SEC Info  
    Home      Search      My Interests      Help      Sign In      Please Sign In

FMS Wertmanagement – ‘424B1’ on 11/16/12

On:  Friday, 11/16/12, at 12:34pm ET   ·   Accession #:  1193125-12-473722   ·   File #:  333-184318

Find Words in Filings emoji
 
  in    Show  and   Hints

  As Of                Filer                Filing    For·On·As Docs:Size              Issuer               Agent

11/16/12  FMS Wertmanagement                424B1                  1:3.6M                                   RR Donnelley/FA

Prospectus   —   Rule 424(b)(1)
Filing Table of Contents

Document/Exhibit                   Description                      Pages   Size 

 1: 424B1       $2,000,000,000 1.00% Notes Due 2017                 HTML   2.38M 


Document Table of Contents

Page (sequential) | (alphabetic) Top
 
11st Page   -   Filing Submission
"Table of Contents
"Additional Information
"Prospectus Summary
"Recent Developments
"Fms-Wm
"The Federal Republic of Germany
"Use of Proceeds
"Presentation of Financial Information
"Exchange Rate Information
"Capitalization and Indebtedness
"Overview
"Creation and Legal Status
"Relationship with the Federal Republic of Germany
"Business and Operations
"Selected Financial Information
"Economic Conditions and Market Developments
"Economic Developments in Key Regions
"Real Estate Markets
"Infrastructure Markets
"Financial Institutions and Covered Bonds
"Public Sector
"ABS Markets
"Financial Report -- Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations
"Net Assets
"Financial Position
"Results of Operations
"Overall Appraisal
"Risk Report
"Basics of Risk Management
"Organizational Structure of Risk Management
"Principles of Risk Management
"Counterparty Default Risks
"Watchlist and Problem Assets
"Market Risks
"Liquidity Risks
"Operational Risks
"Other Risks
"Assessment of the Overall Exposure and Outlook
"Internal Control / Risk Management System Relevant to the Financial Reporting Process (Ics/Rms)
"Management and Employees
"Supervisory Board
"Executive Board
"Management Board
"Employees
"Debt Record
"Description of Notes
"General
"Interest
"Fiscal Agent
"Payment of Principal and Interest
"Redemption
"No Payment of Additional Amounts
"Ranking
"Negative Pledge
"Events of Default
"Notice
"Amendments (Collective Action Clause)
"Jurisdiction
"Governing Law
"Further Issues
"Repurchase
"Notices
"Clearing and Settlement
"Certification and Custody
"Payments
"Transfers
"The Clearing Systems
"Global Clearing and Settlement Procedures
"Responsibility of the Federal Republic for Fms-Wm
"SoFFin's Liquidity Support and Loss Compensation Obligations
"The Federal Republic's Liability for SoFFin's Obligations
"Taxation
"United States Taxation
"German Taxation
"Underwriting
"Settlement
"Other Relationships
"Selling Restrictions
"Legal Matters
"Authorized Representative
"Independent Auditors
"Official Statements and Documents
"Limitations on Actions Against the Federal Republic
"Enforcement of Civil Liabilities
"Where You Can Find More Information
"General Information
"Financial Statements and Report of the Independent Auditors
"Audited Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2011
"Report of the Independent Auditor for the year ended December 31, 2011
"Audited Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2010
"Report of the Independent Auditor for the year ended December 31, 2010
"Annex A Schedule of Funded Debt Outstanding as of December 31, 2011

This is an HTML Document rendered as filed.  [ Alternative Formats ]



  $2,000,000,000 1.00% NOTES DUE 2017  
Table of Contents

 

Filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1)
Registration Statement No. 333-184318

LOGO

FMS WERTMANAGEMENT

$2,000,000,000

1.00% NOTES DUE 2017

FMS Wertmanagement (“FMS-WM”) will pay interest on the notes on May 21 and November 21 of each year. Interest will accrue on the notes from and including November 21, 2012, and the first interest payment date will be May 21, 2013. FMS-WM may not redeem the notes prior to their maturity on November 21, 2017. There is no sinking fund for these notes.

 

 

FMS-WM intends to apply for the notes to be admitted to the Euro MTF Market of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange.

 

 

FMS is wholly owned by the German Financial Market Stabilization Fund known as SoFFin, which is obligated to provide FMS with liquidity support and to compensate it for losses. The Federal Republic of Germany (the “Federal Republic”) is directly liable for all of SoFFin’s obligations. Accordingly, FMS’s obligations, including the notes offered hereby, are effectively backed by the full faith and credit of the Federal Republic. See “Responsibility of the Federal Republic for FMS-WM.”

 

 

PRICE 99.981% AND ACCRUED INTEREST

 

 

 

     Price to
Public(1)
    Underwriting
Discounts
And Commissions(2)
    Proceeds to
FMS-WM(1) (3)
 

Per note

     99.981     0.125     99.856

Total

   $ 1,999,620,000      $ 2,500,000      $ 1,997,120,000   

 

(1) Plus accrued interest, if any, from November 21, 2012.
(2) FMS-WM has agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(3) Before deducting expenses related to the offering.

 

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission, any state securities commission, the Luxembourg Stock Exchange or any foreign governmental agencies has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined whether this prospectus is accurate and complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

The underwriters named in this prospectus expect to deliver the notes to purchasers in book-entry form only through The Depository Trust Company and through facilities of other clearing systems that participate in the Depository Trust Company, including Clearstream Banking, société anonyme, Luxembourg, and Euroclear Bank SA/NV, on November 21, 2012.

 

 

 

Citigroup

   Deutsche Bank    Goldman Sachs International    HSBC

The date of this prospectus is November 14, 2012


Table of Contents

Table of Contents

 

      Page  

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

     4   

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

     5   

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

     10   

FMS-WM

     10   

The Federal Republic of Germany

     10   

USE OF PROCEEDS

     15   

PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION

     15   

EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION

     15   

CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

     16   

FMS-WM

     17   

Overview

     17   

Creation and Legal Status

     17   

Relationship with the Federal Republic of Germany

     18   

Business and Operations

     20   

SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

     28   

ECONOMIC CONDITIONS AND MARKET DEVELOPMENTS

     30   

Economic Developments in Key Regions

     30   

Real Estate Markets

     30   

Infrastructure Markets

     31   

Financial Institutions and Covered Bonds

     31   

Public Sector

     31   

ABS Markets

     32   

FINANCIAL REPORT – NET ASSETS, FINANCIAL POSITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

     33   

Net Assets

     33   

Financial Position

     35   

Results of Operations

     36   

Overall Appraisal

     38   

RISK REPORT

     39   

Basics of Risk Management

     39   

Organizational Structure of Risk Management

     40   

Principles of Risk Management

     41   

Counterparty Default Risks

     41   

Watchlist and Problem Assets

     48   

Market Risks

     49   

Liquidity Risks

     51   

Operational Risks

     54   

Other Risks

     56   

Assessment of the Overall Exposure and Outlook

     57   

INTERNAL CONTROL / RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM RELEVANT TO THE FINANCIAL REPORTING PROCESS (ICS/RMS)

     59   

MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

     61   

Supervisory Board

     61   

Executive Board

     61   

Management Board

     62   

Employees

     63   

DEBT RECORD

     64   

DESCRIPTION OF NOTES

     64   

General

     64   

Interest

     64   

Fiscal Agent

     64   

Payment of Principal and Interest

     64   

Redemption

     65   

No Payment of Additional Amounts

     65   

Ranking

     65   

Negative Pledge

     65   

Events of Default

     65   

Notice

     66   

Amendments (Collective Action Clause)

     66   


Table of Contents
      Page  

Jurisdiction

     67   

Governing Law

     67   

Further Issues

     67   

Repurchase

     67   

Notices

     67   

CLEARING AND SETTLEMENT

     68   

Certification and Custody

     68   

Payments

     68   

Transfers

     68   

The Clearing Systems

     69   

Global Clearing and Settlement Procedures

     71   

RESPONSIBILITY OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC FOR FMS-WM

     73   

SoFFin’s Liquidity Support and Loss Compensation Obligations

     73   

The Federal Republic’s Liability for SoFFin’s Obligations

     73   

TAXATION

     74   

United States Taxation

     74   

German Taxation

     77   

UNDERWRITING

     80   

Settlement

     80   

Other Relationships

     80   

Selling Restrictions

     81   

LEGAL MATTERS

     82   

AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE

     83   

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

     83   

OFFICIAL STATEMENTS AND DOCUMENTS

     83   

LIMITATIONS ON ACTIONS AGAINST THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC

     83   

ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES

     83   

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

     84   

GENERAL INFORMATION

     84   

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

     F-1   

ANNEX A SCHEDULE OF FUNDED DEBT OUTSTANDING AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2011

     A-1   

THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

     G-1   

You should rely on the information contained in this prospectus. FMS-WM has not, and the underwriters have not, authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate and did not omit to state any material fact required to be stated herein or necessary to make the statements herein not misleading as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus only. FMS-WM’s activities, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

A portion of the notes offered hereby may be offered and sold outside of the United States in transactions not subject to the registration requirements of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933.

