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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund Inc, et al. – ‘485BPOS’ on 5/29/18

On:  Tuesday, 5/29/18, at 4:58pm ET   ·   Effective:  5/29/18   ·   Accession #:  1133228-18-3227   ·   File #s:  33-23166, 811-05624

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  As Of                Filer                Filing    For·On·As Docs:Size              Issuer               Agent

 5/29/18  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc    485BPOS     5/29/18   12:3.9M                                   Appatura/FAGlobal Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio Class A (MCQAX) — Class C (MCQCX) — Class I (MCQIX) — Class IS (MCQJX)Multi-Asset Real Return Portfolio Class A (MRJAX) — Class C (MRJCX) — Class I (MRJIX) — Class R6 (MRJSX)

Post-Effective Amendment
Filing Table of Contents

Document/Exhibit                   Description                      Pages   Size 

 1: 485BPOS     Post-Effective Amendment                            HTML   1.45M 
 2: EX-99.(A)(85)  Articles Supplementary                           HTML     67K 
 3: EX-99.(D)(1)  Amended and Restated Investment Advisory          HTML     45K 
                          Agreement                                              
 4: EX-99.(D)(2)  Amended and Restated Sub-Advisory Agreement       HTML    107K 
 5: EX-99.(D)(3)  Amended and Restated Sub-Advisory Agreement       HTML     29K 
 6: EX-99.(G)   Custodian Contract                                  HTML    277K 
 7: EX-99.(H)(2)  Transfer Agency and Service Agreement             HTML    197K 
 8: EX-99.(I)(63)  Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP               HTML     11K 
 9: EX-99.(I)(64)  Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP                     HTML     21K 
10: EX-99.(M)(1)  Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan    HTML     23K 
11: EX-99.(M)(3)  Distribution and Shareholder Services Plan        HTML     20K 
12: EX-99.(N)   Amended and Restated Multiple Class 18F-3 Plan      HTML     58K 


485BPOS   —   Post-Effective Amendment
Document Table of Contents

Page (sequential)   (alphabetic) Top
 
11st Page  –  Filing Submission
"Back To Table of Contents
"Fund Summary
"Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio
"Real Assets Portfolio
"Details of the Funds
"Prior Performance of Similar Account
"Additional Information About the Funds' Investment Strategies and Related Risks
"Fund Management
"Shareholder Information
"Financial Highlights
"Appendix A
"Investment Policies and Strategies
"Investment Limitations
"Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
"Purchase and Redemption of Shares
"Account Policies and Features
"Management of the Company
"Investment Advisory and Other Services
"Distribution and Shareholder Services Plans
"Brokerage Practices
"General Information
"Taxes
"Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities
"Performance Information
"Potential Conflicts of Interest
"Financial Statements
"Appendix A -- Morgan Stanley Investment Management Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures
"A-1
"Appendix B -- Description of Ratings
"B-1

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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 29, 2018

Registration Nos.: 033-23166

811-05624

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

 

FORM N-1A
 
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
  UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 x
  Pre-Effective Amendment No. ¨
  Post-Effective Amendment No. 205 x
     
and/or
 
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY
  ACT OF 1940 x
  Amendment No. 206 x

 

 

 

Morgan Stanley

Institutional Fund, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

522 Fifth Avenue

New York, New York 10036

(Address of Principal Executive Office)

 

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (800) 548-7786

 

Mary E. Mullin, Esq.
522 Fifth Avenue

New York, New York 10036

(Name and Address of Agent for Service)

 

 

 

Copy to:

 

  Carl Frischling, Esq.   Stuart M. Strauss, Esq.
  Perkins Coie LLP   Dechert LLP
  30 Rockefeller Plaza   1095 Avenue of the Americas
  New York, New York 10112   New York, New York 10036

 

 

 

Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering:

 

As soon as practicable after this Post-Effective Amendment becomes effective.

It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):

 

xImmediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
¨On (date) pursuant to paragraph (b)
¨60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
¨On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
¨75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)
¨On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485.

 

Amending the Prospectus and Updating Financial Statements

 

If appropriate, check the following box:

¨This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.

 

 

 

 C: 

 

 

 

 

 

Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. 

Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio
 

Real Assets Portfolio
 

Prospectus  |  May 29, 2018

Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio
 Share Class

Ticker Symbol 

Class I 

MCQIX 

Class A 

MCQAX 

Class C 

MCQCX 

Class IS 

MCQJX 

Real Assets Portfolio
 Share Class

Ticker Symbol 

Class I 

MRJIX 

Class A 

MRJAX 

Class C 

MRJCX 

Class IS 

MRJSX 

The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

IFIGLCONREPRO


 

Table of Contents

 

Page

Fund Summary

1

Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio

1

Real Assets Portfolio

4

Details of the Funds

8

Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio

8

Prior Performance of Similar Account

10

Real Assets Portfolio

11

Additional Information About the Funds' Investment Strategies and Related Risks

14

Fund Management

19

Shareholder Information

21

Financial Highlights

33

Appendix A

34


 

Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Fund Summary

Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio

Investment Objective 

The Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio (the “Fund”) seeks to provide current income and long-term capital appreciation.

Fees and Expenses 

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. For purchases of Class A shares, you may qualify for a sales charge discount if the cumulative net asset value per share (“NAV”) of Class A shares of the Fund being purchased in a single transaction, together with the NAV of any Class A and Class C shares of the Fund already held in Related Accounts (as defined in the section of the Prospectus entitled “Shareholder Information—Sales Charges Applicable to Purchases of Class A Shares”) as of the date of the transaction as well as Class A, Class B, Class L and Class C shares of any other Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund (as defined in the section of the Prospectus entitled “Shareholder Information—Exchange Privilege”) and including shares of Morgan Stanley Money Market Funds (as defined in the section of the Prospectus entitled “Shareholder Information—Exchange Privilege”) that you acquired in an exchange from Class A shares of the Fund or Class A shares of another Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund already held in Related Accounts as of the date of the transaction, amounts to $25,000 or more. More information about this combined purchase discount and other discounts is available from your authorized financial intermediary, on page 23 of the Prospectus in the section entitled “Shareholder Information—Sales Charges Applicable to Purchases of Class A Shares” and in Appendix A attached to the Prospectus.

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) 

 

Class I

Class A

Class C

Class IS

 

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price) 

None 

5.25% 

None 

None 

 

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) (as a percentage based on the lesser of the offering price or NAV at redemption) 

None

None1

1.00%2

None 

 

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

 

Class I

Class A

Class C

Class IS

 

Advisory Fee 

0.75% 

0.75% 

0.75% 

0.75% 

 

Distribution and/or Shareholder Service (12b-1) Fee 

None 

0.25% 

1.00% 

None 

 

Other Expenses3

1.65% 

1.75% 

1.75% 

1.63% 

 

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses4

2.40% 

2.75% 

3.50% 

2.38% 

 

Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement4

1.45% 

1.45% 

1.45% 

1.48% 

 

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement4

0.95% 

1.30% 

2.05% 

0.90% 

 

Example 

The example below is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. 

The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund, your investment has a 5% return each year and the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same (except that the example incorporates the fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement arrangement for only the first year). Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 

If You SOLD Your Shares 

 

 

 

1 Year

3 Years

 

Class I 

$97 

$609 

 

Class A 

$650 

$1,203 

 

Class C 

$308 

$940 

 

Class IS 

$92 

$600 

 

If You HELD Your Shares 

 

 

 

1 Year

3 Years

 

Class I 

$97 

$609 

 

Class A 

$650 

$1,203 

 

Class C 

$208 

$940 

 

Class IS 

$92 

$600 

 

1 Investments in Class A shares that are not subject to any sales charges at the time of purchase are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) of 1.00% that will be imposed if you sell your shares within 18 months after the last day of the month of purchase, except for certain specific circumstances. See “Shareholder Information—How to Redeem Fund Shares” for further information about the CDSC waiver categories.
2 The Class C CDSC is only applicable if you sell your shares within one year after purchase. See “Shareholder Information—How to Redeem Fund Shares” for a complete discussion of the CDSC.
3 Other Expenses have been estimated for the current fiscal year.
4 The Fund’s “Adviser,” Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc., has agreed to reduce its advisory fee and/or reimburse the Fund so that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses, excluding certain investment related expenses, taxes, interest and other extraordinary expenses (including litigation), will not exceed 0.95% for Class I, 1.30% for Class A, 2.05% for Class C and 0.90% for Class IS. The fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements will continue for at least one year or until such time as the Board of Directors of Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. (the “Company”) acts to discontinue all or a portion of such waivers and/or reimbursements when it deems such action is appropriate.

Portfolio Turnover 

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect Fund performance. Because the Fund had not commenced operations as of the most recent fiscal year end, no portfolio turnover rate is available for the Fund.

1


 

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Fund Summary

Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio (Con’t)

Principal Investment Strategies 

Under normal circumstances, at least 80% of the Fund’s assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) will be invested in securities of companies in the real estate industry, including real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), real estate operating companies (“REOCs”) and similar entities established outside the United States (“foreign real estate companies”). This policy may be changed without shareholder approval; however, you would be notified upon 60 days’ notice in writing of any changes. The Fund has a fundamental policy (i.e., one that cannot be changed without shareholder approval) of investing 25% or more of its total assets in the real estate industry. 

The Fund will invest primarily in companies located in the developed countries of North America, Europe and Asia, but may also invest in companies located in emerging markets. Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 40% of its total assets in the securities of issuers located outside of the United States. 

The Fund’s Adviser and the Fund’s “Sub-Advisers,” Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited (“MSIM Limited”) and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Company (“MSIM Company”), actively manage the Fund using a disciplined, bottom-up driven investment methodology. The stock selection process for the Fund is based on the Adviser’s and Sub-Advisers’ bottom-up valuation models, which are maintained for the global investable universe of publicly-traded real estate companies. Each security is screened for value using a variety of measurements, such as net asset value, implied value per square foot, implied property cap rate (i.e., net operating income generated by the company’s properties divided by the enterprise value of the company) and comparison of levered and unlevered cash flow multiples across comparable companies (i.e., a measurement of a company’s cash flow and cost of capital both before and after the satisfaction of any financial obligations). While value, and specifically underlying property asset value, is the principal consideration in the selection of individual securities, the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers also consider company management’s ability to create future value by considering corporate and qualitative factors such as company structure, management tenure and depth, and access to capital. The Adviser actively selects positions in a limited number of equity securities, independent of any particular index. 

The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers generally consider selling a portfolio holding if the holding’s share price shifts to the point where the position no longer represents an attractive relative value opportunity versus the underlying value of its assets and/or growth prospects or versus other securities in the investment universe. 

The Adviser and Sub-Advisers may consider information about environmental, social and governance issues (also referred to as ESG) in its bottom-up stock selection process when making investment decisions. The Adviser and Sub-Advisers may engage with company management regarding corporate governance practices as well as what the Adviser and Sub-Advisers deem to

be materially important environmental and/or social issues facing a company.

Principal Risks 

There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective, and you can lose money investing in this Fund. The principal risks of investing in the Fund include: 

 

Equity Securities. In general, prices of equity securities are more volatile than those of fixed income securities. The prices of equity securities fluctuate, and sometimes widely fluctuate, in response to activities specific to the issuer of the security as well as factors unrelated to the fundamental condition of the issuer, including general market, economic and political conditions.

 

Small and Medium Capitalization Companies. Investments in small and medium capitalization companies may involve greater risks than investments in larger, more established companies. The securities issued by small and medium capitalization companies may be less liquid and such companies may have more limited markets, financial resources and product lines, and may lack the depth of management of larger companies.

 

REITs, REOCs and Foreign Real Estate Companies. Investing in REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies exposes investors to the risks of owning real estate directly, as well as to risks that relate specifically to the way in which REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies are organized and operated. Operating REITs and foreign real estate companies requires specialized management skills and the Fund indirectly bears management expenses along with the direct expenses of the Fund. REITs are also subject to certain provisions under federal tax law and the failure of a company to qualify as a REIT could have adverse consequences for the Fund. In addition, foreign real estate companies may be subject to the laws, rules and regulations governing those entities and their failure to comply with those laws, rules and regulations could negatively impact the performance of those entities.

 

Foreign and Emerging Market  Securities. Investments in foreign markets entail special risks such as currency, political, economic and market risks. There also may be greater market volatility, less reliable financial information, higher transaction and custody costs, decreased market liquidity and less government and exchange regulation associated with investments in foreign markets. In addition, investments in certain foreign markets that have historically been considered stable may become more volatile and subject to increased risk due to ongoing developments and changing conditions in such markets. Moreover, the growing interconnectivity of global economies and financial markets has increased the probability that adverse developments and conditions in one country or region will affect the stability of economies and financial markets in other countries or regions.  The risks of investing in emerging market countries are greater than the risks associated with investments in foreign developed countries.  In addition, the Fund’s investments in foreign issuers may be denominated in foreign currencies and
 

2


 

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Fund Summary

Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio (Con’t)

 

therefore, to the extent unhedged, the value of those investments will fluctuate with U.S. dollar exchange rates. 

 

Value Stocks. Value stocks are those stocks the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers believe to be undervalued in comparison to their peers, due to market, company-specific or other factors. The prices of value stocks, therefore, may be below average in relation to other measures. Different investment styles (e.g., “growth”, “value” or “quantitative”) tend to shift in and out of favor depending upon market and economic conditions and investor sentiment. The Fund may outperform or underperform other funds that invest in similar asset classes but employ different investment styles.

 

Non-Diversification. The Fund holds securities of a relatively small number of companies and is non-diversified. As a result, it may be more susceptible to an adverse event affecting a portfolio investment than a diversified portfolio and a decline in the value of that investment may cause the Fund’s overall value to decline to a greater degree than a diversified portfolio.
 

Shares of the Fund are not bank deposits and are not guaranteed or insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. 

Performance Information 

As of the date hereof, the Fund has not yet completed a full calendar year of investment operations. Upon the completion of a full calendar year of investment operations by the Fund, this section will include charts that provide some indication of the risks of an investment in the Fund, by showing the difference in annual total returns, highest and lowest quarterly returns and average annual total returns (before and after taxes) compared to a benchmark index selected for the Fund. Performance information for the Fund will be available online at www.morganstanley.com/im or by calling toll-free (800) 548-7786.

Fund Management 

Adviser. Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc. 

Sub-Advisers. Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Company. 

Portfolio Managers. The Fund is managed by the Global Listed Real Assets team. Information about the member primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund is shown below:

Name

Title with Adviser

Date Began
 Managing Fund

Theodore R. Bigman 

Managing Director 

Since inception 

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares 

The minimum initial investment generally is $5,000,000 for Class I shares and $1,000 for each of Class A and Class C shares of the Fund. To purchase Class IS shares, an investor must meet a minimum initial investment of $10,000,000 or be a defined contribution, defined benefit or other employer sponsored employee benefit plan, in each case provided that the plan trades

on an omnibus level, whether or not qualified under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and in each case subject to the discretion of the Adviser. The minimum initial investment may be waived for certain investments. For more information, please refer to the section of the Prospectus entitled “Shareholder Information—Minimum Investment Amounts.” 

Shares of the Fund may be purchased or sold on any day the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) is open for business directly from the Fund by mail (c/o DST Asset Manager Solutions, Inc., P.O. Box 219804, Kansas City, MO 64121-9804), by telephone (1-800-548-7786) or by contacting an authorized third-party, such as a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary that has entered into a selling agreement with the Fund’s “Distributor,” Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc. (each a “Financial Intermediary”). In addition, you can sell Fund shares at any time by enrolling in a systematic withdrawal plan. If you sell Class A shares or Class C shares, your net sale proceeds are reduced by the amount of any applicable CDSC. For more information, please refer to the sections of the Prospectus entitled “Shareholder Information—How To Purchase Fund Shares” and “—How To Redeem Fund Shares.”

Tax Information 

The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. 

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries 

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a Financial Intermediary (such as a bank), the Adviser and/or the Distributor may pay the Financial Intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments, which may be significant in amount, may create a conflict of interest by influencing the Financial Intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your Financial Intermediary’s web site for more information. 

3


 

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Fund Summary

Real Assets Portfolio

Investment Objective 

The Real Assets Portfolio (the “Fund”) seeks total return, targeted to be in excess of inflation, through capital appreciation and current income.

Fees and Expenses 

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. For purchases of Class A shares, you may qualify for a sales charge discount if the cumulative net asset value per share (“NAV”) of Class A shares of the Fund being purchased in a single transaction, together with the NAV of any Class A and Class C shares of the Fund already held in Related Accounts (as defined in the section of the Prospectus entitled “Shareholder Information—Sales Charges Applicable to Purchases of Class A Shares”) as of the date of the transaction as well as Class A, Class B, Class L and Class C shares of any other Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund (as defined in the section of the Prospectus entitled “Shareholder Information—Exchange Privilege”) and including shares of Morgan Stanley Money Market Funds (as defined in the section of the Prospectus entitled “Shareholder Information—Exchange Privilege”) that you acquired in an exchange from Class A shares of the Fund or Class A shares of another Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund already held in Related Accounts as of the date of the transaction, amounts to $25,000 or more. More information about this combined purchase discount and other discounts is available from your authorized financial intermediary, on page 23 of the Prospectus in the section entitled “Shareholder Information—Sales Charges Applicable to Purchases of Class A Shares” and in Appendix A attached to the Prospectus.

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) 

 

Class I

Class A

Class C

Class IS

 

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price) 

None 

5.25% 

None 

None 

 

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) (as a percentage based on the lesser of the offering price or NAV at redemption) 

None

None1

1.00%2

None 

 

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

 

Class I

Class A

Class C

Class IS

 

Advisory Fee 

0.60% 

0.60% 

0.60% 

0.60% 

 

Distribution and/or Shareholder Service (12b-1) Fee 

None 

0.25% 

1.00% 

None 

 

Other Expenses3

1.39% 

1.49% 

1.49% 

1.37% 

 

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses4

1.99% 

2.34% 

3.09% 

1.97% 

 

Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement4

1.19% 

1.19% 

1.19% 

1.22% 

 

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement4

0.80% 

1.15% 

1.90% 

0.75% 

 

Example 

The example below is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. 

The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund, your investment has a 5% return each year and the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same (except that the example incorporates the fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement arrangement for only the first year). Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 

If You SOLD Your Shares 

 

 

 

1 Year

3 Years

 

Class I 

$82 

$509 

 

Class A 

$636 

$1,109 

 

Class C 

$293 

$842 

 

Class IS 

$77 

$500 

 

If You HELD Your Shares 

 

 

 

1 Year

3 Years

 

Class I 

$82 

$509 

 

Class A 

$636 

$1,109 

 

Class C 

$193 

$842 

 

Class IS 

$77 

$500 

 

1 Investments in Class A shares that are not subject to any sales charges at the time of purchase are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) of 1.00% that will be imposed if you sell your shares within 18 months after the last day of the month of purchase, except for certain specific circumstances. See “Shareholder Information—How to Redeem Fund Shares” for further information about the CDSC waiver categories.
2 The Class C CDSC is only applicable if you sell your shares within one year after purchase. See “Shareholder Information—How to Redeem Fund Shares” for a complete discussion of the CDSC.
3 Other Expenses have been estimated for the current fiscal year.
4 The Fund’s “Adviser,” Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc., has agreed to reduce its advisory fee and/or reimburse the Fund so that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses, excluding certain investment related expenses, taxes, interest and other extraordinary expenses (including litigation), will not exceed 0.80% for Class I, 1.15% for Class A, 1.90% for Class C and 0.75% for Class IS. The fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements will continue for at least one year or until such time as the Board of Directors of Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. (the “Company”) acts to discontinue all or a portion of such waivers and/or reimbursements when it deems such action is appropriate.

Portfolio Turnover 

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect Fund performance. Because the Fund had not commenced operations as of the most recent fiscal year end, no portfolio turnover rate is available for the Fund.

4


 

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Fund Summary

Real Assets Portfolio (Con’t)

Principal Investment Strategies 

Under normal circumstances, at least 80% of the Fund’s assets will be invested in “real assets.” Real assets may include publicly-traded real estate (real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) and real estate operating companies (“REOCs”)), publicly-traded infrastructure companies, equities, including natural resource related equities, commodity-linked investments (including exposure to precious metals), master limited partnerships (“MLPs”), Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (“TIPS”) and other fixed income securities. This policy may be changed without shareholder approval; however, you would be notified upon 60 days’ notice in writing of any changes. Exposures to these categories of real assets investments may change from time to time. The Fund has a fundamental policy (i.e., one that cannot be changed without shareholder approval) of investing 25% or more of its total assets in the real estate and infrastructure group of industries. The Fund will invest in companies or issuers located throughout the world, including investments in foreign securities and emerging markets.  

The Fund’s Adviser has appointed an investment committee consisting of the Fund’s portfolio managers and other investment professionals associated with the Adviser and/or the Fund’s “Sub-Advisers,” Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited (“MSIM Limited”) and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Company (“MSIM Company”), to periodically review the Fund’s asset allocation and allocation targets. Based on the input of the investment committee, the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers may adjust the allocations of the various real asset categories. Members of the investment committee will collaborate on an ongoing basis and will allocate and rebalance the Fund’s assets across each manager’s underlying and independently managed investment strategies on an opportunistic basis given current market conditions. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will target an investment allocation of 20% to 35% in global listed real estate, 20% to 35% in global listed infrastructure, 10% to 35% in inflation-sensitive equities, 20% to 30% in inflation-sensitive fixed income securities and 0% to 5% in commodity-linked investments. Actual allocations will vary and may move and remain outside of these ranges for a variety of reasons, including, but not limited to, changes in investment outlook, market movements and cash flows into or out of the Fund. 

When making allocation decisions, the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers conduct quantitative and qualitative analysis, aiming to optimize the balance between return potential and risk across the publicly-traded real asset categories. Across the underlying real asset categories, the Adviser’s and Sub-Advisers’ approach combines a top-down process with bottom-up stock selection. 

The Fund may use certain derivatives for the purposes of hedging, risk management, portfolio management or to earn income. These derivative instruments will be counted toward the Fund’s 80% policy discussed above to the extent they have economic characteristics similar to the real assets securities included within that policy.

Principal Risks 

There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective, and you can lose money investing in this Fund. The principal risks of investing in the Fund include: 

 

Equity Securities. In general, prices of equity securities are more volatile than those of fixed income securities. The prices of equity securities fluctuate, and sometimes widely fluctuate, in response to activities specific to the issuer of the security as well as factors unrelated to the fundamental condition of the issuer, including general market, economic and political conditions.

 

Small and Medium Capitalization Companies. Investments in small and medium capitalization companies may involve greater risks than investments in larger, more established companies. The securities issued by small and medium capitalization companies may be less liquid and such companies may have more limited markets, financial resources and product lines, and may lack the depth of management of larger companies.

 

REITs, REOCs and Foreign Real Estate Companies. Investing in REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies exposes investors to the risks of owning real estate directly, as well as to risks that relate specifically to the way in which REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies are organized and operated. Operating REITs and foreign real estate companies requires specialized management skills and the Fund indirectly bears management expenses along with the direct expenses of the Fund. REITs are also subject to certain provisions under federal tax law and the failure of a company to qualify as a REIT could have adverse consequences for the Fund. In addition, foreign real estate companies may be subject to the laws, rules and regulations governing those entities and their failure to comply with those laws, rules and regulations could negatively impact the performance of those entities.

 

Commodities. Trading in commodity interests may involve substantial risks and investment exposure to the commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, such as stocks and bonds. The commodities markets may fluctuate widely based on a variety of factors, including changes in overall market movements, domestic and foreign political and economic events and policies, war, acts of terrorism, changes in domestic or foreign interest rates and/or investor expectations concerning interest rates, domestic and foreign inflation rates and investment and trading activities of mutual funds, hedge funds and commodities funds.

 

Natural Resources. Investments in securities of natural resources companies may be affected by a variety of factors, including global political and economic developments, natural disasters in major natural resource areas, fluctuations in commodity prices, government regulations and fluctuating demand caused by, among other things, rising interest rates, general economic conditions and energy conservation efforts.  

 

Master Limited Partnerships. Investments in securities of MLPs involve risks that differ from investments in common
 

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Fund Summary

Real Assets Portfolio (Con’t)

 

stock, including risks related to limited control and limited rights to vote on matters affecting the MLP, risks related to potential conflicts of interest between the MLP and the MLP’s general partner, cash flow risks, dilution risks and risks related to the general partner’s right to require unit-holders to sell their common units at an undesirable time or price. Certain MLP securities may trade in lower volumes due to their smaller capitalizations, and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements and lower market liquidity. MLPs are generally considered interest-rate sensitive investments. During periods of interest rate volatility, these investments could have poor returns.

 

Infrastructure Companies. By investing in infrastructure companies, the Fund has greater exposure to the potential adverse economic, regulatory, political and other changes affecting companies operating within the infrastructure industry. Companies within the infrastructure industry are subject to a variety of factors that may adversely affect their business or operations, including high interest costs in connection with capital construction and improvement programs, high leverage, costs associated with compliance with and changes in environmental and other regulations, difficulty in raising capital in adequate amounts and on reasonable terms in periods of high inflation and unsettled capital markets or government budgetary constraints that impact publicly funded projects, the effects of economic slowdown or recession and surplus capacity, increased competition from other providers of services, uncertainties concerning the availability of fuel at reasonable prices, the effects of energy conservation policies and other factors.

 

Exchange-Traded Funds. The Fund may invest in exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”). ETFs seek to track the performance of various portions or segments of the equity and fixed income markets. Shares of ETFs have many of the same risks as direct investments in common stocks or bonds. In addition, the market value of ETF shares may differ from their NAV because the supply and demand in the market for ETF shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the underlying securities.

 

Foreign and Emerging Market  Securities. Investments in foreign markets entail special risks such as currency, political, economic and market risks. There also may be greater market volatility, less reliable financial information, higher transaction and custody costs, decreased market liquidity and less government and exchange regulation associated with investments in foreign markets. In addition, investments in certain foreign markets that have historically been considered stable may become more volatile and subject to increased risk due to ongoing developments and changing conditions in such markets. Moreover, the growing interconnectivity of global economies and financial markets has increased the probability that adverse developments and conditions in one country or region will affect the stability of economies and financial markets in other countries or regions.  The risks of investing in emerging market countries are greater than the risks associated with investments in foreign developed countries.  In addition, the Fund’s investments in foreign
 

 

issuers may be denominated in foreign currencies and therefore, to the extent unhedged, the value of those investments will fluctuate with U.S. dollar exchange rates. 

 

Fixed-Income Securities. Fixed-income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on its obligations (i.e., credit risk) and are subject to price volatility resulting from, among other things, interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity (i.e., market risk). The historically low interest rate environment increases the risk associated with rising interest rates, including the potential for periods of volatility and increased redemptions. The Fund may face a heightened level of interest rate risk, especially since the Federal Reserve Board has ended its quantitative easing program and has begun to raise rates. The Fund may be subject to certain liquidity risks that may result from the lack of an active market and the reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed-income securities. The Fund is not limited as to the maturities (when a debt security provides its final payment) of the securities in which it may invest. Securities with longer durations are likely to be more sensitive to changes in interest rates, generally making them more volatile than securities with shorter durations. Lower rated fixed-income securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled. TIPS are subject to the effects of changes in market interest rates caused by factors other than inflation (real interest rates). In general, the price of TIPS tend to decline when real interest rates increase. Interest payments on TIPS will fluctuate as the principal and/or interest is periodically adjusted to a specified rate of inflation and can be unpredictable.

 

Value Stocks. Value stocks are those stocks the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers believe to be undervalued in comparison to their peers, due to market, company-specific or other factors. The prices of value stocks, therefore, may be below average in relation to other measures. Different investment styles (e.g., “growth”, “value” or “quantitative”) tend to shift in and out of favor depending upon market and economic conditions and investor sentiment. The Fund may outperform or underperform other funds that invest in similar asset classes but employ different investment styles.

 

Derivatives. A derivative instrument often has risks similar to its underlying asset and may have additional risks, including imperfect correlation between the value of the derivative and the underlying asset, risks of default by the counterparty to certain transactions, magnification of losses incurred due to changes in the market value of the securities, instruments, indices or interest rates to which the derivative instrument relates and risks that the transactions may not be liquid. Certain derivative transactions may give rise to a form of leverage. Leverage magnifies the potential for gain and the risk of loss.

 

LiquidityThe Fund’s investments in restricted and illiquid securities may entail greater risk than investments in other types of securities. These securities may be more difficult to
 

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Fund Summary

Real Assets Portfolio (Con’t)

 

sell, particularly in times of market turmoil. Additionally, the market for certain investments deemed liquid at the time of purchase may become illiquid under adverse market or economic conditions. Illiquid securities may be more difficult to value. If the Fund is forced to sell an illiquid security to fund redemptions or for other cash needs, it may be forced to sell the security at a loss or for less than its fair value.

 

Asset Allocation Risk. The Fund’s allocations to the various underlying and independently managed investment strategies may cause the Fund to underperform a particular individual strategy or other funds, including those with a similar investment objective. It is possible that Fund assets could be allocated to underlying and independently managed investment strategies that perform poorly or underperform other investments under various market conditions.
 

Shares of the Fund are not bank deposits and are not guaranteed or insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. 

Performance Information 

As of the date hereof, the Fund has not yet completed a full calendar year of investment operations. Upon the completion of a full calendar year of investment operations by the Fund, this section will include charts that provide some indication of the risks of an investment in the Fund, by showing the difference in annual total returns, highest and lowest quarterly returns and average annual total returns (before and after taxes) compared to a benchmark index selected for the Fund. Performance information for the Fund will be available online at www.morganstanley.com/im or by calling toll-free (800) 548-7786.

Fund Management 

Adviser. Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc. 

Sub-Advisers. Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Company.

Portfolio Managers. The Fund is managed by members of the Global Listed Real Assets team, Portfolio Solutions Group, Global Multi-Asset team and Global Fixed Income team. Information about the members jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund is shown below:

Name

Title with Adviser

Date Began
 Managing Fund

Theodore R. Bigman 

Managing Director 

Since inception 

Matthew King 

Managing Director 

Since inception 

Ryan Meredith 

Managing Director 

Since inception 

Mark A. Bavoso 

Managing Director 

Since inception 

Christian G. Roth 

Managing Director 

Since inception 

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares 

The minimum initial investment generally is $5,000,000 for Class I shares and $1,000 for each of Class A and Class C shares of the Fund. To purchase Class IS shares, an investor must meet

a minimum initial investment of $10,000,000 or be a defined contribution, defined benefit or other employer sponsored employee benefit plan, in each case provided that the plan trades on an omnibus level, whether or not qualified under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and in each case subject to the discretion of the Adviser. The minimum initial investment may be waived for certain investments. For more information, please refer to the section of the Prospectus entitled “Shareholder Information—Minimum Investment Amounts.” 

Shares of the Fund may be purchased or sold on any day the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) is open for business directly from the Fund by mail (c/o DST Asset Manager Solutions, Inc., P.O. Box 219804, Kansas City, MO 64121-9804), by telephone (1-800-548-7786) or by contacting an authorized third-party, such as a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary that has entered into a selling agreement with the Fund’s “Distributor,” Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc. (each a “Financial Intermediary”). In addition, you can sell Fund shares at any time by enrolling in a systematic withdrawal plan. If you sell Class A shares or Class C shares, your net sale proceeds are reduced by the amount of any applicable CDSC. For more information, please refer to the sections of the Prospectus entitled “Shareholder Information—How To Purchase Fund Shares” and “—How To Redeem Fund Shares.”

Tax Information 

The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. 

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries 

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a Financial Intermediary (such as a bank), the Adviser and/or the Distributor may pay the Financial Intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments, which may be significant in amount, may create a conflict of interest by influencing the Financial Intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your Financial Intermediary’s web site for more information. 

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Details of the Funds

Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio

Investment Objective

The Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio seeks to provide current income and long-term capital appreciation.

The Fund’s investment objective may be changed by the Company’s Board of Directors without shareholder approval, but no change is anticipated. If the Fund’s investment objective changes, the Fund will notify shareholders and shareholders should consider whether the Fund remains an appropriate investment in light of the change.

Approach

The Adviser and Sub-Advisers seek to provide current income and long-term capital appreciation by investing primarily in equity securities of companies in the real estate industry located throughout the world, including REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies. The Fund will invest primarily in companies located in the developed countries of North America, Europe and Asia, but may also invest in companies located in emerging markets. The Adviser’s and Sub-Advisers’ approach emphasizes a bottom-up stock selection. Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 40% of its total assets in the securities of issuers located outside of the United States.

Process

The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers actively manage the Fund using a disciplined, bottom-up driven investment methodology. The stock selection process for the Fund is based on the Adviser’s and Sub-Advisers’ bottom-up valuation models, which are maintained for the global investable universe of publicly-traded real estate companies. Each security is screened for value using a variety of measurements, such as net asset value, implied value per square foot, implied property cap rate (i.e., net operating income generated by the company’s properties divided by the enterprise value of the company) and comparison of levered and unlevered cash flow multiples across comparable companies (i.e., a measurement of a company’s cash flow and cost of capital both before and after the satisfaction of any financial obligations). While value, and specifically underlying property asset value, is the principal consideration in the selection of individual securities, the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers also consider company management’s ability to create future value by considering corporate and qualitative factors such as company structure, management tenure and depth, and access to capital. The Adviser actively selects positions in a limited number of equity securities, independent of any particular index. The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers generally consider selling a portfolio holding if the holding’s share price shifts to the point where the position no longer represents an attractive relative value opportunity versus the underlying value of its assets and/or growth prospects or versus other securities in the investment universe.

Under normal circumstances, at least 80% of the Fund’s assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) will be invested in securities of companies in the real estate industry, including REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies. This policy may be changed without shareholder approval; however, you would be notified upon 60 days’ notice in writing of any changes. The Fund has a fundamental policy (i.e., one that cannot be changed without shareholder approval) of investing 25% or more of its total assets in the real estate industry.

A company is considered to be in the real estate industry if it (i) derives at least 50% of its revenues or profits from the ownership, construction, management, financing or sale of residential, commercial or industrial real estate or (ii) has at least 50% of the fair market value of its assets invested in residential, commercial or industrial real estate.

The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers may consider information about environmental, social and governance issues (also referred to as ESG) in its bottom-up stock selection process when making investment decisions. The Adviser and Sub-Advisers may engage with company management regarding corporate governance practices as well as what the Adviser and Sub-Advisers deem to be materially important environmental and/or social issues facing a company.

Risks

The Fund’s principal investment strategies are subject to the following principal risks:

Investing in the Fund may be appropriate for you if you are willing to accept the risks and uncertainties of investing in a portfolio of equity securities of real estate companies located throughout the world, including companies located in emerging market or developing countries. In general, prices of equity securities are more volatile than those of fixed income securities. The prices of equity securities fluctuate, and sometimes widely fluctuate, in response to activities specific to the issuer of the security as well as factors unrelated to the fundamental condition of the issuer, including general market, economic and political conditions.

In addition, at times, small and medium capitalization equity securities may underperform relative to the overall market. Investments in small and medium capitalization companies may involve greater risk than investments in larger, more established companies. The securities issued by small and medium capitalization companies may be less liquid and their prices subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements. In addition, small and medium capitalization companies may have more limited markets, financial resources and product lines, and may lack the depth of management of larger companies. The Adviser’s and/or Sub-Advisers’ perception that a stock is under- or over-valued may not be accurate or may not be realized.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Details of the Funds

Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio (Con’t)

Investing in real estate companies entails the risks of the real estate business generally, including sensitivity to economic and business cycles, changing demographic patterns and government actions. In addition, at times the Fund’s market sector, global real estate securities, may underperform relative to other sectors or the overall market.

Investing in REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies exposes investors to the risks of owning real estate directly, as well as to risks that relate specifically to the way in which REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies are organized and operated. REITs and similar non-U.S. entities generally invest directly in real estate, in mortgages or in some combination of the two. REOCs and similar non-U.S. entities are entities that generally are engaged directly in real estate management or development activities. The REITs in which the Fund will primarily invest are equity REITs and similar non-U.S. entities. Operating REITs and foreign real estate companies requires specialized management skills and the Fund indirectly bears management expenses along with the direct expenses of the Fund. Individual REITs and similar non-U.S. entities may own a limited number of properties and may concentrate in a particular region or property type. REITs may also be subject to heavy cash flow dependency, default by borrowers and self-liquidation.

REITs also must satisfy specific requirements of the Code in order to qualify for tax-free pass-through income. The failure of a company to qualify as a REIT could have adverse consequences for the Fund, including significantly reducing the return to the Fund on its investment in such company. Foreign real estate companies may be subject to the laws, rules and regulations governing those entities and their failure to comply with those laws, rules and regulations could negatively impact the performance of those entities. In addition, REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies, like mutual funds, have expenses, including management and administration fees, that are paid by their shareholders. As a result, shareholders will absorb their proportionate share of duplicate levels of fees when the Fund invests in REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies.

Investing in the securities of foreign issuers, particularly those located in emerging market or developing countries, entails the risk that news and events unique to a country or region will affect those markets and their issuers. The value of the Fund’s shares may vary widely in response to political and economic factors affecting companies in foreign countries. In addition, investments in certain foreign markets that have historically been considered stable may become more volatile and subject to increased risk due to ongoing developments and changing conditions in such markets. Although these events will not necessarily have an effect on the U.S. economy or similar issuers located in the United States, the growing interconnectivity of global economies and financial markets has increased the probability that adverse developments and conditions in one country or region will affect the stability of economies and financial markets in other countries or regions. Furthermore, the Fund’s investments in foreign issuers may be denominated in foreign currencies and therefore, to the extent unhedged, the value of those investments will fluctuate with U.S. dollar exchange rates. These changes may occur separately from and in response to events that do not otherwise affect the value of the security in the issuer’s home country.

Value stocks are those stocks the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers believe to be undervalued in comparison to their peers, due to market, company-specific or other factors. The prices of value stocks, therefore, may be below average in relation to measures such as earnings and book value. Different investment styles (e.g., “growth”, “value” or “quantitative”) tend to shift in and out of favor depending upon market and economic conditions and investor sentiment. The Fund may outperform or underperform other funds that invest in similar asset classes but employ different investment styles.

The risks of investing in the Fund may be intensified because the Fund is non-diversified, which means that it may invest in securities of a limited number of issuers. As a result, the performance of a particular investment or a small group of investments may affect the Fund’s performance more than if the Fund were diversified and a decline in the value of a particular instrument may cause the Fund’s overall value to decline to a greater degree than a diversified portfolio.

Please see “Additional Information About the Funds’ Investment Strategies and Related Risks” for further information about these and other risks of investing in the Fund.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Details of the Funds

Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio (Con’t)

Prior Performance of Similar Account

The table below illustrates the past performance of a separately managed account managed by the portfolio manager (the “Account”) with an investment objective, strategy and policies that are substantially similar to those of the Fund.

The portfolio manager of the Fund has been primarily responsible for managing the Account since its inception in 2005. On January 1, 2013, the Account changed its investment strategy to one that is substantially similar to that of the Fund. Accordingly, the following table shows the average annual total returns for the Account for the one-year, three-year and five-year periods and period since the change in investment strategy ended December 31, 2017, as compared with the benchmark index for the Fund. The historical performance of the Account is provided to illustrate the past performance of the portfolio manager in managing the Account, and is not indicative of the present or future performance of the Fund. The Fund’s future performance may be greater than or less than the performance of the Account.

The performance of the Account is net of fees and expenses, which, depending on the account may be lower or higher than those charged to the Fund. Since fees, commissions, cash flows, valuation, currency and taxes may differ for the Account and the Fund, performance data for identical periods may differ. The Account is not subject to restrictions of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), or the Code, which if applicable, might have adversely affected the performance of the Account. In addition, the securities held by the Fund may not be identical to the securities held by the Account. Accordingly, the future performance of the Fund may differ from the performance of the Account. These results are unaudited.

Investors should not consider this performance information a substitute for the performance of the Fund, nor should investors consider this data an indication of the future performance of the Fund, the Account or of the Adviser.

Performance of the Similar Account

Average Annual Total Returns
 

For Periods Ended December 31, 2017

 

1 Year

3 Year

5 Year

Since Change in Investment Strategy1

Account 

13.36%

4.30% 

7.03% 

7.03%

FTSE EPRA/NAREIT Global Developed Real Estate Index

10.36%

4.44% 

6.32% 

6.32%

1 Account information is shown from the date of change in investment strategy of the Account (January 1, 2013) until December 31, 2017. The Account is comprised of a separately managed (wrap) account managed by the portfolio manager that is managing the Fund with an investment objective, strategy and policies that are substantially similar to those of the Fund. The portfolio manager manages other accounts that are similarly managed but do not have investment objectives, policies and strategies that are substantially similar to those of the Fund and, accordingly, have been excluded here. These other accounts may depict historical performance that is higher or lower than the historical performance of the Account.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Details of the Funds

Real Assets Portfolio

Investment Objective

The Real Assets Portfolio seeks total return, targeted to be in excess of inflation, through capital appreciation and current income.

The Fund’s investment objective may be changed by the Company’s Board of Directors without shareholder approval, but no change is anticipated. If the Fund’s investment objective changes, the Fund will notify shareholders and shareholders should consider whether the Fund remains an appropriate investment in light of the change.

Approach

The Adviser and Sub-Advisers seek total return by investing primarily in real assets. Real assets may include publicly-traded real estate, publicly-traded infrastructure companies, equities, including natural resource related equities, commodity-linked investments (including exposure to precious metals), MLPs, TIPS and other fixed income securities. The Fund will invest in companies or issuers of any size market capitalization located throughout the world, including investments in foreign securities and emerging markets. The Adviser’s and Sub-Advisers’ approach combines a top-down process with bottom-up stock selection.

Process

The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers actively manage the Fund using a combination of top-down and bottom-up methodologies. When making allocation decisions, the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers conduct quantitative and qualitative analysis, aiming to optimize the balance between return potential and risk across the publicly-traded real asset categories.

The Adviser has appointed an investment committee consisting of the Fund’s portfolio managers and other investment professionals associated with the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers to periodically review the Fund’s asset allocation and allocation targets. Based on the input of the investment committee, the Adviser and Sub-Advisers may adjust the allocations of the various real asset categories. Members of the investment committee will collaborate on an ongoing basis and will allocate and rebalance the Fund’s assets across each manager’s underlying and independently managed investment strategies on a opportunistic basis given current market conditions. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will target an investment allocation of 20% to 35% in global listed real estate, 20% to 35% in global listed infrastructure, 10% to 35% in inflation-sensitive equities, 20% to 30% in inflation-sensitive fixed income securities and 0% to 5% in commodity-linked investments. Actual allocations will vary and may move and remain outside of these ranges for a variety of reasons, including, but not limited to, changes in investment outlook, market movements and cash flows into or out of the Fund.

Under normal circumstances, at least 80% of the Fund’s assets will be invested in real assets. Real assets may include publicly-traded real estate (REITs and REOCs), publicly-traded infrastructure companies, equities, including natural resource related equities, commodity-linked investments (including exposure to precious metals), MLPs, TIPS and other fixed income securities. This policy may be changed without shareholder approval; however, you would be notified upon 60 days’ notice in writing of any changes. The Fund has a fundamental policy (i.e., one that cannot be changed without shareholder approval) of investing 25% or more of its total assets in the real estate and infrastructure group of industries.

Risks

The Fund’s principal investment strategies are subject to the following principal risks:

Investing in the Fund may be appropriate for you if you are willing to accept the risks and uncertainties of investing in a portfolio of securities of publicly-traded real estate and infrastructure companies located throughout the world, equities, including natural resource related equities, commodity-linked investments, MLPs, TIPS and other fixed income securities. In general, prices of equity securities are more volatile than those of fixed income securities. The prices of equity securities fluctuate, and sometimes widely fluctuate, in response to activities specific to the issuer of the security as well as factors unrelated to the fundamental condition of the issuer, including general market, economic and political conditions.

In addition, at times, small and medium capitalization equity securities may underperform relative to the overall market. Investments in small and medium capitalization companies may involve greater risk than investments in larger, more established companies. The securities issued by small and medium capitalization companies may be less liquid and their prices subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements. In addition, small and medium capitalization companies may have more limited markets, financial resources and product lines, and may lack the depth of management of larger companies. The Adviser’s and/or Sub-Advisers’ perception that a stock is under- or over-valued may not be accurate or may not be realized.

Investing in real estate companies entails the risks of the real estate business generally, including sensitivity to economic and business cycles, changing demographic patterns and government actions. In addition, at times the Fund’s market sector, global real estate securities, may underperform relative to other sectors or the overall market.

Investing in REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies exposes investors to the risks of owning real estate directly, as well as to risks that relate specifically to the way in which REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies are organized and operated. REITs and similar non-U.S. entities generally invest directly in real estate, in mortgages or in some combination of the two. REOCs and

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Details of the Fund

Real Assets Portfolio (Con’t)

similar non-U.S. entities are entities that generally are engaged directly in real estate management or development activities. The REITs in which the Fund will primarily invest are equity REITs and similar non-U.S. entities. Operating REITs and foreign real estate companies requires specialized management skills and the Fund indirectly bears management expenses along with the direct expenses of the Fund. Individual REITs and similar non-U.S. entities may own a limited number of properties and may concentrate in a particular region or property type. REITs may also be subject to heavy cash flow dependency, default by borrowers and self-liquidation.

REITs also must satisfy specific requirements of the Code in order to qualify for tax-free pass-through income. The failure of a company to qualify as a REIT could have adverse consequences for the Fund, including significantly reducing the return to the Fund on its investment in such company. Foreign real estate companies may be subject to the laws, rules and regulations governing those entities and their failure to comply with those laws, rules and regulations could negatively impact the performance of those entities. In addition, REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies, like mutual funds, have expenses, including management and administration fees, that are paid by their shareholders. As a result, shareholders will absorb their proportionate share of duplicate levels of fees when the Fund invests in REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies.

Trading in commodity interests may involve substantial risks and investment exposure to the commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, such as stocks and bonds. The commodities markets may fluctuate widely based on a variety of factors, including changes in overall market movements, domestic and foreign political and economic events and policies, war, acts of terrorism, changes in domestic or foreign interest rates and/or investor expectations concerning interest rates, domestic and foreign inflation rates and investment and trading activities of mutual funds, hedge funds and commodities funds.

Investments in securities of natural resources companies may be affected by a variety of factors, including global political and economic developments, natural disasters in major natural resource areas, fluctuations in commodity prices, government regulations and fluctuating demand caused by, among other things, rising interest rates, general economic conditions and energy conservation efforts.

Investments in securities of MLPs involve risks that differ from investments in common stock, including risks related to limited control and limited rights to vote on matters affecting the MLP, risks related to potential conflicts of interest between the MLP and the MLP’s general partner, cash flow risks, dilution risks and risks related to the general partner’s right to require unit-holders to sell their common units at an undesirable time or price. Certain MLP securities may trade in lower volumes due to their smaller capitalizations, and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements and lower market liquidity. MLPs are generally considered interest-rate sensitive investments. During periods of interest rate volatility, these investments could have poor returns.

Companies within the infrastructure industry are subject to a variety of factors that may adversely affect their business or operations, including high interest costs in connection with capital construction and improvement programs, high leverage, costs associated with compliance with and changes in environmental and other regulations, difficulty in raising capital in adequate amounts and on reasonable terms in periods of high inflation and unsettled capital markets or government budgetary constraints that impact publicly funded projects, the effects of economic slowdown or recession and surplus capacity, increased competition from other providers of services, uncertainties concerning the availability of fuel at reasonable prices, the effects of energy conservation policies and other factors.

Additionally, companies within the infrastructure industry may be subject to regulation by various government authorities and may also be affected by government regulation of rates charged to customers, service interruption or legal challenges due to environmental, operational or other mishaps and the imposition of special tariffs and changes in tax laws, regulatory policies and accounting standards; technological innovations that may render existing plants, equipment or products obsolete, unforeseen delays, accidents, and cost overruns in infrastructure projects. Any market price movements, regulatory or technological changes, or economic conditions affecting infrastructure-related companies may have a significant impact on the Fund’s performance. Other factors that may affect the operations of companies within the infrastructure industry include innovations in technology that could render the way in which a company delivers a product or service obsolete, significant changes to the number of ultimate end-users of a company’s products, inexperience with and potential losses resulting from a developing deregulatory environment, increased susceptibility to terrorist attacks, risks of environmental damage due to a company’s operations or an accident, and general changes in market sentiment towards infrastructure and utilities assets.

Companies operating in the infrastructure industry face operating risks, including the risk of fire, explosions, leaks, mining and drilling accidents or other catastrophic events. If any of these operating risks occur, it could cause substantial losses to the given infrastructure company. In addition, natural risks, such as earthquakes, floods, lightning, hurricanes, tsunamis and wind, are inherent risks in infrastructure company operations. For example, extreme weather patterns could result in substantial damage to the facilities of certain companies located in the affected areas and such extreme weather patterns, or the threat thereof, could adversely impact the prices of the securities in which the Fund invests. This volatility may create fluctuations in commodity prices and earnings of companies in the infrastructure industry.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Details of the Funds

Real Assets Portfolio (Con’t)

The Fund may invest in ETFs. ETFs seek to track the performance of various portions or segments of the equity and fixed income markets. Shares of ETFs have many of the same risks as direct investments in common stocks or bonds. In addition, the market value of ETF shares may differ from their NAV because the supply and demand in the market for ETF shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the underlying securities.

Investing in the securities of foreign issuers, particularly those located in emerging market or developing countries, entails the risk that news and events unique to a country or region will affect those markets and their issuers. The value of the Fund’s shares may vary widely in response to political and economic factors affecting companies in foreign countries. In addition, investments in certain foreign markets that have historically been considered stable may become more volatile and subject to increased risk due to ongoing developments and changing conditions in such markets. Although these events will not necessarily have an effect on the U.S. economy or similar issuers located in the United States, the growing interconnectivity of global economies and financial markets has increased the probability that adverse developments and conditions in one country or region will affect the stability of economies and financial markets in other countries or regions. Furthermore, the Fund’s investments in foreign issuers may be denominated in foreign currencies and therefore, to the extent unhedged, the value of those investments will fluctuate with U.S. dollar exchange rates. These changes may occur separately from and in response to events that do not otherwise affect the value of the security in the issuer’s home country.

Fixed income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on its obligations (i.e., credit risk) and are subject to price volatility resulting from, among other things, interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity (i.e., market risk). The historically low interest rate environment increases the risks associated with rising interest rates, including the potential for periods of volatility and increased redemptions. The Fund may face a heightened level of risk, especially since the Federal Reserve Board has ended its quantitative easing program and has begun to raise rates. The Fund may be subject to liquidity risk, which may result from the lack of an active market and the reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed-income securities. Securities with longer durations are likely to be more sensitive to changes in interest rates, generally making them more volatile than securities with shorter durations. Securities with greater spread durations are likely to be more sensitive to changes in spreads between U.S. Treasury and non-U.S. Treasury securities, generally making them more volatile than securities with lesser spread durations. Spread duration measures the change in the value of a security (or portfolio) for a given change in the interest rate spread (difference) between Treasury and non-Treasury securities. Prices of fixed income securities generally will move in correlation to changes in an issuer’s credit rating and inversely to movements in interest rates. Lower rated fixed income securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled. TIPS are subject to the effects of changes in market interest rates caused by factors other than inflation (real interest rates). In general, the price of TIPS tend to decline when real interest rates increase. Interest payments on TIPS will fluctuate as the principal and/or interest is periodically adjusted to a specified rate of inflation and can be unpredictable.

Value stocks are those stocks the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers believe to be undervalued in comparison to their peers, due to market, company-specific or other factors. The prices of value stocks, therefore, may be below average in relation to measures such as earnings and book value. Different investment styles (e.g., “growth”, “value” or “quantitative”) tend to shift in and out of favor depending upon market and economic conditions and investor sentiment. The Fund may outperform or underperform other funds that invest in similar asset classes but employ different investment styles.

A derivative instrument often has risks similar to its underlying asset and may have additional risks, including imperfect correlation between the value of the derivative and the underlying asset, risks of default by the counterparty to certain transactions, magnification of losses incurred due to changes in the market value of the securities, instruments, indices or interest rates to which the derivative instrument relates, and risks that the transactions may not be liquid. Certain derivative transactions may give rise to a form of leverage. Leverage magnifies the potential for gain and the risk of loss.

The Fund’s investments in illiquid securities may entail greater risk than investments in other types of securities. These securities may be more difficult to sell, particularly in times of market turmoil. Additionally, the market for certain investments deemed liquid at the time of purchase may become illiquid under adverse market or economic conditions. Illiquid securities may be more difficult to value. If the Fund is forced to sell an illiquid security to fund redemptions or for other cash needs, it may be forced to sell the security at a loss.

The Fund’s allocations to the various underlying and independently managed investment strategies may cause the Fund to underperform a particular individual strategy or other funds, including those with a similar investment objective. It is possible that Fund assets could be allocated to underlying and independently managed investment strategies that perform poorly or underperform other investments under various market conditions.

Please see “Additional Information About the Funds’ Investment Strategies and Related Risks” for further information about these and other risks of investing in the Fund.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Additional Information About the Funds’ Investment Strategies and Related Risks

Additional Information About the Funds’ Investment Strategies and Related Risks

This section discusses additional information relating to the Funds’ investment strategies, other types of investments that the Funds may make and related risk factors. The Funds’ investment practices and limitations are described in more detail in the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”), which is incorporated by reference and legally is a part of this Prospectus. For details on how to obtain a copy of the SAI and other reports and information, see the back cover of this Prospectus.

Equity Securities

Equity securities may include common and preferred stocks, convertible securities and equity-linked securities, rights and warrants to purchase common stocks, depositary receipts, limited partnership interests and other specialty securities having equity features. The Funds may invest in equity securities that are publicly-traded on securities exchanges or over-the-counter (“OTC”) or in equity securities that are not publicly traded. Securities that are not publicly traded may be more difficult to sell and their value may fluctuate more dramatically than other securities. The prices of convertible securities are affected by changes similar to those of equity and fixed income securities.

A depositary receipt is generally issued by a bank or financial institution and represents the common stock or other equity securities of a foreign company. Depositary receipts involve many of the same risks as those associated with direct investment in foreign securities. In addition, the underlying issuers of certain depositary receipts, particularly unsponsored or unregistered depositary receipts, are under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications to the holders of such receipts, or to pass through to them any voting rights with respect to the deposited securities.

A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred stock, right, warrant or other security that may be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock or other security of the same or a different issuer or into cash within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security generally entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt securities or the dividend paid on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities generally have characteristics similar to both debt and equity securities. The value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates rise and, because of the conversion feature, tends to vary with fluctuations in the market value of the underlying securities. Convertible securities ordinarily provide a stream of income with generally higher yields than those of common stock of the same or similar issuers. Convertible securities generally rank senior to common stock in a corporation’s capital structure but are usually subordinated to other comparable nonconvertible fixed income securities in such capital structure. Convertible securities generally do not participate directly in any dividend increases or decreases of the underlying securities although the market prices of convertible securities may be affected by any dividend changes or other changes in the underlying securities.

Price Volatility

The value of your investment in a Fund is based on the market prices of the securities the Fund holds. These prices change daily due to economic and other events that affect markets generally, as well as those that affect particular regions, countries, industries, companies or governments. These price movements, sometimes called volatility, may be greater or less depending on the types of securities a Fund owns and the markets in which the securities trade. Over time, equity securities have generally shown gains superior to fixed income securities, although they have tended to be more volatile in the short term. Fixed income securities, regardless of credit quality, also experience price volatility, especially in response to interest rate changes. As a result of price volatility, there is a risk that you may lose money by investing in a Fund.

Real Estate Investing

Each of the Funds may invest in companies in the real estate industry. As a result, these companies (and, therefore, the Funds) will experience the risks of investing in real estate directly. Real estate is a cyclical business, highly sensitive to general and local economic developments and characterized by intense competition and periodic overbuilding. Real estate income and values may also be greatly affected by demographic trends, such as population shifts or changing tastes and values. Government actions, such as tax increases, zoning law changes or environmental regulations, may also have a major impact on real estate markets. Changing interest rates and credit quality requirements will also affect the cash flow of real estate companies and their ability to meet capital needs.

