Document/ExhibitDescriptionPagesSize 1: 10-K Annual Report HTML 6.80M
3: EX-10.30 Material Contract HTML 58K
2: EX-10.6 Material Contract HTML 42K
4: EX-21.1 Subsidiaries List HTML 43K
5: EX-22.1 Published Report re: Matters Submitted to a Vote HTML 37K
of Security Holders
6: EX-23.1 Consent of Expert or Counsel HTML 37K
7: EX-24.1 Power of Attorney HTML 44K
12: EX-99.1 Miscellaneous Exhibit HTML 55K
8: EX-31.1 Certification -- §302 - SOA'02 HTML 42K
9: EX-31.2 Certification -- §302 - SOA'02 HTML 43K
10: EX-32.1 Certification -- §906 - SOA'02 HTML 39K
11: EX-32.2 Certification -- §906 - SOA'02 HTML 39K
18: R1 Cover Page HTML 101K
19: R2 Audit Information HTML 43K
20: R3 Consolidated Statement of Income HTML 128K
21: R4 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income HTML 112K
22: R5 Consolidated Balance Sheet HTML 185K
23: R6 Consolidated Balance Sheet (Parenthetical) HTML 63K
24: R7 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows HTML 121K
25: R8 Consolidated Statement of Equity HTML 133K
26: R9 Consolidated Statement of Equity (Parenthetical) HTML 49K
27: R10 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies HTML 64K
28: R11 Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Losses HTML 80K
29: R12 Information Relating to the Consolidated Statement HTML 126K
of Cash Flows
30: R13 New Accounting Standards HTML 49K
31: R14 Lease Commitments HTML 174K
32: R15 Summarized Financial Data - Chevron U.S.A. Inc. HTML 72K
33: R16 Summarized Financial Data - Tengizchevroil LLP HTML 55K
34: R17 Summarized Financial Data - Chevron Phillips HTML 72K
Chemical Company LLC
35: R18 Fair Value Measurements HTML 103K
36: R19 Financial and Derivative Instruments HTML 92K
37: R20 Assets Held for Sale HTML 40K
38: R21 Equity HTML 44K
39: R22 Earnings Per Share HTML 66K
40: R23 Operating Segments and Geographic Data HTML 153K
41: R24 Investments and Advances HTML 124K
42: R25 Litigation HTML 47K
43: R26 Taxes HTML 153K
44: R27 Properties, Plant and Equipment HTML 115K
45: R28 Short-Term Debt HTML 54K
46: R29 Long-Term Debt HTML 91K
47: R30 Accounting for Suspended Exploratory Wells HTML 75K
48: R31 Stock Options and Other Share-Based Compensation HTML 72K
49: R32 Employee Benefit Plans HTML 449K
50: R33 Other Contingencies and Commitments HTML 51K
51: R34 Asset Retirement Obligations HTML 55K
52: R35 Revenue HTML 45K
53: R36 Other Financial Information HTML 59K
54: R37 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses HTML 42K
55: R38 Acquisition of Renewable Energy Group, Inc. HTML 53K
56: R39 Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts HTML 65K
57: R40 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies HTML 114K
(Policies)
58: R41 Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Losses HTML 80K
(Tables)
59: R42 Information Relating to the Consolidated Statement HTML 141K
of Cash Flows (Tables)
60: R43 Lease Commitments (Tables) HTML 124K
61: R44 Summarized Financial Data - Chevron U.S.A. Inc. HTML 72K
(Tables)
62: R45 Summarized Financial Data - Tengizchevroil LLP HTML 56K
(Tables)
63: R46 Summarized Financial Data - Chevron Phillips HTML 72K
Chemical Company LLC (Tables)
64: R47 Fair Value Measurements (Tables) HTML 99K
65: R48 Financial and Derivative Instruments (Tables) HTML 120K
66: R49 Earnings Per Share (Tables) HTML 65K
67: R50 Operating Segments and Geographic Data (Tables) HTML 148K
68: R51 Investments and Advances (Tables) HTML 120K
69: R52 Taxes (Tables) HTML 154K
70: R53 Properties, Plant and Equipment (Tables) HTML 114K
71: R54 Short-Term Debt (Tables) HTML 52K
72: R55 Long-Term Debt (Tables) HTML 92K
73: R56 Accounting for Suspended Exploratory Wells HTML 76K
(Tables)
74: R57 Stock Options and Other Share-Based Compensation HTML 66K
(Tables)
75: R58 Employee Benefit Plans (Tables) HTML 450K
76: R59 Asset Retirement Obligations (Tables) HTML 53K
77: R60 Other Financial Information (Tables) HTML 57K
78: R61 Acquisition of Renewable Energy Group, Inc. HTML 50K
(Tables)
79: R62 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies HTML 52K
(Details)
80: R63 Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Losses HTML 95K
(Details)
81: R64 Information Relating to the Consolidated Statement HTML 137K
of Cash Flows - Summary of Information (Details)
82: R65 Information Relating to the Consolidated Statement HTML 42K
of Cash Flows - Narrative (Details)
83: R66 Information Relating to the Consolidated Statement HTML 49K
of Cash Flows - Cash Balances (Details)
84: R67 Lease Commitments - Balance Sheets (Details) HTML 82K
85: R68 Lease Commitments - Lease Cost (Details) HTML 43K
86: R69 Lease Commitments - Cash Paid (Details) HTML 47K
87: R70 Lease Commitments - ASC 842 (Details) HTML 78K
88: R71 Lease Commitments - Narrative (Details) HTML 41K
89: R72 Summarized Financial Data - Chevron U.S.A. Inc. - HTML 60K
Summary of Income Statement Information (Details)
90: R73 Summarized Financial Data - Chevron U.S.A. Inc. - HTML 73K
Summary of Balance Sheet Information (Details)
91: R74 Summarized Financial Data - Tengizchevroil LLP - HTML 69K
Summary of Income Statement Information (Details)
92: R75 Summarized Financial Data - Tengizchevroil LLP - HTML 72K
Summary of Balance Sheet Information (Details)
93: R76 Summarized Financial Data - Chevron Phillips HTML 70K
Chemical Company LLC - Summary of Income Statement
Information (Details)
94: R77 Summarized Financial Data - Chevron Phillips HTML 72K
Chemical Company LLC - Summary of Balance Sheet
Information (Details)
95: R78 Fair Value Measurements - Summary of Assets and HTML 75K
Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis
(Details)
96: R79 Fair Value Measurements - Summary of Assets and HTML 65K
Liabilities Measured On a Non-Recurring Basis
(Details)
97: R80 Fair Value Measurements - Narrative (Details) HTML 73K
98: R81 Financial and Derivative Instruments - Fair Value HTML 52K
of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging
Instruments (Details)
99: R82 Financial and Derivative Instruments - Effect of HTML 48K
Derivatives Not Designated On Hedging Instruments
(Details)
100: R83 Financial and Derivative Instruments - Additional HTML 50K
Information (Details)
101: R84 Financial and Derivative Instruments - Effect of HTML 76K
Netting Derivative Assets and Liabilities
(Details)
102: R85 Assets Held for Sale (Details) HTML 43K
103: R86 Equity (Details) HTML 47K
104: R87 Earnings Per Share (Details) HTML 82K
105: R88 Operating Segments and Geographic Data - Narrative HTML 42K
(Details)
106: R89 Operating Segments and Geographic Data - Segment HTML 72K
Earnings (Details)
107: R90 Operating Segments and Geographic Data - Segment HTML 71K
Assets (Details)
108: R91 Operating Segments and Geographic Data - Segment HTML 82K
Sales and Operating Revenues (Details)
109: R92 Operating Segments and Geographic Data - Segment HTML 56K
Income Taxes (Details)
110: R93 Investments and Advances - Summary of Investment HTML 90K
and Advances and Equity in Earnings (Details)
111: R94 Investments and Advances - Narrative (Details) HTML 86K
112: R95 Investments and Advances - Summary of Financial HTML 120K
Information of All Equity Affiliates (Details)
113: R96 Litigation (Details) HTML 54K
114: R97 Taxes - Summary of Components of Income Tax HTML 65K
(Details)
115: R98 Taxes - Effective Income Tax Reconciliation HTML 78K
(Details)
116: R99 Taxes - Narrative (Details) HTML 64K
117: R100 Taxes - Summary of Deferred Tax Assets and HTML 82K
Liabilities (Details)
118: R101 Taxes - Summary of Unrecognized Income Tax HTML 73K
Benefits and Taxes Other Than on Income (Details)
119: R102 Properties, Plant and Equipment (Details) HTML 105K
120: R103 Short-Term Debt - Summary (Details) HTML 57K
121: R104 Short-Term Debt - Narrative (Details) HTML 45K
122: R105 Long-Term Debt (Details) HTML 174K
123: R106 Accounting for Suspended Exploratory Wells - HTML 58K
Summary of Changes and Aging of Capitalized Well
Costs (Details)
124: R107 Accounting for Suspended Exploratory Wells - HTML 62K
Narrative (Details)
125: R108 Accounting for Suspended Exploratory Wells - Aging HTML 63K
of Costs on a Well and Project Basis (Details)
126: R109 Stock Options and Other Share-Based Compensation - HTML 119K
Narrative (Details)
127: R110 Stock Options and Other Share-Based Compensation - HTML 90K
Summary of Valuation Assumptions and Activity
(Details)
128: R111 Employee Benefit Plans - Narrative (Details) HTML 146K
129: R112 Employee Benefit Plans - Summary of Change in HTML 112K
Benefit Obligation and Plan Assets (Details)
130: R113 Employee Benefit Plans - Summary of Balance Sheet HTML 60K
Components (Details)
131: R114 Employee Benefit Plans - Amounts Recognized in HTML 55K
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details)
132: R115 Employee Benefit Plans - Accumulated Benefit HTML 51K
Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets (Details)
133: R116 Employee Benefit Plans - Net Periodic Benefit Cost HTML 104K
(Details)
134: R117 Employee Benefit Plans - Assumptions (Details) HTML 66K
135: R118 Employee Benefit Plans - Plan Assets (Details) HTML 244K
136: R119 Employee Benefit Plans - Summary of Change in HTML 77K
Assets Measured at Level 3 (Details)
137: R120 Employee Benefit Plans - Expected Benefit Payments HTML 60K
(Details)
138: R121 Other Contingencies and Commitments (Details) HTML 91K
139: R122 Asset Retirement Obligations (Details) HTML 54K
140: R123 Revenue (Details) HTML 40K
141: R124 Other Financial Information (Details) HTML 87K
142: R125 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Details) HTML 50K
143: R126 Acquisition of Renewable Energy Group, Inc. - HTML 50K
Narrative (Details)
144: R127 Acquisition of Renewable Energy Group, Inc. - HTML 69K
Schedule of Recognized Identified Assets Acquired
and Liabilities Assumed (Details)
145: R128 Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts HTML 57K
(Details)
148: XML IDEA XML File -- Filing Summary XML 278K
146: XML XBRL Instance -- cvx-20221231_htm XML 7.37M
147: EXCEL IDEA Workbook of Financial Reports XLSX 317K
14: EX-101.CAL XBRL Calculations -- cvx-20221231_cal XML 413K
15: EX-101.DEF XBRL Definitions -- cvx-20221231_def XML 1.35M
16: EX-101.LAB XBRL Labels -- cvx-20221231_lab XML 3.26M
17: EX-101.PRE XBRL Presentations -- cvx-20221231_pre XML 2.13M
13: EX-101.SCH XBRL Schema -- cvx-20221231 XSD 323K
149: JSON XBRL Instance as JSON Data -- MetaLinks 818± 1.30M
150: ZIP XBRL Zipped Folder -- 0000093410-23-000009-xbrl Zip 1.83M
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
i6001
Bollinger Canyon Road
iDelaware
i94-0890210
iSan
Ramon, iCaliforniai94583-2324
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification
No.)
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (i925) i842-1000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbol
Name of each exchange on which registered
iCommon
stock, par value $.75 per share
iCVX
iNew York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark if the registrant
is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
iYesþ No o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes oiNoþ
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
iYesþ No o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
iYesþ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,”“accelerated filer,”“smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
iLarge
accelerated filer
☑
Accelerated filer
☐
Non-accelerated filer
☐
Smaller reporting company
i☐
Emerging
growth company
i☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal controls over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. i☑
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction
of an error to previously issued financial statements. o
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No iþ
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter — $i283.4 billion (As of June 30, 2022)
Number of
Shares of Common Stock outstanding as of February 10, 2023 — i1,906,674,044
iNotice
of the 2023 Annual Meeting and 2023 Proxy Statement, to be filed pursuant to Rule 14a-6(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, in connection with the company’s 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (in Part III)
CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS RELEVANT TO FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION FOR THE PURPOSE OF “SAFE HARBOR” PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995
This Annual Report on Form 10-K of Chevron Corporation
contains forward-looking statements relating to Chevron’s operations and energy transition plans that are based on management’s current expectations, estimates and projections about the petroleum, chemicals and other energy-related industries. Words or phrases such as “anticipates,”“expects,”“intends,”“plans,”“targets,”“advances,”“commits,”“drives,”“aims,”“forecasts,”“projects,”“believes,”“approaches,”“seeks,”“schedules,”“estimates,”“positions,”“pursues,”“may,”“can,”“could,”“should,”“will,”“budgets,”“outlook,”“trends,”“guidance,”“focus,”“on track,”“goals,”“objectives,”“strategies,”“opportunities,”“poised,”“potential,”“ambitions,”“aspires” and similar expressions are intended to
identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are beyond the company’s control and are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. The reader should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. Unless legally required, Chevron undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Among the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements are: changing crude oil and natural gas prices
and demand for the company’s products, and production curtailments due to market conditions; crude oil production quotas or other actions that might be imposed by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and other producing countries; technological advancements; changes to government policies in the countries in which the company operates; public health crises, such as pandemics (including coronavirus (COVID-19)) and epidemics, and any related government policies and actions; disruptions in the company’s global supply chain, including supply chain constraints and escalation of the cost of goods and services; changing economic, regulatory and political environments in the various countries in which the
company operates; general domestic and international economic and political conditions, including the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the global response to such conflict; changing refining, marketing and chemicals margins; actions of competitors or regulators; timing of exploration expenses; timing of crude oil liftings; the competitiveness of alternate-energy sources or product substitutes; development of large carbon capture and offset markets; the results of operations and financial condition of the company’s suppliers, vendors, partners and equity affiliates, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic; the inability or failure of the company’s joint-venture partners to fund their share of operations and development activities; the potential failure to achieve expected net production
from existing and future crude oil and natural gas development projects; potential delays in the development, construction or start-up of planned projects; the potential disruption or interruption of the company’s operations due to war, accidents, political events, civil unrest, severe weather, cyber threats, terrorist acts, or other natural or human causes beyond the company’s control; the potential liability for remedial actions or assessments under existing or future environmental regulations and litigation; significant operational, investment or product changes undertaken or required by existing or future environmental statutes and regulations, including international agreements and national or regional legislation and regulatory measures to limit or reduce greenhouse gas emissions; the potential liability
resulting from pending or future litigation; the company’s future acquisitions or dispositions of assets or shares or the delay or failure of such transactions to close based on required closing conditions; the potential for gains and losses from asset dispositions or impairments; government mandated sales, divestitures, recapitalizations, taxes and tax audits, tariffs, sanctions, changes in fiscal terms or restrictions on scope of company operations; foreign currency movements compared with the U.S. dollar; higher inflation and related impacts; material reductions in corporate liquidity and access to debt markets; the receipt of required Board authorizations to implement capital allocation strategies, including future stock repurchase programs and dividend payments; the effects of changed accounting rules under generally accepted accounting principles promulgated by rule-setting bodies;
the company’s ability to identify and mitigate the risks and hazards inherent in operating in the global energy industry; and the factors set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” on pages 20 through 26 in this report. Other unpredictable or unknown factors not discussed in this report could also have material adverse effects on forward-looking statements.
Chevron Corporation,* a Delaware corporation, manages its investments in subsidiaries and affiliates and
provides administrative, financial, management and technology support to U.S. and international subsidiaries that engage in integrated energy and chemicals operations. Upstream operations consist primarily of exploring for, developing, producing and transporting crude oil and natural gas; processing, liquefaction, transportation and regasification associated with liquefied natural gas; transporting crude oil by major international oil export pipelines; transporting, storage and marketing of natural gas; and a gas-to-liquids plant. Downstream operations consist primarily of refining crude oil into petroleum products; marketing of crude oil, refined products, and lubricants; manufacturing and marketing of renewable fuels; transporting crude oil and refined products by pipeline, marine vessel, motor equipment and rail car; and manufacturing and marketing of commodity petrochemicals,
plastics for industrial uses and fuel and lubricant additives.
Petroleum industry operations and profitability are influenced by many factors. Prices for crude oil, natural gas, liquefied natural gas, petroleum products and petrochemicals are generally determined by supply and demand. Production levels from the members of Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Russia and the United States
are the major factors in determining worldwide supply. Demand for crude oil and its products and for natural gas is largely driven by the conditions of local, national and global economies, although weather patterns, the pace of energy transition and taxation relative to other energy sources also play a significant part. Laws and governmental policies, particularly in the areas of taxation, energy and the environment, affect where and how companies invest, conduct their operations, select feedstocks, and formulate their products and, in some cases, limit their profits directly.
Strong competition exists in all sectors of the petroleum and petrochemical industries in supplying the energy, fuel and chemical needs of industry and individual consumers. In the upstream business, Chevron competes with fully integrated, major global petroleum companies, as well as independent and national petroleum companies, for the acquisition
of crude oil and natural gas leases and other properties and for the equipment and labor required to develop and operate those properties. In its downstream business, Chevron competes with fully integrated, major petroleum companies, as well as independent refining and marketing, transportation and chemicals entities and national petroleum companies in the refining, manufacturing, sale and marketing of fuels, lubricants, additives and petrochemicals.
Operating Environment
Refer to pages 32 through 40 of this Form 10-K in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for a discussion of the company’s current business environment and outlook.
Chevron’s Strategic Direction
Chevron’s
strategy is to leverage our strengths to safely deliver lower carbon energy to a growing world. Our primary objective is to deliver higher returns, lower carbon and superior shareholder value in any business environment. We are building on our capabilities, assets and customer relationships as we aim to lead in lower carbon intensity oil, products and natural gas, as well as advance new products and solutions that reduce the carbon emissions of major industries. We aim to grow our traditional oil and gas business, lower the carbon intensity of our operations and grow new lower carbon businesses in renewable fuels, hydrogen, carbon capture, offsets, and other emerging technologies.
Information about the company is available on the company’s website
at www.chevron.com. Information contained on the company’s website is not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to these reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are available free of charge on the company’s website
soon after such reports are filed with or furnished to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The reports are also available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
* Incorporated in Delaware in 1926 as Standard Oil Company of California, the company adopted the name Chevron Corporation in 1984 and ChevronTexaco Corporation in 2001. In 2005, ChevronTexaco Corporation changed its name to Chevron Corporation. As used in this report, the term
“Chevron” and such terms as “the company,”“the corporation,”“our,”“we,”“us” and "its" may refer to Chevron Corporation, one or more of its consolidated subsidiaries, or all of them taken as a whole, but unless stated otherwise they do not include “affiliates” of Chevron — i.e., those companies accounted for by the equity method (generally owned 50 percent or less) or non-equity method investments. All of these terms are used for convenience only and are not intended as a precise description of any of the separate companies, each of which manages its own affairs.
Chevron invests in its workforce and culture, with the objective of engaging employees to develop their full potential to deliver energy solutions and enable human progress. The Chevron Way explains the company’s beliefs, vision, purpose and values. It guides how the company’s employees work and establishes a common understanding of culture and aspirations.
Chevron hires, develops, and strives to retain a diverse workforce of high-performing talent, and fosters a culture that values diversity, inclusion and employee engagement. Chevron leadership is accountable for the
company’s investment in people and the company’s culture. This includes reviews of metrics addressing critical function hiring, leadership development, retention, diversity and inclusion, and employee engagement.
The following table summarizes the number of Chevron employees by gender, where data is available, and by region as of December 31, 2022.
1
Includes employees where gender data was not collected or employee chose not to disclose gender.
Hiring, Development and Retention
The company’s approach to attracting, developing and retaining a global, diverse workforce of high-performing talent is anchored in a long-term employment model that fosters an environment of personal growth and engagement. Chevron’s philosophy is to offer compelling career opportunities and a competitive total compensation and benefits package linked to individual and enterprise performance. Chevron recruits new employees in part through partnerships with universities and diversity associations. In addition, the company recruits experienced hires to provide specialized skills.
Chevron’s
learning and development programs are designed to help employees achieve their full potential by building technical, operating and leadership capabilities at all levels to produce energy safely, reliably and efficiently. Chevron’s leadership regularly reviews metrics on employee training and development programs, which are continually refined to meet the needs of our evolving business. The company invests in developing leadership at every level. For example, Chevron expanded a coaching program that reaches deeper into the organization, including frontline supervisors, managers and individual contributors.
In addition, to ensure business continuity, leadership regularly reviews the talent pipeline, identifies and develops succession candidates, and builds succession plans for key positions. The Board of Directors provides oversight of CEO and
executive succession planning.
Management routinely reviews the retention of its professional population, which includes executives, all levels of management, and the majority of its regular employee population. The annual voluntary attrition for this population was 4.5 percent, which is in line with rates over a five-year comparison period. The voluntary attrition rate generally excludes employee departures under enterprise-wide restructuring programs. Chevron believes its low voluntary attrition rate is in part a result of the company’s commitment to employee development, its long-term employment model, competitive pay and benefits, and its culture.
Chevron believes human ingenuity has the power to solve difficult problems when diverse people, ideas and experiences come together in an inclusive environment. Chevron reinforces the values of diversity and inclusion through recruitment and talent development, equitable selection processes, community partnerships and supplier diversity. Chevron strives to build an inclusive environment through innovative programs such as the company’s MARC (Men Advocating Real Change) program launched in 2017, in partnership with the non-profit organization Catalyst, to facilitate discussions on gender equity in the workplace. MARC is active in over 35 Chevron locations on six continents around the world with over 5,000 participants since inception.
Also, when hiring for a position, many selection processes now include inclusion counselors who help check against unconscious biases and provide outside perspectives.
Chevron’s leadership development also reflects Chevron’s diversity focus. In 2022, Chevron offered numerous leadership programs to promote leadership diversity, including the Global Women’s Leadership Development Program, Transformational Leadership for Multicultural Women, Executive Leadership Council (U.S. Black employees), Asia Pacific Leadership Development Program, Asian American Leadership Development Program, and Latino Leadership Development Program. In addition, Chevron has 11 employee networks (voluntary groups of employees that come together based on shared identity or interests) and a Chairman’s Inclusion Council, which provides the employee network presidents with a direct line of communication to the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, the Chief
Human Resources Officer, the Chief Diversity and Inclusion Officer, and the executive leadership team to collaborate and discuss how employee networks can reinforce Chevron’s values of diversity and inclusion.
Employee Engagement
Employee engagement is an indicator of employee well-being and commitment to the company’s values, purpose and strategies. Chevron regularly conducts employee surveys to assess the health of the company’s culture; recent surveys indicate high employee engagement. Chevron’s survey frequency enables the company to better understand employee sentiment throughout the year and gain insights into employee well-being.
The company also introduced surveys to understand employee experience trends throughout the employee lifecycle.
Chevron prioritizes the health, safety and well-being of its employees. Chevron’s safety culture empowers every member of its workforce to exercise stop-work authority without repercussion to address any potential unsafe work conditions. The company has set clear expectations for leaders to deliver operational excellence by demonstrating their commitment to prioritizing the safety and health of its workforce, and the protection of communities, the environment and the company’s assets. Additionally, the
company offers long-standing employee support programs such as Ombuds, an independent resource designed to equip employees with options to address and resolve workplace issues; a company hotline, where employees can report concerns to the Corporate Compliance department; and an Employee Assistance Program, a confidential consulting service that can help employees resolve a broad range of personal, family and work-related concerns. In February, Chevron received the 2023 Platinum Bell Seal for Workplace Mental Health by Mental Health America. The Bell Seal is a first-of-its-kind workplace mental health certification that recognizes employers who strive to create mentally healthy workplaces for their employees.
The upstream and downstream activities of the company and its equity affiliates are widely dispersed geographically, with operations and projects* in North America, South America, Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia. These activities are managed by the Oil, Products and Gas organization. Tabulations of segment sales and other operating revenues, earnings, assets, and income taxes for the three years ending December 31, 2022, and assets as of the end of 2022 and 2021 — for the United States and the company’s international geographic areas —
are in Note 14 Operating Segments and Geographic Data to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Similar comparative data for the company’s investments in and income from equity affiliates and property, plant and equipment are in Note 15 Investments and Advances and Note 18 Property, Plant and Equipment. Refer to Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for a discussion of the
company’s Capital Expenditures.
Upstream
Reserves
Refer to Table V for a tabulation of the company’s proved reserves by geographic area, at the beginning of 2020 and at each year-end from 2020 through 2022.
Reserves governance, technologies used in establishing proved reserves additions, and major changes to proved reserves by geographic area for the three-year period ended December 31, 2022, are summarized in the discussion for Table V. Discussion is also provided regarding the nature of, status of, and planned future activities associated with the development of proved undeveloped reserves. The company recognizes reserves for projects with various development periods, sometimes exceeding five years. The external factors that impact the duration of a project include scope and complexity, remoteness or adverse operating conditions, infrastructure constraints, and contractual limitations.
At December 31, 2022, 36 percent of the
company’s net proved oil-equivalent reserves were located in the United States, 16 percent were located in Australia and 14 percent were located in Kazakhstan.
The net proved reserve balances at the end of each of the three years 2020 through 2022 are shown in the following table:
At December 31
2022
2021
2020
Crude
Oil, Condensate and Synthetic Oil — Millions of barrels
Consolidated Companies
3,868
3,821
3,766
Affiliated Companies
1,129
1,254
1,553
Total
Crude Oil, Condensate and Synthetic Oil
4,997
5,075
5,319
Natural Gas Liquids — Millions of barrels
Consolidated Companies
1,002
935
709
Affiliated
Companies
86
103
119
Total Natural Gas Liquids
1,088
1,038
828
Natural Gas — Billions of cubic feet
Consolidated
Companies
28,765
28,314
27,006
Affiliated Companies
2,099
2,594
2,916
Total Natural Gas
30,864
30,908
29,922
Oil-Equivalent —
Millions of barrels1
Consolidated Companies
9,664
9,475
8,976
Affiliated Companies
1,565
1,789
2,158
Total
Oil-Equivalent
11,229
11,264
11,134
1 Oil-equivalent conversion ratio is 6,000 cubic feet of natural gas = 1 barrel of crude oil.
* As used in this report, the term “project” may describe new upstream development activity, individual phases in a multiphase development, maintenance activities, certain existing assets, new
investments in downstream and chemicals capacity, investments in emerging and sustainable energy activities, and certain other activities. All of these terms are used for convenience only and are not intended as a precise description of the term “project” as it relates to any specific governmental law or regulation.
Average Sales Prices and Production Costs per Unit of Production
Refer to Table IV for the company’s average sales price per barrel of crude (including crude oil and condensate) and natural gas liquids and per thousand cubic feet of natural gas produced, and the average production cost per oil-equivalent barrel for 2022, 2021 and 2020.
Gross and Net Productive Wells
The following table summarizes gross and
net productive wells at year-end 2022 for the company and its affiliates:
1
Gross wells represent the total number of wells in which Chevron has an ownership interest. Net wells represent the sum of Chevron’s ownership interest in gross wells.
2 Includes gross 1,427 and net 482 productive oil wells for interests accounted for by the non-equity method.
Production Outlook
The company estimates its average worldwide oil-equivalent production in 2023, assuming a Brent crude oil price of $80 per barrel, to be flat to up three percent compared to 2022. This estimate is subject
to many factors and uncertainties, as described beginning on page 36. Refer to the Review of Ongoing Exploration and Production Activities in Key Areas for a discussion of the company’s major crude oil and natural gas development projects.
Acreage
At December 31, 2022, the company owned or had under lease or similar agreements undeveloped and developed crude oil and natural gas properties throughout the world.
The geographical distribution of the company’s acreage is shown in the following table:
Undeveloped2
Developed
Developed and Undeveloped
Thousands of acres1
Gross
Net
Gross
Net
Gross
Net
United States
3,784
3,277
3,909
2,565
7,693
5,842
Other
Americas
19,322
11,109
1,088
239
20,410
11,348
Africa
10,286
5,695
1,884
793
12,170
6,488
Asia
16,850
6,795
1,105
430
17,955
7,225
Australia
2,853
1,933
2,069
815
4,922
2,748
Europe
103
20
15
3
118
23
Total
Consolidated Companies
53,198
28,829
10,070
4,845
63,268
33,674
Affiliates3
695
286
109
50
804
336
Total
Including Affiliates
53,893
29,115
10,179
4,895
64,072
34,010
1 Gross acres represent the total number of acres in which Chevron has an ownership interest. Net acres represent the sum of Chevron’s ownership interest in gross acres.
2 The
gross undeveloped acres that will expire in 2023, 2024 and 2025 if production is not established by certain required dates are 4,387, 996, and 1,412, respectively.
3 Includes gross 405 and net 141 undeveloped and gross 19 and net 5 developed acreage for interests accounted for by the non-equity method.
Net Production of Crude Oil, Natural Gas Liquids and Natural Gas
The following table summarizes the net production of crude oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas for 2022 and 2021 by the company and its affiliates. Worldwide oil-equivalent production of 3 million barrels per day in 2022 was down approximately 3 percent from 2021. International production decreased 7 percent in 2022 primarily due to the end of concessions in Thailand and Indonesia, while U.S. production increased 4 percent compared to 2021, mainly in the Permian Basin. Refer to the Results of Operations section for a
detailed discussion of the factors explaining the changes in production for liquids (including crude oil, condensate, natural gas liquids and synthetic oil) and natural gas, and refer to Table V for information on annual production by geographical region.
Components
of Oil-Equivalent
Oil-Equivalent
Crude Oil
Natural Gas Liquids
Natural Gas
Thousands of barrels per day (MBPD)
(MBPD)1
(MBPD)2
(MBPD)
(MMCFPD)
Millions
of cubic feet per day (MMCFPD)
2022
2021
2022
2021
2022
2021
2022
2021
United States
1,181
1,139
650
643
238
215
1,758
1,689
Other
Americas
Argentina
40
33
35
28
—
—
34
31
Brazil
—
3
—
3
—
—
—
—
Canada3
139
161
109
129
7
7
135
150
Total
Other Americas
179
197
144
160
7
7
169
181
Africa
Angola
70
78
57
65
4
5
49
52
Equatorial
Guinea
56
52
12
12
7
6
223
204
Nigeria
152
165
101
118
6
6
266
246
Republic
of Congo
31
39
28
36
1
1
11
13
Total Africa
309
334
198
231
18
18
549
515
Asia
Bangladesh
118
112
2
2
—
—
696
655
China
28
30
10
12
—
—
109
104
Indonesia4
3
67
1
62
—
—
18
30
Israel
101
91
1
1
—
—
602
541
Kazakhstan
40
41
24
24
—
—
96
103
Kurdistan
Region of Iraq
1
2
1
2
—
—
—
—
Myanmar
17
15
—
—
—
—
94
92
Partitioned
Zone
60
58
58
56
—
—
7
7
Thailand4
67
163
18
41
—
—
298
736
Total
Asia
435
579
115
200
—
—
1,920
2,268
Australia
Australia
482
449
42
43
—
—
2,643
2,434
Total
Australia
482
449
42
43
—
—
2,643
2,434
Europe
United
Kingdom
14
14
13
13
—
—
9
6
Total Europe
14
14
13
13
—
—
9
6
Total
Consolidated Companies
2,600
2,712
1,162
1,290
263
240
7,048
7,093
Affiliates5
399
387
278
263
16
21
629
616
Total
Including Affiliates6
2,999
3,099
1,440
1,553
279
261
7,677
7,709
1
Oil-equivalent conversion ratio is 6,000 cubic feet of natural gas = 1 barrel of crude oil.
2 Includes crude oil, condensate and synthetic oil.
3 Includes synthetic oil:
45
55
45
55
—
—
—
—
4 Chevron
concessions expired in 2021 (Indonesia) and 2022 (Thailand).
5 Volumes represent Chevron’s share of production by affiliates, including Tengizchevroil in Kazakhstan and Angola LNG in Angola.
6 Volumes include natural gas consumed in operations of 570 million and 592million cubic feet per day in 2022 and 2021, respectively. Total “as sold” natural gas volumes were 7,107 million and 7,117 million cubic feet per day for 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Delivery
Commitments
The company sells crude oil and natural gas from its producing operations under a variety of contractual obligations. Most contracts generally commit the company to sell quantities based on production from specified properties, but some natural gas and crude oil sales contracts specify delivery of fixed and determinable quantities.
In the United States, the company is contractually committed to deliver approximately 7 million barrels of crude oil and 729 billion cubic feet of natural gas to third parties from 2023 through 2025. The company believes it can satisfy these contracts through a combination of equity production from the company’s proved developed U.S. reserves and third-party purchases. These commitments are primarily based on contracts
with indexed pricing terms.
Outside the United States, the company is contractually committed to deliver a total of 2.8 trillion cubic feet of natural gas to third parties from 2023 through 2025 from operations in Australia and Israel. The Australia sales contracts contain variable pricing formulas that generally reference the prevailing market price for crude oil, natural gas or other petroleum products at the time of delivery. The sales contracts for Israel contain formulas that generally reflect an initial base price subject to price indexation, Brent-linked or other, over the life of the contract.
The company believes it can satisfy these contracts from quantities available from production of the company’s proved developed reserves in these countries.
Development Activities
Refer to Table I for details associated with the company’s development expenditures and costs of proved property
acquisitions for 2022, 2021 and 2020.
The following table summarizes the company’s net interest in productive and dry development wells completed in each of the past three years, and the status of the company’s development wells drilling at December 31, 2022. A “development well” is a well drilled within the known area of a crude oil or natural gas reservoir to the depth of a stratigraphic horizon known to be productive.
Wells
Drilling*
Net Wells Completed
at 12/31/22
2022
2021
2020
Gross
Net
Prod.
Dry
Prod.
Dry
Prod.
Dry
United States
185
98
454
2
319
2
539
2
Other
Americas
7
5
35
—
54
—
27
—
Africa
3
1
6
—
4
—
5
—
Asia
23
8
32
1
35
—
94
2
Australia
—
—
1
—
—
—
—
—
Europe
—
—
1
—
1
—
1
—
Total
Consolidated Companies
218
112
529
3
413
2
666
4
Affiliates
13
1
6
—
8
—
13
—
Total
Including Affiliates
231
113
535
3
421
2
679
4
* Gross wells represent the total number of wells in which Chevron
has an ownership interest. Net wells represent the sum of Chevron’s ownership interest in gross wells.
Exploration Activities
Refer to Table I for detail on the company’s exploration expenditures and costs of unproved property acquisitions for 2022, 2021 and 2020.
The following table summarizes the company’s
net interests in productive and dry exploratory wells completed in each of the last three years, and the number of exploratory wells drilling at December 31, 2022. “Exploratory wells” are wells drilled to find and produce crude oil or natural gas in unknown areas and include delineation and appraisal wells, which are wells drilled to find a new reservoir in a field previously found to be productive of crude oil or natural gas in another reservoir or to extend a known reservoir.
Wells
Drilling*
Net Wells Completed
at 12/31/22
2022
2021
2020
Gross
Net
Prod.
Dry
Prod.
Dry
Prod.
Dry
United States
1
—
3
2
2
2
4
1
Other
Americas
1
—
1
1
—
—
2
2
Africa
—
—
1
—
—
—
—
—
Asia
3
2
2
—
—
—
—
—
Australia
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Europe
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Total
Consolidated Companies
5
2
7
3
2
2
6
3
Affiliates
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Total
Including Affiliates
5
2
7
3
2
2
6
3
* Gross wells represent the total number of wells in which Chevron has an
ownership interest. Net wells represent the sum of Chevron’s ownership interest in gross wells.