This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, any of the notes offered hereby by any person in any jurisdiction in which it is unlawful for such person to make such an offering or solicitation. The offer or sale of the notes and the distribution of this prospectus may be restricted by law in certain jurisdictions, and you should inform yourself about, and observe, any such restrictions.

This prospectus may only be used for the purposes for which it has been published.

 

-3-


Table of Contents

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

FMS-WM has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a registration statement (which term shall include any amendments thereto) under Schedule B of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), with respect to the securities offered hereby. This prospectus does not contain all the information set forth in the registration statement, certain parts of which are omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Commission and to which reference is hereby made. Statements made in this prospectus as to the contents of any contract, agreement or other document referred to are not necessarily complete. With respect to each such contract, agreement or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, reference is made to the exhibit for a more complete description of the matter involved, and each such statement shall be deemed qualified in its entirety by such reference.

 

-4-


Table of Contents

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

FMS-WM

FMS-WM is a wind-up institution (Abwicklungsanstalt) organized as a public law entity (Anstalt öffentlichen Rechts) under public law of the Federal Republic with partial legal capacity. FMS-WM is fully owned by the German Financial Market Stabilization Fund (Finanzmarktstabilisierungsfonds, “SoFFin”), which is a special pool of assets (Sondervermögen) of the Federal Republic. FMS-WM is charged with liquidating a portfolio of risk positions and non-strategic assets/businesses in an original amount of EUR 175.7 billion (nominal volume) that it assumed from Hypo Real Estate Holding AG and its subsidiaries and special purpose entities (referred to herein collectively as the “HRE Group”) on October 1, 2010. As of 2007, the HRE Group was one of the largest commercial property lenders, issuers of covered bonds and providers of public finance in Germany. It encountered severe financial difficulties in 2008/09 in the course of the global financial markets crisis. Given the systemic importance of the HRE Group and the resulting public interest in stabilizing the HRE Group, the Federal Republic initiated support measures for this financial institution, including the transfer of risk positions and non-strategic assets/businesses to FMS-WM.

FMS-WM pursues its objective of managing and winding up its portfolio according to a strategic management framework known as the winding-up plan (Abwicklungsplan), which is updated and adapted on a regular basis. FMS-WM aims to maximize the value of its portfolio by managing and liquidating it in a value-preserving manner over an extended period of time. For any given part of the portfolio, the plan requires an assessment of whether FMS-WM should sell, hold, or restructure its holdings. As of December 31, 2011, FMS-WM had liquidated approximately EUR 19.6 billion of its initial portfolio of EUR 175.7 billion.

FMS-WM’s portfolio is currently serviced by the HRE Group, pursuant to a cooperation agreement between FMS-WM and Deutsche Pfandbriefbank AG (“PBB”), the core financial institution of the HRE Group. According to existing EU requirements, the cooperation agreement with PBB must be terminated by September 30, 2013 at the latest. FMS-WM has launched a project to make alternative arrangements for its portfolio servicing.

FMS-WM engages in funding activities, including the issuance of debt securities and/or obtaining financing from financial institutions, in order to refinance funding instruments associated with the portfolio it has assumed as they expire. FMS-WM will have to engage in refinancing activities on the capital markets until its portfolio has been liquidated. As of December 31, 2011, FMS-WM had subscribed capital of EUR 200,000, the total amount of which had been paid in.

FMS-WM’s obligations are effectively backed by the full faith and credit of the Federal Republic because SoFFin is obligated under FMS-WM’s charter to cover all losses sustained by FMS-WM (“loss compensation obligation”) and to ensure that FMS-WM is able to pay all its liabilities at any time when due and in full (“liquidity support obligation”). According to Section 5 of the German Financial Market Stabilization Fund Act (Finanzmarktstabilisierungsfondsgesetz, “FMStFG”), the Federal Republic, in turn, is directly liable for all of SoFFin’s obligations.

FMS-WM is governed by two corporate bodies: the Supervisory Board (Verwaltungsrat) and the Executive Board (Vorstand). The six-member Supervisory Board is appointed by SoFFin and is responsible for the composition and oversight of the Executive Board as well as for major strategic decisions of FMS-WM. The Executive Board has a minimum of two members and is appointed by the Supervisory Board. It is responsible for representing FMS-WM externally and for managing its business. In addition, a General Manager (Generalbevollmächtigter) was appointed by the Executive Board, who functions as Chief Operating Officer. The Executive Board members, along with the General Manager, form the Management Board (Geschäftsleitung), which is responsible for the operational management of FMS-WM.

FMS-WM is registered with the commercial register (Handelsregister) of the local court (Amtsgericht) of Munich under HRA 96076. Its registered office and business address is at Prinzregentenstrasse 56, 80538 Munich, Federal Republic of Germany. Its telephone number is +49 89 9547627-0. As of the date of this prospectus, FMS-WM does not maintain, and does not intend to open, any branches.

 

 

-5-


Table of Contents

Relationship with the Federal Republic of Germany

Relationship with SoFFin

FMS-WM is fully owned by SoFFin, which is administered by the German Federal Agency for Financial Market Stabilization (Bundesanstalt für Finanzmarktstabilisierung, “FMSA”). SoFFin is a special pool of assets (Sondervermögen) of the Federal Republic, established by law and designated to fulfill specific tasks of the German Federal Government assigned to it under the FMStFG.

SoFFin’s purpose is to stabilize the German financial sector by extending liquidity guarantees, providing equity capital, assuming risk positions, and setting up wind-up institutions. To this end, SoFFin has been authorized by the German legislature under Section 6 of the FMStFG to extend liquidity guarantees in a total aggregate amount of up to EUR 400 billion. In addition, Section 9 of the FMStFG authorizes the German Federal Ministry of Finance to incur debt in a total aggregate amount of up to EUR 80 billion to cover the cost of measures taken by SoFFin in connection with the provision of equity capital, the assumption of risk provisions and the compensation of losses of wind-up institutions. Specifically, the authorization permits the German Federal Ministry of Finance to incur debt up to an amount of EUR 40 billion. Subject to the approval of the parliamentary control panel for financial market stabilization which is comprised of nine members of the budget committee of the German Bundestag, this amount can be increased by up to another EUR 30 billion and, subject to the approval of the budget committee of the German Bundestag, by up to another EUR 10 billion. Any financing required by SoFFin is obtained in the manner used by the Federal Republic to finance itself, i.e., through the issuance of debt instruments by the Federal Republic of Germany – Finance Agency (Bundesrepublik Deutschland – Finanzagentur GmbH). When the Federal Republic incurs debt for SoFFin it leads to an increase in the net borrowings and debt of the Federal Republic. Applications for stabilization measures extended by SoFFin could initially be made only until the end of 2010. As a consequence of developments in the euro area in late 2011, the Federal Republic re-opened SoFFin on March 1, 2012 for new applications through December 31, 2012.

Under FMS-WM’s charter, SoFFin is obligated to cover all losses sustained by FMS-WM and to ensure that FMS-WM is able to pay all its liabilities at any time when due and in full. Section 5 of the FMStFG provides that the Federal Republic is directly liable for the obligations of SoFFin. Creditors, including holders of the notes, do not have direct recourse against SoFFin or the Federal Republic. SoFFin’s loss compensation and liquidity support obligations, however, enable FMS-WM to pursue its operations and effectively mean that FMS-WM’s obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the Federal Republic. For more detailed information on FMS-WM’s backing by the Federal Republic, see “Responsibility of the Federal Republic for FMS-WM.”

For the year ended December 31, 2011, SoFFin recorded a loss of EUR 13.1 billion, which was mainly driven by expenses of EUR 11.4 billion recorded in connection with the accrual of provisions for loss compensation obligations of SoFFin vis-à-vis FMS-WM. As of September 28, 2012, the total outstanding stabilization measures provided by SoFFin amounted to EUR 24.0 billion, of which EUR 5.2 billion related to liquidity guarantees and EUR 18.8 billion related to equity capital.

