Moy Park is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PPC.

•        “the Netherlands” means the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.

•        “Parent Guarantors” means JBS S.A. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries JBS Global Luxembourg S.à r.l. and JBS Global Meat Holdings Pty. Limited. The New Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Parent Guarantors.

•        “Pilgrim’s Food Masters Acquisition” means PPC’s acquisition of the specialty meats and ready meals businesses of Kerry Group plc, which have subsequently changed their name to Pilgrim’s Food Masters (“PFM”). The specialty meats and ready meals businesses are manufacturers of branded and private label meats, meat snacks and food-to-go products in the United Kingdom and Ireland and an ethnic chilled and frozen ready meals business in the United Kingdom. The Pilgrim’s Food Masters Acquisition was completed on September 24, 2021.

•        “PPC” means Pilgrim’s Pride Corporation, a Delaware corporation. JBS S.A. beneficially owns approximately 83% of PPC’s outstanding common stock.

•        “Rivalea Acquisition” means JBS Australia’s acquisition of Rivalea Holdings Pty Ltd and Oxdale Dairy Enterprise Pty Ltd. (“Rivalea”), a hog breeding and processing business in Australia. The Rivalea Acquisition was completed on January 4, 2022.

•        “Seara” means Seara Alimentos Ltda., a Brazilian limited liability company (sociedade limitada). Seara and its subsidiaries produce poultry, pork and processed foods in Brazil. Seara is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of JBS S.A.

•        “SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

•        “Securities Act” means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

•        “Sunnyvalley Acquisition” means JBS USA’s acquisition of Sunnyvalley Smoked Meats, Inc. (“Sunnyvalley”), a producer of a variety of smoked bacon, ham and turkey products for sale to retail and wholesale consumers under the Sunnyvalley brand. The Sunnyvalley Acquisition was completed on December 1, 2021.

•        “TriOak Business Acquisition” means JBS USA’s acquisition of the TriOak Foods (“TriOak”) business. TriOak is an American pork producer and grain marketer. The TriOak Business Acquisition was completed on December 2, 2022.

•        “U.K.” or “United Kingdom” means the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

•        “ultimate controlling shareholders” means Messrs. Joesley Mendonça Batista and Wesley Mendonça Batista.

•        “U.S.” or “United States” means the United States of America.

•        “U.S. dollars,” “US$” or “$” means U.S. dollars, the official currency of the United States.

•        “USDA” means the United States Department of Agriculture.

•        “Vivera Business Acquisition” means JBS USA’s acquisition of the business of Vivera Topholding BV (“Vivera”), a manufacturer of plant-based food products in Europe. Vivera offers products under the Vivera brand, as well as private labels, in more than 25 countries. The Vivera Business Acquisition was completed on June 17, 2021.

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus includes statements reflecting assumptions, expectations, intentions or beliefs about future events that are intended as “forward-looking statements” as defined under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements included in this prospectus, other than statements of historical fact, that address activities, events or developments that we or our management expect, believe or anticipate will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements. These statements represent our reasonable judgment on the future based on various factors and using numerous assumptions and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results and financial position to differ materially from those contemplated by the statements. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. They use words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project,” “forecast,” “plan,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “expect” and other words of similar meaning. In particular, these include, but are not limited to, statements of our current views and estimates of future economic circumstances, industry conditions in domestic and international markets and our performance and financial results.

Among the factors that may cause actual results and events to differ from the anticipated results and expectations expressed in such forward-looking statements are the following:

•        the risk of outbreak of animal diseases, more stringent trade barriers in key export markets and increased regulation of food safety and security;

•        product contamination or recall concerns;

•        fluctuations in the prices of live cattle, hogs, chicken, corn and soymeal;

•        fluctuations in the selling prices of beef, pork and chicken products;

•        developments in, or changes to, the laws, regulations and governmental policies governing our business and products or failure to comply with them, including environmental and sanitary liabilities;

•        currency exchange rate fluctuations, trade barriers, exchange controls, political risk and other risks associated with export and foreign operations;

•        changes in international trade regulations;

•        our strategic direction and future operation;

•        deterioration of economic conditions globally and more specifically in the principal markets in which we operate;

•        our ability to implement our business plan, including our ability to arrange financing when required and on reasonable terms and the implementation of our financing strategy and capital expenditure plan;

•        the successful integration or implementation of mergers and acquisitions, joint ventures, strategic alliances or divestiture plans;

•        the competitive nature of the industry in which we operate and the consolidation of our customers;

•        customer demands and preferences;

•        our level of indebtedness;

•        adverse weather conditions in our areas of operations;

•        continued access to a stable workforce and favorable labor relations with employees;

•        our dependence on key members of our management;

•        the interests of our ultimate controlling shareholders;

•        reputational risk in connection with U.S. and Brazilian civil and criminal actions and investigations involving our ultimate controlling shareholders, and the outcome of these actions;

•        economic instability in Brazil and a resulting reduction in market confidence in the Brazilian economy;

•        political crises in Brazil;

•        the declaration or payment of dividends or interest attributable to shareholders’ equity;

•        the ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine and the Israel-Hamas conflict, including higher prices for commodities, such as food products, ingredients and energy products, increasing inflation in some countries, and disrupted trade and supply chains as a result of disruptions caused by these conflicts;

•        unfavorable outcomes in legal and regulatory proceedings and government investigations that we are, or may become, a party to;

•        the risk factors discussed under the heading “Risk Factors”;

•        other factors or trends affecting our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations; and

•        other statements contained in this prospectus regarding matters that are not historical facts.

In addition, there may be other factors and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, that could cause our actual results and events to be materially different from the results referenced in the forward-looking statements. Many of these factors will be important in determining our actual future results. Consequently, any or all of our forward-looking statements may turn out to be inaccurate.

We caution investors not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

All forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.

PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL AND OTHER INFORMATION

Financial Statements

JBS S.A. maintains its books and records in Brazilian reais, which is its functional currency. JBS S.A.’s consolidated financial statements included in this prospectus are presented in U.S. dollars. JBS S.A.’s consolidated financial statements included in this prospectus include the consolidation of the financial statements of all of its subsidiaries which are prepared using each subsidiary’s respective functional currency. At the entity level, transactions in foreign currencies other than the functional currency of the entity are initially measured using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of each transaction. Foreign currency monetary items in the statement of financial position are translated using the closing exchange rate as of the reporting date. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the remeasurement at period end of foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are recognized in the consolidated statement of income, under the captions “Finance income” or “Finance expense.”

This prospectus includes financial information derived from JBS S.A.’s audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes thereto, which are included elsewhere in this prospectus. We refer to these as “JBS S.A.’s audited financial statements.”

JBS S.A.’s audited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as issued by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We have disclosed certain non-GAAP financial measures in this prospectus, including Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin. These non-GAAP financial measures are used as measures of performance by our management and should not be considered as measures of financial performance in accordance with IFRS. You should rely on non-GAAP financial measures in a supplemental manner only in making your investment decision. There is no standard definition of non-GAAP financial measures, and JBS S.A.’s definitions may not be comparable to those used by other companies.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin

Adjusted EBITDA is calculated by making the following adjustments to net income, as further described in this prospectus (see “Summary — Summary Historical Financial Data”): exclusion of net finance expenses; exclusion of current and deferred income taxes; exclusion of depreciation and amortization expenses; exclusion of share of profit of equity-accounted investees, net of tax; exclusion of antitrust agreements expenses; exclusion of donations and social programs expenses; exclusion of J&F Leniency expenses refund; exclusion of impairment of assets; exclusion of restructuring expenses; and exclusion of certain other operating income (expense), net.

Adjusted EBITDA Margin is calculated by dividing Adjusted EBITDA by net revenue.

The use of Adjusted EBITDA, instead of net income, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin, instead of net margin, have limitations as analytical tools, including the following:

•        Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, working capital needs;

•        Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin do not reflect interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments, on debt;

•        Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin do not reflect income tax expense or the cash requirements to pay taxes;

•        Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin do not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements;

•        Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin do not reflect historical cash expenditures or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments; and

•        Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin include adjustments that represent cash expenses or that represent non-cash charges that may relate to future cash expenses.

For more information about Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin and the adjusting items JBS S.A. used to calculate Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin, see “Summary — Summary Historical Financial Data.”

Industry and Market Data

Certain market and industry data included in this prospectus have been obtained from third-party sources that we believe to be reliable, such as the USDA. We have not independently verified such third-party information and cannot assure you of its accuracy or completeness. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding any market, industry or similar data presented herein, such data involves risks and uncertainties and is subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors.”

Nothing in this prospectus should be interpreted as a market forecast.

Brands

This prospectus includes trademarks, trade names and trade dress of other companies. Use or display by us of other parties’ trademarks, trade names or trade dress or products is not intended to and does not imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, the trademark, trade name or trade dress owners. Solely for the convenience of investors, in some cases we refer to our brands in this prospectus without the ® symbol, but these references are not intended to indicate in any way that we will not assert our rights to these brands to the fullest extent permitted by law.

Rounding

Certain figures and some percentages included in this prospectus have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, the totals included in certain tables contained in this prospectus may not correspond to the arithmetic aggregation of the figures or percentages that precede them.

RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the risks described below, together with all of the other information included in this prospectus, before making an investment decision. Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected by any of these risks or uncertainties. In that case, the trading prices of the New Notes could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. The risks described below are those that we currently believe may materially affect us. Additional risks not presently known to us, or that we currently consider immaterial, may also materially adversely affect us.

For purposes of this section, when we state that a risk, uncertainty or problem may, could or will have an “adverse effect” on us or “adversely affect” us, we mean that the risk, uncertainty or problem could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and/or prospects, and/or the price of the New Notes, except as otherwise indicated. You should view similar expressions in this section as having similar meaning.

Risks Related to the Exchange Offers

The Exchange Offers may not be consummated.

The Exchange Offers are subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including if we determine in our reasonable judgment at any time before the Expiration Date that the Exchange Offers would violate applicable law or any applicable interpretation of the staff of the SEC (the “Staff”). Even if the Exchange Offers are completed, any or all of them may not be completed on the schedule described in this prospectus.

Accordingly, holders participating in the Exchange Offers may have to wait longer than expected to receive the New Notes, during which time those holders will not be able to effect transfers of their Old Notes tendered in the applicable Exchange Offer.

If you fail to exchange your Old Notes, they will continue to be restricted securities and will likely become less liquid.

Old Notes that you do not tender, or we do not accept, will, following the Exchange Offers, continue to be restricted securities, and you may not offer to sell them except pursuant to an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. We will issue each series of New Notes in exchange for the Old Notes of the corresponding series pursuant to the applicable Exchange Offer only following the satisfaction of the procedures and conditions set forth in “The Exchange Offers — Procedures for Tendering” and “The Exchange Offers — Conditions to the Exchange Offers.”

Because we anticipate that all or substantially all holders of Old Notes will elect to exchange their Old Notes in these Exchange Offers, we expect that the market for any Old Notes remaining after the completion of the Exchange Offers will be substantially limited. Any Old Notes tendered and exchanged in the Exchange Offers will reduce the aggregate principal amount of the Old Notes of the applicable series outstanding. If you do not tender your Old Notes following the Exchange Offers, you generally will not have any further registration rights, and your Old Notes will continue to be subject to certain transfer restrictions. Accordingly, the liquidity of the market for the Old Notes of each series is likely to be adversely affected.

Late deliveries of Old Notes could prevent a holder from exchanging its Old Notes.

Holders are responsible for complying with all procedures of the Exchange Offers. The issuance of New Notes in exchange for Old Notes will only occur upon completion of the procedures described in this prospectus under “The Exchange Offers.” Therefore, holders of each series of Old Notes who wish to exchange them for New Notes of the corresponding series should allow sufficient time for timely completion of the applicable Exchange Offer procedures. Neither we nor the Exchange Agent are obligated to extend the offer or notify you of any failure to follow the proper procedures or waive any defect if you fail to follow the proper procedures.

If you are a broker-dealer, your ability to transfer the New Notes may be restricted.

A broker-dealer that purchased Old Notes for its own account as part of market-making or trading activities must comply with the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act when it sells the New Notes. Our obligation to make this prospectus available to broker-dealers is limited. Consequently, we cannot guarantee that a proper prospectus will be available to broker-dealers wishing to resell their New Notes. See “Plan of Distribution.”

Risks Relating to Our Debt and the Notes and the Guarantees

We are not prohibited from incurring significantly more debt.

As of December 31, 2023, our total outstanding indebtedness was US$19,999.1 million, consisting of US$891.6 million of current loans and financings and US$19,107.6 million of non-current loans and financings. If we are unable to repay or refinance our current or non-current loans and financings as they mature, this would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition. The terms of the indentures and other contracts governing our existing debt permit us to incur significant additional indebtedness in the future, including secured debt. We may borrow additional funds to fund our capital expenditures, working capital needs or other purposes, including under the JBS USA Senior Unsecured Revolving Facility (as defined in “Description of Material Indebtedness”) or to fund future acquisitions. In addition, under the terms of our indentures and other contracts governing our existing debt, we are also permitted to incur significant additional short-term or long-term indebtedness, and our consolidated debt levels could increase. See “Description of Material Indebtedness” and “Description of the New Notes.”

The Co-Issuers’ and the Parent Guarantors’ obligations to repay secured debt, and the obligations of JBS USA’s non-guarantor subsidiaries to repay their debt and other liabilities will have priority over the Co-Issuers’ obligations under the New Notes and the Parent Guarantors’ obligations under their guarantees of the New Notes.

The New Notes and the guarantees thereof are senior unsecured obligations and are effectively subordinated to the Co-Issuers’ and Parent Guarantors’ secured obligations to the extent of the value of the assets securing such obligations. The New Notes are structurally subordinated to all existing and future debt and other liabilities, including trade payables, of JBS USA’s non-guarantor subsidiaries, including JBS USA’s Australian subsidiaries. The indentures governing the New Notes permit us to incur a significant amount of additional secured debt.

In addition, the New Notes will be effectively subordinated to the claims of JBS USA’s livestock suppliers under the Packers and Stockyards Act of 1921, as amended, which grants to those suppliers preferential treatment as creditors. See “Information about JBS S.A.— Regulation — North America.”

JBS USA’s subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities and have no obligation to pay any amounts to JBS USA, whether by dividends, loans, advances or other payments. The ability of subsidiaries to pay dividends and make other payments to JBS USA depends on their earnings, capital requirements and general financial conditions and is restricted by, among other things, applicable corporate and other laws and regulations and the provisions of agreements to which they are or may become a party.

The effect of this subordination to secured debt described in the first paragraph of this risk factor is that if a Co-Issuer or a Parent Guarantor is involved in a bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or similar proceeding, or upon a default in payment on, or the acceleration of, any debt under the Co-Issuer’s or a Parent Guarantors’ secured debt, the Co-Issuers’ assets and those of the Parent Guarantors that secure such debt will be available to pay obligations on the New Notes only after all debt under such other secured debt has been paid in full from those assets. The effect of the structural subordination described in the first paragraph of this risk factor is that the non-guarantor subsidiaries of JBS USA and JBS S.A. will not be obligated to make any payments on the New Notes, and, therefore, all of their obligations, including trade payables, will effectively rank senior to the New Notes. The Co-Issuers and the Parent Guarantors may not have sufficient assets remaining to pay amounts due on any or all of the New Notes then outstanding. See “Description of the New Notes” and “Description of Material Indebtedness.”

Covenant restrictions under certain of our other debt agreements may limit our ability to operate our business.

Certain of our other debt agreements contain, among other things, covenants that may restrict our ability to finance future operations or capital needs or to engage in other business activities. Such debt agreements restrict, among other things, our ability to:

•        incur additional indebtedness;

•        create liens on or sell our assets;

•        pay dividends on or redeem capital stock;

•        make restricted payments;

•        create or permit restrictions on the ability of subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other distributions;

•        enter into transactions with affiliates; and

•        engage in mergers, consolidations and certain dispositions of assets.

In addition, certain of our credit facilities require us and certain of our subsidiaries to maintain specified financial ratios and tests which may require that we or they take action to reduce debt or to act in a manner contrary to our business objectives. Events beyond our control, including changes in general business and economic conditions, may affect our ability to meet those financial ratios and tests.

We may not meet those ratios and tests, and our creditors may not waive any failure to meet those ratios and tests. A breach of any of these covenants or failure to maintain these ratios would result in an event of default under the relevant credit facility, and any such event of default or resulting acceleration under such credit facility could result in an event of default under our indentures and/or other debt agreements. If an event of default under a credit facility were to occur, the lenders could elect to declare all amounts outstanding thereunder, together with accrued interest, to be immediately due and payable which could result in events of default under the indentures governing the New Notes. See “Description of the New Notes” and “Description of Material Indebtedness.”

Obligations under the New Notes and the related guarantees will be subordinated to certain statutory liabilities.

Under the laws of the jurisdiction of organization of JBS USA, JBS Luxembourg Company and the Parent Guarantors, obligations under the New Notes will be subordinated to certain statutory preferences. In the event of any liquidation, bankruptcy, or judicial reorganization of such entities, such statutory preferences, including motions for restitution, post-petition claims, claims for salaries, wages, social security, taxes and court fees and expenses and claims secured by collateral, among others, will have preference and priority over any other claims, including any claims in respect of JBS USA, JBS Luxembourg Company and the Parent Guarantors under the New Notes.

The indentures governing the New Notes provide for the release of the guarantees of the New Notes, our ability to substitute JBS USA as an issuer, and our ability to release JBS USA Food Company as an issuer of the New Notes.

If certain conditions are met, the Parent Guarantors will be released from their guarantees of the New Notes. See “Description of the New Notes — Release of Guarantees of Parent Guarantors and Fall-Away of Covenants of Parent.” Moreover, we may substitute JBS USA for a direct or indirect parent of JBS USA or any subsidiary of JBS USA that owns, or after the substitution, will own, a majority of the assets of the JBS USA for purposes of the indentures, as described under “Description of the New Notes — Substitution of the Company.” Alternatively, if certain conditions are met, we may release JBS USA Food Company as an issuer of the New Notes for purposes of the indentures, as described under “Description of the New Notes — Release of JBS USA Food as an Issuer.”

As a consequence of any release of any guarantees of the New Notes, the substitution of JBS USA as an issuer and/or the release of JBS USA Food Company as an issuer of the New Notes, the obligor or obligors, assets and revenues available for repayment of the New Notes may be significantly different from the obligors, assets and revenues at the time of a holder’s investment in the New Notes. In addition, following any release of any guarantees of the New Notes or the release of JBS USA Food Company as an issuer, the applicable guarantors that have their guarantees released may continue to guarantee certain of our other outstanding debt and/or JBS USA Food Company may continue to be

an issuer of certain of our other outstanding notes, and the New Notes would effectively be subordinated in right of payment to such outstanding debt. Moreover, a substitution of JBS USA as an issuer or a release of JBS USA Food Company as an issuer could have adverse tax consequences to holders of the New Notes.

Restrictions on the movement of currency out of Brazil and changes in the foreign exchange policy of Brazil may impair the ability of holders of the New Notes to receive interest and other payments on the New Notes in respect of the guarantee provided by JBS S.A. In addition, judgments of Brazilian courts enforcing JBS S.A.’s obligations under its guarantee would be payable only in Brazilian reais.

The Brazilian government may impose temporary restrictions on the conversion of Brazilian currency into foreign currencies and on the remittance to foreign investors of proceeds of their investments in Brazil. Brazilian law permits the government to impose these restrictions whenever there is a serious imbalance in Brazil’s balance of payments or there are reasons to foresee a serious imbalance.

The Brazilian government imposed remittance restrictions for approximately six months in 1990. Similar restrictions, if imposed in the future, would impair or prevent the conversion of interest payments on the New Notes from Brazilian reais into U.S. dollars and the remittance of U.S. dollars abroad to holders of the New Notes. The Brazilian government may take similar measures in the future.