Foreign Investing

To the extent that a Fund invests in foreign issuers, there is the risk that news and events unique to a country or region will affect those markets and their issuers. These same events will not necessarily have an effect on the U.S. economy or similar issuers located in the United States. In addition, some of the Funds’ securities, including underlying securities represented by depositary receipts, may be denominated in foreign currencies. As a result, changes in the value of a country’s currency compared to the U.S. dollar may affect the value of a Fund’s investments. These changes may happen separately from, and in response to, events that do not otherwise affect the value of the security in the issuer’s home country. These risks may be intensified for a Fund’s investments in securities of issuers located in emerging market or developing countries.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Additional Information About the Funds’ Investment Strategies and Related Risks

Additional Information About the Funds’ Investment Strategies and Related Risks (Con’t)

Foreign Securities

Foreign issuers generally are subject to different accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards than U.S. issuers. There may be less information available to the public about foreign issuers. Securities of foreign issuers can be less liquid and experience greater price movements. In addition, the prices of such securities may be susceptible to influence by large traders, due to the limited size of many foreign securities markets. Moreover, investments in certain foreign markets that have historically been considered stable may become more volatile and subject to increased risk due to ongoing developments and changing conditions in such markets. Also, the growing interconnectivity of global economies and financial markets has increased the probability that adverse developments and conditions in one country or region will affect the stability of economies and financial markets in other countries or regions. In some foreign countries, there is also the risk of government expropriation, excessive taxation, political or social instability, the imposition of currency controls or diplomatic developments that could affect a Fund’s investment. There also can be difficulty obtaining and enforcing judgments against issuers in foreign countries. Foreign stock exchanges, broker-dealers and listed issuers may be subject to less government regulation and oversight. The cost of investing in foreign securities, including brokerage commissions and custodial expenses, can be higher than the cost of investing in domestic securities.

Certain foreign markets may rely heavily on particular industries or foreign capital and are more vulnerable to diplomatic developments, the imposition of economic sanctions against a particular country or countries, organizations, entities and/or individuals, changes in international trading patterns, trade barriers and other protectionist or retaliatory measures. Economic sanctions could, among other things, effectively restrict or eliminate a Fund’s ability to purchase or sell securities or groups of securities for a substantial period of time, and may make the Fund’s investments in such securities harder to value. International trade barriers or economic sanctions against foreign countries, organizations, entities and/or individuals may adversely affect a Fund’s foreign holdings or exposures. Investments in foreign markets may also be adversely affected by governmental actions such as the imposition of capital controls, nationalization of companies or industries, expropriation of assets or the imposition of punitive taxes. Governmental actions can have a significant effect on the economic conditions in foreign countries, which also may adversely affect the value and liquidity of a Fund’s investments. For example, the governments of certain countries may prohibit or impose substantial restrictions on foreign investing in their capital markets or in certain sectors or industries. In addition, a foreign government may limit or cause delay in the convertibility or repatriation of its currency which would adversely affect the U.S. dollar value and/or liquidity of investments denominated in that currency. Any of these actions could severely affect security prices, impair a Fund’s ability to purchase or sell foreign securities or transfer the Fund’s assets back into the United States, or otherwise adversely affect the Fund’s operations. Certain foreign investments may become less liquid in response to market developments or adverse investor perceptions, or become illiquid after purchase by a Fund, particularly during periods of market turmoil. Certain foreign investments may become illiquid when, for instance, there are few, if any, interested buyers and sellers or when dealers are unwilling to make a market for certain securities. When a Fund holds illiquid investments, its portfolio may be harder to value.

In connection with their investments in foreign securities, certain Funds also may enter into contracts with banks, brokers or dealers to purchase or sell securities or foreign currencies at a future date. A foreign currency forward exchange contract is a negotiated agreement between the contracting parties to exchange a specified amount of currency at a specified future time at a specified rate. The rate can be higher or lower than the spot rate between the currencies that are the subject of the contract. Foreign currency forward exchange contracts may be used to protect against uncertainty in the level of future foreign currency exchange rates or to gain or modify exposure to a particular currency.

Emerging Market Securities

The Funds may invest in emerging market or developing countries, which are countries that major international financial institutions generally consider to be less economically mature than developed nations (such as the United States or most nations in Western Europe). Emerging market or developing countries may be more likely to experience political turmoil or rapid changes in economic conditions than more developed countries, and the financial condition of issuers in emerging market or developing countries may be more precarious than in other countries. In addition, emerging market securities generally are less liquid and subject to wider price and currency fluctuations than securities issued in more developed countries. These characteristics result in greater risk of price volatility in emerging market or developing countries, which may be heightened by currency fluctuations relative to the U.S. dollar.

Foreign Currency

The Funds’ investments in foreign securities may be denominated in foreign currencies. The value of foreign currencies may fluctuate relative to the value of the U.S. dollar. Since the Funds may invest in such non-U.S. dollar-denominated securities, and therefore may convert the value of such securities into U.S. dollars, changes in currency exchange rates can increase or decrease the U.S. dollar value of the Funds’ assets. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time for a number of reasons, including changes in interest rates and the overall economic health of the issuer. Devaluation of a currency by a country’s government or banking authority also will have a significant impact on the value of any investments denominated in that currency. The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers on behalf of certain Funds may use derivatives to reduce this risk. The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers may in their discretion choose not to hedge against currency risk. In addition, certain market conditions may make it impossible or uneconomical to hedge against currency risk.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc Prospectus | Additional Information About the Funds’ Investment Strategies and Related Risks

Additional Information About the Funds’ Investment Strategies and Related Risks (Con’t)

Real Estate Investment Trusts, Real Estate Operating Companies and Foreign Real Estate Companies

Investing in REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies exposes investors to the risks of owning real estate directly, as well as to risks that relate specifically to the way in which REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies are organized and operated. REITs and foreign real estate companies generally invest directly in real estate, in mortgages or in some combination of the two. REOCs are entities that generally are engaged directly in real estate management or development activities. Operating REITs and foreign real estate companies requires specialized management skills and a Fund indirectly bears management expenses along with the direct expenses of the Fund. Individual REITs and foreign real estate companies may own a limited number of properties and may concentrate in a particular region or property type. REITs may also be subject to heavy cash flow dependency, default by borrowers and self-liquidation. REITs also must satisfy specific requirements of the Code in order to qualify for tax-free pass-through income. The failure of a company to qualify as a REIT could have adverse consequences for a Fund, including significantly reducing the return to a Fund on its investment in such company. Foreign real estate companies may be subject to laws, rules and regulations governing those entities and their failure to comply with those laws, rules and regulations could negatively impact the performance of those entities. In addition, REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies, like mutual funds, have expenses, including management and administration fees, that are paid by their shareholders. As a result, shareholders will absorb their proportionate share of duplicate levels of fees when a Fund invests in REITs, REOCs and foreign real estate companies.

Fixed Income Securities

Fixed income securities are securities that pay a fixed or a variable rate of interest until a stated maturity date. Fixed income securities include U.S. government securities, securities issued by federal or federally sponsored agencies and instrumentalities (“agencies”), corporate bonds and notes, asset-backed securities, mortgage securities, securities rated below investment grade (commonly referred to as “junk bonds” or “high yield/high risk securities”), municipal bonds, loan participations and assignments, zero coupon bonds, convertible securities, Eurobonds, Brady Bonds, Yankee Bonds, repurchase agreements, commercial paper and cash equivalents. Fixed income securities are subject to the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on its obligations (i.e., credit risk) and are subject to price volatility resulting from, among other things, interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity (i.e., market risk). The historically low interest rate environment increases the risks associated with rising interest rates, including the potential for periods of volatility and increased redemptions. A Fund may face a heightened level of risk, especially since the Federal Reserve Board has ended its quantitative easing program and has begun to raise rates. Furthermore, in June 2017, the Federal Reserve Board signaled intentions to cut its balance sheet by allowing at least some securities to retire upon maturity, thereby reducing the money supply and increasing interest rate risk. A Fund may be subject to liquidity risk, which may result from the lack of an active market and the reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed income securities. Securities with longer durations are likely to be more sensitive to changes in interest rates, generally making them more volatile than securities with shorter durations. Lower rated fixed income securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled. TIPS are subject to the effects of changes in market interest rates caused by factors other than inflation (real interest rates). In general, the price of TIPS tend to decline when real interest rates increase. Interest payments on TIPS will fluctuate as the principal and/or interest is periodically adjusted to a specified rate of inflation and can be unpredictable.

Fixed income securities may be called (i.e., redeemed by the issuer) prior to final maturity. If a callable security is called, a Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at a lower rate of interest.

Liquidity

Investments in restricted and illiquid securities may entail greater risk than investments in other types of securities. These securities may be more difficult to sell, particularly in times of market turmoil. Additionally, the market for certain investments deemed liquid at the time of purchase may become illiquid under adverse market or economic conditions. Illiquid securities may be more difficult to value. If a Fund is forced to sell an illiquid security to fund redemptions or for other cash needs, it may be forced to sell the security at a loss or for less than its fair value.

Derivatives

The Funds may, but are not required to, use derivative instruments for a variety of purposes, including hedging, risk management, portfolio management or to earn income. Derivatives are financial instruments whose value is based, in part, on the value of an underlying asset, interest rate, index or financial instrument. Prevailing interest rates and volatility levels, among other things, also affect the value of derivative instruments. A derivative instrument often has risks similar to its underlying asset and may have additional risks, including imperfect correlation between the value of the derivative and the underlying asset, risks of default by the counterparty to certain transactions, magnification of losses incurred due to changes in the market value of the securities, instruments, indices or interest rates to which the derivative instrument relates, risks that the transactions may not be liquid and risks arising from margin requirements. The use of derivatives involves risks that are different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with other portfolio investments. Derivatives may involve the use of highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with other portfolio investments.

Certain derivative transactions may give rise to a form of leverage. Leverage magnifies the potential for gain and the risk of loss. Leverage associated with derivative transactions may cause a Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Additional Information About the Funds’ Investment Strategies and Related Risks

Additional Information About the Funds’ Investment Strategies and Related Risks (Con’t)

to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet earmarking or segregation requirements, pursuant to applicable SEC rules and regulations, or may cause a Fund to be more volatile than if the Fund had not been leveraged. Although the Adviser and/or the Sub-Adviser seek to use derivatives to further a Fund’s investment objective, there is no assurance that the use of derivatives will achieve this result.

The derivative instruments and techniques that certain Funds may use include:

Futures. A futures contract is a standardized, exchange-traded agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying asset, reference rate or index at a specific price at a specific future time. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date. A decision as to whether, when and how to use futures contracts involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived futures transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. In addition to the derivatives risks discussed above, the prices of futures contracts can be highly volatile, using futures contracts can lower total return, and the potential loss from futures contracts can exceed a Fund’s initial investment in such contracts. No assurance can be given that a liquid market will exist for any particular futures contract at any particular time. There is also the risk of loss by a Fund of margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of a broker with which the Fund has open positions in the futures contract.

Options. If a Fund buys an option, it buys a legal contract giving it the right to buy or sell a specific amount of the underlying instrument or futures contract on the underlying instrument at an agreed-upon price typically in exchange for a premium paid by the Fund. If a Fund sells an option, it sells to another person the right to buy from or sell to the Fund a specific amount of the underlying instrument or futures contract on the underlying instrument at an agreed-upon price typically in exchange for a premium received by the Fund. When options are purchased OTC, a Fund bears the risk that the counterparty that wrote the option will be unable or unwilling to perform its obligations under the option contract. Options may also be illiquid and a Fund may have difficulty closing out its position. A decision as to whether, when and how to use options involves the exercise of skill and judgment and even a well-conceived option transaction may be unsuccessful because of market behavior or unexpected events. The prices of options can be highly volatile and the use of options can lower total returns.

Swaps. A Fund may enter into OTC swap contracts or cleared swap transactions. An OTC swap contract is an agreement between two parties pursuant to which the parties exchange payments at specified dates on the basis of a specified notional amount, with the payments calculated by reference to specified securities, indices, reference rates, currencies or other instruments. Typically swap agreements provide that when the period payment dates for both parties are the same, the payments are made on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with only the net amount paid by one party to the other). A Fund’s obligations or rights under a swap contract entered into on a net basis will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement, based on the relative values of the positions held by each party. Cleared swap transactions may help reduce counterparty credit risk. In a cleared swap, a Fund’s ultimate counterparty is a clearinghouse rather than a swap dealer, bank or financial institution. OTC swap agreements are not entered into or traded on exchanges and often there is no central clearing or guaranty function for swaps. These OTC swaps are often subject to credit risk or the risk of default or non-performance by the counterparty. Both OTC and cleared swaps could result in losses if interest rate or foreign currency exchange rates or credit quality changes are not correctly anticipated by a Fund or if the reference index, security or investments do not perform as expected. A Fund’s use of swaps may include those based on the credit of an underlying security, commonly referred to as “credit default swaps.” Where a Fund is the buyer of a credit default swap contract, it would typically be entitled to receive the par (or other agreed-upon) value of a referenced debt obligation from the counterparty to the contract only in the event of a default or similar event by the issuer of the debt obligation. If no default occurs, such Fund would have paid to the counterparty a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract and received no benefit from the contract. When a Fund is the seller of a credit default swap contract, it typically receives the stream of payments but is obligated to pay an amount equal to the par (or other agreed-upon) value of referenced debt obligation upon the default or similar event of the issuer of the referenced debt obligation. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and related regulatory developments require the clearing and exchange-trading of certain standardized swap transactions. Mandatory exchange-trading and clearing is occurring on a phased-in basis.

Contracts for Difference. A contract for difference (“CFD”) is a privately-negotiated contract between two parties, buyer and seller, stipulating that the seller will pay to or receive from the buyer the difference between the nominal value of the underlying instrument at the opening of the contract and that instrument’s value at the end of the contract. The underlying instrument may be a single security, stock basket or index. A CFD can be set up to take either a short or long position on the underlying instrument. The buyer and seller are typically both required to post margin, which is adjusted daily. The buyer will also pay to the seller a financing rate on the notional amount of the capital employed by the seller less the margin deposit. In addition to the general risks of derivatives, CFDs may be subject to liquidity risk and counterparty risk.

Structured Investments. The Funds also may invest a portion of its assets in structured investments. A structured investment is a derivative security designed to offer a return linked to a particular underlying security, currency, commodity or market. Structured investments may come in various forms including notes (such as exchange-traded notes), warrants and options to purchase securities.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc Prospectus | Additional Information About the Funds’ Investment Strategies and Related Risks

Additional Information About the Funds’ Investment Strategies and Related Risks (Con’t)

The Funds will typically use structured investments to gain exposure to a permitted underlying security, currency, commodity or market when direct access to a market is limited or inefficient from a tax or cost standpoint. There can be no assurance that structured investments will trade at the same price or have the same value as the underlying security, currency, commodity or market. Investments in structured investments involve risks including issuer risk, counterparty risk and market risk. Holders of structured investments bear risks of the underlying investment and are subject to issuer or counterparty risk because the Funds are relying on the creditworthiness of such issuer or counterparty and has no rights with respect to the underlying investment. Certain structured investments may be thinly traded or have a limited trading market and may have the effect of increasing the Funds’ illiquidity to the extent that the Funds, at a particular point in time, may be unable to find qualified buyers for these securities.

Investment Discretion

In pursuing the Funds’ investment objectives, the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers have considerable leeway in deciding which investments they buy, hold or sell on a day-to-day basis, and which trading strategies they use. For example, the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers, in their discretion, may determine to use some permitted trading strategies while not using others. The success or failure of such decisions will affect the Funds’ performance.

Temporary Defensive Investments

When the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers believe that changes in market, economic, political or other conditions warrant, each Portfolio may invest without limit in cash, cash equivalents or other fixed income securities for temporary defensive purposes that may be inconsistent with a Fund’s principal investment strategies. If the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers incorrectly predict the effects of these changes, such defensive investments may adversely affect a Fund’s performance and the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Fund Management

Fund Management

Adviser

Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc., with principal offices at 522 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10036, conducts a worldwide portfolio management business and provides a broad range of portfolio management services to customers in the United States and abroad. Morgan Stanley (NYSE: “MS”) is the parent of the Adviser, which is the parent of the Distributor. Morgan Stanley is a preeminent global financial services firm engaged in securities trading and brokerage activities, as well as providing investment banking, research and analysis, financing and financial advisory services. As of March 31, 2018, the Adviser, together with its affiliated asset management companies, had approximately $469.1 billion in assets under management or supervision.

A discussion regarding the Board of Directors’ approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement will be available in each Fund’s Semi-Annual Report to Shareholders for the period ended June 30, 2018.

Sub-Advisers

The Adviser has entered into Sub-Advisory Agreements with MSIM Limited, located at 25 Cabot Square, Canary Wharf, London, E14 4QA, England and MSIM Company, located at 23 Church Street, 16-01 Capital Square, Singapore 049481 with respect to the Funds. The Sub-Advisers are wholly owned subsidiaries of Morgan Stanley. The Sub-Advisers provide the Funds with investment advisory services subject to the overall supervision of the Adviser and the Company’s officers and Directors. The Adviser pays the Sub-Advisers on a monthly basis a portion of the net advisory fees the Adviser receives from the relevant Funds.

Advisory Fees

The Adviser receives a fee for advisory services from each Fund as set forth in the table below.

Fund (as a percentage of average daily net assets)

Global Concentrated Real Estate 

0.75% of the portion of the daily net assets not exceeding $2 billion; and 0.70% of the portion of the daily net assets exceeding $2 billion.

Real Assets 

0.60% of the portion of the daily net assets not exceeding $1 billion; and 0.55% of the portion of the daily net assets exceeding $1 billion.

The Adviser has agreed to reduce its advisory fee and/or reimburse the Funds, if necessary, if such fees would cause the total annual operating expenses of each Fund to exceed the percentage of average daily net assets set forth in the table below. In determining the actual amount of fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement for each Fund, if any, the Adviser excludes from total annual operating expenses certain investment related expenses, taxes, interest and other extraordinary expenses (including litigation). The fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements for each Fund will continue for at least one year or until such time as the Company’s Board of Directors acts to discontinue all or a portion of such waivers and/or reimbursements when it deems such action is appropriate. The Adviser may make additional voluntary fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements. The Adviser may discontinue these voluntary fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements at any time in the future.

Fund

Expense Cap
 Class I

Expense Cap
 Class A

Expense Cap
 Class C

Expense Cap
 Class IS

Global Concentrated Real Estate 

0.95% 

1.30% 

2.05% 

0.90% 

Real Assets 

0.80% 

1.15% 

1.90% 

0.75% 

Portfolio Management

Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio
 The Fund is managed by the Global Listed Real Assets team. The team consists of portfolio managers and analysts. The current member of the team primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund is Theodore R. Bigman.

Mr. Bigman has been associated with the Adviser in an investment management capacity since 1995.

Together, the team determines investment strategy, establishes asset-allocation frameworks and directs the implementation of investment strategy.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Fund Management

Fund Management (Con’t)

Real Assets Portfolio
 The Fund is managed by members of the Global Listed Real Assets team, Portfolio Solutions Group, Global Multi-Asset team and Global Fixed Income team. The team consists of portfolio managers and analysts. Current members of the team jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of each Fund are Theodore R. Bigman, Matthew King, Ryan Meredith, Mark A. Bavoso and Christian G. Roth.

Mr. Bigman has been associated with the Adviser in an investment management capacity since 1995. Mr. King has been associated with the Adviser in an investment management capacity since 2008. Mr. Meredith has been associated with the Adviser in an investment management capacity since 2007. Mr. Bavoso has been associated with the Adviser in an investment management capacity since 1986. Mr. Roth has been associated with the Adviser in an investment management capacity since 1991.

Together, the team, with the input of the investment committee, determines the investment strategy, establishes asset-allocation frameworks and directs the implementation of investment strategy.

The Funds’ SAI provides additional information about the portfolio managers’ compensation structure, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and the portfolio managers’ ownership of securities in the Funds.

The composition of each team may change from time to time.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Shareholder Information

Shareholder Information

Share Class Arrangements

The Company currently offers investors Class I, Class A, Class C and Class IS shares of each Fund. Class I and Class IS shares are not subject to a sales charge and are not subject to a distribution and/or shareholder service (12b-1) fee. In addition, no sub-accounting or other similar fees, or any finder’s fee payments are charged or paid on Class IS shares. Class C shares are sold at NAV with no initial sales charge, but are subject to a CDSC of 1.00% on sales made within one year after the last day of the month of purchase. Class I and Class IS shares generally require investments in minimum amounts that are substantially higher than Class A and Class C shares.

Minimum Investment Amounts

The minimum initial investment generally is $5,000,000 for Class I shares and $1,000 for each of Class A and Class C shares of a Fund. The minimum initial investment amount may be waived by the Adviser for the following categories: (1) sales through banks, broker-dealers and other financial institutions (including registered investment advisers and financial planners) purchasing shares on behalf of their clients in (i) discretionary and non-discretionary advisory programs, (ii) asset allocation programs, (iii) other programs in which the client pays an asset-based fee for advice or for executing transactions in Fund shares or for otherwise participating in the program or (iv) certain other investment programs that do not charge an asset-based fee, as outlined in an agreement between the Distributor and such financial institution; (2) sales through a Financial Intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Fund shares to self-directed investment brokerage accounts, which may or may not charge a transaction fee; (3) qualified state tuition plans described in Section 529 of the Code (subject to all applicable terms and conditions); (4) defined contribution, defined benefit and other employer-sponsored employee benefit plans, whether or not qualified under the Code, where such plans purchase Class A, Class C and/or Class I shares through a plan-level or omnibus account sponsored or serviced by a Financial Intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Fund, the Distributor and/or the Adviser pursuant to which such Class A, Class C and/or Class I shares are available to such plans; (5) certain retirement and deferred compensation programs established by Morgan Stanley Investment Management or its affiliates for their employees or the Company’s Directors; (6) current or retired directors, officers and employees of Morgan Stanley and any of its subsidiaries, such persons’ spouses, and children under the age of 21, and trust accounts for which any of such persons is a beneficiary; (7) current or retired Directors or Trustees of the Morgan Stanley Funds (as defined below), such persons’ spouses, and children under the age of 21, and trust accounts for which any of such persons is a beneficiary; (8) certain other registered open-end investment companies whose shares are distributed by the Distributor; (9) investments made in connection with certain mergers and/or reorganizations as approved by the Adviser; (10) the reinvestment of dividends from Class A, Class C or Class I shares of a Fund in additional shares of the same class of such Fund; or (11) certain other institutional investors based on assets under management or other considerations at the discretion of the Adviser.

Certain waivers may not be available depending on the policies at certain Financial Intermediaries. Please consult your Financial Intermediary for more information.

Class IS shares are offered only to eligible investors meeting certain minimum investment requirements. To purchase Class IS shares, an investor must meet a minimum initial investment of $10,000,000 or be a defined contribution, defined benefit or other employer sponsored employee benefit plan, in each case provided that the plan trades on an omnibus level, whether or not qualified under the Code and in each case subject to the discretion of the Adviser. Initial omnibus trades of $10,000,000 or more shall be accepted from certain platforms, including (i) banks and trust companies; (ii) insurance companies; and (iii) registered investment advisory firms. The $10,000,000 minimum initial investment amount may be waived for Fund shares purchased by or through: (1) certain registered open-end investment companies whose shares are distributed by the Distributor; or (2) investments made in connection with certain mergers and/or reorganizations as approved by the Adviser.

If the value of your account falls below the applicable minimum initial investment amount for a Class of shares of a Fund as a result of share redemptions or you no longer meet one of the waiver criteria set forth above, your account may be subject to involuntary conversion or involuntary redemption, as applicable. You will be notified prior to any such conversions or redemptions. No CDSC will be imposed on any involuntary conversion or involuntary redemption.

The Adviser, in its sole discretion, may waive a minimum initial investment amount in certain cases.

Distribution of Fund Shares

Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc. is the exclusive Distributor of the shares of each Fund. The Distributor receives no compensation from the Fund for distributing Class I and Class IS shares of the Funds. The Company has adopted a Shareholder Services Plan with respect to the Class A shares of each Fund and separate Distribution and Shareholder Services Plan with respect to the Class C shares of each Fund (the “Plans”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Under the Plans, each Fund pays the Distributor (i) a shareholder services fee of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets of each of the Class A and Class C shares on an annualized basis and (ii) a distribution fee of up to 0.75% of the average daily net assets of the Class C shares on an annualized basis. The Distributor may compensate other parties for providing distribution-related and/or shareholder support services to investors who purchase Class A and Class C shares. Such fees relate solely to the Class A and Class C shares and will reduce the net investment income and total return of the Class A and Class C shares, respectively. Because the fees are paid out of a Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Shareholder Information

Shareholder Information (Con’t)

The Adviser and/or Distributor may pay compensation to Financial Intermediaries in connection with the sale, distribution, marketing and retention of a Fund’s shares and/or shareholder servicing. Such compensation may be significant in amount and the prospect of receiving any such additional compensation may provide affiliated or unaffiliated Financial Intermediaries with an incentive to favor sales of shares of the Funds over other investment options. Any such payments will not change the NAV of a Fund. For more information, please see the Funds’ SAI.

About Net Asset Value

The NAV of a Class of shares of a Fund is determined by dividing the total of the value of the Fund’s investments and other assets attributable to the Class, less any liabilities attributable to the Class, by the total number of outstanding shares of that Class of the Fund. In making this calculation, each Fund generally values securities at market price. If market prices are unavailable or may be unreliable, including circumstances under which the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers determine that a security’s market price is not accurate, fair value prices may be determined in good faith using methods approved by the Board of Directors.

In addition, with respect to securities that primarily are listed on foreign exchanges, when an event occurs after the close of such exchanges that is likely to have changed the value of the securities (e.g., a percentage change in value of one or more U.S. securities indices in excess of specified thresholds), such securities will be valued at their fair value, as determined under procedures established by the Company’s Board of Directors. Securities also may be fair valued in the event of a significant development affecting a country or region or an issuer-specific development that is likely to have changed the value of the security. In these cases, a Fund’s NAV will reflect certain portfolio securities’ fair value rather than their market price. To the extent a Fund invests in open-end management companies (other than exchange-traded funds) that are registered under the 1940 Act, the Fund’s NAV is calculated based in relevant part upon the NAV of such funds. The prospectuses for such funds explain the circumstances under which they will use fair value pricing and its effects.

Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security is materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of that security.

Pricing of Fund Shares

You may buy or sell (redeem) shares of the Funds at the NAV next determined for the Class after receipt of your order in good order, plus any applicable sales charge. The Company determines the NAV for the Funds as of the close of the NYSE (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) on each day that the NYSE is open for business (the “Pricing Time”). Shares generally will not be priced on days that the NYSE is closed. If the NYSE is closed due to inclement weather, technology problems or any other reason on a day it would normally be open for business, or the NYSE has an unscheduled early closing on a day it has opened for business, the Company reserves the right to treat such day as a business day and accept purchase and redemption orders until, and calculate its NAV as of, the normally scheduled close of regular trading on the NYSE for that day, so long as the Adviser believes there generally remains an adequate market to obtain reliable and accurate market quotations. The Funds may elect to remain open and price their shares on days when the NYSE is closed but the primary securities markets on which the Funds’ securities trade remain open. Trading of securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges may take place on weekends and other days when a Fund does not price its shares. Therefore, to the extent, if any, that a Fund invests in securities primarily listed on foreign exchanges, the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities may change on days when you will not be able to purchase or sell your shares.

Portfolio Holdings

A description of the Funds’ policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of each Fund’s portfolio securities is available in the Funds’ SAI.

How to Purchase Fund Shares

You may purchase shares of a Fund on each day that the Funds are open for business by contacting your Financial Intermediary or directly from the Fund.

Purchasing Shares Through a Financial Intermediary
 You may open a new account and purchase shares of a Fund through a Financial Intermediary. The Financial Intermediary will assist you with the procedures to invest in shares of a Fund. Investors purchasing or selling shares of a Fund through a Financial Intermediary, including Morgan Stanley Wealth Management, may be charged transaction-based or other fees by the Financial Intermediary for its services. If you are purchasing shares of a Fund through a Financial Intermediary, please consult your Financial Intermediary for more information regarding any such fees and for purchase instructions.

Financial Intermediaries may impose a limit on the dollar value of a Class C share purchase order that they will accept. You should discuss with your Financial Intermediary which share class is most appropriate for you based on the size of your investment, your expected time horizon for holding the shares and other factors, bearing in mind the availability of reduced sales loads on Class A share purchases that qualify for such reduction under the combined purchase privilege or right of accumulation privilege available on Class A share purchases.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Shareholder Information

Shareholder Information (Con’t)

The availability of sales charge waivers and discounts may depend on whether you purchase Fund shares directly from a Fund (or the Distributor) or a Financial Intermediary. More information regarding sales charge discounts and waivers is summarized below. The Funds’ sales charge waivers (and discounts) disclosed in this Prospectus are available for qualifying purchases made directly from the Fund (or the Distributor) and are generally available through Financial Intermediaries. The sales charge waivers (and discounts) available through certain other Financial Intermediaries are set forth in Appendix A to this Prospectus (Intermediary-Specific Sales Charge Waivers and Discounts), which may differ from those available for purchases made directly from a Fund (or the Distributor). Please contact your Financial Intermediary regarding applicable sales charge waivers (and discounts) and for information regarding the Intermediary’s related policies and procedures.

Purchasing Shares Directly From the Fund
 

Initial Purchase by Mail

You may open a new account, subject to acceptance by the Fund, and purchase shares of a Fund by completing and signing a New Account Application provided by DST Asset Manager Solutions, Inc. (“DST”), the Company’s transfer agent, which you can obtain by calling DST at 1-800-548-7786 and mailing it to Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc., c/o DST Asset Manager Solutions, Inc., P.O. Box 219804, Kansas City, MO 64121-9804 together with a check payable to Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc.

Please note that payments to investors who redeem shares of a Fund purchased by check will not be made until payment of the purchase has been collected, which may take up to 15 calendar days after purchase. You can avoid this delay by purchasing shares of a Fund by wire.

Initial Purchase by Wire

You may purchase shares of each Fund by wiring Federal Funds (monies credited by a Federal Reserve Bank) to State Street Bank and Trust Company (the “Custodian”). You must forward a completed New Account Application to DST in advance of the wire by following the instructions under “Initial Purchase by Mail.” You should instruct your bank to send a Federal Funds wire in a specified amount to the Custodian using the following wire instructions:

State Street Bank and Trust Company
 One Lincoln Street
 Boston, MA 02111-2101
 ABA #011000028
 DDA #00575373
 Attn: Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc.
 Subscription Account
 Ref: (Fund Name, Account Number, Account Name)

Additional Investments
 You may purchase additional shares of a Fund for your account at any time by contacting your Financial Intermediary or by contacting the Fund directly. For additional purchases directly from the Fund, you should write a “letter of instruction” that includes your account name, account number, the Fund name and the Class selected, signed by the account owner(s), to assure proper crediting to your account. The letter must be mailed along with a check in accordance with the instructions under “Initial Purchase by Mail.” You may also purchase additional shares of a Fund by wire by following the instructions under “Initial Purchase by Wire.”

Sales Charges Applicable to Purchases of Class A Shares

Class A shares are subject to a sales charge equal to a maximum of 5.25% calculated as a percentage of the offering price on a single transaction as shown in the table below. As shown below, the sales charge is reduced for purchases of $25,000 and over.

 

Front End Sales Charge 

 

 

Amount of Single Transaction

Percentage of Public Offering Price

Approximate Percentage of Net Amount Invested

Dealer Commission as a Percentage of Offering Price

 

Less than $25,000 

5.25% 

5.54% 

5.00% 

 

$25,000 but less than $50,000 

4.75% 

4.99% 

4.50% 

 

$50,000 but less than $100,000 

4.00% 

4.17% 

3.75% 

 

$100,000 but less than $250,000 

3.00% 

3.09% 

2.75% 

 

$250,000 but less than $500,000 

2.50% 

2.56% 

2.25% 

 

$500,000 but less than $1 million 

2.00% 

2.04% 

1.80% 

 

$1 million and over*

0.00% 

0.00% 

0.00% 

 

* The Distributor may pay a commission of up to 1.00% to a Financial Intermediary for purchase amounts of $1 million or more.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Shareholder Information

Shareholder Information (Con’t)

You may benefit from a reduced sales charge schedule (i.e., breakpoint discount) for purchases of Class A shares of a Fund, by combining, in a single transaction, your purchase with purchases of Class A shares of the Fund by the following related accounts (“Related Accounts”):

 

A single account (including an individual, a joint account, a trust or fiduciary account).

 

A family member account (limited to spouse, and children under the age of 21, but including trust accounts established solely for the benefit of a spouse, or children under the age of 21).

 

An UGMA/UTMA (Uniform Gifts to Minors Act/Uniform Transfers to Minors Act) account.

 

An individual retirement account (“IRA”).
 

Investments made through employer-sponsored retirement plan accounts will not be aggregated with individual accounts.

Investments of $1 million or more are not subject to an initial sales charge, but are generally subject to a CDSC of 1.00% on sales made within 18 months after the last day of the month of purchase. See “—How to Redeem Fund Shares” below for more information about how the CDSC is assessed.

In addition to investments of $1 million or more, purchases of Class A shares are not subject to a front-end sales charge if your account qualifies under one of the following categories:

 

Sales through banks, broker-dealers and other financial institutions (including registered investment advisers and financial planners) purchasing shares on behalf of their clients in (i) discretionary and non-discretionary advisory programs, (ii) asset allocation programs, (iii) other programs in which the client pays an asset-based fee for advice or for executing transactions in Fund shares or for otherwise participating in the program or (iv) certain other investment programs that do not charge an asset-based fee, as outlined in an agreement between the Distributor and such financial institution.

 

Sales through Financial Intermediaries who have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Fund shares to self-directed investment brokerage accounts, which may or may not charge a transaction fee.

 

Qualified state tuition plans described in Section 529 of the Code (subject to all applicable terms and conditions).

 

Defined contribution, defined benefit and other employer-sponsored employee benefit plans, whether or not qualified under the Code, where such plans purchase Class A shares through a plan-level or omnibus account sponsored or serviced by a Financial Intermediary that has an agreement with the Fund, the Distributor and/or the Adviser pursuant to which Class A shares are available to such plans without an initial sales charge.

 

Certain retirement and deferred compensation programs established by Morgan Stanley Investment Management or its affiliates for their employees or the Company’s Directors.

 

Current or retired Directors or Trustees of the Morgan Stanley Funds (as defined below), such persons’ spouses, and children under the age of 21, and trust accounts for which any of such persons is a beneficiary.

 

Current or retired directors, officers and employees of Morgan Stanley and any of its subsidiaries, such persons’ spouses, and children under the age of 21, and trust accounts for which any of such persons is a beneficiary.

 

Certain other registered open-end investment companies whose shares are distributed by the Distributor.

 

Investments made in connection with certain mergers and/or reorganizations as approved by the Adviser.

 

The reinvestment of dividends from Class A shares of a Fund in additional Class A shares of the same Fund.
 

Certain waivers may not be available depending on the policies at certain Financial Intermediaries. Please consult your Financial Intermediary for more information. For specific information with respect to sales charge waivers and discounts available through a specific Financial Intermediary, please refer to Appendix A attached to this Prospectus.

Combined Purchase Privilege
 You will have the benefit of a reduced sales charge by combining your purchase of Class A shares of a Fund in a single transaction with your purchase of Class A shares of any other Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund (as defined herein) for any Related Account except for purchases of shares of Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund Trust Short Duration Income or Ultra-Short Income Portfolios.

Right of Accumulation
 Your sales charge may be reduced if you invest $25,000 or more in a single transaction, as calculated below:

(a) the NAV of Class A shares of a Fund being purchased plus the total of the NAV of any Class A, Class L and Class C shares of the Fund held in Related Accounts as of the transaction date,

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Shareholder Information

Shareholder Information (Con’t)

(b) plus the total of the NAV of Class A, Class B, Class L and Class C Shares of any other Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund (including shares of Morgan Stanley Money Market Funds (as defined herein) that you acquired in a prior exchange of Class A shares of the Fund or Class A shares of another Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund, excluding the Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund Trust Short Duration Income or Ultra-Short Income Portfolios, held in Related Accounts as of the transaction date.

Notification
 You must notify your Financial Intermediary (or the Transfer Agent, if you purchase shares of a Fund directly through the Company) at the time a purchase order is placed, that the purchase qualifies for a reduced sales charge under any of the privileges discussed above. The reduced sales charge will not be granted if: (i) notification is not furnished at the time of the order; or (ii) a review of the records of your Financial Intermediary or the Company’s transfer agent, DST, does not confirm your represented holdings. Certain waivers may not be available depending on the policies at certain Financial Intermediaries. Please consult your Financial Intermediary for more information.

In order to obtain a reduced sales charge for Class A shares of a Fund under any of the privileges discussed above, it may be necessary at the time of purchase for you to inform your Financial Intermediary (or the Transfer Agent, if you purchase shares of a Fund directly through the Company) of the existence of any Related Accounts in which there are holdings eligible to be aggregated to meet the sales load breakpoint and/or right of accumulation threshold. In order to verify your eligibility, you may be required to provide account statements and/or confirmations regarding your purchases and/or holdings of any Class A shares of a Fund or any other Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund (including shares of Morgan Stanley Money Market Funds which you acquired in an exchange from Class A shares of a Fund or any other Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund except Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund Trust Short Duration Income and Ultra-Short Income Portfolios) held in all Related Accounts at your Financial Intermediary, in order to determine whether you have met the sales load breakpoint and/or right of accumulation threshold.

Letter of Intent
 The above schedule of reduced sales charges for larger purchases also will be available to you if you enter into a written “Letter of Intent.” A Letter of Intent provides for the purchase of Class A shares of a Fund and Class A shares of other Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Funds, except Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund Trust Short Duration Income and Ultra-Short Income Portfolios, within a 13-month period. The initial purchase of Class A shares of a Fund under a Letter of Intent must be at least 5% of the stated investment goal. The Letter of Intent does not preclude a Fund (or any other Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund) from discontinuing sales of its shares. To determine the applicable sales charge reduction, you may also include (1) the cost of Class A shares of a Fund or any other Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund which were previously purchased at a price including a front-end sales charge during the 90-day period prior to the Distributor receiving the Letter of Intent and (2) the historical cost of shares of any Morgan Stanley Money Market Fund which you acquired in an exchange from Class A shares of a Fund or any other Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund purchased during that period at a price including a front-end sales charge. You may also combine purchases and exchanges by any Related Accounts during such 90-day period. You should retain any records necessary to substantiate historical costs because the Fund, DST and your Financial Intermediary may not maintain this information. You can obtain a Letter of Intent by contacting your Financial Intermediary. If you do not achieve the stated investment goal within the 13-month period, you are required to pay the difference between the sales charges otherwise applicable and sales charges actually paid, which may be deducted from your investment. Shares acquired through reinvestment of distributions are not aggregated to achieve the stated investment goal.

Conversion Features

A shareholder currently holding Class A shares of a Fund in a fee-based advisory program (“Advisory Program”) account, or currently holding Class A shares in a brokerage account but wishing to transfer into an Advisory Program account, may convert such shares to Class I shares of the Fund within the Advisory Program at any time. In addition, a shareholder holding Class C shares of a Fund through a brokerage account may convert such shares to either Class A or Class I shares of the Fund within an Advisory Program at any time. Such conversions will be on the basis of the relative NAVs, without requiring any investment minimum to be met and without the imposition of any redemption fee or other charge. If a CDSC is applicable to such Class A or Class C shares, then the conversion may not occur until after the shareholder has held the shares for an 18-month or 12-month period, respectively, except that, effective May 1, 2017, a CDSC applicable to Class A and Class C shares converted to Class I shares through Traditional IRAs, Roth IRAs, Rollover IRAs, Inherited IRAs, SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs, BASIC Plans, Educational Savings Accounts and Medical Savings Accounts on the Merrill Lynch platform will be waived. With respect to Class A shares, Merrill Lynch will remit to the Distributor the full amount of the CDSC otherwise payable upon sale of such shares. With respect to Class C shares, Merrill Lynch will remit the portion of the payment to be made to the Distributor in an amount equal to the CDSC multiplied by the number of months remaining on the CDSC period divided by the maximum number of months of the CDSC period.

Furthermore, the Adviser may in its sole discretion permit a conversion of one share Class to another share Class of the same Fund in certain other circumstances, provided that the Fund’s eligibility requirements are met, and subject to the shareholder’s consent. Such conversions will be on the basis of the relative NAVs and without the imposition of any redemption fee or other charge.

A conversion of shares of one Class directly for shares of another Class of the same Fund normally should not be taxable for federal income tax purposes.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Shareholder Information

Shareholder Information (Con’t)

Please ask your financial advisor if you are eligible for converting a Class of shares pursuant to these conversion features. You should talk to your tax advisor before making a conversion.

General

Shares of a Fund may, in the Fund’s discretion, be purchased with investment securities (in lieu of or, in conjunction with, cash) acceptable to the Fund. The securities would be accepted by the Fund at their market value in return for Fund shares of equal value, taking into account any applicable sales charge.

To help the U.S. Government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account. What this means to you: when you open an account, we will ask your name, address, date of birth and other information that will allow us to identify you. If we are unable to verify your identity, we reserve the right to restrict additional transactions and/or liquidate your account at the next calculated NAV after your account is closed (less any applicable sales/account charges and/or tax penalties) or take any other action required by law. In accordance with federal law requirements, the Fund has implemented an anti-money laundering compliance program, which includes the designation of an anti-money laundering compliance officer.

When you buy Fund shares, the shares (plus any applicable sales charge) will be purchased at the next share price calculated after we receive your purchase order in good order. Purchase orders not received in good order prior to Pricing Time will be executed at the NAV next determined after the purchase order is received in good order. Certain institutional investors and financial institutions have entered into arrangements with the Fund, the Adviser and/or the Distributor pursuant to which they may place orders prior to the Pricing Time, but make payment in Federal Funds for those shares up to three days after the purchase order is placed, depending on the arrangement. We reserve the right to reject any order for the purchase of Fund shares for any reason.

The Company may suspend the offering of shares, or any Class of shares, of the Funds or reject any purchase orders when we think it is in the best interest of the Funds.

Certain patterns of past exchanges and/or purchase or sale transactions involving a Fund may result in the Fund rejecting, limiting or prohibiting, at its sole discretion, and without prior notice, additional purchases and/or exchanges and may result in a shareholder’s account being closed. Determinations in this regard may be made based on the frequency or dollar amount of previous exchanges or purchase or sale transactions. See “Frequent Purchases and Redemptions of Shares.”

How To Redeem Fund Shares

You may process a redemption request by contacting your Financial Intermediary. Otherwise, you may redeem shares of a Fund by mail or, if authorized, by telephone, at no charge other than as described below. The value of shares redeemed may be more or less than the purchase price, depending on the NAV at the time of redemption. Shares of a Fund will be redeemed at the NAV next determined after we receive your redemption request in good order and will be reduced by the amount of any applicable CDSC.

With respect to Class A and Class C shares, the CDSC is assessed on an amount equal to the lesser of the then market value of the shares or the historical cost of the shares (which is the amount actually paid for the shares at the time of original purchase) being redeemed. Accordingly, no sales charge is imposed on increases in NAV above the initial purchase price. In determining whether a CDSC applies to a redemption, it is assumed that the shares being redeemed first are any shares in the shareholder’s account that are not subject to a CDSC, followed by shares held the longest in the shareholder’s account. A CDSC may be waived under certain circumstances. See the Class A and Class C CDSC waiver categories below.

Redemptions by Letter
 Requests should be addressed to Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc., c/o DST Asset Manager Solutions, Inc., P.O. Box 219804, Kansas City, MO 64121-9804.

To be in good order, redemption requests must include the following documentation:

(a)  A letter of instruction, if required, or a stock assignment specifying the account name, the account number, the name of the Fund and the number of shares or dollar amount to be redeemed, signed by all registered owners of the shares in the exact names in which the shares are registered, and whether you wish to receive the redemption proceeds by check or by wire to the bank account we have on file for you;

(b)  Any required signature guarantees if you are requesting payment to anyone other than the registered owner(s) or that payment be sent to any address other than the address of the registered owner(s) or pre-designated bank account; and

(c)  Other supporting legal documents, if required, in the case of estates, trusts, guardianships, custodianship, corporations, pension and profit sharing plans and other organizations.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Shareholder Information

Shareholder Information (Con’t)

Redemptions by Telephone
 You automatically have telephone redemption and exchange privileges unless you indicate otherwise by checking the applicable box on the New Account Application or calling DST to opt out of such privileges. You may request a redemption of shares of a Fund by calling the Fund at 1-800-548-7786 and requesting that the redemption proceeds be mailed or wired to you. You cannot redeem shares of a Fund by telephone if you hold share certificates for those shares. For your protection when calling the Fund, we will employ reasonable procedures to confirm that instructions communicated over the telephone are genuine. These procedures may include requiring various forms of personal identification (such as name, mailing address, social security number or other tax identification number), tape-recording telephone communications and providing written confirmation of instructions communicated by telephone. If reasonable procedures are employed, none of Morgan Stanley, DST or the Fund will be liable for following telephone instructions which it reasonably believes to be genuine. Telephone redemptions and exchanges may not be available if you cannot reach DST by telephone, whether because all telephone lines are busy or for any other reason; in such case, a shareholder would have to use the Fund’s other redemption and exchange procedures described in this section. Telephone instructions will be accepted if received by DST between 9:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. Eastern time on any day the NYSE is open for business. During periods of drastic economic or market changes, it is possible that the telephone privileges may be difficult to implement, although this has not been the case with the Fund in the past. To opt out of telephone privileges, please contact DST at 1-800-548-7786.

Systematic Withdrawal Plan
 If your investment in all of the Morgan Stanley Funds (as defined below) has a total market value of at least $10,000, you may elect to withdraw amounts of $25 or more, or in any whole percentage of a fund’s balance (provided the amount is at least $25), on a monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual basis, from any fund with a balance of at least $1,000. Each time you add a fund to the plan, you must meet the plan requirements.

Amounts withdrawn are subject to any applicable CDSC. A CDSC may be waived under certain circumstances. See the Class A and Class C CDSC waiver categories listed below.

To sign up for the systematic withdrawal plan, contact your Morgan Stanley Financial Advisor or call toll-free (800) 548-7786. You may terminate or suspend your plan at any time. Please remember that withdrawals from the plan are sales of shares, not Fund “distributions,” and ultimately may exhaust your account balance. The Fund may terminate or revise the plan at any time.

CDSC Waivers on Class A and Class C Shares
 The CDSC on Class A and Class C shares will be waived in connection with sales of Class A and Class C shares for which no commission or transaction fee was paid by the Distributor or Financial Intermediary at the time of purchase of such shares. In addition, a CDSC, if otherwise applicable, will be waived in the case of:

 

Sales of shares held at the time you die or become disabled (within the definition in Section 72(m)(7) of the Code, which relates to the ability to engage in gainful employment), if the shares are: (i) registered either in your individual name or in the names of you and your spouse as joint tenants with right of survivorship; (ii) registered in the name of a trust of which (a) you are the settlor and that is revocable by you (i.e., a “living trust”) or (b) you and your spouse are the settlors and that is revocable by you or your spouse (i.e., a “joint living trust”); or (iii) held in a qualified corporate or self-employed retirement plan, IRA or 403(b) Custodial Account; provided in either case that the sale is requested within one year after your death or initial determination of disability.

 

Sales in connection with the following retirement plan “distributions”: (i) lump-sum or other distributions from a qualified corporate or self-employed retirement plan following retirement (or, in the case of a “key employee” of a “top heavy” plan, following attainment of age 59 1/2); (ii) required minimum distributions and certain other distributions (such as those following attainment of age 59 1/2) from an IRA or 403(b) Custodial Account; or (iii) a tax-free return of an excess IRA contribution (a distribution does not include a direct transfer of IRA, 403(b) Custodial Account or retirement plan assets to a successor custodian or trustee).

 

Sales of shares in connection with the systematic withdrawal plan of up to 12% annually of the value of each fund from which plan sales are made. The percentage is determined on the date you establish the systematic withdrawal plan and based on the next calculated share price. You may have this CDSC waiver applied in amounts up to 1% per month, 3% per quarter, 6% semi-annually or 12% annually. Shares with no CDSC will be sold first, followed by those with the lowest CDSC. As such, the waiver benefit will be reduced by the amount of your shares that are not subject to a CDSC. If you suspend your participation in the plan, you may later resume plan payments without requiring a new determination of the account value for the 12% CDSC waiver.
 

The Distributor may require confirmation of your entitlement before granting a CDSC waiver. If you believe you are eligible for a CDSC waiver, please contact your Financial Intermediary or call toll-free 1-800-548-7786.

Redemption Proceeds
 Each Fund typically expects to pay redemption proceeds to you within three business days following receipt of your redemption request for those payments made to your brokerage account held with a financial intermediary. For redemption proceeds that are

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Shareholder Information

Shareholder Information (Con’t)

paid directly to you by a Fund, the Fund typically expects to pay redemption proceeds by check or by wire to you within one business day, following receipt of your redemption request; however, in all cases, it may take up to seven calendar days to pay redemption proceeds. However, if you purchased shares of a Fund by check, the Fund will not distribute redemption proceeds until it has collected your purchase payment, which may take up to 15 calendar days.

Each Fund typically expects to meet redemption requests by using a combination of sales of securities held by the Fund and/or holdings of cash and cash equivalents. On a less regular basis, each Fund also reserves the right to use borrowings or interfund lending to meet redemption requests, and the Fund may use these methods during both normal and stressed market conditions.

If we determine that it is in the best interest of the Company or a Fund not to pay redemption proceeds in cash, we may distribute to you securities held by a Fund. If requested, we will pay a portion of your redemption(s) in cash (during any 90 day period) up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the net assets of a Fund at the beginning of such period. If the Fund redeems your shares in-kind, you will bear any market risks associated with the securities paid as redemption proceeds. Such in-kind securities may be illiquid and difficult or impossible for a shareholder to sell at a time and at a price that a shareholder would like. Redemptions paid in such securities generally will give rise to income, gain or loss for income tax purposes in the same manner as redemptions paid in cash. In addition, you may incur brokerage costs and a further gain or loss for income tax purposes when you ultimately sell the securities.

Exchange Privilege

You may exchange shares of any Class of a Fund for the same Class of shares of any mutual fund (excluding money market funds) sponsored and advised by the Adviser (each, a “Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund”), if available, without the imposition of an exchange fee. Front-end sales charges (loads) are not imposed on exchanges of Class A shares. In addition, you may exchange shares of any Class of a Fund for shares of Morgan Stanley California Tax-Free Daily Income Trust, Morgan Stanley New York Municipal Money Market Trust, Morgan Stanley Tax- Free Daily Income Trust and Morgan Stanley U.S. Government Money Market Trust (each, a “Morgan Stanley Money Market Fund” and, together with the Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Funds, the “Morgan Stanley Funds”), if available, without the imposition of an exchange fee. Because purchases of Class A shares of Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund Trust Short Duration Income and Ultra-Short Income Portfolios are not subject to a sales charge, you will be subject to the payment of a sales charge, at time of exchange into Class A shares of a Morgan Stanley Fund, based on the amount that you would have owed if you directly purchased Class A shares of that Morgan Stanley Fund (less any sales charge previously paid in connection with shares exchanged for such shares of Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund Trust Short Duration Income or Ultra-Short Income Portfolios, as applicable). Exchanges are effected based on the respective NAVs of the applicable Morgan Stanley Fund (subject to any applicable redemption fee) and in accordance with the eligibility requirements of such Fund. To obtain a prospectus for another Morgan Stanley Fund, contact your Financial Intermediary or call the Fund at 1-800-548-7786. If you purchased Fund shares through a Financial Intermediary, certain Morgan Stanley Funds may be unavailable for exchange. Contact your Financial Intermediary to determine which Morgan Stanley Funds are available for exchange.

The current prospectus for each Morgan Stanley Fund describes its investment objective(s), policies and investment minimums, and should be read before investment. Since exchanges are available only into continuously offered Morgan Stanley Funds, exchanges are not available into Morgan Stanley Funds or classes of Morgan Stanley Funds that are not currently being offered for purchase.

You can process your exchange by contacting your Financial Intermediary. You may also send exchange requests to the Company’s transfer agent, DST, by mail to Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc., c/o DST Asset Manager Solutions, Inc., P.O. Box 219804, Kansas City, MO 64121-9804 or by calling 1-800-548-7786.

There are special considerations when you exchange Class A and Class C shares of a Fund that are subject to a CDSC. When determining the length of time you held the Class A or Class C shares, any period (starting at the end of the month) during which you held such shares will be counted. In addition, any period (starting at the end of the month) during which you held (i) Class A or Class C shares of other funds of the Company; (ii) Class A or Class C shares of a Morgan Stanley Multi-Class Fund; or (iii) shares of a Morgan Stanley Money Market Fund, any of which you acquired in an exchange from such Class A or Class C shares of a Fund, will also be counted; however, if you sell shares of (a) such other funds of the Company; (b) the Morgan Stanley Multi- Class Fund; or (c) the Morgan Stanley Money Market Fund, before the expiration of the CDSC “holding period,” you will be charged the CDSC applicable to such shares.

When you exchange for shares of another Morgan Stanley Fund, your transaction will be treated the same as an initial purchase. You will be subject to the same minimum initial investment and account size as an initial purchase. Your exchange price will be the price calculated at the next Pricing Time after the Morgan Stanley Fund receives your exchange order. The Morgan Stanley Fund, in its sole discretion, may waive the minimum initial investment amount in certain cases. For direct accounts, the check writing privilege is not available for Morgan Stanley Money Market Fund shares you acquire in an exchange from a non-money market fund. If you are investing through a financial advisor, check with your advisor regarding the availability of check writing privileges. The Fund may terminate or revise the exchange privilege upon required notice or in certain cases without notice. The Fund reserves the right to reject an exchange order for any reason.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Shareholder Information

Shareholder Information (Con’t)

If you exchange shares of a Fund for shares of another Morgan Stanley Fund, there are important tax considerations. For tax purposes, the exchange out of a Fund is considered a sale of Fund shares and the exchange into the other fund is considered a purchase. As a result, you may realize a capital gain or loss. You should review the “Taxes” section and consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an exchange.

Frequent Purchases and Redemptions of Shares

Frequent purchases and redemptions of shares by Fund shareholders are referred to as “market-timing” or “short-term trading” and may present risks for other shareholders of a Fund, which may include, among other things, diluting the value of a Fund’s shares held by long-term shareholders, interfering with the efficient management of the Fund, increasing brokerage and administrative costs, incurring unwanted taxable gains and forcing the Fund to hold excess levels of cash.

In addition, a Fund is subject to the risk that market-timers and/or short-term traders may take advantage of time zone differences between the foreign markets on which a Fund’s securities trade and the time the Fund’s NAV is calculated (“time-zone arbitrage”). For example, a market-timer may purchase shares of a Fund based on events occurring after foreign market closing prices are established, but before the Fund’s NAV calculation, that are likely to result in higher prices in foreign markets the following day. The market-timer would redeem the Fund’s shares the next day when the Fund’s share price would reflect the increased prices in foreign markets for a quick profit at the expense of long-term Fund shareholders.

Investments in other types of securities also may be susceptible to short-term trading strategies. These investments include securities that are, among other things, thinly traded, traded infrequently or relatively illiquid, which have the risk that the current market price for the securities may not accurately reflect current market values. A shareholder may seek to engage in short-term trading to take advantage of these pricing differences (referred to as “price arbitrage”). Investments in certain fixed income securities may be adversely affected by price arbitrage trading strategies.

The Company discourages and does not accommodate frequent purchases and redemptions of Fund shares by Fund shareholders and the Company’s Board of Directors has adopted policies and procedures with respect to such frequent purchases and redemptions.

The Company’s policies with respect to purchases, redemptions and exchanges of Fund shares are described in the “Shareholder Information—How To Purchase Fund Shares,” “Shareholder Information—Sales Charges Applicable to Purchases of Class A Shares,” “Shareholder Information—General,” “Shareholder Information—How To Redeem Fund Shares” and “Shareholder Information—Exchange Privilege” sections of this Prospectus. Except as described in each of these sections, and with respect to trades that occur through omnibus accounts at Financial Intermediaries, as described below, the Company’s policies regarding frequent trading of Fund shares are applied uniformly to all shareholders. With respect to trades that occur through omnibus accounts at Financial Intermediaries, such as investment advisers, broker-dealers, transfer agents and third-party administrators, the Fund (i) has requested assurance that such Financial Intermediaries currently selling Fund shares have in place internal policies and procedures reasonably designed to address market-timing concerns and has instructed such Financial Intermediaries to notify the Fund immediately if they are unable to comply with such policies and procedures and (ii) requires all prospective Financial Intermediaries to agree to cooperate in enforcing the Company’s policies (or, upon prior written approval only, a Financial Intermediary’s own policies) with respect to frequent purchases, redemptions and exchanges of Fund shares.

With respect to trades that occur through omnibus accounts at Financial Intermediaries, to some extent, the Fund relies on the Financial Intermediary to monitor frequent short-term trading within a Fund by the Financial Intermediary’s customers and to collect the Fund’s redemption fee, as applicable, from its customers. However, the Fund has entered into agreements with Financial Intermediaries whereby Financial Intermediaries are required to provide certain customer identification and transaction information upon the Fund’s request. The Fund may use this information to help identify and prevent market-timing activity in the Fund. There can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to identify or prevent all market-timing activities.