Review of Ongoing Exploration and
Production Activities in Key Areas
Chevron has exploration and production activities in many of the world’s major hydrocarbon basins. Chevron’s 2022 key upstream activities, some of which are also discussed in the section Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, are presented below. The comments include references to “total production” and “net production,” which are defined under “Production” in Exhibit 99.1.
The discussion that follows references the status of proved reserves recognition for significant long-lead-time
projects not on production as well as for projects recently placed on production. Reserves are not discussed for exploration activities or recent discoveries that have not advanced to a project stage, or for mature areas of production that do not have individual projects requiring significant levels of capital or exploratory investment.
United States
Upstream activities in the United States are primarily located in Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, California, and the Gulf of Mexico. Acreage for the United States can be found in the Acreage table. Net daily oil-equivalent production in the United States can be found in the Net
Production of Crude Oil, Natural Gas Liquids and Natural Gas table.
As one of the largest producers in the Permian Basin, Chevron continues to capitalize on its advantaged portfolio in west Texas and southeast New Mexico with an outlook of one million barrels of net oil equivalent production per day by 2025. The asset is comprised of stacked formations enabling production from multiple geologic zones from single surface locations and staging the development for optimized capacity utilization of facilities and infrastructure. The company has implemented a factory development strategy utilizing multi-well pads to drill a series of horizontal wells that are subsequently completed concurrently using hydraulic fracture stimulation. This manufacturing-style process, combined with advantaged acreage holdings and technological
advancements, have enabled capital expenditure productivity improvements. Continued operational efficiencies and diversified land assets via non-operated joint ventures and royalty positions have also contributed to higher returns throughout the Permian portfolio. In addition to ongoing emission reduction and water handling initiatives, construction of a 50 percent joint venture solar power project in New Mexico to supply renewable energy for our oil and gas operations was completed and is expected to be operational in the first half of 2023. In 2022, Chevron’s net daily unconventional production in the Permian Basin averaged 327,000 barrels of crude oil, 184,000 barrels of natural gas liquids (NGLs) and 1.2 billion cubic feet of natural gas.
Chevron divested its assets in the Eagle Ford Shale in Texas in March 2022.
In Colorado, development in the Denver-Julesburg (DJ) Basin is
primarily focused on Chevron’s Mustang and Wells Ranch areas where the company’s comprehensive drilling plans allow for efficient resource development. In 2022, Chevron’s net daily production in the DJ Basin averaged 53,000 barrels of crude oil, 37,000 barrels of NGLs and 325 million cubic feet of natural gas.
Chevron also has operations in Colorado’s Piceance Basin, as well as an acreage position in Wyoming.
In 2022, 53 wells in Texas and 29 wells in Colorado achieved Project Canary’s highest certification rating on operational and environmental performance, allowing Chevron to market responsibly sourced natural gas.
In 2022, Chevron was one of the largest crude oil producers in California with a net daily
oil equivalent production of 87,800 barrels. The California operations support Chevron’s efforts to progress its lower carbon technologies with investments in geothermal and carbon capture pilots. These include the Baseload Capital pilot to utilize waste heat from existing oilfield operations and the Svante pilot to capture carbon dioxide from combustion of natural gas. These pilots leverage innovative technologies and have the potential to scale across our operations. The Baseload Capital and Svante pilots became operational in the third and fourth quarters of 2022, respectively.
During 2022, net daily production in the Gulf of Mexico averaged 172,000 barrels of crude oil, 12,000 barrels of NGLs and 101 million cubic feet of natural gas. Chevron is engaged in various operated and nonoperated exploration, development and production
activities in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico. Chevron also holds nonoperated interests in several shelf fields.
The deepwater Jack and St. Malo fields are being jointly developed with a host floating production unit located between the two fields. Chevron has a 50 percent interest in the Jack Field and a 51 percent interest in the St. Malo Field. Both fields are company operated. The company has a 40.6 percent interest in the production host facility, which is designed to accommodate production from the Jack/St. Malo development and third-party tiebacks. Additional development opportunities for the Jack and St. Malo fields progressed in 2022. The St. Malo Stage 4 waterflood project includes two new production wells, three injector wells, and topsides water injection equipment at the St. Malo Field. First water
injection is expected in 2024. Additional Jack development in 2022 consisted of a single well tieback and related subsea infrastructure installation. The Stage 4 multiphase subsea pump project replaces the single-phase subsea pumps in both the Jack and St. Malo fields. Multiphase pump module installation commenced in 2022. Proved reserves have been recognized for the multiphase subsea pump project. The Jack and St. Malo fields have an estimated remaining production life of more than 20 years.
The company has a 15.6 percent nonoperated working interest in the deepwater Mad Dog Field. First oil from the Mad Dog 2 Project is expected to commence in 2023. Proved reserves have been recognized for the Mad Dog 2 Project.
Chevron
has a 60 percent-owned and operated interest in the Big Foot project, located in the deepwater Walker Ridge area. Development drilling activities are ongoing, with an additional production well that came online in 2022. The project has an estimated remaining production life of more than 30 years.
The company has a 58 percent-owned and operated interest in the deepwater Tahiti Field. The Tahiti Field has an estimated remaining production life of more than 20 years.
Chevron has a 25 percent nonoperated working interest in the Stampede Field, which is located in the Green Canyon area. The Stampede Field has an estimated remaining production life of 25 years.
Chevron has owned and operated interests of 62.9 to 75.4 percent in the unit areas containing the Anchor
field. Stage 1 of the Anchor development consists of a seven-well subsea development and a semi-submersible floating production unit. The company successfully drilled the first development well to a total measured depth of 33,500 feet in 2022. Proved reserves have been recognized for Anchor, with first production expected in 2024.
Chevron has a 60 percent-owned and operated interest in the Ballymore Field located in the Mississippi Canyon, which is being developed as a subsea tieback to the existing Blind Faith facility. Chevron reached a final investment decision for Ballymore in May 2022. This project includes three production wells, with first oil expected in 2025. Proved reserves have been recognized for this project.
The
company has a 40 percent nonoperated working interest in the Whale discovery located in the Perdido area. First production is expected for Whale in 2024 and proved reserves have been recognized for this project.
During 2022, the company participated in six exploration wells in the deepwater U.S. Gulf of Mexico. Chevron was also formally awarded 34 leases during 2022 as a result of U.S. Gulf of Mexico lease sale 257.
In May 2022, Chevron acquired a 50 percent interest in the Bayou Bend Carbon Capture and Sequestration hub in the Gulf of Mexico, covering over 40,000 acres.
Other Americas
“Other
Americas” includes Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Mexico, Suriname and Venezuela. Acreage for “Other Americas” can be found in the Acreage table. Net daily oil-equivalent production from these countries can be found in the Net Production of Crude Oil, Natural Gas Liquids and Natural Gas table.
Argentina Chevron has a 50 percent nonoperated interest in the Loma Campana and Narambuena concessions in the Vaca Muerta Shale. At Loma Compana, 49 horizontal wells were drilled in 2022, with 46 wells in total put on
production. This concession expires in 2048, and the Narambuena concession expires in 2027.
Chevron also owns and operates a 100 percent interest in the El Trapial Field with both conventional waterflood and Vaca Muerta unconventional shale production. The conventional field concession expires in 2032.
In April 2022, Chevron was granted a new unconventional concession where it will operate the East area of the El Trapial Field in the Vaca Muerta shale formation, with a three-year pilot where it is expected to drill and complete five wells. Drilling operations began in August 2022 with three horizontal wells drilled in 2022. The unconventional concession expires in 2057.
Brazil Chevron holds between 30 and 50 percent
of both operated and nonoperated interests in 11 blocks within the Campos and Santos Basins. Chevron is in the process of relinquishing the Saturno block in the Santos Basin, in which it holds a 45 percent nonoperated working interest. Chevron participated in two exploration wells in 2022.
Canada Upstream interests in Canada are concentrated in Alberta and the offshore Atlantic region of Newfoundland and Labrador. The company also has interests in the Northeast British Columbia and the Beaufort Sea region of the Northwest Territories.
The company has a 20 percent nonoperated working interest in the Athabasca Oil Sands Project (AOSP) and associated Quest carbon capture and storage project in Alberta. Oil sands are mined from both the Muskeg River and the Jackpine mines, and bitumen is extracted from the oil sands and upgraded into synthetic oil. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the upgrader are reduced by carbon capture and storage facilities.
Chevron has a 70 percent-owned and operated interest in most of its Duvernay shale acreage. By the end of 2022, a total of 243wells have been tied into production facilities.
Chevron
has a 26.9 percent nonoperated working interest in the Hibernia Field and a 24.1 percent nonoperated working interest in the unitized Hibernia Southern Extension areas offshore Atlantic Canada. The company has a 29.6 percent nonoperated working interest in the heavy oil Hebron Field, also offshore Atlantic Canada, which has an expected remaining economic life of 25years.
The company has a 25 percent nonoperated working interest in blocks EL 1168 and EL 1148 located in offshore Atlantic Canada.
Colombia Chevron has a 40 percent-owned and operated interest in the offshore Colombia-3
and Guajira Offshore-3 Blocks.
MexicoThe company has a 37.5 percent-owned and operated interest in Block 22 in the Cuenca Salina area in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico. The company also holds a 40 percent nonoperated interest in Blocks 20, 21 and 23. Chevron participated in one exploration well in 2022. Chevron, as operator of the joint venture, is in the process of relinquishing Block 3 in the Perdido area of the Gulf of Mexico, in which it holds a 33.3 percent-owned and operated interest.
Suriname Chevron has a 40 percent owned and operated working interest in Block 5. Chevron also holds a 33.3 percent nonoperated working interest in deepwater Block 42 where one exploration
well was drilled during 2022. In April 2022, Chevron signed a production sharing contract (PSC) for the shallow water Block 7 with an 80 percent owned and operated working interest.
Venezuela Chevron’s interests in Venezuela are located in western Venezuela, the Orinoco Belt and offshore Venezuela. As of December 31, 2022, no proved reserves are recognized for these interests. In 2022, the company conducted activities in Venezuela consistent with the authorization provided pursuant to general licenses issued by the United States government. In November 2022, the Department of Treasury’s
Office of Foreign Assets Control issued a six-month self-renewing general license authorizing the company to lift production from its four nonoperated affiliate joint ventures in Venezuela for delivery to the United States.
Chevron has a 39.2 percent interest in Petroboscan, which operates the Boscan Field in western Venezuela under an agreement expiring in 2026. Chevron has a 30 percent interest in Petropiar, which operates the heavy oil Huyapari Field under an agreement expiring in 2033. Chevron also holds a 25.2 percent interest in Petroindependiente, which operates the LL-652 Field in Lake Maracaibo under a contract expiring in 2026, and a 35.8 percent interest in Petroindependencia, which includes the Carabobo 3 heavy oil project located in three
blocks in the Orinoco Belt. The Petroindependencia contract expires in 2035.
Chevron also operates and holds a 60 percent interest in the Loran gas field offshore Venezuela. This is part of a cross- border field that includes the Manatee field in Trinidad and Tobago. This license expires in 2039.
Africa
In Africa, the company is engaged in upstream activities in Angola, the Republic of Congo, Cameroon, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Namibia and Nigeria. Acreage for Africa can be found in the Acreage
table. Net daily oil-equivalent production from these countries can be found in the Net Production of Crude Oil, Natural Gas Liquids and Natural Gas table.
AngolaThe company operates and holds a 39.2 percent interest in Block 0, a concession adjacent to the Cabinda coastline. The Block 0 partners and National Concessionaire signed an extension for an additional 20 years in December 2021. This extension to 2050 is subject to legislative approvals.
Chevron also operates and holds a 31 percent interest in a PSC for deepwater Block 14 which expires in 2028.
Chevron
has a 36.4 percent interest in Angola LNG Limited, which operates an onshore natural gas liquefaction plant in Soyo, Angola. The plant has the capacity to process 1.1 billion cubic feet of natural gas per day. This is the world’s first liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant supplied with associated gas, where the natural gas is a byproduct of crude oil production. Feedstock for the plant originates from multiple fields and operators.
The Block 0 Sanha Lean Gas Connection Project (SLGC) execution continues and is expected to be completed in 2024. SLGC is a new platform that ties the existing complex to new connecting pipelines for gathering and exporting gas from Blocks 0 and 14 to Angola LNG.
In October 2022, first oil was announced for Lifua A in Block 0, which is the first stage of waterflood development in the Lifua field using a low-cost, short cycle solution that leverages existing infrastructure. In November 2022, South N’Dola, located in Area B of Block 0, reached final investment decision and will apply the same low-cost, short cycle solution as Lifua A.
In July 2022, a final investment decision was announced on the
Quiluma and Maboqueiro (Q&M) development, part of the New Gas Consortium Project (NGC) in which Chevron has a 31 percent nonoperated working interest. NGC is an offshore gas concession in which the Q&M fields will be the first to be developed. The Q&M scope includes two wellhead platforms and an onshore gas treatment plant with connections to the Angola LNG plant. Proved reserves have not been recognized for this project.
Angola-Republic of Congo Joint Development Area Chevron operates and holds a 31.3 percent interest in the Lianzi Unitization Zone, which is located in an area shared equally by Angola and the Republic of Congo. This interest expires in 2031.
Republic of Congo Chevron has a 31.5 percent nonoperated working interest in the offshore Haute Mer permit area. The permits for Nkossa, Nsoko and Moho-Bilondo were
extended in 2022 and now expire in 2040. Reserves have been recognized for the lease extension.
Cameroon Chevron owns and operates the YoYo Block in the Douala Basin. Preliminary development plans include a possible joint development between YoYo and the Yolanda field in Equatorial Guinea.
Egypt In the Mediterranean Sea, Chevron holds a 90 percent-owned and operated interest in North Sidi Barrani (Block 2) and North El Dabaa (Block 4) and a 45 percent interest in the Nargis block, as well as a 27 percent nonoperated working interest in both North Marina (Block 6) and North Cleopatra (Block 7). In 2022, the companysuccessfully drilled its first exploration
well and announced a significant gas discovery at the Nargis Offshore area. The well encountered approximately 200 net feet of high-quality gas-bearing sandstone. In the Red Sea, the company holds a 45 percent-owned and operated interest in Block 1.
Equatorial GuineaChevron has a 38 percent-owned and operated interest in the Aseng oil field and the Yolanda natural gas field in Block I and a 45 percent-owned and operated interest in the Alen natural gas and condensate field in Block O. Chevron holds an 80 percent-owned and operated interest in Block EG-09, offshore Equatorial Guinea, in the Douala Basin located south of the Alen and Aseng fields.
The
company also holds a 32 percent nonoperated interest in the natural gas and condensate Alba field, a 28 percent nonoperated interest in the Alba LPG Plant and a 45 percent interest in the Atlantic Methanol Production Company.
Namibia In September 2022, Chevron acquired an 80 percent-owned and operated interest in PEL90 (Block 2813B) in the Orange Basin, offshore Namibia.
Nigeria Chevron operates and holds a 40 percent interest in six concessions, five operated and one nonoperated in the onshore and near-offshore regions of the Niger Delta. The company also holds acreage positions in three operated and six nonoperated deepwater
blocks, with working interests ranging from 20 to 100 percent. Chevron participated in one exploration well in 2022.
Chevron is the operator of the Escravos Gas Plant (EGP) with a total processing capacity of 680 million cubic feet per day of natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas and condensate export capacity of 58,000 barrels per day. The company operates the 33,000-barrel-per-day Escravos Gas to Liquids facility. In addition, the company holds a 36.9 percent interest in the West African Gas Pipeline Company Limited affiliate, which supplies Nigerian natural gas to customers in Benin, Togo and Ghana.
Chevron operates and holds a 67.3 percent interest in the Agbami field, located in deepwater Oil Mining Lease (OML)
127 and OML 128. OML127 expires in 2024 and OML128 was extended in 2022 from 2024 to 2042. Additionally, Chevron holds a 30 percent nonoperated working interest in the Usan field in OML 138. The lease that contains the Usan field was extended in 2022 from 2023 to 2042. Reserves have been recognized for the extensions of OML 128 and OML 138.
In deepwater exploration, Chevron operates and holds a 55 percent interest, in the deepwater Nsiko discoveries in OML 140. Chevron also holds a 27 percent interest in OML 139 and OML 154 and the company continues to work with the
operator to evaluate development options for the multiple discoveries in the Usan area, including the Owowo field, which straddles OML 139 and OML 154. The development plan for the Owowo field involves a subsea tie-back to the existing Usan floating, production, storage, and offloading vessel.
Also, in the deepwater area, the Aparo field in OML 132 and OML 140 and the third-party-owned Bonga SW field in OML 118 share a common geologic structure and would be developed jointly. Chevron holds a 16.6 percent nonoperated working interest in the unitized area. The development plan involves subsea wells tied back to a floating production, storage and offloading vessel. At the end of 2022, no proved reserves were recognized for this project.
In May 2022,
Chevron divested its 40 percent operated interest in OML 86 and OML 88.
Asia
In Asia, the company is engaged in upstream activities in Bangladesh, China, Cyprus, Indonesia, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, Myanmar, the Partitioned Zone between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, Russia, and Thailand. Acreage for Asia can be found in the Acreage table. Net daily oil-equivalent production for these countries can be found in the Net
Production of Crude Oil, Natural Gas Liquids and Natural Gas table.
Bangladesh Chevron Bangladesh operates and holds 100 percent interest in Block 12 (Bibiyana field) and Blocks 13 and 14 (Jalalabad and Moulavi Bazar fields) under two PSCs. The rights to produce from Jalalabad expires in 2034, from Moulavi Bazar in 2038 and from Bibiyana in 2034. In October 2022, Chevron Bangladesh signed a supplemental agreement to Block 12 PSC extending the Bibiyana production area.
China Chevron has nonoperated working interests in several areas in China. The company has a 49 percent nonoperated working interest in the Chuandongbei project, including the Loujiazhai and Gunziping natural gas
fields located onshore in the Sichuan Basin. The company also has nonoperated working interests of 32.7 percent in Block 16/19 in the Pearl River Mouth Basin and 24.5 percent in the Qinhuangdao (QHD) 32-6 Block in the Bohai Bay. The PSCs for Block 16/19 and QHD 32-6 expire in 2028 and 2024, respectively.
CyprusThe company holds a 35 percent-owned and operated interest in the Aphrodite gas field in Block 12. Chevron operates the field with the government of Cyprus and has a license that expires in 2044.
Indonesia Chevron has working interests through various PSCs in Indonesia. In offshore eastern Kalimantan, the
company operates and holds a 62 percent interest in two PSCs in the Kutei Basin (Rapak and Ganal) and operates and holds a 72 percent interest in the Makassar Strait (West Seno field) temporary cooperation contract. The contracts for offshore eastern Kalimantan expire in December 2027 (Rapak and West Seno fields) and February 2028 (Ganal).
Chevron has concluded that the Indonesia Deepwater Development (IDD) Project held by the Kutei Basin PSCs does not compete in its portfolio and is evaluating alternatives for the company’s participating interest in these PSCs.
Israel Chevron holds a 39.7 percent-owned
and operated interest in the Leviathan field, which operates under a concession that expires in 2044. The company also holds a 25 percent-owned and operated interest in the Tamar gas field, which operates under a concession that expires in 2038. In 2022, Chevron reached final investment decision for Phase 1 of the Tamar Optimization Project to expand the company’s offshore facilities. Opportunities to further monetize the existing gas resources are being assessed for both the Tamar and Leviathan fields.
Kazakhstan Chevron has a 50 percent interest in the Tengizchevroil (TCO) affiliate and an 18 percent nonoperated working interest in the Karachaganak field.
TCO
is developing the Tengiz and Korolev crude oil fields in western Kazakhstan under a concession agreement that expires in 2033. Most of TCO’s 2022 crude oil production was exported through the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) pipeline.
In 2022, construction on the Future Growth Project and Wellhead Pressure Management Project (FGP/ WPMP) was largely completed. In addition, the FGP well program, consisting of 55 new wells, was completed in July 2022. WPMP is expected to begin start up by year-end 2023 with conversions of field gathering stations to low pressure continuing for about 12 months. FGP is expected to commence operations by mid-2024 with production expected to ramp up through year end. Proved reserves have been recognized for the FGP/WPMP.
The Karachaganak field is located in northwest Kazakhstan, and operations are conducted under a PSC that expires
in 2038. Most of the exported liquids were transported through the CPC pipeline during 2022. Development continued on the
Karachaganak Expansion project (KEP) Stage 1A and a final investment decision was reached to commence
KEP Stage 1B in late 2022. Proved reserves have been recognized for both projects.
Kazakhstan/RussiaChevron has a 15 percent interest in the CPC. Progress continued on the debottlenecking project, which is expected to further increase capacity. During 2022, CPC transported an average of 1.2 million barrels of crude oil per day, composed of 1.1 million barrels per day from Kazakhstan and 0.1 million barrels per day from Russia.
Kurdistan Region of IraqThe company holds a 50 percent nonoperated working interest in the Sarta PSC, which
expires in 2047, and a 40 percent nonoperated working interest in the Qara Dagh PSC. Chevron participated in two exploration wells in 2022.
Myanmar Chevron has a 41.1 percent nonoperated working interest in a PSC for the production of natural gas from the Yadana, Badamyar and Sein fields, within Blocks M5 and M6, in the Andaman Sea. The PSC expires in 2028. The company also has a 41.1 percent nonoperated working interest in a pipeline company that transports natural gas to the Myanmar-Thailand border for delivery to power plants in Thailand.
In 2022, Chevron signed an agreement to sell the company’s interest in all Myanmar assets and exit the country, with an expected
closing date in the second half of 2023.
Partitioned Zone Chevron holds a concession to operate the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s 50 percent interest in the hydrocarbon resources in the onshore area of the Partitioned Zone between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. The concession expires in 2046. Current activities focus on base business optimization and production enhancement opportunities.
Thailand Chevron holds operated interests in the Pattani Basin, located in the Gulf of Thailand, with ownership ranging from 35 percent to 71.2 percent. Concessions for producing areas within this basin expire between 2028 and 2035. Chevron has a 35 percent-owned and operated interest in the Ubon project in Block 12/27. Chevron also has a 16 percent nonoperated working interest in the Arthit field located in the Malay Basin. Concessions for the producing areas
within this basin expire between 2036 and 2040.
Within the Pattani Basin, the company previously held operated interests ranging from 70 to 80 percent of the Erawan concession, which expired in April 2022.
Chevron holds between 30 to 80 percent operated and nonoperated working interests in the Thailand-Cambodia Overlapping Claims Area that are inactive, pending resolution of border issues between Thailand and Cambodia.
Upstream activities in Australia are concentrated offshore Western Australia, where the company is the operator of two major LNG projects, Gorgon and Wheatstone, and has a nonoperated working interest in the North West Shelf (NWS) Venture and exploration acreage in the Carnarvon Basin.
Chevron holds a 47.3 percent-owned and operated interest in Gorgon on Barrow Island, which includes the development of the Gorgon and Jansz-Io fields, a three-train 15.6 million-metric-ton-per-year LNG facility, a carbon capture and underground
storage facility and a domestic gas plant. The Gorgon Stage 2 project is expected to be ready for startup in the first quarter of 2023. Progress on the Jansz-Io Compression project continued during 2022, and proved reserves have been recognized for this project. Gorgon’s estimated remaining economic life exceeds 40 years.
Chevron holds an 80.2 percent interest in the offshore licenses and a 64.1 percent-owned and operated interest in the LNG facilities associated with Wheatstone. Wheatstone includes the development of the Wheatstone and Iago fields, a two-train, 8.9 million-metric-ton-per-year LNG facility, and a domestic gas plant. The onshore facilities are located at Ashburton North on the coast of Western Australia. Wheatstone’s estimated remaining economic life exceeds 18 years.
Chevron has a 16.7 percent nonoperated working interest in the North West Shelf (NWS) Venture in
Western Australia. The company continues to evaluate exploration and appraisal activity across the Carnarvon Basin, in which it holds more than 1.9 million net acres. Chevron relinquished 4 million net acres in 2022 in the Carnarvon basin.
Chevron owns and operates the Clio, Acme and Acme West fields. The company is collaborating with other Carnarvon Basin participants to assess the possibility of developing Clio and Acme through shared utilization of existing infrastructure.
Chevron holdsnonoperated working interests ranging from 20 to 50 percent, in three greenhouse gas assessment permits to evaluate the potential of carbon storage. The blocks, including two in the Carnarvon Basin off the north-western coast of Western Australia and one in the Bonaparte Basin offshore Northern Territory, total nearly 7.8 million acres.
Chevron holds a 19.4 percent nonoperated working interest in the Clair field, located west of the Shetland Islands. The Clair Ridge project is the second development phase of the Clair field, with a design capacity of 120,000 barrels of crude oil and 100 million cubic feet of natural gas per day. The Clair field has an estimated remaining production life extending beyond 2050.
Sales of Natural Gas Liquids and Natural Gas
The company sells NGLs and natural gas from its producing operations under a variety of contractual
arrangements. In addition, the company also makes third-party purchases and sales of NGLs and natural gas in connection with its supply and trading activities.
U.S. and international sales of NGLs averaged 303,000 and 234,000 barrels per day, respectively, in 2022.
During 2022, U.S. and international sales of natural gas averaged 4.4 billion and 5.8 billion cubic feet per day, respectively, which includes the company’s share of equity affiliates’ sales. Outside the United States, substantially all of the natural gas sales from the company’s producing interests are from operations in Angola, Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Canada,
Equatorial Guinea, Kazakhstan, Indonesia, Israel, Nigeria and Thailand.
Refer to Selected Operating Data in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, for further information on the company’s sales volumes of natural gas liquids and natural gas. Refer also to Delivery Commitments for information related to the company’s delivery commitments for the sale of crude oil and natural gas.
Downstream
Refining
Operations
At the end of 2022, the company had a refining network capable of processing 1.8 million barrels of crude oil per day. Operable capacity at December 31, 2022, and daily refinery inputs for 2020 through 2022 for the company and affiliate refineries, are summarized in the table below. Average crude oil distillation capacity utilization was 85 percent in 2022 and 82 percent in 2021.
At U.S. refineries, crude oil distillation capacity utilization averaged 82 percent in 2022, compared with 83 percent in 2021. Chevron
processes both imported and domestic crude oil in its U.S. refining operations. Imported crude oil accounted for about 60 percent of Chevron’s U.S. refinery inputs in both 2022 and 2021.
In the United States, the company continued work on projects aimed at improving refinery flexibility and reliability. The Pasadena Refinery received regulatory approval for a project that is expected to increase light crude oil throughput capacity to 125,000 barrels per day in 2024. This project is expected to allow the company to run more equity crude from the Permian Basin, supply more products to customers in the U.S. Gulf Coast and realize synergies with the
company’s Pascagoula refinery.
Outside the United States, the company has interests in three large refineries in Singapore, South Korea and Thailand. Singapore Refining Company (SRC), a 50 percent-owned joint venture, has a total capacity of 290,000 barrels of crude per day and manufactures a wide range of petroleum products, including higher-quality gasoline that meets stricter emission standards. The 50 percent-owned GS Caltex (GSC) Yeosu Refinery in South Korea remains one of the world’s largest refineries with a total crude capacity of 800,000 barrels per day. The company’s 60.6 percent-owned refinery in Map Ta Phut, Thailand, continues to supply high-quality petroleum products into regional markets.
1 In
March 2020, the company sold its interest in the Pakistan refinery.
Marketing Operations
The company markets petroleum products under the principal brands of “Chevron,”“Texaco” and “Caltex” throughout many parts of the world. The following table identifies the company’s and its affiliates’ refined products sales volumes, excluding intercompany sales, for the three years ended December 31, 2022.
Refined
Products Sales Volumes
Thousands of barrels per day
2022
2021
2020
United States
Gasoline
639
655
581
Jet Fuel
212
173
139
Diesel/Gas
Oil
216
179
167
Fuel Oil
56
39
33
Other Petroleum Products1
105
93
83
Total
United States
1,228
1,139
1,003
International2
Gasoline
336
321
264
Jet Fuel
196
140
143
Diesel/Gas
Oil
464
471
438
Fuel Oil
168
177
184
Other Petroleum Products1
222
206
192
Total
International
1,386
1,315
1,221
Total Worldwide2
2,614
2,454
2,224
1 Principally naphtha, lubricants, asphalt, and coke.
2 Includes
share of affiliates’ sales:
389
357
348
In the United States, the company markets under the Chevron and Texaco brands. At year-end 2022, the company supplied directly or through retailers and marketers approximately 8,200 Chevron- and Texaco-branded service stations, primarily in the southern and western states. Approximately 310 of these outlets are company-owned or -leased stations.
Outside
the United States, Chevron supplied directly or through retailers and marketers approximately 5,600 branded service stations, including affiliates. The company markets in Latin America using the Texaco brand. In the Asia-Pacific region and the Middle East, the company uses the Caltex brand. In South Korea, the company operates through its 50 percent-owned affiliate, GSC. In Australia, Chevron markets primarily under the Puma brand and began a rebranding project to transition to the Caltex brand in 2022. In March 2022, Chevron started allowing customers at Caltex service stations in Singapore to use their loyalty points to offset a portion of the greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of the fuel purchased. In return,
Chevron purchases and retires carbon offsets.
Chevron markets commercial aviation fuel to 63 airports worldwide. The company also markets an extensive line of lubricant and coolant products under the product names Havoline, Delo, Ursa, Meropa, Rando, Clarity and Taro in the United States and worldwide under these three brands: Chevron, Texaco and Caltex.
Chevron Oronite Company develops, manufactures and markets performance additives for lubricating oils and fuels and conducts research and development for additive component and blended packages. At the end of 2022, the company manufactured, blended or conducted research at 11 locations around the world.
Chevron owns a 50 percent interest in Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC (CPChem). CPChem produces olefins, polyolefins and alpha olefins and is a supplier of aromatics and polyethylene pipe, in addition to participating in the specialty chemical and specialty plastics markets. At the end of 2022, CPChem owned or had joint-venture interests in 28 manufacturing facilities and two research
and development centers around the world.
CPChem has recently reached final investment decision on two major integrated polymer projects. In fourth quarter 2022, final investment decision was made on the Golden Triangle Polymers Project in Orange, Texas, for which CPChem holds a 51 percent owned and operated interest. In January 2023, final investment decision was made on the Ras Laffan Petrochemical Project in Ras Laffan, Qatar for which CPChem holds a 30 percent nonoperated working interest. Startup for both projects is targeted for late 2026.
In second quarter 2022 CPChem reached final investment decision on a Low Viscosity Poly Alpha Olefin Expansion Project at the CPChem Beringen, Belgium site, with a targeted startup in third quarter 2024. CPChem also continued to progress several other major projects at existing facilities in the U.S. Gulf Coast region, including: an Ethylene
Plant Debottleneck Project in Cedar Bayou, Texas, a C3 Splitter Project in Cedar Bayou, Texas, and a 1-Hexene plant in Old Ocean, Texas, all of which are targeted to startup in late 2023.
Chevron is also involved in the petrochemical business through the operations of GSC, the company’s 50 percent owned affiliate in South Korea. GSC manufactures aromatics, including benzene, toluene and xylene. These base chemicals are used to produce a range of products, including adhesives, plastics and textile fibers. GSC also produces olefins such as ethylene, polyethylene and polypropylene, which are used to make automotive and home appliance parts, food packaging, laboratory equipment, building materials, adhesives, paint and textiles.
Renewable
Fuels
The company continued to advance development of renewable fuels, which include renewable natural gas (RNG), renewable diesel, biodiesel, sustainable aviation fuel, and renewable base oils and lubricants.
The company continued to advance activities with its joint venture partners, Brightmark Fund Holdings LLC (Brightmark) and California Bioenergy, LLC. (CalBio), to produce and market dairy biomethane. In January 2022, Chevron’s joint venture with Brightmark announced plans to construct an anaerobic digestion project in California and in August 2022 it achieved first gas from the Athena Project in South Dakota. In October 2022, the company
expanded its partnership with CalBio to build additional infrastructure for dairy biomethane projects in California. In December 2022, Chevron acquired full ownership of Beyond6, LLC and its nationwide network of 55 compressed natural gas (CNG) stations to grow its renewable natural gas value chain.
In May 2022, Chevron formed a joint venture, Bunge Chevron Ag Renewables LLC, in which it holds a 50 percent working interest. The venture produces soybean oil from processing facilities in Destrehan, Louisiana, and Cairo, Illinois. Soybean oil can be used as a renewable feedstock to make renewable diesel, biodiesel, and sustainable aviation fuel.
In June 2022, Chevron completed the acquisition of the Renewable Energy Group, Inc. (REG), which has 11 biofuel refineries located in the U.S. and Germany, 10 biofuel refineries producing biodiesel
and one producing renewable diesel. Work commenced in August 2022 at the Emden refinery in Germany that is expected to reduce the carbon intensity of the biofuel produced at the facility. Expansion work at the Geismar renewable diesel plant in Louisiana continues to be on track, with full capacity expected in 2024.
Progress continues at the company’s El Segundo Refinery in California to increase its capacity to produce renewable fuels through fluid catalytic cracking unit co-processing of bio-feedstock and conversion of the diesel hydrotreater.
In April
2022, Chevron completed the purchase of the NEXBASE brand, associated qualifications and approvals, and related sales and marketing business from Neste Oyj. As part of the acquisition, Chevron maintains all current supply sources utilizing long-term offtake agreements. This addition of a fully approved global slate of Group III and renewable base oils complements Chevron’s Group II global slate.
Transportation
Pipelines Chevron owns and operates a network of crude oil, natural gas and product pipelines and other infrastructure assets in the United States. In addition, Chevron operates pipelines for its 50 percent-owned CPChem affiliate. The
company also has direct and indirect interests in other U.S. and international pipelines.
Refer to Nigeria and Kazakhstan/Russia in the Upstream section for information on the West African Gas Pipeline and the Caspian Pipeline Consortium.
ShippingThe company’s marine fleet includes both U.S. and foreign flagged vessels. The operated fleet consists of conventional crude tankers, product carriers and LNG carriers. These vessels transport crude oil, LNG, refined products and feedstock
in support of the company’s global upstream and downstream businesses. In April 2022, Chevron joined the Global Centre for Maritime Decarbonisation (GCMD) as a strategic partner to the organization. The Singapore-based nonprofit was launched in August 2021 to help the International Maritime Organization meet its greenhouse gas emissions reduction goals for 2030 and 2050 by supporting cross-industry collaboration.
Other Businesses
Chevron Technical CenterThe
company’s technical center develops and applies innovative technologies and digital solutions to support the current and future energy system.
The organization conducts research, develops and qualifies technology, and provides technical services and competency development. Areas of expertise include earth sciences, reservoir and production engineering, facilities engineering, reserve governance and reporting, capital projects, drilling and completions, asset performance, health, safety and environment, information technology, technology ventures, and downstream technology and services.
Chevron’s information technology organization integrates computing, telecommunications, data management, cybersecurity and network technology to provide a digital infrastructure to enable Chevron’s global operations and business processes.
The Chevron
Technology Ventures (CTV) unit identifies and invests in externally developed technologies and new business solutions with the potential to enhance the way Chevron produces and delivers affordable, reliable, and ever-cleaner energy. CTV has more than two decades of being the on-ramp for external innovation into Chevron, including venture investing, with eight funds that have supported more than 120 startups and worked with more than 250 co-investors.
In addition to the company’s own managed funds, Chevron also makes investments indirectly through the following funds: the Oil and Gas Climate Initiative (OGCI) Climate Investments’ Catalyst Fund I, which targets decarbonization within the oil and gas, industrial, built environments and commercial transportation sectors; Emerald funds, one of which targets energy, water, food, mobility, industrial
IT and advanced materials and another that focuses on sustainable packaging; Carbon Direct Capital, a growth equity investor in carbon management technologies; and the HX Venture Fund that targets Houston, Texas high-growth start-up companies.