Under Brazilian regulations, Brazilian companies are not required to obtain authorization from the Brazilian Central Bank in order to make payments under guarantees in favor of foreign persons, such as the holders of the New Notes. We cannot assure you that these regulations will continue to be in force at the time we are required to perform our payment obligations under the guarantee. If these regulations are modified and an authorization from the Brazilian Central Bank is required, we would need to seek an authorization from the Brazilian Central Bank to transfer the amounts under the guarantee out of Brazil or, alternatively, make such payments with funds held by us outside Brazil. We cannot assure you that such an authorization will be obtained or that such funds will be available.

If proceedings are brought in the courts of Brazil seeking to enforce our obligations under the guarantee, we would not be required to discharge our obligations in a currency other than Brazilian reais. Any judgment obtained against us in Brazilian courts in respect of any payment obligations under the guarantee would be expressed in Brazilian reais. We cannot assure you that this amount in Brazilian reais will afford you full compensation of the amount sought in any such litigation.

Brazilian bankruptcy laws may be less favorable to you than U.S. bankruptcy and insolvency laws.

If JBS USA is unable to pay its indebtedness and JBS S.A. fails to pay its obligations under the guarantee that guarantees any such indebtedness, then we may become subject to bankruptcy proceedings in Brazil. Brazilian bankruptcy law is significantly different from, and may be less favorable to creditors than, the bankruptcy law in effect in the United States. In addition, any judgment obtained against us in Brazilian courts in respect of any payment obligations under the New Notes may be expressed in the real equivalent of the U.S. dollar amount of such sum at the exchange rate in effect (1) on the date of actual payment, (2) on the date on which collection or enforcement proceedings are started against us or (3) the execution date of the respective agreement. Consequently, in the event of our bankruptcy in a liquidation proceeding, all of our debt obligations, including the guarantee, that are denominated in foreign currency will be converted into Brazilian reais at the prevailing exchange rate on the date of declaration of our bankruptcy by the court. However, in a reorganization proceeding under Brazilian bankruptcy law, all of our debt obligations, including the guarantee, that are denominated in foreign currency will remain in foreign currency, unless the parties agree otherwise. In addition, creditors of certain of the guarantors may hold negotiable instruments or other instruments governed by local law that grant rights to attach the assets of such guarantors at the inception of judicial proceedings in the relevant jurisdiction, which attachment is likely to result in priorities benefitting those creditors when compared to the rights of holders of the New Notes.

You may find it more difficult to enforce your rights against JBS USA, JBS Luxembourg Company and the Luxembourg guarantor than you would if they were a U.S. corporation.

JBS USA, JBS Luxembourg Company and the Luxembourg guarantor are organized in Luxembourg, and the corporate laws of Luxembourg govern their formation documents and corporate affairs. The rights of JBS USA, JBS Luxembourg Company and the Luxembourg guarantor and the responsibilities of JBS USA’s, JBS Luxembourg Company’s and the Luxembourg guarantor’s management are different from those for corporations established under

the statutes and judicial precedents of the United States. You may find it more difficult to protect your interests against actions by JBS USA, JBS Luxembourg Company, the Luxembourg guarantor and their managers or directors, as applicable, than you would if JBS USA, JBS Luxembourg Company and the Luxembourg guarantor were U.S. corporations. Service of process upon individuals or firms that are not resident in the United States may be difficult to obtain within the United States. Certain individual members of JBS USA’s, JBS Luxembourg Company’s and the Luxembourg guarantor’s board and management may reside outside the United States. Because the assets of JBS USA, JBS Luxembourg Company and the Luxembourg guarantor, certain of their subsidiaries and the assets of certain directors or managers are outside the United States, any judgment obtained in the United States against us or such persons may not be collectible within the United States. JBS USA, JBS Luxembourg Company and the Luxembourg guarantor have appointed JBS USA Food Company as their agent to receive service of process in any action against it in any federal court or court in the State of New York in connection with the New Notes, the guarantees of the New Notes and the indentures governing the New Notes. JBS USA, JBS Luxembourg Company and the Luxembourg guarantor have not given consent for such agent to accept service of process in connection with any other claim. We have been advised by Luxembourg counsel to JBS USA, JBS Luxembourg Company and the Luxembourg guarantor that judgments of non-Luxembourg courts for civil liabilities predicated upon the securities laws of countries other than Luxembourg, including U.S. securities laws, may be enforced in Luxembourg, but enforcement is subject to a number of requirements.

Luxembourg bankruptcy laws may be different than U.S. and other bankruptcy and insolvency laws.

If JBS USA, JBS Luxembourg Company or the Luxembourg guarantor are unable to pay their indebtedness, including their respective obligations under the New Notes or the guarantees, then JBS USA, JBS Luxembourg Company and the Luxembourg guarantor may become subject to bankruptcy or reorganization proceedings in Luxembourg. Luxembourg bankruptcy law is significantly different from, and may be less favorable to creditors than, the bankruptcy law in effect in the United States.

Judgments of Luxembourg courts enforcing our obligations would be payable only in euros.

If proceedings are brought in the courts of Luxembourg seeking to enforce JBS USA’s and JBS Luxembourg Company’s obligations under the New Notes, JBS USA and JBS Luxembourg Company would not be required to discharge their obligations in a currency other than euros. Any judgment obtained against JBS USA and JBS Luxembourg Company in Luxembourg courts in respect of any payment obligations would be expressed in euros. We cannot assure you that this amount in euros will afford you full compensation of the amount sought in any such litigation.

Payments by JBS USA under the New Notes may be subject to taxes in Luxembourg.

An investment in the New Notes involves a number of complex tax considerations. Holders should consult their tax advisors as to the particular tax consequences in relation to investing, holding and disposing the New Notes in light of their particular circumstances.

Certain guarantees will be subject to certain limitations on enforcement and may be limited by applicable law or subject to certain defenses that may limit the validity and enforceability.

The guarantors will guarantee the payment of the New Notes on a senior basis. Each guarantee will provide the relevant holders of the New Notes with a direct claim against the relevant guarantor. However, the indentures governing the New Notes provide for general and local law specific limitation language to the effect that relevant guarantees and relevant security interests granted (as well as any other obligation, liability or indemnification under the indenture or any related finance document) will be limited in order to take into account corporate benefit, fraudulent conveyance or transfer, voidable preference, financial assistance, corporate purpose, capital maintenance, liquidity maintenance or similar laws as well as regulations or defenses affecting the rights of creditors generally, for example by limiting the maximum amount that can be guaranteed by the relevant guarantor with respect to the aggregate obligations and exposure of the guarantor or by limiting the enforceability of the relevant guarantee.

JBS USA may be unable to repurchase the New Notes if we experience a change of control.

JBS USA is required by the indentures governing the New Notes, in the event of certain changes in the control of JBS USA that results in a ratings decline to offer to purchase all of the outstanding New Notes at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount outstanding plus accrued and unpaid interest and special interest, if any, to the date of repurchase. Our failure to repay holders tendering their notes upon a change of control that results in a ratings decline will result in an event of default under the New Notes. A change of control that results in a ratings decline or an event of default under the New Notes would result in an event of default under the JBS USA Senior Unsecured Revolving Facility, among other debt facility agreements, which may lead to an acceleration of the debt under those facilities, which in turn could lead to an acceleration under the indentures governing the New Notes, requiring us to pay all such outstanding debt immediately. We may not have funds available to repurchase the New Notes upon the occurrence of a change of control that results in a ratings decline or to repay our other debt. In addition, future debt that we incur may limit our ability to repurchase the New Notes upon a change of control that results in a ratings decline or require us to offer to redeem that debt upon a change of control. See “Description of the New Notes — Change of Control.”

The book-entry registration system of the New Notes may limit the exercise of rights by the beneficial owners of the New Notes.

Because transfers of interests in the global notes representing the New Notes may be effected only through book entries at DTC and its direct and indirect participants (including Clearstream Luxembourg and Euroclear), the liquidity of any secondary market in the New Notes may be reduced to the extent that some investors are unwilling to hold the New Notes in book-entry form in the name of a DTC direct or indirect participant. The ability to pledge interests in the global notes may be limited due to the lack of a physical certificate. In addition, beneficial owners of interests in global notes may, in certain cases, experience delay in the receipt of payments of principal and interest, since the payments will generally be forwarded by the paying agent to DTC, which will then forward payment to its direct and indirect participants, which (if they are not themselves the beneficial owners) will then forward payments to the beneficial owners of the global notes. In the event of the insolvency of DTC or any of its direct and indirect participants in whose name interests in the global notes are recorded, the ability of beneficial owners to obtain timely or ultimate payment of principal and interest on global notes may be negatively affected.

A holder of beneficial interests in the global notes will not have a direct right under the New Notes to act upon any solicitations that we may request. Instead, holders will be permitted to act only to the extent they receive appropriate proxies to do so from DTC or, if applicable, DTC’s direct or indirect participants. Similarly, if we default on our obligations under the New Notes, holders of beneficial interests in the global notes will be restricted to acting through DTC, or, if applicable, DTC’s direct or indirect participants. We cannot assure holders that the procedures of DTC or DTC’s nominees or direct or indirect participants will be adequate to allow them to exercise their rights under the New Notes in a timely manner.

We cannot assure you that the credit ratings for the New Notes will not be lowered, suspended or withdrawn by the rating agencies.

The credit ratings of the New Notes may change. Such ratings are limited in scope, and do not address all material risks relating to an investment in the New Notes, but rather reflect only the views of the rating agencies at the time the ratings are issued. An explanation of the significance of such ratings may be obtained from the rating agencies. We cannot assure you that such credit ratings will remain in effect for any given period of time or that such ratings will not be lowered, suspended or withdrawn entirely by the rating agencies, if, in the judgment of such rating agencies, circumstances so warrant. Any lowering, suspension or withdrawal of such ratings may have an adverse effect on the market price and marketability of the New Notes.

Risks Relating to Our Business and Industries

Our results of operations may be adversely affected by fluctuations in market prices for, and the availability of, livestock and animal feed ingredients.

Our operating margins depend on, among other factors, the purchase price of raw materials, primarily livestock and animal feed ingredients, and the sales price of our products. These prices may vary significantly, including during short periods of time, due to a number of factors, including beef, pork and poultry supply and demand and the market

for other protein products. Raw materials accounted for a majority of the total cost of products sold during the year ended December 31, 2023. The supply and market for livestock depend on a number of factors that we have little or no control over, including outbreaks of diseases such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy (commonly referred to as mad cow disease) (“BSE”), and foot and mouth disease (“FMD”), the cost of animal feeding, economic and weather conditions.

Livestock prices demonstrate a cyclical nature both seasonally and over longer periods, reflecting the supply of, and demand for, livestock on the market and the market for other protein products such as fish. These costs are determined by constantly changing market forces of supply and demand, as well as other factors over which we have little or no control. These other factors include:

•        import and export restrictions;

•        changing livestock and grain inventory levels;

•        economic conditions;

•        crop and animal diseases; and

•        environmental, occupational health and safety and conservation regulations.

We do not generally enter into long-term sales arrangements with our customers with fixed price contracts, and, as a result, the prices at which we sell our products are determined in large part by market conditions. A majority of our livestock is purchased from independent producers who sell livestock to us under marketing contracts or on the open market. A significant decrease in beef, pork or chicken prices for a sustained period of time could have a material adverse effect on our net revenue. Also, a portion of our forward purchase and sale contracts are measured at fair value such that the related unrealized gains and losses are reported in profit or loss earnings on a quarterly basis. Such losses would adversely affect our earnings and may cause significant volatility in our earnings.

Profitability in the processing industry is materially affected by the commodity prices of animal feed ingredients, such as grain, corn and soybeans. The production of feed ingredients is positively or negatively affected due to various factors, primarily by the global level of supply inventories and demand for feed ingredients, the agricultural policies of the United States and foreign governments and weather patterns throughout the world. Market prices for feed ingredients remain volatile. High prices for animal feed ingredients may have a material adverse effect on our operating results.

Accordingly, we may be unable to pass on all or part of any increased costs we experience from time to time to consumers of our products directly, in a timely manner or at all. Additionally, if we do not attract and maintain contracts or marketing relationships with independent producers and growers, our production operations could be disrupted, adversely affecting us.

Outbreaks of animal diseases may affect our ability to conduct our business and harm demand for our products.

Supply of and demand for our products can be adversely impacted by outbreaks of animal diseases, which can have a significant impact on our financial results. Outbreaks of diseases affecting animals, such as BSE, FMD and various strains of influenza, which may be caused by factors beyond our control, or concerns that these diseases may occur and spread in the future, could significantly affect demand for our products, consumer perceptions of certain protein products, the availability of livestock for purchase by us and our ability to conduct our operations, including as a result of cancellations of orders by our customers or governmental restrictions on the import and export of our products to or from our suppliers, facilities or customers. For example, in February 2023, Brazil suspended beef exports to China following one confirmed case of atypical mad cow disease in Brazil. This suspension lasted approximately one month. Although this suspension did not have a material adverse effect on us given that sales of beef from Brazil to China represented less than 3% of JBS S.A. total consolidated net revenue in the year ended December 31, 2023, another case or outbreak of mad cow disease in the markets where we produce beef that leads to a more geographically widespread and/or longer lasting suspension of our beef sales may have a more significant adverse effect on results of operations. Moreover, outbreaks of animal diseases could have a significant effect on the livestock we own by requiring us to, among other things, destroy any affected livestock and create negative publicity that may have a material adverse effect on customer demand for our products. In addition, if the products of our competitors become contaminated, the adverse publicity associated with such an event may lower consumer demand for our products.

Any perceived or real health risks related to the food industry could adversely affect our ability to sell our products. If our products become contaminated, we may be subject to product liability claims and product recalls.

We are subject to risks affecting the food industry generally, including risks posed by the following:

•        food spoilage or food contamination;

•        consumer product liability claims;

•        product tampering;

•        the possible unavailability and expense of product liability insurance; and

•        the potential cost and disruption of a product recall.

Our products have in the past been, and may in the future be, exposed to contamination by organisms that may produce food borne illnesses, such as E. coli, listeria monocytogenes and salmonella. These organisms and pathogens are found generally in the environment and, as a result, there is a risk that they could be present in our products. These organisms and pathogens can also be introduced to our products through tampering or as a result of improper handling at the further processing, foodservice or consumer level. Once contaminated products have been shipped for distribution, illness or death may result if the products are not properly prepared prior to consumption or if the organisms and pathogens are not eliminated in further processing.

Our systems designed to monitor food safety risks may not eliminate the risks related to food safety. We have little, if any, control over handling procedures once our products have been shipped for distribution. If any of our products are determined to be contaminated, spoiled or inappropriately labeled, whether or not we are at fault, we may voluntarily recall, or be required to recall, our products. A widespread product recall could result in significant losses due to the costs of a recall, the destruction of product inventory and lost sales due to the unavailability of product for a period of time. We may also be subject to increased risk of exposure to product liability claims and governmental proceedings, which may result in penalties, injunctive relief and plant closings. Any of these occurrences may have an adverse effect on our financial results.

We may be subject to significant liability in the jurisdictions in which our products are sold if the consumption of any of our products causes injury, illness or death. Such liability may result from proceedings filed by the government’s attorney’s office, consumer agencies and individual consumers. Even an inadvertent shipment of contaminated products may be a violation of law. We may have to pay significant damages to consumers or to the government and such liability may be in excess of applicable liability insurance policy limits.

In addition, adverse publicity concerning any perceived or real health risk associated with our products could also cause customers to lose confidence in the safety and quality of our food products, which could adversely affect our ability to sell our products. We could also be adversely affected by perceived or real health risks associated with similar products produced by others to the extent such risks cause customers to lose confidence in the safety and quality of such products generally.

Changes in consumer preferences and/or negative perception of the consumer regarding the quality and safety of our products could adversely affect our business.

The food industry is generally subject to changing consumer trends, demands and preferences. Trends within the food industry frequently change, and our failure to anticipate, identify or react to changes in these trends could lead to reduced demand and prices for our products, among other concerns, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We could also be adversely affected if consumers lose confidence in the safety and quality of our food products or ingredients, or in the food safety system generally. Negative perceptions concerning the health implications of certain food products, or ingredients or loss of confidence in the food safety system generally, could influence consumer preferences and acceptance of some of our products and marketing programs. Negative perceptions and failure to satisfy consumer preferences could materially and adversely affect our product sales, financial condition and results of operations.

We face competition in our business, which may adversely affect our market share and profitability.

The beef, pork and chicken industries are highly competitive. Competition exists both in the purchase of live cattle and hogs and grains, and in the sale of beef, pork and chicken products. In addition, our beef, pork and chicken products compete with other protein sources, such as fish. We face competition from a number of beef, pork and chicken producers in the countries in which we operate.

The principal competitive factors in the animal protein processing industries are operating efficiency and the availability, quality and cost of raw materials and labor, price, quality, food safety, product distribution, technological innovations and brand loyalty. Our ability to be an effective competitor depends on our ability to compete on the basis of these characteristics. In addition, some of our competitors may have greater financial and other resources than us. We may be unable to compete effectively with these companies, in which case our market share and, consequently, our operations and results may be adversely affected.

Our growth (organic and inorganic) may require substantial capital and long-term investments.

Our competitiveness and growth depend on our ability to fund our capital expenditures. We cannot assure you that we will be able to fund our capital expenditures at reasonable costs due to adverse macroeconomic conditions, our performance or other external factors, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may pursue additional opportunities to acquire complementary businesses, which could further increase leverage and debt service requirements and could adversely affect our financial situation, especially if we fail to successfully integrate the acquired business.

We intend to continue to pursue selective acquisitions of complementary businesses in the future. Inherent in any future acquisitions are certain risks such as increasing leverage and debt service requirements and combining company cultures and facilities, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, particularly during the period immediately following such acquisitions. Additional debt or equity capital may be required to complete future acquisitions, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to raise the required capital. Furthermore, acquisitions involve a number of risks and challenges, including:

•        diversion of management’s attention;

•        potential loss of key employees and customers of the acquired companies;

•        an increase in our expenses and working capital requirements;

•        failure of the acquired entities to achieve expected results;

•        our failure to successfully integrate any acquired entities into our business; and

•        our inability to achieve expected synergies and/or economies of scale.

These opportunities may also expose us to successor liability relating to actions involving any acquired entities, their respective management or contingent liabilities incurred prior to our involvement and will expose us to liabilities associated with ongoing operations, in particular to the extent we are unable to adequately and safely manage such acquired operations. These transactions may also be structured in such a manner that would result in our assumption of obligations or liabilities not identified during our pre-acquisition due diligence.

Any of these factors could adversely affect our ability to achieve anticipated cash flows at acquired operations or realize other anticipated benefits of acquisitions, which could adversely affect our reputation and have a material adverse effect on us.

Failure by us to achieve our sustainability performance targets may result in increased interest payments under future financings and harm to our reputation.

As described in “Description of Material Indebtedness — Material Indebtedness — Fixed-Rate Notes — Sustainability-Linked Bonds” and “— JBS S.A. Agribusiness Credit Receivable Certificates (Certificados de Recebíveis do Agronegócio) — Sustainability-Linked CRAs,” certain of our debt instruments contain certain

sustainability performance targets of JBS S.A., JBS USA or PPC that if unsatisfied will result in an increase in the interest rate payable on the respective debt instruments. Achieving these sustainability performance targets or any similar sustainability performance targets we may choose to include in future financings or other arrangements will require us to expend significant resources. In 2021, we became the first major global meat and poultry company to set climate reduction goals by 2040. As part of these environmental aspirations, we signed on to the United Nations Global Compact’s Business Ambition for 1.5°C initiative, which aligns with the most ambitious aim of the Paris Agreement to limit global warming. While we are dedicated to working towards these climate reduction goals, they are ambitious and success in achieving these goals will require collaboration and alignment, as well as resources and efforts by experts, shareholders, customers, governments, and partners throughout our supply chain. Our goals will also require advanced technologies, tools, and solutions. The mere setting of these goals may subject JBS S.A. and its affiliates and, in some instances already have subjected JBS USA, to criticism, investigations, regulatory enforcement, litigation, or other risk. In addition, a failure by us to achieve these goals could harm our reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.