Dividends and Distributions

The Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio’s policy is to distribute to shareholders substantially all of its net investment income, if any, in the form of an annual dividend and to distribute net realized capital gains, if any, at least annually.

The Real Assets Portfolio’s policy is to distribute to shareholders substantially all of its net investment income, if any, in the form of a quarterly dividend and to distribute net realized capital gains, if any, at least annually.

The Fund automatically reinvests all dividends and distributions in additional shares. However, you may elect to receive distributions in cash by giving written notice to the Fund or your Financial Intermediary or by checking the appropriate box in the Distribution Option section on the New Account Application.

Taxes

The dividends and distributions you receive from a Fund may be subject to federal, state and local taxation, depending on your tax situation. The tax treatment of dividends and distributions is the same whether or not you reinvest them. Dividends paid by a Fund

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Shareholder Information

Shareholder Information (Con’t)

that are attributable to “qualified dividends” received by the Fund may be taxed at reduced rates to individual shareholders (either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts), if certain requirements are met by the Fund and the shareholders. “Qualified dividends” include dividends distributed by certain foreign corporations (generally, corporations incorporated in a possession of the United States, some corporations eligible for treaty benefits under a treaty with the United States and corporations whose stock with respect to which such dividend is paid is readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States, but not including passive foreign investment companies). Dividends paid by a Fund not attributable to “qualified dividends” received by a Fund, including distributions of short-term capital gains, will generally be taxed at normal tax rates applicable to ordinary income. Generally, dividends paid by REITs will be comprised of investment income, long-term capital gains and returns of capital, each of which may be passed on to shareholders of the Fund. The maximum individual rate applicable to long-term capital gains (including capital gain dividends received from the Fund) is generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. A Fund may be able to pass through to you a credit for foreign income taxes it pays. The Fund will tell you annually how to treat dividends and distributions.

Under recent tax legislation, individuals and certain other noncorporate entities are generally eligible for a 20% deduction with respect to taxable income from MLPs as well as taxable ordinary dividends from REITs. Currently, there is not a regulatory mechanism for regulated investment companies such as the Funds to pass through the 20% deduction to shareholders. As a result, in comparison, investors investing directly in MLPs or REITs would generally be eligible for the 20% deduction for such taxable income from these investments while investors investing in REITs or MLPs held indirectly if any through the Funds would not be eligible for the 20% deduction for their share of such taxable income.

If you redeem shares of a Fund, you may be subject to tax on any gains you earn based on your holding period for the shares and your marginal tax rate. An exchange of shares of a Fund for shares of another Fund is treated for tax purposes as a sale of the original shares in the Fund, followed by the purchase of shares in the other Fund. Conversions of shares between classes will not result in taxation.

If you buy shares of a Fund before a distribution, you will be subject to tax on the entire amount of the taxable distribution you receive. Distributions are taxable to you even if they are paid from income or gain earned by a Fund before your investment (and thus were included in the price you paid for your Fund shares).

An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from a Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Fund shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.

The Real Assets Portfolio may seek to gain commodity exposure through investments in underlying funds that are treated as “qualified publicly traded partnerships” or grantor trusts for federal income tax purposes. Investments by the Fund in qualified publicly traded partnerships and grantor trusts that engage in commodity trading must be monitored and limited so as to enable the Fund to satisfy certain asset diversification and qualifying income tests for qualification as a regulated investment company. Failure to satisfy either test would jeopardize the Fund’s status as a regulated investment company, which could result in material adverse consequences to the Fund.

Shareholders who are not citizens or residents of the United States and certain foreign entities will generally be subject to withholding of U.S. tax of 30% on distributions made by a Fund of investment income and short-term capital gains and, under certain circumstances, at the rate of 21% on certain capital gain dividends.

The Funds are required to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of taxable dividends and (effective January 1, 2019) redemption proceeds and certain capital gain dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive new reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders may be requested to provide additional information to the Funds to enable the Funds to determine whether withholding is required.

The Funds (or their administrative agent) are required to report to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and furnish to Fund shareholders the cost basis information for sale transactions of shares purchased on or after January 1, 2012. Shareholders may elect to have one of several cost basis methods applied to their account when calculating the cost basis of shares sold, including average cost, FIFO (“first-in, first-out”) or some other specific identification method. Unless you instruct otherwise, each Fund will use average cost as its default cost basis method, and will treat sales as first coming from shares purchased prior to January 1, 2012. If average cost is used for the first sale of Fund shares covered by these new rules, the shareholder may only use an alternative cost basis method for shares purchased prospectively. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisors to determine the best cost basis method for their tax situation.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Shareholder Information

Shareholder Information (Con’t)

The Funds may be required to withhold U.S. federal income tax (currently, at a rate of 24%) (“backup withholding”) from all taxable distributions payable to (1) any shareholder who fails to furnish the Funds with its correct taxpayer identification number or a certificate that the shareholder is exempt from backup withholding, and (2) any shareholder with respect to whom the IRS notifies a Fund that the shareholder has failed to properly report certain interest and dividend income to the IRS and to respond to notices to that effect. An individual’s taxpayer identification number is his or her social security number. The 24% backup withholding tax is not an additional tax and may be credited against a taxpayer’s regular federal income tax liability.

Because each investor’s tax circumstances are unique and the tax laws may change, you should consult your tax advisor about your investment.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Shareholder Information

Shareholder Information (Con’t)

The Company currently consists of the following Funds:

U.S. Equity
 Advantage Portfolio
 Fundamental Multi-Cap Core Portfolio*
 Growth Portfolio
 Insight Portfolio
 Small Company Growth Portfolio
 US Core Portfolio*

Global and International Equity
 Active International Allocation Portfolio
 Asia Opportunity Portfolio*
 Emerging Markets Breakout Nations Portfolio*
 Emerging Markets Leaders Portfolio*
 Emerging Markets Portfolio
 Emerging Markets Small Cap Portfolio*
 Frontier Markets Portfolio
 Global Advantage Portfolio
 Global Concentrated Portfolio*
 Global Core Portfolio*
 Global Counterpoint Portfolio*
 Global Discovery Portfolio
 Global Franchise Portfolio
 Global Insight Portfolio
 Global Opportunity Portfolio
 Global Sustain Portfolio
 International Advantage Portfolio
 International Equity Portfolio
 International Opportunity Portfolio

Fixed Income
 Emerging Markets Fixed Income Opportunities Portfolio

Asset Allocation
 Multi-Asset Portfolio

Listed Real Asset
 Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio
 Global Infrastructure Portfolio
 Global Real Estate Portfolio
 International Real Estate Portfolio
 Real Assets Portfolio
 U.S. Real Estate Portfolio

The Company has suspended offering Class L shares of each Fund to all investors.

* The Asia Opportunity, Emerging Markets Breakout Nations, Emerging Markets Leaders, Emerging Markets Small Cap, Fundamental Multi-Cap Core, Global Concentrated, Global Concentrated Real Estate, Global Core, Global Counterpoint, Real Assets and US Core Portfolios do not offer Class L shares. The Fundamental Multi-Cap Core Portfolio is not yet in operation; accordingly, it is not currently offered to investors.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Financial Highlights

Financial Highlights

No financial information is provided for the Funds because they had not commenced operations as of the date of this Prospectus. Financial information will be provided in the first report to shareholders after commencement of operations of each Fund.

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus  |  Appendix

Appendix A

Intermediary-Specific Sales Charge Waivers and Discounts

The availability of certain sales charge waivers and discounts will depend on whether you purchase your shares directly from the Fund or through a Financial Intermediary. Financial Intermediaries may have different policies and procedures regarding the availability of front-end sales charge waivers or CDSC waivers, which are discussed below. In all instances, it is the purchaser’s responsibility to notify the Fund or the purchaser’s Financial Intermediary at the time of purchase of any relationship or other facts qualifying the purchaser for sales charge waivers or discounts. For waivers and discounts not available through a particular Financial Intermediary, shareholders will have to purchase Fund shares directly from the Fund (or the Distributor) or through another Financial Intermediary to receive these waivers or discounts. A Financial Intermediary’s administration and implementation of its particular policies with respect to any variations, waivers and/or discounts is neither supervised nor verified by the Fund, the Adviser or the Distributor. The Fund and the Distributor do not provide investment advice or recommendations or any form of tax or legal advice to existing or potential shareholders with respect to investment transactions involving the Fund.

*****

Effective May 1, 2017, shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Merrill Lynch platform or account are eligible only for the following load waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and CDSC waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund’s Prospectus or SAI and are subject to change.

Front-end Sales Load Waivers on Class A Shares available at Merrill Lynch

 

Employer-sponsored retirement, deferred compensation and employee benefit plans (including health savings accounts) and trusts used to fund those plans, provided that the shares are not held in a commission-based brokerage account and shares are held for the benefit of the plan

 

Shares purchased by or through a 529 Plan

 

Shares purchased through a Merrill Lynch affiliated investment advisory program

 

Shares purchased by third party investment advisors on behalf of their advisory clients through Merrill Lynch’s platform

 

Shares of funds purchased through the Merrill Edge Self-Directed platform

 

Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same fund (but not any other fund within the fund family)

 

Shares exchanged from Class C (i.e. level-load) shares of the same fund in the month of or following the 10-year anniversary of the purchase date. To the extent that this prospectus elsewhere provides for a conversion with respect to such shares (or any other Class of shares) to load waived shares following a shorter holding period, that conversion right will apply following such shorter period

 

Employees and registered representatives of Merrill Lynch or its affiliates and their family members

 

(i) Current and retired Directors or Trustees of the Morgan Stanley Funds, such persons’ spouses, and children under the age of 21, and trust accounts for which any of such persons is a beneficiary; (ii) current or retired directors, officers and employees of Morgan Stanley and any of its subsidiaries, such persons’ spouses, and children under the age of 21, and trust accounts for which any of such persons is a beneficiary; and (iii) certain retirement and deferred compensation programs established by Morgan Stanley Investment Management or its affiliates for their employees or the Company’s Directors, as described in this Prospectus

 

Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales load (known as Rights of Reinstatement)
 

CDSC Waivers on A, B and C Shares available at Merrill Lynch

 

Death or disability of the shareholder

 

Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund’s Prospectus

 

Return of excess contributions from an IRA Account

 

Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the shareholder reaching age 70˝

 

Shares sold to pay Merrill Lynch fees but only if the transaction is initiated by Merrill Lynch

 

Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement

 

Shares held in retirement brokerage accounts, that are exchanged for a lower cost share class due to transfer to certain fee based accounts or platforms (applicable to A and C shares only)
 

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Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Prospectus | Appendix

Appendix A (Con’t)

Front-end Load Discounts Available at Merrill Lynch: Breakpoints, Rights of Accumulation & Letters of Intent

 

Breakpoints as described in this Prospectus

 

Rights of Accumulation (ROA) which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of fund family assets held by accounts within the purchaser’s household at Merrill Lynch. Eligible fund family assets not held at Merrill Lynch may be included in the ROA calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets

 

Letters of Intent (LOI) which allow for breakpoint discounts based on anticipated purchases within a fund family, through Merrill Lynch, over a 13-month period of time
 

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Where to Find Additional Information

In addition to this Prospectus, the Funds have a Statement of Additional Information, dated May 29, 2018 (as may be supplemented from time to time), which contains additional, more detailed information about the Company and the Funds. The Statement of Additional Information is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus and, therefore, legally forms a part of this Prospectus.

Shareholder Reports

The Company publishes Annual and Semi-Annual Reports to Shareholders (“Shareholder Reports”) that contain additional information about the respective Fund’s investments. In each Fund’s Annual Report to Shareholders you will find a discussion of the market conditions and the investment strategies that significantly affected such Fund’s performance during the last fiscal year. For additional Company information, including information regarding the investments comprising each of the Funds, please call the toll-free number below.

You may obtain the Statement of Additional Information and Shareholder Reports without charge by contacting the Company at the toll-free number below or on our internet site at: www.morganstanley.com/im. If you purchased shares through a Financial Intermediary, you may also obtain these documents, without charge, by contacting your Financial Intermediary.

Information about the Company (including the Statement of Additional Information and Shareholder Reports) can be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at (202) 551-8090. Shareholder Reports and other information about the Fund are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov, and copies of this information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-1520.

Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc.
 c/o DST Asset Manager Solutions, Inc.
 P.O. Box 219804
 Kansas City, MO 64121-9804

For Shareholder Inquiries,
 call toll-free 1-800-548-7786.

Prices and Investment Results are available at www.morganstanley.com/im.

The Company’s 1940 Act registration number is 811-05624.

© 2018 Morgan Stanley.

IFIGLCONREPRO

 

 

 

 

 

MORGAN STANLEY INSTITUTIONAL FUND, INC.

 Statement of Additional Information

May 29, 2018

Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. (the “Company”) is an open-end management investment company consisting of 33 funds offering a variety of investment alternatives. This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) sets forth information applicable to the Class I, Class A, Class C and Class IS shares of the Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio and the Real Assets Portfolio (each a “Fund” and collectively the “Funds”).

 

Share Class and Ticker Symbol

 

I 

A 

C 

IS 

LISTED REAL ASSET FUNDS:

 

 

 

 

Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio 

MCQIX 

MCQAX 

MCQCX 

MCQJX 

Real Assets Portfolio 

MRJIX 

MRJAX 

MRJCX 

MRJSX 

This SAI is not a prospectus, but should be read in conjunction with the Funds’ prospectuses, each dated May 29, 2018, as may be supplemented from time to time. To obtain any of these prospectuses, please call the Fund toll-free at 1-800-548-7786. 

The Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio is “non-diversified” and, as such, the Fund’s investments are not required to meet certain diversification requirements under federal securities law. Compared with “diversified” funds or portfolios, the Fund may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of an individual corporation or governmental entity. Thus, the Fund’s assets may be focused in fewer securities than other funds. A decline in the value of those investments could cause the Fund’s overall value to decline to a greater degree.


 

Table of Contents

Investment Policies and Strategies

1

Investment Limitations

31

Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings

32

Purchase and Redemption of Shares

34

Account Policies and Features

35

Management of the Company

37

Investment Advisory and Other Services

46

Distribution and Shareholder Services Plans

50

Brokerage Practices

52

General Information

54

Taxes

55

Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities

60

Performance Information

60

Potential Conflicts of Interest

60

Financial Statements

61

Appendix A -- Morgan Stanley Investment Management Proxy Voting Policy and
Procedures

A-1

Appendix B -- Description of Ratings

B-1


 

INVESTMENT POLICIES AND STRATEGIES 

This SAI provides additional information about the investment policies and operations of the Company and the Funds. Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc. (the “Adviser”) acts as investment adviser to each Fund.  

Under the supervision of the Adviser, Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited (“MSIM Limited”) and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Company (“MSIM Company”) act as investment sub-advisers to each Fund (MSIM Limited and MSIM Company are each referred to herein individually as the “Sub-Adviser” and together as the “Sub-Advisers”). References to the Adviser, when used in connection with its activities as investment adviser, include any Sub-Adviser acting under its supervision. 

The following table summarizes the permissible strategies and investments for each Fund. This table should be used in conjunction with the investment summaries for each Fund contained in the Prospectus in order to provide a more complete description of such Fund’s investment policies. More details about each investment and related risks are provided in the discussion following the tables.

 

Global Concentrated Real Estate 

Real Assets 

Equity Securities:

 

 

Common Stocks 

X 

X 

Depositary Receipts 

X 

X 

Preferred Stocks 

X 

X 

Rights 

X 

X 

Warrants 

X 

X 

IPOs 

X 

X 

Convertible Securities 

X 

X 

Limited Partnership and Limited Liability Company Interests 

X 

X 

Investment Company Securities 

X 

X 

Exchange-Traded Funds 

X 

X 

Real Estate Investing 

X 

X 

—REITs 

X 

X 

—Foreign Real Estate Companies 

X 

X 

—Specialized Ownership Vehicles 

X 

X 

Fixed Income Securities:

 

 

Investment Grade Securities 

X 

X 

High Yield Securities 

 

X 

U.S. Government Securities 

X 

X 

Agencies 

X 

X 

Corporates 

X 

X 

Money Market Instruments 

X 

X 

Cash Equivalents 

X 

X 

Mortgage-Related Securities 

 

X 

Repurchase Agreements 

X 

X 

Municipals 

 

X 

Asset-Backed Securities 

 

X 

Loan Participations and Assignments 

 

X 

Temporary Investments 

X 

X 

Zero Coupons, Pay-In-Kind Securities or Deferred Payment Securities 

X 

X 

Floaters 

 

X 

Inverse Floaters 

 

X 

Eurodollar and Yankee Dollar Obligations 

X 

X 

Foreign Investment:

 

 

Foreign Equity Securities 

X 

X 

Foreign Government Fixed Income Securities 

 

X 

Foreign Corporate Fixed Income Securities 

X 

X 

Emerging Market Securities 

X 

X 

Foreign Currency Transactions 

X 

X 

Brady Bonds 

X 

X 

Investment Funds 

X 

X 

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Global Concentrated Real Estate 

Real Assets 

Exchange-Listed Equities via Stock Connect Program 

 

 

Other Securities and Investment Strategies:

 

 

Loans of Portfolio Securities 

X 

X 

Non-Publicly Traded Securities, Private Placements and Restricted Securities 

X 

X 

When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Securities 

X 

X 

Borrowing for Investment Purposes 

 

X 

Temporary Borrowing 

X 

X 

Reverse Repurchase Agreements 

 

X 

Short Sales 

 

X 

Derivatives:

 

 

Forwards 

X 

X 

Futures Contracts 

X 

X 

Options 

 

X 

Swaps 

 

X 

Contracts for Difference 

 

X 

Structured Investments 

 

X 

Combined Transactions 

X 

X 

Commodity-Linked Investments 

 

X 

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EQUITY SECURITIES 

Equity securities generally represent an ownership interest in an issuer, or may be convertible into or represent a right to acquire an ownership interest in an issuer. While there are many types of equity securities, prices of all equity securities will fluctuate. Economic, political and other events may affect the prices of broad equity markets. For example, changes in inflation or consumer demand may affect the prices of equity securities generally in the United States. Similar events also may affect the prices of particular equity securities. For example, news about the success or failure of a new product may affect the price of a particular issuer’s equity securities. 

Common Stocks. Common stocks are equity securities representing an ownership interest in a corporation, entitling the stockholder to voting rights and receipt of dividends paid based on proportionate ownership. 

Depositary Receipts. Depositary Receipts represent an ownership interest in securities of foreign companies (an “underlying issuer”) that are deposited with a depositary. Depositary Receipts are not necessarily denominated in the same currency as the underlying securities. Depositary Receipts include American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”) and other types of depositary receipts (which, together with ADRs and GDRs, are hereinafter collectively referred to as “Depositary Receipts”). ADRs are dollar-denominated Depositary Receipts typically issued by a U.S. financial institution which evidence an ownership interest in a security or pool of securities issued by a foreign issuer. ADRs are listed and traded in the United States. ADRs also include American depositary shares. GDRs and other types of Depositary Receipts are typically issued by foreign banks or trust companies, although they also may be issued by U.S. financial institutions, and evidence ownership interests in a security or pool of securities issued by either a foreign or a U.S. corporation. Generally, depositary receipts in registered form are designed for use in the U.S. securities market and depositary receipts in bearer form are designed for use in securities markets outside the United States. 

Depositary Receipts may be “sponsored” or “unsponsored.” Sponsored Depositary Receipts are established jointly by a depositary and the underlying issuer, whereas unsponsored Depositary Receipts may be established by a depositary without participation by the underlying issuer. Holders of unsponsored Depositary Receipts generally bear all the costs associated with establishing unsponsored Depositary Receipts. In addition, the issuers of the securities underlying unsponsored Depositary Receipts are not obligated to disclose material information in the United States and, therefore, there may be less information available regarding such issuers and there may not be a correlation between such information and the market value of the Depositary Receipts. For purposes of a Fund’s investment policies, a Fund’s investments in Depositary Receipts will be deemed to be an investment in the underlying securities, except that ADRs may be deemed to be issued by a U.S. issuer. 

Preferred Stocks. Preferred stocks are securities that evidence ownership in a corporation which pay a fixed or variable stream of dividends. Preferred stocks have a preference over common stocks in the event of the liquidation of an issuer and usually do not carry voting rights. Preferred stocks have many of the characteristics of both equity securities and fixed income securities. 

Rights. Rights represent the right, but not the obligation, for a fixed period of time to purchase additional shares of an issuer’s common stock at the time of a new issuance, usually at a price below the initial offering price of the common stock and before the common stock is offered to the general public. Rights are usually freely transferable. The risk of investing in a right is that the right may expire prior to the market value of the common stock exceeding the price fixed by the right. 

Sector Risk. Each Fund may, from time to time, invest more heavily in companies in a particular economic sector or sectors. Economic or regulatory changes adversely affecting such sectors may have more of an impact on a Fund’s performance than if the Fund held a broader range of investments. 

Warrants. Warrants give holders the right, but not the obligation, to buy common stock of an issuer at a given price, usually higher than the market price at the time of issuance, during a specified period. Warrants are usually freely transferable. The risk of investing in a warrant is that the warrant may expire prior to the market value of the common stock exceeding the price fixed by the warrant. 

IPOs. The Funds may purchase equity securities issued as part of, or a short period after, a company’s initial public offering (“IPOs”), and may at times dispose of those securities shortly after their acquisition. A Fund’s purchase of securities issued in IPOs exposes it to the risks associated with companies that have little operating history as public companies, as well as to the risks inherent in those sectors of the market where these issuers operate. The market for IPO issuers has been volatile, and share prices of newly-public companies have fluctuated significantly over short periods of time. 

Convertible Securities. A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred stock, right, warrant or other security that may be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock or other security of the same or a different issuer or into cash within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security generally entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt securities or the dividend paid on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities generally have characteristics similar to both debt and equity securities. The value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates rise and, because of the conversion feature, tends to vary with fluctuations in the market value of the underlying securities. Convertible securities ordinarily provide a stream of income with generally higher yields than those of common stock of the same or similar issuers. Convertible securities generally rank senior to

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common stock in a corporation’s capital structure but are usually subordinated to other comparable nonconvertible fixed income securities in such capital structure. Convertible securities generally do not participate directly in any dividend increases or decreases of the underlying securities although the market prices of convertible securities may be affected by any dividend changes or other changes in the underlying securities. Certain of the convertible securities in which a Fund may invest are rated below investment grade or are unrated. The prices of such securities are likely to be more sensitive to adverse economic changes than higher-rated securities, resulting in increased volatility of market prices of these securities during periods of economic uncertainty, or adverse individual corporate developments. In addition, during an economic downturn or substantial period of rising interest rates, lower rated issuers may experience financial stress. 

Limited Partnership and Limited Liability Company Interests. A limited partnership interest entitles a Fund to participate in the investment return of the partnership’s assets as defined by the agreement among the partners. As a limited partner, a Fund generally is not permitted to participate in the management of the partnership. However, unlike a general partner whose liability is not limited, a limited partner’s liability generally is limited to the amount of its commitment to the partnership. A Fund may invest in limited liability company interests to the same extent it invests in limited partnership interests. Limited liability company interests have similar characteristics as limited partnership interests. 

The Funds may invest in master limited partnerships (“MLPs”), which are generally organized under state law as limited partnerships or limited liability companies and generally treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The securities issued by many MLPs are listed and traded on a securities exchange. If publicly traded, to be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the entity must receive at least 90% of its income from qualifying sources as set forth in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). These qualifying sources include interest, dividends, real estate rents, gain from the sale or disposition of real property, income and gain from mineral or natural resources activities, income and gain from the transportation or storage of certain fuels, gain from the sale or disposition of a capital asset held for the production of income described in the foregoing, and, in certain circumstances, income and gain from commodities or futures, forwards and options with respect to commodities.

Investment Company Securities. Investment company securities are equity securities and include securities of other open-end, closed-end and unregistered investment companies, including foreign investment companies, hedge funds and exchange-traded funds. A Fund may, to the extent noted in the Fund’s non-fundamental limitations, invest in investment company securities as may be permitted by (i) the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time (the “1940 Act”); (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time; or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time. The 1940 Act generally prohibits an investment company from acquiring more than 3% of the outstanding voting shares of an investment company and limits such investments to no more than 5% of a Fund’s total assets in any one investment company, and no more than 10% in any combination of investment companies. The 1940 Act also prohibits a Fund from acquiring in the aggregate more than 10% of the outstanding voting shares of any registered closed-end investment company. A Fund may invest in investment company securities of investment companies managed by the Adviser or its affiliates to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act or as otherwise authorized by the SEC. To the extent a Fund invests a portion of its assets in investment company securities, those assets will be subject to the risks of the purchased investment company’s portfolio securities, and a shareholder in any such Fund will bear not only his proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund, but also, indirectly the expenses of the purchased investment company. 

To the extent permitted by applicable law, each Fund may invest all or some of its short term cash investments in any money market fund advised or managed by the Adviser or its affiliates. In connection with any such investments, each Fund, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, will pay its share of all expenses (other than advisory and administrative fees) of a money market fund in which it invests that may result in the Fund bearing some additional expenses. The SEC has adopted changes to the rules that govern money market funds. These changes: (1) permit (and, under certain circumstances, require) money market funds to impose a “liquidity fee” (up to 2%), or a “redemption gate” that temporarily restricts redemptions from a money market fund, if weekly liquidity levels fall below the required regulatory threshold, and (2) require “institutional money market funds” to operate with a floating net asset value per share (“NAV”) rounded to a minimum of the fourth decimal place in the case of a fund with a $1.0000 share price or an equivalent or more precise level of accuracy for money market funds with a different share price (e.g., $10.000 per share, or $100.00 per share). “Government money market funds,” as defined under Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act, are exempt from these requirements, though such funds may choose to opt-in to the implementation of liquidity fees and redemption gates. These changes may affect the investment strategies, performance and operating expenses of money market funds.

Exchange-Traded Funds (“ETFs”). The Funds may invest in ETFs. Investments in ETFs are subject to a variety of risks, including risks of a direct investment in the underlying securities that the ETF holds. For example, the general level of stock prices may decline, thereby adversely affecting the value of the underlying investments of the ETF and, consequently, the value of the ETF. In addition, the market value of the ETF shares may differ from their NAV because the supply and demand in the market for ETF shares at any point is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the underlying securities. Also, ETFs that track particular

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indices typically will be unable to match the performance of the index exactly due to, among other things, the ETF’s operating expenses and transaction costs. ETFs typically incur fees that are separate from those fees incurred directly by the Funds. Therefore, as a shareholder in an ETF, a Fund would bear its ratable share of that entity’s expenses. At the same time, the Fund would continue to pay its own investment management fees and other expenses. As a result, a Fund and its shareholders, in effect, will be absorbing duplicate levels of fees with respect to investments in ETFs. Further, certain of the ETFs in which a Fund may invest are leveraged. The more the Fund invests in such leveraged ETFs, the more this leverage will magnify any losses on those investments.

Real Estate Investing. Investments in securities of issuers engaged in the real estate industry entail special risks and considerations. In particular, securities of such issuers may be subject to risks associated with the direct ownership of real estate. These risks include the cyclical nature of real estate values, risks related to general and local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, demographic trends and variations in rental income, changes in zoning laws, casualty or condemnation losses, environmental risks, regulatory limitations on rents, changes in neighborhood values, changes in the appeal of properties to tenants, increases in interest rates and other real estate capital market influences. Generally, increases in interest rates will increase the costs of obtaining financing, which could directly and indirectly decrease the value of a Fund’s investments. 

Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”) and Foreign Real Estate Companies. The Funds may invest in REITs and/or foreign real estate companies, which are similar to entities organized and operated as REITs in the United States. REITs and foreign real estate companies pool investors’ funds for investment primarily in real estate properties or real estate-related loans. REITs and foreign real estate companies generally derive their income from rents on the underlying properties or interest on the underlying loans, and their value is impacted by changes in the value of the underlying property or changes in interest rates affecting the underlying loans owned by the REITs and/or foreign real estate companies. REITs and foreign real estate companies are more susceptible to risks associated with the ownership of real estate and the real estate industry in general. These risks can include fluctuations in the value of underlying properties; defaults by borrowers or tenants; market saturation; changes in general and local economic conditions; decreases in market rates for rents; increases in competition, property taxes, capital expenditures or operating expenses; and other economic, political or regulatory occurrences affecting the real estate industry. In addition, REITs and foreign real estate companies depend upon specialized management skills, might not be diversified (which may increase the volatility of a REIT’s and/or foreign real estate company’s value), may have less trading volume and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than the overall securities market. Foreign real estate companies may be subject to laws, rules and regulations governing those entities and their failure to comply with those laws, rules and regulations could negatively impact the performance of those entities. Operating REITs and foreign real estate companies requires specialized management skills and a Fund indirectly bears REIT and foreign real estate company management expenses along with the direct expenses of the Fund. REITs are generally not taxed on income distributed to shareholders provided they comply with several requirements of the Code. REITs are subject to the risk of failing to qualify for tax-free pass-through income under the Code. 

Specialized Ownership Vehicles. Specialized ownership vehicles pool investors’ funds for investment primarily in income-producing real estate or real estate-related loans or interests. Such specialized ownership vehicles in which the Funds may invest include property unit trusts, foreign real estate companies, REITs and other similar specialized investment vehicles. Investments in such specialized ownership vehicles may have favorable or unfavorable legal, regulatory or tax implications for a Fund and, to the extent such vehicles are structured similarly to investment funds, a shareholder in the Fund will bear not only his proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund, but also, indirectly the expenses of the specialized ownership vehicle.

FIXED INCOME SECURITIES 

Fixed income securities generally represent an issuer’s obligation to repay to the investor (or lender) the amount borrowed plus interest over a specified time period. A typical fixed income security specifies a fixed date when the amount borrowed (principal) is due in full, known as the maturity date, and specifies dates when periodic interest (coupon) payments will be made over the life of the security. 

Fixed income securities come in many varieties and may differ in the way that interest is calculated, the amount and frequency of payments, the type of collateral, if any, and the presence of special features (e.g., conversion rights). Prices of fixed income securities fluctuate and, in particular, are subject to several key risks including, but not limited to, interest rate risk, credit risk, prepayment risk and spread risk. 

Interest rate risk arises due to general changes in the level of market rates after the purchase of a fixed income security. Generally, the values of fixed income securities vary inversely with changes in interest rates. During periods of falling interest rates, the values of most outstanding fixed income securities generally rise and during periods of rising interest rates, the values of most fixed income securities generally decline. The historically low interest rate environment increases the risk associated with rising interest rates. The Funds may face a heightened level of risk, especially since the Federal Reserve Board has ended its quantitative easing program and has begun to raise rates. Furthermore, in June 2017, the Federal Reserve Board signaled intentions to cut its balance sheet by allowing at least some securities to retire upon maturity, thereby reducing the money supply and increasing interest rate risk. While fixed income securities with longer final maturities often have higher yields than those with shorter maturities, they usually possess greater

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price sensitivity to changes in interest rates and other factors. Traditionally, the remaining term to maturity has been used as a barometer of a fixed income security’s sensitivity to interest rate changes. This measure, however, considers only the time until the final principal payment and takes no account of the pattern or amount of principal or interest payments prior to maturity. Duration combines consideration of yield, coupon, interest and principal payments, final maturity and call (prepayment) features. Duration measures the likely percentage change in a fixed income security’s price for a small parallel shift in the general level of interest rates; it is also an estimate of the weighted average life of the remaining cash flows of a fixed income security. In almost all cases, the duration of a fixed income security is shorter than its term to maturity. 

Credit risk represents the possibility that an issuer may be unable to meet scheduled interest and principal payment obligations. It is most often associated with corporate bonds, although it can be present in other fixed income securities as well (note that the market generally assumes that obligations of the U.S. Treasury are free from credit risk). Credit ratings and quantitative models attempt to measure the degree of credit risk in fixed income securities, and provide insight as to whether prevailing yield spreads afford sufficient compensation for such risk. Other things being equal, fixed income securities with high degrees of credit risk should trade in the market at lower prices (and higher yields) than fixed income securities with low degrees of credit risk. 

Prepayment risk, also known as call risk, arises due to the issuer’s ability to prepay all or most of the fixed income security prior to the stated final maturity date. Prepayments generally rise in response to a decline in interest rates as debtors take advantage of the opportunity to refinance their obligations. This risk is often associated with mortgage securities where the underlying mortgage loans can be refinanced, although it can also be present in corporate or other types of bonds with call provisions. When a prepayment occurs, a Fund may be forced to reinvest in lower yielding fixed income securities. Quantitative models are designed to help assess the degree of prepayment risk, and provide insight as to whether prevailing yield spreads afford sufficient compensation for such risk. 

Spread risk is the potential for the value of a Fund’s assets to fall due to the widening of spreads. Fixed income securities generally compensate for greater credit risk by paying interest at a higher rate. The difference (or “spread”) between the yield of a security and the yield of a benchmark, such as a U.S. Treasury security with a comparable maturity, measures the additional interest paid for credit risk. As the spread on a security widens (or increases), the price (or value) of the security falls. Spread widening may occur, among other reasons, as a result of market concerns over the stability of the market, excess supply, general credit concerns in other markets, security- or market-specific credit concerns or general reductions in risk tolerance. 

While assets in fixed income markets have grown rapidly in recent years, the capacity for traditional dealer counterparties to engage in fixed income trading has not kept pace and in some cases has decreased. For example, primary dealer inventories of corporate bonds, which provide a core indication of the ability of financial intermediaries to “make markets,” are at or near historic lows in relation to market size. This reduction in market-making capacity may be a persistent change, to the extent it is resulting from broader structural changes, such as fewer proprietary trading desks at broker-dealers and increased regulatory capital requirements. Because market makers provide stability to a market through their intermediary services, the significant reduction in dealer inventories could potentially lead to decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed income markets. Such issues may be exacerbated during periods of economic uncertainty. 

Economic, political and other events also may affect the prices of broad fixed income markets, although the risks associated with such events are transmitted to the market via changes in the prevailing levels of interest rates, credit risk, prepayment risk or spread risk.

Investment Grade Securities. Investment grade securities are fixed income securities rated by one or more of the rating agencies in one of the four highest rating categories at the time of purchase (e.g., AAA, AA, A or BBB by S&P Global Ratings Group, a division of S&P Global Inc. (“S&P”), or Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”), or Aaa, Aa, A or Baa by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”)) or determined to be of equivalent quality by the Adviser. Securities rated BBB or Baa represent the lowest of four levels of investment grade securities and are regarded as borderline between sound obligations and those in which speculative elements predominate. Ratings assigned to fixed income securities represent only the opinion of the rating agency assigning the rating and are not dispositive of the credit risk associated with the purchase of a particular fixed income security. Moreover, market risk also will affect the prices of even the highest rated fixed income securities so that their prices may rise or fall even if the issuer’s capacity to repay its obligations remains unchanged.

High Yield Securities. High yield securities are generally considered to include fixed income securities rated below the four highest rating categories at the time of purchase (e.g., Ba through C by Moody’s, or BB through D by S&P or Fitch) and unrated fixed income securities considered by the Adviser to be of equivalent quality. High yield securities are not considered investment grade and are commonly referred to as “junk bonds” or high yield, high risk securities. Investment grade securities that a Fund holds may be downgraded to below investment grade by the rating agencies. If a Fund holds a security that is downgraded, the Fund may choose to retain the security. 

While high yield securities offer higher yields, they also normally carry a high degree of credit risk and are considered speculative by the major credit rating agencies. High yield securities may be issued as a consequence of corporate restructuring or similar events. High yield securities are often issued by smaller, less creditworthy issuers, or by highly leveraged (indebted) issuers, that are generally less able than more established or less leveraged issuers to make scheduled payments of interest and principal. In comparison to

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investment grade securities, the price movement of these securities is influenced less by changes in interest rates and more by the financial and business position of the issuer. The values of high yield securities are more volatile and may react with greater sensitivity to market changes. 

High yield securities are frequently ranked junior to claims by other creditors. If the issuer cannot meet its obligations, the senior obligations are generally paid off before the junior obligations, which will potentially limit a Fund’s ability to fully recover principal or to receive interest payments when senior securities are in default. Thus, investors in high yield securities have a lower degree of protection with respect to principal and interest payments then do investors in higher rated securities. In addition, lower-rated securities frequently have call or redemption features that would permit an issuer to repurchase the security from a Fund. If a call were exercised by the issuer during a period of declining interest rates, a Fund likely would have to replace such called security with a lower yielding security, thus decreasing the net investment income to the Fund and any dividends to investors. 

The secondary market for high yield securities is concentrated in relatively few market makers and is dominated by institutional investors, including mutual funds, insurance companies and other financial institutions. Accordingly, the secondary market for such securities is not as liquid as, and is more volatile than, the secondary market for higher-rated securities. Because high yield securities are less liquid, judgment may play a greater role in valuing certain of the Company’s securities than is the case with securities trading in a more liquid market. Also, future legislation may have a possible negative impact on the market for high yield, high risk securities. 

The credit rating of a high yield security does not necessarily address its market value risk. Ratings and market value may change from time to time, positively or negatively, to reflect new developments regarding the issuer. 

The high yield securities markets may react strongly to adverse news about an issuer or the economy, or to the perception or expectation of adverse news, whether or not it is based on fundamental analysis. Additionally, prices for high yield securities may be affected by legislative and regulatory developments. These developments could adversely affect a Fund’s NAV and investment practices, the secondary market for high yield securities, the financial condition of issuers of these securities and the value and liquidity of outstanding high yield securities, especially in a thinly traded market. 

U.S. Government Securities. U.S. government securities refer to a variety of fixed income securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government and its various instrumentalities and agencies. The U.S. government securities that the Funds may purchase include U.S. Treasury bills, notes and bonds, all of which are direct obligations of the U.S. Government. In addition, the Funds may purchase securities issued by agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government which are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Among the agencies and instrumentalities issuing these obligations are the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”) and the Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”). Certain of the Funds may also purchase securities issued by agencies and instrumentalities which are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, but whose issuing agency or instrumentality has the right to borrow, to meet its obligations, from the U.S. Treasury. Among these agencies and instrumentalities are the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”) and the Federal Home Loan Banks. Further, the Funds may purchase securities issued by agencies and instrumentalities which are backed solely by the credit of the issuing agency or instrumentality. Among these agencies and instrumentalities is the Federal Farm Credit System.

Agencies. Agencies refer to fixed income securities issued or guaranteed by federal agencies and U.S. government sponsored instrumentalities. They may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. If they are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, the investor must look principally to the agency or instrumentality issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for ultimate repayment, and may not be able to assert a claim against the United States itself in the event the agency or instrumentality does not meet its commitment. Agencies which are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States include the Export-Import Bank, Farmers Home Administration, Federal Financing Bank and others. Certain debt issued by Resolution Funding Corporation has both its principal and interest backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury in that its principal is backed by U.S. Treasury zero coupon issues, while the U.S. Treasury is explicitly required to advance funds sufficient to pay interest on it, if needed. Certain agencies and instrumentalities, such as Ginnie Mae, are, in effect, backed by the full faith and credit of the United States through provisions in their charters that they may make “indefinite and unlimited” drawings on the Treasury, if needed to service their debt. Debt from certain other agencies and instrumentalities, including the Federal Home Loan Banks, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are not guaranteed by the United States, but those institutions are protected by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Treasury to purchase certain amounts of their securities to assist them in meeting their debt obligations. Finally, other agencies and instrumentalities, such as the Farm Credit System, are federally chartered institutions under U.S. Government supervision, but their debt securities are backed only by the credit worthiness of those institutions, not the U.S. Government. Some of the U.S. government agencies that issue or guarantee securities include the Export-Import Bank of the United States, Farmers Home Administration, FHA, Maritime Administration, Small Business Administration and The Tennessee Valley Authority (“TVA”). 

In September 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that the U.S. Government would be taking over Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and placing the companies into a conservatorship. In addition, the U.S. Treasury announced additional steps that it intended to take with respect to the debt and mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in order to

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support the conservatorship. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are continuing to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship and each remains liable for all of its respective obligations, including its guaranty obligations, associated with its MBS. No assurance can be given that these initiatives will be successful. The maximum potential liability of the issuers of some U.S. government securities held by a Fund may greatly exceed their current resources, including their legal right to support from the U.S. Treasury. It is possible that these issuers will not have the funds to meet their payment obligations in the future. 

An instrumentality of the U.S. Government is a government agency organized under federal charter with government supervision. Instrumentalities issuing or guaranteeing securities include, among others, Federal Home Loan Banks, the Federal Land Banks, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks and Fannie Mae.

Corporates. Corporates are fixed income securities issued by private businesses. Holders, as creditors, have a prior legal claim over holders of equity securities of the issuer as to both income and assets for the principal and interest due the holder. 

Money Market Instruments. Money market instruments are high quality short-term fixed income securities. Money market instruments may include obligations of governments, government agencies, banks, corporations and special purpose entities and repurchase agreements relating to these obligations. Certain money market instruments may be denominated in a foreign currency. 

Cash Equivalents. Cash equivalents are short-term fixed income securities comprising:

 

Time deposits, certificates of deposit (including marketable variable rate certificates of deposit) and bankers’ acceptances issued by a commercial bank or savings and loan association. Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in a banking institution for a specified period of time at a stated interest rate. Certificates of deposit are negotiable short-term obligations issued by commercial banks or savings and loan associations against funds deposited in the issuing institution. Variable rate certificates of deposit are certificates of deposit on which the interest rate is periodically adjusted prior to their stated maturity based upon a specified market rate. A bankers’ acceptance is a time draft drawn on a commercial bank by a borrower, usually in connection with an international commercial transaction (to finance the import, export, transfer or storage of goods).

 

Obligations of U.S. banks, foreign branches of U.S. banks (Eurodollars) and U.S. branches of foreign banks (Yankee dollars). Eurodollar and Yankee dollar investments will involve some of the same risks of investing in international securities that are discussed in various foreign investing sections of this SAI.

 

Any security issued by a commercial bank if (i) the bank has total assets of at least $1 billion, or the equivalent in other currencies or, in the case of domestic banks which do not have total assets of at least $1 billion, the aggregate investment made in any one such bank is limited to $250,000 principal amount per certificate and the principal amount of such investment is insured in full by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), (ii) in the case of U.S. banks, it is a member of the FDIC and (iii) in the case of foreign branches of U.S. banks, the security is deemed by the Adviser to be of an investment quality comparable with other debt securities which the Fund may purchase;

 

Commercial paper (see below) rated at time of purchase by one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”) in one of their two highest categories (e.g., A-l or A-2 by S&P, Prime 1 or Prime 2 by Moody’s or F1 or F2 by Fitch) or, if not rated, issued by a corporation having an outstanding unsecured debt issue rated high-grade by an NRSRO (e.g., A or better by Moody’s, S&P or Fitch);

 

Short-term corporate obligations rated high-grade at the time of purchase by an NRSRO (e.g., A or better by Moody’s, S&P or Fitch);

 

U.S. government obligations, including bills, notes, bonds and other debt securities issued by the U.S. Treasury. These are direct obligations of the U.S. Government and differ mainly in interest rates, maturities and dates of issue;

 

Government agency securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government sponsored instrumentalities and Federal agencies. These include securities issued by the Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Land Bank, Farmers Home Administration, Farm Credit Banks, Federal Intermediate Credit Bank, Fannie Mae, Federal Financing Bank, TVA and others; and

 

Repurchase agreements collateralized by the securities listed above.
 

Commercial Paper. Commercial paper refers to short-term fixed income securities with maturities ranging from 1 to 270 days. They are primarily issued by corporations needing to finance large amounts of receivables, but may be issued by banks and other borrowers. Commercial paper is issued either directly or through broker-dealers, and may be discounted or interest bearing. Commercial paper is unsecured, but is almost always backed by bank lines of credit. Virtually all commercial paper is rated by Moody’s, Fitch or S&P. 

Commercial paper rated A-1 by S&P has the following characteristics: (1) liquidity ratios are adequate to meet cash requirements; (2) long-term senior debt is rated “A” or better; (3) the issuer has access to at least two additional channels of borrowing; (4) basic earnings and cash flow have an upward trend with allowance made for unusual circumstances; (5) typically, the issuer’s industry is well established and the issuer has a strong position within the industry; and (6) the reliability and quality of management are unquestioned. Relative strength or weakness of the above factors determines whether the issuer’s commercial paper is A-1, A-2 or A-3. 

The rating Prime-1 is the highest commercial paper rating assigned by Moody’s. Among the factors considered by Moody’s in assigning ratings are the following: (1) evaluation of the management of the issuer; (2) economic evaluation of the issuer’s industry or

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industries and the appraisal of speculative-type risks which may be inherent in certain areas; (3) evaluation of the issuer’s products in relation to competition and customer acceptance; (4) liquidity; (5) amount and quality of long-term debt; (6) trend of earnings over a period of ten years; (7) financial strength of a parent company and the relationships that exist with the issuer; and (8) recognition by the management of obligations which may be present or may arise as a result of public interest questions and preparations to meet such obligations. 

With respect to Fitch, a short-term issuer or obligation rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity and relates to the capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-term deposit ratings may be adjusted for loss severity. Short-term ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as “short term” based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign, and structured obligations and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets. A F1 rating indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments whereas a F2 rating indicates good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.

Mortgage-Related Securities. The Real Assets Portfolio may invest in mortgage-related securities. Mortgage-related securities are securities that, directly or indirectly, represent a participation in, or are secured by and payable from, mortgage loans on real property. Mortgage-related securities include collateralized mortgage obligations and MBS issued or guaranteed by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government or by private sector entities.

Mortgage-Backed Securities. With MBS, many mortgagees’ obligations to make monthly payments to their lending institution are pooled together and the risk of the mortgagees’ payment obligations is passed through to investors. The pools are assembled by various governmental, government-related and private organizations. The Fund may invest in securities issued or guaranteed by Ginnie Mae, Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae, private issuers and other government agencies. MBS issued by non-agency issuers, whether or not such securities are subject to guarantees, may entail greater risk, since private issuers may not be able to meet their obligations under the policies. If there is no guarantee provided by the issuer, the Fund will purchase only MBS that, at the time of purchase, are rated investment grade by one or more NRSROs or, if unrated, are deemed by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. 

MBS are issued or guaranteed by private sector originators of or investors in mortgage loans and structured similarly to governmental pass-through securities. Because private pass-throughs typically lack a guarantee by an entity having the credit status of a governmental agency or instrumentality, however, they are generally structured with one or more of the types of credit enhancement described below. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac obligations are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government as Ginnie Mae certificates are. Freddie Mac securities are supported by Freddie Mac’s right to borrow from the U.S. Treasury. Each of Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac guarantees timely distributions of interest to certificate holders. Each of Ginnie Mae and Fannie Mae also guarantees timely distributions of scheduled principal. Although Freddie Mac has in the past guaranteed only the ultimate collection of principal of the underlying mortgage loan, Freddie Mac now issues MBS (Freddie Mac Gold PCS) that also guarantee timely payment of monthly principal reductions. Resolution Funding Corporation obligations are backed, as to principal payments, by zero coupon U.S. Treasury bonds and, as to interest payments, ultimately by the U.S. Treasury. 

There are two methods of trading MBS. A specified pool transaction is a trade in which the pool number of the security to be delivered on the settlement date is known at the time the trade is made. This is in contrast with the typical MBS transaction, called a TBA (“To Be Announced”) transaction, in which the type of MBS to be delivered is specified at the time of trade but the actual pool numbers of the securities that will be delivered are not known at the time of the trade. The pool numbers of the pools to be delivered at settlement are announced shortly before settlement takes place. The terms of the TBA trade may be made more specific if desired. Generally, agency pass-through MBS are traded on a TBA basis. Investments in TBAs may give rise to a form of leverage and may cause the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate to appear higher. Leverage may cause the Fund to be more volatile than if the Fund had not been leveraged. 

Like fixed income securities in general, MBS will generally decline in price when interest rates rise. Rising interest rates also tend to discourage refinancings of home mortgages, with the result that the average life of MBS held by the Fund may be lengthened. As average life extends, price volatility generally increases. This extension of average life causes the market price of the MBS to decrease further when interest rates rise than if their average lives were fixed. However, when interest rates fall, mortgages may not enjoy as large a gain in market value due to prepayment risk because additional mortgage prepayments must be reinvested at lower interest rates. Faster prepayment will shorten the average life and slower prepayments will lengthen it. However, it is possible to determine what the range of the average life movement could be and to calculate the effect that it will have on the price of the MBS. In selecting MBS, the Adviser looks for those that offer a higher yield to compensate for any variation in average maturity. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may fail to fully recoup its initial investment in these securities, even if the security is in one of the highest rating categories. The Fund may invest, without limit, in MBS issued by private issuers when the Adviser deems that the quality of the investment, the quality of the issuer, and market conditions warrant such investments. The Fund will purchase securities issued by private issuers that are rated investment grade at the time of purchase by Moody’s, Fitch or S&P or are deemed by the Adviser to be of comparable investment quality.

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Fannie Mae Certificates. Fannie Mae is a federally chartered and privately owned corporation organized and existing under the Federal National Mortgage Association Charter Act of 1938. Each Fannie Mae certificate represents a pro rata interest in one or more pools of mortgage loans insured by the FHA under the National Housing Act of 1934, as amended (the “Housing Act”) or Title V of the Housing Act of 1949 (“FHA Loans”), or guaranteed by the Department of Veteran Affairs under the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944, as amended (“VA Loans”) or conventional mortgage loans (i.e., mortgage loans that are not insured or guaranteed by any governmental agency) of the following types: (i) fixed rate level payment mortgage loans; (ii) fixed rate growing equity mortgage loans; (iii) fixed rate graduated payment mortgage loans; (iv) variable rate California mortgage loans; (v) other adjustable rate mortgage loans; and (vi) fixed rate and adjustable mortgage loans secured by multi-family projects.

Freddie Mac Certificates. Freddie Mac is a corporate instrumentality of the United States created pursuant to the Emergency Home Finance Act of 1970, as amended (the “FHLMC Act”). Freddie Mac certificates represent a pro rata interest in a group of mortgage loans (a “Freddie Mac Certificate group”) purchased by Freddie Mac. The mortgage loans underlying the Freddie Mac Certificates consist of fixed rate or adjustable rate mortgage loans with original terms to maturity of between ten and thirty years, substantially all of which are secured by first liens on one-to-four-family residential properties or multi-family projects. Each mortgage loan must meet the applicable standards set forth in the FHLMC Act. A Freddie Mac Certificate group may include whole loans, participation interests in whole loans and undivided interests in whole loans and participations comprising another Freddie Mac Certificate group. 

In September 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that the government would be taking over Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and placing the companies into a conservatorship. In addition, the U.S. Treasury announced additional steps that it intended to take with respect to the debt and MBS issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in order to support the conservatorship. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are continuing to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship and each remains liable for all of its respective obligations, including its guaranty obligations, associated with its MBS. No assurance can be given that these initiatives will be successful. The maximum potential liability of the issuers of some U.S. government securities held by the Fund may greatly exceed their current resources, including their legal right to support from the U.S. Treasury. It is possible that these issuers will not have the funds to meet their payment obligations in the future.

Ginnie Mae Certificates. Ginnie Mae is a wholly-owned corporate instrumentality of the United States within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. The Housing Act authorizes Ginnie Mae to guarantee the timely payment of the principal and interest on certificates that are based on and backed by a pool of FHA Loans, VA Loans or by pools of other eligible mortgage loans. The Housing Act provides that the full faith and credit of the United States is pledged to the payment of all amounts that may be required to be paid under any guaranty. In order to meet its obligations under such guaranty, Ginnie Mae is authorized to borrow from the U.S. Treasury with no limitations as to amount. 

Each Ginnie Mae certificate represents a pro rata interest in one or more of the following types of mortgage loans: (i) fixed rate level payment mortgage loans; (ii) fixed rate graduated payment mortgage loans; (iii) fixed rate growing equity mortgage loans; (iv) fixed rate mortgage loans secured by manufactured (mobile) homes; (v) mortgage loans on multi-family residential properties under construction; (vi) mortgage loans on completed multi-family projects; (vii) fixed rate mortgage loans as to which escrowed funds are used to reduce the borrower’s monthly payments during the early years of the mortgage loans (“buydown” mortgage loans); (viii) mortgage loans that provide for adjustments in payments based on periodic changes in interest rates or in other payment terms of the mortgage loans; and (ix) mortgage-backed serial notes. All of these mortgage loans will be FHA Loans or VA loans and, except as otherwise specified above, will be fully-amortizing loans secured by first liens on one to four-family housing units.

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations. The Real Assets Portfolio may invest in collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”), which are MBS that are collateralized by mortgage loans or mortgage pass-through securities, and multi-class pass-through securities, which are equity interests in a trust composed of mortgage loans or other MBS. Unless the context indicates otherwise, the discussion of CMOs below also applies to multi-class pass through securities. 

CMOs may be issued by governmental or government-related entities or by private entities, such as banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market traders. CMOs are issued in multiple classes, often referred to as “tranches,” with each tranche having a specific fixed or floating coupon rate and stated maturity or final distribution date. Under the traditional CMO structure, the cash flows generated by the mortgages or mortgage pass-through securities in the collateral pool are used to first pay interest and then pay principal to the holders of the CMOs. Subject to the various provisions of individual CMO issues, the cash flow generated by the underlying collateral (to the extent it exceeds the amount required to pay the stated interest) is used to retire the bonds. 

The principal and interest on the underlying collateral may be allocated among the several tranches of a CMO in innumerable ways including “interest only” and “inverse interest only” tranches. In a common CMO structure, the tranches are retired sequentially in the order of their respective stated maturities or final distribution dates (as opposed to the pro-rata return of principal found in traditional pass-through obligations). The fastest-pay tranches would initially receive all principal payments. When those tranches are retired, the next tranches in the sequence receive all of the principal payments until they are retired. The sequential retirement of bond groups continues until the last tranche is retired. Accordingly, the CMO structure allows the issuer to use cash flows of long

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maturity, monthly-pay collateral to formulate securities with short, intermediate, and long final maturities and expected average lives and risk characteristics. 

The primary risk of CMOs is the uncertainty of the timing of cash flows that results from the rate of prepayments on the underlying mortgages serving as collateral and from the structure of the particular CMO transaction (that is, the priority of the individual tranches). An increase or decrease in prepayment rates (resulting from a decrease or increase in mortgage interest rates) may cause the CMOs to be retired substantially earlier than their stated maturities or final distribution dates and will affect the yield and price of CMOs. In addition, if the collateral securing CMOs or any third-party guarantees are insufficient to make payments, the Fund could sustain a loss. The prices of certain CMOs, depending on their structure and the rate of prepayments, can be volatile. Some CMOs may also not be as liquid as other types of mortgage securities. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible to sell the securities at an advantageous time or price. 

Privately issued CMOs are arrangements in which the underlying mortgages are held by the issuer, which then issues debt collateralized by the underlying mortgage assets. Such securities may be backed by mortgage insurance, letters of credit, or other credit enhancing features. Although payment of the principal of, and interest on, the underlying collateral securing privately issued CMOs may be guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies and instrumentalities, these CMOs represent obligations solely of the private issuer and are not insured or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies and instrumentalities or any other person or entity. Privately issued CMOs are subject to prepayment risk due to the possibility that prepayments on the underlying assets will alter the cash flow. Yields on privately issued CMOs have been historically higher than the yields on CMOs backed by mortgages guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and instrumentalities. The risk of loss due to default on privately issued CMOs, however, is historically higher since the U.S. Government has not guaranteed them. 

New types of CMO tranches have evolved. These include floating rate CMOs, planned amortization classes, accrual bonds and CMO residuals. These newer structures affect the amount and timing of principal and interest received by each tranche from the underlying collateral. For example, an inverse interest-only class CMO entitles holders to receive no payments of principal and to receive interest at a rate that will vary inversely with a specified index or a multiple thereof. Under certain of these newer structures, given classes of CMOs have priority over others with respect to the receipt of prepayments on the mortgages. Therefore, depending on the type of CMOs in which the Fund invests, the investment may be subject to a greater or lesser risk of prepayment than other types of MBS. 

CMOs may include real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”). REMICs, which were authorized under the Tax Reform Act of 1986, are private entities formed for the purpose of holding a fixed pool of mortgages secured by an interest in real property. A REMIC is a CMO that qualifies for special tax treatment under the Code and invests in certain mortgages principally secured by interests in real property. 

The Fund may invest in, among others, parallel pay CMOs and Planned Amortization Class CMOs (“PAC Bonds”). Parallel pay CMOs are structured to provide payments of principal on each payment date to more than one tranche. These simultaneous payments are taken into account in calculating the stated maturity date or final distribution date of each tranche which, as with other CMO structures, must be retired by its stated maturity date or final distribution date but may be retired earlier. PAC Bonds are a form of parallel pay CMO, with the required principal payment on such securities having the highest priority after interest has been paid to all classes. PAC Bonds generally require payments of a specified amount of principal on each payment date.

Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities. The Real Assets Portfolio may invest in stripped mortgage-backed securities (“SMBS”). A SMBS is a derivative multi-class mortgage security. SMBS usually are structured with two classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distribution on a pool of mortgage assets. In the most extreme case, one class will receive all of the interest (the interest-only or “IO” class), while the other class will receive all of the principal (the principal-only or “PO” class). The yield to maturity on an IO class is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on such security’s yield to maturity. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may fail to fully recoup its initial investment in these securities. Conversely, if the underlying mortgage assets experience less than anticipated prepayments of principal, the yield of POs could be materially adversely affected. The market values of IOs and POs are subject to greater risk of fluctuation in response to changes in market rates of interest than many other types of mortgage-backed securities. To the extent the Fund invests in IOs and POs, it may increase the risk of fluctuations in the NAV of the Fund.

Credit Enhancement. Mortgage-related securities are often backed by a pool of assets representing the obligations of a number of parties. To lessen the effect of failure by obligors on underlying assets to make payments, these securities may have various types of credit support. Credit support falls into two primary categories: (i) liquidity protection, and (ii) protection against losses resulting from ultimate default by an obligor on the underlying assets. Liquidity protection generally refers to the provision of advances, typically by the entity administering the pool of assets, to ensure that the pass-through of payments due on the underlying pool occurs in a timely fashion. Protection against losses resulting from ultimate default enhances the likelihood of ultimate payment of the obligations on at least a portion of the assets in the pool. Such protection may be provided through guarantees, insurance policies

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or letters of credit obtained by the issuer or sponsor from third-parties (referred to herein as “third-party credit support”), through various means of structuring the transaction or through a combination of such approaches. 

The ratings of mortgage-related securities for which third-party credit enhancement provides liquidity protection or protection against losses from default are generally dependent upon the continued creditworthiness of the provider of the credit enhancement. The ratings of such securities could decline in the event of deterioration in the creditworthiness of the credit enhancement provider even in cases where the delinquency and loss experience on the underlying pool of assets is better than expected. 

Examples of credit support arising out of the structure of the transaction include “senior-subordinated securities” (multiple class securities with one or more classes subordinate to other classes as to the payment of principal and interest thereon, with defaults on the underlying assets being borne first by the holders of the most subordinated class), creation of “reserve funds” (where cash or investments, sometimes funded from a portion of the payments on the underlying assets, are held in reserve against future losses) and “over-collateralization” (where the scheduled payments on, or the principal amount of, the underlying assets exceed those required to make payment of the securities and pay any servicing or other fees). The degree of credit support provided for each security is generally based on historical information with respect to the level of credit risk associated with the underlying assets. Delinquency or loss in excess of that which is anticipated could adversely affect the return on an investment in such a security. 

Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities (“CMBS”). CMBS are generally multi-class or pass-through securities issued by special purpose entities that represent an undivided interest in a portfolio of mortgage loans backed by commercial properties, including, but not limited to, industrial and warehouse properties, office buildings, retail space and shopping malls, hotels, healthcare facilities, multifamily properties and cooperative apartments. Private lenders, such as banks or insurance companies, originate these loans and then sell the loans directly into a CMBS trust or other entity. The commercial mortgage loans that underlie CMBS are generally not amortizing or not fully amortizing. That is, at their maturity date, repayment of the remaining principal balance or “balloon” is due and is repaid through the attainment of an additional loan or sale of this property. An extension of the final payment on commercial mortgages will increase the average life of the CMBS, generally resulting in a lower yield for discount bonds and a higher yield for premium bonds. 

CMBS are subject to credit risk and prepayment risk. Although prepayment risk is present, it is of a lesser degree in the CMBS than in the residential mortgage market; commercial real estate property loans often contain provisions which substantially reduce the likelihood that such securities will be prepaid (e.g., significant prepayment penalties on loans and, in some cases, prohibition on principal payments for several years following origination). 

Repurchase Agreements. Repurchase agreements are transactions in which a Fund purchases a security or basket of securities and simultaneously commits to resell that security or basket to the seller (a bank, broker or dealer) at a mutually agreed-upon date and price. The resale price reflects the purchase price plus an agreed-upon market rate of interest which is unrelated to the coupon rate or date of maturity of the purchased security. The term of these agreements usually ranges from overnight to one week, and never exceeds one year. Repurchase agreements with a term of over seven days are considered illiquid. 

In these transactions, the Fund receives securities that have a market value at least equal to the purchase price (including accrued interest) of the repurchase agreement, and this value is maintained during the term of the agreement. These securities are held by the Company’s custodian or an approved third-party for the benefit of the Fund until repurchased. Repurchase agreements permit a Fund to remain fully invested while retaining overnight flexibility to pursue investments of a longer-term nature. If the seller defaults and the value of the repurchased securities declines, the Fund might incur a loss. If bankruptcy proceedings are commenced with respect to the seller, the Fund’s realization upon the collateral may be delayed. 

While repurchase agreements involve certain risks not associated with direct investments in debt securities, the Funds follow procedures approved by the Directors that are designed to minimize such risks. These procedures include effecting repurchase transactions only with large, well-capitalized and well-established financial institutions whose financial condition will be continually monitored by the Adviser. In addition, as described above, the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the repurchase agreement. In the event of a default or bankruptcy by a selling financial institution, the Funds will seek to liquidate such collateral. However, the exercising of the Fund’s right to liquidate such collateral could involve certain costs or delays and, to the extent that proceeds from any sale upon a default of the obligation to repurchase were less than the repurchase price, the Fund could suffer a loss. 

Pursuant to an order issued by the SEC, the Funds may pool their daily uninvested cash balances in order to invest in repurchase agreements on a joint basis with other investment companies advised by the Adviser. By entering into repurchase agreements on a joint basis, the Funds expect to incur lower transaction costs and potentially obtain higher rates of interest on such repurchase agreements. Each Fund’s participation in the income from jointly purchased repurchase agreements will be based on that Fund’s percentage share in the total repurchase agreement.

Municipals. The Real Assets Portfolio may invest in municipal securities. Municipal securities are fixed income securities issued by local, state and regional governments that provide interest income which is exempt from federal income taxes. Municipals include

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both municipal bonds (those securities with maturities of five years or more) and municipal notes (those with maturities of less than five years). Municipal bonds are issued for a wide variety of reasons: to construct public facilities, such as airports, highways, bridges, schools, hospitals, mass transportation, streets, water and sewer works; to obtain funds for operating expenses; to refund outstanding municipal obligations; and to loan funds to various public institutions and facilities. Certain industrial development bonds are also considered municipal bonds if their interest is exempt from federal income tax. Industrial development bonds are issued by, or on behalf of, public authorities to obtain funds for various privately-operated manufacturing facilities, housing, sports arenas, convention centers, airports, mass transportation systems and water, gas or sewage works. Industrial development bonds are ordinarily dependent on the credit quality of a private user, not the public issuer. 

The two principal classifications of municipal bonds are “general obligation” and “revenue” or “special tax” bonds. General obligation bonds are secured by the issuer’s pledge of its full faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. Revenue or special tax bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise or other tax, but not from general tax revenues. 

Industrial revenue bonds in most cases are revenue bonds and generally do not have the pledge of the credit of the issuer. The payment of the principal and interest on such industrial revenue bonds is dependent solely on the ability of the user of the facilities financed by the bonds to meet its financial obligations and the pledge, if any, of real and personal property so financed as security for such payment. Short-term municipal obligations issued by states, cities, municipalities or municipal agencies, include tax anticipation notes, revenue anticipation notes, bond anticipation notes, construction loan notes and short-term discount notes. 

Municipal notes are issued to meet the short-term funding requirements of local, regional and state governments. Municipal notes include bond anticipation notes, revenue anticipation notes and tax and revenue anticipation notes. These are short-term debt obligations issued by state and local governments to aid cash flows while waiting for taxes or revenue to be collected, at which time the debt is retired. Other types of municipal notes in which the Fund may invest are construction loan notes, short-term discount notes, tax-exempt commercial paper, demand notes and similar instruments. 

Municipal bonds generally include debt obligations issued by states and their political subdivisions, and duly constituted authorities and corporations, to obtain funds to construct, repair or improve various public facilities such as airports, bridges, highways, hospitals, housing, schools, streets and water and sewer works. Municipal bonds may also be issued to refinance outstanding obligations as well as to obtain funds for general operating expenses and for loans to other public institutions and facilities. 

Note obligations with demand or put options may have a stated maturity in excess of one year, but permit any holder to demand payment of principal plus accrued interest upon a specified number of days’ notice. Frequently, such obligations are secured by letters of credit or other credit support arrangements provided by banks. The issuer of such notes normally has a corresponding right, after a given period, to repay at its discretion the outstanding principal of the note plus accrued interest upon a specific number of days’ notice to the bondholders. The interest rate on a demand note may be based upon a known lending rate, such as the prime lending rate, and be adjusted when such rate changes, or the interest rate on a demand note may be a market rate that is adjusted at specified intervals. Each note purchased by the Fund will meet the quality criteria set out in the Fund’s Prospectus. 

The yields of municipal bonds depend on, among other things, general money market conditions, conditions in the municipal bond market, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation, and the rating of the issue. The ratings of Moody’s and S&P represent their opinions of the quality of the municipal bonds rated by them. It should be emphasized that such ratings are general and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, municipal bonds with the same maturity, coupon and rating may have different yields, while municipal bonds of the same maturity and coupon, but with different ratings, may have the same yield. It will be the responsibility of the Adviser to appraise independently the fundamental quality of the bonds held by the Fund. 

Municipal bonds are sometimes purchased on a “when-issued” or “delayed-delivery” basis, which means the Fund has committed to purchase certain specified securities at an agreed-upon price when they are issued. The period between commitment date and issuance date can be a month or more. It is possible that the securities will never be issued and the commitment canceled. 

From time to time proposals have been introduced before Congress to restrict or eliminate the federal income tax exemption for interest on municipal bonds. Similar proposals may be introduced in the future. 

Similarly, from time to time proposals have been introduced before state and local legislatures to restrict or eliminate the state and local income tax exemption for interest on municipal bonds. Similar proposals may be introduced in the future. 

The Fund may also purchase bonds the income on which is subject to the alternative minimum tax (“AMT bonds”). AMT bonds are tax-exempt private activity bonds issued after August 7, 1986, the proceeds of which are directed, at least in part, to private, for-profit organizations. While the income from AMT bonds is exempt from regular federal income tax, it is a tax preference item in the calculation of the alternative minimum tax. The alternative minimum tax is a special separate tax that applies to some taxpayers who have certain adjustments to income or tax preference items. 

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Build America Bonds are taxable municipal securities on which the issuer receives federal support of the interest paid. Assuming certain specified conditions are satisfied, issuers of Build America Bonds may either (i) receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury with respect to a portion of its interest payments on the bonds (“direct pay” Build America Bonds) or (ii) provide tax credits to investors in the bonds (“tax credit” Build America Bonds). Unlike most other municipal securities, interest received on Build America Bonds is subject to federal and state income tax. Issuance of Build America Bonds ceased on December 31, 2010. The number of Build America Bonds available in the market is limited, which may negatively affect the value of the Build America Bonds.

Lease Obligations. Included within the revenue bonds category, as noted above, are participations in lease obligations or installment purchase contracts (hereinafter collectively called “lease obligations”) of municipalities. State and local governments, agencies or authorities issue lease obligations to acquire equipment and facilities. Lease obligations may have risks not normally associated with general obligation or other revenue bonds. Leases, and installment purchase or conditional sale contracts (which may provide for title to the leased asset to pass eventually to the issuer), have developed as a means for governmental issuers to acquire property and equipment without the necessity of complying with the constitutional and statutory requirements generally applicable for the issuance of debt. Certain lease obligations contain “non-appropriation” clauses that provide that the governmental issuer has no obligation to make future payments under the lease or contract unless money is appropriated for such purpose by the appropriate legislative body on an annual or other periodic basis. Consequently, continued lease payments on those lease obligations containing “non-appropriation” clauses are dependent on future legislative actions. If such legislative actions do not occur, the holders of the lease obligation may experience difficulty in exercising their rights, including disposition of the property. 

In addition, lease obligations do not have the depth of marketability associated with more conventional municipal obligations, and, as a result, certain of such lease obligations may be considered illiquid securities. The Adviser, pursuant to procedures adopted by the Directors, will make a determination as to the liquidity of each lease obligation purchased by the Funds. If a lease obligation is determined to be “liquid,” the security will not be included within the category “illiquid securities.” 

Asset-Backed Securities. The Real Assets Portfolio may invest in asset-backed securities. Asset-backed securities utilize the securitization techniques used to develop MBS. These techniques are also applied to a broad range of other assets. Various types of assets, primarily automobile and credit card receivables and home equity loans, are being securitized in pass-through structures similar to the mortgage pass-through structures. These types of securities are known as asset-backed securities. The Fund may invest in any type of asset-backed security. Asset-backed securities have risk characteristics similar to MBS. Like MBS, they generally decrease in value as a result of interest rate increases, but may benefit less than other fixed income securities from declining interest rates, principally because of prepayments. Also, as in the case of MBS, prepayments generally increase during a period of declining interest rates although other factors, such as changes in credit use and payment patterns, may also influence prepayment rates. Asset-backed securities also involve the risk that various federal and state consumer laws and other legal, regulatory and economic factors may result in the collateral backing the securities being insufficient to support payment on the securities.

Loan Participations and Assignments. The Real Assets Portfolio may invest in loan participations and assignments. Loan participations are interests in loans or other direct debt instruments (“Loans”) relating to amounts owed by a corporate, governmental or other borrower to another party. Loans may represent amounts owed to lenders or lending syndicates, to suppliers of goods or services (trade claims or other receivables), or to other parties (“Lenders”) and may be fixed rate or floating rate. Loans also may be arranged through private negotiations between an issuer of sovereign debt obligations and Lenders. 

The Fund’s investments in Loans may be in the form of a participation in Loans (“Participations”) and assignments of all or a portion of Loans (“Assignments”) from third-parties. In the case of a Participation, the Fund will have the right to receive payments of principal, interest and any fees to which it is entitled only from the Lender selling the Participation and only upon receipt by the Lender of the payments from the borrower. In the event of an insolvency of the Lender selling a Participation, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of the Lender and may not benefit from any set-off between the Lender and the borrower. Certain Participations may be structured in a manner designed to avoid purchasers of Participations being subject to the credit risk of the Lender with respect to the Participation. Even under such a structure, in the event of a Lender’s insolvency, the Lender’s servicing of the Participation may be delayed and the assignability of the Participation may be impaired. The Fund will acquire Participations only if the Lender interpositioned between the Fund and the borrower is determined by the Adviser to be creditworthy. 

When the Fund purchases Assignments from Lenders it will acquire direct rights against the borrower on the Loan. However, because Assignments are arranged through private negotiations between potential assignees and potential assignors, the rights and obligations acquired by the Fund as the purchaser of an Assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the assigning Lender. Because there is no liquid market for Loan Participations and Assignments, it is likely that such securities could be sold only to a limited number of institutional investors. The lack of a liquid secondary market may have an adverse impact on the value of such securities and the Fund’s ability to dispose of particular Assignments or Participations when necessary to meet the Fund’s liquidity needs or in response to a specific economic event, such as a deterioration in the creditworthiness of the borrower. The lack of a liquid secondary market for Loan Participations and Assignments also may make it more difficult for the Fund to assign a value to these securities for purposes of valuing the Fund’s securities and calculating its NAV. 

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Loan Participations and Assignments involve a risk of loss in case of default or insolvency of the borrower. In addition, they may offer less legal protection to the Fund in the event of fraud or misrepresentation and may involve a risk of insolvency of the Lender. Certain Loan Participations and Assignments may also include standby financing commitments that obligate the investing Fund to supply additional cash to the borrower on demand. Participations involving emerging market country issuers may relate to Loans as to which there has been or currently exists an event of default or other failure to make payment when due, and may represent amounts owed to Lenders that are themselves subject to political and economic risks, including the risk of currency devaluation, expropriation, or failure. Such Loan Participations and Assignments present additional risk of default or loss.

Temporary Investments. When the Adviser believes that changes in market, economic, political or other conditions make it advisable, each Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash, cash equivalents and other fixed income securities for temporary defensive purposes. These temporary investments may consist of obligations of the U.S. or foreign governments, their agencies and instrumentalities; money market instruments; and instruments issued by international development agencies. 

Zero Coupons, Pay-In-Kind Securities or Deferred Payment Securities. Zero coupon, pay-in-kind and deferred payment securities are all types of fixed income securities on which the holder does not receive periodic cash payments of interest or principal. Generally, these securities are subject to greater price volatility and lesser liquidity in the event of adverse market conditions than comparably rated securities paying cash interest at regular intervals. Although a Fund will not receive cash periodic coupon payments on these securities, the Fund may be deemed to have received interest income, or “phantom income” during the life of the obligation. The Fund may have to distribute such phantom income to avoid taxes at the Fund level, although it has not received any cash payment. 

Zero Coupons. Zero coupons are fixed income securities that do not make regular interest payments. Instead, zero coupons are sold at a discount from their face value. The difference between a zero coupon’s issue or purchase price and its face value represents the imputed interest an investor will earn if the obligation is held until maturity. For tax purposes, a portion of this imputed interest is deemed as income received by zero coupon bondholders each year. Each Fund intends to pass along such interest as a component of the Fund’s distributions of net investment income. 

Zero coupons may offer investors the opportunity to earn a higher yield than that available on ordinary interest-paying obligations of similar credit quality and maturity. However, zero coupon prices may also exhibit greater price volatility than ordinary fixed income securities because of the manner in which their principal and interest are returned to the investor. 

Pay-In-Kind Securities. Pay-in-kind securities are securities that have interest payable by delivery of additional securities. Upon maturity, the holder is entitled to receive the aggregate par value of the securities. 

Deferred Payment Securities. Deferred payment securities are securities that remain zero coupons until a predetermined date, at which time the stated coupon rate becomes effective and interest becomes payable at regular intervals. 

Floaters. Floaters are fixed income securities with a rate of interest that varies with changes in specified market rates or indices, such as the prime rate, or at specified intervals. Certain floating or variable rate obligations may carry a demand feature that permits the holder to tender them back to the issuer of the underlying instrument, or to a third-party, at par value prior to maturity. When the demand feature of certain floating or variable rate obligations represents an obligation of a foreign entity, the demand feature will be subject to certain risks discussed under “Foreign Investment.” 

Inverse Floaters. Inverse floating rate obligations are obligations which pay interest at rates that vary inversely with changes in market rates of interest. Because the interest rate paid to holders of such obligations is generally determined by subtracting a variable or floating rate from a predetermined amount, the interest rate paid to holders of such obligations will decrease as such variable or floating rate increases and increase as such variable or floating rate decreases. 

Like most other fixed income securities, the value of inverse floaters will decrease as interest rates increase. They are more volatile, however, than most other fixed income securities because the coupon rate on an inverse floater typically changes at a multiple of the change in the relevant index rate. Thus, any rise in the index rate (as a consequence of an increase in interest rates) causes a correspondingly greater drop in the coupon rate of an inverse floater while a drop in the index rate causes a correspondingly greater increase in the coupon of an inverse floater. Some inverse floaters may also increase or decrease substantially because of changes in the rate of prepayments. 

Inverse floating rate investments tend to underperform the market for fixed rate bonds in a rising interest rate environment, but tend to outperform the market for fixed rate bonds when interest rates decline or remain relatively stable. Inverse floating rate investments have varying degrees of liquidity. 

Eurodollar and Yankee Dollar Obligations. Eurodollar and Yankee dollar obligations are fixed income securities that include time deposits, which are non-negotiable deposits maintained in a bank for a specified period of time at a stated interest rate. The Eurodollar obligations may include bonds issued and denominated in euros. Eurodollar obligations may be issued by government and corporate issuers in Europe. Yankee dollar obligations, which include time deposits and certificates of deposit, are U.S. dollar-

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denominated obligations issued in the U.S. capital markets by foreign banks. Eurodollar bank obligations, which include time deposits and certificates of deposit, are U.S. dollar-denominated obligations issued outside the U.S. capital markets by foreign branches of U.S. banks and by foreign banks. The Funds may consider Yankee dollar obligations to be domestic securities for purposes of their investment policies. 

Eurodollar and Yankee dollar obligations are subject to the same risks as domestic issues, notably credit risk, market risk and liquidity risk. However, Eurodollar (and to a limited extent, Yankee dollar) obligations are also subject to certain sovereign risks. One such risk is the possibility that a sovereign country might prevent capital from flowing across its borders. Other risks include adverse political and economic developments; the extent and quality of government regulations of financial markets and institutions; the imposition of foreign withholding taxes; and the expropriation or nationalization of foreign issuers. 

FOREIGN INVESTMENT 

Investing in foreign securities involves certain special considerations which are not typically associated with investments in the securities of U.S. issuers. Foreign issuers are not generally subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and may have policies that are not comparable to those of domestic issuers. As a result, there may be less information available about foreign issuers than about domestic issuers. Securities of some foreign issuers may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable domestic issuers. There is generally less government supervision and regulation of stock exchanges, brokers and listed issuers than in the United States. In addition, with respect to certain foreign countries, there is a possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, political and social instability, or diplomatic developments which could affect U.S. investments in those countries. The costs of investing in foreign countries frequently are higher than the costs of investing in the United States. Although the Adviser endeavors to achieve the most favorable execution costs in portfolio transactions, fixed commissions on many foreign stock exchanges are generally higher than negotiated commissions on U.S. exchanges. In addition, investments in certain foreign markets which have historically been considered stable may become more volatile and subject to increased risk due to ongoing developments and changing conditions in such markets. Moreover, the growing interconnectivity of global economies and financial markets has increased the probability that adverse developments and conditions in one country or region will affect the stability of economies and financial markets in other countries or regions. For instance, if one or more countries leave the European Union (“EU”) or the EU dissolves, the world’s securities markets likely will be significantly disrupted. 

Investments in securities of foreign issuers may be denominated in foreign currencies. Accordingly, the value of a Fund’s assets, as measured in U.S. dollars, may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency exchange rates and in exchange control regulations. A Fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. 

Certain foreign markets may rely heavily on particular industries or foreign capital and are more vulnerable to diplomatic developments, the imposition of economic sanctions against a particular country or countries, organizations, entities and/or individuals, changes in international trading patterns, trade barriers, and other protectionist or retaliatory measures. Economic sanctions could, among other things, effectively restrict or eliminate a Fund’s ability to purchase or sell securities or groups of securities for a substantial period of time, and may make a Fund’s investments in such securities harder to value. International trade barriers or economic sanctions against foreign countries, organizations, entities and/or individuals, may adversely affect a Fund’s foreign holdings or exposures. Investments in foreign markets may also be adversely affected by governmental actions such as the imposition of capital controls, nationalization of companies or industries, expropriation of assets, or the imposition of punitive taxes. Governmental actions can have a significant effect on the economic conditions in foreign countries, which also may adversely affect the value and liquidity of a Fund’s investments. For example, the governments of certain countries may prohibit or impose substantial restrictions on foreign investing in their capital markets or in certain sectors or industries. In addition, a foreign government may limit or cause delay in the convertibility or repatriation of its currency which would adversely affect the U.S. dollar value and/or liquidity of investments denominated in that currency. Any of these actions could severely affect security prices, impair a Fund’s ability to purchase or sell foreign securities or transfer a Fund’s assets back into the U.S., or otherwise adversely affect a Fund’s operations. Certain foreign investments may become less liquid in response to market developments or adverse investor perceptions, or become illiquid after purchase by a Fund, particularly during periods of market turmoil. Certain foreign investments may become illiquid when, for instance, there are few, if any, interested buyers and sellers or when dealers are unwilling to make a market for certain securities. When a Fund holds illiquid investments, its portfolio may be harder to value. 

Certain foreign governments may levy withholding or other taxes on dividend and interest income. Although in some countries a portion of these taxes may be recoverable, the non-recovered portion of foreign withholding taxes will reduce the income received from investments in such countries. The Funds may be able to pass through to its shareholders a credit for U.S. tax purposes with respect to any such foreign taxes. 

The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers may consider an issuer to be from a particular country (including the United States) or geographic region if: (i) its principal securities trading market is in that country or geographic region; (ii) alone or on a consolidated basis it derives 50% or more of its annual revenue or profits from goods produced, sales made or services performed in that country or geographic region or has at least 50% of its assets in that country or geographic region; or (iii) it is organized under the laws of, or has

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a principal office in, that country or geographic region. By applying these tests, it is possible that a particular issuer could be deemed to be from more than one country or geographic region. 

Referendum on the UK’s EU Membership. On June 23, 2016, the United Kingdom (“UK”) voted by referendum to leave the EU, an event widely referred to as “Brexit”. The UK is the first member to vote to leave the EU and its departure is expected to take several years to effect. At present, the nature of the relationship of the UK with the remaining EU members is uncertain. In addition, spurred by the UK referendum vote, other EU members may propose similar measures, thereby raising the possibility of additional departures from the EU. Accordingly, there is a heightened or increased risk of market instability and legal and regulatory change following the UK referendum vote. 

The Funds may make investments in the UK (before and after its departure from the EU), other EU members and in non-EU countries that are directly or indirectly affected by the exit of the UK from the EU. Adverse legal, regulatory or economic conditions affecting the economies of the countries in which the Funds conduct their business (including making investments) and any corresponding deterioration in global macro-economic conditions could have a material adverse effect on a Fund’s investment returns. Potential consequences to which the Funds may be exposed, directly or indirectly, as a result of the UK referendum vote include, but are not limited to, market dislocations, economic and financial instability in the UK and in other EU members, increased volatility and reduced liquidity in financial markets, reduced availability of capital, an adverse effect on investor and market sentiment, Sterling and Euro destabilization, reduced deal flow in a Fund’s target markets, increased counterparty risk and regulatory, legal and compliance uncertainties. Any of the foregoing or similar risks could have a material adverse effect on the operations, financial condition or investment returns of a Fund, the Adviser and/or the Sub-Advisers in general. The effects on the UK, European and global economies of the exit of the UK (and/or other EU members during the term of a Fund) from the EU, or the exit of other EU members from the European monetary area and/or the redenomination of financial instruments from the Euro to a different currency, are difficult to predict and to protect fully against. Prospective investors should note that many of the foregoing risks are totally, or in part, outside of the control of a Fund, the Adviser and Sub-Advisers. 

Foreign Equity Securities. Foreign equity securities are equity securities of a non-U.S. issuer. 

Foreign Government Fixed Income Securities. Foreign government fixed income securities are fixed income securities issued by a government other than the U.S. Government or government-related issuer in a country other than the United States. 

Foreign Corporate Fixed Income Securities. Foreign corporate fixed income securities are fixed income securities issued by a private issuer in a country other than the United States.

Emerging Market Securities. The Funds may invest in emerging market securities. An emerging market security is a security issued by an emerging market foreign government or private issuer. An emerging market foreign government or private issuer has one or more of the following characteristics: (i) its principal securities trading market is in an emerging market or developing country; (ii) alone or on a consolidated basis it derives 50% or more of its annual revenue or profits from goods produced, sales made or services performed in an emerging market or developing country or has at least 50% of its assets in an emerging market or developing country; or (iii) it is organized under the laws of, or has a principal office in, an emerging market or developing country. Based on these criteria it is possible for a security to be considered issued by an issuer in more than one country. Therefore, it is possible for the securities of any issuer that has one or more of these characteristics in connection with any emerging market or developing country to be considered an emerging market security when held in one Fund, but not considered an emerging market security when held in another Fund if it has one or more of these characteristics in connection with a developed country. 

Emerging market describes any country which is generally considered to be an emerging or developing country by major organizations in the international financial community or by a Fund’s benchmark index. 

The economies of individual emerging market or developing countries may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rate of inflation or deflation, currency depreciation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position. Further, the economies of developing countries generally are heavily dependent upon international trade and, accordingly, have been, and may continue to be, adversely affected by trade barriers, exchange controls, managed adjustments in relative currency values and other protectionist measures. These economies also have been, and may continue to be, adversely affected by economic conditions in the countries with which they trade. 

Prior governmental approval for foreign investments may be required under certain circumstances in some emerging market or developing countries, and the extent of foreign investment in certain fixed income securities and domestic companies may be subject to limitation in other emerging market or developing countries. Foreign ownership limitations also may be imposed by the charters of individual companies in emerging market or developing countries to prevent, among other concerns, violation of foreign investment limitations. Repatriation of investment income, capital and the proceeds of sales by foreign investors may require governmental registration and/or approval in some emerging countries. A Fund could be adversely affected by delays in, or a refusal to grant, any required governmental registration or approval for such repatriation. Any investment subject to such repatriation controls will be considered illiquid if it appears reasonably likely that this process will take more than seven days. 

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Investment in emerging market or developing countries may entail purchasing securities issued by or on behalf of entities that are insolvent, bankrupt, in default or otherwise engaged in an attempt to reorganize or reschedule their obligations and in entities that have little or no proven credit rating or credit history. In any such case, the issuer’s poor or deteriorating financial condition may increase the likelihood that the Fund will experience losses or diminution in available gains due to bankruptcy, insolvency or fraud. Emerging market or developing countries also pose the risk of nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, political changes, government regulation, social instability or diplomatic developments (including war) that could adversely affect the economies of such countries or the value of a Fund’s investments in those countries. In addition, it may be difficult to obtain and enforce a judgment in a court outside the United States. 

A Fund may also be exposed to an extra degree of custodial and/or market risk, especially where the securities purchased are not traded on an official exchange or where ownership records regarding the securities are maintained by an unregulated entity (or even the issuer itself).

Foreign Currency Transactions. The U.S. dollar value of the assets of the Funds, to the extent they invest in securities denominated in foreign currencies, may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency exchange rates and exchange control regulations, and the Funds may incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time for a number of reasons, including changes in interest rates and the overall economic health of the issuer. Devaluation of a currency by a country’s government or banking authority also will have a significant impact on the value of any investments denominated in that currency. The Funds may conduct their foreign currency exchange transactions on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the then-prevailing spot rate in the foreign currency exchange market. The Funds also may manage their foreign currency transactions by entering into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies or by using other instruments and techniques described under “Derivatives” below. 

Under normal circumstances, consideration of the prospect for changes in the values of currency will be incorporated into the long-term investment decisions made with regard to overall diversification strategies. However, the Adviser believes that it is important to have the flexibility to use such derivative products when it determines that it is in the best interests of a Fund. It may not be practicable to hedge foreign currency risk in all markets, particularly emerging markets.

Foreign Currency Warrants. The Funds may invest in foreign currency warrants, which entitle the holder to receive from the issuer an amount of cash (generally, for warrants issued in the United States, in U.S. dollars) which is calculated pursuant to a predetermined formula and based on the exchange rate between a specified foreign currency and the U.S. dollar as of the exercise date of the warrant. Foreign currency warrants generally are exercisable upon their issuance and expire as of a specified date and time. 

Foreign currency warrants have been issued in connection with U.S. dollar-denominated debt offerings by major corporate issuers in an attempt to reduce the foreign currency exchange risk which, from the point of view of prospective purchasers of the securities, is inherent in the international fixed income marketplace. Foreign currency warrants may attempt to reduce the foreign exchange risk assumed by purchasers of a security by, for example, providing for a supplemental payment in the event that the U.S. dollar depreciates against the value of a major foreign currency such as the Japanese Yen. The formula used to determine the amount payable upon exercise of a foreign currency warrant may make the warrant worthless unless the applicable foreign currency exchange rate moves in a particular direction (e.g., unless the U.S. dollar appreciates or depreciates against the particular foreign currency to which the warrant is linked or indexed). Foreign currency warrants are severable from the debt obligations with which they may be offered, and may be listed on exchanges. 

Foreign currency warrants may be exercisable only in certain minimum amounts, and an investor wishing to exercise warrants who possesses less than the minimum number required for exercise may be required either to sell the warrants or to purchase additional warrants, thereby incurring additional transaction costs. In the case of any exercise of warrants, there may be a delay between the time a holder of warrants gives instructions to exercise and the time the exchange rate relating to exercise is determined, during which time the exchange rate could change significantly, thereby affecting both the market and cash settlement values of the warrants being exercised. The expiration date of the warrants may be accelerated if the warrants should be delisted from an exchange or if their trading should be suspended permanently, which would result in the loss of any remaining “time value” of the warrants (i.e., the difference between the current market value and the exercise value of the warrants), and, in the case where the warrants were “out-of-the-money,” in a total loss of the purchase price of the warrants. 

Foreign currency warrants are generally unsecured obligations of their issuers and are not standardized foreign currency options issued by the Options Clearing Corporation (“OCC”). Unlike foreign currency options issued by the OCC, the terms of foreign exchange warrants generally will not be amended in the event of governmental or regulatory actions affecting exchange rates or in the event of the imposition of other regulatory controls affecting the international currency markets. The initial public offering price of foreign currency warrants is generally considerably in excess of the price that a commercial user of foreign currencies might pay in the interbank market for a comparable option involving significantly larger amounts of foreign currencies. Foreign currency warrants are subject to complex political or economic factors.

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Principal Exchange Rate Linked Securities. Principal exchange rate linked securities are debt obligations the principal on which is payable at maturity in an amount that may vary based on the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and a particular foreign currency at or about that time. The return on “standard” principal exchange rate linked securities is enhanced if the foreign currency to which the security is linked appreciates against the U.S. dollar, and is adversely affected by increases in the foreign exchange value of the U.S. dollar; “reverse” principal exchange rate linked securities are like the “standard” securities, except that their return is enhanced by increases in the value of the U.S. dollar and adversely impacted by increases in the value of foreign currency. Interest payments on the securities are generally made in U.S. dollars at rates that reflect the degree of foreign currency risk assumed or given up by the purchaser of the notes (i.e., at relatively higher interest rates if the purchaser has assumed some foreign currency risk). 

Brady Bonds. Brady Bonds are fixed income securities that are created through the exchange of existing commercial bank loans to foreign entities for new obligations in connection with debt restructuring under a plan introduced by Nicholas F. Brady when he was the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury. They may be collateralized or uncollateralized and issued in various currencies (although most are U.S. dollar-denominated) and they are actively traded in the over-the-counter (“OTC”) secondary market. A Fund will invest in Brady Bonds only if they are consistent with the Fund’s quality specifications. Dollar-denominated, collateralized Brady Bonds may be fixed rate par bonds or floating rate discount bonds. Interest payments on Brady Bonds generally are collateralized by cash or securities in an amount that, in the case of fixed rate bonds, is equal to at least one year of rolling interest payments or, in the case of floating rate bonds, initially is equal to at least one year’s rolling interest payments based on the applicable interest rate at that time and is adjusted at regular intervals thereafter. Certain Brady Bonds are entitled to “value recovery payments” in certain circumstances, which in effect constitute supplemental interest payments but generally are not collateralized. 

Brady Bonds are often viewed as having three or four valuation components: (i) the collateralized repayment of principal at final maturity; (ii) the collateralized interest payments; (iii) the uncollateralized interest payments; and (iv) any uncollateralized repayment of principal at maturity (these uncollateralized amounts constitute the “residual risk”). In the event of a default with respect to collateralized Brady Bonds as a result of which the payment obligations of the issuer are accelerated, the U.S. Treasury zero coupon obligations held as collateral for the payment of principal will not be distributed to investors, nor will such obligations be sold and the proceeds distributed. The collateral will be held by the collateral agent to the scheduled maturity of the defaulted Brady Bonds, which will continue to be outstanding, at which time the face amount of the collateral will equal the principal payments due on the Brady Bonds in the normal course. However, Brady Bonds should be viewed as speculative in light of the history of defaults with respect to commercial bank loans by public and private entities of countries issuing Brady Bonds. 

Investment Funds. Some emerging market countries have laws and regulations that currently preclude direct investment or make it undesirable to invest directly in the securities of their companies. However, indirect investment in the securities of companies listed and traded on the stock exchanges in these countries is permitted by certain emerging market countries through investment funds that have been specifically authorized. A Fund may invest in these investment funds subject to the provisions of the 1940 Act, as applicable, and other applicable laws. Funds that may invest in these investment funds will invest in such investment funds only where appropriate given that the Fund’s shareholders will bear indirectly the layer of expenses of the underlying investment funds in addition to their proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund. 

OTHER SECURITIES AND INVESTMENT STRATEGIES 

Loans of Portfolio Securities. Each Fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers, banks and other institutional investors. By lending its portfolio securities, a Fund attempts to increase its net investment income through the receipt of interest on the cash collateral with respect to the loan or fees received from the borrower in connection with the loan. Any gain or loss in the market price of the securities loaned that might occur during the term of the loan would be for the account of the Fund. The Funds employ an agent to implement the securities lending program and the agent receives a fee from the Funds for its services. A Fund will not lend more than 33⅓% of the value of its total assets. 

Each Fund may lend its portfolio securities so long as the terms, structure and the aggregate amount of such loans are not inconsistent with the 1940 Act or the rules and regulations or interpretations of the SEC thereunder, which currently require that (i) the borrower pledge and maintain with the Fund collateral consisting of liquid, unencumbered assets having a value not less than 100% of the value of the securities loaned; (ii) the borrower add to such collateral whenever the price of the securities loaned rises (i.e., the borrower “marks-to-market” on a daily basis); (iii) the loan be made subject to termination by the Fund at any time; and (iv) the Fund receives a reasonable return on the loan (which may include the Fund investing any cash collateral in interest bearing short-term investments), any distributions on the loaned securities and any increase in their market value. In addition, voting rights may pass with the loaned securities, but a Fund will retain the right to call any security in anticipation of a vote that the Adviser deems material to the security on loan. 

Loans of securities involve a risk that the borrower may fail to return the securities or may fail to maintain the proper amount of collateral, which may result in a loss of money by a Fund. There may be risks of delay and costs involved in recovery of securities or even loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially. These delays and costs could be greater for foreign securities. However, loans will be made only to borrowers deemed by the Adviser to be creditworthy and when, in the judgment of the Adviser, the income which can be earned from such securities loans justifies the attendant risk. All relevant facts and

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circumstances, including the creditworthiness of the broker, dealer, bank or institution, will be considered in making decisions with respect to the lending of securities, subject to review by the Company’s Board of Directors. Each Fund loaning securities also bears the risk that the reinvestment of collateral will result in a principal loss. Finally, there is the risk that the price of the securities will increase while they are on loan and the collateral will not be adequate to cover their value.

Non-Publicly Traded Securities, Private Placements and Restricted Securities. The Funds may invest in securities that are neither listed on a stock exchange nor traded OTC, including privately placed and restricted securities. Such unlisted securities may involve a higher degree of business and financial risk that can result in substantial losses. As a result of the absence of a public trading market for these securities, they may be less liquid than publicly traded securities. Although these securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from these sales could be less than those originally paid by the Fund or less than what may be considered the fair value of such securities. Furthermore, companies whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to the disclosure and other investor protection requirements which might be applicable if their securities were publicly traded. The illiquidity of the market, as well as the lack of publicly available information regarding these securities, may also adversely affect the ability of the Funds to arrive at a fair value for certain securities at certain times and could make it difficult for the Funds to sell certain securities. If such securities are required to be registered under the securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being sold, a Fund may be required to bear the expenses of registration. 

As a general matter, a Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets, determined at the time of investment, in illiquid securities, such as securities for which there is not a readily available secondary market or securities that are restricted from sale to the public without registration, including commercial paper issued in reliance on the so-called “private placement” exemption afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”). However, certain Restricted Securities can be offered and sold to qualified institutional buyers under Rule 144A under the 1933 Act (“Rule 144A Securities”), and may be deemed to be liquid under guidelines adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Funds may invest without limit in liquid Rule 144A Securities. Rule 144A Securities may become illiquid if qualified institutional buyers are not interested in acquiring the securities. 

The Funds may purchase equity securities in a private placement that are issued by issuers who have outstanding, publicly-traded equity securities of the same class (“private investments in public equity” or “PIPES”). Shares in PIPES generally are not registered with the SEC until after a certain time period from the date the private sale is completed. This restricted period can last many months. Until the public registration process is completed, PIPES are restricted as to resale and the Funds cannot freely trade the securities. Generally, such restrictions cause the PIPES to be illiquid during this time. PIPES may contain provisions that the issuer will pay specified financial penalties to the holder if the issuer does not publicly register the restricted equity securities within a specified period of time, but there is no assurance that the restricted equity securities will be publicly registered, or that the registration will remain in effect. 

When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Securities. From time to time, the Funds may purchase securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis or may purchase or sell securities on a forward commitment basis. When these transactions are negotiated, the price is fixed at the time of the commitment, but delivery and payment can take place a month or more after the date of commitment. The Funds may sell the securities before the settlement date, if it is deemed advisable. The securities so purchased or sold are subject to market fluctuation and no interest or dividends accrue to the purchaser prior to the settlement date. 

At the time a Fund makes the commitment to purchase or sell securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis, it will record the transaction and thereafter reflect the value, each day, of such security purchased, or if a sale, the proceeds to be received, in determining its NAV. At the time of delivery of the securities, their value may be more or less than the purchase or sale price. An increase in the percentage of a Fund’s assets committed to the purchase of securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis may increase the volatility of its NAV. Each Fund will also earmark or segregate cash or liquid assets or establish a segregated account on the Fund’s books in which it will continually maintain cash or cash equivalents or other liquid portfolio securities equal in value to commitments to purchase securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis. 

Borrowing for Investment Purposes. Borrowing for investment purposes creates leverage which is a speculative characteristic. Funds authorized to borrow will do so only when the Adviser believes that borrowing will benefit the Fund after taking into account considerations such as the costs of borrowing and the likely investment returns on securities purchased with borrowed funds. Borrowing by a Fund will create the opportunity for increased net income but, at the same time, will involve special risk considerations. Leverage that results from borrowing will magnify declines as well as increases in a Fund’s NAV and net yield. Each Fund that engages in borrowing expects that all of its borrowing will be made on a secured basis. The Fund will either segregate the assets securing the borrowing for the benefit of the lenders or arrangements will be made with a suitable sub-custodian. If assets used to secure the borrowing decrease in value, a Fund may be required to pledge additional collateral to the lender in the form of cash or securities to avoid liquidation of those assets. 

Temporary Borrowing. Each Fund is permitted to borrow from banks in an amount up to 10% of its total assets for extraordinary or emergency purposes. For example, the Funds may borrow for temporary defensive purposes or to meet shareholder redemptions

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when the Adviser believes that it would not be in the best interests of a Fund to liquidate portfolio holdings. Each Fund will not purchase additional securities while temporary borrowings exceed 5% of its total assets. 

The Board of Directors of the Company has approved procedures whereby the Funds together with other investment companies advised by the Adviser or its affiliates may enter into a joint line of credit arrangement with a bank. Each Fund would be liable only for its own temporary borrowings under the joint line of credit arrangements.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements. Under a reverse repurchase agreement, a Fund sells a security and promises to repurchase that security at an agreed-upon future date and price. The price paid to repurchase the security reflects interest accrued during the term of the agreement. The Fund will earmark or segregate cash or liquid assets or establish a segregated account holding cash and other liquid assets in an amount not less than the purchase obligations of the agreement. Reverse repurchase agreements may be viewed as a speculative form of borrowing called leveraging. A Fund may invest in reverse repurchase agreements if (i) interest earned from leveraging exceeds the interest expense of the original reverse repurchase transaction and (ii) proceeds from the transaction are not invested for longer than the term of the reverse repurchase agreement. 

The use of leverage may cause a Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet earmarking requirements. Leverage, including borrowing, may cause a Fund to be more volatile than if the Fund had not been leveraged. This is because leverage tends to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities. All forms of borrowing (including reverse repurchase agreements) are limited in the aggregate and may not exceed 33⅓% of a Fund’s total assets, except as permitted by law. 

Short Sales. A short sale is a transaction in which a Fund sells securities that it owns or has the right to acquire at no added cost (i.e., “against the box”) or does not own (but has borrowed) in anticipation of a decline in the market price of the securities. To deliver the securities to the buyer, the Fund arranges through a broker to borrow the securities and, in so doing, the Fund becomes obligated to replace the securities borrowed at their market price at the time of replacement. When selling short, the Fund intends to replace the securities at a lower price and therefore, profit from the difference between the cost to replace the securities and the proceeds received from the sale of the securities. When the Fund makes a short sale, the proceeds it receives from the sale will be held on behalf of a broker until the Fund replaces the borrowed securities. The Fund may have to pay a premium to borrow the securities and must pay any dividends or interest payable on the securities until they are replaced. 

The Fund’s obligation to replace the securities borrowed in connection with a short sale will be secured by collateral deposited with the broker that consists of cash or other liquid securities. In addition, the Fund will earmark or segregate cash or liquid assets or place in a segregated account an amount of cash or other liquid assets equal to the difference, if any, between (i) the current market value of the securities sold at the time they were sold short, and (ii) any cash or other liquid securities deposited as collateral with the broker in connection with the short sale. This amount will be adjusted daily to reflect changes in the value of the securities sold short. A Fund also can cover its obligations by owning another security (such as a call option) giving it the right to obtain the same kind and amount of the security it sold short. Short sales by the Fund involve certain risks and special considerations. If the Adviser incorrectly predicts that the price of the borrowed security will decline, the Fund will have to replace the securities with securities with a greater value than the amount received from the sale. As a result, losses from short sales differ from losses that could be incurred from a purchase of a security, because losses from short sales may be unlimited, whereas losses from purchases can equal only the total amount invested. 

DERIVATIVES 

The Funds may, but are not required to, use various derivatives and related investment strategies as described below. Derivatives may be used for a variety of purposes including hedging, risk management, portfolio management or to earn income. Any or all of the investment techniques described herein may be used at any time and there is no particular strategy that dictates the use of one technique rather than another, as the use of any derivative by a Fund is a function of numerous variables, including market conditions. A Fund complies with applicable regulatory requirements when using derivatives, including the earmarking or segregating of cash or of liquid assets when mandated by the SEC rules or SEC staff positions. Although the Adviser seeks to use derivatives to further a Fund’s investment objective, no assurance can be given that the use of derivatives will achieve this result.

General Risks of Derivatives. Derivatives utilized by a Fund may involve the purchase and sale of derivative instruments. A derivative is a financial instrument the value of which depends upon (or derives from) the value of another asset, security, interest rate or index. Derivatives may relate to a wide variety of underlying instruments, including equity and debt securities, indices, interest rates, currencies and other assets. Certain derivative instruments that a Fund may use and the risks of those instruments are described in further detail below. A Fund may in the future also utilize derivatives techniques, instruments and strategies that may be newly developed or permitted as a result of regulatory changes, consistent with a Fund’s investment objective and policies. Such newly developed techniques, instruments and strategies may involve risks different than or in addition to those described herein. No assurance can be given that any derivatives strategy employed by a Fund will be successful. 

The risks associated with the use of derivatives are different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the instruments underlying such derivatives. Derivatives are highly specialized instruments that require investment

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techniques and risk analyses different from other portfolio investments. The use of derivative instruments requires an understanding not only of the underlying instrument but also of the derivative itself. Certain risk factors generally applicable to derivative transactions are described below.

 

Derivatives are subject to the risk that the market value of the derivative itself or the market value of underlying instruments will change in a way adverse to a Fund’s interests. A Fund bears the risk that the Adviser may incorrectly forecast future market trends and other financial or economic factors or the value of the underlying security, index, interest rate or currency when establishing a derivatives position for a Fund.

 

Derivatives may be subject to pricing risk, which exists when a derivative becomes extraordinarily expensive (or inexpensive) relative to historical prices or corresponding instruments. Under such market conditions, it may not be economically feasible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price.

 

Many derivatives are complex and often valued subjectively. Improper valuations can result in increased payment requirements to counterparties or a loss of value to a Fund.

 

Using derivatives as a hedge against a portfolio investment subjects a Fund to the risk that the derivative will have imperfect correlation with the portfolio investment, which could result in a Fund incurring substantial losses. This correlation risk may be greater in the case of derivatives based on an index or other basket of securities, as the portfolio securities being hedged may not duplicate the components of the underlying index or the basket may not be of exactly the same type of obligation as those underlying the derivative. The use of derivatives for “cross hedging” purposes (using a derivative based on one instrument as a hedge on a different instrument) may also involve greater correlation risks.

 

While using derivatives for hedging purposes can reduce a Fund’s risk of loss, it may also limit a Fund’s opportunity for gains or result in losses by offsetting or limiting a Fund’s ability to participate in favorable price movements in portfolio investments.

 

Derivatives transactions for non-hedging purposes involve greater risks and may result in losses which would not be offset by increases in the value of portfolio securities or declines in the cost of securities to be acquired. In the event that a Fund enters into a derivatives transaction as an alternative to purchasing or selling the underlying instrument or in order to obtain desired exposure to an index or market, a Fund will be exposed to the same risks as are incurred in purchasing or selling the underlying instruments directly as well as the additional risks associated with derivatives transactions.

 

The use of certain derivatives transactions, including OTC derivatives, involves the risk of loss resulting from the insolvency or bankruptcy of the counterparty to the contract or the failure by the counterparty to make required payments or otherwise comply with the terms of the contract. In the event of default by a counterparty, a Fund may have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction.

 

Liquidity risk exists when a particular derivative is difficult to purchase or sell. If a derivative transaction is particularly large or if the relevant market is illiquid, a Fund may be unable to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price.

 

While some derivatives are cleared through a regulated, central clearinghouse, many derivatives transactions are not entered into or traded on exchanges or in markets regulated by the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) or the SEC. Instead, in some cases, certain types of bilateral OTC derivatives are entered into directly by a Fund and a counterparty and may be traded only through financial institutions acting as market makers. OTC derivatives transactions can only be entered into with a willing counterparty that is approved by the Adviser in accordance with guidelines established by the Board. Where no such counterparty is available, a Fund will be unable to enter into a desired OTC transaction. There also may be greater risk that no liquid secondary market in the trading of OTC derivatives will exist, in which case a Fund may be required to hold such instruments until exercise, expiration or maturity. Many of the protections afforded to participants in the cleared derivatives markets are not available to participants in bilateral OTC derivatives transactions. Bilateral OTC derivatives transactions are not subject to the guarantee of a clearinghouse and, as a result, a Fund would bear greater risk of default by the counterparties to such transactions.

 

A Fund may be required to make physical delivery of portfolio securities underlying a derivative in order to close out a derivatives position or to sell portfolio securities at a time or price at which it may be disadvantageous to do so in order to obtain cash to close out or to maintain a derivatives position.

 

As a result of the structure of certain derivatives, adverse changes in, among other things, interest rates, volatility or the value of the underlying instrument can result in losses substantially greater than the amount invested in the derivative itself. Certain derivatives have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment.

 

Certain derivatives may be considered illiquid and therefore subject to a Fund’s limitation on investments in illiquid securities.

 

Derivatives transactions conducted outside the United States may not be conducted in the same manner as those entered into on U.S. exchanges, and may be subject to different margin, exercise, settlement or expiration procedures. Brokerage commissions, clearing costs and other transaction costs may be higher on foreign exchanges. Many of the risks of OTC derivatives transactions are also applicable to derivatives transactions conducted outside the United States. Derivatives transactions conducted outside the United States are subject to the risk of governmental action affecting the trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities, currencies and other instruments. The value of such positions could be adversely affected by foreign political and economic factors; lesser availability of data on which to make trading decisions; delays on a Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets; and less liquidity than U.S. markets.

 

Currency derivatives are subject to additional risks. Currency derivatives transactions may be negatively affected by government
 

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exchange controls, blockages and manipulation. Currency exchange rates may be influenced by factors extrinsic to a country’s economy. There is no systematic reporting of last sale information with respect to foreign currencies. As a result, the available information on which trading in currency derivatives will be based may not be as complete as comparable data for other transactions. Events could occur in the foreign currency market which will not be reflected in currency derivatives until the following day, making it more difficult for a Fund to respond to such events in a timely manner.
 

Regulatory Matters. As described herein, a Fund may be required to cover its potential economic exposure to certain derivatives transactions by holding an offsetting financial position and/or earmarking or segregating cash or liquid assets equal in value to a Fund’s potential economic exposure under the transaction. A Fund will cover such transactions as described herein or in such other manner in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. Assets used to cover derivatives transactions cannot be sold while the derivatives position is open, unless they are replaced by other appropriate assets. Earmarked or segregated cash or liquid assets and assets held in margin accounts are not otherwise available to a Fund for investment purposes. If a large portion of a Fund’s assets are used to cover derivatives transactions or are otherwise earmarked or segregated, it could affect portfolio management or a Fund’s ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations. With respect to derivatives which are cash-settled (i.e., have no physical delivery requirement), a Fund is permitted to earmark or segregate cash or liquid assets in an amount equal to a Fund’s daily marked-to-market net obligations (i.e., a Fund’s daily net liability) under the derivative, if any, rather than the derivative’s full notional amount or the market value of the instrument underlying the derivative, as applicable. By segregating assets equal to only its net obligations under cash-settled derivatives, a Fund will have the ability to employ leverage to a greater extent than if a Fund were required to segregate assets equal to the full notional amount of the derivative or the market value of the underlying instrument, as applicable. 

Regulatory developments affecting the exchange-traded and OTC derivatives markets may impair a Fund’s ability to manage or hedge its investment portfolio through the use of derivatives. In particular, proposed regulatory changes by the SEC relating to a mutual fund’s use of derivatives could potentially limit or impact a Fund’s ability to invest in derivatives and adversely affect the value or performance of the Fund or its derivative investments. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) and the rules promulgated thereunder may limit the ability of a Fund to enter into one or more exchange-traded or OTC derivatives transactions. 

A Fund’s use of derivatives may also be limited by the requirements of the Code for qualification as a regulated investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes. 

The Company, on behalf of each Fund, has filed a notice of eligibility with the National Futures Association (“NFA”) claiming an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” (“CPO”) pursuant to CFTC Regulation 4.5, as promulgated under the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended (“CEA”), with respect to each Fund’s operations. Therefore, neither the Funds nor the Adviser (with respect to the Funds), is subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool or CPO under the CEA. If a Fund becomes subject to these requirements, as well as related NFA rules, the Fund may incur additional compliance and other expenses. 

With respect to investments in swap transactions, commodity futures, commodity options or certain other commodity interests used for purposes other than bona fide hedging purposes, an investment company must meet one of the following tests under the amended regulations in order for its investment adviser to claim an exemption from being considered a CPO. First, the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish an investment company’s positions in such investments may not exceed five percent (5%) of the liquidation value of the investment company’s portfolio (after accounting for unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such investments). Alternatively, the aggregate net notional value of such instruments, determined at the time of the most recent position established, may not exceed one hundred percent (100%) of the liquidation value of the investment company’s portfolio (after accounting for unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions). In addition to meeting one of the foregoing trading limitations, the investment company may not market itself as a commodity pool or otherwise as a vehicle for trading in the commodity futures, commodity options or swaps and derivatives markets.

Forwards. A foreign currency forward exchange contract is a negotiated agreement between two parties to exchange specified amounts of two or more currencies at a specified future time at a specified rate. The rate specified by the foreign currency forward exchange contract can be higher or lower than the spot rate between the currencies that are the subject of the contract. A Fund may also invest in non-deliverable foreign currency forward exchange contracts (“NDFs”). NDFs are similar to other foreign currency forward exchange contracts, but do not require or permit physical delivery of currency upon settlement. Instead, settlement is made in cash based on the difference between the contracted exchange rate and the spot foreign exchange rate at settlement. Currency futures are similar to foreign currency forward exchange contracts, except that they are traded on an exchange and standardized as to contract size and delivery date. Most currency futures call for payment or delivery in U.S. dollars. Unanticipated changes in currency prices may result in losses to a Fund and poorer overall performance for a Fund than if it had not entered into foreign currency forward exchange contracts. The Funds may enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts under various circumstances. The typical use of a foreign currency forward exchange contract is to “lock in” the price of a security in U.S. dollars or some other foreign currency, which a Fund is holding in its portfolio. By entering into a foreign currency forward exchange contract for the

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purchase or sale, for a fixed amount of dollars or other currency, of the amount of foreign currency involved in the underlying security transactions, a Fund may be able to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the U.S. dollar or other currency which is being used for the security purchase and the foreign currency in which the security is denominated during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold and the date on which payment is made or received. The Adviser also may from time to time utilize foreign currency forward exchange contracts for other purposes. For example, they may be used to hedge a foreign security held in the portfolio against a decline in value of the applicable foreign currency. They also may be used to lock in the current exchange rate of the currency in which those securities anticipated to be purchased are denominated. At times, a Fund may enter into “cross-currency” hedging transactions involving currencies other than those in which securities are held or proposed to be purchased are denominated. 

A Fund will not enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts or maintain a net exposure to these contracts where the consummation of the contracts would obligate a Fund to deliver an amount of foreign currency in excess of the value of a Fund’s portfolio securities. 

When required by law, a Fund will earmark or segregate cash or U.S. government securities or other appropriate liquid portfolio securities in an amount equal to the value of a Fund’s total assets committed to the consummation of foreign currency forward exchange contracts entered into under the circumstances set forth above. If the value of the securities so earmarked declines, additional cash or securities will be segregated or earmarked on a daily basis so that the value of such securities will equal the amount of a Fund’s commitments with respect to such contracts. 