Some of the investments the company makes in the areas described above are in new or unproven technologies and business processes; therefore, the ultimate technical or commercial successes of these investments are not certain. Refer to Note 27 Other Financial Information for quantification of the company’s research and development expenses.
Chevron
New EnergiesThe new energies organization is designed to advance the company’s strategy by bringing together dedicated resources focused on developing new lower carbon businesses that have the potential to scale. Its initial focus includes commercialization opportunities in hydrogen, carbon capture and storage, carbon offsets and emerging technologies such as geothermal. These businesses are expected to support the company’s efforts to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions and are also expected to become high-growth opportunities with the potential to generate competitive returns.
Environmental ProtectionThe company designs, operates and maintains its facilities to avoid potential spills or leaks and to minimize the impact of those that may occur. Chevron requires its facilities and operations to have operating standards and processes and emergency response plans that address significant risks identified through site-specific risk and impact assessments. Chevron also requires that sufficient resources be available to execute these plans. In the unlikely event that a major spill or leak occurs, Chevron also maintains a Worldwide Emergency Response Team comprised of employees who are trained in various aspects of emergency response, including post-incident remediation.
To complement
the company’s capabilities, Chevron maintains active membership in international oil spill response cooperatives, including the Marine Spill Response Corporation, which operates in U.S. territorial waters, and Oil Spill Response, Ltd., which operates globally. The company is a founding member of the Marine Well Containment Company, whose primary mission is to expediently deploy containment equipment and systems to capture and contain crude oil in the unlikely event of a future loss of control of a deepwater well in the Gulf of Mexico. In addition, the company is a member of the Subsea Well Response Project, which has the objective to further develop the industry’s capability to contain and shut in subsea well control incidents
in different regions of the world.
The company aims to lower the carbon intensity of its traditional oil and gas operations and comply with the greenhouse gas-related laws and regulations to which it is subject. Refer to Item 1A. Risk Factors on pages 20 through 26 for further discussion of greenhouse gas regulation and climate change and the associated risks to Chevron’s business. Refer to Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations Business Environment and Outlook on pages 32 through 34 for further discussion of climate change related trends and uncertainties.
As a global energy company, Chevron is subject to a variety of risks that could materially impact the
company’s results of operations and financial condition.
BUSINESS AND OPERATIONAL RISK FACTORS
Chevron is exposed to the effects of changing commodity pricesChevron is primarily in a commodities business that has a history of price volatility. The most significant factor that affects the company’s results of operations is the price of crude oil, which can be influenced by general economic conditions and level of economic growth, including low or negative growth; industry production and inventory levels; technology advancements, including those in pursuit of a lower carbon economy; production quotas or other actions that might be imposed by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries or other producers; weather-related
damage and disruptions due to other natural or human causes beyond our control (including without limitation due to the COVID-19 pandemic); competing fuel prices; geopolitical risks; the pace of energy transition; customer and consumer preferences and the use of substitutes; and governmental regulations, policies and other actions regarding the development of oil and gas reserves, as well as greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. Chevron evaluates the risk of changing commodity prices as a core part of its business planning process. An investment in the company carries significant exposure to fluctuations in global crude oil prices.
Extended periods of low prices for crude oil can have a material adverse impact on the company’s results of operations, financial
condition and liquidity. Among other things, the company’s upstream earnings, cash flows, and capital expenditure programs could be negatively affected, as could its production and proved reserves. Upstream assets may also become impaired. Downstream earnings could be negatively affected because they depend upon the supply and demand for refined products and the associated margins on refined product sales. A significant or sustained decline in liquidity could adversely affect the company’s credit ratings, potentially increase financing costs and reduce access to capital markets. The company may be unable to realize anticipated cost savings, expenditure reductions and asset sales that are intended to compensate for such downturns,
and such downturns may also slow the pace and scale at which we are able to invest in new business lines such as the lower carbon businesses associated with our Chevron New Energies organization. In some cases, liabilities associated with divested assets may return to the company when an acquirer of those assets subsequently declares bankruptcy. In addition, extended periods of low commodity prices can have a material adverse impact on the results of operations, financial condition and liquidity of the company’s suppliers, vendors, partners and equity affiliates upon which the company’s own results of operations and financial condition depends.
The scope of Chevron’s business will decline if the company does not successfully develop resourcesThe company is in an extractive business; therefore, if it is not successful in replacing the crude oil and natural gas it produces with good prospects for future organic opportunities or through acquisitions, the company’s business will decline. Creating and maintaining an inventory of projects depends on many factors, including obtaining and renewing rights to explore, develop and produce hydrocarbons; drilling success; reservoir optimization; ability to bring long-lead-time, capital-intensive
projects to completion on budget and on schedule; partner alignment, including strategic support; and efficient and profitable operation of mature properties.
The company’s operations could be disrupted by natural or human causes beyond its control Chevron operates in both urban areas and remote and sometimes inhospitable regions. The company’s operations are therefore subject to disruption from natural or human causes beyond its control, including risks from hurricanes, severe storms, floods, heat waves, other forms of severe weather, wildfires, ambient temperature increases, sea level rise, war or other military conflicts such as the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, accidents, civil unrest, political events, fires, earthquakes, system failures,
cyber threats, terrorist acts and epidemic or pandemic diseases such as the COVID-19 pandemic, some of which may be impacted by climate change and any of which could result in suspension of operations or harm to people or the natural environment.
Chevron’s risk management systems are designed to assess potential physical and other risks to its operations and assets and to plan for their resiliency. While capital investment reviews and decisions incorporate potential ranges of physical risks such as storm severity and frequency, sea level rise, air and water temperature, precipitation, fresh water access, wind speed, and earthquake severity, among other factors, it is difficult to predict with certainty the timing, frequency or severity of such events, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the company's results of operations or
financial condition.
Impacts of the continuation or further resurgences of the COVID-19 pandemic may have an adverse and potentially material adverse effect on Chevron’s financial and operating results The economic, business, and oil and gas industry impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic and the disruption to capital markets have been far reaching. While the oil and gas industry has witnessed a substantial recovery of commodity prices and demand for products, there continues to be uncertainty and unpredictability about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our financial and operating results in future periods. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic adversely impacts our future financial and operating results, and for what duration and magnitude, depends on several factors that are continuing to evolve, are difficult to predict and, in many instances, are beyond the
company’s control. Such factors include the duration and scope of the pandemic, including any further resurgences of the COVID-19 virus and its variants, and the impact on our workforce and operations; the negative impact of the pandemic on the economy and economic activity, including travel restrictions and prolonged low demand for our products; the ability of our affiliates, suppliers and partners to successfully navigate the impacts of the pandemic; the actions taken by governments, businesses and individuals in response to the pandemic; the actions of OPEC and other countries that otherwise impact supply and demand and, correspondingly, commodity prices; the extent and duration of recovery of economies and demand for our products after the pandemic subsides; and Chevron’s ability to keep its cost model in line with changing demand for our products. In-country conditions, including potential future waves of the COVID-19 virus and its variants in countries that
appear to have reduced their infection rates, could impact logistics and material movement and remain a risk to business continuity.
In light of the significant uncertainty around the duration and extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, management is currently unable to develop with any level of confidence estimates and assumptions that may have a material impact on the company’s consolidated financial statements and financial or operational performance in any given period. In addition, the unprecedented nature of such market conditions could cause current management estimates and assumptions to be challenged in hindsight.
In addition, further resurgences of the pandemic could precipitate or aggravate the other risk factors identified in this Form 10-K, which in turn could materially and
adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations and profitability, including in ways not currently known or considered by us to present significant risks.
Cyberattacks targeting Chevron’s process control networks or other digital infrastructure could have a material adverse impact on the company’s business and results of operations There are numerous and evolving risks to Chevron’s cybersecurity and privacy from cyber threat actors, including criminal hackers, state-sponsored intrusions, industrial espionage and employee malfeasance. These cyber threat actors, whether internal or external to Chevron, are becoming more sophisticated and coordinated in their attempts to access the company’s information
technology (IT) systems and data, including the IT systems of cloud providers and other third parties with whom the company conducts business
through, without limitation, malicious software; data privacy breaches
by employees, insiders or others with authorized access; cyber or phishing-attacks; ransomware; attempts to gain unauthorized access to our data and systems; and other electronic security breaches. Although Chevron devotes significant resources to prevent unwanted intrusions and to protect its systems and data, whether such data is housed internally or by external third parties, the company has experienced and will continue to experience cyber incidents of varying degrees in the conduct of its business. Cyber threat actors could compromise the company’s process control networks or other critical systems and infrastructure, resulting in disruptions to its business operations, injury to people, harm to the environment or its assets, disruptions in access to its financial reporting systems, or loss, misuse
or corruption of its critical data and proprietary information, including without limitation its intellectual property and business information and that of its employees, customers, partners and other third parties. Any of the foregoing can be exacerbated by a delay or failure to detect a cyber incident or the full extent of such incident. Further, the company has exposure to cyber incidents and the negative impacts of such incidents related to its critical data and proprietary information housed on third-party IT systems, including the cloud. Additionally, authorized third-party IT systems or software can be compromised and used to gain access or introduce malware to Chevron's IT systems that can materially impact the company’s business. Regardless of the precise method or form, cyber events could result
in significant financial losses, legal or regulatory violations, reputational harm, and legal liability and could ultimately have a material adverse effect on the company’s business and results of operations.
The company’s operations have inherent risks and hazards that require significant and continuous oversight Chevron’s results depend on its ability to identify and mitigate the risks and hazards inherent to operating in the energy industry. The company seeks to minimize these operational risks by carefully designing and building its facilities and conducting its operations in a safe and reliable manner. However, failure to manage these risks effectively
could impair our ability to operate and result in unexpected incidents, including releases, explosions or mechanical failures resulting in personal injury, loss of life, environmental damage, loss of revenues, legal liability and/or disruption to operations. Chevron has implemented and maintains a system of corporate policies, processes and systems, behaviors and compliance mechanisms to manage safety, health, environmental, reliability and efficiency risks; to verify compliance with applicable laws and policies; and to respond to and learn from unexpected incidents. In certain situations where Chevron is not the operator, the company may have limited influence and control over third parties, which may limit its ability to manage and control such risks.
The company
does not insure against all potential losses, which could result in significant financial exposureThe company does not have commercial insurance or third-party indemnities to fully cover all operational risks or potential liability in the event of a significant incident or series of incidents causing catastrophic loss. As a result, the company is, to a substantial extent, self-insured for such events. The company relies on existing liquidity, financial resources and borrowing capacity to meet short-term obligations that would arise from such an event or series of events. The occurrence of a significant incident, series of events, or unforeseen liability for which the
company is self-insured, not fully insured or for which insurance recovery is significantly delayed could have a material adverse effect on the company’s results of operations or financial condition.
LEGAL, REGULATORY AND ESG-RELATED RISK FACTORS
Chevron’s business subjects the company to liability risks from litigation or government actionThe company produces, transports, refines and markets potentially hazardous materials, and it purchases, handles and disposes of other potentially hazardous materials in the course of its business. Chevron's operations also produce byproducts, which may be considered pollutants.
Often these operations are conducted through joint ventures over which the company may have limited influence and control. Any of these activities could result in liability or significant delays in operations arising from private litigation or government action. For example, liability or delays could result from an accidental, unlawful discharge or from new conclusions about the effects of the company’s operations on human health or the environment. In addition, to the extent that societal pressures or political or other factors are involved, it is possible that such liability could be imposed without regard to the company’s causation of or contribution to the asserted damage, or to other mitigating factors.
Political instability and significant changes in the legal and regulatory environment could harm Chevron’s businessThe company’s operations, particularly exploration and production, can be affected by changing political, regulatory and economic environments in the various countries in which it operates. As has occurred in the past, actions could be taken by governments to increase public ownership of the company’s
partially or wholly owned businesses, to force contract renegotiations, or to impose additional taxes or royalties. In certain locations, governments have proposed or imposed
restrictions on the
company’s operations, trade, currency exchange controls, burdensome taxes, and public disclosure requirements that might harm the company’s competitiveness or relations with other governments or third parties. In other countries, political conditions have existed that may threaten the safety of employees and the company’s continued presence in those countries, and internal unrest, acts of violence or strained relations between a government and the company or other governments may adversely affect the company’s operations. Those developments have, at times, significantly affected the
company’s operations and results and are carefully considered by management when evaluating the level of current and future activity in such countries. Further, Chevron is required to comply with sanctions and other trade laws and regulations of the United States and other jurisdictions where we operate which, depending upon their scope, could adversely impact the company’s operations and financial results in certain countries.In addition, litigation or changes in national, state or local environmental regulations or laws, including those designed to stop or impede the development or production of oil and gas, such as those related to the use of hydraulic fracturing or bans on drilling, or any law or regulation that impacts the demand for our products, could adversely affect the
company’s current or anticipated future operations and profitability.
Legislative or regulatory changes in tax laws may expose Chevron to additional tax liabilities Changes in tax laws and regulations around the world are regularly enacted due to political or economic factors beyond the company’s control. Chevron’s taxes in the jurisdictions where the company conducts business activities have been and may be adversely affected by changes in tax laws or regulations, including but not limited to, substantive changes in, reductions in, or the repeal or expiration of tax incentives, such as U.S. federal tax incentives for biodiesel blending, which expire in 2024. Furthermore, Chevron’s tax returns are subject to audit by taxing authorities
around the world. There is no assurance that taxing authorities or courts will agree with the positions that Chevron has reflected on the company’s tax returns, in which case interest and penalties could be imposed that may have a material adverse effect on the company’s results of operations or financial condition.
During periods of high profitability for certain companies or industries, there are often calls for increased taxes on profits, often called “windfall profit” taxes. Governments in various jurisdictions, including California and Australia, have announced, proposed, or implemented windfall profit taxes for companies operating in the energy and oil and gas sectors. Such taxes may be imposed on us or may be increased in the future in these or
other jurisdictions. The imposition of, or increase in, such windfall profit taxes could adversely affect the company’s current or anticipated future operations and profitability.
Legislation, regulation, and other government actions and shifting customer and consumer preferences and other private efforts related
to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and climate change could continue to increase Chevron’s operational costs and reduce demand for Chevron’s hydrocarbon and other products, resulting in a material adverse effect on the company’s results of operations and financial condition Chevron has experienced and may be further challenged by increases in the impacts of international and domestic legislation, regulation, or other government actions relating to GHG emissions (e.g., carbon dioxide and methane) and climate change. International agreements and national, regional, and state legislation and regulatory measures that aim to directly or indirectly limit or reduce GHG emissions are in various stages of implementation.
Legislation, regulation, and other government actions related to GHG emissions and climate change could
reduce demand for Chevron’s hydrocarbon and other products and/or continue to increase Chevron’s operational costs. The Paris Agreement went into effect in November 2016, and a number of countries in which we operate may adopt additional policies to meet their Paris Agreement goals. Globally, multiple jurisdictions are considering adopting or are in the process of implementing laws or regulations to directly regulate GHG emissions through similar or other mechanisms, such as a carbon tax, a cap-and-trade program, or performance standards, or to indirectly advance reduction of GHG emissions through restrictive permitting, trade tariffs, minimum renewable usage requirements, increased GHG reporting and climate-related disclosure requirements, or tax advantages or other incentives to promote the use of alternative energy, fuel sources or lower-carbon technologies. For example, the company
is currently subject to implemented programs in certain jurisdictions, such as the Renewable Fuel Standard program in the U.S., California’s Cap-and-Trade Program and Low Carbon Fuel Standard, and newly approved mandates such as the California Air Resources Board Advanced Clean Cars II regulations, as well as other indirect regulation of GHG emissions, which may, among other things, ban or restrict technologies or products that use the company’s hydrocarbon products. GHG emissions that may be directly regulated through such efforts include, among others, those associated with the company’s exploration and production of
hydrocarbons; the upgrading of production from oil sands into synthetic oil; power generation; the conversion of crude oil and natural gas into refined hydrocarbon products; the processing, liquefaction, and regasification of natural gas; the transportation of crude oil, natural gas, and related products; and customers’ and consumers’ use of the company’s hydrocarbon products. In addition, the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) implements various incentives for lower carbon activities, including carbon capture and storage and the production of hydrogen and sustainable aviation fuel. Although the IRA offers incentives that could support certain lower carbon lines of business, those same incentives could negatively impact demand for our traditional base business of oil and gas products in the future
or any existing or future lower carbon business lines. Many of these actions, as well as customers’ and consumers’ preferences and use of the company’s products or substitute products, and actions taken by the company’s competitors in response to legislation and regulations, are beyond the company’s control.
Similar to any significant changes in the regulatory environment, climate change-related legislation, regulation, or other government actions may curtail profitability in the oil and gas sector or render the extraction of the company’s hydrocarbon resources economically infeasible. In particular,
GHG emissions-related legislation, regulations, and other government actions and shifting customer and consumer preferences and other private efforts aimed at reducing GHG emissions may result in increased and substantial capital, compliance, operating, and maintenance costs and could, among other things, reduce demand for hydrocarbons and the company’s hydrocarbon-based products; increase demand for lower carbon products and alternative energy sources; make the company’s products more expensive; adversely affect the economic feasibility of the company’s resources; impact or limit our business plans; and adversely affect the company’s sales
volumes, revenues, margins and reputation. For example, some jurisdictions are in various stages of design, adoption, and implementation of policies and programs that cap emissions and/or require short-, medium-, and long-term GHG reductions by operators at the asset or facility level, which may not be technologically feasible, or which could require significant capital expenditure, increase costs of or limit production and limit Chevron’s ability to cost-effectively reduce GHG emissions across its global portfolio.
The ultimate effect of international agreements; national, regional, and state legislation and regulation; and government and private actions related to GHG emissions and climate change on the company’s financial performance, and the timing of these effects, will depend on a number of factors. Such factors include, among others,
the sectors covered, the GHG emissions reductions required, the extent to which Chevron would be entitled to receive emission allowance allocations or would need to purchase compliance instruments on the open market or through auctions, the price and availability of emission allowances and credits and the extent to which the company is able to recover, or continue to recover, the costs incurred through the pricing of the company’s products in the competitive marketplace. Further, the ultimate impact of GHG emissions and climate change-related agreements, legislation, regulation, and government actions on the company’s financial performance is highly uncertain because the
company is unable to predict with certainty, for a multitude of individual jurisdictions, the outcome of political decision-making processes, including the actual laws and regulations enacted, the variables and tradeoffs that inevitably occur in connection with such processes, and market conditions.
Increasing attention to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) matters may impact our business Increasing attention to ESG matters, including those related to climate change and sustainability, increasing societal, investor and legislative pressure on companies to address ESG matters, and potential customer and consumer use of substitutes to Chevron’s products may result in changes to the portfolio of company activities, increased costs, reduced demand for our products, reduced profits, increased investigations and litigation or threats thereof, negative impacts on our stock price and access
to capital markets, and damage to our reputation. Increasing attention to climate change, for example, may result in demand shifts for our hydrocarbon products and additional governmental investigations and private litigation, or threats thereof, against the company. For instance, we have received investigative requests and demands from the U.S. Congress for information relating to climate change, methane leak detection and repair, and other topics, and further requests and/or demands are possible. At this time, Chevron cannot predict the ultimate impact any Congressional or other investigations may have on the company.
Some stakeholders, including but not limited to sovereign wealth, pension, and endowment funds, have been divesting and promoting divestment
of or screening out of fossil fuel equities and urging lenders to limit funding to companies engaged in the extraction of fossil fuel reserves. Further, voluntary carbon-related and target-setting frameworks have developed, and continue to develop, that limit the ability of certain sectors, including the oil and gas sector, from participating, and may result in exclusion of the company’s equity from being included as an investment option in portfolios. In addition, some stakeholders, including some of our investors, have divergent views on our ESG-related strategies and priorities, vis-à-vis our traditional and lower carbon lines of business, calling for focus on increased production of oil and gas products
rather than new business lines and climate-related targets. These circumstances, among others, may result in pressure from activists on production; unfavorable reputational impacts, including inaccurate perceptions or a misrepresentation of our actual ESG policies and practices; diversion of management’s attention and resources; and proxy fights, among other material adverse impacts on our businesses.
In addition, organizations that provide information to investors on corporate governance and related matters have developed ratings processes for evaluating companies on their approach to ESG matters, including climate change and climate-related risks (including entities commonly referred to as “raters and rankers”). Such ratings are used by some investors to inform their investment and voting decisions. Unfavorable ESG ratings
and investment community divestment initiatives, among other actions, may lead to negative investor sentiment toward Chevron and to the diversion of investment to other industries, which could have a negative impact on our stock price and our access to and costs of capital. Additionally, evolving expectations on various ESG matters, including biodiversity, waste and water, may increase costs, require changes in how we operate and lead to negative stakeholder sentiment.
Our aspirations, targets and disclosures related to ESG matters subject us to numerous risks that may negatively impact our reputation and stock price or result in other material adverse impacts to the company Chevron has announced an aspiration to achieve net zero Scope 1 and 2 emissions in upstream by 2050. The
company also has set nearer-term GHG emission-related targets for zero routine flaring, upstream carbon intensity, and portfolio carbon intensity. These and other aspirations, targets or objectives reflect our current plans and aspirations and are not guarantees that we will achieve them, particularly as we encounter new opportunities and/or limitations as our portfolio and market conditions evolve.
Our ability to achieve any aspiration, target or objective, including with respect to climate-related initiatives, our new lower carbon strategy outlined in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, pages 32 through 34, and any lower carbon new energy businesses, is subject to numerous risks, many of which are outside of our control. Examples of such risks include: (1) the continuing progress of commercially viable technologies and low- or non-carbon-based energy sources; (2)
the granting of necessary permits by governing authorities; (3) the availability and acceptability of cost-effective, verifiable carbon credits; (4) the availability of suppliers that can meet our sustainability and other standards; (5) evolving regulatory requirements affecting ESG standards or disclosures; (6) evolving standards for tracking and reporting on emissions and emission reductions and removals; (7) customers’ and consumers’ preferences and use of the company’s products or substitute products; and (8) actions taken by the company’s competitors in response to legislation and regulations.
The standards for tracking and reporting on ESG matters are relatively new, have not been harmonized and continue to evolve. Our selection of disclosure frameworks
that seek to align with various voluntary reporting standards may change from time to time and may result in a lack of comparative data from period to period. In addition, our processes and controls may not always align with evolving voluntary standards for identifying, measuring, and reporting ESG metrics, our interpretation of reporting standards may differ from those of others, and such standards may change over time, any of which could result in significant revisions to our goals or reported progress in achieving such goals. Achievement of or efforts to achieve aspirations, targets, goals and objectives such as the foregoing and future internal climate-related initiatives may increase costs, require purchase of carbon credits, or limit or impact the company’s business plans, operations and financial results, potentially resulting in the reduction to the economic end-of-life of certain
assets, an impairment of the associated net book value, among other material adverse impacts. Our failure or perceived failure to pursue or fulfill such aspirations, targets, goals and objectives or to satisfy various reporting standards within the timelines we announce, or at all, could have a negative impact on the company’s reputation, investor sentiment, ratings outcomes for evaluating the company’s approach to ESG matters, stock price, and cost of capital and expose us to government enforcement actions and private litigation, among other material adverse impacts.
GENERAL RISK FACTORS
Changes in management’s estimates and assumptions may have a material impact on the
company’s consolidated financial statements and financial or operational performance in any given periodIn preparing the company’s periodic reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including its financial statements, Chevron’s management is required under applicable rules and regulations to make estimates and assumptions as of a specified date. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and experience as of that date and are subject to substantial risk and uncertainty. Materially different results may occur as circumstances change and additional information becomes known. Areas requiring significant estimates and assumptions by management include impairments to property, plant and equipment and investments in affiliates; estimates of crude oil and natural gas recoverable reserves; accruals for
estimated
liabilities, including litigation reserves; and measurement of benefit obligations for pension and other postretirement benefit plans. Changes in estimates or assumptions or the information underlying the assumptions, such as changes in the
company’s business plans, general market conditions, the pace of energy transition, or changes in the company’s outlook on commodity prices, could affect reported amounts of assets, liabilities or expenses.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2. Properties
The location and character of the company’s crude oil and natural gas properties and its refining, marketing, transportation,
and chemicals facilities are described beginning on page 3 under Item 1. Business. Information required by Subpart 1200 of Regulation S-K (“Disclosure by Registrants Engaged in Oil and Gas Producing Activities”) is also contained in Item 1 and in Tables I through VII on pages 99 through 111 and Note 18 Properties, Plant and Equipment.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
The following is a description of legal proceedings that involve governmental authorities as a party and the company reasonably believes would result in $1.0 million or more
of monetary sanctions, exclusive of interest and costs, under federal, state and local laws that have been enacted or adopted regulating the discharge of materials into the environment or primarily for the purpose of protecting the environment.
As previously disclosed, the California Department of Fish and Game, Office of Spill Prevention and Response issued a Complaint - Notice of Violation (NOV) to Chevron for alleged violations related to oil spills and impacted habitat and species occurring between January 2018 and May 2022 at different Chevron fields within Kern County, California. Resolution of the alleged violations may result in the payment of a civil penalty of $1.0 million or more.
As previously disclosed, the California Department of Conservation, California Geologic Energy Management Division (CalGEM) (previously known as the Division of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources)
promulgated revised rules pursuant to the Underground Injection Control program that took effect April 1, 2019. Subsequent to that date, CalGEM issued NOVs and two orders to Chevron related to seeps that occurred in the Cymric Oil Field in Kern County, California. An October 2, 2019 CalGEM order seeks a civil penalty of approximately $2.7 million. Chevron has filed an appeal of this order. Chevron is currently in discussions with CalGEM to explore a global settlement to resolve the order and all past and present seeps in the Cymric Field, which would increase the amount of penalty paid.
Please see information related to other legal proceedings in Note 16 Litigation.
Item 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The company’s common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (trading symbol: CVX). As of February 10, 2023, stockholders of record numbered approximately 104,000. There are no restrictions on the company’s ability to pay dividends. The information
on Chevron’s dividends are contained in the Quarterly Results tabulation.
Chevron Corporation Issuer Purchases of Equity Securitiesfor Quarter Ended December 31, 2022
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures The
company’s management has evaluated, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that the company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2022.
(b) Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting The
company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). The company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013)issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on the results of this evaluation, the company’s management concluded that internal control over financial
reporting was effective as of December 31, 2022.
The effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its report included herein.
(c) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting During the quarter ended December 31, 2022, there were no changes in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information
Rule 10b5-1 Plan Elections
R. Hewitt Pate, Vice President
and General Counsel, entered into a pre-arranged stock trading plan on November 17, 2022. Mr. Pate’s plan provides for the potential exercise of vested stock options and the associated sale of up to 250,742 shares of Chevron common stock between February 20, 2023 and February 8, 2024.
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (since Apr 2019) Executive Vice President, Downstream (Jan 2016 - Mar 2019)
Finance;
Procurement
A. Nigel Hearne
55
Executive Vice President, Oil, Products & Gas (since Oct 2022)
President, Chevron Eurasia Pacific Exploration & Production (July
2020 - Oct 2022)
President, Chevron Asia Pacific Exploration & Production (Jan 2019
- June 2020)
Managing Director, Australia Business Unit (July 2016 - Dec 2018)
Upstream - Worldwide Exploration and Production; Downstream - Worldwide Manufacturing, Marketing, Lubricants, and Chemicals; Midstream - Worldwide
Mark
A. Nelson
59
Vice Chairman and Executive Vice President, Strategy, Policy & Development (since Feb 2023)
Executive Vice President, Strategy, Policy & Development (Oct
2022 - Feb 2023)
Executive Vice President, Downstream (since Mar 2019 - Sep 2022)
Vice President, Midstream, Strategy and Policy (Feb 2018 - Feb
2019)
Strategy & Sustainability; Corporate Affairs; Corporate Business Development
Eimear P. Bonner
48
Vice President (since Aug 2021), Chief
Technology Officer and President of Chevron Technical Center (since Feb 2021) General Director of Tengizchevroil (Dec 2018 - Jan 2021) General Manager of Operations of Tengizchevroil (Nov 2015 - Nov 2018)
Information Technology; Subsurface; Global Reserves; Wells; Asset Performance and Process Safety; Facilities Designs and Solutions; Capital Projects; Health, Safety and Environment; Downstream Technology
Jeff B. Gustavson
50
Vice President, Lower Carbon Energies (since Aug 2021) Vice President, Chevron North America Exploration & Production (Feb 2018 - July 2021)
Lower Carbon Solutions
Rhonda
J. Morris
57
Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer (since Feb 2019) Vice President, Human Resources (Oct 2016 - Jan 2019)
Human Resources; Diversity and Inclusion
R. Hewitt Pate
60
Vice President and General Counsel (since Aug 2009)
Law, Governance and Compliance
The
information about directors required by Item 401(a), (d), (e) and (f) of Regulation S-K and contained under the heading “Election of directors” in the Notice of the 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and 2023 Proxy Statement, to be filed pursuant to Rule 14a-6(b) under the Exchange Act in connection with the company’s 2023 Annual Meeting (the 2023 Proxy Statement), is incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The information required by Item 406 of Regulation S-K and contained under the heading “Corporate governance — Business conduct and ethics code” in the 2023 Proxy Statement is incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The information required
by Item 407(d)(4) and (5) of Regulation S-K and contained under the heading “Corporate governance — Board committees” in the 2023 Proxy Statement is incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The information required by Item 402 of Regulation S-K and contained under the headings “Executive compensation,”“Director compensation” and “CEO pay ratio” in the 2023 Proxy Statement is incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The information required by Item 407(e)(5) of Regulation S-K and contained under the heading “Corporate governance — Management compensation committee report” in the 2023 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC under the Exchange Act, the information under such caption incorporated
by reference from the 2023 Proxy Statement shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material,” or to be “filed” with the Commission, or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C or the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by Item 403 of Regulation S-K and contained under the heading “Stock ownership information — Security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management” in the 2023 Proxy Statement is incorporated by
reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The information required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K and contained under the heading “Equity compensation plan information” in the 2023 Proxy Statement is incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by Item 404 of Regulation S-K and contained under the heading “Corporate governance — Related person transactions” in the 2023 Proxy Statement is incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The
information required by Item 407(a) of Regulation S-K and contained under the heading “Corporate governance — Director independence” in the 2023 Proxy Statement is incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information required by Item 9(e) of Schedule 14A and contained under the heading “Board proposal to ratify PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm for 2023” in the 2023 Proxy Statement is incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Net
Income (Loss) Attributable to Chevron Corporation
$
35,465
$
15,625
$
(5,543)
Per Share Amounts:
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Chevron Corporation
–
Basic
$
18.36
$
8.15
$
(2.96)
– Diluted
$
18.28
$
8.14
$
(2.96)
Dividends
$
5.68
$
5.31
$
5.16
Sales
and Other Operating Revenues
$
235,717
$
155,606
$
94,471
Return on:
Capital Employed
20.3
%
9.4
%
(2.8)
%
Stockholders’
Equity
23.8
%
11.5
%
(4.0)
%
Earnings by Major Operating Area
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Upstream
United
States
$
12,621
$
7,319
$
(1,608)
International
17,663
8,499
(825)
Total Upstream
30,284
15,818
(2,433)
Downstream
United
States
5,394
2,389
(571)
International
2,761
525
618
Total Downstream
8,155
2,914
47
All
Other
(2,974)
(3,107)
(3,157)
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Chevron Corporation1,2
$
35,465
$
15,625
$
(5,543)
1 Includes
foreign currency effects:
$
669
$
306
$
(645)
2 Income net of tax, also referred to as “earnings” in the discussions that follow.
Refer to the Results of Operations section for a discussion of financial results by major operating area for the three years ended
December 31, 2022. Throughout the document, certain totals and percentages may not sum to their component parts due to rounding.
Business Environment and Outlook
Chevron Corporation is a global energy company with substantial business activities in the following countries: Angola, Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Canada, China, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Israel, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Nigeria, the Partitioned Zone between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, the Philippines, Republic of Congo, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Venezuela.
The company’s
objective is to safely deliver higher returns, lower carbon and superior shareholder value in any business environment. Earnings of the company depend mostly on the profitability of its upstream business segment. The most significant factor affecting the results of operations for the upstream segment is the price of crude oil, which is determined in global markets outside of the company’s control. In the company’s downstream business, crude oil is the largest cost component of refined products. Periods of sustained lower commodity prices could result in the impairment or write-off of specific assets in future periods and cause the company to
adjust operating expenses, including employee reductions, and capital expenditures, along with other measures intended to improve financial performance.
Governments, companies, communities, and other stakeholders are increasingly supporting efforts to address climate change. International initiatives and national, regional and state legislation and regulations that aim to directly or indirectly reduce GHG emissions are in various stages of design, adoption, and implementation. These policies and programs, some of which support the global net zero emissions ambitions of the Paris Agreement, can change the amount of energy consumed, the rate of energy-demand growth, the energy mix, and the relative economics of one fuel versus another. Implementation of jurisdiction-specific policies and programs can be dependent on, and can affect the pace of, technological advancements, the granting of necessary permits by governing authorities,
the availability of cost-effective, verifiable carbon credits, the availability of suppliers that can meet sustainability and other standards, evolving regulatory or other requirements affecting ESG standards or other disclosures, and evolving standards for tracking and reporting on emissions and emission reductions and removals.
Some of these policies and programs include renewable and low carbon fuel standards, such as the Renewable Fuel Standard program in the U.S. and California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard; programs that price GHG emissions, including
32
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
California’s Cap-and-Trade Program; performance standards, including methane-specific regulation such as the U.S. EPA’s forthcoming New Source Performance Standard and Emissions Guidelines for Existing Sources; and measures that provide various incentives for lower carbon activities, including carbon capture and storage and the production of hydrogen and sustainable aviation fuel, such as the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act. Requirements for these and other similar policies and programs are complex, ever changing, program specific and encompass: (1) the blending of renewable fuels into transportation fuels; (2) the purchasing, selling,
utilizing and retiring of allowances and carbon credits; and (3) other emissions reduction measures including efficiency improvements and capturing GHG emissions. While these compliance policies and programs may have negative impacts on the company now and in the future including, but not limited to, the displacement of hydrocarbon and other products, these policies have also enabled opportunities for Chevron as it grows and aims to further grow its lower carbon businesses. For example, the acquisition of Renewable Energy Group, Inc. (REG) in 2022 grew the company’s renewable fuels production capacity and increased the company’s carbon credit generation activities. Although we expect the
company’s costs to comply with these policies and programs to continue to increase, these costs currently do not have a material impact on the company’s financial condition or results of operations.
Significant uncertainty remains as to the pace in which the transition to a lower carbon future will progress, which is dependent, in part, on further advancements and changes in policy, technology, and customer and consumer preferences. The level of expenditure required to comply with new or potential climate change-related laws and regulations and the amount of additional investments needed in new or existing technology or facilities, such as carbon capture and storage, is difficult to predict with certainty and is expected to vary depending on the actual laws and regulations enacted, available technology options, customer and consumer preferences,
the company’s activities, and market conditions. As discussed below, in 2021, the company announced planned capital spend of approximately $10 billion through 2028 in lower carbon investments. Although the future is uncertain, many published outlooks conclude that fossil fuels will remain a significant part of an energy system that increasingly incorporates lower carbon sources of supply for many years to come.
Chevron supports the Paris Agreement’s global approach to governments addressing climate change and continues to take actions to help lower the carbon intensity of its operations while continuing to meet the demand for energy. Chevron believes that broad, market-based mechanisms are the most efficient approach to addressing GHG emission reductions. Chevron
integrates climate change-related issues and the regulatory and other responses to these issues into its strategy and planning, capital investment reviews, and risk management tools and processes, where it believes they are applicable. They are also factored into the company’s long-range supply, demand, and energy price forecasts. These forecasts reflect estimates of long-range effects from climate change-related policy actions, such as electric vehicle and renewable fuel penetration, energy efficiency standards, and demand response to oil and natural gas prices.