We are subject to interest rate fluctuations, which may be harmful to our business.

A portion of our debt is subject to interest rate fluctuations, including fluctuations in: (1) the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) and the Euro Interbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR”) and (2) Brazilian financial market rates or inflation rates, such as the Interbank Deposit Certificate (Certificado de Depósito Interbancário) (“CDI”) and the Long-Term Interest Rate (Taxa de Juros de Longo Prazo) (the “Brazilian TJLP rate”) (Brazil’s long-term interest rate published quarterly by the Brazilian National Monetary Council). We are also exposed to exchange rate risk because we have assets and liabilities and future cash flows and earnings denominated in foreign currencies. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.” Fluctuations in exchange rates and interest rates are caused by a number of factors that are beyond our control.

If interest rates, such as SOFR, EURIBOR, the CDI and Brazilian TJLP rates, or exchange rates increase significantly, our finance expenses will increase and our ability to obtain financings may decrease, which may materially adversely affect our results of operations.

Unfavorable decisions in legal, administrative, antitrust or arbitration proceedings and government investigations may adversely affect us.

We are defendants in legal, administrative, antitrust and arbitration proceedings arising from the ordinary conduct of our business, particularly with respect to civil, tax, labor and environmental claims, which may be decided to our detriment, and are involved in various government investigations. For more information regarding our proceedings and investigations, see “Information about JBS S.A. — Legal Proceedings.” In addition, we cannot guarantee that new lawsuits (judicial or administrative of any nature) or investigations against us, our ultimate controlling shareholders and managers will not arise.

Applicable laws and regulations could subject us and our managers to civil and criminal penalties, including debarment from contracts concluded with the public administration and prohibition to celebrating new ones and loss of fiscal benefits, which could materially and adversely affect our product sales, reputation, financial condition and results of operations. Adverse rulings that have material economic or reputational impacts on us or impede the execution of our growth plan may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, unfavorable decisions in proceedings or investigations involving us and our ultimate controlling shareholders and managers may affect our image and business.

For certain lawsuits, we were not required to and have not established any provision on our statement of financial position or have established provisions only for part of the amounts in dispute, based on our judgments as to the likelihood of winning these lawsuits. We cannot guarantee that the provisioned amounts (if any) will be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of the corresponding proceedings, which could adversely impact our business and operating results.

We may not be able to ensure that our raw material suppliers are in compliance with all applicable environmental and labor laws and regulations, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The raising of cattle and other livestock is at times associated with deforestation, invasion of indigenous lands and protected areas and other environmental and human rights concerns. Most of the cattle we process are bred and raised by our suppliers. If we are unable to ensure that the suppliers of the cattle we use in our production process are in compliance with all applicable environmental and human rights laws and regulations, we may be subject to fines and other penalties that may adversely affect our image, reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations. For example, the European Union has adopted a new regulation to curb the European Union market’s impact on global deforestation and forest degradation around the world, as well as protecting the rights of indigenous peoples. The European Union Deforestation Regulation (the “EUDR”) mandates extensive due diligence on the value chain for all operators and traders dealing with certain products derived from cattle, cocoa, coffee oil palm, rubber, soya and wood. Penalties for non-compliance will be laid down under national law, but must be effective, proportionate and dissuasive. In due course, the intention is for the EUDR to be subject to criminal penalties, but under the EUDR itself, penalties may include fines and confiscation of products, among other things. The EUDR entered into force on June 29, 2023, and its main obligations will be applicable in December 2024. If we are unable to ensure that we are in compliance with the EUDR, we may be subject to fines and other penalties. For more information about the EUDR, see “Information about JBS S.A. — Regulation — Europe — European Union Deforestation Regulation.”

Furthermore, Brazilian Environmental Policy Act, outlined in Federal Law No. 6,938/1981, regulates civil liability for damages caused to the environment and sets forth strict liability on the subject matter. Therefore, we may become party to environmental liability proceedings amongst any damage originator. As the majority of cattle processed by us are bred by third parties and subcontractors, we may be significantly impacted if third parties and subcontractors cause environmental damages in the implementation of their activities on our behalf.

We are subject to various risks relating to worker safety.

Given the nature of our operations, the type of work performed by our employees, and the number of plants and employees that we have throughout the world, we are subject to various risks relating to worker safety. We cannot ensure that accidents will not occur. If our efforts to improve worker safety and reduce the frequency and number of workplace accidents are not successful, we may become subject to lawsuits, regulatory or administrative investigations and inquiries, fines and penalties, and our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.

For example, a U.S. House of Representatives Select Subcommittee held a hearing in December 2022 entitled “Preparing For And Preventing The Next Public Health Emergency: Lessons Learned From The Coronavirus Crisis.” This hearing was accompanied by a final report of the same name, which describes an investigation of the largest companies in the U.S. meatpacking industry, including our subsidiary JBS USA Food Company, in the context of the Trump Administration’s response to the risks faced by these companies’ workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. JBS USA Food Company has complied with the document requests made in 2021 as part of the investigation.

We may also suffer reputational harm due to the actions of unrelated companies that do not adhere to applicable worker safety laws in the provision of services to us. For example, the U.S. Department of Labor commenced an investigation into allegations of child labor at certain of our facilities in August 2022. While this investigation did not result in any finding that we were employing any underage workers at any of our facilities, a federal judge granted a temporary restraining order against one of our suppliers. While such supplier is not affiliated with us, the investigation found that it had used underage workers to provide cleaning and sanitation services in the fulfillment of sanitation and cleaning contracts that it was performing at JBS facilities. Such supplier has entered into a consent order and judgment pursuant to which it has agreed to comply with child labor laws at all of the facilities where it provides services.

Additionally, we have from time to time had incidents at our plants involving worker health and safety. These have included ammonia releases due to mechanical failures in chiller systems and worker injuries and fatalities involving processing equipment and vehicle accidents. We have taken preventive measures in response; however, we can make no assurance that similar incidents will not arise in the future. New environmental, health and safety requirements, stricter interpretations of existing requirements, or obligations related to the investigation or clean-up of contaminated sites, may materially affect our business or operations in the future.

While we adhere and require adherence from suppliers to all applicable worker safety laws throughout our global operations, no assurance can be given that we will not be materially adversely affected to the extent that companies that provide services to us do not demonstrate the same commitment to such laws. In addition, no assurance can be given that our reputation for worker safety will not be adversely affected by governmental investigations or other inquiries in the future.

We depend on our information technology systems, and any failure of these systems could adversely affect our business.

We depend on information technology systems for significant elements of our operations, including the storage of data and retrieval of critical business information, and within our supply chain. We also depend on our information technology infrastructure for digital marketing activities and for electronic communications among our locations, personnel, customers, and suppliers. Although our information systems are protected with robust backup systems, including physical and software safeguards and remote processing capabilities, our information technology systems and those of our supply chain are vulnerable to damage from a variety of sources, including network failures, malicious human acts, and natural disasters. Moreover, despite network security and back-up measures, some of our servers are potentially vulnerable to physical or electronic break-ins, computer viruses, and similar disruptive problems. In addition, certain software used by us is licensed from, and certain services related to our information systems are provided by, third parties who could choose to discontinue their relationship with us. Failures or disruptions to our information technology systems or those used by our third-party service providers could prevent us from conducting our general business operations, and adversely affect our ability to process orders, maintain proper levels of inventories, collect accounts receivable, pay expenses, and maintain the security of our company and customer data. Any disruption or loss of information technology systems on which critical aspects of our operations depend could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

For example, on May 30, 2021, we were the target of an organized cybersecurity attack (the “Cyberattack”), affecting some of the servers supporting our North American and Australian information technology systems. JBS USA’s backup servers were not affected. JBS USA and PPC’s operations in North America and Australia were affected. PPC’s operations in Mexico and the United Kingdom were not impacted and conducted business as normal. Upon learning of the intrusion, we contacted federal officials and activated our cybersecurity protocols, including voluntarily shutting down all affected systems to isolate the intrusion, limit the potential infection and preserve core systems. Restoring systems critical to production was prioritized. In addition, the encrypted backup servers, which were not affected by the Cyberattack, allowed for a return to full operations within two days. As of June 3, 2021, JBS USA and PPC had resumed production at all of their facilities. Our response, IT systems and encrypted backup servers allowed for a rapid recovery from the Cyberattack. As a result, the loss of food produced was limited to less than one day of production. We are not aware of any evidence that any customer, supplier or employee data had been compromised or misused as a result of the Cyberattack. Since the Cyberattack, we have been working to improve our cybersecurity posture in order to minimize our risk and attack surface. We have identified good practices we had in place before the Cyberattack, and we have identified and completed items and actions that were needed to remediate.

Further, we store highly confidential information on our information technology systems, including information related to our products. If our servers or the servers of the third party on which our data is stored are attacked by a physical or electronic break-in, computer virus or other malicious human action, our confidential information could be stolen or destroyed. Any security breach involving the misappropriation, loss or other unauthorized disclosure or use of confidential information of our suppliers, customers, or others, whether by us or a third party, could disrupt our operations, subject us to civil and criminal penalties, have a negative impact on our reputation, expose us to liability to our suppliers, customers, other third parties or government authorities and increase our cyber-security protection and remediation costs. Any of these developments could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, if our supply chain cybersecurity is compromised as a result of third-party action, employee error, malfeasance, stolen or fraudulently obtained log-in credentials or otherwise, our business may be harmed and we could incur significant liabilities. We mitigate this risk by having a diversified supply chain. There can be no assurance that we will be able to prevent all of the rapidly evolving forms of increasingly sophisticated and frequent cyber-attacks. Moreover, our efforts to address network security vulnerabilities may not be successful, resulting potentially in the theft, loss, destruction or corruption of information we store electronically, as well as unexpected interruptions, delays or cessation of service, any of which would cause harm to our business operations. The vulnerability of our systems and our failure to identify or respond timely to cyber incidents could have an adverse effect on our operations and reputation and expose us to liability or regulatory enforcement actions.

The loss of members of our senior management or our inability to attract and retain qualified senior management personnel could have an adverse effect on us.

Our ability to maintain our competitive position depends in large part on the performance of our senior management team, mainly because of our business model and our acquisition strategy. As a result of factors such as strong global economic conditions, we may lose key employees or face problems hiring qualified key employees. In order to retain key employees, we may have to make significant changes in our compensation policy to remain competitive, which would increase our costs. There is no assurance that we will succeed in attracting and retaining qualified senior management personnel. Also, decisions in any administrative proceedings involving our current managers may prevent them from remaining in their positions at our company. The loss of the services of any member of our senior management or our inability to attract and retain qualified personnel could have an adverse effect on us.

Our performance depends on favorable labor relations with our employees and our compliance with labor laws. Any deterioration of those relations or increase in labor costs could adversely affect our business.

As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately 270,000 employees worldwide. Certain of these employees are represented by labor organizations, and our relationships with these employees are governed by collective bargaining agreements. We may not reach new agreements without union action and any such new agreements may not be on terms satisfactory to us. In addition, any new agreements may be for shorter durations than our historical agreements. Moreover, additional groups of currently non-unionized employees may seek union representation in the future. If we are unable to negotiate acceptable collective bargaining agreements, we may become subject to union-initiated work stoppages, including strikes. Any significant increase in labor costs, deterioration of employee relations, slowdowns or work stoppages at any of our locations, whether due to union activities, employee turnover or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Labor shortages and increased turnover or increases in employee and employee-related costs could have adverse effects on our profitability.

We and our third-party vendors have experienced increased labor shortages at some of our production facilities and other locations. Several factors have had and may continue to have adverse effects on the labor force available to us and our third-party vendors, including government regulations, which include laws and regulations related to workers’ health and safety, wage and hour practices and work authorization. Labor shortages and increased turnover rates within the Company and our third-party vendors have led to and could in the future lead to increased costs, such as increased overtime to meet demand and increased wage rates to attract and retain employees and could negatively affect our ability to efficiently operate our production facilities or otherwise operate at full capacity and could result in downtime of our production facilities. An overall or prolonged labor shortage, lack of skilled labor, increased turnover or labor inflation for any of the foregoing reasons could have a material adverse impact on our operations, results of operations, reputation, liquidity or cash flows.

The consolidation of a significant number of our customers could adversely affect our business.

Many of our customers, such as supermarkets, warehouse clubs and food distributors, have consolidated in recent years, and consolidation is expected to continue. These consolidations have produced large, sophisticated customers with increased buying power who are more capable of operating with reduced inventories, opposing price increases, and demanding lower pricing, increased promotional programs and specifically tailored products. These customers also may use shelf space currently used for our products for their own private label products that are generally sold at lower prices. In addition, in periods of economic uncertainty, consumers tend to purchase more lower-priced private label or other economy brands. To the extent this occurs, we could experience a reduction in the sales volume of our higher margin products or a shift in our product mix to lower margin offerings. Because of these trends, we may need to lower prices or increase promotional spending for our products. The loss of a significant customer or a material reduction in sales to, or adverse change to trade terms with, a significant customer could materially and adversely affect our product sales, financial condition and results of operations.

Our ultimate controlling shareholders have influence over the conduct of our business and may have interests that are different from yours.

Our direct controlling shareholders are J&F and JBS Participações, which are in turn wholly owned by our ultimate controlling shareholders, Messrs. Joesley Mendonça Batista and Wesley Mendonça Batista. See “Principal Shareholders.”

Relatives of our ultimate controlling shareholders perform certain management and leadership roles at JBS S.A. and related companies. Mr. José Batista Sobrinho, the founder of JBS S.A. and the father of our ultimate controlling shareholders, serves as the Vice-Chairman of JBS S.A.’s board of directors and has served on the JBS S.A. board of directors since 2007. Mr. Wesley Mendonça Batista Filho, who is the son of Mr. Wesley Mendonça Batista and the grandson of Mr. José Batista Sobrinho, serves as the Chief Executive Officer of JBS USA since May 2023, and has served as an executive officer of JBS S.A. since 2017 and in other senior management positions in JBS Group companies in the past, including as Chief Executive Officer of Seara Alimentos. He also serves on the board of directors of various JBS Group companies. In addition, Mr. Henrique Mendonça Batista, who is also Wesley Mendonça Batista’s son, serves as the President of Huon, an Australian salmon processing company acquired by JBS S.A. in 2021. Messrs. Joesley Mendonça Batista and Wesley Mendonça Batista may serve as members of the board of directors of, or in other senior management positions at, JBS Group companies or affiliates. In February 2024, they were appointed to fill vacancies on the board of directors of PPC.

As further described elsewhere in this prospectus (see “Principal Shareholders — Civil and Criminal Actions and Investigations involving our Ultimate Controlling Shareholders” and “— We are subject to reputational risk in connection with U.S. and Brazilian civil and criminal actions and investigations involving our ultimate controlling shareholders, and these actions may materially adversely impact our business and prospects and damage our reputation and image”), in 2017, our ultimate controlling shareholders, among others, entered into collaboration agreements (acordos de colaboração premiada) (the “Collaboration Agreements”) with the Brazilian Attorney General’s Office (Procuradoria-Geral da República), and J&F, on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries, entered into a leniency agreement (the “Leniency Agreement”) with the Brazilian Federal Prosecution Office (Ministério Público Federal) following disclosures of certain payments made to Brazilian politicians from 2009 to 2015. Pursuant to the Leniency Agreement, J&F agreed to pay a fine of R$8.0 billion and contribute an additional R$2.3 billion to social projects in Brazil, each adjusted for inflation, over a 25-year period. The total fine was subsequently reduced to R$3.5 billion (equivalent to approximately US$723 million, converted using the foreign exchange rate as of December 31, 2023). In December 2023, the Brazilian Supreme Court (Supremo Tribunal Federal) justice overseeing the case suspended J&F’s obligation to make additional installment payments under the Leniency Agreement following a petition from J&F that cited potential misconduct by enforcement authorities in connection with entering into the Leniency Agreement. Notwithstanding the suspension of the fine, the Leniency Agreement otherwise remains in effect.

In 2020, J&F, JBS S.A., and our ultimate controlling shareholders (the “Respondents”) also entered into a settlement with the SEC relating to the circumstances and payments that were the subject of the Collaboration Agreements and Leniency Agreement. Pursuant to the SEC settlement and related order, the Respondents undertook, among other things, to improve anti-bribery and anti-corruption compliance programs, make progress reports to the SEC, and pay disgorgement and civil penalties. Also in 2020, J&F reached a plea agreement with the DOJ in which J&F pled guilty to one count of conspiracy to violate the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act in relation to the circumstances and payments that were the subject of the Collaboration Agreements and Leniency Agreement and agreed to pay a criminal penalty. The DOJ plea agreement also required J&F to implement a compliance program and improve its internal policies and to make progress and other reports to the DOJ. Since 2017, JBS S.A. and J&F have implemented numerous and material changes to their anti-corruption compliance policies intended to detect and prevent illicit payments and conduct throughout their operations, including the introduction of new policies and practices and the hiring of experienced professionals who have a track record of building effective compliance programs, all as further detailed in “Information about JBS S.A.— Compliance Program.” In addition, the terms of the above-referenced agreements with Brazilian authorities, the SEC and the DOJ provide strong disincentives to any violation of their terms. Our management and leadership teams are strongly committed to operating our business in compliance with anti-corruption principles and law. However, no assurance can be given that new and improved policies, practices and personnel will be effective to detect or prevent illicit activities in all cases.

In addition, our ultimate controlling shareholders may have an interest in causing us to pursue transactions that may enhance the value of their equity investments in us, even though such transactions may involve increased risks to us or the holders of our common shares. Furthermore, our ultimate controlling shareholders own, through J&F or other entities, equity investments in other businesses and may have an interest in causing us to pursue transactions that may enhance the value of those other equity investments, even though such transactions may not benefit us. Our ultimate controlling shareholders may also have an interest in pursuing new business opportunities through other companies which they own instead of us. Any of these transactions could result in conflicting interests between us and the other companies in which our ultimate controlling shareholders own. We cannot assure you that we will be able to address these conflicts of interests or others in an impartial manner.

There can be no assurance that the future actions or decisions of our direct controlling shareholders and our ultimate controlling shareholders will not impact our company and our prospects in ways that differ from your interests.

We are subject to reputational risk in connection with U.S. and Brazilian civil and criminal actions and investigations involving our ultimate controlling shareholders, and these actions may materially adversely impact our business and prospects and damage our reputation and image.

In 2017, following disclosures of certain payments made to Brazilian politicians from 2009 to 2015, our ultimate controlling shareholders, among others, entered into Collaboration Agreements with the Brazilian Attorney General’s Office (Procuradoria-Geral da República), and J&F, on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries, entered into a Leniency Agreement with the Brazilian Federal Prosecution Office (Ministério Público Federal). In 2020, our ultimate controlling shareholders also entered into a settlement with the SEC, and J&F reached a plea agreement with the DOJ relating to the circumstances and payments that were the subject of the Collaboration Agreements and Leniency Agreement. For more information about the facts and circumstances underlying these agreements, see “Principal Shareholders — Civil and Criminal Actions and Investigations involving our Ultimate Controlling Shareholders.” The Brazilian Collaboration Agreements and Leniency Agreement, the SEC order and the DOJ plea agreement have resolved the Brazilian and U.S. criminal legal exposure of JBS S.A, J&F and our ultimate controlling shareholders related to the conduct that was the subject of the Leniency Agreement. We are, and our ultimate controlling shareholders are and J&F have informed us that they are, in compliance with all of their applicable financial and non-financial obligations pursuant to the Brazilian Collaboration Agreements and Leniency Agreement, the SEC order and the DOJ plea agreement. A breach of any of these agreements could have an adverse effect on us.

In addition, our ultimate controlling shareholders and J&F were under investigation by the CVM in Brazil for alleged violations of Brazilian securities and corporate law, in which CVM has made final decisions. JBS S.A. and Seara (a subsidiary of JBS S.A.) were party to one of these proceedings. For more information about these investigations, see “Principal Shareholders — Civil and Criminal Actions and Investigations involving our Ultimate Controlling Shareholders — Other Investigations and Proceedings.”