Relationship with FMSA

FMS-WM operates under the supervision and control of the Federal Republic, which is exercised through the FMSA. The FMSA was established to manage SoFFin and to implement and monitor the stabilization measures extended by it. The FMSA has the power to create wind-up institutions under Section 8a of FMStFG. FMSA is supervised by the German Federal Ministry of Finance (Bundesfinanzministerium), which ensures that FMSA acts in the public interest. In particular, the German Federal Ministry of Finance supervises FMSA’s activities, nominates the members of FMSA’s management committee (Leitungsausschuss) and delegates decision-making powers to the management committee.

The FMSA appoints the members of FMS-WM’s Supervisory Board. The Supervisory Board members, in turn, appoint the members of FMS-WM’s Executive Board. Both the Supervisory Board and the FMSA may dismiss a member of the Executive Board for good cause.

The FMSA is responsible for the regulatory and legal supervision of FMS-WM. In particular, the FMSA has to approve and supervise FMS-WM’s implementation of the winding-up plan as well as any deviations from, or amendments to, the winding-up plan. The FMSA may give instructions to FMS-WM’s Executive Board and Supervisory Board in order to ensure that FMS-WM complies with applicable law and the requirements of its charter. Comprehensive reporting obligations by FMS-WM ensure that the FMSA has a solid basis for exercising its control and instruction rights.

 

 

-6-


Table of Contents

In keeping with its supervisory role, FMSA action is required for the dissolution of FMS-WM. While there is no set maximum duration for FMS-WM’s existence, FMS-WM’s charter provides that FMS-WM shall exist only until the transferred risk positions and non-strategic assets/businesses have been liquidated in full, at which point it is obligated to notify FMSA. FMSA may initiate the final dissolution process for FMS-WM if it has no remaining liabilities or if SoFFin has assumed any remaining liabilities. Any assets or profits remaining at the time of dissolution will be transferred to SoFFin.

Selected Financial Information

The following selected financial information has been derived from the financial statements prepared by FMS-WM for the year ended December 31, 2011. FMS-WM’s financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Section 8a (1) sentence 10 in conjunction with Section 3a (4) of the FMStFG and the supplementary provisions of its charter pursuant to the provisions of the German Commercial Code (Handelsgesetzbuch, “HGB”) for large corporations, the supplementary provisions of the HGB for credit institutions and financial services institutions as well as the requirements of the German Accounting Directive for Banks and Financial Services Providers (Verordnung über die Rechnungslegung der Kreditinstitute und Finanzdienstleistungsinstitute, “RechKredV”) (collectively, “German GAAP”). These accounting principles apply to other types of German financial institutions that do not prepare their annual financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted and financial reporting practices followed in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) or International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) and have not been specifically designed for FMS-WM. German GAAP differs in certain significant respects from U.S. GAAP and IFRS, and, as a result, FMS-WM’s financial statements included in this prospectus may differ substantially from financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP or IFRS.

FMS-WM’s financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 included in this prospectus were audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers Aktiengesellschaft Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft. The audit was conducted in accordance with Section 317 of the HGB and the German generally accepted standards for the audit of financial statements promulgated by the Institute of Public Auditors in Germany (Institut der Wirtschaftsprüfer, “IDW”).

The selected financial information should be read in conjunction with FMS-WM’s audited financial statements and notes thereto and with the section entitled “Financial Report – Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations” in this prospectus.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
          2010(1)             2011      
     (audited)  
     (€ in millions)  

Income Statement Data:

    

Net interest income

     146.0        552.6   

Net commission income

     (86.3     58.9   

General and administrative expenses

     (128.9     (347.0

Risk provisions

     (2,970.7     (10,254.5

Result from ordinary activities

     (3,040.9     (9,960.8

Income from loss absorption

     3,038.9        9,969.0   

Net income/loss for the fiscal year

     (2.0     —     

 

(1) As FMS-WM only commenced operations on July 8, 2010, the 2010 fiscal year only covers the period from July 8, 2010 through December 31, 2010.

 

 

-7-


Table of Contents
     As of December 31,  
     2010      2011  
     (audited)  
     (€ in millions)  

Balance Sheet Data:

     

Total assets

     333,286.7         341,765.8   

Liabilities to banks

     165,610.6         112,580.2   

Liabilities to customers

     2,449.9         21,561.4   

Securitized liabilities

     139,651.2         181,557.9   

Fiduciary liabilities

     0.5         0.5   

Other liabilities

     1,330.4         1,726.8   

Deferred income

     23,873.2         22,242.9   

Provisions

     370.8         2,096.2   

Equity

     —           —     

 

     Year ended December 31,  
          2010(1)              2011      
     (unaudited)  
     (€ in billions)  

Wind-up:

     

Nominal portfolio value (begin of period)

     175.7         174.3   

Nominal portfolio value (end of period)

     174.3         160.7   

Reduction (including currency effects)

     1.4         13.6   

 

(1) As FMS-WM only commenced operations on July 8, 2010, the 2010 fiscal year only covers the period from July 8, 2010 through December 31, 2010.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
          2010(1)             2011      
     (audited)  
     (€ in millions)  

Cash Flow Data:

    

Cash funds at beginning of period

     —          3,010.0   

Cash flows from operating activities

     3,338.8        (3,336.5

Cash flows from investment activities

     (330.8     (0.8

Cash flows from financing activities

     2.0        3,068.8   

Cash funds at end of period

     3,010.0        2,741.5   

 

(1) As FMS-WM only commenced operations on July 8, 2010, the 2010 fiscal year only covers the period from July 8, 2010 through December 31, 2010.

 

 

-8-


Table of Contents

Summary of the Offering

Issuer

FMS-WM

Securities Offered

$2,000,000,000 principal amount of 1.00% notes due 2017.

Maturity Date

November 21, 2017

Interest Payment Dates

May 21 and November 21 of each year, commencing May 21, 2013

Interest Rate

1.00% per annum

Redemption

The notes are not subject to redemption prior to maturity.

Markets

The notes are offered for sale in those jurisdictions in the United States, Canada, Europe, Asia and elsewhere where it is legal to make such offers. See “Underwriting.”

The Federal Republic of Germany

The notes are effectively backed by the full faith and credit of the Federal Republic, see “Responsibility of the Federal Republic for FMS-WM.”

Listing and Admission to Trading

FMS-WM intends to apply for the notes to be admitted to the Euro MTF Market of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange.

Form, Registration and Settlement

The notes will be represented by the global notes registered in the name of Cede & Co. as nominee for the Depository Trust Company (“DTC”). The global notes will be deposited with a custodian for DTC. Except as described in this prospectus, beneficial interests in the global notes will be represented through accounts of financial institutions acting on behalf of the beneficial owners as direct and indirect participants in DTC. Investors may elect to hold interests in the global notes through DTC, if they are participants in DTC, or indirectly through organizations that are participants in DTC. Owners of beneficial interests in the global notes will not be entitled to have notes registered in their names and will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of definitive notes. Initial settlement for the notes will be made in immediately available funds in dollars. See “Clearing and Settlement.”

Withholding Tax, No Additional Amounts

FMS-WM has no obligation to pay you any additional amounts in respect of the notes as a result of possible withholding or deduction for taxes pursuant to any applicable law and/or regulations. Accordingly, the holder will, in the event of any such withholding or deduction, receive less than he or she would have received without such withholding or deduction.

Collective Action Clause

The notes will contain a collective action clause. The holders of the notes may agree with FMS-WM to amend the terms or conditions contained in the notes or the Fiscal Agency Agreement with the affirmative vote by holders of the notes representing not less than 50% of the principal amount of the notes then outstanding. Certain material amendments of the terms and conditions of the notes or the Fiscal Agency Agreement, including changes in the due date for the payment of interest or principal or the reduction or elimination of the interest rate on the notes, reduction of the principal amount on the notes and changes in the currency of the notes will require the affirmative vote by holders of not less than 75% of the principal amount of the notes then outstanding.

Securities Codes

CUSIP: 30254WAA7

ISIN: US30254WAA71

Common Code: 085699105

 

 

-9-


Table of Contents

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

FMS-WM

FMS-WM’s Results for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2012

FMS-WM is not required to publish interim financial statements in conformity with German GAAP. Nevertheless, FMS-WM does prepare selected interim financial information in accordance with German GAAP applicable to interim financial reporting. The following information is based on this selected unaudited interim financial information. This information is not necessarily indicative of FMS-WM’s figures for the full year ending December 31, 2012.