The company will continue to develop oil and gas resources to meet customers’ and consumers’ demand for energy. At the same time, Chevron believes that the future of energy is lower carbon. The
company will continue to maintain flexibility in its portfolio to be responsive to changes in policy, technology, and customer and consumer preferences. Chevron aims to grow its traditional oil and gas business, lower the carbon intensity of its operations and grow lower carbon businesses in renewable fuels, hydrogen, carbon capture, offsets, and other emerging technologies. To grow its lower carbon businesses, Chevron plans to target sectors of the economy where emissions are harder to abate or that cannot be easily electrified, while leveraging the company’s capabilities, assets and customer relationships. The company’s traditional oil and gas business may increase or decrease depending upon regulatory or market forces, among other factors.
In 2021, Chevron
announced the following aspiration and targets that are aligned with its lower carbon strategy:
2050 Net Zero Upstream Aspiration Chevron aspires to achieve net zero for upstream production Scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions on an equity basis by 2050.The company believes accomplishing this aspiration depends on, among other things, partnerships with multiple stakeholders including customers, continuing progress on commercially viable technology, government policy, successful negotiations for carbon capture and storage and nature-based projects, availability and acceptability of cost-effective, verifiable offsets in the global market, and granting of necessary permits by governing authorities.
2028 Upstream Production GHG Intensity
TargetsThese metrics include Scope 1, direct emissions, and Scope 2, indirect emissions from imported electricity and steam, and are net of emissions from exported electricity and steam. The targeted 2028 reductions from 2016 on an equity ownership basis include a:
•40 percent reduction in oil production GHG intensity to 24 kilograms (kg) carbon dioxide equivalent per barrel of oil-equivalent (CO2e/boe),
•26 percent reduction in gas production GHG intensity to 24 kg CO2e/boe,
33
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
•53 percent reduction in methane intensity to 2 kg CO2e/boe, and
•66 percent reduction in flaring GHG intensity to 3 kg CO2e/boe.
The company also targets no routine flaring by 2030. We have set 2016 as our baseline to align with the year the Paris Agreement entered into force, and the
company plans to update the metrics every five years in line with the Paris Agreement stocktakes. We believe these updates will provide additional transparency on the company’s progress toward its net zero aspiration.
2028 Portfolio Carbon Intensity TargetThe company also introduced a portfolio carbon intensity (PCI) metric, which is a measure of the carbon intensity across the full value chain of Chevron’s entire business. This metric encompasses the company’s upstream and downstream business and includes Scope 1 (direct emissions), Scope 2 (indirect emissions from imported electricity and steam), and certain Scope 3 (primarily
emissions from use of sold products) emissions. The company’s PCI target is 71 grams (g) carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) per megajoule (MJ) by 2028, a greater than five percent reduction from 2016.
Planned Lower-Carbon Capital Spend through 2028In 2021, the company established planned capital spend of approximately $10 billion through 2028 to advance its lower carbon strategy, which includes approximately $2 billion to lower the carbon intensity of its traditional oil and gas operations, and approximately $8 billion for lower carbon investments in renewable fuels, hydrogen and carbon capture and offsets. We anticipate setting additional capital spending targets as
the company progresses toward its 2050 upstream production Scope 1 and 2 net zero aspiration and further grows its lower carbon business lines.
During 2021 and 2022, the company spent $4.8 billion in lower carbon investments, including $2.9 billion associated with the acquisition of REG.
Refer to “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A, on pages 20 through 26 for further discussion of GHG regulation and climate change and the associated risks to Chevron’s business, including the risks impacting Chevron’s lower carbon strategy and its aspirations, targets and plans.
Income Taxes The effective tax rate for the
company can change substantially during periods of significant earnings volatility. This is due to the mix effects that are impacted by both the absolute level of earnings or losses and whether they arise in higher or lower tax rate jurisdictions. As a result, a decline or increase in the effective income tax rate in one period may not be indicative of expected results in future periods. Additional information related to the company’s effective income tax rate is included in Note 17 Taxes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), enacted in the United States on August 16, 2022, imposes several new taxes that will
be effective in 2023, including a 15 percent minimum tax on book income and a 1 percent excise tax on stock repurchases. The IRA also implements various incentives for lower carbon activities, including carbon capture and storage and the production of hydrogen and sustainable aviation fuel, and extends the federal biodiesel mixture excise tax credit through December 31, 2024. We do not currently expect the IRA to have a material impact on our results of operations.
Supply Chain and Inflation ImpactsThe company is actively managing its contracting, procurement, and supply chain activities to effectively manage costs and facilitate supply chain resiliency and continuity in support of the
company’s operational goals. Third party costs for capital, exploration, and operating expenses can be subject to external factors beyond the company’s control including, but not limited to: severe weather or civil unrest, delays in construction, global and local supply chain distribution issues, inflation, tariffs or other taxes imposed on goods or services, and market-based prices charged by the industry’s material and service providers. Chevron utilizes contracts with various pricing mechanisms, which may result in a lag before the company’s costs reflect changes in market trends.
Inflation continued to be a key factor impacting the economy over the last year. For
key oil and gas industry inputs (e.g. rigs, well services, etc.), markets are likely to remain tight with any upward pressure tied directly to possible increases in activity. In contrast, inflationary pressures have started to reduce for non-oil and gas specific goods and services as a result of reduced supply chain disruptions and a slowdown in economic activity. Chevron’s 2023 capital expenditure budget assumes cost inflation that averages in the mid-single digits with certain areas higher, such as in the Permian Basin that assumes low double-digit cost inflation. Chevron believes it is well positioned to manage its costs for 2023, in large part due to indexed contracts and secured supplies for critical inputs.
34
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Refer to the “Cautionary Statements Relevant to Forward-Looking Information” on page 2 and to “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A, on pages 20 through 26 for a discussion of some of the inherent risks that could materially impact the company’s results of operations or financial condition.
Other Impacts The company continually evaluates opportunities to dispose of assets
that are not expected to provide sufficient long-term value and to acquire assets or operations complementary to its asset base to help augment the company’s financial performance and value growth. Asset dispositions and restructurings may result in significant gains or losses in future periods.
The company closely monitors developments in the financial and credit markets, the level of worldwide economic activity, and the implications for the company of movements in prices for crude oil and natural gas. Management takes these developments into account in the conduct of daily operations and for business planning.
The COVID-19 pandemic
caused a significant decrease in demand for our products and created disruptions and volatility in the global marketplace beginning late in first quarter 2020. Demand has largely recovered as of year-end 2022; however, there continues to be uncertainty around the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may impact our future results, which could be material.
Earnings trends for the company’s major business areas are described as follows:
UpstreamEarnings for the upstream segment are closely aligned with industry prices for crude oil and natural gas. Crude oil and natural gas prices are subject to external factors over which the company has no control, including product demand
connected with global economic conditions, industry production and inventory levels, technology advancements, production quotas or other actions imposed by OPEC+ countries, actions of regulators, weather-related damage and disruptions, competing fuel prices, natural and human causes beyond the company’s control such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and regional supply interruptions or fears thereof that may be caused by military conflicts, civil unrest or political uncertainty. Any of these factors could also inhibit the company’s production capacity in an affected region. The company closely monitors developments in the countries in which it operates and holds investments and seeks to manage risks in operating its facilities and
businesses.
The longer-term trend in earnings for the upstream segment is also a function of other factors, including the company’s ability to find or acquire and efficiently produce crude oil and natural gas, changes in fiscal terms of contracts, the pace of energy transition, and changes in tax, environmental and other applicable laws and regulations.
Chevron has interests in Venezuelan assets operated by independent affiliates. Chevron has been conducting limited activities in Venezuela consistent with the authorization provided pursuant to general licenses issued by the United States government. In fourth quarter 2022, Chevron received License 41 from the United States government, enabling the
company to resume activity in Venezuela subject to certain limitations. The financial results for Chevron’s business in Venezuela are being recorded as non-equity investments since 2020, where income is only recognized when cash is received and production and reserves are not included in the company's results. Crude oil liftings in Venezuela commenced in first quarter 2023, which are expected to positively impact the company’s results going forward.
Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC), an equity affiliate, operates a 935-mile crude oil export pipeline from the Tengiz Field in Kazakhstan to tanker-loading facilities at Novorossiysk on the Russian coast of the Black Sea, providing the main export route for crude oil production from TCO, Karachaganak and other
producing fields in Kazakhstan. The tanker loading facilities at Novorossiysk consist of three single point mooring facilities, with availability of two or more required to operate at full capacity. CPC is capable of operating at approximately 70 percent of capacity with one single point mooring facility in service. Two of the three offshore loading moorings at the CPC marine terminal were taken out of service during August 2022 for equipment repairs identified during normal maintenance. Repairs were completed in fourth quarter 2022. Production at TCO was not impacted by this CPC outage given turnaround activity at TCO and at other regional producers that ship through CPC. However, there is a risk that production from TCO could be curtailed in the future should availability of export facilities be constrained.
Governments (including Russia) have imposed and may impose additional sanctions and other trade laws, restrictions
and regulations that could lead to disruption in our ability to produce, transport and/or export crude in the region around Russia and could have an adverse effect on CPC operations and/or the company’s financial position. The financial impacts of such risks, including presently imposed sanctions, are not currently material for the company; however, it remains uncertain how long these conditions may last or how severe they may become.
35
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Commodity Prices The following chart shows the trend in benchmark prices for Brent crude oil, West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil and U.S. Henry Hub natural gas. The Brent price averaged $101 per barrel for the full-year 2022, compared to $71 in 2021. As of mid-February 2023, the Brent price was $85 per barrel. The WTI price averaged $95 per barrel for the full-year 2022, compared to $68 in 2021. As of mid-February 2023, the WTI price was $79 per barrel. The majority of the company’s equity crude production is priced based
on the Brent benchmark.
Crude prices increased in 2022 driven by geopolitical risk, supply decisions by OPEC+ and continued demand recovery due to the further easing of COVID-19 restrictions. The company’s average realization for U.S. crude oil and natural gas liquids in 2022 was $77 per barrel, up 37 percent from 2021. The company’s average realization for international crude oil and natural gas liquids in 2022 was $91 per barrel, up 41 percent from 2021.
In contrast to price movements in the global market for crude oil, prices for natural gas are also impacted by regional
supply and demand and infrastructure conditions in local markets. In the United States, prices at Henry Hub averaged $6.36 per thousand cubic feet (MCF) during 2022, compared with $3.85 per MCF during 2021. As of mid-February 2023, the Henry Hub spot price was $2.40 per MCF. (See page 43 for the company’s average natural gas realizations for the U.S.).
Outside the United States, prices for natural gas also depend on a wide range of supply, demand and regulatory circumstances. The company’s long-term contract prices for liquefied natural gas (LNG) are typically linked to crude oil prices. Most of the equity LNG offtake from the operated Australian LNG projects is committed
under binding long-term contracts, with some sold in the Asian spot LNG market. International natural gas realizations averaged $9.75 per MCF during 2022, compared with $5.93 per MCF during 2021, mainly due to higher LNG prices.
ProductionThe company’s worldwide net oil-equivalent production in 2022 was 3 million barrels per day. About 27 percent of the company’s net oil-equivalent production in 2022 occurred in OPEC+ member countries of Angola, Equatorial Guinea, Kazakhstan, Nigeria, the Partitioned Zone between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait and Republic of Congo.
The
company estimates its net oil-equivalent production in 2023, assuming a Brent crude oil price of $80 per barrel, to be flat to up 3 percent compared to 2022. This estimate is subject to many factors and uncertainties, including quotas or other actions that may be imposed by OPEC+; price effects on entitlement volumes; changes in fiscal terms or restrictions on the scope of company operations; delays in construction; reservoir performance; greater-than-expected declines in production from mature fields; start-up or ramp-up of projects; fluctuations in demand for crude oil and natural gas in various markets; weather conditions that may shut in production; civil unrest; changing geopolitics; delays in completion of maintenance turnarounds; storage constraints or economic conditions that could lead to shut-in production; or other disruptions to operations. The outlook for future production levels is also affected by the size and number of economic investment opportunities
and the time lag between initial exploration and the beginning of production. The company has increased its investment emphasis on short-cycle projects.
36
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Proved
Reserves Net proved reserves for consolidated companies and affiliated companies totaled 11.2 billion barrels of oil-equivalent at year-end 2022, a slight decrease from year-end 2021. The reserve replacement ratio in 2022 was 97 percent. The 5 and 10 year reserve replacement ratios were 92 percent and 99 percent, respectively. Refer to Table V for a tabulation of the company’s proved net oil and gas reserves by geographic area, at the beginning of 2020 and each year-end from 2020 through 2022, and an accompanying discussion of major changes to proved reserves by geographic area for the three-year period ending December 31, 2022.
Refer
to the “Results of Operations” section on pages 39 and 40 for additional discussion of the company’s upstream business.
Downstream Earnings for the downstream segment are closely tied to margins on the refining, manufacturing and marketing of products that include gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, lubricants, fuel oil, fuel and lubricant additives, petrochemicals and renewable fuels. Industry margins are sometimes volatile and can be affected by the global and regional supply-and-demand balance for refined products and petrochemicals, and by changes in the price of crude oil, other refinery and petrochemical feedstocks, and natural gas. Industry margins can also be influenced by inventory levels, geopolitical events, costs of materials and services, refinery or chemical plant capacity utilization, maintenance programs,
and disruptions at refineries or chemical plants resulting from unplanned outages due to severe weather, fires or other operational events.
Other factors affecting profitability for downstream operations include the reliability and efficiency of the company’s refining, marketing and petrochemical assets, the effectiveness of its crude oil and product supply functions, and the volatility of tanker-charter rates for the company’s shipping operations, which are driven by the industry’s demand for crude oil and product tankers. Other factors beyond the company’s control include the general level of inflation and energy costs to operate the
company’s refining, marketing and petrochemical assets, and changes in tax, environmental, and other applicable laws and regulations.
Refining margins were higher in 2022 because of recovering demand for refined products, low product inventories, lower industry refining capacity and lower product exports from Russia and China. Refining utilization was strong in 2022 to keep pace with demand growth. Although refining margins were elevated and still remain above historical levels, they fell considerably in late 2022. There are signs that higher refined product prices and concerns over macroeconomic conditions are slowing demand.
The company’s most significant marketing areas are the West Coast and Gulf Coast of the United States and Asia Pacific. Chevron operates or has significant ownership interests
in refineries in each of these areas. Additionally, the company has a growing presence in renewable fuels after acquiring REG.
Refer to the “Results of Operations” section on page 40 for additional discussion of the company’s downstream operations.
All Otherconsists of worldwide cash management and debt financing activities, corporate administrative functions, insurance operations, real estate activities and technology companies.
37
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Key noteworthy developments and other events during 2022 and early 2023 included the following:
AngolaAnnounced final investment decision for gas development projects at the Quiluma and Maboqueiro (Q&M) fields.
ArgentinaReceived a concession for the development of unconventional hydrocarbon resources in the east area of the El Trapial field for a 35-year
period.
Australia Received permits, as part of joint ventures, to assess carbon storage for three blocks totaling nearly 7.8 million acres in offshore Australia.
Canada Invested in Aurora Hydrogen, a company developing emission-free hydrogen production technology.
Egypt Made a significant gas discovery at the Nargis block offshore Egypt in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Finland Acquired Neste Oyj’s Group III base oil business, including its related sales and marketing business, and NEXBASETM brand.
Israel Approved a project to expand the
company’s Tamar gas field in offshore Israel.
Namibia Entered Namibia by acquiring an 80 percent working interest in a deepwater oil and gas exploration lease.
Nigeria Extended Agbami and Usan leases to 2042.
Qatar Reached final investment decision with QatarEnergy on Ras Laffan Petrochemicals Complex through the company’s 50 percent owned affiliate, Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC (CPChem).
Republic of Congo Extended the Haute Mer production sharing contract to 2040.
United
States Completed the sale of the company’s interest in the Eagle Ford Shale in Texas.
United States Approved the Ballymore project in the deepwater U.S. Gulf of Mexico. The field is planned to be produced through an existing facility with an allocated capacity of 75,000 barrels of crude oil per day.
United States Completed Project Canary pilot to independently certify operational and environment performance and earned highest certification rating for almost all participating Permian and DJ basins upstream assets, positioning the company to market responsibly sourced natural gas from the certified assets.
United
States Acquired a 50 percent stake in an expanded joint venture to develop the Bayou Bend Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) hub, with the goal of the hub becoming one of the first offshore CCS projects in the United States.
United States Formed a joint venture with Bunge North America, Inc. to develop renewable fuel feedstocks, leveraging Bunge’s expertise in oilseed processing and farmer relationships and Chevron’s expertise in fuels manufacturing and marketing.
United States Acquired REG, becoming the second largest producer of bio-based diesel in the United States.
United States Awarded 34 exploration leases in the Gulf of Mexico.
United States Announced investment
in a new joint venture with California Bioenergy LLC to build infrastructure for the company’s dairy biomethane projects in California.
United States Commenced a project expected to increase light crude oil processing capacity to 125,000 barrels per day at the company’s Pasadena, Texas refinery.
United States Reached final investment decision on a major integrated polymer project (Golden Triangle Polymers) in the U.S. Gulf Coast at its 50 percent owned affiliate, CPChem.
United States Completed construction of a joint venture solar energy project to generate renewable energy for the
company’s oil and gas operations in the Permian Basin.
United States Acquired full ownership of Beyond6, LLC and its nationwide network of 55 compressed natural gas stations to grow Chevron’s renewable natural gas value chain.
United States Announced joint venture with Baseload Capital to develop geothermal projects.
United States Announced collaboration with Raven SR Inc. and Hyzon Motors to produce hydrogen from green waste.
38
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
United States Announced agreements or investments in companies to access and possibly develop lower carbon technologies, including Iwatani Corporation (hydrogen fueling sites), Carbon Clean Solutions Limited (carbon capture), TAE Technologies (nuclear fusion) and Svante Technology Inc. (carbon capture).
Common Stock Dividends The 2022 annual dividend was $5.68 per share, making 2022 the 35th consecutive year that the company increased its annual per share dividend
payout. In January 2023, the company’s Board of Directors increased its quarterly dividend by $0.09 per share, approximately six percent, to $1.51 per share payable in March 2023.
Common Stock Repurchase Program The company repurchased $11.25 billion of its common stock in 2022 under its stock repurchase program. For more information on the common stock repurchase program, see Liquidity and Capital Resources.
Results of Operations
The following section presents the results of operations and variances on an after-tax basis for the company’s business segments – Upstream and Downstream – as well as for “All Other.” Earnings are also presented for the U.S. and international geographic areas of the Upstream and Downstream business segments. Refer to Note 14 Operating Segments and Geographic Data for a discussion of the company’s “reportable segments.” This section should also be read in conjunction with the discussion in Business
Environment and Outlook. Refer to the Selected Operating Data for a three-year comparison of production volumes, refined product sales volumes and refinery inputs. A discussion of variances between 2021 and 2020 can be found in the “Results of Operations” section on pages 39 through 40 of the company’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 24, 2022.
U.S. Upstream
Millions
of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Earnings (Loss)
$
12,621
$
7,319
$
(1,608)
U.S. upstream reported earnings of $12.6 billion in 2022, compared with $7.3 billion in 2021. The increase
was due to higher realizations of $6.6 billion and higher sales volumes of $380 million, partially offset by higher operating expenses of $1.1 billion largely due to an early contract termination at Sabine Pass and lower asset sale gains of $670 million.
The company’s average realization for U.S. crude oil and natural gas liquids in 2022 was $76.71 per barrel compared with $56.06 in 2021. The average natural gas realization was $5.55 per thousand cubic feet in 2022, compared with $3.11 in 2021.
Net oil-equivalent production in 2022 averaged 1.18 million barrels per day, up 4 percent from 2021. The increase was primarily due to net production increases in the Permian Basin.
The
net liquids component of oil-equivalent production for 2022 averaged 888,000 barrels per day, up 3 percent from 2021. Net natural gas production averaged 1.76 billion cubic feet per day in 2022, an increase of 4 percent from 2021.
39
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
International upstream reported earnings of $17.7 billion in 2022, compared with $8.5 billion in 2021. The increase was primarily due to higher realizations of $10.0 billion, lower operating expenses, lower depreciation, depletion and amortization related to end of concessions in Indonesia and Thailand of $1.3 billion and asset sale gains of $220 million. This was partially offset by lower sales volumes of $1.3 billion (also largely
associated with the end of concessions in Indonesia and Thailand) and write-off and impairment charges of $1.1 billion. Foreign currency effects had a favorable impact on earnings of $514 million between periods.
The company’s average realization for international crude oil and natural gas liquids in 2022 was $90.71 per barrel compared with $64.53 in 2021. The average natural gas realization was $9.75 per thousand cubic feet in 2022 compared with $5.93 in 2021.
International net oil-equivalent production was 1.82 million barrels per day in 2022, down 7 percent from 2021. The decrease was primarily due to lower production following expiration of the Erawan concession in Thailand and Rokan concession in Indonesia.
The net liquids component of international
oil-equivalent production was 831,000 barrels per day in 2022, a decrease of 13 percent from 2021. International net natural gas production of 5.92 billion cubic feet per day in 2022, a decrease of 2 percent from 2021.
U.S. Downstream
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Earnings
(Loss)
$
5,394
$
2,389
$
(571)
U.S. downstream reported earnings of $5.4 billion in 2022, compared with $2.4 billion in 2021. The increase was primarily due to higher margins on refined product sales of $4.4 billion, partially offset by lower earnings from the 50 percent-owned CPChem of $790 million and higher operating expenses of $790 million, largely due to planned turnarounds.
Total refined product sales of 1.23 million barrels per
day in 2022 increased 8 percent from 2021, mainly due to higher renewable fuel sales following the REG acquisition and higher jet fuel demand.
International Downstream
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Earnings*
$
2,761
$
525
$
618
*Includes
foreign currency effects:
$
235
$
185
$
(152)
International downstream earned $2.8 billion in 2022, compared with $525 million in 2021. The increase in earnings was mainly due to higher margins on refined product sales of $2.7 billion and a favorable swing in foreign currency effects of $50 million between periods, partially offset by higher operating expenses of $650 million, largely due to transportation costs.
Total refined product
sales of 1.39 million barrels per day in 2022 were up 5 percent from 2021, mainly due to higher jet fuel demand as travel restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic continue to ease.
All Other
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Net
charges*
$
(2,974)
$
(3,107)
$
(3,157)
*Includes foreign currency effects:
$
(382)
$
(181)
$
(208)
All
Other consists of worldwide cash management and debt financing activities, corporate administrative functions, insurance operations, real estate activities, and technology companies.
Net charges in 2022 decreased $133 million from 2021. The change between periods was mainly due to lower pension settlement expense, loss on early debt retirement and lower interest expense, partially offset by the absence of 2021 favorable tax items and higher interest income. Foreign currency effects increased net charges by $201 million between periods.
40
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Comparative amounts for certain income statement categories are shown below. A discussion of variances between 2021 and 2020 can be found in the “Consolidated Statement of Income” section on pages 39 and 40 of the company’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Millions
of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Sales and other operating revenues
$
235,717
$
155,606
$
94,471
Sales and other operating revenues increased
in 2022 mainly due to higher refined product, crude oil, and natural gas prices and higher refined product sales volumes.
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Income
(loss) from equity affiliates
$
8,585
$
5,657
$
(472)
Income from equity affiliates improved in 2022 mainly due to higher upstream-related earnings from Tengizchevroil in Kazakhstan and Angola LNG and higher downstream-related earnings from GS Caltex in Korea, partially offset by lower earnings from CPChem. Refer to Note 15 Investments and Advances
for a discussion of Chevron’s investments in affiliated companies.
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Other income
$
1,950
$
1,202
$
693
Other
income increased in 2022 mainly due to a favorable swing in foreign currency effects, higher interest income and lower charges associated with the early retirement of debt, partially offset by lower gains on asset sales.
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Purchased
crude oil and products
$
145,416
$
92,249
$
52,148
Crude oil and product purchases increased in 2022 primarily due to higher crude oil, natural gas, and refined product prices.
Millions
of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Operating, selling, general and administrative expenses
$
29,026
$
24,740
$
24,536
Operating, selling, general and administrative
expenses increased in 2022 primarily due to higher transportation expenses, early contract termination charge at Sabine Pass and costs associated with planned refinery turnarounds.
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Exploration
expense
$
974
$
549
$
1,537
Exploration expenses in 2022 increased primarily due to higher charges for well write-offs.
Millions
of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
$
16,319
$
17,925
$
19,508
Depreciation, depletion and amortization expenses decreased
in 2022 primarily due to lower rates and lower production, partially offset by higher impairment and write-off charges.
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Taxes
other than on income
$
4,032
$
3,963
$
2,839
Taxes other than on income increased in 2022 primarily due to higher taxes on production, partially offset by lower excise taxes.
Millions
of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Interest and debt expense
$
516
$
712
$
697
Interest and debt expenses decreased in 2022 mainly due to lower debt balances.
Millions
of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Other components of net periodic benefit costs
$
295
$
688
$
880
Other components of net periodic benefit costs decreased in 2022
primarily due to lower pension settlement costs, as fewer lump-sum pension distributions were made in the current year.
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Income
tax expense (benefit)
$
14,066
$
5,950
$
(1,892)
41
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The increase in income tax expense in 2022 of $8.1 billion is due to the increase in total income before tax for the company of $28.0 billion. The increase in income before taxes for the company is primarily the result of higher upstream realizations and downstream margins.
U.S. income before tax increased from $9.7 billion in 2021 to $21.0 billion in 2022. This $11.3 billion increase in income was primarily driven by higher
upstream realizations and downstream margins, partially offset by higher operating expenses and lower asset sale gains. The increase in income had a direct impact on the company’s U.S. income tax resulting in an increase to tax expense of $2.9 billion between year-over-year periods, from $1.6 billion in 2021 to $4.5 billion in 2022.
International income before tax increased from $12.0 billion in 2021 to $28.7 billion in 2022. This $16.7 billion increase in income was primarily driven by higher upstream realizations and downstream margins. The increased income primarily drove the $5.2 billion increase in international income tax expense between year-over-year periods, from $4.3 billion in 2021 to $9.6 billion in 2022.
Refer also to the discussion of the effective income tax rate in Note
17 Taxes.
42
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Net
Crude Oil and Natural Gas Liquids Production (MBPD)
888
858
789
Net Natural Gas Production (MMCFPD)3
1,758
1,689
1,607
Net Oil-Equivalent Production (MBOEPD)
1,181
1,139
1,058
Sales
of Natural Gas (MMCFPD)4
4,354
3,986
3,873
Sales of Natural Gas Liquids (MBPD)
276
201
208
Revenues from Net Production
Liquids
($/Bbl)
$
76.71
$
56.06
$
30.53
Natural Gas ($/MCF)
$
5.55
$
3.11
$
0.98
International
Upstream
Net Crude Oil and Natural Gas Liquids Production (MBPD)5
831
956
1,078
Net Natural Gas Production (MMCFPD)3
5,919
6,020
5,683
Net
Oil-Equivalent Production (MBOEPD)4
1,818
1,960
2,025
Sales of Natural Gas (MMCFPD)
5,786
5,178
5,634
Sales of Natural Gas Liquids (MBPD)
107
84
46
Revenues
from Liftings
Liquids ($/Bbl)
$
90.71
$
64.53
$
36.07
Natural Gas ($/MCF)
$
9.75
$
5.93
$
4.59
Worldwide
Upstream
Net Oil-Equivalent Production (MBOEPD)5
United States
1,181
1,139
1,058
International
1,818
1,960
2,025
Total
2,999
3,099
3,083
U.S.
Downstream
Gasoline Sales (MBPD)6
639
655
581
Other Refined Product Sales (MBPD)
589
484
422
Total
Refined Product Sales (MBPD)
1,228
1,139
1,003
Sales of Natural Gas (MMCFPD)4
24
21
21
Sales of Natural Gas Liquids (MBPD)
27
29
25
Refinery
Crude Oil Input (MBPD)
866
903
793
International Downstream
Gasoline Sales (MBPD)5
336
321
264
Other
Refined Product Sales (MBPD)
1,050
994
957
Total Refined Product Sales (MBPD)7
1,386
1,315
1,221
Sales of Natural Gas (MMCFPD)4
3
—
—
Sales
of Natural Gas Liquids (MBPD)
127
96
74
Refinery Crude Oil Input (MBPD)
639
576
584
1 Includes company share of equity affiliates.
2 MBPD – thousands of barrels per day; MMCFPD – millions
of cubic feet per day; MBOEPD – thousands of barrels of oil-equivalents per day; Bbl – barrel; MCF – thousands of cubic feet. Oil-equivalent gas (OEG) conversion ratio is 6,000 cubic feet of natural gas = 1 barrel of crude oil.
3 Includes natural gas consumed in operations (MMCFPD):
United States
53
44
37
International
517
548
566
4
Downstream sales of Natural Gas separately identified from Upstream.
5 Includes net production of synthetic oil:
Canada
45
55
54
6 Includes
branded and unbranded gasoline.
7 Includes sales of affiliates (MBPD):
389
357
348
43
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Sources and Uses of CashThe strength of the company’s balance sheet enables it to fund any timing differences throughout the year between cash inflows and outflows.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable SecuritiesTotal balances were $17.9 billion and $5.7 billion at December 31,
2022 and 2021, respectively. Cash provided by operating activities in 2022 was $49.6 billion, compared to $29.2 billion in 2021, primarily due to higher upstream realizations and refining margins. Cash provided by operating activities was net of contributions to employee pension plans of approximately $1.3 billion in 2022 and $1.8 billion in 2021. Proceeds and deposits related to asset sales totaled $1.4 billion in each of the last two years. Returns of investment totaled $1.2 billion and $439 million in 2022 and 2021, respectively. The returns of investment in 2022 were primarily from Angola LNG. As of third quarter 2022, Angola LNG distributions were, and are expected to continue to be, largely reflected in cash flow from operations. Cash flow from financing activities includes proceeds from shares issued for stock options of $5.8 billion in 2022, compared with $1.4 billion in 2021. Future cash proceeds from option
exercises are expected to be lower than in 2022.
Restricted cash of $1.4 billion and $1.2 billion at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, was held in cash and short-term marketable securities and recorded as “Deferred charges and other assets” and “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. These amounts are generally associated with upstream decommissioning activities, tax payments and funds held in escrow for tax-deferred exchanges.
Dividends Dividends paid to common stockholders were $11.0 billion in 2022 and $10.2 billion in 2021.
Debt and Finance Lease LiabilitiesTotal debt and finance lease liabilities
were $23.3 billion at December 31, 2022, down from $31.4 billion at year-end 2021.
The $8.1 billion decrease in total debt and finance lease liabilities during 2022 was primarily due to the repayment of long-term notes that matured during the year and the early retirement of long-term notes. The company’s debt and finance lease liabilities due within one year, consisting primarily of the current portion of long-term debt and redeemable long-term obligations, totaled $6.0 billion at December 31, 2022, compared with $8.0 billion at year-end 2021. Of these amounts, $4.1 billion and $7.8 billion were reclassified to long-term debt at the end of 2022 and 2021, respectively.
At year-end 2022, settlement
of these obligations was not expected to require the use of working capital in 2023, as the company had the intent and the ability, as evidenced by committed credit facilities, to refinance them on a long-term basis.
The company has access to a commercial paper program as a financing source for working capital or other short-term needs. The company had no commercial paper outstanding as of December 31, 2022.
The company has an automatic shelf registration statement that expires in August 2023 for an unspecified
amount of nonconvertible debt securities issued by Chevron Corporation or Chevron U.S.A. Inc. (CUSA).
44
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The major debt rating agencies routinely evaluate the company’s debt, and the company’s cost of borrowing can increase or decrease depending on these debt ratings. The company has outstanding public bonds issued by Chevron Corporation, CUSA, Noble Energy, Inc. (Noble), and Texaco Capital Inc. Most of these securities are the obligations of, or guaranteed by, Chevron Corporation and are rated AA- by Standard and Poor’s Corporation and Aa2 by Moody’s Investors Service. The company’s U.S. commercial paper is rated A-1+ by Standard and Poor’s and P-1
by Moody’s. All of these ratings denote high-quality, investment-grade securities.
The company’s future debt level is dependent primarily on results of operations, cash that may be generated from asset dispositions, the capital program, lending commitments to affiliates and shareholder distributions. Based on its high-quality debt ratings, the company believes that it has substantial borrowing capacity to meet unanticipated cash requirements. During extended periods of low prices for crude oil and natural gas and narrow margins for refined products and commodity chemicals, the company has the ability to modify its capital spending plans and discontinue or curtail the stock repurchase
program. This provides the flexibility to continue paying the common stock dividend and remain committed to retaining the company’s high-quality debt ratings.
Committed Credit Facilities Information related to committed credit facilities is included in Note 19 Short-Term Debt.
Summarized Financial Information for Guarantee of Securities of Subsidiaries CUSA issued bonds that are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on an unsecured basis by Chevron Corporation (together, the “Obligor Group”). The tables below contain
summary financial information for Chevron Corporation, as Guarantor, excluding its consolidated subsidiaries, and CUSA, as the issuer, excluding its consolidated subsidiaries. The summary financial information of the Obligor Group is presented on a combined basis, and transactions between the combined entities have been eliminated. Financial information for non-guarantor entities has been excluded.
Common Stock Repurchase Program The Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program in 2019, with a maximum dollar limit of $25 billion and no set term limits (the “2019 Program”). During 2022, the company purchased 69.9 million shares for $11.25 billion under the 2019 Program. As of December 31, 2022, the
company had purchased a total of 131.4 million shares for $18.1 billion, resulting in $6.9 billion remaining under the 2019 Program. The company currently expects to repurchase $3.75 billion of its common stock during the first quarter of 2023 under the 2019 Program and will incur an additional one percent excise tax on such purchases as required by the IRA.
On January 25, 2023, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of the company’s shares of common stock in an aggregate amount of $75 billion. The $75 billion authorization takes effect on April 1, 2023
and does not have a fixed expiration date (the “2023 Program”). It replaces the Board’s previous repurchase authorization of $25 billion from January 2019, which will terminate on March 31, 2023, after the completion of the company’s repurchases in the first quarter of 2023.
Repurchases of shares of the company’s common stock may be made from time to time in the open market, by block purchases, in privately negotiated transactions or in such other manner as determined by the company. The timing of the
45
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
repurchases and the actual amount repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including the market price of the company’s shares, general market and economic conditions, and other factors. The stock repurchase program does not obligate the company to acquire any particular amount of common stock and may be suspended or discontinued at any time.
Capital
ExpendituresCapital expenditures (Capex) primarily includes additions to fixed asset or investment accounts for the company’s consolidated subsidiaries and is disclosed in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Capex by business segment for 2022, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:
Year
ended December 31
Capex
2022
2021
2020
Millions of dollars
U.S.
Int’l.
Total
U.S.
Int’l.
Total
U.S.
Int’l.
Total
Upstream
$
6,847
$
2,718
$
9,565
$
4,554
$
2,221
$
6,775
$
4,933
$
2,555
$
7,488
Downstream
1,699
375
2,074
806
234
1,040
644
551
1,195
All
Other
310
25
335
221
20
241
226
13
239
Capex
$
8,856
$
3,118
$
11,974
$
5,581
$
2,475
$
8,056
$
5,803
$
3,119
$
8,922
Capex
for 2022 was $12.0 billion, 49 percent higher than 2021 due to increased upstream spend in the Permian Basin along with higher spend in downstream, largely related to the formation of the Bunge North America, Inc. (Bunge) joint venture and acquisition of the remaining interest in Beyond6, LLC (Beyond6).