As a result of the above-mentioned matters, the reputation of our direct controlling shareholders, our ultimate controlling shareholders and JBS S.A. has suffered and may continue to suffer. To the extent that the negative reputational impact of these events continues into the future, if pending investigations and proceedings are not resolved favorably to JBS S.A. and our ultimate controlling shareholders, or if future events or actions give rise to new investigations or proceedings, our ability to execute our business strategies, enter into beneficial transactions, partnerships or acquisitions, we may be materially negatively affected.

Furthermore, we cannot guarantee that negative news and publicity (whether or not factually accurate) will not be released in the future that involve our company, JBS S.A., our direct controlling shareholders or our ultimate controlling shareholders. We also cannot be certain that any actions we take in response to a reputational crisis will be effective or sufficient. Actions or allegations (whether grounded or unfounded) regarding actions taken by third parties, including our direct controlling shareholders, our ultimate controlling shareholders, or our suppliers or partners, including, but not limited to, illegal acts or corruption, actions contrary to health or worker safety, or actions contrary to socio-environmental regulations, may materially adversely impact our reputation and image with our customers, suppliers and partners and the market, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and future prospects.

Media campaigns related to food production; regulatory and customer focus on environmental, social and governance responsibility; and increased focus and attention by the U.S. government and other stakeholders on the meat processing industry and ESG-related issues could expose us to additional costs or risks.

Individuals or organizations can use media platforms to publicize inappropriate or inaccurate stories or perceptions about the food production industry or our company. Such practices could cause damage to the reputations of our company, our ultimate controlling shareholders and/or the food production industry in general. This reputational damage could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Regulators, stockholders, customers and other interested parties have focused increasingly on the environmental, social and governance (“ESG”), practices of companies. This has led to an increase in regulations and may continue to cause us to be subject to additional regulations in the future. Our customers or other interested parties may also require us to implement certain procedures or standards that they perceive to be ESG-friendly before doing or continuing to do business with us. Also, the U.S. government has increased its focus on market dynamics within the meat industry. The U.S. government has inquired with the meat processing industry on matters such as market pricing to end consumers and the relationship between meat processors and the farming community. Increased attention on ESG-related practices could cause us to incur additional compliance costs, divert management attention from operating our business, impair our access to capital among certain investors and subject us to litigation risk for disclosures we make and practices we adopt regarding these issues. This in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Investor advocacy groups, investment funds and other influential investors are increasingly focused on our business practices and policies, especially as they relate to the environment, climate change, health and safety, supply chain management, diversity, labor conditions and human rights, both in our own operations and in our supply chain. Increased compliance costs related to these matters could result in material increases to our overall operational costs. In any event, our business practices may not meet the standards of all of our stakeholders and, accordingly, advocacy groups may campaign for further changes. Even if we do not agree with the positions of such advocacy groups or other influential parties, the perception of our failure to adapt to or comply with their demands, or to respond to investor or stakeholder expectations and, could negatively impact us.

Our business and reputation could be materially adversely impacted by an increased regulatory burden and the impact of actions by governmental entities, advocacy groups and other stakeholder actions to the extent that such actions call into question our business practices and policies. See also “— Risks Relating to the Markets in Which We Operate — Compliance with existing or changing environmental requirements relating to current and/or discontinued operations may result in significant costs, and failure to comply may result in civil liabilities for damages as well as criminal and administrative sanctions.”

Risks Relating to the Markets in Which We Operate

Deterioration of global economic conditions could adversely affect our business.

Our business may be adversely affected by changes in global economic conditions, including changes in GDP, inflation, interest rates, availability of capital, consumer spending rates, energy availability and costs (including fuel surcharges) and the effects of governmental initiatives to manage economic conditions. Any such changes could adversely affect the demand for products both in domestic and international markets, or the cost and availability of our needed raw materials, including cooking ingredients and packaging materials, thereby adversely affecting our financial results.

Disruptions in credit and other financial markets and deterioration of global economic conditions could:

•        adversely affect global demand for protein products, which could result in a reduction of sales, operating profit and cash flows;

•        make it more difficult or costly for us to obtain financing for our operations or investments or to refinance our debt in the future;

•        cause our lenders to depart from prior credit industry practice and make more difficult or expensive the granting of any technical or other waivers under our debt agreements to the extent we may seek them in the future;

•        impair the financial condition of some of our customers and suppliers; and

•        decrease the value of our investments.

In addition, inflation, which has significantly risen, has and may continue to increase our operational costs, including labor costs and grain and feed ingredient costs, and continued increases in interest rates in response to concerns about inflation may have the effect of further increasing economic uncertainty and heightening these risks. As a result, instability and weakness of the U.S. and global economies, including due to the effects caused by disruptions to financial markets, inflation, recession, high unemployment, geopolitical events and other effects caused by the ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine and the Israel-Hamas conflict, and the negative effects on consumers’ spending, may materially negatively affect our business and results of operations. A prolonged period of reduced consumer spending could have an adverse effect on our business and our results of operations.

Our exports pose special risks to our business and operations.

Exports account for a significant portion of our net revenue, representing 25.3% of our net revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023. Exports subject us to risk factors that are outside our control in our principal sales markets, including:

•        changes in foreign currency exchange rates;

•        deterioration of economic conditions;

•        imposition of tariffs and other trade and/or health barriers;

•        exchange controls and restrictions to exchange operations;

•        strikes or other events that may affect ports and transportation;

•        compliance with different foreign legal and regulatory regimes; and

•        trade barriers.

For example, between May 21 and May 31, 2018, Brazil suffered an extensive nationwide trucking strike. With trucks stopped and blocking highways, supplies of fuel, food and medical supplies ceased being delivered to distribution points. The stoppage began to subside on May 27, 2018, after representatives of the trucking industry and the Brazilian government reached an agreement.

Our future financial performance will depend significantly on economic, political and social conditions in our principal operating and sales markets. Negative consequences relating to these risks and uncertainties could jeopardize or limit our ability to transact business in one or more of those markets where we operate or in other developing markets and could materially adversely affect us.

We are subject to ordinary course audits by regulatory authorities in the jurisdictions where we operate and changes in tax laws and unanticipated tax liabilities, in either case, could adversely affect the taxes we pay and therefore our financial condition and results of operations.

As a global company, we are subject to ordinary course audits by regulatory authorities in the jurisdictions where we operate, including audits currently being conducted by applicable tax authorities in Brazil, Australia and the United Kingdom. The resolution of these audits remains uncertain, and we have not established any reserves for any potential liability relating to these or any other audits. It is possible that we could, in the future, incur unanticipated tax liabilities arising from these or any other audits, which could adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, we are subject to taxation in numerous countries, states and other jurisdictions. Tax laws, tax treaties, regulations, and administrative practices or their interpretation in various jurisdictions, including the Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting that has been agreed to by many of the countries in which we operate, may be subject to significant change, with or without notice, due to economic, political and other conditions, and significant judgment is required in applying the relevant provisions of tax law.

Furthermore, in Brazil, the income tax exemption on dividend distribution and interest applicable under current legislation may be reviewed and, in the case of interest on shareholders’ equity (juros sobre capital próprio) be prohibited, have its taxation increased in the future, including the modifications in its calculation basis such as recent changes introduced by Law No. 14,789/2023 (that, among other modifications, prevented the inclusion of the Tax Incentive Reserve in such calculation basis as of January 1, 2024), which may impact the net amount to be received by our shareholders.

If such changes were to be adopted or if the tax authorities in the jurisdictions where we operate were to challenge our application of relevant provisions of applicable tax laws, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We are exposed to emerging and developing country risks.

Our operations in emerging and developing countries are subject to the customary risks of operating in these countries, which include potential political and economic uncertainty, government debt crises, application of exchange controls, reliance on foreign investment, nationalization or expropriation, crime and lack of law enforcement, political insurrection, terrorism, religious unrest, external interference, currency fluctuations and changes in government policy.

In Brazil, for example, the federal government frequently intervenes in the economy and its actions to control inflation and other regulations and policies have often involved, among other measures, increases in interest rates, changes in tax policies, price controls, currency devaluations, capital controls and limits on imports, among others. Due to our exposure in Brazil, these factors could affect us more than our competitors with less exposure to such emerging and developing countries, and any general decline in emerging and developing countries as a whole could impact us disproportionately compared to our competitors.

Such factors could affect our results by causing interruptions to operations, by increasing the costs of operating in those countries or by limiting the ability to repatriate profits from those countries. These circumstances could adversely impact our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our business may be negatively impacted by economic or other consequences from Russia’s war against Ukraine and the sanctions imposed as a response to that action.

We face risks related to the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war that began in February 2022. The impact of the ongoing war and sanctions will not be limited to businesses that operate in Russia and Ukraine and may negatively impact other global economic markets including where we operate. The impacts have included and may continue to include, but are not limited to, higher prices for commodities, such as food products, ingredients and energy products, increasing inflation in some countries, and disrupted trade and supply chains. The conflict has disrupted shipments of grains, vegetable oils, fertilizer and energy products.

The impact on the agriculture markets falls into two main categories: (1) the effect on Ukrainian crop production, as the region is key in global grain production; and (2) the duration of the disruption in trade flows. Safety and financing concerns in the region are restricting export execution, which is in turn forcing grain and oil demand to find alternative supply. The duration of the war and related volatility makes global markets extremely sensitive to growing-season weather in other global grain producing regions and has led to a large risk premium in futures prices. Moreover, Russia’s suspension of the Black Sea Grain Initiative in June 2023 may further pressure on trade flows in the region. The continued volatility in the global markets, in part, as a result of the war has adversely impacted our costs by driving up prices, raising inflation and increasing pressure on the supply of feed ingredients and energy products throughout the global markets.

In addition, the U.S. government and other governments in jurisdictions in which we operate have imposed sanctions and export controls against Russia, Belarus and interests therein and threatened additional sanctions and controls. Our business may be impacted by the increase in energy prices and the availability of energy during the winter months. The impact of these measures, now and in the future, could adversely affect our business, supply chain or customers.

Finally, there may be increased risk of cyberattack as a result of the ongoing conflict. We have not seen any new or heightened risk of potential cyberattacks since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war. See “— Risks Relating to Our Business and Industries — We depend on our information technology systems, and any failure of these systems could adversely affect our business” for additional information.

Market fluctuations could negatively impact our operating results, and our business may be adversely impacted by risks related to hedging activities.

Our business is exposed to potential changes in the value of our derivative instruments primarily caused by fluctuations in currency exchange rates and commodities prices. These fluctuations may result from changes in economic conditions, investor sentiment, monetary and fiscal policies, the liquidity of global markets, international and regional political events, and acts of war or terrorism and may adversely impact our results of operation. Also the use of hedge instruments may ultimately limit our ability to benefit from favorable commodity prices.

Our businesses are subject to government policies and extensive regulations affecting the beef, pork and poultry industries.

Livestock production and trade flows are significantly affected by government policies and regulations. Government policies affecting the livestock industry, such as taxes, tariffs, duties, subsidies and import and export restrictions on livestock products, can influence industry profitability, the use of land resources, the location and size of livestock production, whether unprocessed or processed commodity products are traded, and the volume and types of imports and exports. Our plants and products are subject to periodic inspections by federal, state and municipal authorities, such as the USDA, the Brazilian Federal Inspection Service (Serviço de Inspeção Federal — SIF) and the Australian Quarantine Inspection Service, and to comprehensive food regulation, including controls over processed food. Our operations are subject to extensive regulation and oversight by state, local and foreign authorities regarding the processing, packaging, storage, distribution, advertising and labeling of its products, including food safety standards. Our failure to comply with such regulations may result in a need to recall products or in fines or other sanctions imposed by such authorities. Our exported products are often inspected by foreign food safety authorities, and any violation discovered during these inspections may result in a partial or total return of a shipment, partial or total destruction of the shipment and costs due to delays in product deliveries to our customers. For more information about the regulations to which our operations are subject, see “Information about JBS S.A. — Regulation.”

Government policies in the jurisdictions in which we operate may adversely affect the supply of, demand for and prices of livestock products, restrict our ability to do business in existing and target domestic and export markets and could adversely affect our results of operations. Import tariffs and/or other mandates imposed by the current presidential administration in the United States could potentially lead to a trade war with other foreign governments, and could significantly increase the prices on our products exported from the United States, such as pork and chicken. The U.S., EU or other countries could impose trade restrictions that would restrict or prevent us from exporting beef from Brazil. Such changes in regulations, or restrictions or bans on beef exports, could be imposed in connection with a desire by regulators to curb deforestation in the Amazon region. See “Information about JBS S.A. — Regulation — Cattle and Grain Supply Chains and Deforestation.”

Compliance with existing or changing environmental requirements relating to current and/or discontinued operations may result in significant costs, and failure to comply may result in civil liabilities for damages as well as criminal and administrative sanctions.

Our operations are subject to extensive and increasingly stringent federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations pertaining to the protection of the environment, including those relating to the discharge of materials into the environment, the handling, treatment and disposal of waste and remediation of soil and groundwater contamination. For more information, see “Information about JBS S.A. — Regulation.” Failure to comply with these requirements could have serious consequences for us, including criminal, civil and administrative penalties, claims for property damage, personal injury and damage to natural resources and negative publicity. Our activities may also be affected by future international agreements entered into force to protect the environment.

In general, environmental laws and regulations have become increasingly stringent over time. As a result of possible new environmental requirements, increasingly strict interpretation or enforcement thereof or other unforeseen events, we may have to incur additional expenses and divert management attention from operating our business in

order to comply with such environmental rules and regulations, which may adversely affect our available resources for capital expenditures and other purposes, increase our costs and expenses, and, as a result, reduce our profit. For example, in March 2024 the SEC published its final rules to enhance and standardize climate-related disclosures, including certain climate-related metrics and greenhouse gas emissions data, information about climate-related targets and goals, climate-related risks and attestation requirements. We are currently assessing the impact of the new rules, including compliance phase-in dates, but at this time, we cannot predict the costs of implementation or any potential adverse impacts resulting from the new rules. However, we may incur increased costs relating to the assessment and disclosure of climate-related risks and increased litigation risks related to disclosures made pursuant to the new rules, either of which could materially and adversely affect our future results of operations and financial condition.

Health and environmental impact of animal-based meat consumption could negatively impact consumer demand for our animal-based products.

Consumer interest in plant-based proteins, particularly among millennial and younger generations, has been driven in part by a growing perception of the adverse health and environmental impacts of animal-based meat consumption. Consumers have access to unprecedented levels of information disseminated via the internet and social media channels, and global awareness of these issues may grow and could potentially have a negative impact on consumer demand for our animal-based meat products.

Natural disasters, climate change, climate change regulations, adverse weather conditions and greenhouse effects may adversely impact our operations and markets.

There is a growing political and scientific consensus that emissions of greenhouse gases (“GHG”), continue to alter the composition of the global atmosphere in ways that are affecting the global climate. Climate change, including the impact of global warming, creates physical and financial risk. Physical risks from climate change include an increase in sea level and changes in weather conditions, such as an increase in changes in precipitation and extreme weather events. Climate change could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity. Natural disasters, fire, bioterrorism, pandemics, drought, changes in rainfall patterns or extreme weather, including floods, excessive cold or heat, hurricanes or other storms, could impair the health or growth of livestock or interfere with our operations due to power outages, fuel shortages, damage to our production and processing plants, disruption of transportation channels or increases in the price of livestock and animal feed ingredients, among other things. Furthermore, if heat waves and droughts occur with greater frequency and intensity in locations where we maintain livestock, we may have to incur additional expenses to maintain livestock in suitable conditions or move it to other locations. Any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our financial results, either individually or in the aggregate.

We are subject to legislation and regulation regarding climate change, and compliance with related rules could be difficult and costly. Concerned parties in the countries in which we operate, such as government agencies, legislators and regulators, shareholders and non-governmental organizations, as well as companies in many business sectors, are considering ways to reduce GHG emissions. We could incur increased energy, environmental and other costs and capital expenditures to comply with existing or new GHG limitations. We could also face increased costs related to defending and resolving legal claims and other litigation related to climate change and the alleged impact of our operations on climate change, which may also impact our image. In addition, certain of our debt instruments contain certain sustainability performance targets of JBS S.A., JBS USA or PPC relating to GHG emissions. A failure by us to achieve these sustainability performance targets would not only result in increased interest payments under relevant financing arrangements, but could also harm our reputation, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity. For additional information, see “Description of Material Indebtedness — Material Indebtedness — Fixed-Rate Notes — Sustainability-Linked Bonds.”

Furthermore, growing attention on the environmental and climate change impact of beef production, in particular, could lead (1) to legislative or regulatory actions aimed at reducing the greenhouse gas emissions of cows that could materially increase the production cost of beef or (2) to changes in customer preferences and overall demand for beef that would materially affect consumption of our products.

Efforts to comply with immigration laws and/or the introduction of new immigration legislation could make it more difficult or costly for us to hire employees, as well as have a material adverse effect on our operations and subject us to civil or possible criminal penalties.

Immigration reform continues to attract significant attention among the public and governments in the markets in which we operate, including the United States. If new immigration legislation is enacted or further changes in immigration or work authorization laws could increase our compliance and oversight obligations, which could subject us to additional costs and potential liability and make our hiring process more burdensome, and could potentially reduce the availability of prospective employees. Additional labor costs and other costs of doing business could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. In addition, despite our efforts to hire only persons legally authorized to work in the jurisdictions in which we operate, we are unable to ensure that all of our employees are persons legally authorized to work. No assurances can be given that enforcement efforts by governmental authorities will not disrupt a portion of our workforce or operations at one or more facilities, thereby negatively impacting our business. Moreover, efforts by governmental authorities in enforcing the law may occur, including civil or possible criminal penalties, and we may face shortages of personnel or interruptions in our operations in one or more plants, resulting in an adverse impact on our business.

We are subject to anti-corruption laws in the jurisdictions in which we operate, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the U.K. Bribery Act and the Brazil Clean Company Act.

We are subject to a number of anti-corruption laws, including, without limitation, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”), the U.K. Bribery Act and the Brazil Clean Company Act.

The FCPA and similar anti-bribery laws generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments or improperly providing anything of value to foreign officials, directly or indirectly, for the purpose of obtaining or keeping business and/or other benefits. Some of these laws have legal effect outside the jurisdictions in which they are adopted under certain circumstances. The FCPA also requires maintenance of adequate record-keeping and internal accounting practices to accurately reflect transactions. Under the FCPA, companies operating in the United States may be held liable for actions taken by their strategic or local partners or representatives.

The U.K. Bribery Act is broader in scope than the FCPA in that it directly prohibits commercial bribery (i.e. bribing others than government officials) in addition to bribery of government officials and it does not recognize certain exceptions, notably for facilitation payments, that are permitted by the FCPA. The U.K. Bribery Act also has wide jurisdiction. It covers any offense committed in the United Kingdom, but proceedings can also be brought if a person who has a close connection with the United Kingdom commits the relevant acts or omissions outside the United Kingdom. The U.K. Bribery Act defines a person with a close connection to include British citizens, individuals ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom and bodies incorporated in the United Kingdom. The U.K. Bribery Act also provides that any organization that conducts part of its business in the United Kingdom, even if it is not incorporated in the United Kingdom, can be prosecuted for the corporate offense of failing to prevent bribery by an associated person, even if the bribery took place entirely outside the United Kingdom and the associated person had no connection with the United Kingdom. Other jurisdictions in which we operate have adopted similar anti-corruption, anti-bribery and anti-kickback laws to which we are subject. Civil and criminal penalties may be imposed for violations of these laws.