In the six months ended June 30, 2012, FMS-WM further reduced the nominal value of its portfolio from EUR 160.7 billion as of December 31, 2011 to EUR 151.4 billion as of June 30, 2012. The portfolio reduction of EUR 10.9 billion in the six months ended June 30, 2012 was partially offset by countervailing currency effects of EUR 1.6 billion.

FMS-WM’s loss from ordinary activities improved from a loss of EUR 690 million in the six months ended June 30, 2011 to a loss of EUR 50 million in the six months ended June 30, 2012, primarily due to lower writedowns. In addition, net interest income increased from EUR 157 million in the six months ended June 30, 2011 to EUR 382 million in the six months ended June 30, 2012 due to improvements in FMS-WM’s refinancing structure and refinancing cost. Net commission income increased slightly from EUR 24 million in the six months ended June 30, 2011 to EUR 25 million in the six months ended June 30, 2012.

General and administrative expenses increased from EUR 165 million in the six months ended June 30, 2011 to EUR 183 million in the six months ended June 30, 2012. Additions to risk provisions for the lending business and net loss from investments in the securities business accounted for total charges of EUR 280 million in the six months ended June 30, 2012 (six months ended June 30, 2011: total charges of EUR 788 million).

FMS-WM’s total assets decreased by 13.6% from EUR 341.8 billion as of December 31, 2011 to EUR 295.3 billion as of June 30, 2012. The main reason for this decrease was a reduction in own issues repurchased from EUR 129.2 billion as of December 31, 2011 to EUR 94.0 billion as of June 30, 2012.

The volume of funding raised in the capital markets for the six months ended June 30, 2012 was EUR 19.7 billion. In July 2012, FMS-WM exceeded its total targeted capital markets funding volume for 2012 of EUR 25 billion.

The Federal Republic of Germany

Overview of Key Economic Indicators

The following economic information regarding the Federal Republic is derived from the public official documents cited below. Certain of the information is preliminary.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT

 

(adjusted for price, seasonal and calendar effects)

Reference period

  

Percentage change on

previous quarter

  

Percentage change on
the same quarter in previous year

2nd quarter 2011

    0.5    3.0

3rd quarter 2011

    0.4    2.7

4th quarter 2011

   -0.1    1.9

1st quarter 2012

    0.5    1.2

2nd quarter 2012

    0.3    1.0

 

-10-


Table of Contents

The German gross domestic product increased 0.3% after price, seasonal and calendar adjustment in the second quarter of 2012 compared with the first quarter of 2012. Positive contributions to economic growth were made by final consumption expenditure and the balance of exports and imports.

In the second quarter of 2012, exports adjusted for price, seasonal and calendar variations increased by 2.5% compared to the first quarter of 2012, while imports adjusted for price, seasonal and calendar variations increased by 2.1% compared to the first quarter of 2012. The balance of exports and imports thus contributed 0.3 percentage points to GDP growth. In the second quarter of 2012, the contributions made by domestic uses varied. In the second quarter of 2012, the final consumption expenditure of households increased by 0.4% and final consumption expenditure of government increased by 0.2% compared to the first quarter of 2012. These increases were more than offset by a decline in capital formation. Gross fixed capital formation in machinery and equipment decreased by 2.3%, while gross fixed capital formation in construction decreased 0.3% compared to the first quarter of 2012. The decline in inventories also had a negative impact of 0.1 percentage points on economic growth in the second quarter of 2012. Overall, domestic uses had a slightly negative effect of 0.1 percentage points on the growth of gross domestic product.

In a year-on-year comparison, GDP in the second quarter of 2012 increased by 1.0% in calendar adjusted terms compared to the second quarter of 2011.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Detailed results on the gross domestic product for the 2 quarter of 2012, press release of August 23, 2012 (https://www.destatis.de/EN/PressServices/Press/pr/2012/08/PE12_287_811.html).

Inflation Rate

INFLATION RATE

 

(based on overall consumer price index)

Reference period

  

Percentage change on
previous month

  

Percentage change on the same month in
previous year

September 2011

    0.1    2.6

October 2011

    0.0    2.5

November 2011

    0.0    2.4

December 2011

    0.7    2.1

January 2012

   -0.4    2.1

February 2012

    0.7    2.3

March 2012

    0.3    2.1

April 2012

    0.2    2.1

May 2012

   -0.2    1.9

June 2012

   -0.1    1.7

July 2012

    0.4    1.7

August 2012

    0.4    2.1

September 2012

    0.0    2.0

Consumer prices in Germany were 2.0% higher in September 2012 compared to September 2011. The inflation rate decreased slightly compared to the year-over-year inflation rate of 2.1% in August 2012.

In September 2012, the inflation rate was mainly driven by increases in energy prices, which increased by a total of 7.0% compared with September 2011. In particular, prices of mineral oil products, which increased by 9.3%, and charges for central and district heating, which increased by 8.7%, were significantly higher than in September 2011. Without the impact of the increases in energy prices, the year-on-year inflation rate would have been constant at 1.4% from June 2012 through September 2012. Food prices increased by 2.9% from September 2011 to September 2012.

Prices for goods overall increased by 3.0% from September 2011 to September 2012, while prices of services increased by only 1.0% in the same period.

Compared to August 2012, the consumer price index remained unchanged in September 2012, as price increases, such as increases in energy prices and clothing and footwear prices, were offset by seasonal price decreases, such as decreases in prices of accommodation services and package holidays (-8.8% and -8.3%, respectively).

 

-11-


Table of Contents

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Consumer prices in September 2012: +2.0% on September 2011, press release of October 11, 2012 (https://www.destatis.de/EN/PressServices/Press/pr/2012/10/PE12_353_611.html).

Unemployment Rate

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

 

(percent of unemployed persons in the total labor force according to the
International Labour Organization (ILO) definition)
(1)

Reference period

   Original percentages    Adjusted  percentages(2)

September 2011

   5.3    5.8

October 2011

   5.2    5.7

November 2011

   5.5    5.6

December 2011

   5.5    5.6

January 2012

   6.4    5.6

February 2012

   5.9    5.6

March 2012

   5.5    5.6

April 2012

   5.3    5.6

May 2012

   5.6    5.5

June 2012

   5.3    5.5

July 2012

   5.8    5.5

August 2012

   5.4    5.4

September 2012

   5.1    5.4

 

(1) The time series on unemployment are based on the German Labour Force Survey.
(2) Adjusted for seasonal and irregular effects (trend cycle component) using the X-12-ARIMA method.

The number of employed persons increased by approximately 324,000 persons, or 0.8%, from September 2011 to September 2012. Compared to August 2012, the number of employed persons in September 2012 increased by approximately 4,000 after elimination of seasonal fluctuations.

In September 2012, the number of unemployed persons decreased by approximately 48,000, or 2.2%, compared to September 2011. When adjusted for seasonal and irregular effects (trend cycle component), the number of unemployed persons in September 2012 decreased by 19,700, or 0.9%, compared to August 2012.

Sources: Statistisches Bundesamt, September 2012: Dynamik des Beschäftigungsaufbaus lässt nach, press release of October 30, 2012 (https://www.destatis.de/DE/PresseService/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/2012/10/PD12_377_132.html); Statistisches Bundesamt, Genesis-Online Datenbank, Tabelle 13231-0001, Erwerbslose, Erwerbstätige, Erwerbspersonen, Erwerbslosenquote: Deutschland, Monate, Original- und bereinigte Daten (https://www-genesis.destatis.de/genesis/online/logon?sequenz=tabelleErgebnis&selectionname=13231-0001&zeitscheiben=2&leerzeilen=false2).

Current Account and Foreign Trade

CURRENT ACCOUNT AND FOREIGN TRADE

 

      (balance in EUR  billion)(1)

Item

   January to August 2012    January to August 2011

Foreign trade

   126.6    100.9

Services

     –9.4      –7.9

Factor income (net)

     31.1      24.2

Current transfers

   –27.8    –24.7

Supplementary trade items

   –19.0    –10.1
  

 

  

 

Current account

   101.5      82.4
  

 

  

 

 

(1) Figures may not add up due to rounding.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, German exports in August 2012: +5.8% on August 2011, press release of October 8, 2012 (https://www.destatis.de/EN/PressServices/Press/pr/2012/10/PE12_347_51.html).

 

-12-


Table of Contents

Germany’s General Government Deficit, General Government Gross Debt and the Excessive Deficit Procedure

According to the excessive deficit procedure (“EDP”) notification table published by Eurostat in October 2012, the Federal Government forecasts that the German general government deficit for full year 2012 will be 0.5% of GDP. The general government gross debt ratio is forecast to be 82.2% in 2012, an increase from 80.5% in 2011.