The company estimates that 2023 Capex will be approximately $14 billion. In the upstream business, Capex is estimated to be $11.5 billion and includes more than $4 billion for Permian Basin development and roughly $2 billion for other shale & tight assets. More than 20 percent of upstream Capex is planned for projects in the Gulf of Mexico. Worldwide downstream spending in 2023 is estimated to be $1.9 billion. Investments in technology businesses and other corporate operations in 2023 are budgeted at $0.6 billion. Lower carbon Capex across
all segments totals around $2 billion, including approximately $0.5 billion to lower the carbon intensity of Chevron’s traditional operations and about $1 billion to increase renewable fuels production capacity.
Affiliate capital expenditures (Affiliate Capex), which does not require cash outlays by the company, is expected to be $3 billion in 2023. Nearly half of Affiliate Capex is for Tengizchevroil’s FGP / WPMP Project in Kazakhstan and about a third is for CPChem.
Capital and Exploratory Expenditures Capital and exploratory expenditures (C&E) is a key performance indicator and provides the company’s investment level in its consolidated companies. This metric includes additions to
fixed asset or investment accounts along with exploration expense for its consolidated companies. Management uses this metric along with Affiliate C&E (as defined below) to manage the allocation of capital across the company’s entire portfolio, funding requirements and ultimately shareholder distributions.
The components of C&E are presented in the following table:
Year
ended December 31
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Capital expenditures
$
11,974
$
8,056
$
8,922
Expensed exploration
expenditures
488
431
500
Assets acquired through finance leases and other obligations
3
64
53
Payments for other assets and liabilities, net
(169)
2
42
Capital
and exploratory expenditures (C&E)
$
12,296
$
8,553
$
9,517
Affiliate capital and exploratory expenditures (Affiliate C&E)
$
3,366
$
3,167
$
3,982
C&E
by business segment for 2022, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:
Year
ended December 31
C&E
2022
2021
2020
Millions of dollars
U.S.
Int’l.
Total
U.S.
Int’l.
Total
U.S.
Int’l.
Total
Upstream
$
6,980
$
3,073
$
10,053
$
4,696
$
2,512
$
7,208
$
5,130
$
2,867
$
7,997
Downstream
1,702
206
1,908
870
234
1,104
697
584
1,281
All
Other
310
25
335
221
20
241
226
13
239
C&E
$
8,992
$
3,304
$
12,296
$
5,787
$
2,766
$
8,553
$
6,053
$
3,464
$
9,517
46
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
C&E for 2022 was $12.3 billion, 44 percent higher than 2021 due to increased upstream spend in the Permian Basin along with higher spend in downstream, largely related to the formation of the Bunge joint venture and acquisition of the remaining interest in Beyond6.The acquisitions of Renewable Energy Group Inc. and Noble are not included in the company’s C&E or Capex.
Affiliate
Capital and Exploratory Expenditures Equity affiliate capital and exploratory expenditures (Affiliate C&E) is also a key performance indicator that provides the company’s share of investments in its significant equity affiliate companies. This metric includes additions to fixed asset and investment accounts along with exploration expense in the equity affiliate companies’ financial statements. Management uses this metric to assess possible funding needs and/or shareholder distribution capacity of the company’s equity affiliate companies. Together with C&E, management also uses Affiliate C&E to manage allocation of capital across the company’s entire portfolio, funding requirements and ultimately
shareholder distributions.
Affiliate C&E, which is the same as Affiliate Capex spend, by business segment for 2022, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:
Year
ended December 31
Affiliate C&E
2022
2021
2020
Millions of dollars
U.S.
Int’l.
Total
U.S.
Int’l.
Total
U.S.
Int’l.
Total
Upstream
$
—
$
2,406
$
2,406
$
2
$
2,404
$
2,406
$
—
$
2,917
$
2,917
Downstream
768
192
960
365
396
761
324
741
1,065
All
Other
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Affiliate C&E
$
768
$
2,598
$
3,366
$
367
$
2,800
$
3,167
$
324
$
3,658
$
3,982
Affiliate
C&E for 2022 was $3.4 billion, 6 percent higher than 2021.
The company monitors market conditions and can adjust future capital outlays should conditions change.
Noncontrolling InterestsThe company had noncontrolling interests of $960 million at December 31, 2022 and $873 million at December 31, 2021. Distributions to noncontrolling interests net of contributions totaled $114 million and $36 million in 2022 and 2021, respectively. Included within noncontrolling interests at December 31, 2022 is $142 million of redeemable noncontrolling interest.
Pension
ObligationsInformation related to pension plan contributions is included in Note 23 Employee Benefit Plans, under the heading “Cash Contributions and Benefit Payments.”
Contractual ObligationsInformation related to the company’s significant contractual obligations is included in Note 19 Short-Term Debt, in Note 20 Long-Term Debt
and in Note 5 Lease Commitments. The aggregate amount of interest due on these obligations, excluding leases, is: 2023 – $595; 2024 – $536; 2025 – $476; 2026 – $395; 2027 – $340; after 2027 – $3,373.
Long-Term Unconditional Purchase Obligations and Commitments, Including Throughput and Take-or-Pay AgreementsInformation related to these off-balance sheet matters is included in Note 24 Other Contingencies and Commitments, under the heading “Long-Term Unconditional Purchase Obligations and Commitments, Including Throughput and Take-or-Pay Agreements.”
The following represent several metrics the company believes are useful measures to monitor the financial health of the company and its performance over time:
Current Ratio Current assets divided by current liabilities, which indicates the company’s
ability to repay its short-term liabilities with short-term assets. The current ratio in all periods was adversely affected by the fact that Chevron’s inventories are valued on a last-in, first-out basis. At year-end 2022, the book value of inventory was lower than replacement costs, based on average acquisition costs during the year, by approximately $9.1 billion.
At
December 31
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Current assets
$
50,343
$
33,738
$
26,078
Current
liabilities
34,208
26,791
22,183
Current Ratio
1.5
1.3
1.2
Interest Coverage RatioIncome before income tax expense, plus interest and debt expense and amortization of capitalized interest, less net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, divided by before-tax interest costs. This ratio indicates the company’s ability to pay interest on outstanding debt. The company’s interest coverage ratio in 2022 was higher than 2021 due to higher income.
Year
ended December 31
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Income (Loss) Before Income Tax Expense
$
49,674
$
21,639
$
(7,453)
Plus:
Interest and debt expense
516
712
697
Plus: Before-tax amortization of capitalized interest
199
215
205
Less:
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
143
64
(18)
Subtotal for calculation
50,246
22,502
(6,533)
Total
financing interest and debt costs
$
630
$
775
$
735
Interest Coverage Ratio
79.8
29.0
(8.9)
Free
Cash Flow The cash provided by operating activities less capital expenditures, which represents the cash available to creditors and investors after investing in the business.
Year ended December 31
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Net
cash provided by operating activities
$
49,602
$
29,187
$
10,577
Less: Capital expenditures
11,974
8,056
8,922
Free
Cash Flow
$
37,628
$
21,131
$
1,655
Debt Ratio Total debt as a percentage of total debt plus Chevron Corporation Stockholders’ Equity, which indicates the company’s leverage.
At
December 31
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Short-term debt
$
1,964
$
256
$
1,548
Long-term
debt
21,375
31,113
42,767
Total debt
23,339
31,369
44,315
Total
Chevron Corporation Stockholders’ Equity
159,282
139,067
131,688
Total debt plus total Chevron Corporation Stockholders’ Equity
$
182,621
$
170,436
$
176,003
Debt
Ratio
12.8
%
18.4
%
25.2
%
48
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Net Debt Ratio Total debt less cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities as a percentage of total debt less cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities, plus Chevron Corporation Stockholders’ Equity, which indicates the company’s leverage, net of its cash balances.
At
December 31
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Short-term debt
$
1,964
$
256
$
1,548
Long-term
debt
21,375
31,113
42,767
Total Debt
23,339
31,369
44,315
Less:
Cash and cash equivalents
17,678
5,640
5,596
Less: Marketable securities
223
35
31
Total
adjusted debt
5,438
25,694
38,688
Total Chevron Corporation Stockholders’Equity
159,282
139,067
131,688
Total
adjusted debt plus total Chevron Corporation Stockholders’ Equity
$
164,720
$
164,761
$
170,376
Net Debt Ratio
3.3
%
15.6
%
22.7
%
Capital
Employed The sum of Chevron Corporation Stockholders’ Equity, total debt and noncontrolling interests, which represents the net investment in the business.
At December 31
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Chevron
Corporation Stockholders’ Equity
$
159,282
$
139,067
$
131,688
Plus: Short-term debt
1,964
256
1,548
Plus:
Long-term debt
21,375
31,113
42,767
Plus: Noncontrolling interest
960
873
1,038
Capital
Employed at December 31
$
183,581
$
171,309
$
177,041
Return on Average Capital Employed (ROCE) Net income attributable to Chevron (adjusted for after-tax interest expense and noncontrolling interest) divided by average capital employed. Average capital employed is computed by averaging the sum of capital employed at the beginning and end of the year. ROCE is a ratio intended to measure annual earnings
as a percentage of historical investments in the business.
Year ended December 31
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Net
income attributable to Chevron
$
35,465
$
15,625
$
(5,543)
Plus: After-tax interest and debt expense
476
662
658
Plus:
Noncontrolling interest
143
64
(18)
Net income after adjustments
36,084
16,351
(4,903)
Average
capital employed
$
177,445
$
174,175
$
174,611
Return on Average Capital Employed
20.3
%
9.4
%
(2.8)
%
Return
on Stockholders’ Equity (ROSE) Net income attributable to Chevron divided by average Chevron Corporation Stockholders’ Equity. Average stockholders’ equity is computed by averaging the sum of stockholders’ equity at the beginning and end of the year. ROSE is a ratio intended to measure earnings as a percentage of shareholder investments.
Year
ended December 31
Millions of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Net income attributable to Chevron
$
35,465
$
15,625
$
(5,543)
Chevron
Corporation Stockholders’ Equity at December 31
159,282
139,067
131,688
Average Chevron Corporation Stockholders’ Equity
149,175
135,378
137,951
Return
on Average Stockholders’ Equity
23.8
%
11.5
%
(4.0)
%
Financial and Derivative Instrument Market Risk
The market risk associated with the company’s portfolio of financial and derivative
instruments is discussed below. The estimates of financial exposure to market risk do not represent the company’s projection of future market changes. The actual impact of future market changes could differ materially due to factors discussed elsewhere in this report, including those set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A.
49
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations
Derivative Commodity Instruments Chevron is exposed to market risks related to the price volatility of crude oil, refined products, natural gas liquids, natural gas, liquefied natural gas and refinery feedstocks. The company uses derivative commodity instruments to manage these exposures on a portion of its activity, including firm commitments and anticipated transactions for the purchase, sale and storage of crude oil, refined products, natural gas liquids, natural gas, liquefied natural gas and feedstock for company refineries. The
company also uses derivative commodity instruments for limited trading purposes. The results of these activities were not material to the company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows in 2022.
The company’s market exposure positions are monitored on a daily basis by an internal Risk Control group in accordance with the company’s risk management policies. The company’s risk management practices and its compliance with policies are reviewed by the Audit Committee of the company’s Board of Directors.
Derivatives beyond those designated as normal purchase and normal sale contracts are recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheet with resulting gains and losses reflected in income. Fair values are derived principally from published market quotes and other independent third-party quotes. The change in fair value of Chevron’s derivative commodity instruments in 2022 was not material to the company’s results of operations.
The company uses the Monte Carlo simulation method as its Value-at-Risk (VaR) model to estimate the maximum potential loss in fair value, at the 95 percent confidence level with a one-day holding
period, from the effect of adverse changes in market conditions on derivative commodity instruments held or issued. Based on these inputs, the VaR for the company’s primary risk exposures in the area of derivative commodity instruments at December 31, 2022 and 2021 was not material to the company’s cash flows or results of operations.
Foreign CurrencyThe company may enter into foreign currency derivative contracts to manage some of its foreign
currency exposures. These exposures include revenue and anticipated purchase transactions, including foreign currency capital expenditures and lease commitments. The foreign currency derivative contracts, if any, are recorded at fair value on the balance sheet with resulting gains and losses reflected in income. There were no material open foreign currency derivative contracts at December 31, 2022.
Interest RatesThe company may enter into interest rate swaps from time to time as part of its overall strategy to manage the interest rate risk on its debt. Interest rate swaps,
if any, are recorded at fair value on the balance sheet with resulting gains and losses reflected in income. At year-end 2022, the company had no interest rate swaps.
Transactions With Related Parties
Chevron enters into a number of business arrangements with related parties, principally its equity affiliates. These arrangements include long-term supply or offtake agreements and long-term purchase agreements. Refer to “Other Information” in Note 15 Investments and Advances for further discussion. Management
believes these agreements have been negotiated on terms consistent with those that would have been negotiated with an unrelated party.
Litigation and Other Contingencies
EcuadorInformation related to Ecuador matters is included in Note 16 Litigation under the heading “Ecuador.”
Climate Change Information related to climate change-related matters is included in Note
16 Litigation under the heading “Climate Change.”
Louisiana Information related to Louisiana coastal matters is included in Note 16 Litigation under the heading “Louisiana.”
EnvironmentalThe following table displays the annual changes to the company’s before-tax environmental remediation reserves, including those for U.S. federal Superfund sites and analogous sites under state laws.
Millions
of dollars
2022
2021
2020
Balance at January 1
$
960
$
1,139
$
1,234
Net additions
182
114
179
Expenditures
(274)
(293)
(274)
Balance
at December 31
$
868
$
960
$
1,139
The company records asset retirement obligations when there is a legal obligation associated with the retirement of long-lived assets and the liability can be reasonably estimated. These asset retirement obligations include costs related to
50
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
environmental issues. The liability balance of approximately $12.7 billion for asset retirement obligations at year-end 2022 is related primarily to upstream properties.
For the company’s other ongoing operating assets, such as refineries and chemicals facilities, no provisions are made for exit or cleanup costs that may be required when such assets reach the end of their useful lives unless a decision to sell or otherwise decommission the facility has been made, as the indeterminate settlement dates for the
asset retirements prevent estimation of the fair value of the asset retirement obligation.
Refer to the discussion below for additional information on environmental matters and their impact on Chevron, and on the company’s 2022 environmental expenditures. Refer to Note 24 Other Contingencies and Commitments under the heading “Environmental” for additional discussion of environmental remediation provisions and year-end reserves. Refer also to Note 25 Asset Retirement Obligations for additional discussion of the
company’s asset retirement obligations.
The company is subject to various international and U.S. federal, state and local environmental, health and safety laws, regulations and market-based programs. These laws, regulations and programs continue to evolve and are expected to increase in both number and complexity over time and govern not only the manner in which the
company conducts its operations, but also the products it sells. Consideration of environmental issues and the responses to those issues through international agreements and national, regional or state legislation or regulations are integrated into the company’s strategy and planning, capital investment reviews and risk management tools and processes, where applicable. They are also factored into the company’s long-range supply, demand and energy price forecasts. These forecasts reflect long-range effects from renewable fuel penetration, energy efficiency standards, climate-related policy actions, and demand response to oil and natural gas prices. In addition, legislation and regulations intended to address hydraulic fracturing also continue to evolve in many jurisdictions where we operate. Refer to
“Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A, on pages 20 through 26 for a discussion of some of the inherent risks of increasingly restrictive environmental and other regulation that could materially impact the company’s results of operations or financial condition. Refer to Business Environment and Outlook on pages 32 and 33 for a discussion of legislative and regulatory efforts to address climate change.
Most of the costs of complying with existing laws and regulations pertaining to company operations and products are embedded in the normal costs of doing business. However, it is not possible to predict with certainty the amount of additional investments in new or existing technology or facilities or
the amounts of increased operating costs to be incurred in the future to prevent, control, reduce or eliminate releases of hazardous materials or other pollutants into the environment; remediate and restore areas damaged by prior releases of hazardous materials; or comply with new environmental laws or regulations. Although these costs may be significant to the results of operations in any single period, the company does not presently expect them to have a material adverse effect on the company’s liquidity or financial position.
Accidental leaks and spills requiring cleanup may occur in the ordinary course of business. The company may incur expenses for corrective actions at various
owned and previously owned facilities and at third-party-owned waste disposal sites used by the company. An obligation may arise when operations are closed or sold or at non-Chevron sites where company products have been handled or disposed of. Most of the expenditures to fulfill these obligations relate to facilities and sites where past operations followed practices and procedures that were considered acceptable at the time but now require investigative or remedial work or both to meet current standards.
Using definitions and guidelines established by the American Petroleum Institute, Chevron estimated its worldwide environmental spending in 2022 at approximately $2.0 billion for its consolidated companies. Included in these expenditures were approximately $0.2 billion of environmental capital expenditures and $1.8 billion of costs associated
with the prevention, control, abatement or elimination of hazardous substances and pollutants from operating, closed or divested sites, and the decommissioning and restoration of sites.
51
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
For
2023, total worldwide environmental capital expenditures are estimated at $0.2 billion. These capital costs are in addition to the ongoing costs of complying with environmental regulations and the costs to remediate previously contaminated sites.
Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions
Management makes many estimates and assumptions in the application of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) that may have a material impact on the company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures and on the comparability of such information over different reporting periods. Such estimates and assumptions affect reported amounts of
assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, as well as disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Estimates and assumptions are based on management’s experience and other information available prior to the issuance of the financial statements. Materially different results can occur as circumstances change and additional information becomes known.
The discussion in this section of “critical” accounting estimates and assumptions is according to the disclosure guidelines of the SEC, wherein:
1.the nature of the estimates and assumptions is material due to the levels of subjectivity and judgment necessary to account for highly uncertain matters, or the susceptibility of such matters to change; and
2.the impact of the estimates and assumptions on the
company’s financial condition or operating performance is material.
The development and selection of accounting estimates and assumptions, including those deemed “critical,” and the associated disclosures in this discussion have been discussed with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. The areas of accounting and the associated “critical” estimates and assumptions made by the company are as follows:
Oil and Gas Reserves Crude oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas reserves are estimates of future production that impact certain asset and expense accounts included in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Proved reserves are the estimated quantities of oil and gas that geoscience and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be economically
producible in the future under existing economic conditions, operating methods and government regulations. Proved reserves include both developed and undeveloped volumes. Proved developed reserves represent volumes expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. Proved undeveloped reserves are volumes expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled proved acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion. Variables impacting Chevron’s estimated volumes of crude oil and natural gas reserves include field performance, available technology, commodity prices, and development, production and carbon costs.
The estimates of crude oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas reserves are important to the timing of expense recognition for costs incurred and to the valuation of certain oil and gas producing assets. Impacts of oil and gas
reserves on Chevron’s Consolidated Financial Statements, using the successful efforts method of accounting, include the following:
1.Amortization - Capitalized exploratory drilling and development costs are depreciated on a unit-of-production (UOP) basis using proved developed reserves. Acquisition costs of proved properties are amortized on a UOP basis using total proved reserves. During 2022, Chevron’s UOP Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization (DD&A) for oil and gas properties was $10.8 billion, and proved developed reserves at the beginning of 2022 were 6.6 billion barrels for consolidated companies. If the estimates of proved reserves used in the UOP calculations for consolidated operations had been lower by five percent across all oil and gas properties, UOP DD&A in 2022 would have increased by approximately $600 million.
2.Impairment
- Oil and gas reserves are used in assessing oil and gas producing properties for impairment. A significant reduction in the estimated reserves of a property would trigger an impairment review. Proved reserves (and, in some cases, a portion of unproved resources) are used to estimate future production volumes in the cash flow model. For a further discussion of estimates and assumptions used in impairment assessments, see Impairment of Properties, Plant and Equipment and Investments in Affiliates below.
Refer to Table V, “Reserve Quantity Information,” for the changes in proved reserve estimates for each of the three years ended December 31, 2020, 2021
and 2022, and to Table VII, “Changes in the Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows From Proved Reserves” for estimates of proved reserve values for each of the three years ended December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022.
52
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This Oil and Gas Reserves commentary should be read in conjunction with the Properties, Plant and Equipment section of Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, which includes a description of the “successful efforts” method of accounting for oil and gas exploration and production activities.
Impairment of Properties, Plant and Equipment and Investments in Affiliates The
company assesses its properties, plant and equipment (PP&E) for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable. If the carrying value of an asset exceeds the future undiscounted cash flows expected from the asset, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess of the carrying value of the asset over its estimated fair value.
Determination as to whether and how much an asset is impaired involves management estimates on highly uncertain matters, such as future commodity prices, operating expenses, carbon costs, production profiles, the pace of the energy transition, and the outlook for global or regional market supply-and-demand conditions for crude oil, natural gas liquids, natural gas, commodity chemicals and refined products. However, the impairment reviews and calculations are based on assumptions that are generally consistent
with the company’s business plans and long-term investment decisions. Refer also to the discussion of impairments of properties, plant and equipment in Note 18 Properties, Plant and Equipment and to the section on Properties, Plant and Equipment in Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.
The company performs impairment assessments when triggering events arise to determine whether any write-down in the carrying value of an asset or asset group is required. For example,
when significant downward revisions to crude oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas reserves are made for any single field or concession, an impairment review is performed to determine if the carrying value of the asset remains recoverable. Similarly, a significant downward revision in the company’s crude oil, natural gas liquids or natural gas price outlook would trigger impairment reviews for impacted upstream assets. In addition, impairments could occur due to changes in national, state or local environmental regulations or laws, including those designed to stop or impede the development or production of oil and gas. Also, if the expectation of sale of a particular asset or asset group in any period has been deemed more likely than not, an impairment review is performed, and if the estimated net proceeds exceed the carrying value of the asset or asset group, no impairment charge is
required. Such calculations are reviewed each period until the asset or asset group is disposed. Assets that are not impaired on a held-and-used basis could possibly become impaired if a decision is made to sell such assets. That is, the assets would be impaired if they are classified as held-for-sale and the estimated proceeds from the sale, less costs to sell, are less than the assets’ associated carrying values.
Investments in common stock of affiliates that are accounted for under the equity method, as well as investments in other securities of these equity investees, are reviewed for impairment when the fair value of the investment falls below the company’s carrying value. When this occurs, a determination must be made as to whether this loss is other-than-temporary, in which case the investment is impaired. Because of the number of differing
assumptions potentially affecting whether an investment is impaired in any period or the amount of the impairment, a sensitivity analysis is not practicable.
A sensitivity analysis of the impact on earnings for these periods if other assumptions had been used in impairment reviews and impairment calculations is not practicable, given the broad range of the company’s PP&E and the number of assumptions involved in the estimates. That is, favorable changes to some assumptions might have avoided the need to impair any assets in these periods, whereas unfavorable changes might have caused an additional unknown number of other assets to become impaired, or resulted in larger impacts on impaired assets.
Asset Retirement ObligationsIn the determination
of fair value for an asset retirement obligation (ARO), the company uses various assumptions and judgments, including such factors as the existence of a legal obligation, estimated amounts and timing of settlements, discount and inflation rates, and the expected impact of advances in technology and process improvements. A sensitivity analysis of the ARO impact on earnings for 2022 is not practicable, given the broad range of the company’s long-lived assets and the number of assumptions involved in the estimates. That is, favorable changes to some assumptions would have reduced estimated future obligations, thereby lowering accretion expense and amortization costs, whereas unfavorable changes would have the opposite effect. Refer to Note
25 Asset Retirement Obligations for additional discussions on asset retirement obligations.
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit PlansNote 23 Employee Benefit Plans includes information on the funded status of the company’s pension and other postretirement benefit (OPEB) plans reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheet; the components of pension and OPEB expense reflected on the Consolidated Statement of Income; and the related underlying assumptions.
53
Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The determination of pension plan expense and obligations is based on a number of actuarial assumptions. Two critical assumptions are the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets and the discount rate applied to pension plan obligations. Critical assumptions in determining expense and obligations for OPEB plans, which provide for certain health care and life insurance benefits for qualifying retired employees and which are not funded, are the discount rate and the assumed health care cost-trend rates. Information related to the company’s processes
to develop these assumptions is included in Note 23 Employee Benefit Plans under the relevant headings. Actual rates may vary significantly from estimates because of unanticipated changes beyond the company’s control.
For 2022, the company used an expected long-term rate of return of 6.6 percent and a discount rate for service costs of 3.5 percent and a discount rate for interest cost of 2.7 percent for the primary U.S. pension plan. The actual return for 2022 was (17.8) percent. For the 10 years ended December 31, 2022, actual asset returns averaged 5.7 percent for this
plan. Additionally, with the exception of three years within this 10-year period, actual asset returns for this plan equaled or exceeded 6.6 percent during each year.
Total pension expense for 2022 was $763 million. An increase in the expected long-term return on plan assets or the discount rate would reduce pension plan expense, and vice versa. As an indication of the sensitivity of pension expense to the long-term rate of return assumption, a 1 percent increase in this assumption for the company’s primary U.S. pension plan, which accounted for about 55 percent of companywide pension expense, would have reduced total pension plan expense for 2022 by approximately $75 million. A 1 percent increase in the discount rates for this same plan would have reduced pension expense for 2022 by approximately $177 million.
The
aggregate funded status recognized at December 31, 2022, was a net liability of approximately $1.8 billion. An increase in the discount rate would decrease the pension obligation, thus changing the funded status of a plan. At December 31, 2022, the company used a discount rate of 5.2 percent to measure the obligations for the primary U.S. pension plan. As an indication of the sensitivity of pension liabilities to the discount rate assumption, a 0.25 percent increase in the discount rate applied to the company’s primary U.S. pension plan, which accounted for about 63 percent of the companywide pension obligation, would have reduced the plan obligation by approximately $239 million, and would have decreased
the plan’s underfunded status from approximately $475 million to $236 million.
For the company’s OPEB plans, expense for 2022 was $89 million, and the total liability, all unfunded at the end of 2022, was $1.9 billion. For the primary U.S. OPEB plan, the company used a discount rate for service cost of 3.1 percent and a discount rate for interest cost of 2.1 percent to measure expense in 2022, and a 5.2 percent discount rate to measure the benefit obligations at December 31, 2022. Discount rate changes, similar to those used in the pension sensitivity analysis, resulted in an immaterial impact on 2022 OPEB expense and OPEB liabilities at the end of 2022.
Differences
between the various assumptions used to determine expense and the funded status of each plan and actual experience are included in actuarial gain/loss. Refer to page 90 in Note 23 Employee Benefit Plans for more information on the $3.4 billion of before-tax actuarial losses recorded by the company as of December 31, 2022. In addition, information related to company contributions is included on page 93 in Note 23 Employee Benefit Plans under the heading “Cash Contributions and Benefit Payments.”
Contingent
Losses Management also makes judgments and estimates in recording liabilities for claims, litigation, tax matters and environmental remediation. Actual costs can frequently vary from estimates for a variety of reasons. For example, the costs for settlement of claims and litigation can vary from estimates based on differing interpretations of laws, opinions on culpability and assessments on the amount of damages. Similarly, liabilities for environmental remediation are subject to change because of changes in laws, regulations and their interpretation, the determination of additional information on the extent and nature of site contamination, and improvements in technology.
Under the accounting rules, a liability is generally recorded for these types of contingencies if management determines the loss to be both probable and estimable. The
company generally reports these losses as “Operating expenses” or “Selling, general and administrative expenses” on the Consolidated Statement of Income. An exception to this handling is for income tax matters, for which benefits are recognized only if management determines the tax position is more likely than not (i.e., likelihood greater than 50 percent) to be allowed by the tax jurisdiction. For additional discussion of income tax uncertainties, refer to Note 24 Other Contingencies and Commitments under the heading “Income Taxes.” Refer also to the business segment discussions elsewhere in this section for the effect on earnings from losses associated with certain litigation, environmental remediation and tax matters for the three years ended December 31,
2022.
An estimate as to the sensitivity to earnings for these periods if other assumptions had been used in recording these liabilities is not practicable because of the number of contingencies that must be assessed, the number of underlying
54
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
assumptions and the wide range of reasonably possible outcomes, both in terms of the probability of loss and the estimates of such loss. For further information, refer to “Changes in management’s estimates and assumptions may have a material impact on the company’s consolidated financial statements and financial or operational performance in any given period” in “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A, on pages 25 and 26.
Management’s Responsibility for Financial Statements
To
the Stockholders of Chevron Corporation
Management of Chevron Corporation is responsible for preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements and the related information appearing in this report. The statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and fairly represent the transactions and financial position of the company. The financial statements include amounts that are based on management’s best estimates and judgments.
As stated in its report included herein, the independent registered public accounting firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has audited the company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of
the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).
The Board of Directors of Chevron has an Audit Committee composed of directors who are not officers or employees of the company. The Audit Committee meets regularly with members of management, the internal auditors and the independent registered public accounting firm to review accounting, internal control, auditing and financial reporting matters. Both the internal auditors and the independent registered public accounting firm have free and direct access to the Audit Committee without the presence of management.
The company’s management has evaluated, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of
the company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of December 31, 2022. Based on that evaluation, management concluded that the company’s disclosure controls are effective in ensuring that information required to be recorded, processed, summarized and reported are done within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The
company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). The company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013)issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on the results of this evaluation, the company’s management concluded that internal control over financial
reporting was effective as of December 31, 2022.
The effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its report included herein.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To theBoard of Directors and Stockholders of Chevron Corporation
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Chevron Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related consolidated statements of income, of comprehensive income, of equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, including the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the
Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December
31, 2022 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.
Basis for Opinions
The Company's
management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, formaintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining,
on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition
and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the
company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matter communicated
below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
The Impact of Proved Crude Oil and Natural Gas Reserves on Upstream Property, Plant, and Equipment, Net
As described
in Notes 1 and 18 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s upstream property, plant and equipment, net balance was $125.6 billion as of December 31, 2022, and depreciation, depletion and amortization expense was $14.8 billion for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company follows the successful efforts method of accounting for crude oil and natural gas exploration and production activities. Depreciation and depletion of all capitalized costs of proved crude oil and natural gas producing properties, except mineral interests, are expensed using the unit-of-production method, generally by individual field, as the proved developed reserves are produced. Depletion expenses for capitalized costs
of proved mineral interests are recognized using the unit-of-production method by individual field as the related proved reserves are produced. As disclosed by management, variables impacting the Company’s estimated volumes of crude oil and natural gas reserves include field performance, available technology, commodity prices, and development, production and carbon costs. Reserves are estimated by Company asset teams composed of earth scientists and engineers. As part of the internal control process related to reserves estimation, the Company maintains a Reserves Advisory Committee (RAC) (the Company’s earth scientists, engineers and RAC are collectively referred to as “management’s specialists”).
The
principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the impact of proved crude oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas reserves on upstream property, plant, and equipment, net is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management, including the use of management’s specialists, when developing the estimates of proved crude oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas reserve volumes, which in turn led to (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence obtained related to the data, methods and assumptions used by management and its specialists in developing the estimates of proved crude oil and natural gas reserve volumes.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated
financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s estimates of proved crude oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas reserve volumes. The work of management’s specialists was used in performing the procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of the proved crude oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas reserve volumes. As a basis for using this work, the specialists’ qualifications were understood and the Company’s relationship with the specialists was assessed. The procedures performed also included evaluation of the methods and assumptions used by the specialists, tests of the data used by the specialists and an evaluation of the specialists’ findings.
1 Beginning
and ending balances for all periods include capital in excess of par, common stock issued at par for $iiii1,832///,
and $(iiii240///)
associated with Chevron’s Benefit Plan Trust. Changes reflect capital in excess of par.
2 Includes $i120 redeemable noncontrolling interest.
3 Beginning and ending total issued share balances include iiii14,168,000///
shares associated with Chevron’s Benefit Plan Trust.
See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
iGeneral The company’s Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These require the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses reported in the financial statements, as well as amounts included in the notes thereto, including discussion
and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Although the company uses its best estimates and judgments, actual results could differ from these estimates as circumstances change and additional information becomes known. Prior years’ data have been reclassified in certain cases to conform to the 2022 presentation basis.
i
Subsidiary and Affiliated Companies The
Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of controlled subsidiary companies more than 50 percent-owned and any variable interest entities in which the company is the primary beneficiary. Undivided interests in oil and gas joint ventures and certain other assets are consolidated on a proportionate basis. Investments in and advances to affiliates in which the company has a substantial ownership interest of approximately 20 percent to 50 percent, or for which the company exercises significant influence but not control over policy decisions, are accounted for by the equity method.
Investments in affiliates are assessed for possible impairment when events indicate that
the fair value of the investment may be below the company’s carrying value. When such a condition is deemed to be other than temporary, the carrying value of the investment is written down to its fair value, and the amount of the write-down is included in net income. In making the determination as to whether a decline is other than temporary, the company considers such factors as the duration and extent of the decline, the investee’s financial performance, and the company’s ability and intention to retain its investment for a period that will be sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in the investment’s market value. The new cost basis of investments in these equity investees is not changed for subsequent recoveries
in fair value.
Differences between the company’s carrying value of an equity investment and its underlying equity in the net assets of the affiliate are assigned to the extent practicable to specific assets and liabilities based on the company’s analysis of the various factors giving rise to the difference. When appropriate, the company’s share of the affiliate’s reported earnings is adjusted quarterly to reflect the difference between these allocated values and the affiliate’s historical book values.
iNoncontrolling
Interests Ownership interests in the company’s subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent are presented separately from the parent’s equity on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and the noncontrolling interests are both presented on the face of the Consolidated Statement of Income and Consolidated Statement of Equity. Included within noncontrolling interest is redeemable noncontrolling interest.
iFair
Value MeasurementsThe three levels of the fair value hierarchy of inputs the company uses to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability are as follows. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability. Level 3 inputs are inputs that are not observable in the market.
iDerivativesThe majority of the company’s activity in derivative commodity instruments is intended to manage the financial risk posed by physical transactions. For some of this derivative activity, the company may elect to apply fair value or cash flow hedge accounting with changes in fair value recorded as components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). For other similar derivative instruments, generally because of the short-term nature of the contracts or their limited use, the company does not apply hedge accounting, and changes in the fair value of those contracts
are reflected in current income. For the company’s commodity trading activity, gains and losses from derivative instruments are reported in current income. The company may enter into interest rate swaps from time to time as part of its overall strategy to manage the interest rate risk on its debt. Interest rate swaps related to a portion of the company’s fixed-rate debt, if any, may be accounted for as fair value hedges. Interest rate swaps related to floating-rate debt, if any, are recorded at fair value on the balance sheet with resulting gains and losses reflected in income. Where Chevron is a party to master netting arrangements, fair value receivable and payable amounts recognized for derivative instruments executed with
the same counterparty are generally offset on the balance sheet.
iInventoriesCrude oil, products and chemicals inventories are generally stated at cost, using a last-in, first-out method. In the aggregate, these costs are below market. “Materials, supplies and other” inventories are primarily stated at cost or net realizable value.
Properties, Plant and EquipmentThe successful efforts method is used for crude oil and natural gas exploration
and production activities. All costs for development wells, related plant and equipment, proved mineral interests in crude oil and natural gas properties, and related asset retirement obligation (ARO) assets are capitalized. Costs of exploratory wells are capitalized pending determination of whether the wells found proved reserves. Costs of wells that are assigned proved reserves remain capitalized. Costs also are capitalized for exploratory wells that have found crude oil and natural gas reserves even if the reserves cannot be classified as proved when the drilling is completed, provided the exploratory well has found a sufficient quantity of reserves to justify its completion as a producing well and the company is making sufficient progress assessing the reserves and the economic and operating viability of the project. All other exploratory wells and costs are expensed. Refer to Note
21 Accounting for Suspended Exploratory Wells for additional discussion of accounting for suspended exploratory well costs.