The Brazil Clean Company Act provides that bribery, among other acts against the public and foreign administration, is illegal and subjects companies involved in these wrongdoings to severe penalties. Companies are subjected to strict liability, with the result that the existence or absence of intent or negligence is irrelevant. In case a company is found to be in violation of the Brazil Clean Company Act’s provisions, it may suffer the imposition of administrative sanctions in the form of a fine that can range from 0.1% to 20% of its gross revenue in the year before the initiation of the administrative proceeding leading to the imposition of sanctions. Companies may also be subject to judicial sanctions, such as: loss of assets, rights or profits directly or indirectly obtained from the wrongdoing; partial suspension or interdiction of its activities; compulsory dissolution of the legal entity; and prohibition from receiving incentives, subsidies, grants, donations or loans from public financial institutions. Furthermore, companies may be subject to reputational penalties, such as having their name included in the National Register of Punished Enterprises. According to the Brazil Clean Company Act, related, controlling and controlled companies as well as companies that are part of a consortium are jointly liable for the penalties, but limited to damages and fines.

USE OF PROCEEDS

We will not receive any cash proceeds from the issuance of the New Notes. In consideration for issuing the series of New Notes as contemplated by this prospectus, we will receive, in exchange, an equal principal amount of the corresponding series of Old Notes. Old Notes surrendered in exchange for New Notes will be retired and cannot be reissued.

CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth JBS S.A.’s consolidated loans and financings, equity and total capitalization as of December 31, 2023 on an actual historical basis derived from JBS S.A.’s audited financial statements.

You should read this table in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Description of Material Indebtedness” and JBS S.A.’s audited financial statements, which are included elsewhere in this prospectus.

____________

(1)      Total capitalization is the sum of total current and non-current loans and financings and total consolidated equity. There is no standard definition of total capitalization, and JBS S.A.’s definition of total capitalization may not be comparable to those used by other companies.

THE EXCHANGE OFFERS

Purpose of the Exchange Offers

Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, we agreed, for the benefit of the holders of Old September Notes, at our cost, to use our commercially reasonable efforts to prepare and file with the SEC a registration statement with respect to registered offers to exchange the Old September Notes of each series for New September Notes of the same series, which will have terms identical in all material respects to such Old September Notes, except that the New September Notes will be registered under the Securities Act and will not be subject to transfer restrictions or registration rights, and the New September Notes will bear different CUSIP numbers from the Old September Notes of the corresponding series. See “Registration Rights.”

On August 21, 2023, our prior exchange offers in which we offered to exchange Old Notes (other than the Old September Notes) for New Notes (other than the New September Notes) expired. We have undertaken the Exchange Offers for the Old Notes (other than the Old September Notes) to provide holders of such Old Notes another opportunity to exchange their series of Old Notes for the corresponding series of New Notes. Holders of the Old Notes that exchanged their Old Notes in our prior exchange offers do not need to re-tender their Old Notes or take any other action in connection with these Exchange Offers. The Old Notes (other than the Old September Notes) that are validly tendered, not withdrawn and accepted for exchange in the Exchange Offers and the corresponding series of New Notes delivered promptly after such acceptance will be fully fungible with the corresponding series of registered new notes that were issued in our prior exchange offers.

Upon settlement of the New Notes, the New Notes (other than the New September Notes) will trade under the same CUSIP numbers with the corresponding series of registered new notes that were issued in our prior exchange offers.

We are not required to pay additional interest to the holders of the Old Notes (other than the Old September Notes) if we fail to satisfy our obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement governing the Old September Notes. See “Registration Rights.”

General

Under existing interpretations of the Staff of the SEC, the Old Notes would generally be freely tradable after the completion of the Exchange Offers without further compliance with the registration and prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. However, each holder of Old Notes who is an affiliate of ours or who intends to participate in the Exchange Offers for the purposes of distributing the New Notes:

•        will not be able to rely on the interpretations of the Staff;

•        will not be entitled to participate in the Exchange Offers; and

•        must comply with the registration and prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any sale or transfer of the New Notes, unless that sale or transfer is made pursuant to an exemption from those requirements.

Each holder of Old Notes that participates in the Exchange Offers will be required to represent to us at the time it transmits an agent’s message through ATOP and the consummation of the Exchange Offers that:

•        it is not an affiliate of ours;

•        it is not a broker-dealer tendering Old Notes acquired directly from us for its own account;

•        the New Notes to be received by it will be acquired in the ordinary course of its business; and

•        it is not engaged and does not intend to engage in, and has no arrangement or understanding with any person, to participate in the distribution, within the meaning of the Securities Act, of the New Notes.

Our consummation of the Exchange Offers with respect to the Old September Notes is subject to certain conditions described in the Registration Rights Agreement, including, without limitation, our receipt of the representations from participating holders as described above and in the Registration Rights Agreement.

In connection with any resales of the New Notes, any broker-dealer that acquired New Notes for its own account as a result of market-making or other trading activities (“exchanging broker-dealers”) must deliver a prospectus meeting the requirements of the Securities Act. The SEC has taken the position that exchanging broker-dealers may fulfill their prospectus delivery requirements with respect to the New Notes with the prospectus contained in the exchange offer registration statement. Under the Registration Rights Agreement, we will be required for a limited period to allow exchanging broker-dealers and other persons, if any, subject to similar prospectus delivery requirements to use the prospectus contained in the exchange offer registration statement in connection with the resale of New September Notes.

Terms of the Exchange Offers

We are offering holders of the Old Notes the opportunity to exchange any and all of their series of Old Notes for the corresponding series of New Notes. This prospectus contains the terms and conditions of the Exchange Offers. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions included in this prospectus, we will accept for exchange the series of Old Notes which are properly tendered on or prior to the Expiration Date, unless you have previously withdrawn them.

When you tender your Old Notes as provided below, our acceptance of the Old Notes will constitute a binding agreement between you and us upon the terms and subject to the conditions in this prospectus. In tendering Old Notes, you should also note the following important information:

•        The Old Notes may be tendered only in principal amounts equal to minimum denominations of US$2,000 and integral multiples of US$1,000 in excess thereof. No alternative, conditional or contingent tenders will be accepted. Holders who do not tender all of their Old Notes should ensure that they retain a principal amount of Old Notes amounting to at least the minimum denomination equal to US$2,000. The New Notes will only be issued in minimum denominations of US$2,000 and integral multiples of US$1,000 in excess thereof. No tender of Old Notes will be accepted if it results in the issuance of less than US$2,000 principal amount of New Notes.

•        Each Exchange Offer will remain open for 20 business days after the date notice is sent to the holders of the Old Notes, or longer if required by applicable law. We are sending this prospectus on            , 2024, to all of the registered holders of Old Notes.

•        Each Exchange Offer expires at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on            , 2024; provided, however, that we, in our sole discretion, may extend the period of time for which an Exchange Offer is open.

•        None of the Exchange Offers is conditioned upon any minimum principal amount of the Old Notes being tendered.

•        Our obligation to accept the Old Notes for exchange in the Exchange Offers is subject to the conditions described under “— Conditions to the Exchange Offers.”

•        We expressly reserve the right, at any time, to extend the period of time during which an Exchange Offer is open, and thereby delay acceptance of any Old Notes, by giving oral (promptly followed in writing) or written notice of an extension to the Exchange Agent and notice of that extension to the holders of the Old Notes as described below. During any extension, all Old Notes of a series previously tendered will remain subject to the applicable Exchange Offer unless withdrawal rights are exercised as described under “— Withdrawal.” Any Old Notes of a series not accepted for exchange for any reason will be returned without expense to the tendering holder of such series of Old Notes promptly after the expiration or termination of the applicable Exchange Offer.

•        We expressly reserve the right to amend or terminate any Exchange Offer, and to not accept for exchange any series of Old Notes that we have not yet accepted for exchange, at any time prior to the Expiration Date. If we make a material change to the terms of an Exchange Offer, including the waiver of a material condition, we will, to the extent required by law, disseminate additional offer materials and extend the period of time during which such Exchange Offer is open so that at least five business days remain in such Exchange Offer following notice of a material change.

•        Old Notes which are not tendered for exchange, or are tendered but not accepted, in connection with the Exchange Offers will remain outstanding and be entitled to the benefits of the applicable Indentures, but, in the case of the Old September Notes, will not be entitled to any further registration rights under the Registration Rights Agreement.

•        We intend to conduct the Exchange Offers in accordance with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder.

•        By exchanging your Old Notes for New Notes, you will be making to us the representations described under “— Resale of the New Notes.”

Expiration Date; Extensions; Termination; Amendments

The Exchange Offers expire on the Expiration Date, which is 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on            , 2024, subject to our right to extend that time and date in our sole discretion (which right is subject to applicable law), in which case the Expiration Date means the latest time and date to which the Expiration Date is extended. To extend the Expiration Date for an Exchange Offer, we will notify the Exchange Agent and will make a public announcement thereof before 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on the next business day after the previously scheduled Expiration Date. During any extension of the Expiration Date for an Exchange Offer, all Old Notes previously tendered in such extended Exchange Offer will remain subject to such Exchange Offer and may be accepted for exchange by us.

Subject to applicable law, we expressly reserve the right, in our sole discretion and with respect to any or all of the Exchange Offers, to:

•        delay accepting any series of the Old Notes, to extend any or all Exchange Offers or to terminate any or all Exchange Offers and not accept any Old Notes;

•        extend the Expiration Date for any or all Exchange Offers;

•        terminate any or all Exchange Offers and return all tendered Old Notes to the respective tendering holders; and

•        amend, modify or waive, in whole or in part, at any time, or from time to time, the terms any or all Exchange Offers in any respect, including waiver of any conditions to consummation of any or all Exchange Offers.

If any termination or material amendment occurs, we will notify the Exchange Agent in writing and will either issue a press release or give written notice to the holders of the Old Notes as promptly as practicable. Additionally, in the event of a material amendment or change in any or all Exchange Offers, which would include any waiver of a material condition hereof, we will extend the applicable Exchange Offer, if necessary, so that at least five business days remain in such Exchange Offer following notice of the material amendment or change, as applicable. Unless we terminate any or all Exchange Offers prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Expiration Date, we will exchange the series of New Notes for the tendered Old Notes of the corresponding series promptly after the Expiration Date and will issue to the Exchange Agent the series of New Notes for Old Notes of the corresponding series validly tendered, not withdrawn and accepted for exchange. Old Notes not accepted for exchange for any reason will be returned without expense to the tendering holder promptly after expiration or termination of the Exchange Offers. See “— Acceptance of Old Notes for Exchange and Delivery of New Notes.”

Settlement Date

The Settlement Date for the Exchange Offers will be promptly after the Expiration Date. We will not be obligated to deliver New Notes unless the applicable Exchange Offer is consummated.

Procedures for Tendering

If you wish to participate in the Exchange Offers and your Old Notes are held by a custodial entity such as a commercial bank, broker, dealer, trust company or other nominee, you must instruct that custodial entity to tender your Old Notes on your behalf pursuant to the procedures of that custodial entity. Please ensure you contact your custodial entity as soon as possible to give them sufficient time to meet your requested deadline. Beneficial owners

are urged to appropriately instruct their commercial bank, broker, dealer, trust company or other nominee at least five business days prior to the Expiration Date in order to allow adequate processing time for their instruction. It is your responsibility to properly tender your Old Notes.

To participate in the Exchange Offers, you must comply with the ATOP procedures for book-entry transfer described below prior to the Expiration Date.

The Exchange Agent and DTC have confirmed that the Exchange Offers are eligible for ATOP with respect to book-entry notes held through DTC.

The method of delivery of Old Notes and all other required documents to the Exchange Agent, including delivery through DTC and any acceptance or agent’s message delivered through ATOP, is at the election and risk of the holder of the Old Notes.

No Letter of Transmittal

No letter of transmittal needs to be executed in relation to the Exchange Offers. The valid electronic tendering of Old Notes in exchange for New Notes in accordance with DTC’s ATOP procedures shall constitute a valid tender of Old Notes.

Book-Entry Delivery Procedures for Tendering Old Notes Held with DTC

If you wish to tender Old Notes held on your behalf by a nominee with DTC, you must:

•        inform your nominee of your interest in tendering your Old Notes pursuant to the applicable Exchange Offer; and

•        instruct your nominee to tender all Old Notes you wish to be tendered in the applicable Exchange Offer into the Exchange Agent’s account at DTC prior to the Expiration Date.

Any financial institution that is a nominee of DTC, including Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V. (“Euroclear”) and Clearstream Banking, société anonyme (“Clearstream”), must tender Old Notes by effecting a book-entry transfer of Old Notes to be tendered in the applicable Exchange Offer into the account of the Exchange Agent at DTC by electronically transmitting its acceptance of the applicable Exchange Offer through the ATOP procedures for transfer. DTC will then verify the acceptance, execute a book-entry delivery to the Exchange Agent’s account at DTC and send an agent’s message to the Exchange Agent. An “agent’s message” is a message, transmitted by DTC to, and received by, the Exchange Agent and forming part of a book-entry confirmation, that states that DTC has received an express acknowledgement from an organization that participates in DTC (a “participant”) tendering Old Notes, that the participant has received and agrees to be bound by the terms of this prospectus as set forth herein and that we may enforce such agreement against the participant.

Conditions to the Exchange Offers

Notwithstanding any other provisions of the Exchange Offers, we will not be required to accept for exchange, or to issue the New Notes in exchange for, any of the Old Notes and may terminate or amend any or all Exchange Offers, if we determine in our reasonable judgment at any time before the Expiration Date that any or all Exchange Offers would violate applicable law or any applicable interpretation of the staff of the SEC.

In addition, we will not be obligated to accept for exchange the Old Notes of any holder that has not made to us the representations described under “— Resale of the New Notes,” in “Plan of Distribution” and such other representations as may be reasonably necessary under applicable SEC rules, regulations or interpretations to allow us to use an appropriate form to register the New Notes under the Securities Act.

The foregoing conditions are for our sole benefit and may be waived by us regardless of the circumstances giving rise to that condition. Our failure at any time to exercise the foregoing rights shall not be considered a waiver by us of that right. The rights described in the prior paragraphs are ongoing rights which we may assert at any time and from time to time.

All questions as to the validity, form, eligibility, including time of receipt, and acceptance and withdrawal of tendered Old Notes will be determined by us in our sole discretion, which determination will be final and binding. We reserve the absolute right to reject any and all tendered Old Notes determined by us not to be in proper form or not to be tendered validly or any tendered Old Notes acceptance of which by us would, in the opinion of our counsel, be unlawful. We also reserve the right to waive, in our sole discretion, any defects, irregularities or conditions of tender as to particular Old Notes, whether or not waived in the case of other Old Notes. Our interpretation of the terms and conditions of the Exchange Offers will be final and binding on all parties. Unless waived, any defects or irregularities in connection with tenders of Old Notes must be cured within the time we determine. Although we intend to notify holders of Old Notes of defects or irregularities with respect to tenders of Old Notes, none of us, the Exchange Agent, or any other person will be under any duty to give that notification or shall incur any liability for failure to give that notification. Tenders of Old Notes will not be deemed to have been made until any defects or irregularities therein have been cured or waived.

Withdrawal

You can withdraw your tender of Old Notes at any time on or prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Expiration Date.

Tenders of any series of Old Notes in the Exchange Offers may be validly withdrawn at any time prior to the applicable Withdrawal Deadline, but will thereafter be irrevocable, even if we otherwise extend the Exchange Offers beyond the Expiration Date, except in certain limited circumstances where additional withdrawal rights are required by law. Tenders submitted in the Exchange Offers after the Withdrawal Deadline will be irrevocable, except in the limited circumstances where additional withdrawal rights are required by law.

For a withdrawal of a tender to be effective, a notice of withdrawal must be received by the Exchange Agent prior to the Withdrawal Deadline in accordance with the customary procedures of DTC’s ATOP. The withdrawal notice must:

•        specify the name of the tendering holder of Old Notes;

•        bear a description of the series of Old Notes to be withdrawn;

•        specify the aggregate principal amount represented by such series of Old Notes; and

•        specify the name and number of the account at DTC to be credited with the withdrawn Old Notes.

Withdrawal of tenders of Old Notes may not be rescinded, and any Old Notes validly withdrawn will thereafter be deemed not to have been validly tendered for purposes of the applicable Exchange Offer. Validly withdrawn Old Notes may, however, be retendered by again following the procedures described in “— Procedures for Tendering” above prior to the Expiration Date.

Resale of the New Notes

Under existing interpretations of the Staff of the SEC contained in several no-action letters to third parties, the New Notes would in general be freely transferable by holders thereof (other than affiliates of us) after the Exchange Offers without further registration under the Securities Act (subject to certain representations required to be made by each holder of Old Notes participating in the Exchange Offers, as set forth below). The relevant no-action letters include the Exxon Capital Holdings Corporation letter, which was made available by the SEC on May 13, 1988, the Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated letter, which was made available by the SEC on June 5, 1991, the K-111 Communications Corporation letter, which was made available by the SEC on May 14, 1993, and the Shearman & Sterling letter, which was made available by the SEC on July 2, 1993. Neither we nor any of our affiliates, have entered into any arrangement or understanding with any person to distribute the securities to be received in the Exchange Offers and, to the best of our information and belief, each person participating in the Exchange Offers is (i) neither an “affiliate” of JBS S.A. within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act, nor a broker-dealer acquiring the securities in exchange for securities acquired directly from JBS S.A. for its own account, (ii) acquiring the securities in its ordinary course of business, and (iii) is not engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, the distribution of the securities to be received in the Exchange Offers and has no arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in the distribution of the securities to be received in the Exchange Offers.

However, any holder of Old Notes who is an “affiliate” of ours or who intends to participate in the Exchange Offers for the purpose of distributing the New Notes:

•        will not be able to rely on such SEC interpretation;

•        will not be able to tender its Old Notes in the Exchange Offers; and

•        must comply with the registration and prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any sale or transfer of Old Notes unless such sale or transfer is made pursuant to an exemption from those requirements.

We acknowledge that such secondary resale transactions should be covered by an effective registration statement containing the selling security holder information required by Item 507 of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act.

By tendering Old Notes in exchange for New Notes and transmitting an agent’s message through ATOP, each holder of the Old Notes will represent that:

•        it is not an affiliate of ours;

•        it is not a broker-dealer tendering Old Notes acquired directly from us for its own account;

•        the New Notes to be received by it will be acquired in the ordinary course of its business; and

•        it is not engaged and does not intend to engage in, and has no arrangement or understanding with any person, to participate in the distribution, within the meaning of the Securities Act, of the New Notes.

We have not sought, and do not intend to seek, a no-action letter from the SEC with respect to the effects of the Exchange Offers, and there can be no assurance that the SEC staff would make a similar determination with respect to the New Notes as it has made in previous no-action letters.

In addition, in connection with any resales of those Old Notes, each exchanging broker-dealer, as defined below, receiving the New Notes for its own account in exchange for the Old Notes, where such Old Notes were acquired by such exchanging dealer as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities, must acknowledge that it may be a statutory underwriter and that it must deliver a prospectus meeting the requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any resale of such New Notes. See “Plan of Distribution.”

The SEC has taken the position in the Shearman & Sterling no-action letter, which it made available on July 2, 1993, that exchanging broker-dealers may fulfill their prospectus delivery requirements with respect to the New Notes, other than a resale of an unsold allotment from the original sale of the Old Notes, by delivery of the prospectus contained in the Exchange Offers registration statement.