Sources: Eurostat, EDP Notification Tables, October 2012, Germany (http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/government_finance_statistics/documents/DE_2012-10.pdf).

Other Recent Developments

In June 2012, the Spanish government requested financial assistance for the recapitalization of financial institutions from the Euro Area Member States. On July 20, 2012, ministers of the Euro Area Member States unanimously agreed to grant such financial assistance, concurring with the assessment of the Commission, in liaison with the European Central Bank, the European Banking Authority and the IMF, that providing a loan to Spain for the purpose of the recapitalization of Spanish financial institutions is warranted to safeguard financial stability in the euro area as a whole. Ministers of the Euro Area Member States agreed that the Fund for Orderly Bank Restructuring (F.R.O.B.), acting as agent of the Spanish government, will receive the funds and direct them to the financial institutions concerned. The Spanish government will retain the full responsibility of the financial assistance. The financial assistance will be accompanied by policy conditionality, to be enshrined in a memorandum of understanding, focusing on the financial sector. This conditionality consists of bank-specific measures, including in-depth bank restructuring plans in line with EU state aid rules and sector-wide structural reforms that embrace segregation of problematic assets, as well as the governance, regulation and supervision of the banking sector. The financial assistance will be provided by the European Financial Stability Facility (“EFSF”) until the European Stability Mechanism (“ESM”) becomes available, and then will be transferred to the ESM, without gaining senior ranking status. It will cover financing needs of up to EUR 100 billion. As required by EFSF/ESM procedures, the specific amount will be determined based on a thorough bottom-up assessment of capital needs for individual banks, which has been launched and is expected to be finalized in September. The loans to be used for bank recapitalizations will have an average maturity of up to 12.5 years, with any individual disbursement having a maximum maturity of up to 15 years. The EFSF will set aside EUR 30 billion at the start of the financial assistance program, which can be used in case of urgent unexpected financing needs.

Also in June 2012, Cyprus requested financial assistance from the Euro Area Member States and the IMF in view of the challenges that Cyprus is facing, in particular due to distress in the banking sector and macroeconomic imbalances. Negotiations for an assistance program for Cyprus are currently ongoing.

Sources: Statement by the Eurogroup, press release of July 20, 2012 (http://eurozone.europa.eu/media/776104/eg_statement_spain_20_july.pdf); Statement by the Eurogroup, press release of June 27, 2012 (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ecofin/131308.pdf).

In June 2012, the Heads of State and Government of the Euro Area Member States stated they expect the European Commission to present a proposal for a single banking supervisory mechanism shortly. Once established for banks in the euro area and following a regular decision, the ESM may be granted the ability to recapitalize banks directly. In October 2012, the Heads of State and Government committed to seek an agreement on legislative proposals for the single supervisory mechanism by January 1, 2013.

Source: Euro Area Summit Statement, June 29, 2012 (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/131359.pdf); Statement by President Barroso at the post-European Council press conference, press release of October 19, 2012 (http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_SPEECH-12-747_en.htm?locale=en).

 

-13-


Table of Contents

In June 2012, the Heads of State and Government agreed on a compact for growth and jobs. At the EU level, among other measures, EUR 120 billion are being mobilized for fast-acting growth measures, including by increasing the European Investment Bank’s paid-in capital by EUR 10 billion, with the aim of strengthening its capital basis as well as increasing its overall lending capacity by EUR 60 billion.

Source: European Council 28/29 June 2012, Conclusions, June 29, 2012 (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/131388.pdf).

On June 29, 2012, the German Bundestag and Bundesrat enacted laws approving the fiscal compact and the ESM. Several complaints were filed with the German Federal Constitutional Court against these laws with a view to preventing the president of the Federal Republic from signing the laws, which is a pre-condition for their entry into force. In September 2012, the German Federal Constitutional Court approved the ratification of the ESM treaty and the fiscal compact. The approval by the Federal Constitutional Court is subject to a legally binding clarification under international law to the effect that the maximum liability of the Federal Republic in the amount of EUR 190 million may only be increased if the representative of the Federal Republic in the relevant bodies of the ESM approves such an increase. In late September 2012, the parties to the ESM issued a statement conforming compliance with the condition imposed by the German Federal Constitutional Court. Accordingly, the president of the Federal Republic signed the laws approving the fiscal compact and the ESM. The ESM was launched on October 8, 2012.

Sources: Bundesregierung, Zustimmung zu Fiskalvertrag und ESM, statement of June 29, 2012 (http:/www.bundesregierung.de/Content/DE/Artikel/2012/06/2012-06-29-ratifizierung-esm-fiskalvertrag.html ?nn=454930); Bundesregierung, Bundesregierung tritt für Fiskalpakt ein, statement of July 4, 2012 (http://www.bundesregierung.de/Content/DE/Artikel/2012/07/2012-07-04-kabinett-bverfg.html?nn=454930); Bundesverfassungsgericht, Urteilsverkündung in Sachen “ESM/Fiskalpakt – Anträge auf Erlass einer einstweiligen Anordnung,” press release of July 16, 2012 (http://www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/pressemitteilungen/bvg12-055); Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Fragen und Antworten zum Europäischen Stabilitätsmechanismus (ESM) (http://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/Content/DE/FAQ/2012-08-16-esm-faq.html); Bundesregierung, Euro-Rettungsschirm ESM gestartet, statement of October 9, 2012 (http://www.bundesregierung.de/Content/DE/Artikel/2012/09/2012-09-12--bundesverfassungsgericht-zu-esm-und-fiskalvertrag.html); European Stability Mechanism, European Stability Mechanism (ESM) is inaugurated, press release of October 8, 2012 (http://www.esm.europa.eu/press/releases/20121008_esm-is-inaugurated.htm).

On September 6, 2012, the president of the European Central Bank (“ECB”) stated that the ECB decided on the modalities for undertaking Outright Monetary Transactions (OMTs) in secondary markets for sovereign bonds in the euro area. Within its mandate to maintain price stability over the medium term and in observance of its independence in determining monetary policy, the ECB intends to preserve the singleness of its monetary policy and to ensure the proper transmission of its policy stance to the real economy throughout the euro area. OMTs are aimed at enabling the ECB to address severe distortions in government bond markets.

Source: Introductory statement to the press conference (with Q&A), Mario Draghi, President of the ECB, Vítor Constâncio, Vice-President of the ECB, September 6, 2012 (http://www.ecb.int/press/pressconf/2012/html/is120906.en.html).

In October 2012, the German Government introduced a draft law, the third Financial Market Stabilization Act, that would allow the SoFFin to extend new guarantees and incur loans to stabilize German banks through the end of 2014 in order to bridge the period until a European directive on recovery and resolution of credit institutions has been implemented by the member states. According to the draft law, SoFFin and the restructuring fund, which have previously been separate systems, will be more closely integrated. In particular, the financial resources that are funded by the bank levy and accumulate in the restructuring fund will be used to cover possible losses arising from future SoFFin measures when the accounts of the SoFFin will be finally closed. In addition, the group of institutions eligible to apply to SoFFin and the group of institutions required to pay the bank levy will be harmonized.

Source: Bundesregierung, Extension of protection against systemic banking crises, statement of October 17, 2012

(http://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/Content/EN/Standardartikel/Topics/Financial_markets/Articles/2012-10-23-extension-of-protection-against-systemic-banking-crises.html).

 

-14-


Table of Contents

USE OF PROCEEDS

FMS-WM estimates that the net proceeds from the sale of the notes will be approximately $1,997,120,000 (after deduction of underwriting discounts and commissions). The net proceeds from the sale of the notes will be primarily used to refinance existing liabilities in order to replace short term with longer term funding. In particular, FMS-WM intends to use the net proceeds to refinance existing floating rate liabilities issued under FMS-WM’s debt issuance program with an aggregate principal amount of USD 1,440 million, with coupons ranging from 3 month USD Libor plus 7 basis points to 3 month USD Libor plus 15 basis points (0.54% to 0.62% as of June 30, 2012) and with maturities ranging from November 20, 2012 to October 25, 2013. Any remainder will be used for general business purposes.

PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION

FMS-WM’s accounts are kept, and the economic data on the Federal Republic is expressed, in euro.

As used herein, the terms “euro,” “EUR” and the euro sign (€) refer to euro, and the terms “dollars,” “U.S. dollars,” “USD” and the dollar sign ($) refer to United States dollars.

Any discrepancies in the tables included in this prospectus between the amounts and the totals thereof are due to rounding.

EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION

The following table shows noon buying rates for euro, expressed as U.S. dollars per EUR 1.00, for the periods and dates indicated, as reported by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. On January 1, 2009, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York discontinued daily publication of noon buying rates. As of this date, noon buying rates are as published on a weekly basis by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

 

Year ended December 31,    Period End      Average(1)      High      Low  

2007

     1.4603         1.3807         1.4862         1.2904   

2008

     1.3919         1.4695         1.6010         1.2446   

2009

     1.4332         1.3955         1.5100         1.2547   

2010

     1.3269         1.3216         1.4536         1.1959   

2011

     1.2973         1.4002         1.4875         1.2926   

Quarter ended March 31, 2012

     1.3334         1.3249         1.3463         1.2682   

Quarter ended June 30, 2012

     1.2668         1.2754         1.3337         1.2364   

Quarter ended September 30, 2012

     1.2856         1.2583         1.3142         1.2062   

 

(1) The average of the noon buying rates on the last business day of each month during the relevant period.

The following table shows the high and low noon buying rates for euro, expressed as U.S. dollars per EUR 1.00, for each month from May 2012 through November 2012 (through November 9, 2012), as reported by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

 

2012    High      Low  

May

     1.3226         1.2364   

June

     1.2703         1.2420   

July

     1.2620         1.2062   

August

     1.2583         1.2149   

September

     1.3142         1.2566   

October

     1.3133         1.2876   

November (through November 9, 2012)

     1.2937         1.2715   

No representation is made that the euro or U.S. dollar amounts referred to herein could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars or euro, as the case may be, at any particular rate.

There are, except in limited embargo circumstances, no legal restrictions in the Federal Republic on international capital movements and foreign exchange transactions. However, for statistical purposes only, every individual or corporation residing in the Federal Republic must report to the Deutsche Bundesbank, the German Central Bank, subject to a number of exceptions, any payment received from or made to an individual or a corporation resident outside of the Federal Republic if such payment exceeds EUR 12,500 (or the equivalent in a foreign currency).

 

-15-


Table of Contents

CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

The following table sets forth FMS-WM’s actual capitalization and indebtedness as of December 31, 2011, and its capitalization and indebtedness as of December 31, 2011 as adjusted for the receipt of the net proceeds of the offering. It does not otherwise give effect to any transaction since that date.

Since December 31, 2011, there has been no material change in the capitalization of FMS-WM, except for (1) the issuance in benchmark format of AUD 500 million (approximately EUR 402 million) 5% Notes due 2017, AUD 250 million (approximately EUR 211 million) 3.5% Notes due 2015 under FMS-WM’s AUD Note Issuance Programme in March 2012 and in July 2012; CHF 200 million (approximately EUR 166 million) Floating-Rate-Notes due 2014 under FMS-WM’s Debt Issuance Programme in January 2012; EUR 3 billion 1.375% Notes due 2015, EUR 3 billion 1.625% Notes due 2017, EUR 3 billion 1.875% Notes due 2019, EUR 3 billion 1% Notes due 2017 and EUR 2.5 billion 1.375% Notes due 2020 under FMS-WM’s Debt Issuance Programme in January 2012, February 2012, May 2012, July 2012 and September 2012; GBP 500 million (approximately EUR 619 million) 1.375% Notes due 2014 and GBP 750 million (approximately EUR 955 million) 1% Notes due 2015 under FMS-WM’s Debt Issuance Programme in April 2012, May 2012, July 2012 and August 2012 as well as (2) issuances in other public and private placement format in different currencies of approximately EUR 16.4 billion under FMS-WM’s Debt Issuance Programme. EUR equivalent amounts have been determined on the basis of the exchange rates as of the relevant trade date.

 

     As of
December 31, 2011
     As adjusted for the
offering
 
     unaudited  
     (in € millions)  

Debt

     

Short-term debt

     182         182   

Bonds and notes

     181,558         183,131 (1) 

Loans and advances to bank and loans and advances to customers (not payable on demand)

     133,960         133,960   

Other borrowings

     26,066         26,066   

Equity

     

Total equity

     —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total capitalization

     341,766         343,302   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) The adjustment of EUR 1,573 million reflects the euro equivalent of the $2,000 million principal amount of the notes based on a EUR/U.S. dollar exchange rate of €1.00 = $1.2715 on November 9, 2012. This value may differ from the liability that will be recorded on FMS-WM’s balance sheet under German GAAP.

 

-16-


Table of Contents

FMS-WM

Overview

FMS-WM is a wind-up institution (Abwicklungsanstalt) organized as a public law entity (Anstalt öffentlichen Rechts) under public law of the Federal Republic with partial legal capacity pursuant to Section 8a para 1 of the FMStFG. Partial legal capacity, under German administrative law, means that FMS-WM does not have the right to bring an administrative proceeding against FMSA under its charter. FMS-WM has, however, full power and legal capacity to contract with third parties and sue and be sued in court. FMS-WM is fully owned by the SoFFin, which is a special pool of assets (Sondervermögen) of the Federal Republic. FMS-WM is charged with liquidating a portfolio of risk positions and non-strategic assets/businesses in an original amount of EUR 175.7 billion (nominal volume) that it assumed from the HRE Group on October 1, 2010. As of 2007, the HRE Group was one of the largest commercial property lenders, issuers of covered bonds and providers of public finance in Germany. It encountered severe financial difficulties in 2008/09 in the course of the global financial markets crisis. Given the systemic importance of the HRE Group and the resulting public interest in stabilizing the HRE Group, the Federal Republic initiated support measures for this financial institution, including the transfer of risk positions and non-strategic assets/businesses to FMS-WM.

FMS-WM pursues its objective of managing and winding up its portfolio according to a strategic management framework known as the winding-up plan (Abwicklungsplan), which is updated and adapted on a regular basis. FMS-WM aims to maximize the value of its portfolio by managing and liquidating it in a value-preserving manner over an extended period of time. For any given part of the portfolio, the plan requires an assessment of whether FMS-WM should sell, hold, or restructure its holdings. As of December 31, 2011, FMS-WM had liquidated approximately EUR 19.6 billion of its initial portfolio of EUR 175.7 billion.

FMS-WM’s portfolio is currently serviced by the HRE Group, pursuant to a cooperation agreement between FMS-WM and PBB, the core financial institution of the HRE Group. According to existing EU requirements, the cooperation agreement with PBB must be terminated by September 30, 2013 at the latest. FMS-WM has launched a project to make alternative arrangements for its portfolio servicing.

FMS-WM engages in funding activities, including the issuance of debt securities and/or obtaining financing from financial institutions, in order to refinance funding instruments associated with the portfolio it has assumed as they expire. FMS-WM will have to engage in refinancing activities on the capital markets until its portfolio has been liquidated. As of December 31, 2011, FMS-WM had subscribed capital of EUR 200,000, the total amount of which had been paid in.

FMS-WM’s obligations are effectively backed by the full faith and credit of the Federal Republic because SoFFin is obligated under FMS-WM’s charter to cover all losses sustained by FMS-WM and to ensure that FMS-WM is able to pay all its liabilities at any time when due and in full. According to Section 5 of the FMStFG, the Federal Republic, in turn, is directly liable for all of SoFFin’s obligations.

FMS-WM is governed by two corporate bodies: the Supervisory Board (Verwaltungsrat) and the Executive Board (Vorstand). The six-member Supervisory Board is appointed by SoFFin and is responsible for the composition and oversight of the Executive Board as well as for major strategic decisions of FMS-WM. The Executive Board has a minimum of two members and is appointed by the Supervisory Board. It is responsible for representing FMS-WM externally and for managing its business. In addition, a General Manager (Generalbevollmächtigter) was appointed by the Executive Board, who functions as Chief Operating Officer. The Executive Board members, along with the General Manager, form the Management Board (Geschäftsleitung), which is responsible for the operational management of FMS-WM.

FMS-WM is registered with the commercial register (Handelsregister) of the local court (Amtsgericht) of Munich under HRA 96076. Its registered office and business address is at Prinzregentenstrasse 56, 80538 Munich, Federal Republic of Germany. Its telephone number is +49 89 9547627-0. As of the date of this prospectus, FMS-WM does not maintain, and does not intend to open, any branches.