Long-lived assets to be held and used, including proved crude oil and natural gas properties, are assessed for possible impairment by comparing their carrying values with their associated undiscounted, future net cash flows. Events that can trigger assessments for possible impairments include write-downs of proved reserves based on field performance, significant decreases in the market value of an asset (including changes to the commodity price forecast or carbon costs), significant change in the extent or manner of use of or a physical change in an asset, and a more likely than not expectation that a long-lived asset or asset group will be sold or otherwise disposed of significantly sooner than the end of its previously estimated useful life. Impaired assets are written down
to their estimated fair values, generally their discounted, future net cash flows. For proved crude oil and natural gas properties, the company performs impairment reviews on a country, concession, PSC, development area or field basis, as appropriate. In downstream, impairment reviews are performed on the basis of a refinery, a plant, a marketing/lubricants area or distribution area, as appropriate. Impairment amounts are recorded as incremental “Depreciation, depletion and amortization” expense.
Long-lived assets that are held for sale are evaluated for possible impairment by comparing the carrying value of the asset with its fair value less the cost to sell. If the net book value exceeds the fair value less cost to sell, the asset is considered impaired and adjusted to the lower value. Refer to Note
9 Fair Value Measurements relating to fair value measurements. The fair value of a liability for an ARO is recorded as an asset and a liability when there is a legal obligation associated with the retirement of a long-lived asset and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Refer also to Note 25 Asset Retirement Obligations relating to AROs.
Depreciation and depletion of all capitalized costs of proved crude oil and natural gas producing properties, except mineral interests, are expensed using the unit-of-production method, generally by individual field, as the proved developed reserves are produced. Depletion expenses for capitalized costs of proved mineral interests are recognized using the unit-of-production method by individual field as the related proved
reserves are produced. Impairments of capitalized costs of unproved mineral interests are expensed.
The capitalized costs of all other plant and equipment are depreciated or amortized over their estimated useful lives. In general, the declining-balance method is used to depreciate plant and equipment in the United States; the straight-line method is generally used to depreciate international plant and equipment and to amortize finance lease right-of-use assets.
Gains or losses are not recognized for normal retirements of properties, plant and equipment subject to composite group amortization or depreciation. Gains or losses from abnormal retirements are recorded as expenses, and from sales as “Other income.”
Expenditures for maintenance (including those for planned major maintenance projects), repairs and minor renewals to maintain
facilities in operating condition are generally expensed as incurred. Major replacements and renewals are capitalized.
i
Leases Leases are classified as operating or finance leases. Both operating and finance leases recognize lease liabilities and associated right-of-use assets. The company has elected the short-term lease exception and therefore only recognizes right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for leases with a term greater than
one year. The company has elected the practical expedient to not separate non-lease components from lease components for most asset classes except for certain asset classes that have significant non-lease (i.e., service) components.
Where leases are used in joint ventures, the company recognizes ii100/
percent of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities when the company is the sole signatory for the lease (in most cases, where the company is the operator of a joint venture). Lease costs reflect only the costs associated with the operator’s working interest share. The lease term includes the committed lease term identified in the contract, taking into account renewal and termination options that management is
reasonably certain to exercise. The company uses its incremental borrowing rate as a proxy for the discount rate based on the term of the lease unless the implicit rate is available.
iGoodwill
Goodwill resulting from a business combination is not subject to amortization. The company tests such goodwill at the reporting unit level for impairment annually at December 31, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount.
i
Environmental Expenditures Environmental expenditures that relate to ongoing operations
or to conditions caused by past operations are expensed. Expenditures that create future benefits or contribute to future revenue generation are capitalized.
Liabilities related to future remediation costs are recorded when environmental assessments or cleanups or both are probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. For crude oil, natural gas and mineral-producing properties, a liability for an ARO is made in accordance with accounting standards for asset retirement and environmental obligations. Refer to Note 25 Asset Retirement Obligations for a discussion of the company’s AROs.
For U.S. federal Superfund sites and analogous sites under state
laws, the company records a liability for its designated share of the probable and estimable costs, and probable amounts for other potentially responsible parties when mandated by the regulatory agencies because the other parties are not able to pay their respective shares. The gross amount of environmental liabilities is based on the company’s best estimate of future costs using currently available technology and applying current regulations and the company’s own internal environmental policies. Future amounts are not discounted. Recoveries or reimbursements are recorded as assets when receipt is reasonably assured.
iCurrency
Translation The U.S. dollar is the functional currency for substantially all of the company’s consolidated operations and those of its equity affiliates. For those operations, all gains and losses from currency remeasurement are included in current period income. The cumulative translation effects for those few entities, both consolidated and affiliated, using functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar are included in “Currency translation adjustment” on the Consolidated Statement of Equity.
i
Revenue
Recognition The company accounts for each delivery order of crude oil, natural gas, petroleum and chemical products as a separate performance obligation. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied, which typically occurs at the point in time when control of the product transfers to the customer. iPayment is generally due within 30 days of delivery.The company accounts for delivery transportation as a fulfillment cost,
not a separate performance obligation, and recognizes these costs as an operating expense in the period when revenue for the related commodity is recognized.
Revenue is measured as the amount the company expects to receive in exchange for transferring commodities to the customer. The company’s commodity sales are typically based on prevailing market-based prices and may include discounts and allowances. Until market prices become known under terms of the company’s contracts, the transaction price included in revenue is based on the
company’s estimate of the most likely outcome.
Discounts and allowances are estimated using a combination of historical and recent data trends. When deliveries contain multiple products, an observable standalone selling price is generally used to measure revenue for each product. The company includes estimates in the transaction price only to the extent that a significant reversal of revenue is not probable in subsequent periods.
/
iStock
Options and Other Share-Based CompensationThe company issues stock options and other share-based compensation to certain employees. For equity awards, such as stock options, total compensation cost is based on the grant date fair value, and for liability awards, such as stock appreciation rights, total compensation cost is based on the settlement value. The company recognizes stock-based compensation expense for all awards over the service period required to earn the award, which is the shorter of the vesting period or the time period in which an employee becomes eligible to retain the award at retirement. The company’s Long-Term Incentive Plan (LTIP) awards include stock options
and stock appreciation rights, which have graded vesting provisions by which one-third of each award vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the date of grant. In addition, performance shares granted under the company’s LTIP will vest at the end of the ithree-year performance period. For awards granted under the company’s LTIP beginning
in 2017, stock options and stock appreciation rights have graded vesting by which one third of each award vests annually on each January 31 on or after the first anniversary of the grant date. Special restricted stock unit awards have cliff vesting by which the total award will vest on January 31 on or after the third anniversary of the grant date. Standard restricted stock unit awards have cliff vesting by which the total award will vest on January 31 on or after the fifth anniversary of the grant date, subject to adjustment upon termination pursuant to the satisfaction of certain criteria. Commencing for grants issued in January 2023 /
and after, standard restricted stock units vest ratably on an annual basis over a ithree-year
period. The company amortizes these awards on a straight-line basis.
Note 2
i
Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Losses
i
The
change in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Losses (AOCL) presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and the impact of significant amounts reclassified from AOCL on information presented in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the year ended December 31, 2022, are reflected in the table below.
2 Refer to Note 23 Employee Benefit Plans, for reclassified components, including amortization of actuarial gains or losses, amortization of prior service costs and settlement losses, totaling $i580 that are included in employee benefit costs for the year
ended December 31, 2022. Related income taxes for the same period, totaling $i138, are reflected in Income Tax Expense on the Consolidated Statement of Income. All other reclassified amounts were insignificant.
Information Relating to the Consolidated
Statement of Cash Flows
i
Year ended December 31
2022
2021
2020
Distributions
more (less) than income from equity affiliates includes the following:
Distributions from equity affiliates
$
i3,855
$
i3,659
$
i1,543
(Income)
loss from equity affiliates
(i8,585)
(i5,657)
i472
Distributions
more (less) than income from equity affiliates
$
(i4,730)
$
(i1,998)
$
i2,015
Net
decrease (increase) in operating working capital was composed of the following:
Decrease (increase) in accounts and notes receivable
$
(i2,317)
$
(i7,548)
$
i2,423
Decrease
(increase) in inventories
(i930)
(i530)
i284
Decrease
(increase) in prepaid expenses and other current assets
(i226)
i19
(i87)
Increase
(decrease) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities
i2,750
i5,475
(i3,576)
Increase
(decrease) in income and other taxes payable
i2,848
i1,223
(i696)
Net
decrease (increase) in operating working capital
$
i2,125
$
(i1,361)
$
(i1,652)
Net
cash provided by operating activities includes the following cash payments:
Interest on debt (net of capitalized interest)
$
i525
$
i699
$
i720
Income
taxes
i9,148
i4,355
i2,987
Proceeds
and deposits related to asset sales and returns of investment consisted of the following gross amounts:
Proceeds and deposits related to asset sales
$
i1,435
$
i1,352
$
i2,891
Returns
of investment from equity affiliates
i1,200
i439
i77
Proceeds
and deposits related to asset sales and returns of investment
$
i2,635
$
i1,791
$
i2,968
Net
sales (purchases) of marketable securities consisted of the following gross amounts:
Marketable securities purchased
$
(i7)
$
(i4)
$
i—
Marketable
securities sold
i124
i3
i35
Net
sales (purchases) of marketable securities
$
i117
$
(i1)
$
i35
Net
repayment (borrowing) of loans by equity affiliates:
Borrowing of loans by equity affiliates
$
(i108)
$
i—
$
(i3,925)
Repayment
of loans by equity affiliates
i84
i401
i2,506
Net
repayment (borrowing) of loans by equity affiliates
$
(i24)
$
i401
$
(i1,419)
Net
borrowings (repayments) of short-term obligations consisted of the following gross and net amounts:
Proceeds from issuances of short-term obligations
$
i—
$
i4,448
$
i10,846
Repayments
of short-term obligations
i—
(i6,906)
(i9,771)
Net
borrowings (repayments) of short-term obligations with three months or less maturity
i263
(i3,114)
(i424)
Net
borrowings (repayments) of short-term obligations
$
i263
$
(i5,572)
$
i651
Net
sales (purchases) of treasury shares consists of the following gross and net amounts:
Shares issued for share-based compensation plans
$
i5,838
$
i1,421
$
i226
Shares
purchased under share repurchase and deferred compensation plans
(i11,255)
(i1,383)
(i1,757)
Net
sales (purchases) of treasury shares
$
(i5,417)
$
i38
$
(i1,531)
Net
contributions from (distributions to) noncontrolling interests consisted of the following gross and net amounts:
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
$
(i118)
$
(i53)
$
(i26)
Contributions
from noncontrolling interests
i4
i17
i2
Net
contributions from (distributions to) noncontrolling interests
$
(i114)
$
(i36)
$
(i24)
/
The
“Other” line in the Operating Activities section includes changes in postretirement benefits obligations and other long-term liabilities.
The Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows excludes changes to the Consolidated Balance Sheet that did not affect cash. “Depreciation, depletion and amortization,”“Deferred income tax provision,” and “Dry hole expense,” collectively include approximately $i1.1 billion in non-cash reductions to properties, plant and equipment in 2022
relating to impairments and other non-cash charges. The company did not have any material impairments in 2021.
The components of “Capital expenditures” are presented in the following table:
Year
ended December 31
2022
2021
2020
Additions to properties, plant and equipment *
$
i10,349
$
i7,515
$
i8,492
Additions
to investments
i1,147
i460
i136
Current-year
dry hole expenditures
i309
i83
i327
Payments
for other assets and liabilities, net
i169
(i2)
(i33)
Capital
expenditures
$
i11,974
$
i8,056
$
i8,922
* Excludes
non-cash movements of $i334 in 2022, $i316 in 2021 and $i816
in 2020.
/ii
The table below quantifies the beginning and ending
balances of restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the Consolidated Balance Sheet:
Year ended December 31
2022
2021
2020
Cash
and cash equivalents
$
i17,678
$
i5,640
$
i5,596
Restricted
cash included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets”
i630
i333
i365
Restricted
cash included in “Deferred charges and other assets”
i813
i822
i776
Total
cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
$
i19,121
$
i6,795
$
i6,737
//
Note
4
i
New Accounting Standards
There are not currently any new or pending accounting standards that have a significant impact on Chevron.
Note 5
ii
Lease
Commitments
The company enters into leasing arrangements as a lessee; any lessor arrangements are not significant. Operating lease arrangements mainly involve land, bareboat charters, terminals, drill ships, drilling rigs, time chartered vessels, office buildings and warehouses, and exploration and production equipment. Finance leases primarily include facilities, vessels and office buildings.
i
Details
of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating and finance leases, including the balance sheet presentation, are as follows:
*
Includes non-cash additions of $i1,807 and $i3
in 2022, and $i1,063 and $i60 in 2021
for right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new and modified lease liabilities for operating and finance leases, respectively.
iTotal lease costs consist of both amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income during the period and amounts capitalized as part of the cost of another asset. Total lease costs incurred for operating and finance leases were as follows:
Additionally,
the company has $i1,570 in future undiscounted cash flows for operating leases not yet commenced. These leases are primarily for drill ships and drilling rigs. The company also has $i327
in future undiscounted cash flows for a finance lease not yet commenced for production equipment. For those leasing arrangements where the underlying asset is not yet constructed, the lessor is primarily involved in the design and construction of the asset.
Note 6
i
Summarized Financial Data – Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
Chevron
U.S.A. Inc. (CUSA) is a major subsidiary of Chevron Corporation. CUSA and its subsidiaries manage and operate most of Chevron’s U.S. businesses. Assets include those related to the exploration and production of crude oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas and those associated with the refining, marketing, supply and distribution of products derived from petroleum, excluding most of the regulated pipeline operations of Chevron. CUSA also holds the company’s investment in the Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC joint venture, which is accounted for using the equity method. iThe
summarized financial information for CUSA and its consolidated subsidiaries is as follows:
Chevron has a i50 percent equity ownership
interest in Tengizchevroil LLP (TCO). Refer to Note 15 Investments and Advances for a discussion of TCO operations. iSummarized financial information for i100
percent of TCO is presented in the table below: /
Year ended December 31
2022
2021
2020
Sales
and other operating revenues
$
i23,795
$
i15,927
$
i9,194
Costs
and other deductions
i11,596
i8,186
i6,076
Net
income attributable to TCO
i8,566
i5,418
i2,196
i
At
December 31
2022
2021
Current assets
$
i6,522
$
i3,307
Other
assets
i54,506
i51,473
Current
liabilities
i3,567
i3,436
Other
liabilities
i12,312
i12,060
Total
TCO net equity
$
i45,149
$
i39,284
/
/
Note
8
Summarized Financial Data – Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC
Chevron has a i50 percent equity ownership interest in Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC (CPChem). Refer to Note 15 Investments and Advances for a discussion of CPChem operations. Summarized financial information for i100
percent of CPChem is presented in the table below:
Year ended December 31
2022
2021
2020
Sales and other operating revenues
$
i14,180
$
i14,104
$
i8,407
Costs
and other deductions
i12,870
i10,862
i7,221
Net
income attributable to CPChem
i1,662
i3,684
i1,260
At
December 31
2022
2021
Current assets
$
i3,472
$
i3,381
Other
assets
i15,184
i14,396
Current
liabilities
i2,146
i1,854
Other
liabilities
i2,941
i3,160
Total
CPChem net equity
$
i13,569
$
i12,763
Note
9
i
Fair Value Measurements
The tables below show the fair value hierarchy for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Marketable Securities The company calculates fair
value for its marketable securities based on quoted market prices for identical assets. The fair values reflect the cash that would have been received if the instruments were sold at December 31, 2022.
DerivativesThe company records most of its derivative instruments – other than any commodity derivative contracts that are accounted for as normal purchase and normal sale – on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value, with the offsetting
amount to the Consolidated Statement of Income. The company designates certain derivative instruments as cash flow hedges that, if applicable, are reflected in the table below. Derivatives classified as Level 1 include futures, swaps and options contracts valued using quoted prices from active markets such as the New York Mercantile
Exchange. Derivatives classified as Level 2 include swaps, options and forward contracts, the fair values of which are obtained from third-party broker quotes, industry pricing services and exchanges. The company obtains multiple sources of pricing information for the Level 2 instruments. Since this pricing information is generated from observable market data, it has historically been very consistent. The company does not materially adjust this information.
Properties, Plant and Equipment The company did not have any individually material impairments of long-lived
assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis to report in 2022 or 2021.
Investments and Advances The company did not have any material impairments of investments and advances measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis to report in 2022 or 2021.
i
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Assets
and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
At December 31
At December 31
Before-Tax
Loss
Before-Tax Loss
Total
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Year 2022
Total
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Year 2021
Properties, plant and equipment, net (held and used)
$
i54
$
i—
$
i—
$
i54
$
i518
$
i124
$
i—
$
i—
$
i124
$
i414
Properties,
plant and equipment, net (held for sale)
i—
i—
i—
i—
i432
i—
i—
i—
i—
i—
Investments
and advances
i33
i2
i—
i31
i9
i16
i—
i—
i16
i32
Total
nonrecurring assets at fair value
$
i87
$
i2
$
i—
$
i85
$
i959
$
i140
$
i—
$
i—
$
i140
$
i446
/
At
year-end 2022, the company had assets measured at fair value Level 3 using unobservable inputs of $i85. The carrying value of these assets were written down to fair value based on estimates derived from internal discounted cash flow models. Cash flows were determined using estimates of future production, an outlook of future price based on published prices and a discount rate believed to be consistent with those used by principal market participants.
Assets and Liabilities Not Required to
Be Measured at Fair Value The company holds cash equivalents in U.S. and non-U.S. portfolios. The instruments classified as cash equivalents are primarily bank time deposits with maturities of i90 days or less and money market funds. “Cash and cash equivalents” had carrying/fair values of $i17,678
and $i5,640 at December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents are classified as Level 1 and reflect the cash that would have been received if the instruments were settled at December 31, 2022.
“Cash and cash equivalents” do not include investments with a carrying/fair value of $i1,443
and $i1,155 at December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively. At December 31, 2022, these investments are classified as Level 1 and include restricted funds related to certain upstream decommissioning activities, tax payments and a financing program.
Long-term debt, excluding finance lease liabilities, of $i16,258
and $i22,164 at December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively, had estimated fair values of $i14,959 and $i23,670,
respectively. Long-term debt primarily includes corporate issued bonds. The fair value of corporate bonds is $i14,571 and classified as Level 1. The fair value of other long-term debt classified as Level 2 is $i388.
The
carrying values of other short-term financial assets and liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet approximate their fair values. Fair value remeasurements of other financial instruments at December 31, 2022 and 2021, were not material.
Derivative Commodity InstrumentsThe company’s
derivative commodity instruments principally include crude oil, natural gas, liquefied natural gas and refined product futures, swaps, options, and forward contracts. The company applies cash flow hedge accounting to certain commodity transactions, where appropriate, to manage the market price risk associated with forecasted sales of crude oil. The company’s derivatives are not material to the company’s financial position, results of operations or liquidity. The company believes it has no material market or credit risks to its operations, financial position
or liquidity as a result of its commodity derivative activities.
The company uses derivative commodity instruments traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange and on electronic platforms of the Inter-Continental Exchange and Chicago Mercantile Exchange. In addition, the company enters into swap contracts and option contracts principally with major financial institutions and other oil and gas companies in the “over-the-counter” markets, which are governed by International Swaps and Derivatives Association agreements and other master netting arrangements. Depending on the nature
of the derivative transactions, bilateral collateral arrangements may also be required.
Derivative instruments measured at fair value at December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, and their classification on the Consolidated Balance Sheet below and Consolidated Statement of Income on the following page:
i
Consolidated
Balance Sheet: Fair Value of Derivatives
The
amount reclassified from “Accumulated other comprehensive losses” (AOCL) to “Sales and other operating revenues” from designated hedges was $i80 in 2022, compared with an iimmaterial
amount in the prior year. At December 31, 2022, before-tax deferred losses in AOCL related to outstanding crude oil price hedging contracts were $ii15/,
all of which is expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months as the hedged crude oil sales are recognized in earnings.
ii
The table below represents gross and net derivative assets and liabilities subject to netting agreements on the Consolidated
Balance Sheet at December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Consolidated Balance Sheet: The Effect of Netting Derivative Assets and Liabilities
Derivative assets and liabilities are classified on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as “Accounts and notes receivable”, “Long-term receivables”, “Accounts payable”, and “Deferred credits and other noncurrent obligations”. Amounts not offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet represent positions that do not meet all the conditions for “a right of offset.”
Concentrations of Credit RiskThe
company’s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of its cash equivalents, marketable securities, derivative financial instruments and trade receivables. The company’s short-term investments are placed with a wide array of financial institutions with high credit ratings. Company investment policies limit the company’s exposure both to credit risk and to concentrations of credit risk. Similar policies on diversification and creditworthiness are applied to the company’s counterparties in derivative instruments. For a discussion of credit risk on trade receivables, see Note
28 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses.
Note 11
i
Assets Held for Sale
At December 31, 2022, the company classified $i436
of net properties, plant and equipment as “Assets held for sale” on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. These assets are associated with upstream operations that are anticipated to be sold in the next 12 months. The revenues and earnings contributions of these assets in 2022 were not material.
/
Note 12
i
Equity
Retained
earnings at December 31, 2022 and 2021, included $i33,570 and $i28,876,
respectively, for the company’s share of undistributed earnings of equity affiliates.
/
At December 31, 2022, about i104
million shares of Chevron’s common stock remained available for issuance from the i104 million shares that were reserved for issuance under the 2022 Chevron Long-Term Incentive Plan. In addition, i597,152
shares remain available for issuance from the i1,600,000 shares of the company’s common stock that were reserved for awards under the Chevron Corporation Non-Employee Directors’ Equity Compensation and Deferral Plan.
Note 13
iEarnings
Per Share
Basic earnings per share (EPS) is based upon “Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Chevron Corporation” (“earnings”) and includes the effects of deferrals of salary and other compensation awards that are invested in Chevron stock units by certain officers and employees of the company. Diluted EPS includes the effects of these items as well as the dilutive effects of outstanding stock options awarded under the company’s stock option programs (refer to Note 22 Stock Options and Other Share-Based Compensation). iThe
table below sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS:
Year ended December 31
2022
2021
2020
Basic
EPS Calculation
Earnings available to common stockholders - Basic1
$
i35,465
$
i15,625
$
(i5,543)
Weighted-average
number of common shares outstanding2
i1,931
i1,916
i1,870
Add:
Deferred awards held as stock units
i—
i—
i—
Total
weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
i1,931
i1,916
i1,870
Earnings
per share of common stock - Basic
$
i18.36
$
i8.15
$
(i2.96)
Diluted
EPS Calculation
Earnings available to common stockholders - Diluted1
$
i35,465
$
i15,625
$
(i5,543)
Weighted-average
number of common shares outstanding2
i1,931
i1,916
i1,870
Add:
Deferred awards held as stock units
i—
i—
i—
Add:
Dilutive effect of employee stock-based awards
i9
i4
i—
Total
weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
i1,940
i1,920
i1,870
Earnings
per share of common stock - Diluted
$
i18.28
$
i8.14
$
(i2.96)
1
There was no effect of dividend equivalents paid on stock units or dilutive impact of employee stock-based awards on earnings.
2 Millions of shares; i1 million shares of employee-based awards were not included in the 2020 diluted EPS calculation as the result would be anti-dilutive.
Although
each subsidiary of Chevron is responsible for its own affairs, Chevron Corporation manages its investments in these subsidiaries and their affiliates. The investments are grouped into iitwo/
business segments, Upstream and Downstream, representing the company’s “reportable segments” and “operating segments.” Upstream operations consist primarily of exploring for, developing, producing and transporting crude oil and natural gas; liquefaction, transportation and regasification associated with liquefied natural gas (LNG); transporting crude oil by major international oil export pipelines; processing, transporting, storage and marketing of natural gas; and a gas-to-liquids plant. Downstream operations consist primarily of refining of crude oil into petroleum products; marketing of crude oil, refined products, and lubricants; manufacturing and marketing of renewable fuels; transporting of crude oil and refined products by pipeline, marine vessel, motor equipment and rail car; and manufacturing and marketing of commodity petrochemicals, plastics for industrial uses,
and fuel and lubricant additives. All Other activities of the company include worldwide cash management and debt financing activities, corporate administrative functions, insurance operations, real estate activities, and technology activities.
The company’s segments are managed by “segment managers” who report to the “chief operating decision maker” (CODM). The segments represent components of the company that engage in activities (a) from which revenues are earned and expenses are incurred; (b) whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the CODM, which makes decisions about resources to be allocated to the segments and assesses their performance; and (c) for
which discrete financial information is available.
The company’s primary country of operation is the United States of America, its country of domicile. Other components of the company’s operations are reported as “International” (outside the United States).
/
Segment EarningsThe company evaluates the performance of its operating segments on an after-tax basis, without considering the effects of debt financing interest expense or investment
interest income, both of which are managed by the company on a worldwide basis. Corporate administrative costs are not allocated to the operating segments. However, operating segments are billed for the direct use of corporate services. Non-billable costs remain at the corporate level in “All Other.”iEarnings by major operating area are presented in the following table:
Year
ended December 31
2022
2021
2020
Upstream
United States
$
i12,621
$
i7,319
$
(i1,608)
International
i17,663
i8,499
(i825)
Total
Upstream
i30,284
i15,818
(i2,433)
Downstream
United
States
i5,394
i2,389
(i571)
International
i2,761
i525
i618
Total
Downstream
i8,155
i2,914
i47
Total
Segment Earnings
i38,439
i18,732
(i2,386)
All
Other
Interest expense
(i476)
(i662)
(i658)
Interest
income
i261
i36
i52
Other
(i2,759)
(i2,481)
(i2,551)
Net
Income (Loss) Attributable to Chevron Corporation
Segment AssetsSegment assets do not include intercompany investments or receivables. iAssets
at year-end 2022 and 2021 are as follows:
At December 31
2022
2021
Upstream
United States
$
i44,246
$
i41,870
International
i134,489
i138,157
Goodwill
i4,370
i4,385
Total
Upstream
i183,105
i184,412
Downstream
United
States
i31,676
i26,376
International
i21,193
i18,848
Goodwill
i352
i—
Total
Downstream
i53,221
i45,224
Total
Segment Assets
i236,326
i229,636
All
Other
United States
i17,861
i5,746
International
i3,522
i4,153
Total
All Other
i21,383
i9,899
Total
Assets – United States
i93,783
i73,992
Total
Assets – International
i159,204
i161,158
Goodwill
i4,722
i4,385
Total
Assets
$
i257,709
$
i239,535
Segment
Sales and Other Operating RevenuesOperating segment sales and other operating revenues, including internal transfers, for the years 2022, 2021 and 2020, are presented in the table on the next page. Products are transferred between operating segments at internal product values that approximate market prices.
iRevenues for the upstream segment are derived primarily from the production and sale of crude oil and natural gas, as well as
the sale of third-party production of natural gas. Revenues for the downstream segment are derived from the refining and marketing of petroleum products such as gasoline, jet fuel, gas oils, lubricants, residual fuel oils and other products derived from crude oil. This segment also generates revenues from the manufacture and sale of fuel and lubricant additives and the transportation and trading of refined products and crude oil. “All Other” activities include revenues from insurance operations, real estate activities and technology companies.
Equity in earnings, together with investments in and advances to companies accounted for using the equity method and other investments accounted for at or below cost, is shown in the following table. For certain equity affiliates, Chevron pays its share of some income taxes directly. For such affiliates, the equity in earnings does not include these taxes, which are reported on the Consolidated Statement of Income as “Income tax expense.”
Investments
and Advances
Equity in Earnings
At December 31
Year ended December 31
2022
2021
2022
2021
2020
Upstream
Tengizchevroil
$
i26,534
$
i23,727
$
i4,386
$
i2,831
$
i1,238
Petropiar
i—
i—
i—
i—
(i1,396)
Petroboscan
i—
i—
i—
i—
(i1,112)
Caspian
Pipeline Consortium
i761
i805
i128
i155
i159
Angola
LNG Limited
i1,963
i2,180
i1,857
i336
(i166)
Other
i1,938
i1,859
i255
i187
i137
Total
Upstream
i31,196
i28,571
i6,626
i3,509
(i1,140)
Downstream
Chevron
Phillips Chemical Company LLC
i6,843
i6,455
i867
i1,842
i630
GS
Caltex Corporation
i4,288
i3,616
i874
i85
(i185)
Other
i2,288
i1,725
i224
i220
i223
Total
Downstream
i13,419
i11,796
i1,965
i2,147
i668
All
Other
Other
(i5)
(i10)
(i6)
i1
i—
Total
equity method
$
i44,610
$
i40,357
$
i8,585
$
i5,657
$
(i472)
Other
non-equity method investments
i628
i339
Total
investments and advances
$
i45,238
$
i40,696
Total
United States
$
i9,855
$
i8,540
$
i975
$
i1,889
$
i709
Total
International
$
i35,383
$
i32,156
$
i7,610
$
i3,768
$
(i1,181)
/
Descriptions
of major equity affiliates and non-equity investments, including significant differences between the company’s carrying value of its investments and its underlying equity in the net assets of the affiliates, are as follows:
Tengizchevroil Chevron has a i50 percent equity ownership interest in Tengizchevroil (TCO), which operates the Tengiz and Korolev crude oil fields in Kazakhstan. At December
31, 2022, the company’s carrying value of its investment in TCO was about $i90 higher than the amount of underlying equity in TCO’s net assets. This difference results from Chevron acquiring a portion of its interest in TCO at a value greater than the underlying book value for that portion of TCO’s net assets. Included in the investment is a loan to TCO to fund the development of the FGP/WPMP
with a principal balance of $i4,500.
Petropiar Chevron has a i30 percent interest in Petropiar, a joint stock
company which operates the heavy oil Huyapari Field and upgrading project in Venezuela’s Orinoco Belt. In 2020, the company fully impaired its investments in the Petropiar affiliate and, effective July 1, 2020, began accounting for this venture as a non-equity method investment.
Petroboscan Chevron has a i39.2 percent interest in Petroboscan, a joint stock company which operates
the Boscan Field in Venezuela. In 2020, the company fully impaired its investments in the Petroboscan affiliate and, effective July 1, 2020, began accounting for this venture as a non-equity method investment. The company also has an outstanding long-term loan to Petroboscan of $i560, which remains fully provisioned for at year-end 2022.
Caspian Pipeline Consortium
Chevron has a i15 percent interest in the Caspian Pipeline Consortium, which provides the critical export route for crude oil from both TCO and Karachaganak.
Angola LNG LimitedChevron has a i36.4
percent interest in Angola LNG Limited, which processes and liquefies natural gas produced in Angola for delivery to international markets.
Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC Chevron owns i50 percent of Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC. Included in the investment balance is a loan with a principal balance of $i59
to fund a portion of the Golden Triangle Polymers Project in Orange, Texas, in which Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC owns i51 percent.
GS Caltex CorporationChevron owns i50 percent of GS Caltex
Corporation, a joint venture with GS Energy in South Korea. The joint venture imports, produces and markets petroleum products, petrochemicals and lubricants.
Other Information“Sales and other operating revenues” on the Consolidated Statement of Income includes $i16,286, $i10,796
and $i6,038 with affiliated companies for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. “Purchased crude oil and products” includes $i10,171,
$i5,778 and $i3,003 with affiliated companies for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
“Accounts and notes receivable”
on the Consolidated Balance Sheet includes $i907 and $i1,454 due from affiliated companies at December 31,
2022 and 2021, respectively. “Accounts payable” includes $i709 and $i552 due to affiliated companies at December 31,
2022 and 2021, respectively.
i
The following table provides summarized financial information on a i100
percent basis for all equity affiliates as well as Chevron’s total share, which includes Chevron’s net loans to affiliates of $i4,278, $i4,704 and $i5,153
at December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Affiliates
Chevron
Share
Year ended December 31
2022
2021
2020
2022
2021
2020
Total revenues
$
i100,184
$
i71,241
$
i49,093
$
i48,323
$
i34,359
$
i21,641
Income
before income tax expense*
i23,811
i15,175
i5,682
i10,876
i6,984
i2,550
Net
income attributable to affiliates
i19,077
i12,598
i4,704
i8,595
i5,670
i2,034
At
December 31
Current assets
$
i26,632
$
i21,871
$
i17,087
$
i11,671
$
i9,267
$
i7,328
Noncurrent
assets
i101,557
i100,235
i97,468
i46,428
i44,360
i43,247
Current
liabilities
i16,319
i17,275
i12,164
i7,708
i7,492
i5,052
Noncurrent
liabilities
i22,943
i24,219
i25,586
i5,980
i5,982
i5,884
Total
affiliates’ net equity
$
i88,927
$
i80,612
$
i76,805
$
i44,411
$
i40,153
$
i39,639
*
Chevron’s net income attributable to affiliates is recorded in the company’s before-tax consolidated earnings in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The total income tax expense recorded by the company’s equity affiliates in 2022 was $i4,734, with Chevron’s share being $i2,281.
/
Note
16
i
Litigation
Ecuador
In 2003, Chevron was sued in Ecuador for environmental harm allegedly caused by an oil consortium formerly operated by a Texaco subsidiary. The subsidiary previously had been released from environmental claims by Ecuador after it completed a ithree-year
remediation program, which Ecuador certified. Nonetheless, in February 2011, the Ecuadorian trial court entered judgment against Chevron for approximately $i9.5 billion, plus punitive damages. An appellate panel affirmed, and Ecuador’s National Court of Justice ratified the judgment but nullified the punitive damages. Ecuador’s highest Constitutional Court rejected Chevron’s final appeal in July 2018.
In 2011, Chevron sued the Ecuadorian plaintiffs and several of their lawyers and cohorts in the U.S. District
Court for the Southern District of New York (SDNY) for violations of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act and state law. The SDNY ruled that the Ecuadorian judgment had been procured through fraud, bribery, and corruption, and prohibited the defendants from seeking to enforce the judgment in the United States or profiting from their illegal acts. The Second Circuit affirmed, and the U.S. Supreme Court denied certiorari in 2017. The Ecuadorian plaintiffs sought to have the Ecuadorian judgment recognized and enforced in Canada, Brazil, and Argentina, but all of those actions were dismissed in Chevron’s favor.
In 2009, Chevron filed an arbitration claim against Ecuador before an arbitral tribunal administered by the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague, under the United States-Ecuador Bilateral Investment Treaty. In 2018, the Tribunal ruled that the Ecuadorian judgment was procured through fraud,
bribery, and corruption, and was based on environmental claims that Ecuador had already settled and released. According to the Tribunal, the Ecuadorian judgment “violates international public policy” and “should not be recognized or enforced by the courts of other States.” The Tribunal ordered Ecuador to remove the judgment’s status of enforceability and to compensate Chevron for its injuries. The arbitration’s final phases, to determine the amount of compensation owed to Chevron and to allocate the arbitration’s costs, remain pending. In 2020, the District Court of The Hague denied Ecuador’s request to set aside the Tribunal’s award. Based on Ecuador’s admissions during the litigation, the Court stated that it now is “common ground” between Ecuador and Chevron that the Ecuadorian judgment is fraudulent. In June 2022, The Hague Court of Appeals dismissed Ecuador’s appeal. In September
2022, Ecuador appealed to the Dutch Supreme Court. In a separate proceeding before the Office of the United States Trade Representative, Ecuador also admitted in July 2020 that the Ecuadorian judgment is fraudulent.
Management continues to believe that the Ecuadorian judgment is illegitimate and unenforceable and will vigorously defend against any further attempts to have it recognized or enforced.