In addition, each holder of Old Notes validly tendered in an Exchange Offer upon transmission of an “agent’s message” to the Exchange Agent will be deemed to represent, warrant and agree that:

•        it has received this prospectus and has reviewed it;

•        it is the beneficial owner of, or a duly authorized representative of one or more beneficial owners of, the Old Notes tendered thereby, and it has full power and authority to tender such Old Notes and deliver the related “agent’s message”;

•        the Old Notes being tendered thereby were owned as of the date of tender, free and clear of any liens, restrictions, charges and encumbrances of any kind, and we will acquire good title to those Old Notes, free and clear of all liens, restrictions, charges and encumbrances of any kind, when we accept the same;

•        it will not sell, pledge, hypothecate or otherwise encumber or transfer any Old Notes tendered thereby from the date of such tender unless such Old Notes are validly withdrawn or such Exchange Offer is terminated, and any purported sale, pledge, hypothecation or other encumbrance or transfer will be void and of no effect;

•        it is not a person to whom it is unlawful to make an invitation to tender pursuant to the applicable Exchange Offer under applicable law, and it has observed (and will observe) the laws of all relevant jurisdictions in connection with its tender;

•        it will, upon request, execute and deliver any additional documents reasonably deemed by the Exchange Agent or us to be necessary or desirable to complete the sale, assignment and transfer of the Old Notes tendered hereby;

•        in evaluating the applicable Exchange Offer and in making its decision whether to participate in such Exchange Offer by tendering its Old Notes and transmitting an “agent’s message” to the Exchange Agent, it has made its own independent appraisal of the matters referred to in this prospectus and in any related communications and it is not relying on any statement, representation or warranty, express or implied, made to it by us or the Exchange Agent, other than those contained in this prospectus, as amended or supplemented through the Expiration Date; and

•        it hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints the Exchange Agent as the true and lawful agent and attorney-in-fact of the undersigned (with full knowledge that the Exchange Agent also acts as the agent of JBS S.A.), with full powers of substitution and revocation (such power-of-attorney being deemed to be an irrevocable power coupled with an interest), to (i) present the Old Notes and all evidences of transfer and authenticity to, or transfer ownership of, the Old Notes on the account books maintained by Euroclear, Clearstream, or DTC to, or upon the order of, JBS S.A., (ii) present the Old Notes for transfer of ownership on the books of the relevant security register and (iii) receive all benefits and otherwise exercise all rights of beneficial ownership of the Old Notes all in accordance with the terms of and conditions to the Exchange Offers as set forth in this prospectus.

The representations, warranties and agreements of a holder tendering Old Notes will be deemed to be repeated and reconfirmed on and as of the Expiration Date and the Settlement Date. All authority conferred or agreed to by a tender of Old Notes and transmission of an “agent’s message” to the Exchange Agent shall not be affected by, and shall survive, the death or incapacity of the person making such tender and transmission, and every obligation of such person shall be binding upon such person’s heirs, personal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, assigns, trustees in bankruptcy and other legal representatives.

Absence of Appraisal and Dissenters’ Rights

Holders of the Old Notes do not have any appraisal or dissenters’ rights in connection with the Exchange Offers.

Acceptance of Old Notes for Exchange and Delivery of New Notes

On the Settlement Date, the New Notes to be issued in exchange for the Old Notes tendered and accepted in the applicable Exchange Offer will be delivered in book-entry form.

We will be deemed to accept the Old Notes that have been validly tendered by holders and that have not been validly withdrawn before the Withdrawal Deadline as provided in this prospectus when, and if, we give oral or written notice of acceptance to the Exchange Agent. Following receipt of that notice by the Exchange Agent and subject to the terms and conditions of the Exchange Offers, delivery of the New Notes will be made by the Exchange Agent on the Settlement Date. The Exchange Agent will act as agent for tendering holders of Old Notes for the purpose of receiving Old Notes and transmitting New Notes as of the Settlement Date. If any tendered Old Notes are not accepted for any reason described in the terms and conditions of the Exchange Offers, such unaccepted Old Notes will be returned without expense to the tendering holders promptly after the expiration or termination of the Exchange Offers.

If, for any reason, acceptance for exchange of tendered Old Notes, or issuance of New Notes in exchange for validly tendered Old Notes, pursuant to the applicable Exchange Offer is delayed, or we are unable to accept tendered Old Notes for exchange or to issue New Notes in exchange for validly tendered Old Notes pursuant to the Exchange Offers, then the Exchange Agent may, nevertheless, on our behalf, retain the tendered Old Notes, without prejudice to our rights described under “— Expiration Date; Extensions; Termination; Amendments” and “— Conditions to the Exchange Offers” and “— Withdrawal” above, but subject to Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act, which requires that we return the Old Notes tendered promptly after the termination or withdrawal of any exchange offer, and the tendered Old Notes may not be withdrawn.

Exchange Agent

D.F. King & Co., Inc. has been appointed as the Exchange Agent for the Exchange Offers. All correspondence in connection with the Exchange Offers, including questions concerning tender procedures and requests for additional copies of this prospectus, should be sent or delivered by each holder of the Old Notes, or beneficial owner’s commercial bank, broker, dealer, trust company or other nominee, to the Exchange Agent at the address set forth below:

By Registered Certified or Regular Mail or Overnight Courier or Hand Delivery:
D.F. King & Co., Inc., as Exchange Agent
48 Wall Street, 22nd Floor
New York, New York 10005
Attn: Michael Horthman
Email: jbs@dfking.com
Toll Free: (800) 967-7574
Banks and Brokers Call: (212) 269-5550
By Facsimile Transmission (eligible institutions only): (212) 709-3328
For Information or Confirmation by Telephone: (212) 232-3233

Holders of Old Notes may also contact their commercial bank, broker, dealer, trust company or other nominee for assistance concerning the applicable Exchange Offer. We will pay the Exchange Agent reasonable and customary fees for its services and will reimburse it for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses.

Solicitation of Tenders; Fees and Expenses

We have not retained any dealer-manager or similar agent in connection with the Exchange Offers and we will not make any payments to brokers, dealers or others for soliciting acceptances of the Exchange Offers. We will, however, pay the Exchange Agent reasonable and customary fees for its services and will reimburse it for actual and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses.

We will bear the expenses of soliciting tenders of the Old Notes. Solicitations of holders may be made by mail, e-mail, telephone, facsimile transmission, in person and otherwise by any Exchange Agent, as well as by our officers and other employees and those of our affiliates. No additional compensation will be paid to any officers or employees who engage in soliciting exchanges.

Holders tendering their Old Notes accepted in the Exchange Offers will not be obligated to pay brokerage commissions or fees to us, the Exchange Agent or, except as set forth below, to pay transfer taxes with respect to the exchange of their Old Notes. If, however, a tendering holder handles the transaction through its broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other institution, that holder may be required to pay brokerage fees or commissions.

The Exchange Offers are not being made to, nor will tenders be accepted from or on behalf of, holders of Old Notes in any jurisdiction in which the making of the Exchange Offers or the acceptance would not be in compliance with the laws of the jurisdiction.

Transfer Taxes

You will not be obligated to pay any transfer taxes in connection with the tender of Old Notes in the Exchange Offers unless you instruct us to issue or cause to be issued New Notes, or request that Old Notes not tendered or accepted in the Exchange Offers be returned, to a person other than the tendering holder. In those cases, you will be responsible for the payment of any applicable transfer taxes.

If satisfactory evidence of payment of or exemption from those transfer taxes is not submitted to us or the Exchange Agent, the amount of such transfer taxes will be billed directly to the tendering holder and/or withheld from any amounts due with respect to the Old Notes tendered by such holder.

INFORMATION ABOUT JBS S.A.

Overview

We are the largest protein company and one of the largest food companies in the world in terms of net revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023, according to Bloomberg’s Food Index and publicly available sources. Our net revenue was US$72.9 billion, US$72.6 billion and US$65.0 billion for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Our net income (loss) was US$(131.7) million, US$3.1 billion and US$3.8 billion for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Our Adjusted EBITDA was US$3.5 billion, US$6.7 billion and US$8.5 billion for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Through strategic acquisitions and capital investment, we have created a diversified global platform that allows us to prepare, package and deliver fresh and frozen, value-added and branded beef, poultry, pork, fish and lamb products to leading retailers and foodservice customers. We sell our products to more than 300,000 customers worldwide in approximately 190 countries on six continents.

As of December 31, 2023, we were:

•        the #1 global beef producer in terms of capacity, according to Nebraska Public Media, with operations in the United States, Australia, Canada and Brazil and an aggregate daily processing capacity of approximately 75,700 heads of cattle;

•        the #1 global poultry producer in terms of capacity, with operations in the United States, Brazil, United Kingdom, Mexico, Puerto Rico and Europe, and an aggregate daily processing capacity of approximately 13.8 million chickens according to WATT Poultry, a global resource for the poultry meat industries;

•        the #2 largest global pork producer in terms of capacity, with operations in the United States, Brazil, the United Kingdom, Australia and Europe, and an aggregate daily processing capacity of approximately 142,200 hogs according to WATT Poultry;

•        a leading lamb producer in terms of capacity, according to Levante, with operations in Australia and Europe and an aggregate daily processing capacity of approximately 23,500 heads;

•        a leading regional fish producer in terms of capacity, according to Forbes, with operations in Australia and an aggregate daily processing capacity of approximately 217 tons; and

•        a significant global producer of value-added and branded meat products.

We primarily sell protein products, which include fresh and frozen cuts of beef, pork, lamb, fish, whole chickens and chicken parts, to retailers (such as supermarkets, club stores and other retail distributors), and foodservice companies (such as restaurants, hotels, foodservice distributors and additional processors). Our food products are marketed under a variety of national and regional brands, including: in North America, “Swift,” “Just Bare,” “Pilgrim’s Pride,” “1855,” “Gold Kist Farms,” “Del Dia,” “Northern Gold” and “Canadian Diamond” and premium brand “Sunnyvalley”; in Brazil, “Swift,” “Seara,” “Friboi, “Maturatta,” “Reserva Friboi,” “Seara Da Granja,” “Seara Nature,” “Massa Leve,” “Marba,” “Doriana,” “Delícia,” “Primor,” “Delicata,” “Incrível,” “Rezende,” “LeBon,” “Frango Caipira Nhô Bento,” “Seara Turma da Mônica,” and premium brands “1953,” “Seara Gourmet,” “Hans” and “Eder”; in Australia, “Great Southern” and “AMH”; and in Europe, “Moy Park” and “O’Kane.” We also produce value-added and branded products marketed, primarily under our portfolio of widely recognized consumer brands in some of our key markets, including “Seara” in Brazil, “Primo,” “Rivalea” and “Huon” in Australia and “Beehive” in New Zealand.

We are geographically diversified. In the year ended December 31, 2023, we generated 74.7% of our net revenue from sales in the countries where we operate our facilities, which we classify as domestic sales, and 25.3% of our net revenue represented export sales. The United States, Brazil and Australia are leading exporters of protein to many fast-growing markets, including Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Asia represented 53.2% of our net revenue from export sales in the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily from sales in China, Japan and South Korea. Africa and the Middle East collectively represented 12.1% of our net revenue from export sales in the year ended December 31, 2023.

Corporate Structure

The following diagram sets forth JBS S.A.’s simplified corporate structure as of the date of this prospectus. For information about the principal shareholders of JBS S.A., see “Principal Shareholders.”

____________

(1)      Includes approximately 83% of the outstanding common stock of PPC.

History and Development

Overview

We were founded in 1953 by Mr. José Batista Sobrinho, who began by operating a small slaughterhouse in the City of Anápolis, in the State of Goiás, Brazil, with a daily slaughtering capacity of five head of cattle. Since the earliest days of our founding, Mr. José Batista Sobrinho developed techniques and know-how that were crucial to the initial success of the business. As the business and Mr. José Batista Sobrinho’s family grew, our founder took great care to pass down this know-how, as well as the values and culture that drive the results of the business, to the subsequent generations. In spite of the massive global growth that the company has experienced over the decades, JBS S.A. has held onto the know-how, culture and understanding of the protein business that propelled its early growth. In fact, Mr. José Batista Sobrinho’s legacy helps to support the company even today, as he serves as the Vice-Chairman of JBS S.A.’s board of directors. We believe that the continuity and consistency of Mr. José Batista Sobrinho’s original vision is a significant driver of our success over the past seven decades.

Following the company’s founding in 1953, Mr. Batista Sobrinho successfully expanded the operations organically, from a single slaughterhouse in Goiás to a daily slaughtering capacity of approximately 500 head of cattle as of 1970. Even as the company grew, Mr. José Batista Sobrinho focused consistently on the need to pass down the company’s culture, technique and know-how to the next generation, in order to ensure the long-term success and growth of the business. As a result, our ultimate controlling shareholders have spent the entirety of their careers working within the company that their father founded and have dedicated themselves to helping it grow into the multinational leading protein company that it is today.

By 1998, the company had expanded to slaughtering capacity to 5,800 head of cattle per day. In order to more adequately address the needs of the rapidly growing business, on December 10, 1998, the company began operations under the name Friboi Ltda. in 1999, which quickly became a recognized brand in the Brazilian consumer market, representing high-quality fresh packaged beef. In 2006, the company changed its name to JBS S.A., adopting a corporate structure as a sociedade anônima that was better suited to the size and complexity that it had achieved. It continued using the “Friboi” brand, as part of a growing portfolio of consumer brands.

In 2007, our ultimate controlling shareholders led the company to the next phase of its corporate evolution, through JBS S.A.’s initial public offering of common shares in Brazil, resulting in the offering and sale of 150,000,000 common shares for total net proceeds of R$1,152.0 million. In 2010, JBS S.A. completed a follow-on equity offering of 200,000,000 common shares for total net proceeds of R$1,562.5 million.

Also in 2007, we acquired the U.S. meat packer Swift & Company for approximately US$1.5 billion. This acquisition represented our first major expansion into the United States and represented a key initial step in a new phase of our corporate development marked by significant growth through acquisitions, both in Brazil and abroad, a strategy led by our ultimate controlling shareholders.

We successfully integrated Swift into our operations and in 2009, on the heels of the successful Swift deal, we acquired a majority stake in PPC, one of the largest chicken processors in the United States, with operations in Mexico and Puerto Rico. As the result of subsequent purchases, as of the date of this prospectus, we own approximately 83% of PPC’s total capital stock. We financed the 2009 acquisition of PPC through an issuance of JBS S.A. convertible debentures for total proceeds of approximately US$2.0 billion. BNDESPar purchased substantially all of these convertible debentures, which were cancelled in May 2011 following another capital raise, whereby BNDESPar acquired approximately 19.85% of JBS S.A.’s total capital stock at the time. As of March 15, 2024, BNDESPar owned 20.81% of JBS S.A.’s total capital stock. For more information about JBS S.A.’s principal shareholders, see “Principal Shareholders.”

Since our acquisitions of Swift and PPC, we continued to grow through acquisitions, as well as organically, throughout the world. As evidenced by our success in integrating these major acquisitions, our leadership team and ultimate controlling shareholders have a decades-long track record of growth and expansion, while at the same time maintaining the culture of hard work, operational efficiency and leveraging market opportunities for growth, and know-how dating back to our founding by Mr. José Batista Sobrinho. Some of our recent acquisitions, which have helped us to expand into the leading worldwide protein company that we are today, include:

•        In 2013, we acquired rights and equity interests in certain companies that comprised Marfrig Global Foods S.A.’s Seara Brasil poultry and pork business units. In addition to increasing JBS S.A.’s presence in the poultry and pork sectors in Brazil, the acquisition of Seara represented JBS S.A.’s first major expansion into the processed food products sector.

•        From 2014 to 2017, we completed various acquisitions that enhanced our geographic and product diversification and increased our production capacity for value-added and branded food products, including Tyson Foods’ poultry operations in Brazil and Mexico and the global operations of Primo Smallgoods Group, a leader in the Australian and New Zealand markets for processed food products such as ham, sausages and bacon.

•        In 2015, we acquired companies that comprised Marfrig’s United Kingdom-based “Moy Park” business, for a purchase price of approximately US$1.5 billion. As a result of the Moy Park acquisition, we expanded our operations in Europe, including our portfolio of processed and high value-added products, as well as poultry processing, with 13 food processing and manufacturing units in the UK, France, Holland and Ireland and over 12 thousand employees. The acquisition represented an important step towards our expansion strategy in Europe.

•        In 2015, we also acquired Cargill’s pork business in the U.S., for US$1.5 billion. The transaction added to JBS USA Pork two hog processing facilities, five feed mills, and four breeding units located in the States of Arkansas, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Oklahoma and Texas.

•        In 2017, we acquired GNP for US$357 million. GNP is a vertically integrated poultry business based in St. Cloud, Minnesota. Through the GNP acquisition of a portfolio of certified organic, natural product lines, we further strengthened our strategic position in the U.S. chicken market.

•        Also in 2017, we acquired Plumrose USA from Danish Crown A/S for an aggregate purchase price of US$230 million, which included five prepared foods facilities, including one in Elkhart, Indiana, two in Council Bluffs, Iowa, one in Booneville, Mississippi, and one in Swanton, Vermont, and two distribution centers in South Bend, Indiana, and Tupelo, Mississippi, respectively. This acquisition marks the continuation of our strategy of expanding our portfolio of branded, prepared foods, and the strengthening of our customer base and geographical distribution in the U.S. Plumrose USA offers an array of prepared foods including bacon, hams, sliced deli meats and cooked ribs.

•        In 2019, PPC acquired Tulip Limited, a leading integrated prepared foods supplier with fresh, value-added and branded operations in the United Kingdom, from Danish Crown A/S, for an aggregate purchase price of £290.0 million (equivalent to approximately US$369.3 million converted using the foreign exchange rate as at December 31, 2023).

•        Since 2020, we completed various additional strategic acquisitions, including our acquisition of Huon Aquaculture Group, Australia’s second largest salmon aquaculture company with vertically integrated operations in Tasmania. Set forth below under “— Recent Acquisitions” is a summary of the material acquisitions we have completed since 2021.

We believe that the combination of our culture, as originally established by Mr. José Batista Sobrinho and passed down to the second- and third-generation leadership, including our ultimate controlling shareholders, our know-how and expertise in the protein industry dating back 70 years, our proven track record of organic growth and growth by integrating complex international acquisitions, position our company well for continued growth and success.

Recent Acquisitions

Since 2009, through acquisitions and organic growth, we have increased our production capacity and product offerings in South and North America and expanded our production capacity to Australia and Europe. We currently operate a diversified global platform through which we offer fresh and frozen, value-added and branded beef, poultry, pork, fish and lamb products to leading retailers and foodservice customers around the world. Below is a brief summary of certain other material acquisitions that we have entered into since 2021.

Vivera Business Acquisition

On April 15, 2021, JBS USA entered into an agreement with the shareholders of Vivera Topholding BV (“Vivera”) to acquire all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Vivera. Vivera is the third-largest manufacturer of plant-based food products in Europe. Vivera offers products under the Vivera brand, as well as private labels, in more than 25 countries, with relevant market share in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Germany. The Vivera Business Acquisition includes three production facilities and a research and development center located in the Netherlands. The purchase price for the Vivera Business Acquisition was €341.0 million (equivalent to approximately US$376.6 million converted using the foreign exchange rate as at December 31, 2023), subject to working capital adjustments at the time. The Vivera Business Acquisition was completed on June 17, 2021.

Pilgrim’s Food Masters Acquisition

On June 17, 2021, PPC entered into an agreement to acquire the specialty meats and ready meals businesses of Kerry Group plc, which have subsequently changed their name to Pilgrim’s Food Masters (“PFM”). The PFM specialty meats and ready meals businesses are manufacturers of branded and private label meats, meat snacks and food-to-go products in the United Kingdom and Ireland and an ethnic chilled and frozen ready meals business in the United Kingdom. The Pilgrim’s Food Masters Acquisition was completed on September 24, 2021 for £695.3 million (equivalent to approximately US$885.4 million converted using the foreign exchange rate as at December 31, 2023), subject to working capital adjustments at the time.

Rivalea Acquisition

On June 8, 2021, we announced that JBS Australia had executed an agreement to acquire Rivalea Holdings Pty Ltd and Oxdale Dairy Enterprise Pty Ltd. (“Rivalea”), a leading hog breeding and processing business in Australia (the “Rivalea Acquisition”). The Rivalea Acquisition was completed on January 4, 2022 for a preliminary purchase price of AUD$158.8 million (equivalent to approximately US$108.4 million converted using the foreign exchange rate as at December 31, 2023).

Huon Acquisition

On August 6, 2021, JBS S.A. announced it had executed an agreement for JBS Australia to acquire Huon Aquaculture Group Ltd. (“Huon”), an Australian salmon aquaculture company. Huon is Australia’s second largest salmon aquaculture company with vertically integrated operations in Tasmania. The Huon acquisition closed on November 17, 2021 for a preliminary purchase price of AUD$413.0 million (equivalent to approximately US$281.9 million converted using the foreign exchange rate as at December 31, 2023).