Creation and Legal Status

FMS-WM’s creation and legal status are a direct result of the German Federal Government’s response to the recent global financial markets crisis. In October 2008, the German Federal Government enacted a comprehensive package of measures to support key German strategic financial institutions, most notably the HRE Group. This comprehensive package included the FMStFG, which provided for the implementation of

 

-17-


Table of Contents

SoFFin and established the FMSA, a federal agency under public law with legal personality (rechtsfähige Anstalt öffentlichen Rechts) supervised by the German Federal Ministry of Finance (Bundesfinanzministerium). Section 8a of the FMStFG grants the FMSA the power to create wind-up institutions. The purpose of these institutions is to assume distressed and non-strategic assets from systemically important financial institutions and to eventually dispose of or liquidate the risk positions transferred to them.

As of 2007, the HRE Group was one of the largest commercial property lenders and providers of public finance in Germany. Most of the commercial property loans were refinanced by the issuance of covered bonds, making the HRE Group the leading German issuer of covered bonds. In the course of the liquidity crisis in September 2008, the HRE Group encountered financial difficulties primarily caused by the heavy debt burden held by one of its subsidiaries, Depfa Bank plc (“Depfa”). Depfa had borrowed short-term money to fund higher interest bearing long-term positions in public sector finance on a large scale. When the interbank lending market collapsed in September 2008, Depfa faced substantial refinancing problems. Within a short period of time, the entire HRE Group faced solvency issues as well. Due to the HRE Group’s importance for the German financial system, the Federal Republic initiated various support measures, which led to the SoFFin becoming the sole owner of Hypo Real Estate Holding AG (“HRE”) in October 2009. The government support measures also included the extension of liquidity guarantees by SoFFin and the creation of FMS-WM as a wind-up institution under Section 8a of the FMStFG on July 8, 2010. Risk positions and non-strategic assets/businesses of the HRE Group were then transferred to FMS-WM on October 1, 2010.

FMS-WM is a public law institution with partial legal capacity (teilrechtsfähige Anstalt des öffentlichen Rechts) created pursuant to German administrative law. It is fully-owned by the SoFFin and is subject to the supervision and control of the FMSA. FMS-WM may act in its own name, and may be subject to court proceedings. In order to achieve its mandate of winding up the portfolio of risk positions and non-strategic assets/businesses assumed from the HRE Group, FMS-WM may engage in all kinds of banking and financial services transactions and all other transactions that directly or indirectly serve its purposes. FMS-WM is, however, neither a financial institution nor a financial services institution within the meaning of the German Banking Act (Kreditwesengesetz, “KWG”), nor a financial service provider within the meaning of the German Securities Trading Act (Wertpapierhandelsgesetz, “WpHG”), nor an insurance company within the meaning of the German Insurance Supervision Act (Versicherungsaufsichtsgesetz, “VAG”) nor regulated as such. As a consequence, FMS-WM is prohibited from engaging in transactions that would require a license under the EU Banking Directive (2006/48/EC) or the EU Directive on markets for financial instruments (2004/39/EC). Nonetheless, pursuant to its charter and the FMStFG, FMS-WM is subject to certain provisions of the KWG and the WpHG. In particular, FMS-WM is subject to banking supervision by the German Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht, “BaFin”) and must comply with the organizational obligations and restrictions on certain activities imposed by the KWG applicable to banks and financial institutions. FMS-WM is, however, exempted from the regulatory capital and liquidity requirements and the licensing requirements under the KWG. FMS-WM is also deemed to be a financial institution for purposes of the German Money Laundering Act (Geldwäschegesetz), and is therefore subject to the provisions thereof.

Relationship with the Federal Republic of Germany

The following chart provides an overview of the ownership and supervision of FMS-WM.

 

LOGO

 

-18-


Table of Contents

Relationship with SoFFin

FMS-WM is fully-owned by SoFFin, which is administered by FMSA. SoFFin is a special pool of assets (Sondervermögen) of the Federal Republic, established by law and designated to fulfill specific tasks of the German Federal Government assigned to it under the FMStFG.

SoFFin’s purpose is to stabilize the German financial sector by extending liquidity guarantees, providing equity capital, assuming risk positions, and setting up wind-up institutions. To this end, SoFFin has been authorized by the German legislature under Section 6 of the FMStFG to extend liquidity guarantees in a total aggregate amount of up to EUR 400 billion. In addition, Section 9 of the FMStFG authorizes the German Federal Ministry of Finance to incur debt in a total aggregate amount of up to EUR 80 billion to cover the cost of measures taken by SoFFin in connection with the provision of equity capital, the assumption of risk positions and the compensation of losses of wind-up institutions. Specifically, the authorization permits the German Federal Ministry of Finance to incur debt up to an amount of EUR 40 billion. Subject to the approval of the parliamentary control panel for financial market stabilization which is comprised of nine members of the budget committee of the German Bundestag, this amount can be increased by up to another EUR 30 billion and, subject to the approval of the budget committee of the German Bundestag, by up to another EUR 10 billion. Any financing required by SoFFin is obtained in the manner used by the Federal Republic to finance itself, i.e., through the issuance of debt instruments by the Federal Republic of Germany – Finance Agency (Bundesrepublik Deutschland – Finanzagentur GmbH). When the Federal Republic incurs debt for SoFFin it results in an increase in the net borrowings and debt of the Federal Republic. Applications for stabilization measures extended by SoFFin could initially be made only until the end of 2010. As a consequence of developments in the euro area in late 2011, the German Federal Government in December 2011 re-opened SoFFin for new applications until the end of 2012.

Under FMS-WM’s charter, SoFFin is obligated to cover all losses sustained by FMS-WM and to ensure that FMS-WM is able to pay all its liabilities at all times when due and in full. Section 5 of the FMStFG provides that the Federal Republic is directly liable for the obligations of SoFFin. Creditors, including holders of the notes, do not have direct recourse against SoFFin or the Federal Republic. SoFFin’s loss compensation and liquidity support obligations, however, enable FMS-WM to pursue its operations and effectively mean that FMS-WM’s obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the Federal Republic. For more detailed information on FMS-WM’s backing by the Federal Republic, see “Responsibility of the Federal Republic for FMS-WM.”

For the year ended December 31, 2011, SoFFin recorded a loss of EUR 13.1 billion, which was mainly driven by expenses of EUR 11.4 billion recorded in connection with the accrual of provisions for loss compensation obligations of SoFFin vis-à-vis FMS-WM. As of June 30, 2012, the total outstanding stabilization measures provided by SoFFin amounted to EUR 30.8 billion, of which EUR 11.0 billion related to liquidity guarantees and EUR 19.8 billion related to equity capital.

Relationship with FMSA

FMS-WM operates under the supervision and control of the Federal Republic, which is exercised through the FMSA. The FMSA was established to manage SoFFin and to implement and monitor the stabilization measures extended by SoFFin. The FMSA has the power to create wind-up institutions under Section 8a of FMStFG. FMSA is supervised by the German Federal Ministry of Finance (Bundesfinanzministerium), which ensures that FMSA acts in the public interest. In particular, the German Federal Ministry of Finance supervises FMSA’s activities, nominates the members of FMSA’s management committee (Leitungsausschuss) and delegates decision-making powers to the management committee.

The FMSA appoints the members of FMS-WM’s Supervisory Board. The Supervisory Board members, in turn, appoint the members of FMS-WM’s Executive Board. Both the Supervisory Board and the FMSA may dismiss a member of the Executive Board for good cause.

The FMSA is responsible for the regulatory and legal supervision of FMS-WM. In particular, the FMSA has to approve and supervise FMS-WM’s implementation of the winding-up plan as well as any deviations from, or amendments to, the winding-up plan. The FMSA may give instructions to FMS-WM’s Executive Board and Supervisory Board in order to ensure that FMS-WM complies with applicable law and the requirements of its charter. Comprehensive reporting obligations by FMS-WM ensure that the FMSA has a solid basis for exercising its control and instruction rights.

In keeping with its supervisory role, FMSA action is required for the dissolution of FMS-WM. While there is no set maximum duration for FMS-WM’s existence, FMS-WM’s charter provides that FMS-WM shall exist

 

-19-


Table of Contents

only until the transferred risk positions and non-strategic assets/businesses have been liquidated in full, at which point it is obligated to notify FMSA. FMSA may initiate the final dissolution process for FMS-WM if it has no remaining liabilities or if SoFFin has assumed any remaining liabilities. Any assets or profits remaining at the time of dissolution will be transferred to SoFFin.

Business and Operations

Introduction

FMS-WM is tasked with unwinding the portfolio of risk positions and non-strategic assets/businesses that it assumed on October 1, 2010 from the HRE Group in ways that maximize its value. As described in more detail under “– Outsourced Portfolio Administration,” the HRE Group functions as the external service provider that is in charge of administering the portfolio assumed by FMS-WM.