A Fund may be limited in its ability to enter into hedging transactions involving foreign currency forward exchange contracts by the Code requirements relating to qualification as a regulated investment company. 

Foreign currency forward exchange contracts may limit gains on portfolio securities that could otherwise be realized had they not been utilized and could result in losses. The contracts also may increase a Fund’s volatility and may involve a significant amount of risk relative to the investment of cash.

Futures Contracts. A futures contract is a standardized agreement to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying asset, reference rate or index at a specific price at a specific future time (the “settlement date”). Futures contracts may be based on, among other things, a specified equity security (securities futures), a specified debt security or reference rate (interest rate futures), the value of a specified securities index (index futures) or the value of a foreign currency (currency futures). The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in tandem with the value of the underlying instrument. The buyer of a futures contract agrees to purchase the underlying instrument on the settlement date and is said to be “long” the contract. The seller of a futures contract agrees to sell the underlying instrument on the settlement date and is said to be “short” the contract. Futures contracts call for settlement only on the expiration date and cannot be “exercised” at any other time during their term. 

Depending on the terms of the particular contract, futures contracts are settled through either physical delivery of the underlying instrument on the settlement date (such as in the case of securities futures based on a specified debt security) or by payment of a cash settlement amount on the settlement date (such as in the case of futures contracts relating to broad-based securities indices). In the case of cash settled futures contracts, the settlement amount is equal to the difference between the reference instrument’s price on the last trading day of the contract and the reference instrument’s price at the time the contract was entered into. Most futures contracts, particularly futures contracts requiring physical delivery, are not held until the settlement date, but instead are offset before the settlement date through the establishment of an opposite and equal futures position (buying a contract that had been sold, or selling a contract that had been purchased). All futures transactions are effected through a clearinghouse associated with the exchange on which the futures are traded. 

The buyer and seller of a futures contract are not required to deliver or pay for the underlying commodity unless the contract is held until the settlement date. However, both the buyer and seller are required to deposit “initial margin” with a futures commission merchant when the futures contract is entered into. Initial margin deposits are typically calculated as a percentage of the contract’s market value. If the value of either party’s position declines, the party will be required to make additional “variation margin” payments to settle the change in value on a daily basis. The process is known as “marking-to-market.” Upon the closing of a futures position through the establishment of an offsetting position, a final determination of variation margin will be made and additional cash will be paid by or released to a Fund. 

In addition, a Fund may be required to earmark or segregate cash or liquid assets or maintain earmarked or segregated cash or liquid assets in order to cover futures transactions. A Fund will earmark or segregate cash or liquid assets in an amount equal to the difference between the market value of a futures contract entered into by a Fund and the aggregate value of the initial and variation margin payments made by a Fund with respect to such contract or as otherwise permitted by SEC rules or SEC staff positions. See “Regulatory Matters” above. 

Additional Risks of Futures Transactions. The risks associated with futures contract transactions are different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the underlying instruments. Futures are highly specialized instruments that require

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investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with other portfolio investments. The use of futures requires an understanding not only of the underlying instrument but also of the futures contract itself. Futures may be subject to the risk factors generally applicable to derivatives transactions described herein, and may also be subject to certain additional risk factors, including:

 

The risk of loss in buying and selling futures contracts can be substantial. Small price movements in the commodity underlying a futures position may result in immediate and substantial loss (or gain) to a Fund.

 

Buying and selling futures contracts may result in losses in excess of the amount invested in the position in the form of initial margin. In the event of adverse price movements in the underlying commodity, security, index, currency or instrument, a Fund would be required to make daily cash payments to maintain its required margin. A Fund may be required to sell portfolio securities, or make or take delivery of the underlying securities in order to meet daily margin requirements at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. A Fund could lose margin payments deposited with a futures commission merchant if the futures commission merchant breaches its agreement with a Fund, becomes insolvent or declares bankruptcy.

 

Most exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during any single trading day. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular futures contract, no trades may be made on that day at prices beyond that limit. If futures contract prices were to move to the daily limit for several trading days with little or no trading, a Fund could be prevented from prompt liquidation of a futures position and subject to substantial losses. The daily limit governs only price movements during a single trading day and therefore does not limit a Fund’s potential losses.

 

Index futures based upon a narrower index of securities may present greater risks than futures based on broad market indices, as narrower indices are more susceptible to rapid and extreme fluctuations as a result of changes in value of a small number of securities.
 

Options. The Real Assets Portfolio may invest in options. An option is a contract that gives the holder of the option the right, but not the obligation, to buy from (in the case of a call option) or sell to (in the case of a put option) the buyer or seller, as applicable, of the option (the “option writer”) the underlying security at a specified fixed price (the “exercise price”) on or prior to a specified date for American options or only at expiration for European options (the “expiration date”). The buyer of the option pays to the option writer the option premium, which is the purchase price of the option. 

Exchange-traded options are issued by a regulated intermediary such as the OCC, which guarantees the performance of the obligations of the parties to such options. OTC options are purchased from or sold to counterparties through direct bilateral agreement between the Fund and its counterparties. Certain options, such as options on individual securities, are settled through physical delivery of the underlying security, whereas other options, such as index options, may be settled in cash in an amount based on the difference between the value of the underlying instrument and the strike price, which is then multiplied by a specified multiplier.

Writing Options. The Real Assets Portfolio may write call and put options. As the writer of a call option, the Fund receives the premium from the purchaser of the option and has the obligation, upon exercise of the option, to deliver the underlying security upon payment of the exercise price. If the option expires without being exercised the Fund is not required to deliver the underlying security and retains the premium received. 

The Real Assets Portfolio may only write call options that are “covered.” A call option on a security is covered if (a) the Fund owns the security underlying the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, such amount is maintained by the Fund in earmarked or segregated cash or liquid assets) upon conversion or exchange of other securities held by the Fund; or (b) the Fund has purchased a call on the underlying security, the exercise price of which is (i) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written, or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the call written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in earmarked or segregated cash or liquid assets. 

Selling call options involves the risk that the Fund may be required to sell the underlying security at a disadvantageous price, below the market price of such security, at the time the option is exercised. As the writer of a covered call option, the Fund forgoes, during the option’s life, the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the underlying security covering the option above the sum of the premium and the exercise price but retains the risk of loss should the price of the underlying security decline. 

The Real Assets Portfolio may write put options. As the writer of a put option, the Fund receives the premium from the purchaser of the option and has the obligation, upon exercise of the option, to pay the exercise price and receive delivery of the underlying security. If the option expires without being exercised, the Fund is not required to receive the underlying security in exchange for the exercise price and retains the option premium. 

The Fund may only write put options that are “covered.” A put option on a security is covered if (a) the Fund earmarks or segregates cash or liquid assets equal to the exercise price; or (b) the Fund has purchased a put on the same security as the put written, the exercise price of which is (i) equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written, or (ii) less than the exercise price of the put written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in earmarked or segregated cash or liquid assets. 

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Selling put options involves the risk that the Fund may be required to buy the underlying security at a disadvantageous price, above the market price of such security, at the time the option is exercised. While the Fund’s potential gain in writing a covered put option is limited to the premium received plus the interest earned on the liquid assets covering the put option, the Fund’s risk of loss is equal to the entire value of the underlying security, offset only by the amount of the premium received. 

The Fund may close out an options position which it has written through a closing purchase transaction. The Fund could execute a closing purchase transaction with respect to a written call option by purchasing a call option on the same underlying security which has the same exercise price and expiration date as the call option written by the Fund. The Fund could execute a closing purchase transaction with respect to a put option written by purchasing a put option on the same underlying security and having the same exercise price and expiration date as the put option written by the Fund. A closing purchase transaction may or may not result in a profit to the Fund. The Fund can close out its position as an option writer only if a liquid market exists for options on the same underlying security which have the same exercise price and expiration date as the option written by the Fund. There is no assurance that such a market will exist with respect to any particular option. 

The writer of an American option generally has no control over the time when the option is exercised and the option writer is required to deliver or acquire the underlying security. Once an option writer has received an exercise notice, it cannot effect a closing purchase transaction in order to terminate its obligation under the option. Thus, the use of options may require the Fund to buy or sell portfolio securities at inopportune times or for prices other than the current market values of such securities, which may limit the amount of appreciation the Fund can realize on an investment, or may cause the Fund to hold a security that it might otherwise sell.

Purchasing Options. The Real Assets Portfolio may purchase call and put options. As the buyer of a call option, the Fund pays the premium to the option writer and has the right to purchase the underlying security from the option writer at the exercise price. If the market price of the underlying security rises above the exercise price, the Fund could exercise the option and acquire the underlying security at a below market price, which could result in a gain to the Fund, minus the premium paid. As the buyer of a put option, the Fund pays the premium to the option writer and has the right to sell the underlying security to the option writer at the exercise price. If the market price of the underlying security declines below the exercise price, the Fund could exercise the option and sell the underlying security at an above market price, which could result in a gain to the Fund, minus the premium paid. The Fund may buy call and put options whether or not it holds the underlying securities. 

As a buyer of a call or put option, the Fund may sell put or call options that it has purchased at any time prior to such option’s expiration date through a closing sale transaction. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, interest rates, the current market price of the underlying security in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the underlying security, the underlying security’s dividend policy, and the time remaining until the expiration date. A closing sale transaction may or may not result in a profit to the Fund. The Fund’s ability to initiate a closing sale transaction is dependent upon the liquidity of the options market and there is no assurance that such a market will exist with respect to any particular option. If the Fund does not exercise or sell an option prior to its expiration date, the option expires and becomes worthless.

OTC Options. Unlike exchange-traded options, which are standardized with respect to the underlying instrument, expiration date, contract size and strike price, the terms of OTC options generally are established through negotiation between the parties to the options contract. This type of arrangement allows the purchaser and writer greater flexibility to tailor the option to their needs. OTC options are available for a greater variety of securities or baskets of securities, and in a wider range of expiration dates and exercise prices, than exchange-traded options. However, unlike exchange-traded options, which are issued and guaranteed by a regulated intermediary, such as the OCC, OTC options are entered into directly with the counterparty. Unless the counterparties provide for it, there is no central clearing or guaranty function for an OTC option. Therefore, OTC options are subject to the risk of default or non-performance by the counterparty. Accordingly, the Adviser must assess the creditworthiness of the counterparty to determine the likelihood that the terms of the option will be satisfied. There can be no assurance that a continuous liquid secondary market will exist for any particular OTC option at any specific time. As a result, the Fund may be unable to enter into closing sale transactions with respect to OTC options.

Index Options. Call and put options on indices operate similarly to options on securities. Rather than the right to buy or sell a single security at a specified price, options on an index give the holder the right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount of cash determined by reference to the difference between the value of the underlying index and the strike price. The underlying index may be a broad-based index or a narrower market index. Unlike many options on securities, all settlements are in cash. The settlement amount, which the writer of an index option must pay to the holder of the option upon exercise, is generally equal to the difference between the strike price of the option and the value of the underlying index, multiplied by a specified multiplier. The multiplier determines the size of the investment position the option represents. Gain or loss to the Fund on index options transactions will depend, in part, on price movements of the underlying index generally or in a particular segment of the index rather than price movements of individual components of the index. As with other options, the Fund may close out its position in index options through closing purchase transactions and closing sale transactions provided that a liquid secondary market exists for such options. 

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Index options written by the Fund will generally be covered in a manner similar to the covering of other types of options, by holding an offsetting financial position and/or segregating or earmarking cash or liquid assets. The Fund may cover call options written on an index by owning securities or other assets whose price changes, in the opinion of the Adviser, are expected to correlate to those of the underlying index.

Foreign Currency Options. Options on foreign currencies operate similarly to options on securities. Rather than the right to buy or sell a single security at a specified price, options on foreign currencies give the holder the right to buy or sell foreign currency for a fixed amount in U.S. dollars or other base currencies. Options on foreign currencies are traded primarily in the OTC market, but may also be traded on U.S. and foreign exchanges. The value of a foreign currency option is dependent upon the value of the underlying foreign currency relative to the U.S. dollar or other base currency. The price of the option may vary with changes, among other things, in the value of either or both currencies and has no relationship to the investment merits of a foreign security. Options on foreign currencies are affected by all of those factors which influence foreign exchange rates and foreign investment generally. As with other options, the Fund may close out its position in foreign currency options through closing purchase transactions and closing sale transactions provided that a liquid market exists for such options. 

Foreign currency options written by the Fund will generally be covered in a manner similar to the covering of other types of options, by holding an offsetting financial position and/or segregating or earmarking cash or liquid assets.

Options on Futures Contracts. Options on futures contracts are similar to options on securities except that options on futures contracts give the purchasers the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a futures contract (a long position in the case of a call option and a short position in the case of a put option) at a specified exercise price at any time prior to the expiration of the option. Upon exercise of the option, the parties will be subject to all of the risks associated with futures transactions and subject to margin requirements. As the writer of options on futures contracts, the Fund would also be subject to initial and variation margin requirements on the option position. 

Options on futures contracts written by the Fund will generally be covered in a manner similar to the covering of other types of options, by holding an offsetting financial position and/or earmarking or segregating cash or liquid assets. The Fund may cover an option on a futures contract by purchasing or selling the underlying futures contract. In such instances the exercise of the option will serve to close out the Fund’s futures position.

Additional Risks of Options Transactions. The risks associated with options transactions are different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the underlying instruments. Options are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with other portfolio investments. The use of options requires an understanding not only of the underlying instrument but also of the option itself. Options may be subject to the risk factors generally applicable to derivatives transactions described herein, and may also be subject to certain additional risk factors, including:

 

The exercise of options written or purchased by the Fund could cause the Fund to sell portfolio securities, thus increasing the Fund’s portfolio turnover.

 

The Fund pays brokerage commissions each time it writes or purchases an option or buys or sells an underlying security in connection with the exercise of an option. Such brokerage commissions could be higher relative to the commissions for direct purchases of sales of the underlying securities.

 

The Fund’s options transactions may be subject to limitations on options positions established by the SEC, the CFTC or the exchanges on which such options are traded.

 

The hours of trading for exchange-listed options may not coincide with the hours during which the underlying securities are traded. To the extent that the options markets close before the markets for the underlying securities, significant price and rate movements can take place in the underlying securities that cannot be reflected in the options markets.

 

Index options based upon a narrow index of securities or other assets may present greater risks than options based on broad market indices, as narrower indices are more susceptible to rapid and extreme fluctuations as a result of changes in the values of a smaller number of securities or other assets.

 

The Fund is subject to the risk of market movements between the time that an option is exercised and the time of performance thereunder, which could increase the extent of any losses suffered by a Fund in connection with options transactions.
 

Swaps. The Real Assets Portfolio may invest in swaps. An OTC swap contract is an agreement between two parties pursuant to which the parties exchange payments at specified dates on the basis of a specified notional amount, with the payments calculated by reference to specified securities, indices, reference rates, currencies or other instruments. Most swap agreements provide that when the period payment dates for both parties are the same, the payments are made on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with only the net amount paid by one party to the other). The Fund’s obligations or rights under a swap contract entered into on a net basis will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement, based on the relative values of the positions held by each counterparty. Many swap agreements are not entered into or traded on exchanges and often there is no central clearing or guaranty function for swaps. These OTC swaps are often subject to the risk of default or non-performance by the counterparty. Accordingly, the Adviser must assess the creditworthiness of the counterparty to determine the likelihood that the terms of the swap will be satisfied. 

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Swap agreements allow for a wide variety of transactions. For example, fixed-rate payments may be exchanged for floating rate payments, U.S. dollar-denominated payments may be exchanged for payments denominated in foreign currencies, and payments tied to the price of one security, index, reference rate, currency or other instrument may be exchanged for payments tied to the price of a different security, index, reference rate, currency or other instrument. Swap contracts are typically individually negotiated and structured to provide exposure to a variety of particular types of investments or market factors. Swap contracts can take many different forms and are known by a variety of names. To the extent consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and policies, the Fund is not limited to any particular form or variety of swap contract. The Fund may utilize swaps to increase or decrease its exposure to the underlying instrument, reference rate, foreign currency, market index or other asset. The Real Assets Portfolio may also enter into related derivative instruments including caps, floors and collars. 

The Fund may be required to cover swap transactions. Obligations under swap agreements entered into on a net basis are generally accrued daily and any accrued but unpaid amounts owed by the Fund to the swap counterparty will be covered by earmarking or segregating cash or liquid assets. If the Fund enters into a swap agreement on other than a net basis, the Fund will earmark or segregate cash or liquid assets with a value equal to the full notional amount of the Fund’s accrued obligations under the agreement. 

The Dodd-Frank Act and related regulatory developments require the eventual clearing and exchange-trading of many standardized OTC derivative instruments that the CFTC and SEC recently defined as “swaps” and “security based swaps,” respectively. Mandatory exchange-trading and clearing is occurring on a phased-in basis based on the type of market participant and CFTC approval of contracts for central clearing and exchange trading. In a cleared swap, the Fund’s ultimate counterparty is a central clearinghouse rather than a brokerage firm, bank or other financial institution. The Fund initially will enter into cleared swaps through an executing broker. Such transactions will then be submitted for clearing and, if cleared, will be held at regulated futures commission merchants (“FCMs”) that are members of the clearinghouse that serves as the central counterparty. When the Fund enters into a cleared swap, it must deliver to the central counterparty (via an FCM) an amount referred to as “initial margin.” Initial margin requirements are determined by the central counterparty, but an FCM may require additional initial margin above the amount required by the central counterparty. During the term of the swap agreement, a “variation margin” amount may also be required to be paid by the Fund or may be received by the Fund in accordance with margin controls set for such accounts, depending upon changes in the price of the underlying reference asset subject to the swap agreement. At the conclusion of the term of the swap agreement, if the Fund has a loss equal to or greater than the margin amount, the margin amount is paid to the FCM along with any loss that is greater than such margin amount. If the Fund has a loss of less than the margin amount, the excess margin is returned to the Fund. If a Fund has a gain, the full margin amount and the amount of the gain is paid to the Fund. 

Central clearing is designed to reduce counterparty credit risk compared to uncleared swaps because central clearing interposes the central clearinghouse as the counterparty to each participant’s swap, but it does not eliminate those risks completely. There is also a risk of loss by the Fund of the initial and variation margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of the FCM with which the Fund has an open position in a swap contract. The assets of the Fund may not be fully protected in the event of the bankruptcy of the FCM or central counterparty because the Fund might be limited to recovering only a pro rata share of all available funds and margin segregated on behalf of an FCM’s or central counterparty’s customers or clearing members. If the FCM does not provide accurate reporting, the Fund is also subject to the risk that the FCM could use the Fund’s assets, which are held in an omnibus account with assets belonging to the FCM’s other customers, to satisfy its own financial obligations or the payment obligations of another customer to the central counterparty. Certain swaps have begun trading on exchanges called swap execution facilities. Exchange-trading is expected to increase liquidity of swaps trading. 

In addition, with respect to cleared swaps, the Fund may not be able to obtain as favorable terms as it would be able to negotiate for an uncleared swap. In addition, an FCM may unilaterally impose position limits or additional margin requirements for certain types of swaps in which the Fund may invest. Central counterparties and FCMs generally can require termination of existing cleared swap transactions at any time, and can also require increases in margin above the margin that is required at the initiation of the swap agreement. Margin requirements for cleared swaps vary on a number of factors, and the margin required under the rules of the clearinghouse and FCM may be in excess of the collateral required to be posted by the Fund to support its obligations under a similar uncleared swap. However, regulators are expected to adopt rules imposing certain margin requirements, including minimums, on uncleared swaps in the near future, which could change this comparison. 

The Fund is also subject to the risk that, after entering into a cleared swap with an executing broker, no FCM or central counterparty is willing or able to clear the transaction. In such an event, the central counterparty would void the trade. Before the Fund can enter into a new trade, market conditions may become less favorable to the Fund. 

The Adviser will continue to monitor developments regarding trading and execution of cleared swaps on exchanges, particularly to the extent regulatory changes affect the Fund’s ability to enter into swap agreements and the costs and risks associated with such investments.

Interest Rate Swaps, Caps, Floors and Collars. Interest rate swaps consist of an agreement between two parties to exchange their respective commitments to pay or receive interest (e.g., an exchange of floating rate payments for fixed-rate payments). Interest rate

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swaps are generally entered into on a net basis. Interest rate swaps do not involve the delivery of securities, other underlying assets, or principal. Accordingly, the risk of market loss with respect to interest rate and total rate of return swaps is typically limited to the net amount of interest payments that the Fund is contractually obligated to make. 

The Real Assets Portfolio may also buy or sell interest rate caps, floors and collars. The purchase of an interest rate cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified interest rate index exceeds a predetermined level, to receive payments of interest on a specified notional amount from the party selling the interest rate cap. The purchase of an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified interest rate falls below a predetermined level, to receive payments of interest on a specified notional amount from the party selling the interest rate floor. A collar is a combination of a cap and a floor that preserves a certain return within a predetermined range of interest rates. Caps, floors and collars may be less liquid than other types of derivatives. If the Fund sells caps, floors and collars, it will earmark or segregate cash or liquid assets with a value equal to the full amount, accrued daily, of the Fund’s net obligations with respect to the caps, floors or collars.

Index Swaps. An index swap consists of an agreement between two parties in which a party typically exchanges a cash flow based on a notional amount of a reference index for a cash flow based on a different index or on another specified instrument or reference rate. Index swaps are generally entered into on a net basis. 

Inflation Swaps. Inflation swap agreements are contracts in which one party typically agrees to pay the cumulative percentage increase in a price index, such as the Consumer Price Index, over the term of the swap (with some lag on the referenced inflation index), and the other party pays a compounded fixed rate. Inflation swap agreements may be used to protect the NAV of the Fund against an unexpected change in the rate of inflation measured by an inflation index. The value of inflation swap agreements is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation.

Currency Swaps. A currency swap consists of an agreement between two parties to exchange cash flows on a notional amount of two or more currencies based on the relative value differential among them, such as exchanging a right to receive a payment in foreign currency for the right to receive U.S. dollars. Currency swap agreements may be entered into on a net basis or may involve the delivery of the entire principal value of one designated currency in exchange for the entire principal value of another designated currency. In such cases, the entire principal value of a currency swap is subject to the risk that the counterparty will default on its contractual delivery obligations. 

Credit Default Swaps. A credit default swap consists of an agreement between two parties in which the “buyer” typically agrees to pay to the “seller” a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract and the seller agrees to pay the buyer the par (or other agreed-upon) value of a referenced debt obligation upon the occurrence of a credit event with respect to the issuer of that referenced debt obligation. Generally, a credit event means bankruptcy, failure to pay, obligation acceleration or modified restructuring. The Fund may be either the buyer or seller in a credit default swap. Where the Fund is the buyer of a credit default swap contract, it would typically be entitled to receive the par (or other agreed-upon) value of a referenced debt obligation from the counterparty to the contract only in the event of a default or similar event by the issuer of the debt obligation. If no default occurs, the Fund would have paid to the counterparty a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract and received no benefit from the contract. The Fund will generally earmark or segregate cash or liquid assets to cover any potential obligation under a credit default swap sold by the Fund. The use of credit default swaps could result in losses to the Fund if the Adviser fails to correctly evaluate the creditworthiness of the issuer of the referenced debt obligation.

Swaptions. An option on a swap agreement, also called a “swaption,” is an option that gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to enter into a swap on a future date in exchange for a premium. A receiver swaption gives the owner the right to receive the return of a specified asset, reference rate, or index. A payer swaption gives the owner the right to pay the return of a specified asset, reference rate, or index. Swaptions also include options that allow an existing swap to be terminated or extended by one of the counterparties. 

General Risks of Swaps. The risks associated with swap transactions are different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the underlying instruments. Swaps are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with other portfolio investments. The use of swaps requires an understanding not only of the underlying instrument but also of the swap contract itself. Swap transactions may be subject to the risk factors generally applicable to derivatives transactions described above, and may also be subject to certain additional risk factors, including:

 

OTC swap agreements are currently not traded on exchanges and may be subject to liquidity risk, which exists when a particular swap is difficult to purchase or sell.

 

In addition to the risk of default by the counterparty, if the creditworthiness of a counterparty to a swap agreement declines, the value of the swap agreement would be likely to decline, potentially resulting in losses.

 

The swaps market is subject to extensive regulation under the Dodd-Frank Act and certain CFTC and SEC rules promulgated thereunder. It is possible that further developments in the swaps market, including new and additional governmental regulation,
 

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could result in higher Fund costs and expenses and could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to utilize swaps, terminate existing swap agreements or realize amounts to be received under such agreements.
 

Contracts for Difference. The Real Assets Portfolio may purchase contracts for difference (“CFDs”). A CFD is a privately negotiated contract between two parties, buyer and seller, stipulating that the seller will pay to or receive from the buyer the difference between the nominal value of the underlying instrument at the opening of the contract and that instrument’s value at the end of the contract. The underlying instrument may be a single security, stock basket or index. A CFD can be set up to take either a short or long position on the underlying instrument. The buyer and seller are typically both required to post margin, which is adjusted daily. The buyer will also pay to the seller a financing rate on the notional amount of the capital employed by the seller less the margin deposit. A CFD is usually terminated at the buyer’s initiative. The seller of the CFD will simply match the exposure of the underlying instrument in the open market and the parties will exchange whatever payment is due. 

As is the case with owning any financial instrument, there is the risk of loss associated with buying a CFD. For example, if the Fund buys a long CFD and the underlying security is worth less at the end of the contract, the Fund would be required to make a payment to the seller and would suffer a loss. Also, there may be liquidity risk if the underlying instrument is illiquid because the liquidity of a CFD is based on the liquidity of the underlying instrument. A further risk is that adverse movements in the underlying security will require the buyer to post additional margin. CFDs also carry counterparty risk, i.e., the risk that the counterparty to the CFD transaction may be unable or unwilling to make payments or to otherwise honor its financial obligations under the terms of the contract. If the counterparty were to do so, the value of the contract, and of the Fund’s shares, may be reduced. The Fund will not enter into a CFD transaction that is inconsistent with its investment objective, policies and strategies.

Structured Investments. The Real Assets Portfolio also may invest a portion of its assets in structured investments. A structured investment is a derivative security designed to offer a return linked to a particular underlying security, currency, commodity or market, for which the amount of principal repayment and/or interest payments is based on the change in value of such underlying security, currency, commodity or market, including, among others, currency exchange rates, interest rates (such as the prime lending rate or LIBOR), referenced bonds and stock indices or other financial references. Structured investments may come in various forms, including notes, warrants and options to purchase securities, and may be listed and traded on an exchange or otherwise traded in the OTC market. 

The Fund will typically use structured investments to gain exposure to a permitted underlying security, currency, commodity or market when direct access to such security, currency, commodity or market is limited or inefficient from a tax, cost or regulatory standpoint. Investments in structured investments involve risks including issuer risk, counterparty risk and market risk. Holders of structured investments bear risks of the underlying investment and are subject to issuer or counterparty risk because the holders are relying on the creditworthiness of such issuer or counterparty and have no rights with respect to the underlying investment. Certain structured investments may be thinly traded or have a limited trading market and may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s illiquidity to the extent that the Fund, at a particular point in time, may be unable to find qualified buyers for these investments. 

A structured investment may be linked either positively or negatively to an underlying security, currency, commodity, index or market and a change in interest rates, principal amount, volatility, currency values or other factors, depending on the structured investment’s design, may result in a gain or loss that is a multiple of the movement of such interest rates, principal amount, volatility, currency values or other factors. Application of a multiplier is comparable to the use of financial leverage, a speculative technique. Leverage magnifies the potential for gain and the risk of loss. As a result, a relatively small decline in the value of the referenced factor could result in a relatively large loss in the value of a structured investment. 

Other types of structured investments include interests in entities organized and operated for the purpose of restructuring the investment characteristics of underlying investment interests or securities. This type of securitization or restructuring usually involves the deposit or purchase of an underlying security by a U.S. or foreign entity, such as a corporation or trust of specified instruments, and the issuance by that entity of one or more classes of securities backed by, or representing an interest in, the underlying instruments. The cash flow or rate of return on the underlying investments may be apportioned among the newly issued securities to create different investment characteristics, such as varying maturities, credit quality, payment priorities and interest rate provisions. Structured investments which are subordinated, for example, in payment priority often offer higher returns, but may result in increased risks compared to other investments.

Combined Transactions. Combined transactions involve entering into multiple derivatives transactions (such as multiple options transactions, including purchasing and writing options in combination with each other; multiple futures transactions; and combinations of options, futures, forward and swap transactions) instead of a single derivatives transaction in order to customize the risk and return characteristics of the overall position. Combined transactions typically contain elements of risk that are present in each of the component transactions. A Fund may enter into a combined transaction instead of a single derivatives transaction when, in the opinion of the Adviser, it is in the best interest of the Fund to do so. Because combined transactions involve multiple transactions, they may result in higher transaction costs and may be more difficult to close out. 

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Commodity-Linked Investments. The Real Assets Portfolio may seek to provide exposure to the investment returns of real assets that trade in the commodity markets through investments in commodity-linked derivative securities, such as structured notes, which are designed to provide this exposure without direct investment in physical commodities or commodities futures contracts. Real assets are assets such as oil, gas, industrial and precious metals, livestock, and agricultural or meat products, or certain other tangible items, as compared to stocks or bonds, which are intangible financial instruments. In choosing investments, the Adviser seeks to provide exposure to various commodities and commodity sectors. The value of commodity-linked derivative securities held by the Fund may be affected by a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, overall market movements and other factors affecting the value of particular industries or commodities, such as weather, disease, embargoes, acts of war or terrorism, or political and regulatory developments. 

The prices of commodity-linked derivative securities may move in different directions than investments in traditional equity and debt securities when the value of those traditional securities is declining due to adverse economic conditions. As an example, during periods of rising inflation, debt securities have historically tended to decline in value due to the general increase in prevailing interest rates. Conversely, during those same periods of rising inflation, the prices of certain commodities, such as oil and metals, have historically tended to increase. Of course, there cannot be any guarantee that these investments will perform in that manner in the future, and at certain times the price movements of commodity-linked instruments have been parallel to those of debt or equity securities. Commodities have historically tended to increase and decrease in value during different parts of the business cycle than financial assets. Nevertheless, at various times, commodities prices may move in tandem with the prices of financial assets and thus may not provide overall portfolio diversification benefits. Under favorable economic conditions, the Fund’s investments may underperform an investment in traditional securities. Over the long term, the returns on the Fund’s investments are expected to exhibit low or negative correlation with stocks and bonds.

SPECIAL RISKS RELATED TO CYBER SECURITY 

The Company and its service providers are susceptible to cyber security risks that include, among other things, theft, unauthorized monitoring, release, misuse, loss, destruction or corruption of confidential and highly restricted data; denial of service attacks; unauthorized access to relevant systems; compromises to networks or devices that the Company and its service providers use to service the Company’s operations; or operational disruption or failures in the physical infrastructure or operating systems that support the Company and its service providers. Cyber attacks against or security breakdowns of the Company or its service providers may adversely impact the Company and its shareholders, potentially resulting in, among other things, financial losses; the inability of Company shareholders to transact business and the Company to process transactions; inability to calculate a Fund’s NAV; violations of applicable privacy and other laws; regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs; and/or additional compliance costs. The Company may incur additional costs for cyber security risk management and remediation purposes. In addition, cyber security risks may also impact issuers of securities in which a Company invests, which may cause a Company’s investment in such issuers to lose value. There can be no assurance that the Company or its service providers will not suffer losses relating to cyber attacks or other information security breaches in the future.

INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS 

Fundamental Limitations 

Each Fund has adopted the following restrictions, which are fundamental policies and may not be changed without the approval of the lesser of: (i) at least 67% of the voting securities of the Fund present at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund are present or represented by proxy; or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. Each Fund will not:

 

1 purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments; provided that this restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing or selling options, futures contracts and related options thereon, forward contracts, swaps, caps, floors, collars and any other financial instruments or from investing in securities or other instruments backed by physical commodities or as otherwise permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time;

 

2 purchase or sell real estate, although it may purchase and sell securities of companies that deal in real estate and may purchase and sell securities that are secured by interests in real estate;

 

3 make loans of money or property to any person, except (a) to the extent that securities or interests in which the Fund may invest are considered to be loans, (b) through the loan of portfolio securities, (c) by engaging in repurchase agreements or (d) as may otherwise be permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Company from the provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time;

 

4 except with respect to the Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio, invest in a manner inconsistent with its classification as a
 

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“diversified company” as provided by (i) the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time;

 

5 borrow money, except the Fund may borrow money to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time;

 

6 issue senior securities, except the Fund may issue senior securities to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time;

 

7 underwrite securities issued by others, except to the extent that the Fund may be considered an underwriter within the meaning of the 1933 Act in the disposition of restricted securities; and

 

8 acquire any securities of companies within one industry if, as a result of such acquisition, 25% or more of the value of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in securities of companies within such industry; provided, however, that there shall be no limitation on the purchase of obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, except that the Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio will invest 25% or more of its total assets in the real estate industry and that the Real Assets Portfolio will invest 25% or more of its total assets in the real estate and infrastructure group of industries.
 

Non-Fundamental Limitations 

In addition, each Fund has adopted the following non-fundamental investment limitations, which may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval. Each Fund will not:

 

1 purchase on margin or sell short except (i) that each Fund may enter into option transactions and futures contracts as described in its Prospectus; and (ii) as specified above in fundamental investment limitation number (1) above;

 

2 make loans except (i) by purchasing bonds, debentures or similar obligations (including repurchase agreements, subject to the limitations as described in the respective Prospectuses) that are publicly distributed; and (ii) by lending its portfolio securities to banks, brokers, dealers and other financial institutions so long as such loans are not inconsistent with the 1940 Act or the rules and regulations or interpretations of the SEC thereunder;

 

3 borrow money, except from banks for extraordinary or emergency purposes, and then only in amounts up to 10% of the value of the Fund’s total assets (including, in each case, the amount borrowed less liabilities (other than borrowings)), or purchase securities while borrowings exceed 5% of its total assets; and

 

4 invest in other investment companies in reliance on Sections 12(d)(1)(F), 12(d)(1)(G) or 12(d)(1)(J) of the 1940 Act.
 

Whether diversified or non-diversified, each Fund will satisfy the diversification requirements for tax treatment as a regulated investment company (“RIC”). As a result, each Fund will diversify its holdings so that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year or within 30 days thereafter, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash (including cash items and receivables), U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, for purposes of this calculation to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer; and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its total assets is invested in the securities of any one issuer (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs) or of one or more “qualified” publicly traded partnerships.  

The percentage limitations contained in these fundamental and non-fundamental limitations apply at the time of purchase of securities. A later change in percentage resulting from changes in the value of the Fund’s assets or in total or net assets of the Fund will not be considered a violation of the restriction and the sale of securities will not be required. The foregoing does not apply to borrowings. Future portfolios of the Company may adopt different limitations. 

The investment policies, limitations or practices of the Funds may not apply during periods of unusual or adverse market, economic, political or other conditions. Such market, economic, political or other conditions may include periods of abnormal or heightened market volatility, strained credit and/or liquidity conditions or increased governmental intervention in the markets or industries. During such periods, a Fund may not invest according to its principal investment strategies or in the manner in which its name may suggest, and may be subject to different and/or heightened risks. It is possible that such unusual or adverse conditions may continue for extended periods of time.

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

The Company’s Board of Directors and the Adviser have adopted policies and procedures regarding disclosure of portfolio holdings (the “Policy”). Pursuant to the Policy, the Adviser may disclose information concerning Company portfolio holdings only if such disclosure is consistent with the antifraud provisions of the federal securities laws and the Company’s and the Adviser’s fiduciary duties to Company shareholders. In no instance may the Adviser, Sub-Advisers or the Company receive compensation or any other

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consideration in connection with the disclosure of information about the portfolio securities of the Company. Consideration includes any agreement to maintain assets in the Company or in other investment companies or accounts managed by the Adviser or by any affiliated person of the Adviser. Non-public information concerning portfolio holdings may be divulged to third-parties only when the Company has a legitimate business purpose for doing so and the recipients of the information are subject to a duty of confidentiality. Under no circumstances shall current or prospective Company shareholders receive non-public portfolio holdings information, except as described below. 

The Company makes available on its public website the following portfolio holdings information:

 

complete portfolio holdings information monthly, at least 15 calendar days after the end of each month; and

 

top 10 holdings monthly, at least 15 calendar days after the end of each month.
 

The Company provides a complete schedule of portfolio holdings for the second and fourth fiscal quarters in its semi-annual and annual reports, and for the first and third fiscal quarters in its filings with the SEC on Form N-Q. 

All other portfolio holdings information that has not been disseminated in a manner making it available to investors generally as described above is non-public information for purposes of the Policy. 

The Company may make selective disclosure of non-public portfolio holdings information pursuant to certain exemptions set forth in the Policy. Third-parties eligible for exemptions under the Policy and therefore eligible to receive such disclosures currently include clients/shareholders (such as redeeming shareholders in kind), fund rating agencies, information exchange subscribers, proxy voting or advisory services, pricing services, consultants and analysts, portfolio analytics providers, transition managers and service providers, provided that the third-party expressly agrees to maintain the disclosed information in confidence and not to trade portfolio securities or related derivative securities based on the non-public information. Non-public portfolio holdings information may not be disclosed to a third-party pursuant to an exemption unless and until the third-party recipient has entered into a non-disclosure agreement with the Company and the arrangement has been reviewed and approved as set forth in the Policy and discussed below. In addition, persons who owe a duty of trust or confidence to the Company or the Adviser may receive non-public portfolio holdings information without entering into a non-disclosure agreement. Currently, these persons include (i) the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm (as of the Company’s fiscal year end and on an as-needed basis), (ii) counsel to the Company (on an as needed basis), (iii) counsel to the independent Directors (on an as-needed basis) and (iv) members of the Board of Directors (on an as-needed basis). Subject to the terms and conditions of any agreement between the Adviser or the Company and the third-party recipient, if these conditions for disclosure are satisfied, there shall be no restriction on the frequency with which Company non-public portfolio holdings information is released, and no lag period shall apply (unless otherwise indicated below). 

The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers may provide interest lists to broker-dealers who execute securities transactions for the Company without entering into a non-disclosure agreement with the broker-dealers, provided that the interest list satisfies all of the following criteria: (1) the interest list must contain only the CUSIP numbers and/or ticker symbols of securities held in all registered management investment companies advised by the Adviser and Sub-Advisers or any affiliate of the Adviser or Sub-Advisers (the “MSIM Funds”) on an aggregate, rather than a fund-by-fund basis; (2) the interest list will not disclose portfolio holdings on a fund-by-fund basis; (3) the interest list must not contain information about the number or value of shares owned by a specified MSIM Fund; (4) the interest list may identify the investment strategy, but not the particular MSIM Funds, to which the list relates; and (5) the interest list may not identify the portfolio manager or team members responsible for managing the MSIM Funds. 

The Company may discuss or otherwise disclose performance attribution analyses (i.e., mention the effects of having a particular security in the portfolio(s)) where such discussion is not contemporaneously made public, provided that the particular holding has been disclosed publicly or the information that includes such holding(s) has been made available to shareholders requesting such information. Additionally, any discussion of the analyses may not be more current than the date the holding was disclosed publicly or the information that includes such holding(s) has been made available to shareholders requesting such information. 

Portfolio holdings information may be provided to broker-dealers, prime brokers, futures commission merchants, or similar providers in connection with each Fund’s portfolio trading or operational processing activities; such entities generally need access to such information in the performance of their duties and responsibilities to fund service providers and are subject to a duty of confidentiality, including a duty not to trade on material nonpublic information, imposed by law or contract. Portfolio holdings information may also be provided to affiliates of Morgan Stanley Investment Management (“MSIM”) pursuant to regulatory requirements or may be reported by each Fund’s counterparties to certain global trade repositories pursuant to regulatory requirements. 

The Adviser, the Sub-Advisers, the Company and/or certain Funds currently have entered into ongoing arrangements regarding the selective disclosure of complete portfolio holdings information, except as otherwise noted, with the following parties:

Name 

Frequency1

Lag Time 

Service Providers

 

 

State Street Bank and Trust Company

Daily basis 

Daily

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Name 

Frequency1

Lag Time 

KellyCo Marketing 

Monthly basis and Quarterly basis 

Varying lag times after the date of the information

Commcise Software Limited 

Monthly basis 

Approximately three business days 

ITG Inc. 

Monthly basis 

Approximately three business days 

R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company 

Monthly basis and Quarterly basis 

Varying lag times after the date of the information

Fund Rating Agencies

 

 

Lipper

Monthly basis 

Approximately six business days after month end 

Portfolio Analytics Providers

 

 

Bloomberg Finance, L.P. 

Daily basis 

Daily 

FactSet Research Systems, Inc.

Daily basis 

Daily 

FX Transparency LLC 

Quarterly basis 

Approximately three-four weeks after quarter end 

1 Dissemination of portfolio holdings information to entities listed above may occur less frequently than indicated (or not at all).

All disclosures of non-public portfolio holdings information made to third-parties pursuant to the exemptions set forth in the Policy must be reviewed and approved by the Adviser, which will also determine from time-to-time whether such third-parties should continue to receive portfolio holdings information. 

The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers shall report quarterly to the Board of Directors (or a designated committee thereof) at the next regularly scheduled meeting: (i) any material information concerning all parties receiving non-public portfolio holdings information pursuant to an exemption; and (ii) any new non-disclosure agreements entered into during the reporting period. Procedures to monitor the use of such non-public portfolio holdings information may include requiring annual certifications that the recipients have utilized such information only pursuant to the terms of the agreement between the recipient and the Adviser and, for those recipients receiving information electronically, acceptance of the information will constitute reaffirmation that the third-party expressly agrees to maintain the disclosed information in confidence and not to trade portfolio securities based on the non-public information. 

PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES 

Information concerning how Fund shares are offered to the public (and how they are redeemed or exchanged) is provided in the applicable Fund’s Prospectus. Each Fund reserves the right in its sole discretion (i) to suspend the offering of its shares; (ii) to reject purchase orders when in the judgment of management such rejection is in the best interest of the Company; and (iii) to reduce or waive the minimum for initial investments for certain categories of investments. 

The NAV of each Fund is calculated on days that the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) is open for business. NAV is determined as of the close of trading of the NYSE (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) (for each Fund, the “Pricing Time”). If the NYSE is closed due to inclement weather, technology problems or any other reason on a day it would normally be open for business, or the NYSE has an unscheduled early closing on a day it has opened for business, a Fund reserves the right to treat such day as a business day and accept purchase and redemption orders until, and calculate its NAV as of, the normally scheduled close of regular trading on the NYSE for that day, so long as the Adviser believes there generally remains an adequate market to obtain reliable and accurate market quotations. The Funds may elect to remain open and price their shares on days when the NYSE is closed but the primary securities markets on which the Funds’ securities trade remain open.

Additional Purchase Information 

You may purchase Class I, Class A, Class C and Class IS shares directly from the Funds by Federal Funds wire or by check; however, on days that the NYSE is open but the custodian bank is closed, you may only purchase shares by check. Investors may also invest in the Funds by purchasing Class I, Class A, Class C and/or Class IS shares through certain third-parties, such as brokers, dealers or other financial intermediaries that have entered into a selling agreement with the Distributor (each a “Financial Intermediary”). Some Financial Intermediaries may charge an additional service or transaction fee (see also “Investment Through Financial Intermediaries”). If a purchase is canceled due to nonpayment or because your check does not clear, you will be responsible for any loss the Funds or their agents incur. If you are already a shareholder, the Funds may redeem shares from your account(s) to reimburse the Funds or their agents for any loss. In addition, you may be prohibited or restricted from making future investments in the Fund. 

Check. An account may be opened and you may purchase Class I, Class A, Class C and Class IS shares by completing and signing a New Account Application and mailing it, together with a check payable to “Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. — [Fund name]” to: 

Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc.
 c/o DST Asset Manager Solutions, Inc.
 P.O. Box 219804 Kansas City, MO 64121-9804 

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A purchase of shares by check ordinarily will be credited to your account at the NAV of each of the Funds determined on the day of receipt.

Investment Through Financial Intermediaries 

Certain Financial Intermediaries have made arrangements with the Company so that an investor may purchase Class I, Class A, Class C and Class IS shares or redeem Class I, Class A, Class C and Class IS at the NAV (after any applicable sales load or contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”)) next determined after the Financial Intermediary receives the share order. In other instances, the Company has also authorized such Financial Intermediaries to designate other intermediaries to receive purchase and redemption orders on the Company’s behalf at the share price next determined after such designees receive the share order. Under these arrangements, the Company will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when the Financial Intermediary or, if applicable, a Financial Intermediary’s authorized designee, receives the share order from an investor.

Conversion to a New Share Class 

If the value of an account containing shares of a Fund falls below the investment minimum for the class of shares held by the account because of shareholder redemption(s) or the failure to meet one of the waiver criteria set forth in the applicable Fund’s Prospectus and, if the account value remains below such investment minimum, the shares in such account may, at the Adviser’s discretion, convert to another class of shares offered by the Fund, if an account meets the minimum investment amount for such class, and will be subject to the shareholder services fee and other features applicable to such shares. Conversion to another class of shares will result in holding a share class with higher fees. The Company will not convert to another class of shares based solely upon changes in the market that reduce the NAV of shares. Under current tax law, conversion between share classes is generally not a taxable event to the shareholder. Shareholders will be notified prior to any such conversion. 

Involuntary Redemption of Shares 

If your account has been converted to a new share class and the value of an account falls below the investment minimum for that class because of shareholder redemption(s) or you no longer meet one of the waiver criteria set forth in the applicable Fund’s Prospectus, and if the account value remains below such investment minimum, the shares in such account may be subject to redemption by the Company. The Company will not redeem shares based solely upon changes in the market that reduce the NAV of shares. If shares are redeemed, redemption proceeds will be promptly paid to the shareholder. Shareholders will be notified prior to any such redemption. 

Suspension of Redemptions 

The Company may suspend the right of redemption or postpone the date of payment (i) during any period that the NYSE is closed, or trading on the NYSE is restricted as determined by the SEC; (ii) during any period when an emergency exists as determined by the SEC as a result of which it is not practicable for a Fund to dispose of securities it owns, or fairly to determine the value of its assets; and (iii) for such other periods as the SEC may permit. 

Further Redemption Information 

To protect your account and the Company from fraud, signature guarantees are required for certain redemptions. Signature guarantees enable the Fund to verify the identity of the person who has authorized a redemption from your account. Signature guarantees are required in connection with: (i) all redemptions, regardless of the amount involved, when the proceeds are to be paid to someone other than the registered owner(s) and/or registered address; and (ii) share transfer requests. An “eligible guarantor institution” may include a bank, a trust company, a credit union or savings and loan association, a member firm of a domestic stock exchange, or a foreign branch of any of the foregoing. Notaries public are not acceptable guarantors. The signature guarantees must appear either: (i) on the written request for redemption; (ii) on a separate instrument for assignment (“stock power”) which should specify the total number of shares to be redeemed; or (iii) on all stock certificates tendered for redemption and, if shares held by the Fund are also being redeemed, on the letter or stock power. 

ACCOUNT POLICIES AND FEATURES 

Transfer of Shares 

Shareholders may transfer shares of a Fund to another person by making a written request to the Company. The request should clearly identify the account and number of shares to be transferred, and include the signature of all registered owners and all stock certificates, if any, which are subject to the transfer. It may not be possible to transfer shares purchased through a Financial Intermediary. The signature on the letter of request, the stock certificate or any stock power must be guaranteed in the same manner as described in the applicable Fund’s Prospectus. As in the case of redemptions, the written request must be received in good order before any transfer can be made. Transferring shares may affect the eligibility of an account for a given class of a Fund’s shares and may result in involuntary conversion or redemption of such shares. Under certain circumstances, the person who receives the transfer may be required to complete a New Account Application. 

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Valuation of Shares 

NAV is determined by dividing the total market value of each Fund’s investments and other assets, less the total market value of all liabilities, by the total number of outstanding shares of that Fund. The NAV for each class of shares offered by the Company may differ due to class-specific expenses paid by each class, including the shareholder servicing fees charged to Class A shares and Class C shares. 

In the calculation of a Fund’s NAV: (1) an equity portfolio security listed or traded on an exchange is valued at its latest reported sale price (or at the exchange official closing price if such exchange reports an official closing price), and if there were no sales on a given day and if there is no official exchange closing price for that day, the security is valued at the mean between the last reported bid and asked prices if such bid and asked prices are available on the relevant exchanges; and (2) all other equity portfolio securities for which OTC market quotations are readily available are valued at the latest reported sale price (or at the market official closing price if such market reports an official closing price), and if there was no trading in the security on a given day and if there is no official closing price from the relevant markets for that day, the security is valued at the mean between the last reported bid and asked prices if such bid and asked prices are available on the relevant markets. Listed securities not traded on the valuation date with no reported bid and asked prices available on the exchange are valued at the mean between the current bid and asked prices obtained from one or more reputable brokers or dealers. An unlisted equity security that does not trade on the valuation date and for which bid and asked prices from the relevant markets are unavailable is valued at the mean between the current bid and asked prices obtained from one or more reputable brokers or dealers. In cases where a security is traded on more than one exchange, the security is valued on the exchange designated as the primary market. When market quotations are not readily available, including circumstances under which it is determined by the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers, as applicable, that the closing price, the last sale price or the mean between the last reported bid and asked prices are not reflective of a security’s market value, portfolio securities are valued at their fair value as determined in good faith under procedures established by and under the general supervision of the Company’s Board. For valuation purposes, quotations of foreign portfolio securities, other assets and liabilities and forward contracts stated in foreign currency are translated into U.S. dollar equivalents at the prevailing market rates prior to the close of the NYSE. 

Certain of a Fund’s securities may be valued using as an input evaluated prices provided by an outside pricing service approved by the Board. Prices obtained from these approved sources are monitored and reviewed by the Adviser’s Valuation Committee and if not deemed to represent fair value, may be overridden and valued using procedures adopted by the Board. The pricing service may utilize a matrix system or other model incorporating attributes such as security quality, maturity and coupon as the evaluation model parameters, and/or research evaluations by its staff, including review of broker-dealer market price quotations in determining what it believes is the fair valuation of the portfolio securities valued by such pricing service. Pricing services generally value securities assuming orderly transactions of an institutional round lot size, but a Fund may hold or transact in such securities in smaller, odd lot sizes. Odd lots often trade at lower prices than institutional round lots. 

Listed options are valued at the last reported sales price on the exchange on which they are listed (or at the exchange official closing price if such exchange reports an official closing price). If an official closing price or last reported sale price is unavailable, the listed option should be fair valued at the mean between its latest bid and ask prices. If an exchange closing price or bid and asked prices are not available from the exchange, then the quotes from one or more brokers or dealers may be used. Unlisted options and swaps are valued by an outside pricing service approved by the Board or quotes from a broker or dealer. Unlisted options and swaps cleared on a clearinghouse or exchange may be valued using the closing price provided by the clearinghouse or exchange. Futures are valued at the settlement price on the exchange on which they trade or, if a settlement price is unavailable, then at the last sale price on the exchange. 

If the Adviser determines that the valuation received from the outside pricing service or broker or dealer is not reflective of the security’s market value, such security is valued at its fair value as determined in good faith under procedures established by and under the general supervision of the Board. 

Generally, trading in foreign securities, as well as corporate bonds, U.S. government securities and money market instruments, is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of the Fund is determined as of such times. Foreign currency exchange rates are also generally determined prior to the close of the NYSE. Occasionally, events which may affect the values of such securities and such exchange rates may occur between the times at which they are determined and the close of the NYSE. If events that may affect the value of such securities occur during such period, then these securities may be valued at their fair value as determined in good faith under procedures established by and under the supervision of the Board. 

Although the legal rights of Class I, Class A, Class C and Class IS shares will be identical, the different expenses borne by each class will result in different NAVs and dividends for the class. Dividends will differ by approximately the amount of the class specific expenses (distribution, transfer agency and sub transfer agency fees). The NAV of Class A and Class C shares will generally be lower than the NAV of Class I and Class IS shares as a result of the shareholder services fees charged to Class A and the distribution and shareholder services fees charged to Class C shares and certain other class-specific expenses of Class A and Class C shares.

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MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY 

Directors and Officers 

The Board of the Company consists of 11 Directors. These same individuals also serve as directors or trustees for certain of the funds advised by the Adviser and Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP. None of the Directors have an affiliation or business connection with the Adviser or any of its affiliated persons or own any stock or other securities issued by the Adviser’s parent company, Morgan Stanley. These Directors are the “non-interested” or “Independent” Directors of the Company as defined under the 1940 Act. 

Board Structure and Oversight Function 

The Board’s leadership structure features an Independent Director serving as Chairperson and the Board Committees described below. The Chairperson participates in the preparation of the agenda for meetings of the Board and the preparation of information to be presented to the Board with respect to matters to be acted upon by the Board. The Chairperson also presides at all meetings of the Board and is involved in discussions regarding matters pertaining to the oversight of the management of the Company between meetings. 

The Board of Directors operates using a system of committees to facilitate the timely and efficient consideration of all matters of importance to the Directors, the Company and Company stockholders, and to facilitate compliance with legal and regulatory requirements and oversight of the Company’s activities and associated risks. The Board of Directors has established five standing committees: (1) Audit Committee, (2) Governance Committee, (3) Compliance and Insurance Committee, (4) Investment Committee and (5) Closed-End Fund Committee, which are each comprised exclusively of Independent Directors. Each committee charter governs the scope of the committee’s responsibilities with respect to the oversight of the Company. The responsibilities of each committee, including their oversight responsibilities, are described further under the caption “Independent Directors and the Committees.” 

The Funds are subject to a number of risks, including investment, compliance, operational and valuation risk, among others. The Board of Directors oversees these risks as part of its broader oversight of the Company’s affairs through various Board and committee activities. The Board has adopted, and periodically reviews, policies and procedures designed to address various risks to the Funds. In addition, appropriate personnel, including but not limited to the Company’s Chief Compliance Officer, members of the Company’s administration and accounting teams, representatives from the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm, the Company’s Treasurer, portfolio management personnel, risk management personnel and independent valuation and brokerage evaluation service providers, make regular reports regarding the Company’s activities and related risks to the Board of Directors and the committees, as appropriate. These reports include, among others, quarterly performance reports, quarterly risk reports and discussions with members of the risk teams relating to each asset class. The Board’s committee structure allows separate committees to focus on different aspects of risk and the potential impact of these risks on some or all of the funds in the complex and then report back to the full Board. In between regular meetings, Company officers also communicate with the Directors regarding material exceptions and items relevant to the Board’s risk oversight function. The Board recognizes that it is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect the Funds, and that it is not possible to develop processes and controls to eliminate all of the risks that may affect the Funds. Moreover, the Board recognizes that it may be necessary for the Funds to bear certain risks (such as investment risk) to achieve their respective investment objectives. 

As needed between meetings of the Board, the Board or a specific committee receives and reviews reports relating to the Company and engages in discussions with appropriate parties relating to the Company’s operations and related risks. 

Directors 

The Company seeks as Directors individuals of distinction and experience in business and finance, government service or academia. In determining that a particular Director was and continues to be qualified to serve as Director, the Board has considered a variety of criteria, none of which, in isolation, was controlling. Based on a review of the experience, qualifications, attributes or skills of each Director, including those enumerated in the table below, the Board has determined that each of the Directors is qualified to serve as a Director of the Company. In addition, the Board believes that, collectively, the Directors have balanced and diverse experience, qualifications, attributes and skills that allow the Board to operate effectively in governing the Company and protecting the interests of shareholders. Information about the Company’s Governance Committee and Board of Directors nomination process is provided below under the caption “Independent Directors and the Committees.” 

The Directors of the Company, their ages, addresses, positions held, length of time served, their principal business occupations during the past five years and other relevant professional experience, the number of portfolios in the Fund Complex (defined below) overseen by each Independent Director (as of December 31, 2017 unless otherwise indicated) and other directorships, if any, held by the Directors, are shown below. The Fund Complex includes all open-end and closed-end funds (including all of their portfolios) advised by the Adviser and any registered funds that have an adviser that is an affiliate of the Adviser (including, but not limited to, Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP) (the “Morgan Stanley AIP Funds”) (collectively, the “Morgan Stanley Funds”).