Climate
Change
Governmental and other entities in various jurisdictions across the United States have filed legal proceedings against fossil fuel producing companies, including Chevron entities, purporting to seek legal and equitable relief to address alleged impacts of climate change. Chevron entities are or were among the codefendants in i23 separate lawsuits brought by 17 U.S. cities and counties, three U.S. states, the District of Columbia, a group of municipalities in Puerto Rico and a trade group. iOne
of the city lawsuits was dismissed on the merits, and one of the county lawsuits was voluntarily dismissed by the plaintiff. The lawsuits assert various causes of action, including public nuisance, private nuisance, failure to warn, fraud, conspiracy to commit fraud, design defect, product defect, trespass, negligence, impairment of public trust, violations of consumer protection statutes, violations of a federal antitrust statute, and violations of the RICO Act, based upon, among other things, the company’s production of oil and gas products and alleged misrepresentations or omissions relating to climate change risks associated with those products. The unprecedented legal theories set forth in these proceedings entail the possibility of damages liability (both compensatory and punitive), injunctive and other forms of equitable relief, including without limitation abatement and disgorgement
of profits, civil penalties and liability for fees and costs of suits, that, while we believe remote, could have a material adverse effect on the company’s results of operations and financial condition. Further such proceedings are likely to be filed by other parties. Management believes that these proceedings are legally and factually meritless and detract from constructive efforts to address the important policy issues presented by climate change, and will vigorously defend against such proceedings.
Louisiana
Seven coastal parishes and the State of Louisiana have filed lawsuits in Louisiana against numerous oil and gas companies seeking damages for coastal erosion in or near oil fields located within Louisiana’s coastal zone under Louisiana’s State and Local Coastal Resources Management Act (SLCRMA).
Chevron entities are defendants in i39 of these cases. The lawsuits allege that the defendants’ historical operations were conducted without necessary permits or failed to comply with permits obtained and seek damages and other relief, including the costs of restoring coastal wetlands allegedly impacted by oil field operations. Plaintiffs’ SLCRMA theories are unprecedented; thus, there remains significant uncertainty about the scope of the claims and alleged damages and any potential effects on the company’s
results of operations and financial condition. Management believes that the claims lack legal and factual merit and will continue to vigorously defend against such proceedings.
Note 17
i
Taxes
i
Income
Taxes
Year ended December 31
2022
2021
2020
Income tax expense (benefit)
U.S. federal
Current
$
i1,723
$
i174
$
(i182)
Deferred
i2,240
i1,004
(i1,315)
State
and local
Current
i482
i222
i65
Deferred
i39
i202
(i152)
Total
United States
i4,484
i1,602
(i1,584)
International
Current
i9,738
i4,854
i1,833
Deferred
(i156)
(i506)
(i2,141)
Total
International
i9,582
i4,348
(i308)
Total
income tax expense (benefit)
$
i14,066
$
i5,950
$
(i1,892)
/
iThe
reconciliation between the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate and the company’s effective income tax rate is detailed in the following table:
Effect
of income taxes from international operations
i5,041
i2,692
(i39)
State
and local taxes on income, net of U.S. federal income tax benefit
i508
i216
(i65)
Prior
year tax adjustments, claims and settlements 1
(i90)
i362
(i236)
Tax
credits
(i6)
(i173)
(i33)
Other
U.S. 1, 2
(i141)
(i801)
(i165)
Total
income tax expense (benefit)
$
i14,066
$
i5,950
$
(i1,892)
Effective
income tax rate 3
i28.3
%
i27.5
%
i25.4
%
1 Includes
one-time tax costs (benefits) associated with changes in uncertain tax positions.
2 Includes one-time tax costs (benefits) associated with changes in valuation allowances (2022 - $(i36); 2021 - $(i624);
2020 - $i0).
3The company’s effective tax rate is reflective of equity income reported on an after-tax basis as part of the “Total Income (Loss) Before Income Tax Expense,” in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. Chevron’s share of its equity affiliates’ total income tax expense in 2022 was $i2,281.
The
2022 increase in income tax expense of $i8,116 is a result of the year-over-year increase in total income before income tax expense, which is primarily due to higher upstream realizations and downstream margins. The company’s effective tax rate changed from i27.5
percent in 2021 to i28.3 percent in 2022. The change in effective tax rate is mainly due to mix effects resulting from the absolute level of earnings or losses and whether they arose in higher or lower tax rate jurisdictions.
The company records its deferred taxes on a tax-jurisdiction basis. iThe
reported deferred tax balances are composed of the following:
Deferred
tax liabilities increased by $i1,513 from year-end 2021, primarily driven by an increase to properties, plant and equipment. Deferred tax assets decreased by $i226
from year-end 2021. This decrease was primarily related to decreases in employee benefits and tax loss carryforwards for various locations, partially offset by the increase in foreign tax credits.
The overall valuation allowance relates to deferred tax assets for U.S. foreign tax credit carryforwards, tax loss carryforwards and temporary differences. The valuation allowance reduces the deferred tax assets to amounts that are, in management’s assessment, more likely than not to be realized. At the end of 2022, the company had gross tax loss carryforwards of approximately $i9,850
and tax credit carryforwards of approximately $i440, primarily related to various international tax jurisdictions. Whereas some of these tax loss carryforwards do not have an expiration date, others expire at various times from 2023 through 2041. U.S. foreign tax credit carryforwards of $i12,599
will expire between 2023 and 2033.
At
December 31, 2022 and 2021, deferred taxes were classified on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as follows:
At December 31
2022
2021
Deferred charges and other assets
$
(i4,505)
$
(i5,659)
Noncurrent
deferred income taxes
i17,131
i14,665
Total
deferred income taxes, net
$
i12,626
$
i9,006
/
Income
taxes, including U.S. state and foreign withholding taxes, are not accrued for unremitted earnings of international operations that have been or are intended to be reinvested indefinitely. The indefinite reinvestment assertion continues to apply for the purpose of determining deferred tax liabilities for U.S. state and foreign withholding tax purposes.
Undistributed earnings of international consolidated subsidiaries and affiliates for which no deferred income tax provision has been made for possible future remittances totaled approximately $i51,300
at December 31, 2022. This amount represents earnings reinvested as part of the company’s ongoing international business. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of state and foreign withholding taxes that might be payable on the possible remittance of earnings that are intended to be reinvested indefinitely. The company does not anticipate incurring significant additional taxes on remittances of earnings that are not indefinitely reinvested.
iUncertain
Income Tax PositionsThe company recognizes a tax benefit in the financial statements for an uncertain tax position only if management’s assessment is that the position is more likely than not (i.e., a likelihood greater than 50 percent) to be allowed by the tax jurisdiction based solely on the technical merits of the position. The term “tax position” in the accounting standards for income taxes refers to a position in a previously filed tax return or a position expected to be taken in a future tax return that is reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities for interim or annual periods.
i
The
following table indicates the changes to the company’s unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. The term “unrecognized tax benefits” in the accounting standards for income taxes refers to the differences between a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and the benefit measured and recognized in the financial statements. Interest and penalties are not included.
2022
2021
2020
Balance
at January 1
$
i5,288
$
i5,018
$
i4,987
Foreign
currency effects
(i2)
(i1)
i2
Additions
based on tax positions taken in current year
i30
i194
i253
Additions
for tax positions taken in prior years
i234
i218
i437
Reductions
for tax positions taken in prior years
(i117)
(i36)
(i216)
Settlements
with taxing authorities in current year
(i110)
(i18)
(i429)
Reductions
as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations
i—
(i87)
(i16)
Balance
at December 31
$
i5,323
$
i5,288
$
i5,018
/
Approximately
i80 percent of the $i5,323 of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31,
2022, would have an impact on the effective tax rate if subsequently recognized. Certain of these unrecognized tax benefits relate to tax carryforwards that may require a full valuation allowance at the time of any such recognition.
Tax positions for Chevron and its subsidiaries and affiliates are subject to income tax audits by many tax jurisdictions throughout the world. For the company’s major tax jurisdictions, examinations of tax returns for certain prior tax years had not been completed as of December 31, 2022. For these jurisdictions, the latest years for which income tax examinations had been finalized were as follows: United States – 2016, Nigeria – 2007, Australia – 2009, Kazakhstan – 2012
and Saudi Arabia – 2016.
The company engages in ongoing discussions with tax authorities regarding the resolution of tax matters in the various jurisdictions. Both the outcome of these tax matters and the timing of resolution and/or closure of the tax audits are highly uncertain. Of the amount of unrecognized tax benefits the company has identified as of December 31, 2022, it is reasonably possible that developments on tax matters in certain tax jurisdictions may result in decreases of approximately 20 percent within the next 12 months. Given the number of years that still remain subject to examination and the number of matters being examined in the various tax jurisdictions, the
company is unable to estimate the range of possible adjustments to the balance of unrecognized tax benefits beyond the next 12 months.
On the Consolidated Statement of Income, the company reports interest and penalties related to liabilities for uncertain tax positions as “Income Tax Expense (Benefit).” As of December 31, 2022, accrued expense of $i112 for anticipated interest
and penalties was included on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, compared with accrued benefit of $(i76) as of year-end 2021. Income tax expense (benefit) associated
with interest and penalties was $i152, $i19 and $(i124)
in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
i
Taxes Other Than on Income
Year
ended December 31
2022
2021
2020
United States
Import duties and other levies
$
i10
$
i7
$
i7
Property
and other miscellaneous taxes
i609
i552
i588
Payroll
taxes
i248
i302
i235
Taxes
on production
i989
i628
i317
Total
United States
i1,856
i1,489
i1,147
International
Import
duties and other levies
i63
i49
i39
Property
and other miscellaneous taxes
i1,789
i2,174
i1,461
Payroll
taxes
i122
i113
i117
Taxes
on production
i202
i138
i75
Total
International
i2,176
i2,474
i1,692
Total
taxes other than on income
$
i4,032
$
i3,963
$
i2,839
/
Note
18
i
Properties, Plant and Equipment1
i
At
December 31
Year ended December 31
Gross Investment at Cost
Net Investment
Additions at Cost2
Depreciation Expense3
2022
2021
2020
2022
2021
2020
2022
2021
2020
2022
2021
2020
Upstream
United
States
$
i96,590
$
i93,393
$
i96,555
$
i37,031
$
i36,027
$
i38,175
$
i6,461
$
i4,520
$
i13,067
$
i5,012
$
i5,675
$
i6,841
International
i188,556
i202,757
i209,846
i88,549
i94,770
i102,010
i2,599
i2,349
i11,069
i9,830
i10,824
i11,121
Total
Upstream
i285,146
i296,150
i306,401
i125,580
i130,797
i140,185
i9,060
i6,869
i24,136
i14,842
i16,499
i17,962
Downstream
United
States
i29,802
i26,888
i26,499
i12,827
i10,766
i11,101
i2,742
i543
i638
i913
i833
i851
International
i8,281
i8,134
i7,993
i3,226
i3,300
i3,395
i246
i234
i573
i311
i296
i283
Total
Downstream
i38,083
i35,022
i34,492
i16,053
i14,066
i14,496
i2,988
i777
i1,211
i1,224
i1,129
i1,134
All
Other
United States
i4,402
i4,729
i4,195
i1,931
i2,078
i1,916
i230
i143
i194
i247
i290
i403
International
i154
i144
i144
i27
i20
i21
i12
i7
i5
i6
i7
i9
Total
All Other
i4,556
i4,873
i4,339
i1,958
i2,098
i1,937
i242
i150
i199
i253
i297
i412
Total
United States
i130,794
i125,010
i127,249
i51,789
i48,871
i51,192
i9,433
i5,206
i13,899
i6,172
i6,798
i8,095
Total
International
i196,991
i211,035
i217,983
i91,802
i98,090
i105,426
i2,857
i2,590
i11,647
i10,147
i11,127
i11,413
Total
$
i327,785
$
i336,045
$
i345,232
$
i143,591
$
i146,961
$
i156,618
$
i12,290
$
i7,796
$
i25,546
$
i16,319
$
i17,925
$
i19,508
1Other
than the United States and Australia, no other country accounted for 10 percent or more of the company’s net properties, plant and equipment (PP&E) in 2022. Australia had PP&E of$i44,012, $i46,687
and $i48,374 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Gross Investment at Cost, Net Investment and Additions at Cost for 2020 each include $iii16,703//
associated with the Noble acquisition.
2Net of dry hole expense related to prior years’ expenditures of $i177, $i35 and $i709
in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
3Depreciation expense includes accretion expense of $i560, $i616 and $i560
in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and impairments and write-offs of $i950, $i414 and $i2,792
in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Redeemable
long-term obligations consist primarily of tax-exempt variable-rate put bonds that are included as current liabilities because they become redeemable at the option of the bondholders during the year following the balance sheet date.
The company may periodically enter into interest rate swaps on a portion of its short-term debt. At December 31, 2022, the company had no interest rate swaps on short-term debt.
At December 31, 2022, the company had $i8,495
in i364-day committed credit facilities with various major banks that enable the refinancing of short-term obligations on a long-term basis. The credit facilities allow the company to convert any amounts outstanding into a term loan for a period of up to one year. This supports commercial paper borrowing and can also be used for general corporate purposes. The company’s practice has been to continually replace expiring commitments with new commitments on substantially the same terms, maintaining
levels management believes appropriate. Any borrowings under the facility would be unsecured indebtedness at interest rates based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), or an average of base lending rates published by specified banks and on terms reflecting the company’s strong credit rating. iNo borrowings were outstanding under this facility at December 31, 2022.
/
The
company classified $i4,050 and $i7,759 of short-term debt as long-term at December 31, 2022 and
2021, respectively. Settlement of these obligations is not expected to require the use of working capital within one year, and the company has both the intent and the ability, as evidenced by committed credit facilities, to refinance them on a long-term basis.
Total
long-term debt including finance lease liabilities at December 31, 2022, was $i21,375. iThe
company’s long-term debt outstanding at year-end 2022 and 2021 was as follows:
At December 31
2022
2021
Weighted
Average Interest Rate (%)1
Range of Interest Rates (%)2
Principal
Principal
Notes due 2023
i1.282
i0.426
- i7.250
$
i1,800
$
i4,800
Floating
rate notes due 2023
i3.384
i3.121 - i3.821
i800
i800
Notes
due 2024
i3.291
i2.895 - i3.900
i1,650
i1,650
Notes
due 2025
i1.724
i0.687 - i3.326
i4,000
i4,000
Notes
due 2026
i2.954
i2,250
i2,250
Notes
due 2027
i2.379
i1.018 - i8.000
i2,000
i2,000
Notes
due 2028
i3.850
i600
i600
Notes
due 2029
i3.250
i500
i500
Notes
due 2030
i2.236
i1,500
i1,500
Debentures
due 2031
i8.625
i102
i102
Debentures
due 2032
i8.416
i8.000 - i8.625
i183
i183
Notes
due 2040
i2.978
i293
i293
Notes
due 2041
i6.000
i397
i397
Notes
due 2043
i5.250
i330
i330
Notes
due 2044
i5.050
i222
i222
Notes
due 2047
i4.950
i187
i187
Notes
due 2049
i4.200
i237
i237
Notes
due 2050
i2.763
i2.343 - i3.078
i1,750
i1,750
Debentures
due 2097
i7.250
i60
i60
Bank
loans due 2023
i5.206
i4.928 - i5.342
i91
i100
i3.400%
loan
i—
i211
Medium-term
notes, maturing from 2023 to 2038
i6.306
i4.283 - i7.900
i23
i23
Notes
due 2022
i—
i4,946
Total
including debt due within one year
i18,975
i27,141
Debt
due within one year
(i2,694)
(i4,946)
Fair
market value adjustment for debt acquired in the Noble acquisition
Chevron has an automatic shelf registration statement that expires in August 2023. This registration statement is for an unspecified amount of nonconvertible debt securities issued or guaranteed by Chevron Corporation or CUSA.
Long-term debt excluding finance lease liabilities with a principal balance of $i18,975
matures as follows: 2023 – $i2,694; 2024 – $i1,650;
2025 – $i4,000; 2026 – $i2,250; 2027 – $i2,000;
and after 2027 – $i6,381.
In addition to the $i4.9 billion in
long-term debt that matured in 2022, the company also early-redeemed $i3.0 billion in notes at face value that were scheduled to mature in the second quarter of 2023.
The company continues to capitalize exploratory well costs after the completion of drilling when the well has found a sufficient quantity of reserves to justify completion as a producing well, and the business unit is making sufficient progress assessing the reserves and the economic and operating viability of the project. If either condition is not met or if the company obtains information that raises substantial doubt about the economic or operational viability of the project, the exploratory well would be assumed to be impaired, and its costs, net of any salvage value, would be charged to expense.
The following table indicates the changes to the company’s suspended
exploratory well costs for the three years ended December 31, 2022:
2022
2021
2020
Beginning balance at January 1
$
i2,109
$
i2,512
$
i3,041
Additions
to capitalized exploratory well costs pending the determination of proved reserves
i72
i56
i28
Reclassifications
to wells, facilities and equipment based on the determination of proved reserves
(i481)
(i425)
(i102)
Capitalized
exploratory well costs charged to expense
(i73)
(i34)
(i667)
Other*
i—
i—
i212
Ending
balance at December 31
$
i1,627
$
i2,109
$
i2,512
*
2020 represents fair value of well costs acquired in the Noble acquisition.
/i
The following table provides an aging of capitalized well costs and the number of projects for which exploratory well costs have been capitalized for a period greater than one year since the completion of drilling.
At
December 31
2022
2021
2020
Exploratory well costs capitalized for a period of one year or less
$
i73
$
i65
$
i26
Exploratory
well costs capitalized for a period greater than one year
i1,554
i2,044
i2,486
Balance
at December 31
$
i1,627
$
i2,109
$
i2,512
Number
of projects with exploratory well costs that have been capitalized for a period greater than one year*
i12
i15
i17
*Certain
projects have multiple wells or fields or both.
/
Of the $i1,554 of exploratory well costs capitalized for more than one year at December 31, 2022, $i945
is related to iseven projects that had drilling activities underway or firmly planned for the near future. The $i609
balance is related to ifive projects in areas requiring a major capital expenditure before production could begin and for which additional drilling efforts were not underway or firmly planned for the near future. Additional drilling was not deemed necessary because the presence of hydrocarbons had already been established, and other activities were in process to enable a future decision on project development.
The
projects for the $i609 referenced above had the following activities associated with assessing the reserves and the projects’ economic viability: (a) $i194
(ithree projects) – undergoing front-end engineering and design with final investment decision expected within ifour
years; (b) $i415 (itwo
projects) – development alternatives under review. While progress was being made on all i12 projects, the decision on the recognition of proved reserves under SEC rules in some cases may not occur for several years because of the complexity, scale and negotiations associated with the projects. More than three-quarters of these decisions are expected to occur in the next ifive
years.
i
The $i1,554 of suspended well costs
capitalized for a period greater than one year as of December 31, 2022, represents i71 exploratory wells in i12
projects. The tables below contain the aging of these costs on a well and project basis:
Aging based on drilling completion date of individual wells:
Amount
Number of wells
2000-2009
$
i263
i14
2010-2014
i1,121
i49
2015-2021
i170
i8
Total
$
i1,554
i71
Aging
based on drilling completion date of last suspended well in project:
Amount
Number of projects
2008-2013
$
i428
i5
2014-2018
i1,083
i6
2019-2022
i43
i1
Total
$
i1,554
i12
/
Note
22
i
Stock Options and Other Share-Based Compensation
Compensation expense for stock options for 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $i60
($i46 after tax), $i60 ($i47
after tax) and $i94 ($i74 after tax), respectively. In addition, compensation expense for stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, performance shares and restricted stock units was $i1,013
($i770 after tax), $i701
($i554 after tax) and $i96
($i76 after tax) for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. No significant stock-based compensation cost was capitalized at December 31, 2022, or December 31, 2021.
Cash received in payment for option exercises under all share-based payment arrangements for 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $i5,835,
$i1,274 and $i226, respectively. Actual tax benefits realized for the tax deductions from option exercises were $i216,
$(i15) and $i8
for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Cash paid to settle performance shares, restricted stock units and stock appreciation rights was $i556, $i163
and $i95 for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
On May 25, 2022, stockholders approved the Chevron 2022 Long-Term Incentive Plan (2022 LTIP). Awards under the 2022 LTIP may take the form of, but are not limited to, stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance shares and non-stock grants. From May 2022 through May 2032, no more than i104
million shares may be issued under the 2022 LTIP. For awards issued on or after May 25, 2022, no more than i48 million of those shares may be issued in the form of full value awards such as share-settled restricted stock, share-settled restricted stock units and
other share-settled awards that do not require full payment in cash or property for shares underlying such awards by the award recipient. For the major types of awards issued before January 1, 2017, the contractual terms vary between ithree years for the performance shares and restricted stock units, and i10
years for the stock options and stock appreciation rights. For awards issued after January 1, 2017, contractual terms vary between ithree years for the performance shares and special restricted stock units, ifive
years for standard restricted stock units and i10 years for the stock options and stock appreciation rights. Commencing for grants issued in January 2023 and after, standard restricted stock units vest ratably on an annual basis over a ithree-year
period. Forfeitures of performance shares, restricted stock units, and stock appreciation rights are recognized as they occur. Forfeitures of stock options are estimated using historical forfeiture data dating back to 1990.
Noble Share-Based Plans (Noble Plans) When Chevron acquired Noble in October 2020, outstanding stock options granted under various Noble Plans were exchanged for Chevron options. These awards retained the same provisions as the original Noble Plans. Awards issued may be exercised for up to ifive
years after termination of employment, depending upon the termination type, or the original expiration date, whichever is earlier. Other awards issued under the Noble Plans included restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, and performance shares, which retained the same provisions as the original Noble Plans. Upon termination of employment due to change-in-control, all unvested awards issued under the Noble Plans, including stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and performance shares vested on the termination date. If not exercised, awards will expire between 2023 and 2029.
Fair Value and AssumptionsiThe
fair market values of stock options and stock appreciation rights granted in 2022, 2021 and 2020 were measured on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
Year ended December 31
2022
2021
2020
Expected
term in years1
i6.9
i6.8
i6.6
Volatility2
i31.3
%
i31.1
%
i20.8
%
Risk-free
interest rate based on zero coupon U.S. treasury note
i1.79
%
i0.71
%
i1.50
%
Dividend
yield
i5.0
%
i6.0
%
i4.0
%
Weighted-average
fair value per option granted
$
i23.56
$
i12.22
$
i13.00
1 Expected
term is based on historical exercise and post-vesting cancellation data.
2 Volatility rate is based on historical stock prices over an appropriate period, generally equal to the expected term.
i
A summary of option activity during 2022 is presented below:
The
total intrinsic value (i.e., the difference between the exercise price and the market price) of options exercised during 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $i2,369, $i152
and $i92, respectively. During this period, the company continued its practice of issuing treasury shares upon exercise of these awards.
As of December 31, 2022, there was $i78
of total unrecognized before-tax compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of i1.8 years.
At January 1, 2022, the number of LTIP performance shares outstanding was equivalent to i5,023,065
shares. During 2022, i1,552,624 performance shares were granted, i1,652,839
shares vested with cash proceeds distributed to recipients and i169,584 shares were forfeited. At December 31, 2022, there were i4,753,266
performance shares outstanding that are payable in cash. The fair value of the liability recorded for these instruments was $i996 and was measured largely using the Monte Carlo simulation method.
At January 1, 2022, the number of restricted stock units outstanding was equivalent to i4,386,637
shares. During 2022, i989,715 restricted stock units were granted, i979,382
units vested with cash proceeds distributed to recipients and i109,144 units were forfeited. At December 31, 2022, there were i4,287,826
restricted stock units outstanding that are payable in cash. The fair value of the liability recorded for the vested portion of these instruments was $i548, valued at the stock price as of December 31, 2022. In addition, outstanding stock appreciation rights that were granted under the LTIP totaled i686,573
equivalent shares as of December 31, 2022. The fair value of the liability recorded for the vested portion of these instruments was $i50.
Note 23
i
Employee
Benefit Plans
The company has defined benefit pension plans for many employees. The company typically prefunds defined benefit plans as required by local regulations or in certain situations where prefunding provides economic advantages. In the United States, all qualified plans are subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) minimum funding standard. The company does not typically fund U.S. nonqualified pension plans that are not subject to funding requirements under laws and regulations because contributions to these pension plans may be less economic and investment returns may be less attractive than the
company’s other investment alternatives.
The company also sponsors other postretirement benefit (OPEB) plans that provide medical and dental benefits, as well as life insurance for some active and qualifying retired employees. The plans are unfunded, and the company and retirees share the costs. For the company’s main U.S. medical plan, the increase to the pre-Medicare company contribution for retiree medical coverage is limited to no more than i4
percent each year. Certain life insurance benefits are paid by the company.
The company recognizes the overfunded or underfunded status of each of its defined benefit pension and OPEB plans as an asset or liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
The funded status of the company’s pension and OPEB plans for 2022
and 2021 follows:
Pension Benefits
2022
2021
Other
Benefits
U.S.
Int’l.
U.S.
Int’l.
2022
2021
Change in Benefit Obligation
Benefit
obligation at January 1
$
i12,966
$
i5,351
$
i15,166
$
i6,307
$
i2,489
$
i2,650
Service
cost
i432
i83
i450
i123
i43
i43
Interest
cost
i318
i137
i235
i137
i60
i53
Plan
participants’ contributions
i—
i3
i—
i3
i62
i43
Plan
amendments
i40
i38
i—
i—
i18
i—
Actuarial
(gain) loss
(i2,753)
(i1,559)
(i325)
(i364)
(i509)
(i108)
Foreign
currency exchange rate changes
i—
(i423)
i—
(i85)
(i5)
(i3)
Benefits
paid
(i1,290)
(i276)
(i2,560)
(i746)
(i220)
(i189)
Divestitures/Acquisitions
i—
i—
i—
i—
i—
i—
Curtailment
i—
i—
i—
(i24)
i—
i—
Benefit
obligation at December 31
i9,713
i3,354
i12,966
i5,351
i1,938
i2,489
Change
in Plan Assets
Fair value of plan assets at January 1
i9,919
i4,950
i9,930
i5,363
i—
i—
Actual
return on plan assets
(i1,851)
(i1,096)
i997
i166
i—
i—
Foreign
currency exchange rate changes
i—
(i453)
i—
(i35)
i—
i—
Employer
contributions
i1,164
i158
i1,552
i199
i158
i146
Plan
participants’ contributions
i—
i3
i—
i3
i62
i43
Benefits
paid
(i1,290)
(i276)
(i2,560)
(i746)
(i220)
(i189)
Fair
value of plan assets at December 31
i7,942
i3,286
i9,919
i4,950
i—
i—
Funded
status at December 31
$
(i1,771)
$
(i68)
$
(i3,047)
$
(i401)
$
(i1,938)
$
(i2,489)
/i
Amounts
recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet for the company’s pension and OPEB plans at December 31, 2022 and 2021, include:
Pension
Benefits
2022
2021
Other Benefits
U.S.
Int’l.
U.S.
Int’l.
2022
2021
Deferred
charges and other assets
$
i26
$
i759
$
i36
$
i696
$
i—
$
i—
Accrued
liabilities
(i210)
(i62)
(i303)
(i142)
(i152)
(i151)
Noncurrent
employee benefit plans
(i1,587)
(i765)
(i2,780)
(i955)
(i1,786)
(i2,338)
Net
amount recognized at December 31
$
(i1,771)
$
(i68)
$
(i3,047)
$
(i401)
$
(i1,938)
$
(i2,489)
/
For
the year ended December 31, 2022, the decrease in benefit obligations was primarily due to actuarial gains caused by higher discount rates used to value the obligations and benefit payments paid to retirees in 2022. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the decrease in benefit obligations was primarily due to actuarial gains caused by higher discount rates used to value the obligations and large benefit payments paid to retirees in 2021.
i
Amounts
recognized on a before-tax basis in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” for the company’s pension and OPEB plans were $i3,446 and $i4,979
at the end of 2022 and 2021, respectively. These amounts consisted of:
Pension
Benefits
2022
2021
Other Benefits
U.S.
Int’l.
U.S.
Int’l.
2022
2021
Net
actuarial loss
$
i3,147
$
i659
$
i4,007
$
i920
$
(i392)
$
i134
Prior
service (credit) costs
i40
i107
i2
i75
(i115)
(i159)
Total
recognized at December 31
$
i3,187
$
i766
$
i4,009
$
i995
$
(i507)
$
(i25)
/
The
accumulated benefit obligations for all U.S. and international pension plans were $i8,595 and $i3,084,
respectively, at December 31, 2022, and $i11,337 and $i4,976,
respectively, at December 31, 2021.
iInformation for U.S. and international pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets at December 31, 2022 and 2021, was:
The
components of net periodic benefit cost and amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for 2022, 2021 and 2020 are shown in the table below:
Pension
Benefits
2022
2021
2020
Other Benefits
U.S.
Int’l.
U.S.
Int’l.
U.S.
Int’l.
2022
2021
2020
Net
Periodic Benefit Cost
Service cost
$
i432
$
i83
$
i450
$
i123
$
i497
$
i130
$
i43
$
i43
$
i38
Interest
cost
i318
i137
i235
i137
i353
i175
i60
i53
i71
Expected
return on plan assets
(i624)
(i176)
(i596)
(i171)
(i650)
(i209)
i—
i—
i—
Amortization
of prior service costs (credits)
i2
i6
i2
i8
i2
i10
(i27)
(i27)
(i28)
Recognized
actuarial losses
i218
i15
i309
i46
i385
i45
i13
i16
i3
Settlement
losses
i363
(i6)
i672
i7
i620
i37
i—
i—
i—
Curtailment
losses (gains)
i—
(i5)
i—
(i1)
i92
i2
i—
i—
(i27)
Total
net periodic benefit cost
i709
i54
i1,072
i149
i1,299
i190
i89
i85
i57
Changes
Recognized in Comprehensive Income
Net actuarial (gain) loss during period
(i279)
(i257)
(i725)
(i408)
i1,584
i230
(i514)
(i111)
i190
Amortization
of actuarial loss
(i581)
(i5)
(i981)
(i73)
(i1,005)
(i98)
(i13)
(i15)
(i4)
Prior
service (credits) costs during period
i40
i38
i—
i—
i—
i—
i18
i—
i—
Amortization
of prior service (costs) credits
(i2)
(i6)
(i2)
(i11)
(i2)
(i17)
i27
i27
i42
Total
changes recognized in other comprehensive income
(i822)
(i230)
(i1,708)
(i492)
i577
i115
(i482)
(i99)
i228
Recognized
in Net Periodic Benefit Cost and Other Comprehensive Income
$
(i113)
$
(i176)
$
(i636)
$
(i343)
$
i1,876
$
i305
$
(i393)
$
(i14)
$
i285
/
AssumptionsiThe following weighted-average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations and net periodic benefit costs for years ended December 31:
Pension
Benefits
2022
2021
2020
Other Benefits
U.S.
Int’l.
U.S.
Int’l.
U.S.
Int’l.
2022
2021
2020
Assumptions
used to determine benefit obligations:
Discount rate
i5.2
%
i5.8
%
i2.8
%
i2.8
%
i2.4
%
i2.4
%
i5.3
%
i2.9
%
i2.6
%
Rate
of compensation increase
i4.5
%
i4.2
%
i4.5
%
i4.1
%
i4.5
%
i4.0
%
N/A
N/A
N/A
Assumptions
used to determine net periodic benefit cost:
Discount rate for service cost
i3.6
%
i2.8
%
i3.0
%
i2.4
%
i3.3
%
i3.2
%
i3.1
%
i3.0
%
i3.5
%
Discount
rate for interest cost
i2.8
%
i2.8
%
i1.9
%
i2.4
%
i2.6
%
i3.2
%
i2.4
%
i2.1
%
i3.0
%
Expected
return on plan assets
ii6.6/
%
i3.9
%
i6.5
%
i3.5
%
i6.5
%
i4.5
%
N/A
N/A
N/A
Rate
of compensation increase
i4.5
%
i4.1
%
i4.5
%
i4.0
%
i4.5
%
i4.0
%
N/A
N/A
N/A
Expected
Return on Plan AssetsThe company’s estimated long-term rates of return on pension assets are driven primarily by actual historical asset-class returns, an assessment of expected future performance, advice from external actuarial firms and the incorporation of specific asset-class risk factors. Asset allocations are periodically updated using pension plan asset/liability studies, and the company’s estimated long-term rates of return are consistent with these studies. For 2022, the company used an expected long-term rate of return of ii6.6/
percent for U.S. pension plan assets, which account for i67 percent of the company’s pension plan assets.
The market-related value of assets of the main U.S. pension plan used in the determination of pension expense was based on the market values in the ithree
months preceding the year-end measurement date. Management considers the ithree-month time period long enough to minimize the effects of distortions from day-to-day market volatility and still be contemporaneous to the end of the year. For other plans, market value of assets as of year-end is used in calculating the pension expense.
Discount Rate The discount rate assumptions used to determine the U.S. and international pension and OPEB plan obligations and expense reflect the rate at which benefits could be effectively settled, and are equal to the equivalent single rate resulting from yield curve analysis. This analysis considered the projected benefit payments specific to the company’s plans and the yields on high-quality
bonds. The projected cash flows were discounted to the valuation date using the yield curve for the main U.S. pension and OPEB plans. The effective discount rates derived from this analysis were i5.2 percent, i2.8
percent, and i2.4 percent for 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, for both the main U.S. pension and OPEB plans.
Other Benefit Assumptions For the measurement of accumulated postretirement benefit obligation at December 31, 2022, for the main U.S. OPEB plan, the assumed health care cost-trend rates start with i6.6
percent in 2023 and gradually decline to i4.5 percent for 2032 and beyond. For this measurement at December 31, 2021, the assumed health care cost-trend rates started with i6.2
percent in 2022 and gradually declined to i4.5 percent for 2031 and beyond.
Plan Assets and Investment Strategy
iThe
fair value measurements of the company’s pension plans for 2022 and 2021 are as follows:
2Collective Trusts/Mutual Funds for U.S. plans are entirely index funds; for International plans, they are mostly unit trust and index funds.
3Mixed funds are composed of funds that invest in both equity and fixed-income instruments in order to diversify and lower risk.
4The year-end valuations of the U.S. real estate assets are based on third-party appraisals that occur at least once a year for each property in the portfolio.
5The “Other” asset class includes net payables for securities purchased but not yet settled (Level 1); dividends and interest- and tax-related receivables (Level 2); insurance contracts
(Level 3); and investments in private-equity limited partnerships (NAV).
The
primary investment objectives of the pension plans are to achieve the highest rate of total return within prudent levels of risk and liquidity, to diversify and mitigate potential downside risk associated with the investments, and to provide adequate liquidity for benefit payments and portfolio management.
The company’s U.S. and U.K. pension plans comprise i94 percent of the total pension assets.
Both the U.S. and U.K. plans have an Investment Committee that regularly meets during the year to review the asset holdings and their returns. To assess the plans’ investment performance, long-term asset allocation policy benchmarks have been established.
For the primary U.S. pension plan, the company’s Investment Committee has established the following approved asset allocation ranges: Equities i35–i65
percent, Fixed Income i25–i45 percent, Real Estate i5–i25
percent, Alternative Investments i0–i5 percent and Cash i0–i15
percent. For the U.K. pension plan, the U.K. Board of Trustees has established the following asset allocation guidelines: Equities i5–i15
percent, Fixed Income i35–i45 percent, Real Estate i5–i15
percent, and Cash i0–i5 percent. The other significant international pension plans also
have established maximum and minimum asset allocation ranges that vary by plan. Actual asset allocation within approved ranges is based on a variety of factors, including market conditions and illiquidity constraints. To mitigate concentration and other risks, assets are invested across multiple asset classes with active investment managers and passive index funds.
The company does not prefund its OPEB obligations.
Cash Contributions and Benefit Payments In 2022, the company contributed $i1,164
and $i158 to its U.S. and international pension plans, respectively. In 2023, the company expects contributions to be approximately $i1,000
to its U.S. plans and $i100 to its international pension plans. Actual contribution amounts are dependent upon investment returns, changes in pension obligations, regulatory environments, tax law changes and other economic factors. Additional funding may ultimately be required if investment returns are insufficient to offset increases in plan obligations.
The company anticipates paying OPEB benefits
of approximately $i150 in 2023; $i158 was paid in 2022.
i
The
following benefit payments, which include estimated future service, are expected to be paid by the company in the next 10 years:
Pension Benefits
Other
U.S.