Sunnyvalley Acquisition

On October 15, 2021, Swift Prepared Foods, a consumer packaged goods company and indirect subsidiary of JBS USA announced that it had executed an agreement to acquire Sunnyvalley Smoked Meats, Inc. (“Sunnyvalley”), a producer of a variety of smoked bacon, ham and turkey products for sale to retail and wholesale customers under the Sunnyvalley brand, for US$94.0 million. The Sunnyvalley Acquisition was completed on December 1, 2021.

King Acquisition

On December 13, 2021, JBS S.A. announced it had executed an agreement to acquire King’s Group (“King”), a global producer of bresaola with a presence in both Italy and the United States, for €82.0 million (equivalent to approximately US$90.6 million converted using the foreign exchange rate as at December 31, 2023). The King Acquisition strengthened our position in the production and distribution of Italian meat specialties, placing us among the leaders in the production of Italian salumeria. The King Acquisition was completed on February 4, 2022.

TriOak Business Acquisition

On December 2, 2022, JBS USA acquired the TriOak Foods (“TriOak”) business for US$235.7 million. TriOak is an American pork producer and grain marketer. In acquiring the TriOak business, JBS USA ensures access to a consistent supply of premium pork, strengthening its ability to provide high-quality pork products. JBS USA has served as the exclusive customer of TriOak market hogs since 2017.

Simplification of Corporate Structure

On December 6, 2023, JBS USA Finance, Inc. (a former co-issuer of the New Notes) was dissolved.

On December 7, 2023, JBS Holding Luxembourg S.à r.l. (a former parent guarantor of the New Notes) was dissolved.

On December 13, 2023, JBS Luxembourg Company S.à r.l. (formerly known as JBS Luxembourg S.à r.l.) entered into supplemental indentures relating to the New Notes, pursuant to which it became a co-issuer of the New Notes.

On December 22, 2023, JBS USA Lux S.A. merged into JBS USA Holding Lux S.à r.l., with JBS USA Holding Lux S.à r.l. being the surviving entity, and JBS USA Holding Lux S.à r.l. became a co-issuer of the New Notes.

Description of Business Segments

In order to efficiently manage our global operations, we are organized according to the following seven business segments:

•        Brazil.    Our Brazil segment includes all the operating activities from JBS S.A., mainly represented by slaughter facilities, cold storage and meat processing, fat, feed and production of beef by-products, such as leather, collagen and other products produced in Brazil. In 2023, our Brazil segment had net revenue of US$11.1 billion and Adjusted EBITDA of US$469.3 million.

•        Seara.    Our Seara segment includes all of the operating activities of Seara and its subsidiaries, mainly represented by chicken and pork processing, production and commercialization of food products and value-added products. In 2023, our Seara segment had net revenue of US$8.3 billion and Adjusted EBITDA of US$364.5 million.

•        Beef North America.    Our Beef North America segment includes JBS USA’s beef processing operations in North America and the plant-based businesses in Europe. Beef North America also sells by-products to the variety meat, feed processing, fertilizer, automotive and pet food industries and also produces value-added meat products including toppings for pizzas. Finally, Sampco LLC imports processed meats and other foods such as canned fish, fruits and vegetables to the United States and Vivera produces and sells plant-based protein products in Europe. In 2023, our Beef North America segment had net revenue of US$23.3 billion and Adjusted EBITDA of US$114.2 billion.

•        Pork USA.    Our Pork USA segment includes JBS USA’s pork operations, including Swift Prepared Foods. As a complement to our pork processing business, we also conduct business through our hog production operations, including four hog farms and five feed mills, from which, we will source live hogs for our pork processing operations. In 2023, our Pork USA segment had net revenue of US$7.7 billion and Adjusted EBITDA of US$526.9 million.

•        Pilgrim’s Pride.    Our Pilgrim’s Pride segment includes PPC’s operations, including Moy Park, Tulip, PFM, PPL and Pilgrim’s Consumer Foods as well, mainly represented by chicken processing, production and commercialization of food products and prepared foods in the United States, Mexico, United Kingdom and France. The fresh chicken products consist of refrigerated (non-frozen) whole or cut-up chicken, either pre-marinated or non-marinated, and pre-packaged chicken in various combinations of freshly refrigerated, whole chickens and chicken parts. The prepared chicken products include portion-controlled breast fillets, tenderloins and strips, delicatessen products, salads, formed nuggets and patties and bone-in chicken parts. These products are sold either refrigerated or frozen and may be fully cooked, partially cooked or raw. In addition, these products are breaded or non-breaded and either pre-marinated or non-marinated. In 2023, our Pilgrim’s Pride segment had net revenue of US$17.3 billion and Adjusted EBITDA of US$1.5 billion.

•        Australia.    Our Australia segment includes our fresh, frozen, value-added and branded beef, lamb, pork and fish products in Australia and New Zealand. We also operate lamb, sheep, pork and fish processing facilities in Australia and New Zealand. In 2023, our Australia segment had net revenue of US$6.2 billion and Adjusted EBITDA of US$454.7 million.

•        Others.    Our Others segment includes certain operations not directly attributable to our primary segments set forth above, such as corporate expenses, international leather operations and other operations in Europe. In 2023, our Others segment had net revenue of US$893.5 million and Adjusted EBITDA of US$(5.2) million.

For additional information about our reportable segments, see note 25 to JBS S.A.’s audited financial statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Reportable Segments” and “— Description of Main Consolidated Statement of Income Line Items — Net Revenue.” Each segment’s operating profit or loss is evaluated by our chief operating decision maker based on Adjusted EBITDA. See “Presentation of Financial and Other Information — Non-GAAP Financial Measures — Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin.”

Products and Services

We generate the majority of our revenue in each segment from product sales. We sell our products domestically in the countries where we operate our facilities, which we classify as domestic sales, and elsewhere, which we classify as export sales. For example, a product sold in the United States would be classified as a domestic sale if produced in one of our plants in the United States or an export sale if produced in another country.

Our range of fresh products includes: fresh and frozen beef and lamb products (including traditional cuts, prime cuts and offal); fresh and frozen pork products (including pork carcasses, bone-in cuts, boneless cuts, pork bellies and offal); and fresh and frozen chicken products (including refrigerated and frozen whole and cut-up chickens, bone-in chicken parts and prepackaged case-ready chickens).

Our range of value-added and branded products includes: value-added and branded beef and lamb products (including frozen cooked and pre-cooked beef, corned cooked beef, beef cubes and consumer-ready products, such as hamburgers and sausages); value-added and branded pork products (including ham, trimmings, bacon, sausage and deli and lunch meats); and prepared value-added and branded chicken products (including refrigerated and frozen portion-controlled breast fillets, tenderloins and strips, delicatessen products and salads, formed nuggets and patties and bone-in chicken parts).

In addition, we sell prepared food products (including ready-to-eat meals, frozen pizza and lasagna).

We also generate revenue from the services we provide, including cattle hotelling in Australia and hog farming in the United States. Cattle hotelling operations involve the custom housing and feeding of cattle that are owned by third parties in return for fees. While the feedlot operator generally sells the cattle on behalf of the owner (deducting the fees from the sale proceeds), the ultimate risk of the cattle going unsold is borne by the cattle owner, not the feedlot.

Brazil Segment

Products, Sales and Marketing

The majority of our Brazil segment revenues are generated from the sale of fresh beef (including fresh and frozen chuck cuts, rib cuts, loin cuts, round cuts, thin meats, ground beef, offal and other products) and value-added and branded beef products (including frozen cooked and pre-cooked beef, beef cubes and consumer-ready products, such as hamburgers).

We sell our Brazil segment products in Brazil, which we classify as domestic sales, and elsewhere, which we classify as export sales.

Our customers include:

•        national and regional retailers (including grocery store chains and independent grocers), wholesale distributors and food processors;

•        international retailers and wholesale distributors (including in China, Hong Kong, the United States, the Middle East, Europe and emerging markets); and

•        the foodservice industry, including foodservice distributors, fast food and other restaurants, hotel chains and other institutional customers.

We market our products through local sales teams and agents and distribute our products both directly from our facilities and through our distribution centers.

We market our Brazil segment products under the brand names “Friboi,” “1953,” “Maturatta” and “Reserva Friboi,” among other brand names.

Raw Materials

The primary raw material for our Brazilian beef processing operations is live cattle. We seek to purchase cattle from ranchers in Brazil generally located within 500 kilometers of one or more of our beef processing plants. The close proximity of our cattle suppliers to our beef processing facilities results in reduced transportation costs and reduces the risk of weight loss and bruising of cattle during transportation.

We enter into livestock purchase agreements with our cattle suppliers, including our affiliates J&F Floresta Agropecuária and JBJ Agropecuária. For more information about our agreement with JBJ Agropecuária, see “Related Party Transactions.” We employ experienced cattle buyers who purchase cattle in the principal cattle raising areas in Brazil. Our buyers are trained to select high quality, disease-free animals, and we constantly monitor their performance. We purchase cattle only from select registered producers, based on rigorous animal selection guidelines. Our cattle suppliers are required to document the quality of their operations and verify that their use of antibiotics and agricultural chemicals complies with industry standards. All cattle that we purchase in Brazil are inspected by officials from the SIF.

Cattle supply and prices are affected by several factors, such as climate, access to capital by cattle raisers and harvest period. The majority of the cattle slaughtered in Brazil is grass-fed.

Facilities

We operate 33 beef processing facilities in Brazil, in the States of Acre, Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Pará, Rondônia, São Paulo and Tocantins. Our facilities are strategically located to access raw materials in a cost effective manner and to service our global customer base.

For more information about our Brazil segment processing facilities and processing capacities, see “— Properties — Operating Facilities — Brazil Segment.”

Seara Segment

Products, Sales and Marketing

The majority of our Seara segment revenues from our chicken operations in Brazil are generated from the sale of value-added and branded chicken products (which may be fully cooked, partially cooked or raw, in addition to breaded and marinated products, including chicken nuggets and patties) and fresh chicken products (including refrigerated and frozen whole chickens, breast fillets and bone-in chicken parts).

The majority of our Seara segment revenues from our pork operations in Brazil are generated from the sale of value-added and branded pork products (including trimmed cuts, marinated products, ham and bacon) and fresh pork products (including fresh and frozen pork carcasses, bone-in cuts, boneless cuts, pork bellies and offal).

We also sell prepared food products (including ready-to-eat meals, frozen pizza and lasagna) under our Seara segment.

We sell these products in Brazil, which we classify as domestic sales, and elsewhere, which we classify as export sales.

Our customers include:

•        national and regional retailers (including grocery store chains, independent grocers and our own retail stores), wholesale distributors and food processors;

•        international retailers and wholesale distributors (including in the Middle East, Europe, Africa, Asia and Latin America); and

•        the foodservice industry, including foodservice distributors, fast food and other restaurants, hotel chains and other institutional customers.

We market our Seara segment products under the brand names “Seara,” “Seara Nature,” “Doriana,” “Seara Gourmet,” “Massa Leve,” “Macedo,” “Frango Caipira Nhô Bento,” “Rezende,” “Excelsior,” “Frangosul,” “LeBon,” “Big Frango,” “Confiança,” “Delícia,” “Primor,” “Gradina,” “Delicata,” “Marba,” “Incrível,” “Seara Turma da Mônica,” among other brand names.

Raw Materials

Chicken

We are a vertically-integrated chicken processor in Brazil and control every phase of the production of our products, including feed mills, hatcheries, incubators, processing plants and distribution centers. We own and raise breeder flocks for the production of hatching eggs. Once hatched, the chicks, or broilers, are transported to independent contract grow-out farms, where they are grown to an age of six to seven weeks. We supply our contract growers with the chicks, feed and veterinary services.

The prices of poultry feed may fluctuate significantly, including within short periods, due to several factors, including supply and demand of chicken and the prices of corn and soy meal, which are feed ingredients required for our vertically integrated operations. See “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to our Business and Industries — Our results of operations may be adversely affected by fluctuations in market prices for, and the availability of, livestock and animal feed ingredients.” We seek to manage certain of these risks with risk and hedge management programs, including futures and options agreements. However, these strategies do not completely eliminate these risks. In addition, these programs may also limit gains from fluctuations in commodities prices.

Pork

The primary raw material for our Brazil fresh pork processing operations is live hogs. Our Brazil fresh pork operations are mostly vertically integrated, and we own and raise hogs on feed for use in our own slaughterhouses. The raising of hogs is outsourced to contract farmers under strict supervision and control. We also purchase a small number of hogs from third parties on the spot market. The feed ingredients needed to raise hogs are substantially similar to those used to feed chickens. We generally purchase feed ingredients in the spot market or under forward purchase

arrangements priced at market prices upon delivery or with fixed prices. We seek to hedge the feed ingredients we purchase in Brazil through financial instruments traded on the B3 in order to attempt to protect ourselves from price variations between the date of their purchase and the date of their delivery.

Facilities

We operate 30 fresh chicken processing and 25 value-added, branded and prepared foods facilities in Brazil. For more information about our Seara segment chicken processing facilities and processing capacities, see “— Properties — Operating Facilities — Seara Segment.”

We own and operate eight fresh pork processing facilities in Brazil, located in the States of Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná and Santa Catarina. For more information about our Seara segment pork processing facilities and processing capacities, see “— Properties — Operating Facilities — Seara Segment.”

As a vertically-integrated chicken processor, we also own and operate rendering plants, feed mills and hatcheries in Brazil.

Beef North America Segment

Products, Sales and Marketing

The majority of our beef revenues from our operations in the United States and Canada are generated from the sale of fresh beef products (including fresh and frozen chuck cuts, rib cuts, loin cuts, round cuts, thin meats, ground beef, offal and other products). We also sell value-added and branded beef products (including frozen cooked and pre-cooked beef, corned cooked beef, beef cubes and consumer-ready products, such as hamburgers and sausages). In addition, we sell beef by-products to the variety meat, feed processing, fertilizer and pet food industries. Cattle hides are sold for both domestic and international use, primarily to the clothing and automotive industries. We sell these products in the countries where we operate our facilities, which we classify as domestic sales, and elsewhere, which we classify as export sales. Following the Vivera Business Acquisition, we also sell plant-based food products in Europe.

We market products under several brand names, including “Swift,” “Swift Premium,” “Swift Angus Select,” “Swift Premium Black Angus,” “Aspen Ridge” and “Miller Blue Ribbon Beef.” Our hallmark brand, Swift, was founded in 1855. We believe that our brands, marketed primarily at the wholesale level, provide a platform for further growth and expansion of our value added and premium program product lines.

We market our products through several channels including:

•        national and regional retailers (including grocery supermarket chains, independent grocers and club stores) and wholesale distributors;

•        prepared food companies who use our beef products as a food ingredient for prepared meals, raw materials for hamburger and by-products for pharmaceutical and leather production;

•        the foodservice industry, including foodservice distributors, restaurant and hotel chains and other institutional customers; and

•        international retailers and wholesale distributors (including Japan, Mexico, South Korea and Hong Kong).

Our largest distribution channel is retail. We intend to focus on increasing our direct sales to retail and prepared food customers and to international distribution channels, which we believe are likely to provide the higher margin opportunities over time.

Global Exports

We sell our U.S. and Canadian beef products in more than 60 countries on six continents. The international beef market is divided between the Pacific Block (which includes the United States, Japan, Canada, Mexico and South Korea) and the Atlantic Block (Europe, Africa, the Middle East and South America). This division reflects not only historical and geographical ties but also certain common sanitary criteria.

The Pacific Block prohibits imports of fresh beef from countries or regions where there is still a risk of new outbreaks of FMD and from countries or regions that are FMD-free but implement FMD vaccination programs. However, the Pacific Block permits imports of processed beef (including cooked and pre-cooked products) from these countries.

Most countries of the Atlantic Block permit imports of fresh beef from FMD-free countries that implement FMD vaccination programs. They also recognize that FMD can be eradicated on a regional (as opposed to national) basis in certain countries, including Brazil, which has areas that are FMD-free and have vaccination programs, qualifying them to export fresh beef. Under this regionalization concept, many beef producing regions in Brazil are thus qualified to export fresh beef to countries in the Atlantic Block. Notwithstanding the foregoing, most countries in the Atlantic Block impose import restrictions on beef treated with growth hormones, citing health concerns. Brazil and Argentina have prohibited the use of growth hormones on their cattle.

The United States has been an FMD-free country since the eradication of the disease, and it does not implement vaccination programs. However, the United States treats most of their cattle with growth hormones, and, accordingly, the European Union and several other countries have banned imports of beef from the United States treated with growth hormones.

Raw Materials

The primary raw material for our U.S. and Canadian beef processing plants is live cattle. Vertically integrated beef processors, who own cattle on feed, can be subject to significant financial impact in terms of working capital utilization, since cattle on feed eat in the yards for 90-180 days and do not generate revenue until processed. Since cattle on feed consume feed with a replacement price that is subject to market changes, vertically integrated beef processors have direct financial exposure to the volatility in corn and other feedstock prices. We do not own cattle on feed, and we generally purchase cattle in the spot market or pursuant to market-priced supply arrangements from feedlot operators and, except as described below, typically hold cattle for less than one day before processing. After processing, we sell the beef at spot prices. Because we generally buy cattle at market prices and sell the finished beef product at market prices with just a short time between the purchase and sale, we are not exposed to changing market prices over as great a span of time as vertically integrated processors. As such we are primarily a “spread” operator, and our operating profit is largely determined by plant operating efficiency and not by fluctuations in prices of cattle and beef.

All of our U.S. cattle procurement process is centralized at our headquarters in Greeley, Colorado. We require all of our cattle suppliers to document the quality of their feedlot operations, verify that the use of antibiotics and agricultural chemicals follow the manufacturer’s intended standards and confirm that feed containing animal-based protein products, which have been associated with outbreaks of BSE, has not been used. We have in excess of 3,000 suppliers who supply us with cattle. JBS Packerland’s four processing plants purchase lean Holstein steers and cows and other cattle, primarily from feedyards, auction barns, direct contract relationships with suppliers in close proximity to processing plants and from its existing cattle feeding operations. The close proximity of these plants to most of their suppliers reduces transportation costs, shrinkage and bruising of livestock in transit.

We secure our cattle needs under forward purchase arrangements and on the spot market. Our forward purchase contracts are not fixed price contracts but are priced at market prices upon delivery, thus generally minimizing our exposure to price volatility before delivery.

On March 16, 2018, Pinnacle Arcadia Cattle Holdco, LLC, as supplier, and JBS USA Food Company, as buyer, entered into a live cattle supply agreement, pursuant to which the supplier agreed to exclusively sell, and buyer agreed to purchase, all cattle owned by the supplier and its affiliates to JBS USA Food Company and its affiliates (subject to certain limited exceptions), and the supplier shall guarantee a continuous supply of cattle per week and per year pursuant to minimum and maximum volumes and prices set forth in the agreement, for processing at buyer’s facilities. The term of the live cattle supply agreement is 10 years.

Processing Facilities

We own and operate nine beef processing facilities in the United States and one beef processing facility in Canada. Our facilities are strategically located to access raw materials in a cost effective manner and to service our global customer base. We also own and operate seven value-added and branded facilities in the United States and one

in Canada, that are reported in our Beef North America segment and produce consumer-ready beef and pork products for certain customers. We also operate one hide tannery facility in the United States. We also own and operate three plant-based protein processing facilities in the Netherlands that are included in our Beef North America segment. For more information about our beef processing facilities and processing capacities in the United States and Canada, see “— Properties — Operating Facilities — Beef North America Segment.”

Our facilities utilize modern, highly-automated equipment to process and package beef products, which are typically marketed in the form of boxed beef. We also customize production and packaging of beef products for several large domestic and international customers. The designs of our facilities emphasize worker safety to ensure regulatory compliance and to reduce worker injuries. Our facilities are also designed to reduce waste products and emissions and dispose of waste in accordance with applicable environmental standards. We have equipped our Riverside, California facility to process value-added and branded products, including, for example, the G.F. Swift 1855 brand line of premium beef products. Our Greeley, Colorado; Cactus, Texas; and Grand Island, Nebraska, facilities have been equipped for value-added and branded operations, including slicing, grinding and cubing of beef products for retail and foodservice customers.