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Independent Directors: 

Name, Age and Address of Independent Director

Position(s) Held with Registrant

Length of Time Served*

Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years and Other Relevant Professional Experience 

Number of Funds
in Fund Complex Overseen by Independent Director

Other Directorships Held by Independent Director**

Frank L. Bowman (73)
c/o Perkins Coie LLP
Counsel to the Independent Directors
30 Rockefeller Plaza
New York, NY 10112

Director

Since August 2006 

President, Strategic Decisions, LLC (consulting) (since February 2009); Director or Trustee of various Morgan Stanley Funds (since August 2006); Chairperson of the Compliance and Insurance Committee (since October 2015); formerly, Chairperson of the Insurance Sub-Committee of the Compliance and Insurance Committee (2007-2015); served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Nuclear Energy Institute (policy organization) (February 2005-November 2008); retired as Admiral, U.S. Navy after serving over 38 years on active duty including 8 years as Director of the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program in the Department of the Navy and the U.S. Department of Energy (1996-2004); served as Chief of Naval Personnel (July 1994- September 1996) and on the Joint Staff as Director of Political Military Affairs (June 1992-July 1994); knighted as Honorary Knight Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire; awarded the Officier de l’Orde National du Mérite by the French Government; elected to the National Academy of Engineering (2009).

86 

Director of BP p.l.c.; Director of Naval and Nuclear Technologies LLP; Director Emeritus of the Armed Services YMCA of the USA; Director of the U.S. Naval Submarine League; Member of the National Security Advisory Council of the Center for U. S. Global Engagement and a member of the CNA Military Advisory Board; Trustee of Fairhaven United Methodist Church; and Director of other various non-profit organizations.

Kathleen A. Dennis (64)
c/o Perkins Coie LLP
Counsel to the Independent Directors
30 Rockefeller Plaza
New York, NY 10112

Director

Since August 2006 

President, Cedarwood Associates (mutual fund and investment management consulting) (since July 2006); Chairperson of the Liquidity and Alternatives Sub-Committee of the Investment Committee (since October 2006) and Director or Trustee of various Morgan Stanley Funds (since August 2006); formerly, Senior Managing Director of Victory Capital Management (1993-2006).

86 

Director of various non-profit organizations 

Nancy C. Everett (63)
c/o Perkins Coie LLP
Counsel to the Independent Directors
30 Rockefeller Plaza
New York, NY 10112

Director

Since January 2015 

Chief Executive Officer, Virginia Commonwealth University Investment Company (since November 2015); Owner, OBIR, LLC (institutional investment management consulting) (since June 2014); formerly, Managing Director, BlackRock, Inc. (February 2011-December 2013); and Chief Executive Officer, General Motors Asset Management (a/k/a Promark Global Advisors, Inc.) (June 2005-May 2010).

88 

Formerly, Member of Virginia Commonwealth University School of Business Foundation (2015-2016); Member of Virginia Commonwealth University Board of Visitors (2013-2015); Member of Committee on Directors for Emerging Markets Growth Fund, Inc. (2007-2010); Chairperson of Performance Equity Management, LLC (2006-2010); and Chairperson, GMAM Absolute Return Strategies Fund, LLC (2006- 2010).

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Independent Directors: 

Name, Age and Address of Independent Director

Position(s) Held with Registrant

Length of Time Served*

Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years and Other Relevant Professional Experience 

Number of Funds
in Fund Complex Overseen by Independent Director

Other Directorships Held by Independent Director**

Jakki L. Haussler (60)
c/o Perkins Coie LLP
Counsel to the Independent Directors
30 Rockefeller Plaza
New York, NY 10112

Director

Since January 2015 

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Opus Capital Group (since January 1996); formerly, Director, Capvest Venture Fund, LP (May 2000-December 2011); Partner, Adena Ventures, LP (July 1999-December 2010); Director, The Victory Funds (February 2005-July 2008).

88 

Director of Cincinnati Bell Inc. and Member, Audit Committee and Compensation Committee; Director of Northern Kentucky University Foundation and Member, Investment Committee; Member of Chase College of Law Transactional Law Practice Center Board of Advisors; Director of Best Transport; Director of Chase College of Law Board of Visitors; formerly, Member, University of Cincinnati Foundation Investment Committee; Member, Miami University Board of Visitors (2008- 2011); Trustee of Victory Funds (2005- 2008) and Chairman, Investment Committee (2007-2008) and Member, Service Provider Committee (2005-2008).

Dr. Manuel H. Johnson (69)
c/o Johnson Smick International, Inc.
220 I Street, NE Suite 200
Washington, D.C. 20002

Director

Since July 1991 

Senior Partner, Johnson Smick International, Inc. (consulting firm); Chairperson of the Investment Committee (since October 2006) and Director or Trustee of various Morgan Stanley Funds (since July 1991); Co- Chairman and a founder of the Group of Seven Council (G7C) (international economic commission); formerly, Chairperson of the Audit Committee (July 1991-September 2006), Vice Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Treasury.

86 

Director of NVR, Inc. (home construction). 

Joseph J. Kearns (75)
c/o Kearns & Associates LLC
46 E. Peninsula Center #385
Rolling Hills Estates, CA 90274-3712

Director

Since August 1994 

Senior Adviser, Kearns & Associates LLC (investment consulting); Chairperson of the Audit Committee (since October 2006) and Director or Trustee of various Morgan Stanley Funds (since August 1994); formerly, Deputy Chairperson of the Audit Committee (July 2003- September 2006) and Chairperson of the Audit Committee of various Morgan Stanley Funds (since August 1994); CFO of the J. Paul Getty Trust.

87 

Prior to August 2016, Director of Electro Rent Corporation (equipment leasing). Prior to December 31, 2013, Director of The Ford Family Foundation.

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Independent Directors: 

Name, Age and Address of Independent Director

Position(s) Held with Registrant

Length of Time Served*

Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years and Other Relevant Professional Experience 

Number of Funds
in Fund Complex Overseen by Independent Director

Other Directorships Held by Independent Director**

Michael F. Klein (59)
c/o Perkins Coie LLP
Counsel to the Independent Directors
30 Rockefeller Plaza
New York, NY 10112

Director

Since August 2006 

Managing Director, Aetos Capital, LLC (since March 2000); Co-President, Aetos Alternatives Management, LLC (since January 2004) and Co- Chief Executive Officer of Aetos Capital LLC (since August 2013); Chairperson of the Fixed Income Sub-Committee of the Investment Committee (since October 2006) and Director or Trustee of various Morgan Stanley Funds (since August 2006); formerly, Managing Director, Morgan Stanley & Co. Inc. and Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Investment Management, President, various Morgan Stanley Funds (June 1998-March 2000) and Principal, Morgan Stanley & Co. Inc. and Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Investment Management (August 1997-December 1999).

86 

Director of certain investment funds managed or sponsored by Aetos Capital, LLC; Director of Sanitized AG and Sanitized Marketing AG (specialty chemicals).

Patricia Maleski (58)
c/o Perkins Coie LLP
Counsel to the
Independent Directors
30 Rockefeller Plaza
New York, NY 10112

Director 

Since January 2017 

Managing Director, JPMorgan Asset Management (2004-2016); Oversight and Control Head of Fiduciary and Conflicts of Interest Program (2015-2016); Chief Control Officer - Global Asset Management (2013-2015); President, JPMorgan Funds (2010-2013); Chief Administrative Officer (2004-2013); various other positions including Treasurer and Board Liaison (since 2001).

88 

None 

Michael E. Nugent (82)
522 Fifth Avenue
New York, NY 10036

Chair of the Board and Director

Chair of the Boards since July 2006 and Director since July 1991 

Chair of the Boards of various Morgan Stanley Funds (since July 2006); Chairperson of the Closed-End Fund Committee (since June 2012) and Director or Trustee of various Morgan Stanley Funds (since July 1991); formerly, Chairperson of the Insurance Committee (until July 2006); General Partner, Triumph Capital, L.P. (private investment partnership) (1988-2013).

86 

None 

W. Allen Reed (71)
c/o Perkins Coie LLP
Counsel to the Independent Directors
30 Rockefeller Plaza
New York, NY 10112

Director

Since August 2006 

Chairperson of the Equity Sub-Committee of the Investment Committee (since October 2006) and Director or Trustee of various Morgan Stanley Funds (since August 2006); formerly, President and CEO of General Motors Asset Management; Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the GM Trust Bank and Corporate Vice President of General Motors Corporation (August 1994-December 2005).

87 

Director of Legg Mason, Inc.; formerly, Director of the Auburn University Foundation (2010-2015).

Fergus Reid (85)
c/o Joe Pietryka, Inc.
85 Charles Colman Blvd.
Pawling, NY 12564

Director

Since June 1992 

Chairman, Joe Pietryka, Inc.; Chairperson of the Governance Committee and Director or Trustee of various Morgan Stanley Funds (since June 1992).

87 

Formerly, Trustee and Director of certain investment companies in the JP Morgan Fund complex managed by J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. (1987- 2012).

* This is the earliest date the Director began serving the Morgan Stanley Funds. Each Director serves an indefinite term, until his or her successor is elected.
** This includes any directorships at public companies and registered investment companies held by the Director at any time during the past five years.

The executive officers of the Company, their ages, addresses, positions held, length of time served and their principal business occupations during the past five years are shown below.

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Executive Officers: 

Name, Age and Address of Executive Officer 

Position(s) Held with Registrant

Length of Time Served*

Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years

John H. Gernon (54)
522 Fifth Avenue
New York, NY 10036

President and Principal Executive Officer

Since September 2013 

President and Principal Executive Officer of the Equity and Fixed Income Funds and the Morgan Stanley AIP Funds (since September 2013) and the Liquidity Funds and various money market funds (since May 2014) in the Fund Complex; Managing Director of the Adviser; Head of Product (since 2006).

Timothy J. Knierim (59)
522 Fifth Avenue
New York, NY 10036

Chief Compliance Officer

Since December 2016 

Managing Director of the Adviser and various entities affiliated with the Adviser; Chief Compliance Officer of various Morgan Stanley Funds and the Adviser (since December 2016) and Chief Compliance Officer of Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP (since 2014). Formerly, Managing Director and Deputy Chief Compliance Officer of the Adviser (2014-2016); and formerly, Chief Compliance Officer of Prudential Investment Management, Inc. (2007-2014). 

Francis J. Smith (52)
522 Fifth Avenue
New York, NY 10036

Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer

Treasurer since July 2003 and Principal Financial Officer since September 2002

Managing Director of the Adviser and various entities affiliated with the Adviser; Treasurer (since July 2003) and Principal Financial Officer of various Morgan Stanley Funds (since September 2002).

Mary E. Mullin (51)
522 Fifth Avenue
New York, NY 10036

Secretary

Since June 1999 

Managing Director of the Adviser; Secretary of various Morgan Stanley Funds (since June 1999). 

Michael J. Key (39)
522 Fifth Avenue
New York, NY 10036

Vice President 

Since June 2017 

Vice President of the Equity and Fixed Income Funds, Liquidity Funds, various money market funds and the Morgan Stanley AIP Funds in the Fund Complex (since June 2017); Executive Director of the Adviser; Head of Product Development for Equity and Fixed Income Funds (since August 2013). 

* This is the earliest date the Officer began serving the Morgan Stanley Funds. Each officer serves an indefinite term, until his or her successor is elected.

In addition, the following individuals who are officers of the Adviser or its affiliates serve as assistant secretaries of the Company: Daniel E. Burton, Princess Kludjeson, Kristina Magolis, Francesca Mead and Jill R. Whitelaw. 

It is a policy of the Company’s Board that each Director shall invest at least $250,000 ($100,000 prior to January 1, 2015) in any combination of the Morgan Stanley Funds that the Director determines meets his or her own specific investment objectives, without requiring any specific investment in any particular Fund. Newly elected or appointed Directors have three years to comply with this policy.

For each Director, the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by the Director in the Funds and in the Family of Investment Companies (Family of Investment Companies includes all of the registered investment companies advised by the Adviser and Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP) for the calendar year ended December 31, 2017 is set forth in the table below.

Name of Director 

Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Funds (as of December 31, 2017) 

Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Director in Family of Investment Companies (as of December 31, 2017) 

Independent:

Frank L. Bowman 

None

over $100,000 

Kathleen A. Dennis 

None

over $100,000 

Nancy C. Everett 

None 

over $100,000 

Jakki L. Haussler 

None

over $100,000 

Manuel H. Johnson 

None 

over $100,000 

Joseph J. Kearns1

None

over $100,000 

Michael F. Klein1

None

over $100,000 

Patricia Maleski

None 

$50,001-$100,000 

Michael E. Nugent 

None

over $100,000 

W. Allen Reed1

None

over $100,000 

Fergus Reid1

None

over $100,000 

1 Includes the total amount of compensation deferred by the Director at his election pursuant to a deferred compensation plan. Such deferred compensation is

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placed in a deferral account and deemed to be invested in one or more of the Morgan Stanley Funds (or portfolio thereof) that are offered as investment options under the plan.

As to each Independent Director and his or her immediate family members, no person owned beneficially or of record securities of an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Company, or a person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Company. 

As of May 1, 2018, the Directors and officers of the Company, as a group, owned less than 1% of any Class of the outstanding common stock of each Fund.

Independent Directors and the Committees 

Law and regulation establish both general guidelines and specific duties for the Independent Directors. The Board has five committees: (1) Audit Committee, (2) Governance Committee, (3) Compliance and Insurance Committee, (4) Investment Committee and (5) Closed-End Fund Committee. 

The Independent Directors are charged with recommending to the full Board approval of management, advisory and administration contracts, Rule 12b-1 plans and distribution and underwriting agreements; continually reviewing fund performance; checking on the pricing of portfolio securities, brokerage commissions, transfer agent costs and performance and trading among funds in the same complex; and approving fidelity bond and related insurance coverage and allocations, as well as other matters that arise from time to time. The Independent Directors are required to select and nominate individuals to fill any Independent Director vacancy on the board of any fund that has a Rule 12b-1 plan of distribution. 

The Board of Directors has a separately-designated standing Audit Committee established in accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”). The Audit Committee is charged with recommending to the full Board the engagement or discharge of the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm; directing investigations into matters within the scope of the independent registered public accounting firm’s duties, including the power to retain outside specialists; reviewing with the independent registered public accounting firm the audit plan and results of the auditing engagement; approving professional services provided by the independent registered public accounting firm and other accounting firms prior to the performance of the services; reviewing the independence of the independent registered public accounting firm; considering the range of audit and non-audit fees; reviewing the adequacy of the Company’s system of internal controls; and reviewing the valuation process. The Company has adopted a formal, written Audit Committee Charter. 

The members of the Audit Committee of the Company are Jakki L. Haussler, Joseph J. Kearns, Michael F. Klein, Patricia Maleski and W. Allen Reed. None of the members of the Company’s Audit Committee is an “interested person,” as defined under the 1940 Act, of the Company (with such disinterested Directors being “Independent Directors” or individually, an “Independent Director”). Each Independent Director is also “independent” from the Company under the listing standards of the NYSE. The Chairperson of the Audit Committee of the Company is Joseph J. Kearns. 

The Board of Directors of the Company also has a Governance Committee. The Governance Committee identifies individuals qualified to serve as Independent Directors on the Company’s Board and on committees of such Board and recommends such qualified individuals for nomination by the Company’s Independent Directors as candidates for election as Independent Directors, advises the Company’s Board with respect to Board composition, procedures and committees, develops and recommends to the Company’s Board a set of corporate governance principles applicable to the Company, monitors and makes recommendations on corporate governance matters and policies and procedures of the Company’s Board of Directors and any Board committees and oversees periodic evaluations of the Company’s Board and its committees. The members of the Governance Committee of the Company are Kathleen A. Dennis, Michael E. Nugent and Fergus Reid, each of whom is an Independent Director. In addition, Michael E. Nugent (as Chair of the Morgan Stanley Funds) periodically may attend other operating committee meetings. The Chairperson of the Governance Committee is Fergus Reid. 

The Company does not have a separate nominating committee. While the Company’s Governance Committee recommends qualified candidates for nominations as Independent Directors, the Board of Directors of the Company believes that the task of nominating prospective Independent Directors is important enough to require the participation of all current Independent Directors, rather than a separate committee consisting of only certain Independent Directors. Accordingly, all the Independent Directors participate in the selection and nomination of candidates for election as Independent Directors for the Company. Persons recommended by the Company’s Governance Committee as candidates for nomination as Independent Directors shall possess such experience, qualifications, attributes, skills and diversity so as to enhance the Board’s ability to manage and direct the affairs and business of the Company, including, when applicable, to enhance the ability of committees of the Board to fulfill their duties and/or to satisfy any independence requirements imposed by law, regulation or any listing requirements of the NYSE. While the Independent Directors of the Company expect to be able to continue to identify from their own resources an ample number of qualified candidates for the Company’s Board as they deem appropriate, they will consider nominations from shareholders to the Board. Nominations from shareholders should be in writing and sent to the Independent Directors as described below under the caption “Shareholder Communications.” 

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The Board formed the Compliance and Insurance Committee to address insurance coverage and oversee the compliance function for the Company and the Board. The Compliance and Insurance Committee consists of Frank L. Bowman, Nancy C. Everett and Manuel H. Johnson, each of whom is an Independent Director. The Chairperson of the Compliance and Insurance Committee is Frank L. Bowman. 

The Investment Committee oversees the portfolio investment process for and reviews the performance of the Company. The Investment Committee also recommends to the Board to approve or renew the Company’s Investment Advisory, Sub-Advisory and Administration Agreements. Each Independent Director is a member of the Investment Committee. The Chairperson of the Investment Committee is Manuel H. Johnson. 

The Investment Committee has three Sub-Committees, each with its own Chairperson. Each Sub-Committee focuses on the funds’ primary areas of investment, namely equities, fixed income and alternatives. Within the Fund Complex, the Sub-Committees and their members are as follows: 

(1)  Equity—W. Allen Reed (Chairperson), Frank L. Bowman, Nancy C. Everett and Michael E. Nugent. 

(2)  Fixed Income—Michael F. Klein (Chairperson) and Fergus Reid. 

(3)  Liquidity and Alternatives—Kathleen A. Dennis (Chairperson), Jakki L. Haussler, Joseph J. Kearns and Patricia Maleski. 

In addition, Manuel H. Johnson (as Chairperson of the Investment Committee) periodically attends Sub-Committee meetings, filling in where necessary. 

The Board formed the Closed-End Fund Committee to consider a range of issues unique to closed-end funds. The Closed-End Fund Committee consists of Michael E. Nugent, W. Allen Reed and Fergus Reid, each of whom is an Independent Director. The Chairperson of the Closed-End Fund Committee is Michael E. Nugent. 

During the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, the Board of Directors held the following meetings:

Board of Directors/Committee/Sub-Committee 

Number of Meetings 

Board of Directors 

7 

Audit Committee 

4 

Governance Committee 

4 

Compliance and Insurance Committee 

4 

Investment Committee 

5 

Equity Sub-Committee

5 

Fixed Income Sub-Committee

5 

Liquidity and Alternatives Sub-Committee

6 

Closed-End Fund Committee 

4 

Experience, Qualifications and Attributes. The Board has concluded, based on each Director’s experience, qualifications and attributes that each Board member should serve as a Director. Following is a brief summary of the information that led to and/or supports this conclusion. 

Mr. Bowman has experience in a variety of business and financial matters through his prior service as a Director or Trustee for various other funds in the Fund Complex, where he serves as Chairperson of the Compliance and Insurance Committee (and formerly served as Chairperson of the Insurance Sub-Committee of the Compliance and Insurance Committee) and as a Director of BP p.l.c. and Naval and Nuclear Technologies LLP. Mr. Bowman also serves as a Director Emeritus for the Armed Services YMCA and Director of the U.S. Naval Submarine League. Mr. Bowman serves as a Trustee of the Fairhaven United Methodist Church. Mr. Bowman is also a member of the National Security Advisory Council of the Center for U.S. Global Engagement and a member of the CNA Military Advisory Board. Mr. Bowman retired as an Admiral in the U.S. Navy after serving over 38 years on active duty including eight years as Director of the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program in the Department of the Navy and the U.S. Department of Energy (1996-2004). Additionally, Mr. Bowman served as the U.S. Navy’s Chief of Naval Personnel (1994-1996) where he was responsible for the planning and programming of all manpower, personnel, training and education resources for the U.S. Navy and on the Joint Staff as Director of Political Military Affairs (1992-1994). In addition, Mr. Bowman served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Nuclear Energy Institute. Mr. Bowman has received such distinctions as a knighthood as Honorary Knight Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire and the Officier de l’Orde National du Mérite from the French Government and was elected to the National Academy of Engineering (2009). He is President of the consulting firm Strategic Decisions, LLC. 

Ms. Dennis has over 25 years of business experience in the financial services industry and related fields including serving as a Director or Trustee of various other funds in the Fund Complex, where she serves as Chairperson of the Liquidity and Alternatives Sub-Committee of the Investment Committee. Ms. Dennis possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which

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investment companies must operate based on her years of service to this Board and her position as Senior Managing Director of Victory Capital Management. 

Ms. Everett has over 35 years of experience in the financial services industry, including roles with both registered investment companies and registered investment advisers. By serving on the boards of other registered funds, such as GMAM Absolute Return Strategies Fund, LLC and Emerging Markets Growth Fund, Inc., Ms. Everett has acquired significant experience with financial, accounting, investment and regulatory matters. Ms. Everett is also a Chartered Financial Analyst. 

With more than 30 years of experience in the financial services industry, including her years of entrepreneurial and managerial experience in the development and growth of Opus Capital Group, Ms. Haussler brings a valuable perspective to the Company’s Board. Through her role at Opus Capital and her service as a director of several venture capital funds and other boards, Ms. Haussler has gained valuable experience dealing with accounting principles and evaluating financial results of large corporations. She is a certified public accountant (inactive) and a licensed attorney in the State of Ohio (inactive). 

In addition to his tenure as a Director or Trustee of various other funds in the Fund Complex, where he formerly served as Chairperson of the Audit Committee, Dr. Johnson has also served as an officer or a board member of numerous companies for over 20 years. These positions included Co-Chairman and a founder of the Group of Seven Council, Director of NVR, Inc., Director of Evergreen Energy and Director of Greenwich Capital Holdings. He also has served as Vice Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Treasury. In addition, Dr. Johnson also served as Chairman of the Financial Accounting Foundation, which oversees the Financial Accounting Standards Board, for seven years. 

Mr. Kearns gained extensive experience regarding accounting through his experience on the Audit Committees of the boards of other funds in the Fund Complex, including serving as either Chairperson or Deputy Chairperson of the Audit Committee for nearly 20 years, and through his position as Chief Financial Officer of the J. Paul Getty Trust. He also has experience in financial, accounting, investment and regulatory matters through his position as President and founder of Kearns & Associates LLC, a financial consulting company. Mr. Kearns previously served as a Director of Electro Rent Corporation and previously served as Director of The Ford Family Foundation. The Board has determined that Mr. Kearns is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the SEC. 

Through his prior positions as a Managing Director of Morgan Stanley & Co. Inc. and Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Investment Management and as President and a Trustee of the Morgan Stanley Institutional Funds, Mr. Klein has experience in the management and operation of registered investment companies, enabling him to provide management input and investment guidance to the Board. Mr. Klein also has extensive experience in the investment management industry based on his current positions as Managing Director and Co-Chief Executive Officer of Aetos Capital, LLC, Co-President of Aetos Alternatives Management, LLC and as a Director of certain investment funds managed or sponsored by Aetos Capital, LLC. In addition, he also has experience as a member of the board of other funds in the Fund Complex. 

Ms. Maleski has over 30 years of experience in the financial services industry and extensive experience with registered investment companies. Ms. Maleski began her career as a certified public accountant at Price Waterhouse LLP (“PW”) and was a member of PW’s Investment Company Practice. After a brief stint at the Bank of New York, Ms. Maleski began her affiliation with the JPMorgan Funds, at the Pierpont Group and then with J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. From 2001-2013, Ms. Maleski held roles with increasing responsibilities, from Vice President and Board Liaison, Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer, Chief Administrative Officer and finally President and Principal Executive Officer for the JPMorgan Fund complex. Between 2013 and 2016, Ms. Maleski served as Global Head of Oversight and Control of JPMorgan Asset Management and then as Head of JPMorgan Chase’s Fiduciary and Conflicts of Interest Program. Ms. Maleski has extensive experience in the management and operation of funds in addition to regulatory and accounting and valuation matters. 

Mr. Nugent has extensive experience with financial, accounting, investment and regulatory matters through his over 20 years of service on the boards of various funds in the Fund Complex, including time as the Chairperson of the Insurance Committee, Chairperson of the Closed-End Fund Committee and Chair of the Morgan Stanley Funds. Mr. Nugent also has experience as a former General Partner in Triumph Capital, L.P. 

Mr. Reed has experience on investment company boards and is experienced with financial, accounting, investment and regulatory matters through his prior service as a Director of iShares, Inc. and his service as Trustee or Director of other funds in the Fund Complex. Mr. Reed also gained substantial experience in the financial services industry through his position as a Director of Legg Mason, Inc. and prior position as President and CEO of General Motors Asset Management. 

Mr. Reid has served on a number of mutual fund boards, including as a Trustee or Director of certain investment companies in the JPMorgan Fund complex and as a Trustee or Director of other funds in the Fund Complex. Therefore, Mr. Reid is experienced with financial, accounting, investment and regulatory matters, enabling him to provide management input and investment guidance to the Board. 

The Directors’ principal occupations and other relevant professional experience during the past five years or more are shown in the above tables.

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Advantages of Having the Same Individuals as Directors for the Morgan Stanley Funds 

The Independent Directors and the Company’s management believe that having the same Independent Directors for each of the Morgan Stanley Funds avoids the duplication of effort that would arise from having different groups of individuals serving as Independent Directors for each of the funds or even of sub-groups of funds. They believe that having the same individuals serve as Independent Directors of all the Morgan Stanley Funds tends to increase their knowledge and expertise regarding matters which affect the Fund Complex generally and enhances their ability to negotiate on behalf of each fund with the fund’s service providers. This arrangement also precludes the possibility of separate groups of Independent Directors arriving at conflicting decisions regarding operations and management of the funds and avoids the cost and confusion that would likely ensue. Finally, having the same Independent Directors serve on all fund boards enhances the ability of each fund to obtain, at modest cost to each separate fund, the services of Independent Directors of the caliber, experience and business acumen of the individuals who serve as Independent Directors of the Morgan Stanley Funds. 

Shareholder Communications 

Shareholders may send communications to the Company’s Board of Directors. Shareholders should send communications intended for the Company’s Board by addressing the communications directly to the Board (or individual Board members) and/or otherwise clearly indicating in the salutation that the communication is for the Board (or individual Board members) and by sending the communication to either the Company’s office or directly to such Board member(s) at the address specified for each Director previously noted. Other shareholder communications received by the Company not directly addressed and sent to the Board will be reviewed and generally responded to by management, and will be forwarded to the Board only at management’s discretion based on the matters contained therein. 

Compensation 

Effective January 1, 2018, each Director (except for the Chair of the Boards) receives an annual retainer fee of $270,000 ($260,000 prior to January 1, 2018) for serving as a Director of the Morgan Stanley Funds. 

The Audit Committee Chairperson receives an additional annual retainer fee of $80,000, the Governance Committee Chairperson receives an additional annual retainer fee of $35,000, the Investment Committee Chairperson receives an additional annual retainer fee of $50,000 and the Compliance and Insurance Committee Chairperson receives an additional annual retainer fee of $60,000. Each Sub-Committee Chairperson receives an additional annual retainer fee of $40,000. The aggregate compensation paid to each Director is paid by the Morgan Stanley Funds, and is allocated on a pro rata basis among each of the operational funds of the Morgan Stanley Funds based on the relative net assets of each of the funds. Michael E. Nugent receives a total annual retainer fee of $540,000 ($520,000 prior to January 1, 2018) for his services as Chair of the Boards of the Morgan Stanley Funds and for administrative services provided to each Board. 

The Company also reimburses such Directors for travel and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred by them in connection with attending such meetings. Directors of the Company who are employed by the Adviser receive no compensation or expense reimbursement from the Company for their services as a Director. 

Effective April 1, 2004, the Company began a Deferred Compensation Plan (the “DC Plan”), which allows each Director to defer payment of all, or a portion, of the fees he or she receives for serving on the Board of Directors throughout the year. Each eligible Director generally may elect to have the deferred amounts credited with a return equal to the total return on one or more of the Morgan Stanley Funds (or portfolios thereof) that are offered as investment options under the DC Plan. At the Director’s election, distributions are either in one lump sum payment, or in the form of equal annual installments over a period of five years. The rights of an eligible Director and the beneficiaries to the amounts held under the DC Plan are unsecured and such amounts are subject to the claims of the creditors of the Company. 

Prior to April 1, 2004, the Company maintained a similar Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Prior DC Plan”), which also allowed each Independent Director to defer payment of all, or a portion, of the fees he or she received for serving on the Board of Directors throughout the year. Generally, the DC Plan amends and supersedes the Prior DC Plan and all amounts payable under the Prior DC Plan are now subject to the terms of the DC Plan (except for amounts paid during the calendar year 2004, which remain subject to the terms of the Prior DC Plan). 

The following table shows aggregate compensation payable to each of the Company’s Directors from the Funds for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 and the aggregate compensation payable to each of the Company’s Directors by the Fund Complex (which includes all of the Morgan Stanley Funds) for the calendar year ended December 31, 2017.

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Compensation1

Name 

Aggregate Compensation From the Funds

Total Compensation From Fund and Fund Complex Paid to the Directors2

Frank L. Bowman 

None 

$320,000 

Kathleen A. Dennis 

None 

$300,000 

Nancy C. Everett 

None 

$260,000 

Jakki L. Haussler 

None 

$260,000 

Manuel H. Johnson 

None 

$310,000 

Joseph J. Kearns2

None 

$372,250 

Michael F. Klein2

None 

$300,000 

Patricia Maleski

None 

$260,000 

Michael E. Nugent 

None 

$520,000 

W. Allen Reed2

None 

$300,000 

Fergus Reid2

None 

$323,500 

1 Includes all amounts paid for serving as director/trustee of funds in the Fund Complex, as well as serving as Chair of the Boards or a Chairperson of a Committee or Sub-Committee.
2 The amounts shown in this column represent the aggregate compensation paid by all of the funds in the Fund Complex as of December 31, 2017 before deferral by the Directors under the DC Plan. As of December 31, 2017, the value (including interest) of the deferral accounts across the Fund Complex for Messrs. Kearns, Klein, Reed and Reid pursuant to the deferred compensation plan was $631,794, $1,237,064, $2,553,212 and $1,135,431, respectively. Because the funds in the Fund Complex have different fiscal year ends, the amounts shown in this column are presented on a calendar year basis.

Prior to December 31, 2003, 49 of the Morgan Stanley Funds (the “Adopting Funds”) had adopted a retirement program under which an Independent Director who retired after serving for at least five years as an Independent Director of any such fund (an “Eligible Director”) would have been entitled to retirement payments, based on factors such as length of service, upon reaching the eligible retirement age. On December 31, 2003, the amount of accrued retirement benefits for each Eligible Director was frozen, and will be payable, together with a return of 8% per annum, at or following each such Eligible Director’s retirement as shown in the table below. 

The following table illustrates the retirement benefits accrued to the Company’s Independent Directors by the Adopting Funds for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, and the estimated retirement benefits for the Independent Directors from the Adopting Funds for each calendar year following retirement. Only the Directors noted below participated in the retirement program.

 

Retirement Benefits Accrued as Fund Expenses 

Estimated Annual Benefits Upon Retirement1

Name of Independent Director: 

By all Adopting Funds

From all Adopting Funds

Manuel H. Johnson 

$39,763 

$57,237 

Michael E. Nugent2

(21,501) 

$51,193 

1 Total compensation accrued under the retirement plan, together with a return of 8% per annum, will be paid annually commencing upon retirement and continuing for the remainder of the Director’s life.
2 Mr. Nugent’s retirement expenses are negative due to the fact that his retirement date has been extended and therefore his expenses had been overaccrued.

Code of Ethics 

Pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act, the Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Ethics for the Company and approved a Code of Ethics adopted by the Adviser, each Sub-Adviser and the Distributor (collectively the “Codes”). The Codes are intended to ensure that the interests of shareholders and other clients are placed ahead of any personal interest, that no undue personal benefit is obtained from the person’s employment activities and that actual and potential conflicts of interest are avoided. 

The Codes are designed to detect and prevent improper personal trading. The Codes permit personnel subject to the Codes to invest in securities, including securities that may be purchased, sold or held by the Company, subject to a number of restrictions and controls, including prohibitions against purchases of securities in an initial public offering and a pre-clearance requirement with respect to personal securities transactions. 

INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES 

Adviser 

The Adviser is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley (NYSE: “MS”), a preeminent global financial services firm engaged in securities trading and brokerage activities, as well as providing investment banking, research and analysis, financing and financial advisory services. The principal offices of Morgan Stanley are located at 1585 Broadway, New York, NY 10036, and the principal

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offices of the Adviser are located at 522 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10036. As of March 31, 2018, the Adviser, together with its affiliated asset management companies, had approximately $469.1 billion in assets under management or supervision. 

The Adviser provides investment advice and portfolio management services pursuant to an Investment Advisory Agreement and, subject to the supervision of the Company’s Board of Directors, makes or oversees each of the Fund’s day-to-day investment decisions, arranges for the execution of portfolio transactions and generally manages each of the Fund’s investments. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Adviser is entitled to receive from each class of shares of each Fund an annual management fee, payable quarterly, equal to the percentage of average daily net assets set forth in the below table reflecting the contractual advisory fee and the maximum expense ratios for each Fund. The Adviser has agreed to a reduction in the fees payable to it and to reimburse the Funds, if necessary, if such fees would cause the total annual operating expenses of each such Fund to exceed the percentage of average daily net assets set forth in the below table reflecting the contractual advisory fee and the maximum expense ratios for each Fund. In determining the actual amount of fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement for a Fund, if any, the Adviser excludes from total annual operating expenses acquired fund fees and expenses (as applicable), certain investment related expenses, taxes, interest and other extraordinary expenses (including litigation). The fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements for a Fund will continue for at least one year or until such time as the Company’s Board of Directors acts to discontinue all or a portion of such waivers and/or reimbursements when it deems such action is appropriate.

The following table reflects the contractual advisory fee and the maximum expense ratios for each Fund. 

Fund 

Contractual Rate of Advisory Fees 

Expense Cap
Class I

Expense Cap
Class A

Expense Cap
Class C

Expense Cap
Class IS

Global Concentrated Real Estate 

0.75% of the portion of the daily net assets not exceeding $2 billion; and 0.70% of the portion of the daily net assets exceeding $2 billion.

0.95% 

1.30% 

2.05% 

0.90% 

Real Assets 

0.60% of the portion of the daily net assets not exceeding $1 billion; and 0.55% of the portion of the daily net assets exceeding $1 billion. 

0.80% 

1.15% 

1.90% 

0.75% 

Sub-Advisers 

The Adviser has entered into Sub-Advisory Agreements with Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited, located at 25 Cabot Square, Canary Wharf, London, E14 4QA, England and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Company, located at 23 Church Street, 16-01 Capital Square, Singapore 049481 with respect to the Funds. The Sub-Advisers are wholly owned subsidiaries of Morgan Stanley. The Sub-Advisers provide the relevant Funds with investment advisory services subject to the overall supervision of the Adviser and the Company’s Directors. The Adviser pays the Sub-Advisers on a monthly basis a portion of the net advisory fees the Adviser receives from the relevant Funds.

Proxy Voting Policy and Proxy Voting Record 

The Board of Directors believes that the voting of proxies on securities held by the Company is an important element of the overall investment process. As such, the Directors have delegated the responsibility to vote such proxies to MSIM. 

A copy of MSIM’s Proxy Voting Policy (“Proxy Policy”) is attached hereto as Appendix A. In addition, a copy of the Proxy Policy, as well as the Company’s most recent proxy voting record for the 12-month period ended June 30, as filed with the SEC, are available without charge on our web site at www.morganstanley.com/im. The Company’s proxy voting record is also available without charge on the SEC’s web site at http://www.sec.gov.

Principal Underwriter 

Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc. (the “Distributor”), an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley with principal offices at 522 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10036, acts as the exclusive principal underwriter with respect to the continuous offering of the Fund’s shares pursuant to the Distribution Agreement. The Distribution Agreement continues in effect so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually in conformity with the requirements of the 1940 Act. The Distribution Agreement provides that the Company will bear the costs of the registration of its shares with the SEC and various states and the printing of its prospectuses, statements of additional information and reports to shareholders. 

Fund Administration 

The Adviser also provides administrative services to the Company pursuant to an Administration Agreement. The services provided under the Administration Agreement are subject to the supervision of the officers and the Board of Directors of the Company and include day-to-day administration of matters related to the corporate existence of the Company, maintenance of records, preparation of reports, supervision of the Company’s arrangements with its custodian, and assistance in the preparation of the Company’s registration statement under federal laws. For its services under the Administration Agreement, the Company pays the Adviser a

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monthly fee which on an annual basis equals 0.08% of the average daily net assets of each Fund. The Adviser may compensate other service providers for performing shareholder servicing and administrative services.

Sub-Administrator. Under an agreement between the Administrator and State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”), State Street provides certain administrative services to the Company. For such services, the Administrator pays State Street a portion of the administrative fee the Administrator receives from the Company. The Administrator supervises and monitors the administrative and accounting services provided by State Street. Their services are also subject to the supervision of the officers and Board of Directors of the Company. 

Custodian 

State Street, located at One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111-2101, acts as the Company’s custodian. State Street is not an affiliate of the Adviser or the Distributor. In maintaining custody of foreign assets held outside the United States, State Street has contracted with various foreign banks and depositaries in accordance with regulations of the SEC for the purpose of providing custodial services for such assets. 

In the selection of foreign sub-custodians, the Directors or their delegates consider a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the reliability and financial stability of the institution, the ability of the institution to provide efficiently the custodial services required for the Company, and the reputation of the institution in the particular country or region. 

Dividend Disbursing and Transfer Agent 

DST Asset Manager Solutions, Inc., 2000 Crown Colony Drive, Quincy, MA 02169-0953, provides dividend disbursing and transfer agency services for the Company.

Portfolio Managers 

Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers 

Because the portfolio managers may manage assets for other investment companies, pooled investment vehicles and/or other accounts (including institutional clients, pension plans and certain high net worth individuals), there may be an incentive to favor one client over another resulting in conflicts of interest. For instance, the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers may receive fees from certain accounts that are higher than the fee they receive from the Company, or they may receive a performance-based fee on certain accounts. In those instances, the portfolio managers may have an incentive to favor the higher and/or performance-based fee accounts over the Company. In addition, a conflict of interest could exist to the extent the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers have proprietary investments in certain accounts, where portfolio managers have personal investments in certain accounts or when certain accounts are investment options in the Adviser’s and/or Sub-Advisers’ employee benefits and/or deferred compensation plans. The portfolio manager may have an incentive to favor these accounts over others. If the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers manage accounts that engage in short sales of securities of the type in which the Company invests, the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers could be seen as harming the performance of the Company for the benefit of the accounts engaging in short sales if the short sales cause the market value of the securities to fall. The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers have adopted trade allocation and other policies and procedures that they believe are reasonably designed to address these and other conflicts of interest. 

Portfolio Manager Compensation Structure 

Morgan Stanley’s compensation structure is based on a total reward system of base salary and incentive compensation, which is paid either in the form of cash bonus, or for employees meeting the specified deferred compensation eligibility threshold, partially as a cash bonus and partially as mandatory deferred compensation. Deferred compensation granted to MSIM employees are generally granted as a mix of deferred cash awards under the Investment Management Alignment Plan (“IMAP”) and equity-based awards in the form of stock units. The portion of incentive compensation granted in the form of a deferred compensation award and the terms of such awards are determined annually by the Compensation, Management Development and Succession Committee of the Morgan Stanley Board of Directors. 

Base salary compensation. Generally, portfolio managers receive base salary compensation based on the level of their position with the Adviser. 

Incentive compensation. In addition to base compensation, portfolio managers may receive discretionary year-end compensation. 

Incentive compensation may include:

 

Cash Bonus

 

Deferred Compensation:

 

  A mandatory program that defers a portion of incentive compensation into restricted stock units or other awards based on Morgan Stanley common stock or other plans that are subject to vesting and other conditions.

 

  IMAP is a cash-based deferred compensation plan designed to increase the alignment of participants’ interests with the interests of the Advisor’s clients. For eligible employees, a portion of their deferred compensation is mandatorily deferred into IMAP on
 

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  an annual basis. Awards granted under IMAP are notionally invested in referenced funds available pursuant to the plan, which are funds advised by MSIM. Portfolio managers are required to notionally invest a minimum of 25% of their account balance in the designated funds that they manage and are included in the IMAP notional investment fund menu.

 

  Deferred compensation awards are typically subject to vesting over a multi-year period and are subject to cancellation through the payment date for competition, cause (i.e., any act or omission that constitutes a breach of obligation to the Company, including failure to comply with internal compliance, ethics or risk management standards, and failure or refusal to perform duties satisfactorily, including supervisory and management duties), disclosure of proprietary information, and solicitation of employees or clients. Awards are also subject to clawback through the payment date if an employee’s act or omission (including with respect to direct supervisory responsibilities) causes a restatement of the Firm’s consolidated financial results, constitutes a violation of the Firm’s global risk management principles, policies and standards, or causes a loss of revenue associated with a position on which the employee was paid and the employee operated outside of internal control policies.
 

MSIM compensates employees based on principles of pay-for-performance, market competitiveness and risk management. Eligibility for, and the amount of any, discretionary compensation is subject to a multi-dimensional process. Specifically, consideration is given to one or more of the following factors, which can vary by portfolio management team and circumstances:

 

Revenue and profitability of the business and/or each fund/accounts managed by the portfolio manager

 

Revenue and profitability of the Firm

 

Return on equity and risk factors of both the business units and Morgan Stanley

 

Assets managed by the portfolio manager

 

External market conditions

 

New business development and business sustainability

 

Contribution to client objectives

 

Team, product and/or MSIM performance

 

The pre-tax investment performance of the funds/accounts managed by the portfolio manager (which may, in certain cases, be measured against the applicable benchmark(s) and/or peer group(s) over one, three and five-year periods

 

Individual contribution and performance
 

Further, the Firm’s Global Incentive Compensation Discretion Policy requires compensation managers to consider only legitimate, business related factors when exercising discretion in determining variable incentive compensation, including adherence to Morgan Stanley’s core values, conduct, disciplinary actions in the current performance year, risk management and risk outcomes.

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers as of March 31, 2018 (unless otherwise indicated) 

 

Registered Investment Companies 

Other Pooled Investment Vehicles 

Other Accounts 

Fund and Portfolio Managers 

Number of Accounts 

Total Assets in the Accounts 

Number of Accounts 

Total Assets in the Accounts 

Number of Accounts 

Total Assets in the Accounts 

Global Concentrated Real Estate

 

 

 

 

 

 

Theodore R. Bigman 

13 

$4.2 billion 

26 

$7.7 billion 

311

$3.9 billion1

Real Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mark A. Bavoso 

6 

$647.6 million 

3 

$845.5 million 

82

$6.1 billion2

Theodore R. Bigman 

13 

$4.2 billion 

26 

$7.7 billion 

311

$3.9 billion1

Matthew King 

2 

$451.0 million 

5 

$1.3 billion 

33

$324.0 million3

Ryan Meredith 

0 

$0 

4 

$731.5 million 

94

$5.5 billion4

Christian G. Roth 

9 

$1.2 billion 

45 

$9.0 billion 

475

$18.3 billion5

1 Of these other accounts, six accounts with a total of $293.6 million in assets had performance-based fees.
2 Of these other accounts, three accounts with a total of $3.4 billion in assets had performance-based fees.
3 Of these other accounts, two accounts with a total of $28.4 million in assets had performance-based fees.
4 Of these other accounts, three accounts with a total of $4.7 billion in assets had performance-based fees.
5 Of these other accounts, 13 accounts with a total of $11.9 billion in assets had performance-based fees.

Securities Ownership of Portfolio Managers 

As of the date of this SAI (unless otherwise noted), the dollar range of securities beneficially owned (or held notionally through IMAP) by each portfolio manager in the Funds is shown below:

Fund and Portfolio Managers

Fund Holdings

Global Concentrated Real Estate

 

Theodore R. Bigman 

None 

Real Assets

 

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Mark A. Bavoso 

None 

Theodore R. Bigman 

None 

Matthew King 

None 

Ryan Meredith 

None 

Christian G. Roth 

None 

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Ernst & Young LLP, located at 200 Clarendon Street, Boston, MA 02116-5021, serves as the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm and audits the annual financial statements of each Fund.

Fund Counsel 

Dechert LLP, located at 1095 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10036-6797, acts as the Company’s legal counsel. 

Securities Lending

Pursuant to an agreement between the Company and State Street, the Funds may lend their securities through State Street as securities lending agent to certain qualified borrowers. As securities lending agent of the Company, State Street administers the Funds’ securities lending program. These services include arranging the loans of securities with approved borrowers and their return to the Fund upon loan termination, negotiating the terms of such loans, selecting the securities to be loaned and monitoring dividend activity relating to loaned securities. State Street also marks to market daily the value of loaned securities and collateral and may require additional collateral as necessary from borrowers. State Street may also, in its capacity as securities lending agent, invest cash received as collateral in pre-approved investments in accordance with the Securities Lending Authorization Agreement. State Street maintains records of loans made and income derived therefrom and makes available such records that the Company deems necessary to monitor the securities lending program.

DISTRIBUTION AND SHAREHOLDER SERVICES PLANS 

Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley, serves as the Company’s exclusive distributor of Fund shares pursuant to a Distribution Agreement. In addition, to promote the sale of Company shares, the Company has adopted a Shareholder Services Plan with respect to the Class A shares of each Fund and Distribution and Shareholder Services Plans with respect to Class C shares of each Fund under Rule 12b-1 of the 1940 Act (each, a “Plan”). Under the Plans, each Fund pays the Distributor a shareholder services fee of up to 0.25% of the Class A shares’ average daily net assets on an annualized basis. Each Fund pays the Distributor a shareholder services fee of up to 0.25% of the Class C shares’ average daily net assets on an annualized basis and a distribution fee of up to 0.75% of the Class C shares’ average daily net assets on an annualized basis. Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc. may retain any portion of the fees it does not expend in meeting its obligations to the Company. The Distributor may compensate Financial Intermediaries, plan fiduciaries and administrators, which may or may not be affiliated with Morgan Stanley, for providing distribution-related and/or shareholder support services, including account maintenance services, to shareholders (including, where applicable, underlying beneficial owners) of the Company. The Distributor and the Adviser also may compensate third-parties out of their own assets. 

The Plans for the Class A and Class C shares were approved by the Company’s Board of Directors, including the Independent Directors, none of whom has a direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of a Plan or in any agreements related thereto. 

With respect to sales of Class C shares of the Company, a commission or transaction fee generally will be compensated by the Distributor at the time of purchase directly out of the Distributor’s assets (and not out of the Company’s assets) to Financial Intermediaries who initiate and are responsible for such purchases computed based on a percentage of the dollar value of such shares sold of up to 1.00% on Class C shares. 

Proceeds from any CDSC and any distribution fees on Class C shares are paid to the Distributor and are used by the Distributor to defray its distribution related expenses in connection with the sale of the Company’s shares, such as the payment to Financial Intermediaries for selling such shares. With respect to Class C shares, the Financial Intermediaries generally receive from the Distributor ongoing distribution fees of up to 1.00% of the average daily net assets of the Company’s Class C shares annually commencing in the second year after purchase.

Revenue Sharing 

This section does not apply to Class IS shares. The Adviser and/or the Distributor may pay compensation, out of their own funds and not as an expense of the Funds, to certain Financial Intermediaries, including recordkeepers and administrators of various deferred compensation plans, in connection with the sale, distribution, marketing and retention of shares of the Funds and/or shareholder servicing. For example, the Adviser or the Distributor may pay additional compensation to a Financial Intermediary for, among other things, promoting the sale and distribution of Fund shares, providing access to various programs, mutual fund

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platforms or preferred or recommended mutual fund lists that may be offered by a Financial Intermediary, granting the Distributor access to a Financial Intermediary’s financial advisors and consultants, providing assistance in the ongoing education and training of a Financial Intermediary’s financial personnel, furnishing marketing support, maintaining share balances and/or for sub-accounting, recordkeeping, administrative, shareholder, or transaction processing services. Such payments are in addition to any distribution fees, shareholder servicing fees and/or transfer agency fees that may be payable by the Funds. The additional payments may be based on various factors, including level of sales (based on gross or net sales or some specified minimum sales or some other similar criteria related to sales of the Funds and/or some or all other Morgan Stanley Funds), amount of assets invested by the Financial Intermediary’s customers (which could include current or aged assets of the Funds and/or some or all other Morgan Stanley Funds), a Fund’s advisory fees, some other agreed upon amount or other measures as determined from time to time by the Adviser and/or the Distributor. The amount of these payments may be different for different Financial Intermediaries. 

With respect to Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC, these payments currently include the following amounts, which are paid in accordance with the applicable compensation structure:

 

1 an ongoing annual fee in an amount up to $500,000 in consideration of the Adviser’s participation at various Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC events, including seminars, conferences and meetings as determined by Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC;

 

2 an ongoing annual fee in an amount up to $400,000 in consideration of Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC providing Adviser with access to distribution analytical data in relation to sales of the Funds by Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC financial advisors;

 

3 on Class A and Class C shares of the Funds held in Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC brokerage accounts, an ongoing annual fee in an amount equal to 0.10% of the total average daily NAV of such shares for the applicable quarterly period; and

 

4 on purchases of $1 million or more of Class A shares (for which no initial sales charge was paid), Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC may, at the discretion of the Distributor, receive a gross sales credit of up to 1.00% of the amount sold, as applicable.*
 

With respect to other Financial Intermediaries, these payments currently include the following amounts, which are paid in accordance with the applicable compensation structure for each Financial Intermediary:

 

1 on Class I, Class A and Class C shares of the Funds, reimbursement for ticket charges applied to Fund shares;

 

2 on Class I, Class A and Class C shares of the Funds held in brokerage and/or advisory program accounts, an ongoing annual fee in an amount up to 0.225% of the total average daily NAV of such shares for the applicable quarterly period;

 

3 an ongoing annual fee in an amount up to 0.25% on sales of Class I, Class A and Class C shares of the Funds through brokerage accounts; and

 

4 on purchases of $1 million or more of Class A shares (for which no initial sales charge was paid), Financial Intermediaries may, at the discretion of the Distributor, receive a gross sales credit of up to 1.00% of the amount sold, as applicable.*
 

* Commissions or transaction fees paid when Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC or other Intermediaries initiate and are responsible for purchases of $1 million or more are computed on a percentage of the dollar value of such shares sold as follows: 1.00% on sales of $1 million to $4 million, plus 0.50% on sales over $4 million to $15 million, plus 0.25% on the excess over $15 million. Purchases of Class A shares for which no initial sales charge is paid are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) of 1% if the redemption of such shares occurs within 18 months after purchase. The full amount of such CDSC will be retained by the Distributor. 

The prospect of receiving, or the receipt of, additional compensation as described above by Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC or other Financial Intermediaries may provide Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC or other Financial Intermediaries and their financial advisors and other salespersons with an incentive to favor sales of shares of the Funds over other investment options with respect to which Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC or other Financial Intermediaries do not receive additional compensation (or receives lower levels of additional compensation). These payment arrangements, however, will not change the price that an investor pays for shares of the Funds or the amount that the Funds receive to invest on behalf of an investor. Investors may wish to take such payment arrangements into account when considering and evaluating any recommendations relating to Fund shares and should review carefully any disclosure provided by Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC and other Financial Intermediaries as to their compensation.

Dealer Reallowances 

Upon notice to selected broker-dealers, the Distributor may reallow up to the full applicable front-end sales charge during periods specified in such notice. During periods when 90% or more of the sales charge is reallowed, such selected broker-dealers may be deemed to be underwriters as that term is defined in the 1933 Act. 

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BROKERAGE PRACTICES 

Portfolio Transactions 

The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers are responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities for each Fund, for broker-dealer selection and for negotiation of commission rates. The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers are prohibited from directing brokerage transactions on the basis of the referral of clients or the sale of shares of advised investment companies. Purchases and sales of securities on a stock exchange are effected through brokers who charge a commission for their services. In the OTC market, securities may be traded as agency transactions through broker-dealers or traded on a “net” basis with dealers acting as principal for their own accounts without a stated commission, although the price of the security usually includes profit to the dealer. In underwritten offerings, securities are purchased at a fixed price which includes an amount of compensation to the underwriter, generally referred to as the underwriter’s concession or discount. When securities are purchased or sold directly from or to an issuer, no commissions or discounts are paid. 

On occasion, a Fund may purchase certain money market instruments directly from an issuer without payment of a commission or concession. Money market instruments are generally traded on a “net” basis with dealers acting as principal for their own accounts without a stated commission, although the price of the security usually includes a profit to the dealer. 

The Company anticipates that certain of its transactions involving foreign securities will be effected on foreign securities exchanges. There is also generally less government supervision and regulation of foreign securities exchanges and brokers than in the United States. 

The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers select broker-dealers for the execution of transactions for the Funds in accordance with their duty to seek “best execution” (i.e., the most favorable terms of execution). In seeking best execution, the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers are not obligated to choose the broker-dealer offering the lowest available commission rate if, in the Adviser’s and/or Sub-Advisers’ reasonable judgment, (i) the total costs or proceeds from the transaction might be less favorable than may be obtained elsewhere; (ii) a higher commission is justified by the brokerage and research services provided by the broker-dealer that fall within the safe harbor of Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act or otherwise is permitted under applicable law; or (iii) other considerations, such as the order size, the time required for execution, the depth and breadth of the market for the security or minimum credit quality requirements to transact business with a particular broker-dealer. The research services received include services which aid the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers in fulfilling their investment decision-making responsibilities, including (a) furnishing advice as to the value of securities, the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling securities, and the availability of securities or purchasers or sellers of securities; and (b) furnishing analyses and reports concerning issuers, industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio strategy, and the performance of accounts. 

When effecting transactions on behalf of the Funds, the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers may trade with any broker-dealer on their list of approved broker-dealers. Approved broker-dealers have met criteria as established by the Adviser’s Counterparty Governance Committee (“CGC”). The CGC reviews and approves broker-dealers periodically to determine whether broker-dealers on the approved list continue to meet such criteria. When selecting an approved broker-dealer (including an affiliate) to execute securities transactions, the following factors may be considered: (i) best available price; (ii) reliability, integrity and reputation in the industry (which may include a review of financial information and creditworthiness); (iii) execution capabilities, including block positioning, speed of execution and quality and responsiveness of its trading desk; (iv) knowledge of and access to the markets for the securities being traded; (v) potential ability to obtain price improvement; (vi) ability to maintain confidentiality; (vii) ability to handle non-traditional trades; (viii) commission and commission-equivalent rates; (ix) technology infrastructure; (x) clearance and settlement capabilities; (xi) the size of the trade relative to other trades in the same instrument; (xii) ability of a counterparty to commit its capital to a Fund’s trade and its access to liquidity; (xiii) counterparty restrictions associated with a portfolio, including regulatory trading, documentation requirement or any specific clearing broker-dealer requirements; (xiv) client-directed execution; (xv) client-specific restrictions; and (xvi) such other factors as may be appropriate. 

Subject to the duty to seek best execution, the Adviser uses a portion of the commissions generated when executing client transactions to acquire brokerage and research services that aid in fulfilling investment decision-making responsibilities in accordance with Section 28(e) and applicable law. Commissions paid to broker-dealers providing brokerage and research services may be higher than those charged by other broker-dealers. Subject to applicable law, the Adviser receives a benefit when using client commissions to obtain brokerage and research services because the Adviser does not have to produce or pay for the brokerage research services itself. Therefore, the Adviser has an incentive to select or recommend a broker-dealer based on its interest in receiving brokerage and research services, rather than solely on its clients’ interest in obtaining the best price. 

The Adviser has adopted policies and procedures designed to help track and evaluate the benefits received from brokerage and research services, as well as to track how much clients pay above the amount that broker-dealers from which the Adviser receives brokerage and research services may have charged solely for execution of such trades. The Adviser utilizes a voting system to assist in making a good faith determination of the value of brokerage and research services it receives in accordance with Section 28(e) and applicable law. In many cases, these involve subjective judgments or approximations. The Adviser has established a process for budgeting research costs and allocating such costs across client accounts. 

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The Adviser and certain other affiliated advisers have entered into commission sharing arrangements (“CSAs”) with executing brokers (“CSA Partners”) and a third-party vendor (“CSA Aggregator”). Pursuant to these arrangements, and under the Adviser’s supervision, the CSA Partners and CSA Aggregator track execution and research commissions separately and pool and distribute research credits in accordance with the policies and procedures discussed above to approved research providers (which may include executing brokerage firms or independent research providers (“Approved Research Providers”)) that provide brokerage and research services. The CSA Aggregator also reconciles research credits from trades with CSA Partners, and pays Approved Research Providers and provides other related administrative functions. In addition, a CSA Partner may provide the Adviser with proprietary research it has developed and, upon instruction, may retain research commission credits as compensation for the provision of such proprietary research services. The Adviser believes that these arrangements allow it to monitor the amount of trading costs that are attributable to execution services on the one hand and other brokerage and research services on the other. 