Int’l.
Benefits
2023
$
i903
$
i203
$
i152
2024
i846
i206
i150
2025
i854
i214
i148
2026
i850
i227
i146
2027
i840
i236
i145
2028-2031
i4,066
i1,306
i708
/
Employee
Savings Investment Plan Eligible employees of Chevron and certain of its subsidiaries participate in the Chevron Employee Savings Investment Plan (ESIP). Compensation expense for the ESIP totaled $i283, $i252
and $i281 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Benefit Plan Trusts Prior to its acquisition by Chevron, Texaco established a benefit plan trust for funding obligations under some of its benefit plans. At year-end 2022, the trust contained i14.2 million
shares of Chevron treasury stock. The trust will sell the shares or use the dividends from the shares to pay benefits only to the extent that the company does not pay such benefits. The company intends to continue to pay its obligations under the benefit plans. The trustee will vote the shares held in the trust as instructed by the trust’s beneficiaries. The shares held in the trust are not considered outstanding for earnings-per-share purposes until distributed or sold by the trust in payment of benefit obligations.
Prior to its acquisition by Chevron, Unocal established various grantor trusts to fund obligations under some of its benefit plans, including the deferred compensation and supplemental retirement plans. At December 31,
2022 and 2021, trust assets of $i35 and $i36,
respectively, were invested primarily in interest-earning accounts.
Employee Incentive Plans The Chevron Incentive Plan is an annual cash bonus plan for eligible employees that links awards to corporate, business unit and individual performance in the prior year. Charges to expense for cash bonuses were $i1,169, $i1,165
and $i462 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Chevron also has the LTIP for officers and other regular salaried employees of the company and its subsidiaries who hold positions of significant responsibility. Awards under the LTIP consist of stock options and other share-based compensation that are described in Note
22 Stock Options and Other Share-Based Compensation.
Note 24
iOther Contingencies and Commitments
Income TaxesThe
company calculates its income tax expense and liabilities quarterly. These liabilities generally are subject to audit and are not finalized with the individual taxing authorities until several years after the end of the annual period for which income taxes have been calculated. Refer to Note 17 Taxes for a discussion of the periods for which tax returns have been audited for the company’s major tax jurisdictions and a discussion for all tax jurisdictions of the differences between the amount of tax benefits recognized in the financial statements and the amount taken or expected to be taken in a tax return.
Settlement of open tax years, as well as other tax issues in countries where the
company conducts its businesses, are not expected to have a material effect on the consolidated financial position or liquidity of the company and, in the opinion of management, adequate provisions have been made for all years under examination or subject to future examination.
GuaranteesThe company has ione
guarantee to an equity affiliate totaling $i175. This guarantee is associated with certain payments under a terminal use agreement entered into by an equity affiliate. Over the approximate i5-year remaining term of this guarantee, the maximum guarantee
amount will be reduced as certain fees are paid by the affiliate. There are numerous cross-indemnity agreements with the affiliate and the other partners to permit recovery of amounts paid under the guarantee. Chevron has recorded no liability for this guarantee.
IndemnificationsThe company often includes standard indemnification provisions in its arrangements with its partners, suppliers and vendors in the ordinary course of business, the terms of which range in duration and sometimes are not limited. The company may be obligated to indemnify such parties for losses or claims suffered or incurred in connection with
its service or other claims made against such parties.
Long-Term Unconditional Purchase Obligations and Commitments, Including Throughput and Take-or-Pay AgreementsThe company and its subsidiaries have certain contingent liabilities with respect to long-term unconditional purchase obligations and commitments, including throughput and take-or-pay agreements, some of which may relate to suppliers’ financing arrangements. The agreements typically provide goods and services, such as pipeline and storage capacity, utilities, and petroleum products, to be used or sold in the ordinary course
of the company’s business. The aggregate amounts of required payments under throughput and take-or-pay agreements are: 2023 – $i897; 2024 – $i959;
2025 – $i941; 2026 – $i1,002; 2027 – $i1,053
; after 2027 – $i6,489. The aggregate amount of required payments for other unconditional purchase obligations are: 2023 – $i349;
2024 – $i425; 2025 – $i322; 2026 – $i358;
2027 – $i311; after 2027 – $i1,233. A portion of these commitments may ultimately be shared
with project partners. Total payments under the agreements were $i1,866 in 2022, $i861
in 2021 and $i514 in 2020.
Environmental The company is subject to loss contingencies pursuant to laws, regulations, private claims and legal proceedings
related to environmental matters that are subject to legal settlements or that in the future may require the company to take action to correct or ameliorate the effects on the environment of prior release of chemicals or petroleum substances by the company or other parties. Such contingencies may exist for various operating, closed and divested sites,
including, but not limited to, U.S. federal Superfund sites and analogous sites under state laws, refineries, chemical plants, marketing facilities, crude oil fields, and mining sites.
Although the company has provided for known environmental obligations that are probable and reasonably estimable, it is likely that the
company will continue to incur additional liabilities. The amount of additional future costs are not fully determinable due to such factors as the unknown magnitude of possible contamination, the unknown timing and extent of the corrective actions that may be required, the determination of the company’s liability in proportion to other responsible parties, and the extent to which such costs are recoverable from third parties. These future costs may be material to results of operations in the period in which they are recognized, but the company does not expect these costs will have a material effect on its consolidated financial position or liquidity.
Chevron’s environmental reserve as of December 31,
2022, was $i868. Included in this balance was $i218 related to remediation activities at approximately i143
sites for which the company had been identified as a potentially responsible party under the provisions of the U.S. federal Superfund law or analogous state laws which provide for joint and several liability for all responsible parties. Any future actions by regulatory agencies to require Chevron to assume other potentially responsible parties’ costs at designated hazardous waste sites are not expected to have a material effect on the company’s results of operations, consolidated financial position or liquidity.
Of the remaining year-end 2022 environmental reserves balance of $i650,
$i384 is related to the company’s U.S. downstream operations, $i44
to its international downstream operations, and $i222 to its upstream operations. Liabilities at all sites were primarily associated with the company’s plans and activities to remediate soil or groundwater contamination or both.
The company manages environmental liabilities under specific sets of regulatory requirements, which in the United States
include the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and various state and local regulations. No single remediation site at year-end 2022 had a recorded liability that was material to the company’s results of operations, consolidated financial position or liquidity.
Other ContingenciesChevron receives
claims from and submits claims to customers; trading partners; joint venture partners; U.S. federal, state and local regulatory bodies; governments; contractors; insurers; suppliers; and individuals. The amounts of these claims, individually and in the aggregate, may be significant and take lengthy periods to resolve, and may result in gains or losses in future periods.
The company and its affiliates also continue to review and analyze their operations and may close, retire, sell, exchange, acquire or restructure assets to achieve operational or strategic benefits and to improve competitiveness and profitability. These activities, individually or together, may result in significant gains or losses in future periods.
Note
25
i
Asset Retirement Obligations
The company records the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation (ARO) both as an asset and a liability when there is a legal obligation associated with the retirement of a tangible long-lived asset and the liability can be reasonably estimated. The legal obligation to perform the asset retirement activity is unconditional, even though uncertainty
may exist about the timing and/or method of settlement that may be beyond the company’s control. This uncertainty about the timing and/or method of settlement is factored into the measurement of the liability when sufficient information exists to reasonably estimate fair value. Recognition of the ARO includes: (1) the present value of a liability and offsetting asset, (2) the subsequent accretion of that liability and depreciation of the asset, and (3) the periodic review of the ARO liability estimates and discount rates.
AROs are primarily recorded for the company’s crude oil and natural gas producing assets. No significant AROs associated with any legal obligations to retire downstream long-lived assets have been recognized, as indeterminate settlement dates
for the asset retirements prevent estimation of the fair value of the associated ARO. The company performs periodic reviews of its downstream long-lived assets for any changes in facts and circumstances that might require recognition of a retirement obligation.
The following table indicates the changes to the company’s before-tax asset retirement obligations in 2022, 2021 and 2020:
2022
2021
2020
Balance
at January 1
$
i12,808
$
i13,616
$
i12,832
Liabilities
assumed in the Noble acquisition
i—
i—
i630
Liabilities
incurred
i9
i31
i10
Liabilities
settled
(i1,281)
(i1,887)
(i1,661)
Accretion
expense
i560
i616
i560
Revisions
in estimated cash flows
i605
i432
i1,245
Balance
at December 31
$
i12,701
$
i12,808
$
i13,616
/
In
the table above, the amount associated with “Revisions in estimated cash flows” in 2021 primarily reflects increased cost estimates and scope changes to decommission wells, equipment and facilities. The long-term portion of the $i12,701 balance at the end of 2022 was $i11,419.
Note
26
i
Revenue
Revenue from contracts with customers is presented in “Sales and other operating revenues” along with some activity that is accounted for outside the scope of Accounting Standard Codification (ASC) 606, which is not material to this line, on the Consolidated Statement of Income. Purchases and sales of inventory with the same counterparty that are entered into in contemplation of one another (including buy/sell arrangements)
are combined and recorded on a net basis and reported in “Purchased crude oil and products” on the Consolidated Statement of Income. Refer to Note 14 Operating Segments and Geographic Data for additional information on the company’s segmentation of revenue.
Receivables related to revenue from contracts with customers are included in “Accounts and notes receivable, net” on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, net of the allowance for doubtful accounts. The net balance of these receivables was $i14,219
and $i12,877 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Other items included in “Accounts and notes receivable, net” represent amounts due from partners for their share of joint venture operating and project costs and amounts due from others, primarily related to derivatives, leases, buy/sell arrangements and product exchanges, which are accounted for outside the scope of ASC 606.
Contract
assets and related costs are reflected in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” and contract liabilities are reflected in “Accrued liabilities” and “Deferred credits and other noncurrent obligations” on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Amounts for these items are not material to the company’s financial position.
/
Note 27
i
Other
Financial Information
Earnings in 2022 included after-tax gains of approximately $i390 relating to the sale of certain properties. Of this amount, approximately $i90 and $i300
related to downstream and upstream, respectively. Earnings in 2021 included after-tax gains of approximately $i785 relating to the sale of certain properties, of which approximately $i30 and $i755
related to downstream and upstream assets, respectively. Earnings in 2020 included after-tax gains of approximately $i765 relating to the sale of certain properties, of which approximately $i30 and $i735
related to downstream and upstream assets, respectively.
Earnings in 2022 included after-tax charges of approximately $i1,075 for impairments and other asset write-offs and $i600
for an early contract termination in upstream, and $i271 for pension settlement costs. Earnings in 2021 included after-tax charges of approximately $i519 for pension settlement costs, $i260
for early retirement of debt, $i120 relating to upstream remediation and $i110 relating to downstream legal reserves. Earnings in 2020 included after-tax charges
of approximately $i4,800 for impairments and other asset write-offs related to upstream.
Excess
of replacement cost over the carrying value of inventories (LIFO method)
$
i9,061
$
i5,588
$
i2,749
LIFO
profits (losses) on inventory drawdowns included in earnings
$
i122
$
i35
$
(i147)
Foreign
currency effects*
$
i669
$
i306
$
(i645)
* Includes
$i253, $i180 and $(i152)
in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for the company’s share of equity affiliates’ foreign currency effects.
/
The company has $i4,722 in goodwill on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, of which $i4,370
is in the upstream segment primarily related to the 2005 acquisition of Unocal and $i352 is in the downstream segment. The company tested this goodwill for impairment during 2022, and ino
impairment was required.
Note 28
i
Financial Instruments - Credit Losses
Chevron’s expected credit loss allowance balance was $i1.0
billion as of December 31, 2022 and $i745 million as of December 31, 2021, with a majority of the allowance relating to non-trade receivable balances.
The majority of the company’s receivable balance is concentrated in trade receivables, with a balance of $i18.2 billion
as of December 31, 2022, which reflects the company’s diversified sources of revenues and is dispersed across the company’s broad worldwide customer base. As a result, the company believes the concentration of credit risk is limited. The company routinely assesses the financial strength of its customers. When the financial strength of a customer is not considered sufficient, alternative risk mitigation measures may be deployed, including requiring prepayments, letters of credit or other acceptable forms of collateral. Once credit is extended and a receivable balance exists, the
company applies a quantitative calculation to current trade receivable balances that reflects credit risk predictive analysis, including probability of default and loss given default, which takes into consideration current and forward-looking market data as well as the company’s historical loss data. This statistical approach becomes the basis of the company’s expected credit loss allowance for current trade receivables with payment terms that are typically short-term in nature, with most due in less than 90 days.
Chevron’s non-trade receivable balance was $i4.3 billion
as of December 31, 2022, which includes receivables from certain governments in their capacity as joint venture partners. Joint venture partner balances that are paid as per contract terms or not yet due are subject to the statistical analysis described above while past due balances are subject to additional qualitative management quarterly review. This management review includes review of reasonable and supportable repayment forecasts. Non-trade receivables also include employee and tax receivables that are deemed immaterial and low risk. Loans to equity affiliates and non-equity investees are also considered non-trade and associated allowances of $ii560/
million are included within “Investments and Advances” on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at both December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
/
Note 29
i
Acquisition
of Renewable Energy Group, Inc.
On June 13, 2022, the company acquired Renewable Energy Group, Inc. (REG), an independent company focused on converting natural fats, oils and greases into advanced biofuels. REG utilizes a global integrated production, procurement, distribution and logistics network to operate 11 biorefineries in the U.S. and Europe. Ten biorefineries produce biodiesel and one produces renewable diesel. The acquisition combines REG’s growing renewable fuels production and leading feedstock capabilities with Chevron’s large manufacturing, distribution and commercial marketing position.
Chevron acquired outstanding shares of REG in an all-cash transaction valued at $i3.15 billion,
or $i61.50 per share. As part of the transaction, the company recognized long-term debt and finance leases with a fair value of $i590
million.
The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination under ASC 805, which requires assets acquired and liabilities assumed to be measured at their acquisition date fair values. Provisional fair value measurements were made for acquired assets and liabilities, and adjustments to those measurements may be made in subsequent periods, up to one year from the acquisition date, as information necessary to complete the analysis is obtained. Tangible and intangible assets were valued using a combination of replacement cost approach and discounted cash flows that incorporated internally generated price assumptions and production profiles together with appropriate operating and capital cost assumptions. Debt assumed in the
acquisition was valued based on observable market prices for REG’s debt. As a result of measuring the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at fair value, the company recognized $i293
million of goodwill.
i
The following table summarizes the values assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
In accordance with FASB and SEC disclosure requirements for oil and gas producing activities, this section provides supplemental information on oil and gas exploration and producing activities of the company in seven separate tables. Tables I through IV provide historical cost information pertaining to costs incurred in exploration, property acquisitions and development; capitalized costs; and results of operations. Tables V through VII present information on the company’s estimated net proved reserve quantities, standardized measure of estimated discounted future net cash flows related to
Table
I - Costs Incurred in Exploration, Property Acquisitions and Development1
Includes
costs incurred whether capitalized or expensed. Excludes general support equipment expenditures. Includes capitalized amounts related to asset retirement obligations. See Note 25 Asset Retirement Obligations.
2
Includes wells, equipment and facilities associated with proved reserves. Does not include properties acquired in nonmonetary transactions.
3
Includes $186, $298 and $897 of costs incurred on major capital projects prior to assignment of proved reserves for consolidated companies in 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.
4
Reconciliation
of consolidated companies total cost incurred to Upstream Capex - $ billions:
2022
2021
2020
Total cost incurred by Consolidated Companies
$
9.8
$
7.4
$
23.5
Noble
acquisition
—
—
(14.9)
Expensed exploration costs
(0.5)
(0.4)
(0.5)
(Geological and geophysical and other exploration costs)
Non-oil and gas activities
0.6
0.2
—
(Primarily
LNG and transportation activities)
ARO reduction/(build)
(0.3)
(0.4)
(0.8)
Upstream Capex
$
9.6
$
6.8
$
7.5
Reference
page 46 Upstream Capex
99
Supplemental Information on Oil and Gas Producing Activities - Unaudited
proved
reserves,and changes in estimated discounted future net cash flows. The amounts for consolidated companies are organized by geographic areas including the United States, Other Americas, Africa, Asia, Australia/Oceania and Europe. Amounts for affiliated companies include Chevron’s equity interests in Tengizchevroil (TCO) in the Republic of Kazakhstan and in other affiliates, principally in Venezuela and Angola. Refer to Note 15 Investments and Advances for a discussion of the company’s major equity affiliates.
Table
II - Capitalized Costs Related to Oil and Gas Producing Activities
Table III - Results of Operations for Oil and Gas Producing Activities1
The company’s results of operations from oil and gas producing activities for the years 2022, 2021 and 2020 are shown in the following table. Net income (loss) from exploration and production activities as reported on page 76 reflects income taxes computed on an effective rate basis.
Income taxes in Table III are based on statutory
tax rates, reflecting allowable deductions and tax credits. Interest income and expense are excluded from the results reported in Table III and from the upstream net income amounts on page 76.
1The
value of owned production consumed in operations as fuel has been eliminated from revenues and production expenses, and the related volumes have been deducted from net production in calculating the unit average sales price and production cost. This has no effect on the results of producing operations.
1The
value of owned production consumed in operations as fuel has been eliminated from revenues and production expenses, and the related volumes have been deducted from net production in calculating the unit average sales price and production cost. This has no effect on the results of producing operations.
1The value of owned production consumed in operations as fuel has been eliminated from
revenues and production expenses, and the related volumes have been deducted from net production in calculating the unit average sales price and production cost. This has no effect on the results of producing operations.
2Natural gas converted to oil-equivalent gas (OEG) barrels at a rate of 6 MCF = 1 OEG barrel.
32020 unit prices have been conformed to current presentation. Crude and NGL realizations were previously combined and disclosed as liquids.
102
Supplemental
Information on Oil and Gas Producing Activities - Unaudited
*
Reserve quantities include natural gas projected to be consumed in operations of 2,737, 2,505 and 2,490 billions of cubic feet and equivalent synthetic oil projected to be consumed in operations of 28, 17 and 21 millions of barrels as of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Reserves Governance The company has adopted a comprehensive reserves and resources classification system modeled after a system developed and approved by a number of organizations, including the Society of Petroleum Engineers, the World Petroleum Congress and the American Association of Petroleum Geologists. The
company classifies discovered recoverable hydrocarbons into six categories based on their status at the time of reporting – three deemed commercial and three potentially recoverable. Within the commercial classification are proved reserves and two categories of unproved reserves: probable and possible. The potentially recoverable categories are also referred to as contingent resources. For reserves estimates to be classified as proved, they must meet all SEC and company standards.
Proved oil and gas reserves are the estimated quantities that geoscience and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be economically producible in the future from known reservoirs under existing economic conditions, operating methods and government regulations. Net proved reserves exclude royalties and interests owned by others and reflect contractual arrangements and royalty obligations in effect at the time of the estimate.
Proved
reserves are classified as either developed or undeveloped. Proved developed reserves are the quantities expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods, or in which the cost of the required equipment is relatively minor compared to the cost of a new well. Proved undeveloped reserves are the quantities expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion.
Due to the inherent uncertainties and the limited nature of reservoir data, estimates of reserves are subject to change as additional information becomes available.
103
Supplemental
Information on Oil and Gas Producing Activities - Unaudited
Proved reserves are estimated by company asset teams composed of earth scientists and engineers. As part of the internal control process related to reserves estimation, the company maintains a Reserves Advisory Committee (RAC) that is chaired by the Manager of Global Reserves, an organization that is separate from the business units that estimate reserves. The Manager of Global Reserves has more than 30 years of experience working in the oil and gas industry and holds both undergraduate and graduate
degrees in geoscience. His experience includes various technical and management roles in providing reserve and resource estimates in support of major capital and exploration projects, and more than 10 years of overseeing oil and gas reserves processes. He has been named a Distinguished Lecturer by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists and is an active member of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, the SEPM Society of Sedimentary Geologists and the Society of Petroleum Engineers.
All RAC members are degreed professionals, each with more than 10 years of experience in various aspects of reserves estimation relating to reservoir engineering, petroleum engineering, earth science or finance. The members are knowledgeable in SEC guidelines for proved reserves classification and receive annual training on the preparation of reserves estimates.
The RAC has the following
primary responsibilities: establish the policies and processes used within the business units to estimate reserves; provide independent reviews and oversight of the business units’ recommended reserves estimates and changes; confirm that proved reserves are recognized in accordance with SEC guidelines; determine that reserve quantities are calculated using consistent and appropriate standards, procedures and technology; and maintain the Chevron Corporation Reserves Manual, which provides standardized procedures used corporatewide for classifying and reporting hydrocarbon reserves.
During the year, the RAC is represented in meetings with each of the company’s business units to review and discuss reserve changes recommended by the various asset teams. Major changes are also
reviewed with the company’s senior leadership team including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer. The company’s annual reserve activity is also reviewed with the Board of Directors. If major changes to reserves were to occur between the annual reviews, those matters would also be discussed with the Board.
RAC subteams also conduct in-depth reviews during the year of many of the fields that have large proved reserves quantities. These reviews include an examination of the proved reserve records and documentation of their compliance with the Chevron Corporation Reserves Manual.
Technologies Used in Establishing Proved Reserves Additions In
2022, additions to Chevron’s proved reserves were based on a wide range of geologic and engineering technologies. Information generated from wells, such as well logs, wire line sampling, production and pressure testing, fluid analysis, and core analysis, was integrated with seismic data, regional geologic studies, and information from analogous reservoirs to provide “reasonably certain” proved reserves estimates. Both proprietary and commercially available analytic tools, including reservoir simulation, geologic modeling and seismic processing, have been used in the interpretation of the subsurface data. These technologies have been utilized extensively by the company in the past, and the company believes that they provide a high degree of confidence in establishing reliable and consistent reserves
estimates.
Proved Undeveloped Reserves
Noteworthy changes in proved undeveloped reserves are shown in the table below and discussed on the following page.
Proved Undeveloped Reserves (Millions of BOE)
2022
Quantity at January 1
3,860
Revisions
6
Improved
recovery
15
Extension and discoveries
632
Purchases
61
Sales
(10)
Transfers to proved developed
(657)
Quantity at December 31
3,907
In 2022, revisions
include an increase of 257 million BOE in Israel, due to new wells and performance revisions in the Leviathan and Tamar fields. This increase was largely offset by decreases of 145 million BOE from the United States primarily from portfolio optimizations in the Midland and Delaware basins, 69 million BOE in Kazakhstan primarily at TCO as higher prices reduced entitlement (Entitlement effects) and changes in operating assumptions reduced estimated
104
Supplemental Information on Oil and Gas Producing Activities - Unaudited
undeveloped reserves, and 31 million BOE in Nigeria due to lower expected offtake of natural gas relative to contracted volumes.
In 2022, extensions and discoveries of 578 million BOE in the United States were primarily due to the increase of activity and planned development of new locations in shale and tight assets in the Midland, Delaware and DJ basins. In Other Americas, 34 million BOE of extensions and discoveries were from shale and tight assets in Argentina and Canada.
The difference in 2022 extensions and discoveries of 122 million BOE, between the net quantities of proved reserves of 754 million BOE as reflected on pages 107 to 109 and net quantities of proved undeveloped reserves of 632 million BOE, is primarily
due to proved extensions and discoveries that were not recognized as proved undeveloped reserves in the prior year and were recognized directly as proved developed reserves in 2022.
Purchases of 61 million BOE in 2022 are primarily from the acquisition of various properties in the Midland and Delaware basins in the United States.
Transfers to proved developed reserves in 2022 include 309 million BOE in the United States, primarily from the Midland, Delaware and DJ basin developments, 207 million BOE in Australia, and 141 million BOE in Kazakhstan, Angola, Canada, Argentina and other international locations. These transfers are the consequence of development expenditures on completing wells and facilities.
During 2022, investments totaling approximately $7.5billion in oil and gas producing
activities and about $0.1 billion in non-oil and gas producing activities were expended to advance the development of proved undeveloped reserves. The United States accounted for about $3.7 billion primarily related to various development activities in the Midland and Delaware basins and the Gulf of Mexico. In Asia, expenditures during the year totaled approximately $2.6 billion, primarily related to development projects for TCO in Kazakhstan. An additional $0.2 billion were spent on development activities in Australia. In Africa, about $0.5 billion was expended on various offshore development and natural gas projects in Nigeria, Angola and Republic of Congo. Development activities in Canada and other international locations were primarily responsible for about $0.5 billion of expenditures.
Reserves that remain proved undeveloped for five or more years are a result of several factors that affect optimal project development
and execution. These factors may include the complex nature of the development project in adverse and remote locations, physical limitations of infrastructure or plant capacities that dictate project timing, compression projects that are pending reservoir pressure declines, and contractual limitations that dictate production levels.
At year-end 2022, the company held approximately 1.3 billion BOE of proved undeveloped reserves that have remained undeveloped for five years or more. The majority of these reserves are in locations where the company has a proven track record of developing major projects. In Australia, approximately 235 million BOE remain undeveloped for five years or more related to the Gorgon and Wheatstone Projects. Further field development to
convert the remaining proved undeveloped reserves is scheduled to occur in line with operating constraints, reservoir depletion and infrastructure optimization. In Africa, approximately 167 million BOE have remained undeveloped for five years or more, primarily due to facility constraints at various fields and infrastructure associated with the Escravos gas projects in Nigeria. Affiliates account for about 776 million BOE of proved undeveloped reserves with about 726 million BOE that have remained undeveloped for five years or more. Approximately 647 million BOE are related to TCO in Kazakhstan and about 79 million BOE are related to Angola LNG. At TCO and Angola LNG, further field development to convert the remaining proved undeveloped reserves is scheduled to occur in line with reservoir depletion and facility constraints.
Annually, the company
assesses whether any changes have occurred in facts or circumstances, such as changes to development plans, regulations, or government policies, that would warrant a revision to reserve estimates. In 2022, improvements in commodity prices positively impacted the economic limits of oil and gas properties, resulting in proved reserve increases, and negatively impacted proved reserves due to entitlement effects. The year-end reserves quantities have been updated for these circumstances and significant changes have been discussed in the appropriate reserves sections. Over the past three years, the ratio of proved undeveloped reserves to total proved reserves has ranged between 31 percent and 35 percent.
Proved Reserve Quantities For the three years ending December 31, 2022, the pattern of net reserve changes shown in the following tables are not necessarily
indicative of future trends. Apart from acquisitions, the company’s ability to add proved reserves can be affected by events and circumstances that are outside the company’s control, such as delays in government permitting, partner approvals of development plans, changes in oil and gas prices, OPEC constraints, geopolitical uncertainties, and civil unrest.
105
Supplemental Information on Oil
and Gas Producing Activities - Unaudited
At December 31, 2022, proved reserves for the company were 11.2 billion BOE. The company’s estimated net proved reserves of liquids, including crude oil, condensate and synthetic oil for the years 2020, 2021 and 2022, are shown in the table on page 107. The company’s estimated net proved reserves of natural
gas liquids are shown on page 108, and the company’s estimated net proved reserves of natural gas are shown on page 109.
Noteworthy changes in crude oil, condensate and synthetic oil proved reserves for 2020 through 2022 are discussed below and shown in the table on the following page:
Revisions In 2020, capital reductions and commodity price effects in the Midland and Delaware basins and Anchor in the Gulf of Mexico were primarily responsible for the 279 million barrels decrease in the United States. Reserves in Venezuela affiliates decreased by 149 million barrels, primarily due to impairments and accounting methodology change. Entitlement effects and performance
revisions in TCO were primarily responsible for the 180 million barrels increase. Entitlement effects primarily contributed to an increase of 77 million barrels of synthetic oil at the Athabasca Oil Sands in Canada and 74 million barrels at multiple locations in Asia.
In 2021, the 206 million barrels increase in United States was primarily in the Gulf of Mexico and the Midland and Delaware basins. The higher commodity price environment led to the increase of 126 million barrels in the Gulf of Mexico primarily from Anchor and a 68 million barrels increase in the Midland and Delaware basins due to higher planned development activity.In TCO, entitlement effects and technical changes in field operating assumptions, reservoir model, and project schedule were primarily responsible for the 208 million barrels decrease in Kazakhstan. Entitlement effects primarily contributed to a decrease
of 106 million barrels of synthetic oil at the Athabasca Oil Sands project in Canada. In the Other Americas, performance revisions and price effects, mainly in Canada and Argentina, were primarily responsible for the 41 million barrels increase.
In 2022, entitlement effects primarily contributed to a decrease of 49 million barrels of synthetic oil at the Athabasca Oil Sands project in Canada. In TCO, entitlement effects and changes in operating assumptions were primarily responsible for the 35 million barrels decrease in Kazakhstan.
Extensions and Discoveries In 2020, extensions and discoveries in the Midland and Delaware basins were primarily responsible for the 105 million barrels increase in the United States.
In 2021, extensions and discoveries in the Midland and Delaware basins, and at the Whale Project in
the Gulf of Mexico, were primarily responsible for the 349 million barrels increase in the United States.
In 2022, extensions and discoveries in the Midland, Delaware and DJ basins, and approval of the Ballymore Project in the Gulf of Mexico, were primarily responsible for the 264 million barrels increase in the United States. In Other Americas, the 32 million barrels of extensions and discoveries were from Argentina and Canada.
Purchases In 2020, the acquisition of Noble assets contributed 227 million barrels in the DJ basin, Midland and Delaware basins in the United States.
In 2022, the company exercised its option to acquire additional land acreage in the Athabasca Oil Sands project in Canada contributing 168 million barrels
in synthetic oil. The extension of deepwater licenses in Nigeria and the Republic of Congo contributed 36 million barrels in Africa.
Sales In 2020, sales of 99 million barrels in Asia were in Azerbaijan.
In 2021, sales of 32 million barrels in the United States were in the Midland and Delaware basins.
106
Supplemental Information on Oil and Gas Producing Activities - Unaudited
1Ending
reserve balances in North America were 185, 183 and 166 and in South America were 110, 105 and 94 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
2Reserves associated with Canada.
3Reserves associated with Africa.
4Included are year-end reserve quantities related to production-sharing contracts (PSC) (refer to page E-8 for the definition of a PSC). PSC-related reserve quantities are 6 percent, 7 percent and 9 percent for consolidated companies for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
5Reserve quantities include synthetic oil projected to be consumed in operations of 28, 17 and 21 millions of barrels as of December
31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Noteworthy changes in natural gas liquids proved reserves for 2020 through 2022 are discussed below and shown in the table on the following page:
Revisions In 2020, capital reductions and commodity price effects in various fields in Midland and Delaware basins were primarily responsible for the 71 million barrels decrease in the United States.
In 2021, higher commodity prices resulting in the increase of planned development activity in the Midland and Delaware basins were primarily responsible for the 107 million barrels increase
in the United States.
Extensions and Discoveries In 2020, extensions and discoveries in various fields in Midland and Delaware basins were primarily responsible for the 60 million barrels increase in the United States.
In 2021, extensions and discoveries in the Midland and Delaware basins were primarily responsible for the 190 million barrels increase in the United States.
In 2022, extensions and discoveries in the Midland and Delaware basins were primarily responsible for the 163 million barrels increase in the United States.
Purchases In 2020, the acquisition of Noble assets contributed 198 million barrels primarily in the DJ basin, Midland and Delaware basins and Eagle Ford shale in the United States.
Sales
In 2022, sales of 35 million barrels in the United States were primarily from the divestment of the Eagle Ford shale assets and some properties in the Midland and Delaware basins.
107
Supplemental Information on Oil and Gas Producing Activities - Unaudited
3Year-end reserve quantities related to PSC are not material for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Noteworthy changes in natural gas proved reserves for 2020 through 2022 are discussed below and shown in the table on the following page:
Revisions In 2020, the demotion of Jansz Io compression project reserves and lower field performance, partially offset by positive revisions at Gorgon, were mainly responsible for the net 2.5 TCF decrease in Australia. Capital reductions and commodity price effects in various fields of the Midland and Delaware basins were mainly responsible for the 509 BCF decrease in the United States. In Africa, a 229 BCF decrease was primarily
due to reduced demand and development plan changes at Meren in Nigeria.
In 2021, the approval of the Jansz Io Compression project was mainly responsible for the 1.2 TCF increase in Australia. Higher commodity prices, resulting in the increase of planned development activity in the Midland and Delaware basins, were mainly responsible for the 829 BCF increase in the United States. In TCO, entitlement effects and technical changes in field operating assumptions, reservoir model, and project schedule were primarily responsible for the 179 BCF decrease.
In 2022, the performance of the Leviathan and Tamar fields in Israel and the Bibiyana and Jalalabad fields in Bangladesh were mainly responsible for the 1.8 TCF increase in Asia. In Australia, the 377 BCF decrease was mainly due to updated reservoir characterization of the Wheatstone field. In TCO, entitlement effects and changes in
operating assumptions were primarily responsible for the 285 BCF decrease.
Extensions and Discoveries In 2020, extensions and discoveries of 385 BCF in the United States were primarily in the Midland and Delaware basins.
In 2021, extensions and discoveries of 1.4 TCF in the United States were primarily in the Midland and Delaware basins.
In 2022, extensions and discoveries of 1.6 TCF in the United States were primarily in the Midland and Delaware basins.
108
Supplemental
Information on Oil and Gas Producing Activities - Unaudited
Purchases In 2020, the acquisition of Noble assets contributed 5.4 TCF in Israel in Asia, 1.5 TCF in the DJ basin, Midland and Delaware basins and Eagle Ford Shale in the United States and 441 BCF in Equatorial Guinea in Africa.
Sales In 2020, sales of 1.3 TCF were primarily in the Appalachian basin in the United States and 264 BCF primarily in Azerbaijan in Asia.
In 2022, sales of 243 BCF in the United States were primarily in the Eagle Ford
shale and Midland and Delaware basins.
1Ending
reserve balances in North America and South America were 407, 347 and 234 and 138, 108 and 95 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
2Reserves associated with Africa.
3Total “as sold” volumes are 2,600, 2,599 and 2,447 for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
4Includes reserve quantities related to PSC. PSC-related reserve quantities are 8 percent, 8 percent and 10 percent for consolidated companies for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
5Reserve quantities include natural gas projected to be consumed in operations of 2,737, 2,505 and 2,490 billions of cubic feet as of December 31, 2022, 2021
and 2020, respectively.
109
Supplemental Information on Oil and Gas Producing Activities - Unaudited
Table
VI - Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Related to Proved Oil and Gas Reserves
The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows is calculated in accordance with SEC and FASB requirements. This includes using the average of first-day-of-the-month oil and gas prices for the 12-month period prior to the end of the reporting period, estimated future development and production costs assuming the continuation of existing economic conditions, estimated costs for asset retirement obligations (includes costs to retire existing wells and facilities in addition to those future wells and facilities necessary to produce proved undeveloped reserves), and estimated future income taxes based on appropriate statutory tax rates. Discounted future net cash flows are calculated using 10 percent mid-period discount factors. Estimates of proved reserve quantities are imprecise and change over time as new information
becomes available. Probable and possible reserves, which may become proved in the future, are excluded from the calculations. The valuation requires assumptions as to the timing and amount of future development and production costs. The calculations are made as of December 31 each year and do not represent management’s estimate of the company’s future cash flows or value of its oil and gas reserves. In the following table, the caption “Standardized Measure Net Cash Flows” refers to the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows.
Table VII - Changes in the Standardized Measureof Discounted Future Net Cash Flows From Proved Reserves
The changes in present values between years, which can be significant, reflect changes in estimated proved reserve quantities and prices and assumptions used in forecasting production volumes and costs. Changes in the timing of production are included with “Revisions of previous quantity estimates.”
Pursuant to Item 601(b)(4) of Regulation S-K, certain instruments with respect to the company’s long-term debt are not filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K. A copy of any such instrument will be furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.
115
Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on the 23rd day of February, 2023.
Michael
K. Wirth, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities indicated on the 23rd day of February, 2023.