Our JBS Packerland facilities are engineered to process both fed cattle and cows. Steers and heifers raised on concentrated rations are typically referred to in the cattle industry as “fed cattle,” and cattle not fed such concentrated rations are usually referred to as “non-fed cattle.” Many beef processing facilities in the United States are engineered to process only cows or only fed cattle. This flexibility enables us to shift operations between fed cattle and cows based upon market availability, seasonal demand and margins. In addition, JBS Packerland facilities are located near major metropolitan areas, resulting in lower freight costs compared to cattle processing plants in other localities. JBS Packerland’s Tolleson, Arizona plant is located near Phoenix, Tucson and Los Angeles; the Plainwell, Michigan plant is located near Chicago and Detroit; the Green Bay plant is located near Milwaukee and Chicago; and the Souderton, Pennsylvania plant is located near Baltimore, Philadelphia and New York. We have also invested in a ground beef operation at the Tolleson plant.

Our food safety efforts incorporate what we believe to be a comprehensive network of leading technologies, such as our MultiCheck process, that minimize the risks involved in beef processing. Two of the elements of MultiCheck are double pasteurization of carcasses prior to chilling and a chilled carcass treatment using organic acid immediately prior to carcass disassembly. SwiftTrace™ is another element we implemented as part of our ongoing commitment to animal and human safety. SwiftTrace™ is a process whereby live animals and finished animal products can be traced backward or forward in the supply chain. This process helps to build confidence from suppliers, customers and consumers in the food supply chain.

Pork USA Segment

Products, Sales and Marketing

The majority of our revenues from our pork operations in the United States are generated from the sale of fresh pork products (including fresh and frozen pork carcasses, bone-in cuts, boneless cuts, pork bellies and offal). We also sell value-added and branded pork products, including hams, bellies and trimmings, which are sold predominantly to prepared food companies who, in turn, manufacture bacon, sausage and deli and luncheon meats. Our remaining sales are derived from by-products and from value-added and branded, higher margin products. Due to the higher margins attributable to value-added and branded products, in recent years we have placed greater emphasis on the sale of moisture-enhanced, seasoned, marinated and consumer-ready pork products to the retail channel and boneless ham and skinless bellies to the prepared food channel. We sell these products in the United States, which we classify as domestic sales, and elsewhere, which we classify as export sales.

We sell our pork products in approximately 30 countries on five continents. Most of our United States pork exports are sold to Asia, Mexico and Canada, since the European Union prohibits the import of animals treated with certain antibiotics and certain growth hormones commonly used in the United States. However, our Worthington, Minnesota pork processing plant is EU-certified and sells a portion of its production to the European Union.

Our JBS USA Pork segment also includes the Sunnyvalley business, a smoked bacon, ham and turkey processing business in the U.S., which we acquired on December 1, 2021 and expanded our presence in the value-added and branded product categories, and TriOak, which we acquired on December 2, 2022, and ensures access to a consistent supply of premium hogs for our pork processing facilities.

We market our pork products through several channels, including:

•        national and regional retailers (including grocery supermarket chains, independent grocers and club stores) and wholesale distributors;

•        prepared food companies who use our pork products as a food ingredient for prepared meals, raw materials for sausage manufacturing and by-products for pharmaceutical and leather production;

•        the foodservice industry, including foodservice distributors, fast food and other restaurants, hotel chains and other institutional customers; and

•        international retailers and wholesale distributors (including in Japan, Mexico, South Korea and China).

Raw Materials

The primary raw material for our United States pork processing operations is live hogs. We process live hogs in our production facilities and sell the finished products at spot prices. In the United States, the majority of our pork operations are not vertically integrated. Vertically-integrated pork processors, who own hogs on feed, can be subject to significant financial impact in terms of working capital utilization, since hogs on feed stay in yards for approximately 180 days. In addition, since hogs on feed consume feed with a replacement price that is subject to market volatility, vertically-integrated pork processors have direct financial exposure to the volatility in grains and feedstock prices. Because we typically acquire our live hogs within 24 hours of processing, we are not exposed to changing market prices over an extended span of time.

The majority of our live hog supply is purchased from third parties through long-term supply contracts. We employ a network of hog buyers at our processing plants and buying stations to secure our hog supply. These supply contracts are typically two to three years in duration and stipulate minimum and maximum purchase commitments with prices based in part on the market price of hogs upon delivery, with adjustments based on quality, weight, lean composition and meat quality. We purchase our remaining hogs on the spot market at a daily market price with the same general quality and yield grade as we require under our contracts.

We also own and operate nine hog farms in the United States, and we raise approximately 25% of our live hog needs.

Processing Facilities

We own and operate five fresh pork processing facilities in the United States, located in close proximity to major hog growing regions. We also own and operate nine pork only value-added and branded facilities in addition to the seven shared beef and pork value-added and branded facilities described above under “— Beef North America Segment — Processing Facilities — United States and Canada.” For more information about our pork operating facilities in the United States, see “— Properties — Operating Facilities — Pork USA Segment.”

Our facilities utilize modern, highly-automated equipment to process and package pork products, which are typically marketed in the form of boxed pork. Since July 2007, we have made capital and operational expenditures, including the installation of plate freezers and value-added and branded variety meats capture technology. We believe that these expenditures have enhanced product quality, improved customer satisfaction and increased sales potential. All of our pork facilities produce value-added and branded products, including seasoned and marinated pork items. The design of our facilities emphasizes worker safety to ensure regulatory compliance and to reduce worker injuries. Our facilities are also designed to reduce waste products and emissions and dispose of waste in accordance with applicable environmental standards. Our Worthington, Minnesota pork plant is a European Union-certified facility that enables us to export primal cuts to Europe.

Our food safety task force consists of experts in the field of meat processing, food microbiology and quality assurance, all working together to assure compliance at all stages of the production chain and distribution channels. Our internal programs, policies and standards are designed to exceed both regulatory requirements and customer specifications. Our food safety efforts incorporate what we believe is a comprehensive network of leading technologies, such as our MultiCheck process described above, that minimize the risks involved in pork processing.

Pilgrim’s Pride Segment

Products, Sales and Marketing

North America

The majority of our revenues from our chicken operations in the United States, Mexico and Puerto Rico are generated from the sale of refrigerated whole and cut-up chickens and prepackaged case-ready chicken (including various combinations of freshly refrigerated whole chickens and chicken parts ready for the retail grocer’s fresh meat counter) and prepared chicken products (including refrigerated and frozen portion-controlled breast fillets, tenderloins and strips, delicatessen products and salads, formed nuggets and patties and bone-in chicken parts). Our prepared chicken products may be fully cooked, partially cooked or raw and include breaded and marinated products. We sell these products in the countries where we operate our facilities, which we classify as domestic sales, and elsewhere, which we classify as export sales.

We sell these products in the countries where we operate our facilities, which we classify as domestic sales, and elsewhere, which we classify as export sales. Our customers include:

•        national and regional retailers (including grocery supermarket chains, independent grocers and club stores) and wholesale distributors;

•        international retailers and wholesale distributors in approximately 120 countries on five continents; and

•        the foodservice industry, including foodservice distributors, fast food and other restaurants, hotel chains and other institutional customers.

We market our North American chicken products under the brand names “Pilgrim’s Pride,” “Pierce,” “Gold Kist Farms” and “Del Dia,” among others.

Europe

Our revenues from our chicken operations in Europe are generated from our Moy Park business, which includes the sale of fresh and frozen, value-added, branded and prepared chicken products. In the United Kingdom, our fresh chicken sales primarily consist of refrigerated and frozen whole chickens, breast fillets and bone-in chicken parts. In the United Kingdom, France and the Netherlands, we produce value-added, branded and prepared chicken products for sale to customers in retail, foodservice, agricultural and international distribution channels. We also sell a range of ready-to-cook, coated and ready-to-eat chicken products to major retailers and large foodservice customers. We maintain a new product development team and an executive chef to continue to develop new ideas for value added products across our range, and share those insights with our customers in order to drive sales. We have included new innovative products in its portfolio every year during the last five years with a growing new product development pipeline.

Our Pilgrim’s Pride segment also includes our U.K. prepared meat and meals products business, which we acquired through PPC’s acquisition of the business of Pilgrim’s Food Masters, the specialty meats business is a leading manufacturer of branded and private label meats, meat snacks and food-to-go products in the U.K. and the Republic of Ireland. We closed the Pilgrim’s Food Masters Acquisition on September 24, 2021.

We have strong brands with high levels of brand recognition in the markets in which such brands are sold, including “Moy Park,” “Castle Lea,” “O’Kane Limited” and the Moy Park’s “Jamie Oliver” range. We believe the development of our brands is important as it provides customers with confidence in the quality and consistency of our products. Brand marketing is focused on establishing our brands through consistent quality and product innovation as well as developing relationships with key customers. We believe that our brands can be expanded throughout Europe, which provides the opportunity to sell higher-margin products in our traditional markets.

We sell these products in the countries where we operate our facilities, which we classify as domestic sales, and elsewhere, which we classify as export sales. Our customers include:

•        national and regional retailers (including grocery supermarket chains, independent grocers and club stores) and wholesale distributors;

•        international retailers and wholesale distributors; and

•        the foodservice industry, including foodservice distributors, fast food and other restaurants, hotel chains and other institutional customers.

Raw Materials

We are a vertically-integrated chicken processor in North America and Europe. We control every phase of the production of our products, including farms (contract, owned, under poultry rearing agreements or under tenancy), feed mills, hatcheries and processing plants. A portion of our broilers are transported to independent contract grow-out farms, where they are grown to an age of approximately five weeks. We supply our contract growers with the chicks, feed and veterinary services.

We typically enter into long-term non-exclusive agreements with some of our suppliers for future physical delivery of feed ingredients at established prices. All of our suppliers are subject to inspection bodies and applicable laws in their area of operations. We have multiple suppliers and we believe a low risk of concentration.

The prices of poultry feed may fluctuate significantly, including within short periods, due to several factors, including supply and demand of chicken and the prices of corn and soy meal, which are feed ingredients required for our vertically integrated operations. See “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to our Business and Industries — Our results of operations may be adversely affected by fluctuations in market prices for livestock and animal feed ingredients.” We try to manage some of these risks with risk and hedge management programs, including futures and options agreements. However, these strategies do not completely eliminate these risks. In addition, these programs may also limit gains from fluctuations in commodities prices. Furthermore, in 2012 we began migrating a majority of our North American finished goods sales contracts to cost-plus contracts with certain of our customers and market-based contracts for most of our customers, thereby mitigating our exposure to grain price fluctuations.

Processing Facilities

North America

We own and operate 25 chicken processing facilities in the United States, six chicken processing facilities in Mexico and one chicken processing facility in Puerto Rico. For more information about our chicken processing facilities and processing capacities in the United States, Mexico and Puerto Rico, see “— Properties — Operating Facilities — Pilgrim’s Pride Segment.”

As a vertically-integrated chicken processor, we also own and operate rendering plants, feed mills and hatcheries in the United States, Mexico and Puerto Rico.

Europe

We own and operate four fresh chicken processing facilities, two pork processing facilities, one lamb processing facility and two hog farms in the United Kingdom. As a vertically-integrated chicken processor, we also own and operate feed mills and hatcheries in the United Kingdom.

We conduct our value-added and prepared food operations in Europe through 24 processing facilities.

For more information about our chicken, value-added, branded and prepared food processing facilities and processing capacities in the United Kingdom and Europe, see “— Properties — Operating Facilities — Pilgrim’s Pride Segment.”

Australia Segment

Products, Sales and Marketing

The majority of our beef revenues from our operations in Australia are generated from the sale of fresh beef products (including fresh and frozen chuck cuts, rib cuts, loin cuts, round cuts, thin meats, ground beef, offal and other products). We also sell value-added and branded beef products (including frozen cooked and pre-cooked beef,

corned cooked beef, beef cubes and consumer-ready products, such as hamburgers and sausages). We also operate lamb, pork and fish processing facilities in Australia and New Zealand. We sell these products in the countries where we operate our facilities, which we classify as domestic sales, and elsewhere, which we classify as export sales.

The majority of our beef products are derived from grass-fed cattle. However, we also sell beef products derived from grain-fed cattle, which provide higher quality meat and command a premium price, primarily to Japan.

We also provide cattle “hotelling” services in Australia. We operate several feedlots that provide custom feeds for other producers on an opportunistic basis, with a one-time feeding capacity of more than 150,000 cattle. While the feedlot operator generally sells the cattle on behalf of the owner (deducting any final feed and care costs for fattening the animal and delivering the fattened animal to the meat processor from the sale proceeds), the ultimate risk of the cattle going unsold is borne by the cattle’s owner, not the feedlot.

Our JBS Australia segment also includes Rivalea, a hog breeding and processing business in Australia we acquired on January 4, 2022, and Huon, an Australian salmon aquaculture company we acquired on November 17, 2021. This acquisition expands our presence in Australia as we enter into the salmon business.

Global Exports

Australia is an FMD-free country and does not implement vaccination programs against the disease. It also does not use growth hormones in a small part of its cattle herd and is therefore able to export to any country in the world.

As a result of this division and the sanitary restrictions between the Pacific Block and the Atlantic Block, we believe that our U.S. export operations of fresh beef today do not directly compete with our parent company’s Brazilian and Argentine export operations of fresh beef in our main export destinations. Although JBS S.A. is a large exporter of beef to the European Union, for example, we do not have relevant export volume to the European Union because of its restrictions on beef treated with growth hormones. Consequently, we do not have formal arrangements with JBS S.A. to coordinate our exports in our export markets. However, to the extent that sanitary restrictions change in the future, we could become direct competitors of our parent company in certain export markets.

Raw Materials

The primary raw materials for our Australia and New Zealand processing operations are live cattle, lamb, pork and fish. Our Australian cattle procurement function is focused on efficiently sourcing both grass-fed cattle and feeder cattle for our grain-fed business. Our cattle are primarily sourced from third party suppliers with specific weight and grade characteristics. This process helps ensure that the cattle we source meet our future order requirements.

Processing Facilities

In Australia, we own and operate seven standalone beef processing plants, including the largest and what we believe to be the most technologically advanced facility in that country, one combined beef and lamb processing plant, two standalone lamb processing plants and one other combined beef and lamb processing plant, three pork processing plants and two fish processing plants. We also operate seven value-added facilities and eight retail locations and 35 hog farms in Australia and one value-add facility in New Zealand. Our facilities are strategically located to access raw materials in a cost effective manner and to service our global customer base. We also operate one hide processing facility in Australia. For more information about our beef, lamb and pork operating facilities in Australia and New Zealand, see “— Properties — Operating Facilities — Australia Segment.”

Since 2007, we have made capital and operational expenditures, including the installation of plate freezers and value-added variety meats capture technology. We believe these expenditures have enhanced product quality, improved customer satisfaction and increased sales potential. We have equipped our facilities to process value-added products and consumer-ready products. Our facilities produce additional value-added products, including seasoned and marinated beef items. The design of our facilities emphasizes worker safety to ensure regulatory compliance and to reduce worker injuries. Our facilities are also designed to reduce waste products and emissions and dispose of waste in accordance with applicable environmental standards.

All products are subject to stringent animal husbandry and food safety procedures. Our processing plants are subject to extensive regulation and inspection by the Australian government, through the Australian Quarantine Inspection Service (“AQIS”), the Australian equivalent of the USDA. Our Australian processing plants are currently in compliance with all AQIS international customer requirements. Our Dinmore and Beef City facilities are European Union-certified facilities, which enable us to export primal cuts to Europe. Our feedlots provide a clean and scientific feeding regimen to ensure that safe grain-fed products are delivered to our customers.

Others Segment

Our Others segment includes our global leather business, our Italian value-added and branded beef business and our trading companies.

We operate several hide tanneries around the world, including: one in Argentina, one in Uruguay, one in Mexico, one in Portugal, one in Vietnam and one in Italy.

Distribution and Transportation

Our distribution and transportation network enables us to sell our products throughout the world and is fundamental to our strategy of expanding into new markets and consolidating our safe and high-quality services in markets in which we already operate. We continue to seek innovative solutions to accomplish this mission. Our distribution network consists of distribution centers and sales offices.

The table below sets forth our owned and leased distribution centers by location as of December 31, 2023:

South America

Our transportation network in Brazil consists of owned and outsourced trucks for distribution and transportation of raw material. We use this fleet to transport raw materials, including cattle, grains and chicken to our processing plants and export finished products to various ports throughout Brazil, as well as other vehicles that serve our direct distribution network of domestic retailers and end consumers.

In order to facilitate export logistics, we have an inland container terminal on land located in Cubatão, São Paulo (near the Port of Santos, the largest port in Latin America), which we purchased in October 2007.

North America

Our transportation network in the United States consists of owned or leased trucks in the United States that are especially equipped to transport raw materials and finished products. We also utilize third-party shipping companies that provide us with additional trucks to transport our raw materials and finished products. Our diesel fuel costs are not significant because fuel costs are generally borne by the customer and are therefore largely “passed through” to the buyer of the finished goods. We do not have long-term contracts to purchase diesel fuel since we purchase most of our fuel for our trucks on the national highway system in truck stops.

Europe

In Europe, we rely on a mix of owned and contractor-operated vehicles to transport live chickens from farms to our primary production sites in specialized humane high-welfare containers. We also rely on a mix of owned and contractor-operated refrigerated vehicles to move partly finished products between our various production sites for further processing. Once processed, our products are chilled or frozen and delivered to our customers. Chilled products typically move from the processing plant to the customer within one to two days.

For deliveries to customers, we outsource distribution using a number of distribution partners, which enables us to make use of a variety of flexible solutions provided by these logistics providers. Certain of our customers are involved in our product distribution process, either by handling all of their own delivery and distribution needs (effectively taking delivery of our products at the factory door) or by acting as contractors to back-haul certain products from Northern Ireland to destinations in Great Britain. In order to mitigate the risks associated with the refrigerated transportation of perishable items, we obtain insurance for loss of goods and we secure contractual provisions transferring some of the risk to haulers. However, we are at times forced to bear certain of these risks ourselves.

Our warehousing operations are predominantly focused at site level, with external cold storage locations available for use, as needed, but with a focus on minimizing their use to reduce costs. A dedicated internal team drives planning for logistical processes to ensure that operations are as low cost but as flexible as possible while maintaining the highest levels of customer service.

Our poultry by-products typically have a longer lag time between processing and delivery to the customer.

Australia and New Zealand

Our distribution network in Australia and New Zealand varies by product type. Our distribution facilities in Australia and New Zealand are strategically located near certain of our processing plants. We also sell our products to foodservice distributors that further distribute our products to restaurants and hotel chains and other customers. These foodservice distributors purchase our products from our processing plants.

Properties

Operating Facilities

The following tables set forth the number and aggregate capacities of our processing facilities by business segment and location as of December 31, 2023:

Brazil Segment

____________

(1)      Capacity measured in head of cattle (beef processing plants) or hides (hide processing plants).

____________

(1)      Prepared food products plants process fresh and frozen beef and other raw materials into ready-to-eat meals.

Seara Segment

____________

(1)      Capacity measured in broilers (fresh chicken processing plants) or hogs (fresh pork processing plants).

____________

(1)      Prepared food products plants process fresh and frozen chicken, pork, beef, margarine and other raw materials into ready-to-eat meals.

Beef North America Segment

____________

(1)      The value-added facilities in the Beef North America segment also process pork products.

The operations from the Vivera Business Acquisition are included in our Beef North America segment and include three production facilities and a research and development center located in the Netherlands.

Pork USA Segment

Pilgrim’s Pride Segment

____________

(1)      Prepared food products plants process fresh and frozen chicken and pork and other raw materials into ready-to-eat meals.

(2)      Five of the United Kingdom facilities prepare meal kits with a capacity of approximately 4,200 meals per week.

Australia Segment

____________

(1)      Includes one combined beef, lamb and sheep processing plant.

____________

(1)      Includes one combined beef, lamb and sheep processing plant.