Transactions that generate research credits include equity transactions executed on an agency basis or via a riskless principal transaction where the executing broker-dealer receives a commission. The Adviser does not use CSAs or otherwise have arrangements to pay for brokerage and research services with client commissions in connection with trading fixed income securities. Consistent with long-standing industry practice in the fixed income markets, however, the Adviser, subject to applicable law, may receive brokerage and research services and other information, including access to fixed income trading platforms that dealers provide for no charge to their customers in the ordinary course of business. Fixed income instruments typically trade at a bid/ask spread and without an explicit brokerage charge. While there is not a formal trading expense or commission, clients will bear the implicit trading costs reflected in these spreads.

The Adviser may receive “mixed use” products and services from an Approved Research Provider, where a portion of the product or service assists in its investment decision-making process in accordance with Section 28(e) and a portion may be used for other purposes. Where a product or service has a mixed use, the Adviser will make a reasonable allocation of its cost according to its use and will use client commissions to pay only for the portion of the product or service that assists in its investment decision-making process. The Adviser may have an incentive to allocate the costs to uses that assist in its investment decision-making process because the Adviser may pay for such costs with client commissions rather than its own resources. To the extent the Adviser receives “mixed use” products and services, the Adviser will allocate the anticipated costs of a mixed use product or service in good faith and maintain records concerning allocations in order to mitigate such conflicts. 

Client accounts that pay a greater amount of commissions relative to other accounts may bear a greater share of the cost of brokerage and research services than such other accounts. The Adviser may use brokerage and research services obtained with brokerage commissions from some clients for the benefit of other clients whose brokerage commissions do not pay for such brokerage and research services. The Adviser may also share brokerage and research services with its affiliated advisers, and the clients of its affiliated advisers may receive the benefits of such brokerage and research services. These arrangements remain subject to the Adviser’s overall obligation to seek best execution for client trading. 

The EU’s Markets in Financial Instruments Directive II (“MiFID II”), which became effective January 3, 2018, requires investment advisers regulated under MiFID II to pay for research services separately from trade execution services, either through their own resources or a research payment account funded by a specific charge to a client. Although the Adviser is not directly subject to the provisions of MiFID II, certain of its affiliated advisers are, such as Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited; accordingly, as applicable, the Adviser makes a reasonable valuation and allocation of the cost of research services as between MiFID II client accounts and other accounts that participate in CSAs and will pay for research services received with respect to MiFID II client accounts from its own resources. The Adviser and affiliated advisers subject to MiFID II may separately pay for fixed income research from their own resources. 

When permitted under applicable law, portfolio managers generally will aggregate orders of their clients for the same securities in a single order so that such orders are executed simultaneously in order to facilitate best execution and to reduce brokerage costs. The Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers effect aggregated orders in a manner designed to ensure that no participating client is favored over any other client. 

In general, accounts that participate in an aggregated order will participate on a pro rata or other objective basis. Pro rata allocation of securities and other instruments will generally consist of allocation based on the order size of a participating client account in proportion to the size of the orders placed for other accounts participating in the aggregated order. However, the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers may allocate such securities and other instruments using a method other than pro rata if their supply is limited, based on differing portfolio characteristics among accounts or to avoid odd lots or small allocations, among other reasons. These allocations are made in the good faith judgment of the Adviser and/or the Sub-Advisers with a goal of seeking to ensure that fair and equitable allocation occurs over time. There may be times that the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers are not able to aggregate orders because of applicable law or other considerations when doing so might otherwise be advantageous.

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Affiliated Brokers 

Subject to the overriding objective of obtaining the best execution of orders, the Company may use broker-dealer affiliates of the Adviser to effect Fund brokerage transactions, including transactions in futures contracts and options on futures contracts, under procedures adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors. In order to use such affiliates, the commission rates and other remuneration paid to the affiliates must be fair and reasonable in comparison to those of other broker-dealers for comparable transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold during a comparable time period. This standard would allow the affiliated broker or dealer to receive no more than the remuneration which would be expected to be received by an unaffiliated broker. 

Pursuant to an order issued by the SEC, the Company is permitted to engage in principal transactions in money market instruments, subject to certain conditions, with Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, a broker-dealer affiliated with the Company’s Adviser.

Portfolio Turnover 

The Funds generally do not invest for short-term trading purposes; however, when circumstances warrant, each Fund may sell investment securities without regard to the length of time they have been held. Market conditions in a given year could result in a higher or lower portfolio turnover rate than expected and the Funds will not consider portfolio turnover rate a limiting factor in making investment decisions consistent with their investment objectives and policies. Higher portfolio turnover (e.g., over 100%) necessarily will cause the Funds to pay correspondingly increased brokerage and trading costs. In addition to transaction costs, higher portfolio turnover may result in the realization of capital gains. As discussed under “Taxes,” to the extent net short-term capital gains are realized, any distributions resulting from such gains are considered ordinary income for federal income tax purposes. 

GENERAL INFORMATION 

Company History 

The Company was incorporated pursuant to the laws of the State of Maryland on June 16, 1988 under the name Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. The Company filed a registration statement with the SEC registering itself as an open-end management investment company offering diversified and non-diversified series under the 1940 Act and its shares under the 1933 Act, as amended, and commenced operations on November 15, 1988. On December 1, 1998, the Company changed its name to Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Institutional Fund, Inc. Effective May 1, 2001, the Company changed its name to Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. 

Description of Shares and Voting Rights 

The Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation permit the Directors to issue 119 billion shares of common stock, par value $.001 per share, from an unlimited number of classes or series of shares. The shares of each Fund of the Company, when issued, are fully paid and nonassessable, and have no preference as to conversion, exchange, dividends, retirement or other features. Fund shares have no pre-emptive rights. The shares of the Company have non-cumulative voting rights, which means that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voting for the election of Directors can elect 100% of the Directors if they choose to do so. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held (and a fractional vote for each fractional share held), then standing in their name on the books of the Company. No portfolio of the Company is subject to the liabilities of any other portfolio of the Company.

Dividends and Capital Gains Distributions 

The Company’s policy is to distribute substantially all of each Fund’s net investment income, if any. The Company may also distribute any net realized capital gains in the amount and at the times that will avoid both income (including taxable gains) taxes on it and the imposition of the federal excise tax on income and capital gains (see “Taxes”). However, the Company may also choose to retain net realized capital gains and pay taxes on such gains. The amounts of any income dividends or capital gains distributions cannot be predicted. 

Any dividend or distribution paid shortly after the purchase of shares of a Fund by an investor may have the effect of reducing the per share NAV of that Fund by the per share amount of the dividend or distribution. Furthermore, such dividends or distributions, although in effect a return of capital, are subject to income taxes for shareholders subject to tax as set forth herein and in the applicable Prospectus. 

As set forth in the Prospectuses, unless the shareholder elects otherwise in writing, all dividends and capital gains distributions for a class of shares are automatically reinvested in additional shares of the same class of the Fund at NAV (as of the business day following the record date). This automatic reinvestment of dividends and distributions will remain in effect until the shareholder notifies the Company by telephone or in writing that either the Income Option (income dividends in cash and capital gain distributions reinvested in shares at NAV) or the Cash Option (both income dividends and capital gains distributions in cash) has been elected. It may take up to three business days to effect this change. An account statement is sent to shareholders whenever a dividend or distribution is paid. 

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TAXES 

The following is only a summary of certain additional federal income tax considerations generally affecting the Company, Funds and their shareholders. No attempt is made to present a detailed explanation of the federal, state or local tax treatment of the Company, Funds or shareholders, and the discussion here and in the Prospectuses is not intended to be a substitute for careful tax planning. 

The following general discussion of certain federal income tax consequences is based on the Code and the regulations issued thereunder as in effect on the date of this SAI. New legislation, as well as administrative changes or court decisions, may significantly change the conclusions expressed herein, and may have a retroactive effect with respect to the transactions contemplated herein. 

Each Fund within the Company is generally treated as a separate corporation for federal income tax purposes. Thus, the provisions of the Code generally will be applied to each Fund separately, rather than to the Company as a whole. 

Regulated Investment Company Qualifications 

Each Fund intends to qualify and elect to be treated for each taxable year as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to so qualify, each Fund must, among other things, (i) derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, and other income derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies, including, generally, certain gains from options, futures and forward contracts; and (ii) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each fiscal quarter of the Fund’s taxable year, (a) at least 50% of the market value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs, and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect to any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets or 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of its total assets are invested in the securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs) of any one issuer or two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses. For purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described above, foreign currency gains will generally be treated as qualifying income under current federal income tax law. However, the Code expressly provides the U.S. Treasury with authority to issue regulations that would exclude foreign currency gains from qualifying income if such gains are not directly related to a RIC’s business of investing in stock or securities (or options or futures with respect to stocks or securities). While to date the U.S. Treasury has not exercised this regulatory authority, there can be no assurance that it will not issue regulations in the future (possibly with retroactive application) that would treat some or all of a Fund’s foreign currency gains as non-qualifying income. 

For purposes of the 90% test described above, dividends received by a Fund will be treated as qualifying income to the extent they are attributable to the issuer’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. Distributions in excess of the distributing issuer’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will first reduce the Fund’s basis in the stock as a return of capital and will not qualify as gross income. Distributions in excess of the Fund’s basis in the stock will qualify for the 90% test discussed above as the distribution will be treated as gain from the sale of stock. This gain will be long-term capital gain if the Fund held the stock for more than a year. 

For purposes of the diversification requirement described above, the Fund will not be treated as in violation of such requirement as a result of a discrepancy between the value of its various investments and the diversification percentages described above, unless such discrepancy exists immediately following the acquisition of any security or other property and is wholly or partly the result of such acquisition. Moreover, even in the event of noncompliance with the diversification requirement as of the end of any given quarter, the Fund is permitted to cure the violation by eliminating the discrepancy causing such noncompliance within a period of 30 days from the close of the relevant quarter other than its first quarter following its election to be taxed as a RIC. 

Net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership,” as defined in the Code, will be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the income requirement in clause (i) above. In addition, for the purposes of the diversification requirements in clause (ii) above, the outstanding voting securities of any issuer includes the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership, and no more than 25% of the value of a RIC’s total assets may be invested in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships. The separate treatment for publicly traded partnerships under the passive loss rules of the Code applies to a RIC holding an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership, with respect to items attributable to such interest. 

The Real Assets Portfolio may seek to gain commodity exposure through investments in underlying funds that are treated as qualified publicly traded partnerships or grantor trusts for federal income tax purposes. Investments by the Fund in qualified publicly traded partnerships and grantor trusts that engage in commodity trading must be monitored and limited so as to enable the Fund to satisfy certain asset diversification and qualifying income tests for qualification as a regulated investment company. Failure to satisfy either test would jeopardize the Fund’s status as a regulated investment company, which could result in material adverse consequences to the Fund. 

The Funds may make certain investments indirectly through one or more entities treated as corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Such entities will generally be required to pay U.S. corporate income tax, and possibly other taxes, on their earnings, which ultimately will reduce the Fund’s return on income derived from such investments.

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In addition to the requirements described above, in order to qualify as a RIC, a Fund must distribute at least 90% of its investment company taxable income (which generally includes dividends, taxable interest, and the excess of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses less operating expenses) and at least 90% of its net tax-exempt interest income, for each tax year, if any, to its shareholders. If a Fund meets all of the RIC requirements, it will not be subject to federal income tax on any of its investment company taxable income or capital gains that it distributes to shareholders. 

If a Fund fails to qualify as a RIC for any taxable year, all of its net income will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates (whether or not distributed to shareholders), and its distributions (including capital gains distributions) will be taxable as income dividends to its shareholders to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, and will be eligible for the dividends-received deduction for corporate shareholders and for treatment as qualified dividend income, in the case of individual shareholders. 

If a Fund fails to satisfy either the income test or asset diversification test described above, in certain cases, however, the Fund may be able to avoid losing its status as a RIC by timely providing notice of such failure to the IRS, curing such failure and possibly paying an additional tax or penalty.

General Tax Treatment of Qualifying RICs and Shareholders 

Each Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its net investment income (including, for this purpose, net short-term capital gains) to shareholders. Dividends from a Fund’s net investment income generally are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income, whether received in cash or in additional shares. Certain income distributions paid by each Fund to individual shareholders are taxed at rates equal to those applicable to net long-term capital gains (currently either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts). This tax treatment applies only if certain holding period requirements are satisfied by the shareholder and the dividends are attributable to qualified dividends received by the Fund itself. For this purpose, “qualified dividends” means dividends received by a Fund from certain U.S. corporations and qualifying foreign corporations, provided that the Fund satisfies certain holding period and other requirements in respect of the stock of such corporations. Distributions received from REITs are generally comprised of ordinary income dividends and capital gains dividends, which are generally passed along to shareholders retaining the same character and are subject to tax accordingly, as described above. In the case of securities lending transactions, payments in lieu of dividends are not qualified dividends. Dividends received by a Fund from REITs are qualified dividends eligible for this lower tax rate only in limited circumstances. Dividends received by a Fund from a passive foreign investment company (discussed below) are generally not eligible to be treated as qualified dividends. 

Under recent tax legislation, individuals and certain other noncorporate entities are generally eligible for a 20% deduction with respect to taxable income from MLPs as well as taxable ordinary dividends from REITs. Currently, there is not a regulatory mechanism for regulated investment companies such as the Funds to pass through the 20% deduction to shareholders. As a result, in comparison, investors investing directly in MLPs or REITs would generally be eligible for the 20% deduction for such taxable income from these investments while investors investing in REITs or MLPs held indirectly if any through the Funds would not be eligible for the 20% deduction for their share of such taxable income. 

A dividend paid by a Fund to a shareholder will not be treated as qualified dividend income of the shareholder if (1) the dividend is received with respect to any share held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend, (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property or (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend treated as investment income for purposes of the limitation on deductibility of investment interest. 

You should also be aware that the benefits of the reduced tax rate applicable to long-term capital gains and qualified dividend income may be impacted by the application of the alternative minimum tax to individual shareholders. 

Dividends paid to you out of a Fund’s investment company taxable income that are not attributable to qualified dividends generally will be taxable to you as ordinary income (currently at a maximum federal income tax rate of 37% in the case of an individual shareholder for taxable years beginning after 2017 and before 2026 and, in the case of a corporate shareholder, 35% for taxable years beginning before 2018, and 21% for taxable years beginning in 2018 or later) to the extent of the Fund’s earnings and profits. 

Distributions of net long-term capital gains, if any, are taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gains regardless of how long a shareholder has held a Fund’s shares and regardless of whether the distribution is received in additional shares or in cash. The maximum individual rate applicable to long-term capital gains is generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. 

Each Fund will decide whether to distribute or to retain all or part of any net capital gains (the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses) in any year for reinvestment. Distributions of net capital gains are taxable to shareholders as a long-term capital gain regardless of how long shareholders have held their shares. Each Fund will send reports annually to shareholders regarding the federal income tax status of all distributions made for the preceding year. To the extent such amounts include distributions received from a REIT, they may be based on estimates and be subject to change as REITs do not always have the

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information available by the time these reports are due and can recharacterize certain amounts after the end of the tax year. As a result, the final character and amount of distributions may differ from that initially reported. If any capital gains are retained, the Fund will pay federal income tax thereon, and, if the Fund makes an election, the shareholders will include such undistributed gains in their income, and will increase their tax basis in Fund shares by the difference between the amount of the includable gains and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder in respect of such shares. The shareholder will be able to claim their share of the tax paid by the Fund as a refundable credit. 

Shareholders generally are taxed on any ordinary dividend or capital gain distributions from a Fund in the year they are actually distributed. However, if any such dividends or distributions are declared in October, November or December, to shareholders of record of such month and paid in January, then such amounts will be treated for tax purposes as received by the shareholders on December 31. 

After the end of each calendar year, shareholders will be sent information on their dividends and capital gain distributions for tax purposes, including the portion taxable as ordinary income, the portion taxable as long-term capital gains, and the amount of any dividends eligible for the federal dividends received deduction for corporations. 

Gains or losses on the sale of securities by a Fund held as a capital asset will generally be long-term capital gains or losses if the securities have a tax holding period of more than one year at the time of such sale. Gains or losses on the sale of securities with a tax holding period of one year or less will be short-term capital gains or losses. Special tax rules described below may change the normal treatment of gains and losses recognized by a Fund when it makes certain types of investments. Those special tax rules can, among other things, affect the treatment of capital gain or loss as long-term or short-term and may result in ordinary income or loss rather than capital gain or loss. The application of these special rules would therefore also affect the character of distributions made by a Fund. 

A gain or loss realized by a shareholder on the sale, exchange or redemption of shares of a Fund held as a capital asset will be capital gain or loss, and such gain or loss will be long-term if the holding period for the shares exceeds one year and otherwise will be short-term. Any loss realized on a sale, exchange or redemption of shares of a Fund will be disallowed to the extent the shares disposed of are replaced with substantially identical shares within the 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the shares are disposed of. Any loss realized by a shareholder on the disposition of shares held six months or less is treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any distributions of net long-term capital gains received by the shareholder with respect to such shares or any inclusion of undistributed capital gain with respect to such shares. The ability to deduct capital losses may otherwise be limited under the Code.

An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from a Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Fund shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts. 

The Funds (or their administrative agent) are required to report to the IRS and furnish to Fund shareholders the cost basis information for sale transactions of shares purchased on or after January 1, 2012. Shareholders may elect to have one of several cost basis methods applied to their account when calculating the cost basis of shares sold, including average cost, FIFO (“first-in, first-out”) or some other specific identification method. Unless you instruct otherwise, each Fund will use average cost as its default cost basis method, and will treat sales as first coming from shares purchased prior to January 1, 2012. If average cost is used for the first sale of Fund shares covered by these new rules, the shareholder may only use an alternative cost basis method for shares purchased prospectively. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisors to determine the best cost basis method for their tax situation. 

Each Fund will generally be subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax to the extent it fails to distribute by the end of any calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for that year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income (the excess of short- and long-term capital gains over short- and long-term capital losses, including any available capital loss carryforwards) for the one-year period ending on October 31 of that year, plus certain other amounts. Each Fund intends to make sufficient distributions or deemed distributions of its ordinary income and capital gain net income, prior to the end of each calendar year to avoid liability for federal excise tax, but can give no assurances that all such liability will be eliminated. 

The Company may be required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury an amount equal to 24% of any dividends, capital gains distributions and redemption proceeds paid to any individual or certain other non-corporate shareholder (i) who has failed to provide a correct taxpayer identification number (generally an individual’s social security number or non-individual’s employer identification number) on the New Account Application; (ii) who is subject to backup withholding as notified by the IRS; or (iii) who has not certified to the Company that such shareholder is not subject to backup withholding. This backup withholding is not an additional tax, and any amounts withheld would be sent to the IRS as an advance payment of taxes due on a shareholder’s income for such year. 

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The Company may make investments in which it recognizes income or gain prior to receiving cash with respect to such investment. For example, under certain tax rules, the Company may be required to accrue a portion of any discount at which certain securities are purchased as income each year even though the Company receives no payments in cash on the security during the year. To the extent that the Company makes such investments, it generally would be required to pay out such income or gain as a distribution in each year to avoid taxation at the Company level. Such distributions will be made from the available cash of the Company or by liquidation of portfolio securities if necessary. If a distribution of cash necessitates the liquidation of portfolio securities, the Adviser will select which securities to sell. The Company may realize a gain or loss from such sales. In the event the Company realizes net capital gains from such transactions, the Company and consequently its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution, if any, than they would in the absence of such transactions.

Special Rules for Certain Foreign Currency and Derivatives Transactions 

In general, gains from foreign currencies and from foreign currency options, foreign currency futures and forward foreign exchange contracts relating to investments in stock, securities or foreign currencies are currently considered to be qualifying income for purposes of determining whether the Fund qualifies as a RIC. 

Under Section 988 of the Code, special rules are provided for certain transactions in a foreign currency other than the taxpayer’s functional currency (i.e., unless certain special rules apply, currencies other than the U.S. dollar). In general, foreign currency gains or losses from forward contracts, from futures contracts that are not “regulated futures contracts,” and from unlisted options will be treated as ordinary income or loss under Section 988 of the Code. Also, certain foreign exchange gains or losses derived with respect to foreign fixed income securities are also subject to Section 988 treatment. In general, therefore, Section 988 gains or losses will increase or decrease the amount of the Fund’s investment company taxable income available to be distributed to shareholders as ordinary income, rather than increasing or decreasing the amount of the Fund’s net capital gain. 

A Fund’s investment in options, swaps and related transactions, futures contracts and forward contracts, options on futures contracts and stock indices and certain other securities, including transactions involving actual or deemed short sales or foreign exchange gains or losses are subject to many complex and special tax rules. For example, OTC options on debt securities and equity options, including options on stock and on narrow-based stock indices, will be subject to tax under Section 1234 of the Code, generally producing a long-term or short-term capital gain or loss upon exercise, lapse or closing out of the option or sale of the underlying stock or security. By contrast, a Fund’s treatment of certain other options, futures and forward contracts entered into by a Fund is generally governed by Section 1256 of the Code. These “Section 1256” positions generally include listed options on debt securities, options on broad-based stock indices, options on securities indices, options on futures contracts, regulated futures contracts and certain foreign currency contracts and options thereon. 

When a Fund holds options or futures contracts which substantially diminish their risk of loss with respect to other positions (as might occur in some hedging transactions), this combination of positions could be treated as a “straddle” for tax purposes, resulting in possible deferral of losses, adjustments in the holding periods of Fund securities and conversion of short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. Certain tax elections exist for mixed straddles (i.e., straddles comprised of at least one Section 1256 position and at least one non-Section 1256 position) which may reduce or eliminate the operation of these straddle rules. 

A Section 1256 position held by a Fund will generally be marked-to-market (i.e., treated as if it were sold for fair market value) on the last business day of the Fund’s fiscal year, and all gain or loss associated with fiscal year transactions and mark-to-market positions at fiscal year end (except certain currency gain or loss covered by Section 988 of the Code) will generally be treated as 60% long-term capital gain or loss and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. The effect of Section 1256 mark-to-market rules may be to accelerate income or to convert what otherwise would have been long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains or short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses within a Fund. The acceleration of income on Section 1256 positions may require a Fund to accrue taxable income without the corresponding receipt of cash. In order to generate cash to satisfy the distribution requirements of the Code, a Fund may be required to dispose of portfolio securities that it otherwise would have continued to hold or to use cash flows from other sources. Any or all of these rules may, therefore, affect the amount, character and timing of income earned and, in turn, distributed to shareholders by a Fund. 

Special Tax Considerations Relating to Foreign Investments 

Gains or losses attributable to foreign currency contracts, or to fluctuations in exchange rates that occur between the time a Fund accrues interest or other receivables or accrues expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities are treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss to the Fund. Similarly, gains or losses on disposition of debt securities denominated in a foreign currency attributable to fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency between the date of acquisition of the security and the date of disposition also are treated as ordinary gain or loss to the Fund. These gains or losses increase or decrease the amount of a Fund’s net investment income available to be distributed to its shareholders as ordinary income. 

It is expected that each Fund will be subject to foreign withholding taxes with respect to its dividend and interest income from foreign countries, and a Fund may be subject to foreign income taxes with respect to other income. So long as more than 50% in

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value of a Fund’s total assets at the close of the taxable year consists of stock or securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may elect to treat certain foreign income taxes imposed on it for federal income tax purposes as paid directly by its shareholders. A Fund will make such an election only if it deems it to be in the best interest of its shareholders and will notify shareholders in writing each year if it makes an election and of the amount of foreign income taxes, if any, to be treated as paid by the shareholders. If a Fund makes the election, shareholders will be required to include in income their proportionate share of the amount of foreign income taxes treated as imposed on the Fund and will be entitled to claim either a credit (subject to the limitations discussed below) or, if they itemize deductions, a deduction, for their shares of the foreign income taxes in computing their federal income tax liability. 

Shareholders who choose to utilize a credit (rather than a deduction) for foreign taxes will be subject to a number of complex limitations regarding the availability and utilization of the credit. Because of these limitations, shareholders may be unable to claim a credit for the full amount of their proportionate shares of the foreign income taxes paid by a Fund. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of these rules to their particular circumstances. 

A Fund may invest in stocks of foreign companies that may be classified under the Code as passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”). In general, a foreign company is classified as a PFIC if at least one-half of its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its gross income is investment-type income. When investing in PFIC securities, a Funds intends to mark-to-market these securities under certain provisions of the Code and recognize any unrealized gains as ordinary income at the end of the Fund’s fiscal and excise tax years. Deductions for losses are allowable only to the extent of any current or previously recognized gains. These gains (reduced by allowable losses) are treated as ordinary income that the Fund is required to distribute, even though it has not sold or received dividends from these securities. In addition, if a Fund is unable to identify an investment as a PFIC and thus does not make a mark-to-market election, the Fund may be subject to U.S. federal income tax and interest on a portion of any “excess distribution” or gain from the disposition of such shares even if such income is distributed as a taxable dividend by the Fund to its shareholders.

Taxes and Foreign Shareholders 

Taxation of a shareholder who, as to the United States, is a nonresident alien individual, a foreign trust or estate, a foreign corporation or a foreign partnership (“Foreign Shareholder”) depends on whether the income from a Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by such shareholder. 

Shareholders who are not citizens or residents of the United States and certain foreign entities will generally be subject to withholding of U.S. tax of 30% on distributions made by a Fund of investment income and short-term capital gains. Prospective investors are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the specific tax consequences discussed above and the potential applicability of the U.S. estate tax. 

If the income from a Fund is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business carried on by a Foreign Shareholder, then distributions from the Fund and any gains realized upon the sale of shares of the Fund will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the rates applicable to U.S. citizens and residents or domestic corporations. In addition, Foreign Shareholders that are corporations may be subject to a branch profit tax. 

A Fund may be required to withhold federal income tax on distributions that are otherwise exempt from withholding tax (or taxable at a reduced treaty rate) unless the Foreign Shareholder complies with IRS certification requirements. 

Under the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980 (“FIRPTA”), a foreign shareholder is subject to withholding tax in respect of a disposition of a U.S. real property interest and any gain from such disposition is subject to U.S. federal income tax as if such person were a U.S. person. Such gain is sometimes referred to as “FIRPTA gain.” If a Fund is a “U.S. real property holding corporation” and is not domestically controlled, any gain realized on the sale or exchange of Fund shares by a foreign shareholder that owns at any time during the five-year period ending on the date of disposition more than 5% of a class of Fund shares would be FIRPTA gain. A Fund will be a “U.S. real property holding corporation” if, in general, 50% or more of the fair market value of its assets consists of U.S. real property interests, including stock of certain U.S. REITs. 

The Code provides a look-through rule for distributions of FIRPTA gain by a RIC if all of the following requirements are met: (i) the RIC is classified as a “qualified investment entity” (which includes a RIC if, in general more than 50% of the RIC’s assets consists of interest in REITs and U.S. real property holding corporations); and (ii) you are a foreign shareholder that owns more than 5% of the Fund’s shares at any time during the one-year period ending on the date of the distribution. If these conditions are met, a Fund’s distributions to you to the extent derived from gain from the disposition of a U.S. real property interest, may also be treated as FIRPTA gain and therefore subject to U.S. federal income tax, and requiring that you file a nonresident U.S. income tax return. Also, such gain may be subject to a 30% branch profits tax in the hands of a foreign shareholder that is a corporation. Even if a foreign shareholder does not own more than 5% of a Fund’s shares, Fund distributions that are attributable to gain from the sale or disposition of a U.S. real property interest will be taxable as ordinary dividends subject to withholding at a 30% or lower treaty rate. 

The Funds are required to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of taxable dividends and (effective January 1, 2019) redemption proceeds and certain capital gain dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed

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compliant) with extensive new reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders may be requested to provide additional information to the Funds to enable the Funds to determine whether withholding is required. 

The tax consequences to a Foreign Shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of an applicable tax treaty may differ from those described here. Furthermore, Foreign Shareholders are strongly urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an investment in a Fund, including the possible applicability of the U.S. estate tax. 

State and Local Tax Considerations 

Rules of state and local taxation of dividend and capital gains from regulated investment companies often differ from the rules for federal income taxation described above. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors as to the consequences of these and other state and local tax rules regarding an investment in a Fund.

CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES 

As of May 1, 2018, no person was known by the Company to own beneficially or of record 5% or more of the outstanding Class I, Class A, Class C or Class IS shares of the Funds.

PERFORMANCE INFORMATION 

The Funds are newly organized. As a result, the Funds have no operating history or performance information to include.

POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST 

The Adviser and/or its affiliates (together “Morgan Stanley”) provide a broad array of discretionary and non-discretionary investment management services and products for institutional accounts and individual investors. In addition, Morgan Stanley is a diversified global financial services firm that engages in a broad spectrum of activities including financial advisory services, asset management activities, sponsoring and managing private investment funds, engaging in broker-dealer transactions and other activities. Investors should be aware that there will be occasions when Morgan Stanley may encounter potential conflicts of interest in connection with its investment management services. 

Other Accounts. In addition to responsibilities with respect to the management and investment activities of the Funds, the Adviser and its affiliates may have similar responsibilities with respect to various other existing and future pooled investment vehicles and client accounts. Such other private investment funds, registered investment companies and any other existing or future pooled investment vehicles and separately managed accounts advised or managed by the Adviser or any of its affiliates are referred to in this Statement of Additional Information collectively as the “Other Accounts.” The existence of such multiple vehicles and accounts necessarily creates a number of potential conflicts of interest. 

Investment Activities of the Funds and Other Accounts. In the course of providing investment advisory or other services to Other Accounts, the Adviser and its affiliates might come into possession of material, non-public information that affects the Adviser’s ability to buy, sell or hold Fund investments. In addition, affiliates of the Adviser might own, and effect transactions in, securities of companies which the Adviser and/or its affiliates cover in investment research materials or to whom affiliates of the Adviser provide investment banking services or make a market in such securities, or in which the Adviser, its affiliates and their respective shareholders, members, managers, partners, directors, officers and employees have positions of influence or financial interests. As a result, such persons might possess information relating to such securities that is not known to the individuals of the Adviser responsible for managing a Fund’s investments, or might be subject to confidentiality or other restrictions by law, contract or internal procedures. 

The terms under which the Adviser and its affiliates provide management and other services to Other Accounts may differ significantly from those applicable to the Funds. In particular, arrangements with certain Other Accounts might provide for the Adviser and its affiliates to receive fees that are higher than the Advisory Fees payable by shareholders of a Fund. The Adviser does not receive performance-based compensation in respect of its investment management activities on behalf of the Funds, but may simultaneously manage Other Accounts for which the Adviser receives greater fees or other compensation (including performance-based fees or allocations) than it receives in respect of a Fund, which may create a conflict of interest. 

Potential conflicts also may arise due to the fact that certain securities or instruments may be held in some Other Accounts but not in a Fund, or certain Other Accounts may have different levels of holdings in certain securities or instruments than those of a Fund. In addition, the Adviser or its affiliates may give advice or take action with respect to the investments of one or more Other Accounts that may not be given or taken with respect to a Fund or Other Accounts with similar investment programs, objectives, and strategies. Accordingly, a Fund and Other Accounts with similar strategies may not hold the same securities or instruments or achieve the same performance. The Adviser and its affiliates also may advise Other Accounts with conflicting programs, objectives or strategies. Different clients, including funds advised by the Adviser or an affiliate, may invest in different classes of securities of the

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same issuer, depending on the respective client’s investment objectives and policies. As a result, the Adviser and its affiliates may at times seek to satisfy their fiduciary obligations to certain Other Accounts owning one class of securities of a particular issuer by pursuing or enforcing rights on behalf of such Other Accounts with respect to such class of securities, and those activities may have an adverse effect on a Fund or certain Other Accounts, which may own a different class of securities of such issuer. 

Allocation of Investment Opportunities between Funds and Other Accounts. The Adviser expects to conduct each Fund’s investment program in a manner that is similar to the investment programs of certain of the Other Accounts, particularly where the investment objectives and policies of Other Accounts overlap (in whole or in part) with those of the Fund. However, there are or are expected to be differences among each Fund and the Other Accounts with respect to investment objectives, investment strategies, investment parameters and restrictions, portfolio management personnel, tax considerations, liquidity considerations, legal and/or regulatory considerations, asset levels, timing and size of investor capital contributions and withdrawals, cash flow considerations, available cash, market conditions and other criteria deemed relevant by the Adviser and its affiliates (the nature and extent of the differences will vary from fund to fund). Furthermore, the Adviser may manage or advise multiple Accounts (including Other Accounts in which Morgan Stanley and its personnel have an interest) that have investment objectives that are similar to a Fund and that may seek to make investments or sell investments in the same securities or other instruments, sectors or strategies as the Fund. This creates potential conflicts, particularly in circumstances where the availability of such investment opportunities is limited. 

Notwithstanding these differences, there may be circumstances where a Fund and all Other Accounts participate in parallel investment transactions at the same time and on the same terms. The Adviser seeks to allocate portfolio transactions equitably whenever concurrent decisions are made to purchase or sell securities for a Fund and any Other Account. To the extent that the Adviser seeks to acquire the same security at the same time for more than one client account, it may not be possible to acquire a sufficiently large quantity of the security, or the price at which the security is obtained for clients may vary. Similarly, clients may not be able to obtain the same price for, or as large an execution of, an order to sell a particular security when the Adviser is trading for more than one account at the same time. If the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers manage accounts that engage in short sales of securities of the type in which a Fund invests, the Adviser and/or Sub-Advisers could be seen as harming the performance of the Fund for the benefit of the accounts engaging in short sales if the short sales cause the market value of the securities to fall. 

Transactions with Affiliates. The Adviser might purchase securities from underwriters or placement agents in which an affiliate is a member of a syndicate or selling group, as a result of which an affiliate might benefit from the purchase through receipt of a fee or otherwise. The Adviser will not purchase securities on behalf of a Fund from an affiliate that is acting as a manager of a syndicate or selling group. Purchases by the Adviser on behalf of a Fund from an affiliate acting as a placement agent must meet the requirements of applicable law. 

Furthermore, Morgan Stanley may face conflicts of interest when a Fund uses service providers affiliated with Morgan Stanley because Morgan Stanley receives greater overall fees when they are used.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

No financial information is presented for the Funds because they have not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI. Financial information will be provided in the first report to shareholders of each Fund after commencement of operations.

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APPENDIX A — MORGAN STANLEY INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT PROXY VOTING POLICY AND PROCEDURES 

I. POLICY STATEMENT 

Morgan Stanley Investment Management’s (“MSIM”) policy and procedures for voting proxies (“Policy”) with respect to securities held in the accounts of clients applies to those MSIM entities that provide discretionary investment management services and for which an MSIM entity has authority to vote proxies. This Policy is reviewed and updated as necessary to address new and evolving proxy voting issues and standards. 

The MSIM entities covered by this Policy currently include the following: Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP, Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc., Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited, Morgan Stanley Investment Management Company, Morgan Stanley Investment Management (Japan) Co. Limited and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Private Limited (each a “MSIM Affiliate” and collectively referred to as the “MSIM Affiliates” or as “we” below). 

Each MSIM Affiliate will use its best efforts to vote proxies as part of its authority to manage, acquire and dispose of account assets. With respect to the registered management investment companies sponsored, managed or advised by any MSIM affiliate (the “MSIM Funds”), each MSIM Affiliate will vote proxies under this Policy pursuant to authority granted under its applicable investment advisory agreement or, in the absence of such authority, as authorized by the Board of Directors/Trustees of the MSIM Funds. A MSIM Affiliate will not vote proxies unless the investment management or investment advisory agreement explicitly authorizes the MSIM Affiliate to vote proxies. 

MSIM Affiliates will vote proxies in a prudent and diligent manner and in the best interests of clients, including beneficiaries of and participants in a client’s benefit plan(s) for which the MSIM Affiliates manage assets, consistent with the objective of maximizing long-term investment returns (“Client Proxy Standard”). In addition to voting proxies at portfolio companies, MSIM routinely engages with the management or board of companies in which we invest on a range of governance issues. Governance is a window into or proxy for management and board quality. MSIM engages with companies where we have larger positions, voting issues are material or where we believe we can make a positive impact on the governance structure. MSIM’s engagement process, through private communication with companies, allows us to understand the governance structures at investee companies and better inform our voting decisions. In certain situations, a client or its fiduciary may provide an MSIM Affiliate with a proxy voting policy. In these situations, the MSIM Affiliate will comply with the client’s policy. 

Retention and Oversight of Proxy Advisory Firms - Institutional Shareholder Services (“ISS”) and Glass Lewis (together with other proxy research providers as we may retain from time to time, the “Research Providers”) are independent advisers that specialize in providing a variety of fiduciary-level proxy-related services to institutional investment managers, plan sponsors, custodians, consultants, and other institutional investors. The services provided include in-depth research, global issuer analysis, and voting recommendations. 

MSIM has retained Research Providers to analyze proxy issues and to make vote recommendations on those issues. While we may review and utilize the recommendations of one or more Research Providers in making proxy voting decisions, we are in no way obligated to follow such recommendations. MSIM votes all proxies based on its own proxy voting policies in the best interests of each client. In addition to research, ISS provides vote execution, reporting, and recordkeeping services to MSIM. 

As part of MSIM’s ongoing oversight of the Research Providers, MSIM performs periodic due diligence on the Research Providers. Topics of the reviews include, but are not limited to, conflicts of interest, methodologies for developing their policies and vote recommendations, and resources.

Voting Proxies for Certain Non-U.S. Companies - Voting proxies of companies located in some jurisdictions may involve several problems that can restrict or prevent the ability to vote such proxies or entail significant costs. These problems include, but are not limited to: (i) proxy statements and ballots being written in a language other than English; (ii) untimely and/or inadequate notice of shareholder meetings; (iii) restrictions on the ability of holders outside the issuer’s jurisdiction of organization to exercise votes; (iv) requirements to vote proxies in person; (v) the imposition of restrictions on the sale of the securities for a period of time in proximity to the shareholder meeting; and (vi) requirements to provide local agents with power of attorney to facilitate our voting instructions. As a result, we vote clients’ non-U.S. proxies on a best efforts basis only, after weighing the costs and benefits of voting such proxies, consistent with the Client Proxy Standard. ISS has been retained to provide assistance in connection with voting non-U.S. proxies. 

Securities Lending - MSIM Funds or any other investment vehicle sponsored, managed or advised by a MSIM affiliate may participate in a securities lending program through a third party provider. The voting rights for shares that are out on loan are transferred to the borrower and therefore, the lender (i.e., a MSIM Fund or another investment vehicle sponsored, managed or advised by a MSIM affiliate) is not entitled to vote the lent shares at the company meeting. In general, MSIM believes the revenue received from the lending program outweighs the ability to vote and we will not recall shares for the purpose of voting. However, in cases in which MSIM believes the right to vote outweighs the revenue received, we reserve the right to recall the shares on loan on a best efforts basis. 

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II. GENERAL PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES 

To promote consistency in voting proxies on behalf of our clients, we follow this Policy (subject to any exception set forth herein). The Policy addresses a broad range of issues, and provides general voting parameters on proposals that arise most frequently. However, details of specific proposals vary, and those details affect particular voting decisions, as do factors specific to a given company. Pursuant to the procedures set forth herein, we may vote in a manner that is not in accordance with the following general guidelines, provided the vote is approved by the Proxy Review Committee (see Section III for description) and is consistent with the Client Proxy Standard. Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP will follow the procedures as described in Appendix A. 

We endeavor to integrate governance and proxy voting policy with investment goals, using the vote to encourage portfolio companies to enhance long-term shareholder value and to provide a high standard of transparency such that equity markets can value corporate assets appropriately. 

We seek to follow the Client Proxy Standard for each client. At times, this may result in split votes, for example when different clients have varying economic interests in the outcome of a particular voting matter (such as a case in which varied ownership interests in two companies involved in a merger result in different stakes in the outcome). We also may split votes at times based on differing views of portfolio managers. 

We may abstain on matters for which disclosure is inadequate. 

A. Routine Matters 

We generally support routine management proposals. The following are examples of routine management proposals:

 

Approval of financial statements and auditor reports if delivered with an unqualified auditor’s opinion.

 

General updating/corrective amendments to the charter, articles of association or bylaws, unless we believe that such amendments would diminish shareholder rights.

 

Most proposals related to the conduct of the annual meeting, with the following exceptions. We generally oppose proposals that relate to “the transaction of such other business which may come before the meeting,” and open-ended requests for adjournment. However, where management specifically states the reason for requesting an adjournment and the requested adjournment would facilitate passage of a proposal that would otherwise be supported under this Policy (i.e., an uncontested corporate transaction), the adjournment request will be supported. We do not support proposals that allow companies to call a special meeting with a short (generally two weeks or less) time frame for review.
 

We generally support shareholder proposals advocating confidential voting procedures and independent tabulation of voting results. 

B. Board of Directors 

 

1 Election of directors: Votes on board nominees can involve balancing a variety of considerations. In vote decisions, we may take into consideration whether the company has a majority voting policy in place that we believe makes the director vote more meaningful. In the absence of a proxy contest, we generally support the board’s nominees for director except as follows:

 

  1 We consider withholding support from or voting against a nominee if we believe a direct conflict exists between the interests of the nominee and the public shareholders, including failure to meet fiduciary standards of care and/or loyalty. We may oppose directors where we conclude that actions of directors are unlawful, unethical or negligent. We consider opposing individual board members or an entire slate if we believe the board is entrenched and/or dealing inadequately with performance problems; if we believe the board is acting with insufficient independence between the board and management; or if we believe the board has not been sufficiently forthcoming with information on key governance or other material matters.

 

  2 We consider withholding support from or voting against interested directors if the company’s board does not meet market standards for director independence, or if otherwise we believe board independence is insufficient. We refer to prevalent market standards as promulgated by a stock exchange or other authority within a given market (e.g., New York Stock Exchange or Nasdaq rules for most U.S. companies, and The Combined Code on Corporate Governance in the United Kingdom). Thus, for an NYSE company with no controlling shareholder, we would expect that at a minimum a majority of directors should be independent as defined by NYSE. Where we view market standards as inadequate, we may withhold votes based on stronger independence standards. Market standards notwithstanding, we generally do not view long board tenure alone as a basis to classify a director as non-independent.

 

    1 At a company with a shareholder or group that controls the company by virtue of a majority economic interest in the company, we have a reduced expectation for board independence, although we believe the presence of independent directors can be helpful, particularly in staffing the audit committee, and at times we may withhold support from or vote against a nominee on the view the board or its committees are not sufficiently independent. In markets where board independence is not the norm (e.g. Japan), however, we consider factors including whether a board of a controlled company includes independent members who can be expected to look out for interests of minority holders.

 

    2 We consider withholding support from or voting against a nominee if he or she is affiliated with a major shareholder that has representation on a board disproportionate to its economic interest.
 

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  3 Depending on market standards, we consider withholding support from or voting against a nominee who is interested and who is standing for election as a member of the company’s compensation/remuneration, nominating/governance or audit committee.

 

  4 We consider withholding support from or voting against nominees if the term for which they are nominated is excessive. We consider this issue on a market-specific basis.

 

  5 We consider withholding support from or voting against nominees if, in our view, there has been insufficient board renewal (turnover), particularly in the context of extended poor company performance.

 

  6 We consider withholding support from or voting against a nominee standing for election if the board has not taken action to implement generally accepted governance practices for which there is a “bright line” test. For example, in the context of the U.S. market, failure to eliminate a dead hand or slow hand poison pill would be seen as a basis for opposing one or more incumbent nominees.

 

  7 In markets that encourage designated audit committee financial experts, we consider voting against members of an audit committee if no members are designated as such. We also consider voting against the audit committee members if the company has faced financial reporting issues and/or does not put the auditor up for ratification by shareholders.

 

  8 We believe investors should have the ability to vote on individual nominees, and may abstain or vote against a slate of nominees where we are not given the opportunity to vote on individual nominees.

 

  9 We consider withholding support from or voting against a nominee who has failed to attend at least 75% of the nominee’s board and board committee meetings within a given year without a reasonable excuse. We also consider opposing nominees if the company does not meet market standards for disclosure on attendance.

 

  10 We consider withholding support from or voting against a nominee who appears overcommitted, particularly through service on an excessive number of boards. Market expectations are incorporated into this analysis; for U.S. boards, we generally oppose election of a nominee who serves on more than five public company boards (excluding investment companies), or public company CEOs that serve on more than two outside boards given the level of time commitment required in their primary job.

 

  11 We consider withholding support from or voting against a nominee where we believe executive remuneration practices are poor, particularly if the company does not offer shareholders a separate “say-on-pay” advisory vote on pay.

 

2 Discharge of directors’ duties: In markets where an annual discharge of directors’ responsibility is a routine agenda item, we generally support such discharge. However, we may vote against discharge or abstain from voting where there are serious findings of fraud or other unethical behavior for which the individual bears responsibility. The annual discharge of responsibility represents shareholder approval of disclosed actions taken by the board during the year and may make future shareholder action against the board difficult to pursue.

 

3 Board independence: We generally support U.S. shareholder proposals requiring that a certain percentage (up to 662/3%) of the company’s board members be independent directors, and promoting all-independent audit, compensation and nominating/governance committees.

 

4 Board diversity: We consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder proposals urging diversity of board membership with respect to gender, race or other factors.

 

5 Majority voting: We generally support proposals requesting or requiring majority voting policies in election of directors, so long as there is a carve-out for plurality voting in the case of contested elections.

 

6 Proxy access: We consider proposals on procedures for inclusion of shareholder nominees and to have those nominees included in the company’s proxy statement and on the company’s proxy ballot on a case-by-case basis. Considerations include ownership thresholds, holding periods, the number of directors that shareholders may nominate and any restrictions on forming a group

 

7 Reimbursement for dissident nominees: We generally support well-crafted U.S. shareholder proposals that would provide for reimbursement of dissident nominees elected to a board, as the cost to shareholders in electing such nominees can be factored into the voting decision on those nominees.

 

8 Proposals to elect directors more frequently: In the U.S. public company context, we usually support shareholder and management proposals to elect all directors annually (to “declassify” the board), although we make an exception to this policy where we believe that long-term shareholder value may be harmed by this change given particular circumstances at the company at the time of the vote on such proposal. As indicated above, outside the United States, we generally support greater accountability to shareholders that comes through more frequent director elections, but recognize that many markets embrace longer term lengths, sometimes for valid reasons given other aspects of the legal context in electing boards.

 

9 Cumulative voting: We generally support proposals to eliminate cumulative voting in the U.S. market context. (Cumulative voting provides that shareholders may concentrate their votes for one or a handful of candidates, a system that can enable a minority bloc to place representation on a board.) U.S. proposals to establish cumulative voting in the election of directors generally will not be supported.

 

10 Separation of Chairman and CEO positions: We vote on shareholder proposals to separate the Chairman and CEO positions and/
 

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or to appoint an independent Chairman based in part on prevailing practice in particular markets, since the context for such a practice varies. In many non-U.S. markets, we view separation of the roles as a market standard practice, and support division of the roles in that context. In the United States, we consider such proposals on a case-by-case basis, considering, among other things, the existing board leadership structure, company performance, and any evidence of entrenchment or perceived risk that power is overly concentrated in a single individual.

 

11 Director retirement age and term limits: Proposals setting or recommending director retirement ages or director term limits are voted on a case-by-case basis that includes consideration of company performance, the rate of board renewal, evidence of effective individual director evaluation processes, and any indications of entrenchment...

 

12 Proposals to limit directors’ liability and/or broaden indemnification of officers and directors. Generally, we will support such proposals provided that an individual is eligible only if he or she has not acted in bad faith, with gross negligence or with reckless disregard of their duties.
 

C. Statutory Auditor Boards 

The statutory auditor board, which is separate from the main board of directors, plays a role in corporate governance in several markets. These boards are elected by shareholders to provide assurance on compliance with legal and accounting standards and the company’s articles of association. We generally vote for statutory auditor nominees if they meet independence standards. In markets that require disclosure on attendance by internal statutory auditors, however, we consider voting against nominees for these positions who failed to attend at least 75% of meetings in the previous year. We also consider opposing nominees if the company does not meet market standards for disclosure on attendance. 

D. Corporate Transactions and Proxy Fights 

We examine proposals relating to mergers, acquisitions and other special corporate transactions (i.e., takeovers, spin-offs, sales of assets, reorganizations, restructurings and recapitalizations) on a case-by-case basis in the interests of each fund or other account. Proposals for mergers or other significant transactions that are friendly and approved by the Research Providers usually are supported if there is no portfolio manager objection. We also analyze proxy contests on a case-by-case basis. 

E. Changes in Capital Structure 

 

We generally support the following:

 

  Management and shareholder proposals aimed at eliminating unequal voting rights, assuming fair economic treatment of classes of shares we hold.

 

  U.S. management proposals to increase the authorization of existing classes of common stock (or securities convertible into common stock) if: (i) a clear business purpose is stated that we can support and the number of shares requested is reasonable in relation to the purpose for which authorization is requested; and/or (ii) the authorization does not exceed 100% of shares currently authorized and at least 30% of the total new authorization will be outstanding. (We consider proposals that do not meet these criteria on a case-by-case basis.)

 

  U.S. management proposals to create a new class of preferred stock or for issuances of preferred stock up to 50% of issued capital, unless we have concerns about use of the authority for anti-takeover purposes.

 

  Proposals in non-U.S. markets that in our view appropriately limit potential dilution of existing shareholders. A major consideration is whether existing shareholders would have preemptive rights for any issuance under a proposal for standing share issuance authority. We generally consider market-specific guidance in making these decisions; for example, in the U.K. market we usually follow Association of British Insurers’ (“ABI”) guidance, although company-specific factors may be considered and for example, may sometimes lead us to voting against share authorization proposals even if they meet ABI guidance.

 

  Management proposals to authorize share repurchase plans, except in some cases in which we believe there are insufficient protections against use of an authorization for anti-takeover purposes.

 

  Management proposals to reduce the number of authorized shares of common or preferred stock, or to eliminate classes of preferred stock.

 

  Management proposals to effect stock splits.

 

  Management proposals to effect reverse stock splits if management proportionately reduces the authorized share amount set forth in the corporate charter. Reverse stock splits that do not adjust proportionately to the authorized share amount generally will be approved if the resulting increase in authorized shares coincides with the proxy guidelines set forth above for common stock increases.

 

  Management dividend payout proposals, except where we perceive company payouts to shareholders as inadequate.

 

We generally oppose the following (notwithstanding management support):

 

  Proposals to add classes of stock that would substantially dilute the voting interests of existing shareholders.
 

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  Proposals to increase the authorized or issued number of shares of existing classes of stock that are unreasonably dilutive, particularly if there are no preemptive rights for existing shareholders. However, depending on market practices, we consider voting for proposals giving general authorization for issuance of shares not subject to pre-emptive rights if the authority is limited.

 

  Proposals that authorize share issuance at a discount to market rates, except where authority for such issuance is de minimis, or if there is a special situation that we believe justifies such authorization (as may be the case, for example, at a company under severe stress and risk of bankruptcy).

 

  Proposals relating to changes in capitalization by 100% or more.
 

We consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder proposals to increase dividend payout ratios, in light of market practice and perceived market weaknesses, as well as individual company payout history and current circumstances. For example, currently we perceive low payouts to shareholders as a concern at some Japanese companies, but may deem a low payout ratio as appropriate for a growth company making good use of its cash, notwithstanding the broader market concern. 

F. Takeover Defenses and Shareholder Rights 

 

1 Shareholder rights plans: We generally support proposals to require shareholder approval or ratification of shareholder rights plans (poison pills). In voting on rights plans or similar takeover defenses, we consider on a case-by-case basis whether the company has demonstrated a need for the defense in the context of promoting long-term share value; whether provisions of the defense are in line with generally accepted governance principles in the market (and specifically the presence of an adequate qualified offer provision that would exempt offers meeting certain conditions from the pill); and the specific context if the proposal is made in the midst of a takeover bid or contest for control.

 

2 Supermajority voting requirements: We generally oppose requirements for supermajority votes to amend the charter or bylaws, unless the provisions protect minority shareholders where there is a large shareholder. In line with this view, in the absence of a large shareholder we support reasonable shareholder proposals to limit such supermajority voting requirements. Also, we oppose provisions that do not allow shareholders any right to amend the charter or bylaws.

 

3 Shareholders right to call a special meeting: We consider proposals to enhance a shareholder’s rights to call meetings on a case-by-case basis. At large-cap U.S. companies, we generally support efforts to establish the right of holders of 10% or more of shares to call special meetings, unless the board or state law has set a policy or law establishing such rights at a threshold that we believe to be acceptable.

 

4 Written consent rights: In the U.S. context, we examine proposals for shareholder written consent rights on a case-by-case basis.

 

5 Reincorporation: We consider management and shareholder proposals to reincorporate to a different jurisdiction on a case-by-case basis. We oppose such proposals if we believe the main purpose is to take advantage of laws or judicial precedents that reduce shareholder rights.

 

6 Anti-greenmail provisions: Proposals relating to the adoption of anti-greenmail provisions will be supported, provided that the proposal: (i) defines greenmail; (ii) prohibits buyback offers to large block holders (holders of at least 1% of the outstanding shares and in certain cases, a greater amount) not made to all shareholders or not approved by disinterested shareholders; and (iii) contains no anti-takeover measures or other provisions restricting the rights of shareholders.

 

7 Bundled proposals: We may consider opposing or abstaining on proposals if disparate issues are “bundled” and presented for a single vote.
 

G. Auditors 

We generally support management proposals for selection or ratification of independent auditors. However, we may consider opposing such proposals with reference to incumbent audit firms if the company has suffered from serious accounting irregularities and we believe rotation of the audit firm is appropriate, or if fees paid to the auditor for non-audit-related services are excessive. Generally, to determine if non-audit fees are excessive, a 50% test will be applied (i.e., non-audit-related fees should be less than 50% of the total fees paid to the auditor). We generally vote against proposals to indemnify auditors. 

H. Executive and Director Remuneration 

 

1 We generally support the following:

 

  Proposals for employee equity compensation plans and other employee ownership plans, provided that our research does not indicate that approval of the plan would be against shareholder interest. Such approval may be against shareholder interest if it authorizes excessive dilution and shareholder cost, particularly in the context of high usage (“run rate”) of equity compensation in the recent past; or if there are objectionable plan design and provisions.

 

  Proposals relating to fees to outside directors, provided the amounts are not excessive relative to other companies in the country or industry, and provided that the structure is appropriate within the market context. While stock-based compensation to outside directors is positive if moderate and appropriately structured, we are wary of significant stock option awards or other
 

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  performance-based awards for outside directors, as well as provisions that could result in significant forfeiture of value on a director’s decision to resign from a board (such forfeiture can undercut director independence).

 

  Proposals for employee stock purchase plans that permit discounts, but only for grants that are part of a broad-based employee plan, including all non-executive employees, and only if the discounts are limited to a reasonable market standard or less.

 

  Proposals for the establishment of employee retirement and severance plans, provided that our research does not indicate that approval of the plan would be against shareholder interest.

 

2 We generally oppose retirement plans and bonuses for non-executive directors and independent statutory auditors.

 

3 In the U.S. context, we generally vote against shareholder proposals requiring shareholder approval of all severance agreements, but we generally support proposals that require shareholder approval for agreements in excess of three times the annual compensation (salary and bonus) or proposals that require companies to adopt a provision requiring an executive to receive accelerated vesting of equity awards if there is a change of control and the executive is terminated. We generally oppose shareholder proposals that would establish arbitrary caps on pay. We consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder proposals that seek to limit Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans (SERPs), but support such shareholder proposals where we consider SERPs excessive.

 

4 Shareholder proposals advocating stronger and/or particular pay-for-performance models will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis, with consideration of the merits of the individual proposal within the context of the particular company and its labor markets, and the company’s current and past practices. While we generally support emphasis on long-term components of senior executive pay and strong linkage of pay to performance, we consider factors including whether a proposal may be overly prescriptive, and the impact of the proposal, if implemented as written, on recruitment and retention.

 

5 We generally support proposals advocating reasonable senior executive and director stock ownership guidelines and holding requirements for shares gained in executive equity compensation programs.

 

6 We generally support shareholder proposals for reasonable “claw-back” provisions that provide for company recovery of senior executive bonuses to the extent they were based on achieving financial benchmarks that were not actually met in light of subsequent restatements.

 

7 Management proposals effectively to re-price stock options are considered on a case-by-case basis. Considerations include the company’s reasons and justifications for a re-pricing, the company’s competitive position, whether senior executives and outside directors are excluded, potential cost to shareholders, whether the re-pricing or share exchange is on a value-for-value basis, and whether vesting requirements are extended.

 

8 Say-on-Pay: We consider proposals relating to an advisory vote on remuneration on a case-by-case basis. Considerations include a review of the relationship between executive remuneration and performance based on operating trends and total shareholder return over multiple performance periods. In addition, we review remuneration structures and potential poor pay practices, including relative magnitude of pay, discretionary bonus awards, tax gross ups, change-in-control features, internal pay equity and peer group construction. As long-term investors, we support remuneration policies that align with long-term shareholder returns.
 

I. Social and Environmental Issues

Shareholders in the United States and certain other markets submit proposals encouraging changes in company disclosure and practices related to particular social and environmental matters. We consider how to vote on the proposals on a case-by-case basis to determine likely impacts on shareholder value. We seek to balance concerns on reputational and other risks that lie behind a proposal against costs of implementation, while considering appropriate shareholder and management prerogatives. We may abstain from voting on proposals that do not have a readily determinable financial impact on shareholder value. We support proposals that, if implemented, would enhance useful disclosure, but we generally vote against proposals requesting reports that we believe are duplicative, related to matters not material to the business, or that would impose unnecessary or excessive costs. We believe that certain social and environmental shareholder proposals may intrude excessively on management prerogatives, which can lead us to oppose them.

J. Funds of Funds 

Certain MSIM Funds advised by an MSIM Affiliate invest only in other MSIM Funds. If an underlying fund has a shareholder meeting, in order to avoid any potential conflict of interest, such proposals will be voted in the same proportion as the votes of the other shareholders of the underlying fund, unless otherwise determined by the Proxy Review Committee. In markets where proportional voting is not available we will not vote at the meeting, unless otherwise determined by the Proxy Review Committee. Other MSIM Funds invest in unaffiliated funds. If an unaffiliated underlying fund has a shareholder meeting and the MSIM Fund owns more than 25% of the voting shares of the underlying fund, the MSIM Fund will vote its shares in the unaffiliated underlying fund in the same proportion as the votes of the other shareholders of the underlying fund to the extent possible.

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III. ADMINISTRATION OF POLICY 

The MSIM Proxy Review Committee (the “Committee”) has overall responsibility for the Policy. The Committee consists of investment professionals who represent the different investment disciplines and geographic locations of the firm, and is chaired by the director of the Corporate Governance Team (“CGT”). Because proxy voting is an investment responsibility and impacts shareholder value, and because of their knowledge of companies and markets, portfolio managers and other members of investment staff play a key role in proxy voting, although the Committee has final authority over proxy votes. 

The CGT Director is responsible for identifying issues that require Committee deliberation or ratification. The CGT, working with advice of investment teams and the Committee, is responsible for voting on routine items and on matters that can be addressed in line with these Policy guidelines. The CGT has responsibility for voting case-by-case where guidelines and precedent provide adequate guidance. 

The Committee will periodically review and have the authority to amend, as necessary, the Policy and establish and direct voting positions consistent with the Client Proxy Standard. 

CGT and members of the Committee may take into account Research Providers’ recommendations and research as well as any other relevant information they may request or receive, including portfolio manager and/or analyst comments and research, as applicable. Generally, proxies related to securities held in accounts that are managed pursuant to quantitative, index or index-like strategies (“Index Strategies”) will be voted in the same manner as those held in actively managed accounts, unless economic interests of the accounts differ. Because accounts managed using Index Strategies are passively managed accounts, research from portfolio managers and/or analysts related to securities held in these accounts may not be available. If the affected securities are held only in accounts that are managed pursuant to Index Strategies, and the proxy relates to a matter that is not described in this Policy, the CGT will consider all available information from the Research Providers, and to the extent that the holdings are significant, from the portfolio managers and/or analysts. 

A. Committee Procedures 

The Committee meets at least quarterly, and reviews and considers changes to the Policy at least annually. Through meetings and/or written communications, the Committee is responsible for monitoring and ratifying “split votes” (i.e., allowing certain shares of the same issuer that are the subject of the same proxy solicitation and held by one or more MSIM portfolios to be voted differently than other shares) and/or “override voting” (i.e., voting all MSIM portfolio shares in a manner contrary to the Policy). The Committee will review developing issues and approve upcoming votes, as appropriate, for matters as requested by CGT. 

The Committee reserves the right to review voting decisions at any time and to make voting decisions as necessary to ensure the independence and integrity of the votes. 

B. Material Conflicts of Interest 

In addition to the procedures discussed above, if the CGT Director determines that an issue raises a material conflict of interest, the CGT Director may request a special committee to review, and recommend a course of action with respect to, the conflict(s) in question (“Special Committee”). 

A potential material conflict of interest could exist in the following situations, among others:

 

1 The issuer soliciting the vote is a client of MSIM or an affiliate of MSIM and the vote is on a matter that materially affects the issuer.

 

2 The proxy relates to Morgan Stanley common stock or any other security issued by Morgan Stanley or its affiliates except if echo voting is used, as with MSIM Funds, as described herein.

 

3 Morgan Stanley has a material pecuniary interest in the matter submitted for a vote (e.g., acting as a financial advisor to a party to a merger or acquisition for which Morgan Stanley will be paid a success fee if completed).

 

4 One of Morgan Stanley’s independent directors or one of MSIM Funds’ directors also serves on the board of directors or is a nominee for election to the board of directors of a company held by a MSIM Fund or affiliate.
 

If the CGT Director determines that an issue raises a potential material conflict of interest, depending on the facts and circumstances, the issue will be addressed as follows:

 

1 If the matter relates to a topic that is discussed in this Policy, the proposal will be voted as per the Policy.

 

2 If the matter is not discussed in this Policy or the Policy indicates that the issue is to be decided case-by-case, the proposal will be voted in a manner consistent with the Research Providers, provided that all the Research Providers consulted have the same recommendation, no portfolio manager objects to that vote, and the vote is consistent with MSIM’s Client Proxy Standard.

 

3 If the Research Providers’ recommendations differ, the CGT Director will refer the matter to a Special Committee to vote on the proposal, as appropriate.
 

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Any Special Committee shall be comprised of the CGT Director, and at least two portfolio managers (preferably members of the Committee), as approved by the Committee. The CGT Director may request non-voting participation by MSIM’s General Counsel or his/her designee and the Chief Compliance Officer or his/her designee. In addition to the research provided by Research Providers, the Special Committee may request analysis from MSIM Affiliate investment professionals and outside sources to the extent it deems appropriate.

C. Proxy Voting Reporting 

The CGT will document in writing all Committee and Special Committee decisions and actions, which documentation will be maintained by the CGT for a period of at least six years. To the extent these decisions relate to a security held by an MSIM Fund, the CGT will report the decisions to each applicable Board of Trustees/Directors of those Funds at each Board’s next regularly scheduled Board meeting. The report will contain information concerning decisions made during the most recently ended calendar quarter immediately preceding the Board meeting. 

MSIM will promptly provide a copy of this Policy to any client requesting it. MSIM will also, upon client request, promptly provide a report indicating how each proxy was voted with respect to securities held in that client’s account. 

MSIM’s Legal Department is responsible for filing an annual Form N-PX on behalf of each MSIM Fund for which such filing is required, indicating how all proxies were voted with respect to such Fund’s holdings. 

Approved by the Board September 2015, September 27-28, 2016 and September 27-28, 2017.

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APPENDIX A 

Appendix A applies to the following accounts managed by Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP (i) closed-end funds registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended; (ii) discretionary separate accounts; (iii) unregistered funds; and (iv) non-discretionary accounts offered in connection with AIP’s Custom Advisory Portfolio Solutions service. 

Generally, AIP will follow the guidelines set forth in Section II of MSIM’s Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures. To the extent that such guidelines do not provide specific direction, or AIP determines that consistent with the Client Proxy Standard, the guidelines should not be followed, the Proxy Review Committee has delegated the voting authority to vote securities held by accounts managed by AIP to the Fund of Hedge Funds investment team, the Private Equity Fund of Funds investment team the Private Equity Real Estate Fund of Funds investment team or the Portfolio Solutions team of AIP. A summary of decisions made by the applicable investment teams will be made available to the Proxy Review Committee for its information at the next scheduled meeting of the Proxy Review Committee. 

In certain cases, AIP may determine to abstain from determining (or recommending) how a proxy should be voted (and therefore abstain from voting such proxy or recommending how such proxy should be voted), such as where the expected cost of giving due consideration to the proxy does not justify the potential benefits to the affected account(s) that might result from adopting or rejecting (as the case may be) the measure in question.

Waiver of Voting Rights 

For regulatory reasons, AIP may either 1) invest in a class of securities of an underlying fund (the “Fund”) that does not provide for voting rights; or 2) waive 100% of its voting rights with respect to the following:

 

1 Any rights with respect to the removal or replacement of a director, general partner, managing member or other person acting in a similar capacity for or on behalf of the Fund (each individually a “Designated Person,” and collectively, the “Designated Persons”), which may include, but are not limited to, voting on the election or removal of a Designated Person in the event of such Designated Person’s death, disability, insolvency, bankruptcy, incapacity, or other event requiring a vote of interest holders of the Fund to remove or replace a Designated Person; and

 

2 Any rights in connection with a determination to renew, dissolve, liquidate, or otherwise terminate or continue the Fund, which may include, but are not limited to, voting on the renewal, dissolution, liquidation, termination or continuance of the Fund upon the occurrence of an event described in the Fund’s organizational documents; provided, however, that, if the Fund’s organizational documents require the consent of the Fund’s general partner or manager, as the case may be, for any such termination or continuation of the Fund to be effective, then AIP may exercise its voting rights with respect to such matter.
 

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APPENDIX B — DESCRIPTION OF RATINGS 

Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services 

An S&P Global Ratings issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The opinion reflects S&P Global Ratings’ view of the obligor’s capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due, and may assess terms, such as collateral security and subordination, which could affect ultimate payment in the event of default. 

Issue credit ratings can be either long-term or short-term. Short-term ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market. In the U.S., for example, that means obligations with an original maturity of no more than 365 days—including commercial paper. Short-term ratings are also used to indicate the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put features on long-term obligations. Medium-term notes are assigned long-term ratings. 

I. S&P’s Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings

AAA: An obligation rated ‘AAA’ has the highest rating assigned by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is extremely strong. 

AA: An obligation rated ‘AA’ differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is very strong. 

A: An obligation rated ‘A’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is still strong. 

BBB: An obligation rated ‘BBB’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to weaken the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. 

BB; B; CCC; CC; and C: Obligations rated ‘BB’, ‘B’, ‘CCC’, ‘CC’, and ‘C’ are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. ‘BB’ indicates the least degree of speculation and ‘C’ the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposure to adverse conditions. 

BB: An obligation rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions that could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. 

B: An obligation rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. 

CCC: An obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. 

CC: An obligation rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The ‘CC’ rating is used when a default has not yet occurred but S&P Global Ratings expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default. 

C: An obligation rated ‘C’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared with obligations that are rated higher. 

D: An obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P Global Ratings believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation’s rating is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer. 

NR: This indicates that no rating has been requested, or that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that S&P Global Ratings does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy. 

Note: The ratings from ‘AA’ to ‘CCC’ may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

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II. S&P’s Short-Term Issue Credit Ratings

A-1: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-1’ is rated in the highest category by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on these obligations is extremely strong. 

A-2: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-2’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is satisfactory. 

A-3: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-3’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to weaken an obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. 

B: A short-term obligation rated ‘B’ is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties that could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments. 

C: A short-term obligation rated ‘C’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. 

D: A short-term obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P Global Ratings believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation’s rating is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.

Moody’s Investors, Inc.

Ratings assigned on Moody’s global long-term and short-term rating scales are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risks of financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities. Long-term ratings are assigned to issuers or obligations with an original maturity of one year or more and reflect both on the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default. Short-term ratings are assigned to obligations with an original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect both on the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default. 

I. Moody’s Global Long-Term Rating Scale

Aaa: Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk. 

Aa: Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk. 

A: Obligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk. 

Baa: Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics. 

Ba: Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk. 

B: Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk. 

Caa: Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk. 

Ca: Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest. 

C: Obligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest. 

Note: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category. Additionally, a “(hyb)” indicator is appended to all ratings of hybrid securities issued by banks, insurers, finance companies, and securities firms. 

II. Moody’s Global Short-Term Rating Scale

P-1: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations. 

P-2: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations. 

P-3: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations. 

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NP: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories. 

Fitch Ratings Inc. 

Fitch Ratings’ credit ratings provide an opinion on the relative ability of an entity to meet financial commitments, such as interest, preferred dividends, repayment of principal, insurance claims or counterparty obligations. Credit ratings are used by investors as indications of the likelihood of receiving the money owed to them in accordance with the terms on which they invested. The agency’s credit ratings cover the global spectrum of corporate, sovereign (including supranational and sub-national), financial, bank, insurance, municipal and other public finance entities and the securities or other obligations they issue, as well as structured finance securities backed by receivables or other financial assets. 

I. Fitch’s Long-Term Issuer Credit Rating Scales

AAA: Highest credit quality. ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of default risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events. 

AA: Very high credit quality. ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low default risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events. 

A: High credit quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low default risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings. 

BBB: Good credit quality. ‘BBB’ ratings indicate that expectations of default risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity. 

BB: Speculative. ‘BB’ ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to default risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial flexibility exists that supports the servicing of financial commitments. 

B: Highly speculative. ‘B’ ratings indicate that material default risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic environment. 

CCC: Substantial credit risk. Default is a real possibility. 

CC: Very high levels of credit risk. Default of some kind appears probable. 

C: Near default. A default or default-like process has begun, or the issuer is in standstill, or for a closed funding vehicle, payment capacity is irrevocably impaired. Conditions that are indicative of a ‘C’ category rating for an issuer include: a. the issuer has entered into a grace or cure period following non-payment of a material financial obligation; b. the issuer has entered into a temporary negotiated waiver or standstill agreement following a payment default on a material financial obligation; c. the formal announcement by the issuer or their agent of a distressed debt exchange; d. a closed financing vehicle where payment capacity is irrevocably impaired such that it is not expected to pay interest and/or principal in full during the life of the transaction, but where no payment default is imminent. 

RD: Restricted default. ‘RD’ ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch Ratings’ opinion has experienced an uncured payment default on a bond, loan or other material financial obligation but which has not entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, and which has not otherwise ceased operating. This would include: a. the selective payment default on a specific class or currency of debt; b. the uncured expiry of any applicable grace period, cure period or default forbearance period following a payment default on a bank loan, capital markets security or other material financial obligation; c. the extension of multiple waivers or forbearance periods upon a payment default on one or more material financial obligations, either in series or in parallel; or d. ordinary execution of a distressed debt exchange on one or more material financial obligations. 

D: Default. ‘D’ ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch’s opinion has entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure or that has otherwise ceased business. 

Default ratings are not assigned prospectively to entities or their obligations; within this context, non-payment on an instrument that contains a deferral feature or grace period will generally not be considered a default until after the expiration of the deferral or grace period, unless a default is otherwise driven by bankruptcy or other similar circumstance, or by a distressed debt exchange. 

“Imminent” default typically refers to the occasion where a payment default has been intimated by the issuer, and is all but inevitable. This may, for example, be where an issuer has missed a scheduled payment, but (as is typical) has a grace period during which it may cure the payment default. Another alternative would be where an issuer has formally announced a distressed debt exchange, but the date of the exchange still lies several days or weeks in the immediate future. 

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In all cases, the assignment of a default rating reflects the agency’s opinion as to the most appropriate rating category consistent with the rest of its universe of ratings and may differ from the definition of default under the terms of an issuer’s financial obligations or local commercial practice. 

Note: The modifiers “+” or “-“ may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ Long-Term Issuer Default Ratings category, or to Long-Term Issuer Default Ratings categories below ‘B’.

II. Fitch’s Short-Term Ratings Assigned to Issuers or Obligations in Corporate, Public and Structure Finance

F1: Highest short-term credit quality. Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature. 

F2: Good short-term credit quality. Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments. 

F3: Fair short-term credit quality. The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate. 

B: Speculative short-term credit quality. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions. 

C: High short-term default risk. Default is a real possibility. 

RD: Restricted default. Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Typically applicable to entity ratings only. 

D: Default. Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation. 

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MORGAN STANLEY INSTITUTIONAL FUND, INC.

PART C

OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 28. Exhibits

 

(a)   (1)   Articles of Amendment and Restatement, dated September 20, 1995, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1(a) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 26 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on October 13, 1995.
     
(2)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (reclassifying shares), dated December 18, 1995, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 30 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 24, 1996.
     
(3)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding new Technology Portfolio), dated May 2, 1996, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1(c) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 30 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 24, 1996.
     
(4)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding U.S. Equity Plus Portfolio), dated May 21, 1997, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1(d) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 38 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on February 27, 1998.
     
(5)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding European Real Estate and Asian Real Estate Portfolios), dated June 10, 1997, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1(e) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 38 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on February 27, 1998.
     
(6)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Class B shares to the Money Market Portfolio), dated December 16, 1997, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1(f) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 38 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on February 27, 1998.
     
(7)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (Active Country Allocation Portfolio name changed to Active International Portfolio), dated July 17, 1998, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(7) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 40 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on January 27, 1999.
     
(8)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (Active International Portfolio name changed to Active International Allocation Portfolio), dated August 6, 1998, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(8) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 40 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on January 27, 1999.
     
(9)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (changing corporate name to Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Institutional Fund, Inc.), dated November 20, 1998, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(9) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 40 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on January 27, 1999.
     
(10)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (Aggressive Equity Portfolio name changed to Focus Equity Portfolio and Emerging Growth Portfolio name changed to Small Company Growth Portfolio), dated September 24, 1999, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(10) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 43 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 1, 2000.
     
(11)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (changing corporate name to Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc., Global Equity Portfolio name changed to Global Value Equity Portfolio, European Equity Portfolio named changed to European Value Equity Portfolio and Japanese Equity Portfolio name changed to Japanese Value Equity Portfolio), dated April 23, 2001, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(11) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 45 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 30, 2001.

 

   

 

  

(12)   Articles of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (Fixed Income Portfolio name changed to Fixed Income III Portfolio, High Yield Portfolio name changed to High Yield II Portfolio and Global Fixed Income Portfolio name changed to Global Fixed Income II Portfolio), dated July 23, 2001, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a) (12) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 59 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 28, 2006.
     
(13)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding new Global Franchise Portfolio), dated October 18, 2001, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(7) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 48 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on November 26, 2001.
     
(14)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (liquidating Small Cap Value Equity Portfolio, Balanced Portfolio, Fixed Income Portfolio, High Yield Portfolio and Global Fixed Income Portfolio and adding Large Cap Relative Value Portfolio), dated June 6, 2003, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(13) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on June 6, 2003.
     
(15)   Certificate of Correction to the Articles Supplementary, dated March 21, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(15) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on July 18, 2007.
     
(16)   Certificate of Correction to the Articles Supplementary, dated April 26, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(14) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 53 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 29, 2005.
     
(17)   Certificate of Correction to the Articles Supplementary, dated April 26, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(15) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 53 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 29, 2005.
     
(18)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (liquidating the Asian Equity, Asian Real Estate, European Value Equity, Japanese Value Equity, Latin American and Technology Portfolios), dated April 26, 2005, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(16) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 53 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 29, 2005.
     
(19)   Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Amendment and Restatement (Large Cap Relative Value Portfolio name changed to Large Cap Value Portfolio and Value Equity Portfolio name changed to Large Cap Relative Value Portfolio), dated August 25, 2005, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(17) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 55 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on October 7, 2005.
     
(20)   Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Amendment and Restatement (European Real Estate Portfolio name changed to International Real Estate Portfolio), dated August 25, 2005, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(18) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 55 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on October 7, 2005.
     
(21)   Certificate of Correction to the Articles Supplementary, dated September 20, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(19) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 55 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on October 7, 2005.
     
(22)   Certificate of Correction to the Articles Supplementary, dated September 20, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(20) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 55 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on October 7, 2005.

 

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(23)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (changing the name of the Value Equity Portfolio to the Large Cap Relative Value Portfolio and the Equity Growth Portfolio to the U.S. Large Cap Growth Portfolio), dated September 20, 2005, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(21) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 55 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on October 7, 2005.
     
(24)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding International Growth Equity Portfolio), dated November 15, 2005, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(22) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 20, 2005.
     
(25)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (effecting a reverse stock split of the Emerging Markets Debt Portfolio), dated February 24, 2006, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a) (24) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 59 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 28, 2006.

 

(26)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Systematic Active Large Cap Core Portfolio, Systematic Active Small Cap Core Portfolio, Systematic Active Small Cap Value Portfolio and Systematic Active Small Cap Growth Portfolio), dated February 6, 2006, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a) (25) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 59 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 28, 2006.
     
(27)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Global Real Estate Portfolio), dated April 25, 2006, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a) (26) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 60 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 3, 2006.
     
(28)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (liquidating the assets of Municipal Money Market Portfolio and Money Market Portfolio), dated August 24, 2006, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(28) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on July 18, 2007.
     
(29)   Certificate of Correction to the Registrant’s Articles of Amendment, dated February 6, 2007, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(27) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 65 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2007.
     
(30)   Certificate of Correction to the Registrant’s Articles of Amendment, dated February 6, 2007, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(28) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 65 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2007.
     
(31)   Articles of Restatement, dated February 20, 2007, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(29) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 65 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2007.
     
(32)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Disciplined Large Cap Value Active Extension Portfolio and Systematic Large Cap Core Active Extension Portfolio), dated February 21, 2007, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(30) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 29, 2007.
     
(33)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding International Growth Active Extension Portfolio), dated April 25, 2007, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(31) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 69 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on July 10, 2007.

 

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(34)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding U.S. Small/Mid Cap Value Portfolio), dated September 26, 2007, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(34) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 71 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on September 26, 2007.
     
(35)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Class H shares to certain Portfolios), dated December 18, 2007, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(35) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 73 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 20, 2007.
     
(36)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement, (redesignating all Portfolios’ Class A and Class B shares as Class I and Class P shares, respectively), dated December 18, 2007, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(36) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 73 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 20, 2007.
     
(37)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (changing the name of the Focus Equity Portfolio to the Focus Growth Portfolio and the U.S. Large Cap Growth Portfolio to the Capital Growth Portfolio), dated April 22, 2008, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(37) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 75 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 28, 2008.
     
(38)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Class L shares to certain Portfolios), dated June 3, 2008, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(37) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on June 3, 2008.

 

(39)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (liquidating the assets of Systematic Active Large Cap Core, Systematic Active Small Cap Core, Systematic Active Small Cap Growth and Systematic Active Small Cap Value Portfolios), dated June 27, 2008, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(38) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 78 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on October 17, 2008.
     
(40)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (liquidating the assets of Disciplined Large Cap Value Active Extension and Systematic Large Cap Core Active Extension Portfolios), dated October 13, 2008, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(39) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 78 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on October 17, 2008.
     
(41)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (with respect to Class P shares of International Small Cap Portfolio), dated October 14, 2008, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(40) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 78 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on October 17, 2008.
     
(42)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (liquidating the assets of International Magnum Portfolio), dated April 16, 2009, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(42) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 79 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 28, 2009.
     
(43)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (liquidating the assets of International Growth Active Extension Portfolio), dated January 20, 2010, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(43) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 82 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on February 23, 2010.
     
(44)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (liquidating the assets of Global Value Equity Portfolio), dated January 20, 2010, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(44) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 82 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on February 23, 2010.
     
(45)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Advantage, Equity Growth, Global Growth and International Opportunity Portfolios), dated January 20, 2010, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(45) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 82 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on February 23, 2010.

 

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(46)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (liquidating the assets of International Growth Equity, Large Cap Relative Value and U.S. Small/Mid Cap Value Portfolios), dated July 28, 2010, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(46) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 87 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 31, 2010.
     
(47)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Select Global Infrastructure Portfolio), dated July 28, 2010, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(47) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 87 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 31, 2010.
     
(48)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (changing the name of the Equity Growth Portfolio to the Opportunity Portfolio and changing the name of the Global Growth Portfolio to the Global Opportunity Portfolio), dated October 4, 2010, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(48) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 90 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on October 28, 2010.
     
(49)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Asian Equity, Global Advantage, Global Discovery and International Advantage Portfolios), dated December 8, 2010, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(49) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 91 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 14, 2010.
     
(50)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (changing the name of the Capital Growth Portfolio to the Growth Portfolio), dated April 5, 2011, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(50) to Post-Effective No. 93 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2011.
     
(51)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Class H and Class L shares to Small Company Growth and U.S. Real Estate Portfolios), dated August 11, 2011, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(51) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 22, 2011.
     
(52)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Global Insight and Insight Portfolios), dated October 7, 2011, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(52) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 9, 2011.
     
(53)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (changing the name of the Emerging Markets Debt Portfolio to the Emerging Markets Domestic Debt Portfolio), dated April 23, 2012, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(54) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2012.
     
(54)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Class H and Class L shares to Active International Allocation, Emerging Markets, Focus Growth, Global Franchise, Growth, International Equity, International Real Estate and International Small Cap Portfolios), dated April 23, 2012, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(53) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2012.
     
(55)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Emerging Markets External Debt, Multi-Asset and Total Emerging Markets Portfolios), dated May 17, 2012, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(55) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 107 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 23, 2012.
     
(56)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Frontier Emerging Markets Portfolio), dated June 22, 2012, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(56) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 109 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on June 26, 2012.

 

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(57)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (liquidating the assets of Focus Growth Portfolio), dated April 8, 2013, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(57) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 114 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 25, 2013.
     
(58)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Class IS shares to Advantage, Emerging Markets, Emerging Markets Domestic Debt, Emerging Markets External Debt, Global Opportunity, Global Real Estate, Growth, International Equity, International Opportunity, International Real Estate, Opportunity, Select Global Infrastructure, Small Company Growth and U.S. Real Estate Portfolios), dated May 16, 2013, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(58) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 118 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on June 3, 2013.
     
(59)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Global Quality Portfolio), dated August 2, 2013, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(59) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 16, 2013.
     
(60)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (reclassifying Class H shares of each Portfolio (other than Global Insight, Insight and International Real Estate Portfolios) as Class P shares), dated August 13, 2013, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(60) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 16, 2013.
     
(61)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement ((i) changing the designation of Class H shares of each of the Global Insight and Insight Portfolios to Class A shares and (ii) changing the designation of Class P shares of each Portfolio (other than Global Insight, Global Quality and Insight Portfolios)) to Class A shares, dated August 13, 2013, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(61) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 16, 2013.
     
(62)   Certificate of Correction to the Registrant’s Articles of Amendment, dated September 5, 2013, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(62) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 125 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 29, 2014.
     
(63)   Certificate of Correction to the Registrant’s Articles of Amendment, dated September 5, 2013, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(63) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 125 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 29, 2014.
     
(64)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Emerging Markets Leaders Portfolio), dated November 14, 2014, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(64) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 128 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on November 25, 2014.
     
(65)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Class IS shares to Frontier Emerging Markets Portfolio), are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(65) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 133 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on February 13, 2015.
     
(66)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (liquidating the assets of Total Emerging Markets Portfolio), dated March 26, 2015, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(66) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 137 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2015.
     
(67)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (changing the name of the Select Global Infrastructure Portfolio to Global Infrastructure Portfolio), dated March 27, 2015, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(67) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 137 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2015.

 

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(68)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Class C shares to all Portfolios), dated April 23, 2015, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(68) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 137 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2015.
     
(69)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Class IS shares to Global Franchise and Multi-Asset Portfolios), dated May 11, 2015, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(69) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 138 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 12, 2015.
     
(70)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (changing the name of the Emerging Markets External Debt Portfolio to the Emerging Markets Fixed Income Opportunities Portfolio), dated November 25, 2015, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(70) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 143 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 1, 2015.
     
(71)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (eliminating Emerging Markets Domestic Debt Portfolio), dated November 25, 2015, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(71) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 143 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 1, 2015.
     
(72)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (liquidating International Small Cap Portfolio), dated November 25, 2015, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(72) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 143 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 1, 2015.
     
(73)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Emerging Markets Small Cap Portfolio), dated November 25, 2015, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(73) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 143 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 1, 2015.
     
(74)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Asia Opportunity Portfolio), dated November 25, 2015, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(74) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 143 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 1, 2015.
     
(75)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (eliminating Opportunity Portfolio), dated March 1, 2016, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(75) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 148 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 26, 2016.
     
(76)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (eliminating Class H shares of International Real Estate Portfolio), dated March 1, 2016, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(76) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 148 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 26, 2016.
     
(77)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Fundamental Multi-Cap Core, Global Concentrated, Global Core and US Core Portfolios), dated May 9, 2016, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(77) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 150 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 11, 2016.
     
(78)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (liquidating Asian Equity Portfolio), dated September 1, 2016, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(78) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 155 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on September 29, 2016.

 

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(79)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Emerging Markets Breakout Nations Portfolio), dated October 20, 2016, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(79) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 157 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 13, 2016.
     
(80)   Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (changing the name of the Frontier Emerging Markets Portfolio to the Frontier Markets Portfolio), dated March 31, 2017, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(80) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 165 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 28, 2017.
     
(81)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Class T shares to all Portfolios except Fundamental Multi-Cap Core Portfolio), dated September 11, 2017, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(81) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 173 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on September 29, 2017.
     
(82)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Global Counterpoint Portfolio), dated November 14, 2017, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(82) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 180 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 15, 2017.
     
(83)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Class IS shares to Active International Allocation, Global Advantage, Global Discovery, Global Insight, Insight and International Advantage Portfolios and Class IR shares to all Portfolios except Fundamental Multi-Cap Core Portfolio), dated March 16, 2018, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(83) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 199 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2018.
     
(84)  

Articles of Amendment to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (changing the name of the Global Quality Portfolio to the Global Sustain Portfolio), dated March 30, 2018, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (a)(84) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 199 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2018.

 

(85)   Articles Supplementary to Registrant’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement (adding Global Concentrated Real Estate and Real Assets Portfolios), dated March 30, 2018, filed herein.
     
(b)   Amended and Restated By-Laws, dated December 8, 2015, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 148 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 26, 2016.
     
(c)   (1)   Specimen Security with respect to Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Class A shares is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1(a) (Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation), as amended to date to Post-Effective Amendment No. 26 to the Registration Statement filed on October 13, 1995 and is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2 (Amended and Restated By-Laws), as amended to date to Post-Effective Amendment No. 33 to the Registration Statement filed on February 28, 1997.
     
 (2)   Specimen Security with respect to Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund, Inc. Class B shares is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1(a) (Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation), as amended to date to Post-Effective Amendment No. 26 to the Registration Statement filed on October 13, 1995 and is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2 (Amended and Restated By-Laws), as amended to date to Post-Effective Amendment No. 33 to the Registration Statement filed on February 28, 1997.

 

(d)   (1)   Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc., dated June 30, 2009, filed herein.

 

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(2)   Amended and Restated Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated May 30, 2013, between Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc. and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited (relating to the Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio, Global Franchise Portfolio, Global Infrastructure Portfolio, Global Real Estate Portfolio, Global Sustain Portfolio, International Equity Portfolio, International Real Estate Portfolio and Real Assets Portfolio), filed herein.

 

(3)   Amended and Restated Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated June 30, 2009, between Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc. and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Company (relating to the Active International Allocation Portfolio, Emerging Markets Leaders Portfolio, Emerging Markets Portfolio, Global Concentrated Real Estate Portfolio, Global Infrastructure Portfolio, Global Real Estate Portfolio, International Real Estate Portfolio and Real Assets Portfolio), filed herein.

 

(e)   Distribution Agreement, between Registrant and Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc. is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (e)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 53 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 29, 2005.
     
(f)   Not applicable.

 

(g)   Custodian Contract between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated March 7, 2008, filed herein.

 

(h)   (1)   Amended and Restated Administration Agreement between the Registrant and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc., dated August 26, 2016, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 165 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 28, 2017.

 

(2)   Transfer Agency and Service Agreement with Boston Financial Data Services, Inc., dated April 1, 2013, filed herein.

 

(3)   Amendment to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement with Boston Financial Data Services, Inc., dated June 2, 2014, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Morgan Stanley Limited Duration U.S. Government Trust, filed on September 26, 2014.

 

(4)   Fee Waiver Agreement between the Registrant (relating to Multi-Asset Portfolio) and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc., dated August 2, 2016, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 153 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 26, 2016.

 

(5)   Form of Appointment of Agent for Service of Process relating to Multi-Asset Cayman Portfolio, Ltd., is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(5) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 153 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 26, 2016.

 

(6)   Amendment to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement with Boston Financial Data Services, Inc., dated May 23, 2017, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(4) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 33 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Active Assets Prime Trust, filed on October 27, 2017.
     
(7)  

Addendum to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement with Boston Financial Data Services, Inc., dated October 5, 2017, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (h)(5) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 33 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Active Assets Prime Trust, filed on October 27, 2017.

 

(i)   (1)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 53 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 29, 2005.

 

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(2)   Opinion and Consent of Clifford Chance US LLP is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 53 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 29, 2005.
     
(3)   Opinion and Consent of Clifford Chance US LLP (with respect to the International Growth Equity Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 20, 2005.

 

(4)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP (with respect to the International Growth Equity Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 20, 2005.

 

(5)   Opinion and Consent of Clifford Chance US LLP (with respect to the Systematic Active Large Cap Core Portfolio, Systematic Active Small Cap Core Portfolio, Systematic Active Small Cap Value Portfolio and Systematic Active Small Cap Growth Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i) (5) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 59 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 28, 2006.

 

(6)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP (with respect to the Systematic Active Large Cap Core Portfolio, Systematic Active Small Cap Core Portfolio, Systematic Active Small Cap Value Portfolio and Systematic Active Small Cap Growth Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i) (6) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 59 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 28, 2006.

 

(7)   Opinion and Consent of Clifford Chance US LLP (with respect to the Global Real Estate Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(7) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 62 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 1, 2006.
     
(8)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP (with respect to the Global Real Estate Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(8) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 62 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 1, 2006.
     
(9)   Opinion and Consent of Clifford Chance, LLP (with respect to the Disciplined Large Cap Value Active Extension Portfolio and Systematic Large Cap Core Active Extension Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(9) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 29, 2007.

 

(10)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP (with respect to the Disciplined Large Cap Value Active Extension and Systematic Large Cap Core Active Extension Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(10) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 29, 2007.

 

(11)   Opinion and Consent of Clifford Chance US LLP (with respect to the International Growth Active Extension Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(11) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A, filed on July 18, 2007.

 

(12)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP (with respect to the International Growth Active Extension Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(12) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A, filed on July 18, 2007.

 

(13)   Opinion and Consent of Clifford Chance US LLP (with respect to U.S. Small/Mid Cap Value Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(13) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 71 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on September 26, 2007.

 

(14)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP (with respect to U.S. Small/Mid Cap Value Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(14) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 71 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on September 26, 2007.

 

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(15)   Opinion and Consent of Clifford Chance US LLP (with respect to Class H Shares), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(15) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 73 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 20, 2007.

 

(16)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP (with respect to Class H Shares), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(16) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 73 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 20, 2007.

 

(17)   Opinion and Consent of Clifford Chance US LLP (with respect to Class L Shares), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(17) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on June 3, 2008.

 

(18)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP (with respect to Class L Shares), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(18) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on June 3, 2008.

 

(19)   Opinion and Consent of Clifford Chance US LLP (with respect to Class P shares of International Small Cap Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(19) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 78 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed October 17, 2008.

 

(20)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP (with respect to Class P shares of International Small Cap Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(20) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 78 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed October 17, 2008.
     
(21)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Advantage, Equity Growth, Global Growth and International Opportunity Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(22) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 82 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on February 23, 2010.
     
(22)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Advantage, Equity Growth, Global Growth and International Opportunity Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(23) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 82 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on February 23, 2010.

 

(23)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Select Global Infrastructure Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(23) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 87 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 31, 2010.
     
(24)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Select Global Infrastructure Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(24) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 87 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 31, 2010.

 

(25)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Global Advantage, Global Discovery and International Advantage Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(25) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 91 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 14, 2010.
     
(26)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Global Advantage, Global Discovery and International Advantage Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(26) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 91 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 14, 2010.
     
(27)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Asian Equity Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(27) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 92 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 22, 2010.
     
(28)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Asian Equity Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(28) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 92 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 22, 2010.

 

 C: 
   

 

  

(29)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Class H and Class L shares of Small Company Growth and U.S. Real Estate Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(29) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 22, 2011.
     
(30)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Class H and Class L shares of Small Company Growth and U.S. Real Estate Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(30) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 22, 2011.

 

(31)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Global Insight and Insight Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(31) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 9, 2011.
     
(32)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Global Insight and Insight Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(32) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 9, 2011.
     
(33)   Opinion of Dechert LLP (with respect to Class H and Class L shares of Active International Allocation, Emerging Markets Equity, Focus Growth, Global Franchise, Growth, International Equity, International Real Estate and International Small Cap Portfolios), is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (i)(33) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2012.
     
(34)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Class H and Class L shares of Active International Allocation, Emerging Markets Equity, Focus Growth, Global Franchise, Growth, International Equity, International Real Estate and International Small Cap Portfolios), is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (i)(33) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2012.
     
(35)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Emerging Markets External Debt, Multi-Asset and Total Emerging Markets Portfolios), is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (i)(35) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 107 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 23, 2012.
     
(36)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Emerging Markets External Debt, Multi-Asset and Total Emerging Markets Portfolios), is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (i)(36) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 107 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 23, 2012.
     
(37)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Frontier Emerging Markets Portfolio), are incorporated by reference to Exhibit (i)(37) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 109 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on June 26, 2012.
     
(38)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Frontier Emerging Markets Portfolio), is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (i)(38) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 109 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on June 26, 2012.
     
(39)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Class IS shares of Advantage, Emerging Markets, Emerging Markets Domestic Debt, Emerging Markets External Debt, Global Opportunity, Global Real Estate, Growth, International Equity, International Opportunity, International Real Estate, Opportunity, Select Global Infrastructure and U.S. Real Estate Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(39) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 119 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on  June 13, 2013.
     
(40)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Class IS shares of Advantage, Emerging Markets, Emerging Markets Domestic Debt, Emerging Markets External Debt, Global Opportunity, Global Real Estate, Growth, International Equity, International Opportunity, International Real Estate, Opportunity, Select Global Infrastructure and U.S. Real Estate Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(40) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 119 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on  June 13, 2013.
     
(41)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Class IS shares of Small Company Growth Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(41) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 121 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on July 12, 2013.

 

 C: 
   

 

  

(42)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Class IS shares of Small Company Growth Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(42) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 121 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on July 12, 2013.
     
(43)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to the Global Quality Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(43) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 16, 2013.
     
(44)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to the Global Quality Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(44) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 16, 2013.
     
(45)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Emerging Markets Leaders Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(45) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 128 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on November 25, 2014.
     
(46)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Emerging Markets Leaders Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(46) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 128 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on November 25, 2014.
     
(47)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Class IS shares of Frontier Emerging Markets Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(47) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 133 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on February 13, 2015.
     
(48)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Class IS shares of Frontier Emerging Markets Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(48) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 133 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on February 13, 2015.
     
(49)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Class C shares of all Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(49) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 137 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2015.
     
(50)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Class C shares of all Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(50) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 137 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2015.
     
(51)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Class IS shares of Global Franchise and Multi-Asset Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(51) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 138 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 12, 2015.
     
(52)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Class IS shares of Global Franchise and Multi-Asset Portfolios), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(52) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 138 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 12, 2015.
     
(53)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Asia Opportunity Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(53) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 143 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 1, 2015.
     
(54)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Asia Opportunity Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(54) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 143 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 1, 2015.
     
(55)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Emerging Markets Small Cap Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(55) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 144 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 2, 2015.
     
(56)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Emerging Markets Small Cap Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(56) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 144 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 2, 2015.

 

 C: 
   

 

  

(57)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Fundamental Multi-Cap Core, Global Concentrated, Global Core and US Core Portfolios), is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (i)(57) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 150 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 11, 2016.
     
(58)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Fundamental Multi-Cap Core, Global Concentrated, Global Core and US Core Portfolios), is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (i)(58) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 150 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on May 11, 2016.
     
(59)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Emerging Markets Breakout Nations Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(59) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 157 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 13, 2016.
     
(60)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Emerging Markets Breakout Nations Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(60) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 157 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 13, 2016.
     
(61)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Global Counterpoint Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(61) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 180 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 15, 2017.
     
(62)   Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Global Counterpoint Portfolio), is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (i)(62) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 180 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 15, 2017.

 

(63)

 

 

Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP (with respect to Global Concentrated Real Estate and Real Assets Portfolios), filed herein.

 

(64)

 

 

Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP (with respect to Global Concentrated Real Estate and Real Assets Portfolios), filed herein.

     
(j)   Not applicable.
     
(k)   Not applicable.
     
(l)   Purchase Agreement, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 13 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 25 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on August 1, 1995.

 

(m)   (1)   Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan under Rule 12b-1 for Class A Shares, filed herein.

 

(2)   Amended and Restated Distribution and Shareholder Services Plan under Rule 12b-1 for Class L Shares, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (m)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 199 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on April 27, 2018.
     
(3)   Distribution and Shareholder Services Plan under Rule 12b-1 for Class C Shares, filed herein.

 

(n)   Amended and Restated Multiple Class 18f-3 Plan, filed herein.

 

(o)   Reserved.

 

(p)   (1)   Code of Ethics of the Morgan Stanley Funds is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 24 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Morgan Stanley Limited Duration U.S. Government Trust, filed on September 30, 2010.

 

(2)   Code of Ethics for Morgan Stanley Investment Management, dated March 22, 2016, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (p)(1) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Morgan Stanley Multi Cap Growth Trust, filed on March 29, 2016.

 

(q)   Powers of Attorney of Directors, dated February 28, 2018, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit (q) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Morgan Stanley Variable Insurance Fund, Inc., filed on April 13, 2018.

 

 C: 
   

 

  

ITEM 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with the Fund

 

None

  

ITEM 30. Indemnification

 

Reference is made to Article Seven of the Registrant’s Articles of Incorporation which is incorporated by reference herein:

 

Insofar as indemnification for liability may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

Pursuant to paragraph 7 of the Registrant’s Investment Advisory Agreement, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Adviser in performance of its obligations and duties hereunder, reckless disregard by the Adviser of its obligations and duties hereunder or a loss resulting from a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of compensation for services (in which case any award of damages shall be limited to the period and the amount set forth in Section 36(b)(3) of the Investment Company Act), the Adviser shall not be subject to any liability whatsoever to the Registrant, or to any shareholder of the Registrant, for any error or judgment, mistake of law or any other act or omission in the course of, or connected with, rendering services hereunder including, without limitation, for any losses that may be sustained in connection with the purchase, holding, redemption or sale of any security on behalf of any Portfolio of the Registrant.

 

Pursuant to paragraph 7 of the Registrant’s Administration Agreement, the Administrator has no liability for any loss or damage resulting from the performance or nonperformance of its duties unless solely caused by or resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct. The Registrant agrees to indemnify and hold the Administrator, and third parties providing services for the benefit of the Registrant through arrangements with the Administrator, harmless from all loss, cost, damage and expense, including reasonable expenses for counsel, incurred by such person resulting from any claim, demand, action or omission by it in the performance of its duties under the Agreement or such arrangements with the Administrator, or as a result of acting upon any instructions reasonably believed by any such person to have been executed by a duly authorized officer of the Registrant or of its investment advisers, provided that this indemnification shall not apply to actions or omissions of the Administrator, its officers, employees or agents in cases of its or their own gross negligence or willful misconduct. Further, the Agreement does not protect the Administrator, its directors, officers and/or employees against liability to the Registrant or its shareholders to which it might otherwise be subject by reason of any fraud, willful misfeasance or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or the reckless disregard of its obligations under the Agreement.

 

Pursuant to section 5 of the Registrant’s Distribution Agreement, the Registrant has agreed to indemnify, defend and hold the Distributor, its officers and directors and any person who controls the Distributor, free and harmless from and against any and all claims, demands, liabilities and expenses (including the cost of investigating or defending such claims,  demands or liabilities and any counsel fees incurred in connection therewith)  which the Distributor, its officers, directors or any such controlling person, arising out of or based upon any untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement or Prospectus or arising out of or based upon any alleged omission to state a material fact required to be stated in either thereof or necessary to make the statements in either thereof not misleading, except insofar as such claims, demands, liabilities or expenses arise out of or are based upon any such untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing by the Distributor to the Registrant for use in the Registration Statement or Prospectus, but only in the event that a court of competent jurisdiction shall determine, or it shall have been determined by controlling precedent, that such result would not be against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act; and except in the case of the Distributor’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of its duties, or by reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations under this Agreement.

 

 C: 
   

 

  

ITEM 31. Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser

 

Describe any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which the investment adviser and each director, officer or partner of the investment adviser, is or has been, engaged within the last two fiscal years for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee. (Disclose the name and principal business address of any company for which a person listed below serves in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee, and the nature of the relationship.)

 

See “Fund Management” in the Prospectus regarding the business of the investment adviser. The following information is given regarding directors and officers of Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc. Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley.

 

Set forth below is the name and principal business address of each company for which directors or officers of Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc. serve as directors, officers or employees:

 

Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc.

Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc.

Morgan Stanley Services Company Inc.

522 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10036

 

Listed below are the officers and Directors of Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc.:

 

NAME AND POSITION WITH   OTHER SUBSTANTIAL BUSINESS,
MORGAN STANLEY INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT INC.   PROFESSION OR VOCATION
     
Dan Simkowitz
Managing Director and President
  Managing Director of Morgan Stanley.
     
Christopher O’Dell
Managing Director and Secretary
  Managing Director and Secretary of other entities affiliated with the Adviser.
     
Timothy J. Knierim
Managing Director and Chief Compliance Officer
  Chief Compliance Officer of the Morgan Stanley Funds.
     
Paul Wirth
Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer
  Treasurer of other entities affiliated with the Adviser.
     
John Hagarty
Managing Director and Director
   
     
Mary Alice Dunne
Managing Director and Director
   
     
Anita Rios
Executive Director and Treasurer
   
     
Feta Zabeli
Managing Director and Director
   
     
Anchal Pachnanda    
Managing Director and Director    
     
Philip Varela
Executive Director and Chief Anti-Money Laundering Officer
  Executive Director and Anti-Money Laundering Officer of Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc. and Morgan Stanley Services Company, Inc.

 

 C: 
   

 

  

For information as to the business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature of additional officers of the Adviser, reference is made to the Adviser’s current Form ADV (File No. 801-15757) filed under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 32. Principal Underwriters

 

(a)Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc., a Delaware corporation, is the principal underwriter of the Registrant. Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc. is also the principal underwriter of the following investment companies:

 

(1) Active Assets Government Trust
   
(2) Morgan Stanley California Tax-Free Daily Income Trust
   
(3) Morgan Stanley European Equity Fund Inc.
   
(4) Morgan Stanley Global Fixed Income Opportunities Fund
   
(5) Morgan Stanley Institutional Fund Trust
   
(6) Morgan Stanley Institutional Liquidity Funds
   
(7) Morgan Stanley Mortgage Securities Trust
   
(8) Morgan Stanley Multi Cap Growth Trust
   
(9) Morgan Stanley New York Municipal Money Market Trust
   
(10) Morgan Stanley Tax-Free Daily Income Trust
   
(11) Morgan Stanley U.S. Government Money Market Trust
   
(12) Morgan Stanley U.S. Government Securities Trust
   
(13) Morgan Stanley Variable Investment Series
   
(14) Morgan Stanley Variable Insurance Fund, Inc.

 

(b)The following information is given regarding directors and officers of Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc. The principal address of Morgan Stanley Distribution, Inc. is 522 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10036.

 

 

NAME AND PRINCIPAL BUSINESS   POSITIONS AND OFFICES WITH   POSITIONS AND OFFICES WITH
ADDRESS   UNDERWRITER   REGISTRANT
         
John Cooper   President, Director and Managing Director   None
         
Frederick McMullen   Director and Managing Director   None
         
Maureen O’Toole   Director and Managing Director   None
         
Michelle Shappell   Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Managing Director   None
         
Stefanie Chang Yu   Secretary, General Counsel and Managing Director   None
         
Ilene Shore   Chief Compliance Officer and Executive Director   None
         
Philip Varela   Chief Anti-Money Laundering Officer and Executive Director   AML Officer
         
Gary Lynn   Financial Operations Principal and Managing Director   None

 

 C: 
   

 

  

(c)      Not applicable.

 

ITEM 33. Location of Accounts and Records

 

State the name and address of each person maintaining physical possession of each account, book, or other document required to be maintained by section 31(a) [15 U.S.C. 80a-30(a)] and the rules under that section.

 

State Street Bank and Trust Company

One Lincoln Street

Boston, MA 02111

(records relating to its function as custodian and sub-administrator)

 

DST Asset Manager Solutions, Inc. (successor to Boston Financial Data Services, Inc.)

2000 Crown Colony Drive

Quincy, MA 02169-0953

(records relating to its functions as transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent)

 

Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc.

522 Fifth Avenue

New York, NY 10036

(records relating to its function as investment adviser and administrator)

 

ITEM 34. Management Services

 

Registrant is not a party to any such management-related service contract.

 

ITEM 35. Undertakings

 

None.

 

 C: 
   

 

  

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York and State of New York on the 29th day of May, 2018.

 

  MORGAN STANLEY INSTITUTIONAL FUND, INC.
   
  By: /s/  John H. Gernon
    John H. Gernon
    President and Principal Executive Officer

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Post-Effective Amendment No. 205 has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signatures   Title    Date
         
(1)  Principal Executive Officer   President and Principal Executive Officer    
         
By: /s/ John H. Gernon       May 29, 2018
  John H. Gernon        
         
         
(2)  Principal Financial Officer   Principal Financial Officer    
         
By: /s/ Francis J. Smith       May 29, 2018
  Francis J. Smith        
         
(3)  Majority of the Directors        
         
Independent Directors        
         
  Frank L. Bowman Joseph J. Kearns        
  Kathleen A. Dennis Michael F. Klein        
  Nancy C. Everett Patricia Maleski        
  Jakki L. Haussler Michael E. Nugent (Chairman)    
  Dr. Manuel H. Johnson W. Allen Reed        
    Fergus Reid        
             
By: /s/ Carl Frischling       May 29, 2018
  Carl Frischling        
  Attorney-in-Fact for the Independent Trustees    

 

 C: 
   

 

  

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

MORGAN STANLEY INSTITUTIONAL FUND, INC.

 

(a)(85) Articles Supplementary.
   
(d)(1) Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc.
   
(d)(2) Amended and Restated Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated May 30, 2013, between Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc. and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited.
   
(d)(3) Amended and Restated Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated June 30, 2009, between Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc. and Morgan Stanley Investment Management Company.
   
(g) Custodian Contract.
   
(h)(2) Transfer Agency and Service Agreement.
   
(i)(63) Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP.
   
(i)(64) Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP.
   
(m)(1) Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan under Rule 12b-1 for Class A Shares.
   
(m)(3) Distribution and Shareholder Services Plan under Rule 12b-1 for Class C Shares.
   
(n) Amended and Restated Multiple Class 18f-3 Plan.

 

 C: 
   


Dates Referenced Herein   and   Documents Incorporated by Reference

This ‘485BPOS’ Filing    Date    Other Filings
1/1/19
6/30/18
Filed on / Effective on:5/29/18N-Q
5/1/18
4/27/18485BPOS
4/13/18
3/31/18
3/30/18485BXT
3/16/18
2/28/18497,  497K
1/3/18
1/1/18
12/31/1724F-2NT,  N-CSR,  NSAR-B
12/15/17485BPOS,  485BXT,  CORRESP
11/14/17
10/27/17497
10/5/17
9/29/17485APOS,  497,  497K,  PRE 14A
9/11/17
5/23/17
5/1/17485BPOS,  497,  497K
4/28/17485BPOS,  497K,  CORRESP
3/31/17N-Q
12/13/16485BPOS,  497K,  CORRESP
10/20/16497
9/29/16485APOS,  497,  497K
9/1/16497,  497K,  N-CSRS
8/26/16485BPOS,  497K,  CORRESP,  N-PX
8/2/16
6/23/16
5/11/16485BPOS,  CORRESP
5/9/16
4/26/16485BPOS
3/29/1624F-2NT
3/22/16
3/1/16
12/8/15485BPOS
12/2/15485BPOS,  CORRESP
12/1/15485BPOS,  CORRESP
11/25/15
5/12/15485BPOS,  CORRESP
5/11/15
4/27/15485BPOS,  CORRESP
4/23/15
3/27/15
3/26/15
2/13/15485BPOS
1/1/15
11/25/14CORRESP
11/14/14
9/26/14
6/2/14
4/29/14485BPOS
12/31/1324F-2NT,  N-CSR,  NSAR-B
9/5/13
8/16/13485BPOS,  497,  497K,  CORRESP
8/13/13
8/2/13
7/12/13485BPOS,  CORRESP
6/13/13485BPOS,  497K,  CORRESP
6/3/13485APOS
5/30/13N-Q
5/16/13
4/25/13485BPOS
4/8/13
4/1/13CORRESP
1/1/13
6/26/12485BPOS,  497K,  CORRESP
6/22/12
5/23/12485BPOS,  497K,  CORRESP
5/17/12497,  497K
4/27/12485BPOS,  497K,  CORRESP
4/23/12
1/1/12
12/9/11485BPOS,  CORRESP
10/7/11
8/22/11485BPOS,  CORRESP
8/11/11
4/27/11485BPOS,  CORRESP
4/5/11
12/31/1024F-2NT,  N-CSR,  NSAR-B
12/22/10485BPOS,  497
12/14/10485BPOS,  CORRESP
12/8/10
10/28/10485BPOS
10/4/10
9/30/10485APOS,  N-Q
8/31/1024F-2NT,  485BPOS,  CORRESP,  N-CSR,  NSAR-B
7/28/10
2/23/10485BPOS,  CORRESP
1/20/10N-14
6/30/09N-CSRS,  N-PX,  NSAR-A
4/28/0924F-2NT,  24F-2NT/A
4/16/09
10/17/08485BPOS,  CORRESP
10/14/08
10/13/08
6/27/08
6/3/08485BPOS,  CORRESP
4/28/08485BPOS,  497
4/22/08
3/7/08
12/20/07CORRESP
12/18/07
9/26/07485BPOS,  CORRESP
7/18/07485BPOS,  CORRESP
7/10/07485APOS
5/29/07485BPOS
4/27/07485BPOS
4/25/07
2/21/07497
2/20/07
2/6/07
8/24/06
8/1/06485BPOS,  DEF 14A,  PRE 14A
5/3/06485APOS
4/28/06485BPOS
4/25/06
2/24/06497
2/6/06
12/20/05485BPOS
11/15/05
10/7/05485APOS
9/20/05
8/25/05497,  N-PX
4/29/05485BPOS
4/26/05
3/21/05
4/1/04
12/31/0324F-2NT,  24F-2NT/A,  N-CSR,  NSAR-B,  NSAR-B/A
6/6/03485APOS
11/26/01485BPOS
10/18/01
7/23/01
5/1/01
4/30/01485BPOS
4/23/01
5/1/00485BPOS
9/24/99
1/27/99485APOS
12/1/98
11/20/98
8/6/98
7/17/98
2/27/98485APOS
12/16/97
6/10/97
5/21/97
2/28/97485APOS,  485BPOS,  NSAR-B,  NSAR-B/A
5/24/96485APOS
5/2/96
12/18/95
10/13/95485BPOS
9/20/95
8/1/95485APOS
 List all Filings 


26 Subsequent Filings that Reference this Filing

  As Of               Filer                 Filing    For·On·As Docs:Size             Issuer                      Filing Agent

 4/30/24  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485APOS                1:3.5M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 4/29/24  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS     4/30/24   39:64M                                    Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 3/01/24  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485APOS                4:9.3M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 2/28/24  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485APOS                4:9.3M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 4/28/23  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS     4/28/23   29:58M                                    Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 7/13/22  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS     7/13/22   16:4.4M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 7/13/22  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS     7/13/22   23:5.3M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 5/04/22  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS     5/04/22   15:9.5M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 4/29/22  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485APOS                1:3M                                     Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 4/29/22  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485APOS                2:2.9M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 4/29/22  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS     4/29/22   28:55M                                    Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
12/21/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS    12/21/21   26:5.1M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
10/07/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485APOS                1:2.6M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 9/13/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS     9/13/21   23:4.8M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 8/31/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS     8/31/21   19:5.1M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 7/14/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS     7/14/21   22:4.6M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 6/30/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485APOS                1:3.4M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 6/30/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485APOS                1:2.5M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 6/30/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS     6/30/21   18:5.3M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 6/11/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS     6/11/21   18:3.8M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 6/02/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   N-146/02/21    7:19M                                    Toppan Merrill/FA
 4/30/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485APOS                1:2.5M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 4/30/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485APOS                1:3.5M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 4/30/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS     4/30/21   28:55M                                    Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 4/06/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485BPOS     4/06/21   20:4.2M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
 2/05/21  Morgan Stanley Inst’l Fund Inc.   485APOS                1:2.3M                                   Broadridge Fin’l… Inc/FA
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Filing Submission 0001133228-18-003227   –   Alternative Formats (Word / Rich Text, HTML, Plain Text, et al.)

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