FMS-WM’s activities are characterized by the following strategic goals:

 

   

Winding-up of the risk assets aimed at maximizing their value: FMS-WM aims to unwind the risk assets in a manner that maximizes their value subject to defined wind-up and risk strategies that are adjusted on a continuous basis. The winding-up plan – which is the key strategic management tool of FMS-WM – serves as the basis for the implementation of its portfolio liquidation operations. Depending on the market situation and the asset category, the winding-up plan provides for the following strategies in connection with liquidating the portfolio assumed by FMS-WM:

 

   

Holding assets, which includes active management of loans and securities with a view to repaying outstanding amounts (e.g., where the risk/return profile is acceptable).

 

   

Selling assets to the extent it makes economic sense (e.g., to reduce positions with a higher risk profile and when market opportunities arise).

 

   

Restructuring, including workout, wind-up and reorganization measures, relating to both performing and non-performing financial instruments, particularly in the Infrastructure and Real Estate segments, with a view to maximizing the value of the liquidation measure related to the financial instrument (including by reducing risk).

 

   

Cost-effective servicing and management of the risk assets: The wind-up of the risk assets is carried out in part by FMS-WM itself and in part by the HRE Group as portfolio servicer. FMS-WM, however, remains solely responsible for the winding-up aimed at maximizing value and the cost-effective servicing and management of the portfolio.

 

   

Cost-effective funding and separate market access for FMS-WM: FMS-WM seeks to ensure cost-effective funding for the purpose of carrying out its mandate. Given its backing by the full faith and credit of the Federal Republic, FMS-WM is able to realize funding cost advantages that are not available to the HRE Group.

In order to achieve its mandate of winding up the portfolio of risk positions and non-strategic assets/businesses assumed from the HRE Group, FMS-WM may engage in all kinds of banking and financial services transactions and all other transactions that directly or indirectly serve its purposes. FMS-WM is, however, neither a financial institution nor a financial services institution within the meaning of the KWG, nor a financial service provider within the meaning of the WpHG, nor an insurance company within the meaning of the VAG. FMS-WM is also prohibited from engaging in transactions that would require a license under the EU Banking Directive (2006/48/EC).

The Portfolio

FMS-WM assumed a portfolio of risk positions and non-strategic assets/businesses in an original amount of EUR 175.7 billion (nominal volume) from the HRE Group on October 1, 2010. As of December 31, 2011, FMS-WM had liquidated approximately EUR 19.6 billion of its initial portfolio of EUR 175.7 billion. As of the same date, FMS-WM’s portfolio encompassed more than 5,000 individual exposures with about 2,500 different counterparties and more than 6,000 derivatives. The individual exposures are located in 65 countries and denominated in 17 currencies. Geographically, the greatest concentrations are in the United States, Italy, the United Kingdom, Germany and Spain. About half of the exposures in the portfolio are denominated in euro, nearly a quarter in U.S. dollars, approximately 12% in GBP and approximately 7% in JPY. The portfolio is highly complex and diverse and consists of a particularly high proportion of illiquid exposures with extremely

 

-20-


Table of Contents

long maturities. Approximately 40% of the assets will not mature until 2030 or later. To the extent that a legal transfer of risk assets could not be effected as of October 1, 2010 (for example, due to outstanding consent requirements), economic ownership of such risk positions was transferred synthetically to FMS-WM (for example, through subparticipations or guarantees). FMS is currently working on the physical and legal transfer of these risk positions that to date have only been transferred synthetically from the HRE Group to FMS-WM.

For purposes of risk management and the wind-up reports that FMS-WM submits to FMSA on a monthly basis in accordance with the winding-up plan, FMS-WM has classified the portfolio into five segments – Commercial Real Estate, Workout, Infrastructure, Public Sector and Structured Products. The segments in turn are broken down into 38 wind-up clusters. The assets of all five segments include syndicated loans.

Outsourced Portfolio Administration

In accordance with FMS-WM’s charter and in order to maintain its organization as streamlined as possible, the HRE Group serves as an outside administrator of the portfolio transferred to FMS-WM. The work outsourced to the HRE Group pursuant to a cooperation agreement between FMS-WM and the HRE Group comprises many of the administrative activities associated with the portfolio assumed. The scope of the outsourcing is described in service level agreements between FMS-WM and the HRE Group. Among other things, the HRE Group prepares FMS-WM’s annual financial statements, carries out all settlement and clearing processes and delivers both data and documentation that serve as the basis for making decisions relevant to the portfolio. FMS-WM has the sole decision-making power and responsibility for the assets under management. As of December 31, 2011, approximately 500 to 600 employees of the HRE Group were working for FMS-WM in connection with portfolio servicing at a cost of about EUR 22 million per month.

The cooperation agreement provides extensive information and inspection rights, designed to enable FMS-WM to monitor and control the HRE Group’s administration of the risk assets. It may be terminated at the earliest effective September 30, 2013 by giving prior notice of twelve months. As the transfer of risk positions and non-strategic assets/businesses from the HRE Group to FMS-WM could be viewed as state aid, the transfer had to be approved by the European Commission. In this context, the Federal Republic committed to ensure that, after September 30, 2013, the HRE Group will provide neither asset management services nor refinancing services for FMS-WM and that, from an organizational point of view, those services can be assumed by third parties. Pursuant to this commitment, the cooperation agreement with PBB must be terminated by September 30, 2013.

FMS-WM currently expects that such replacement will be achieved through a combination of outsourcing commoditized services (such as information technology, regulatory reporting) to one or more third parties and separating those employees from the HRE Group who are tasked with portfolio servicing for FMS-WM. Such employees will be transferred to a separate service entity, which FMS-WM established in April 2012. On November 6, FMS-WM publicly announced that the separate service entity will – in addition to portfolio services – be tasked with operations services including collateral management, settlement functions and credit operations. Medium-term plans call for the complete outsourcing of all servicing functions, including the separation of FMS-WM from the service entity. With respect to commoditized services, FMS-WM has commenced the search for one or more external partners through public tender processes. On November 2, 2012, FMS-WM entered into a framework agreement with IBM Deutschland GmbH, which will take over the provision of comprehensive information technology services as of October 1, 2013 at the latest. With respect to operations services, FMS-WM decided to halt the public tender process, following its decision to transfer these services to the separate service entity as described above.

FMS-WM’s Segments

As described above, FMS-WM’s portfolio is grouped into five segments – Commercial Real Estate, Workout, Infrastructure, Public Sector and Structured Products. The Commercial Real Estate and Workout segments are managed together and therefore described together in the following.

 

-21-


Table of Contents

Structured Products

As of December 31, 2011, the Structured Products segment comprised assets with a nominal value of EUR 42.2 billion, which accounted for about 26% of FMS-WM’s overall portfolio. The Structured Products segment includes practically all types of structured credit instruments from asset-backed securities, commercial and residential mortgage-backed securities or collateralized debt obligations to exotic interest, inflation and credit derivatives. The following chart reflects the proportion of the various asset classes in the segment.

 

LOGO

Many of the underlying assets of these structured products originated in the United States. Reports of rising defaults on US student loans, credit insurers that are in trouble or an increasing number of insolvencies among US municipalities as well as the ongoing weakness of the US real estate market may affect the value of these financial instruments and thus the assets of FMS-WM.

The Structured Products segment made only a very small contribution to the unwinding of the portfolio in 2011 as forced sales of the exposures would have been possible only at substantial discounts, due to, among other reasons, changed market conditions, sharp cuts in external ratings and the poor quality of the assets that serve as collateral for these securities.

A hold strategy is often the only option for preventing losses on sales because most structured products are highly illiquid securities, i.e., they are rarely traded in the market. In some cases it is possible to boost the value of a few assets by restructuring the transactions. Customer derivatives that were entered into with municipalities and cities in Europe and America present a particular challenge in this respect. Many of these derivatives must be restructured to maintain their value and minimize losses. In addition, any increase in non-performing exposures could trigger considerable workout efforts.

Infrastructure

As of December 31, 2011, the Infrastructure segment held 659 exposures with an aggregate nominal value of EUR 17.1 billion (roughly 11% of FMS-WM’s total portfolio), including corporate loans (approximately 40%), project financing (approximately 40%), acquisition funding (approximately 16%) and a smaller portion of asset-based loans. These exposures are spread across all five continents and encompass loans (approximately 60%) and securities (approximately 40%) which were used to finance seaports, airports, schools, hospitals and projects in the energy, transportation, water and waste removal as well as telecommunications sectors. Most of the loans in this segment have long maturities and were closed at low margins because many borrowers were either government or government-sponsored entities or are structures to which the public sector is a party in some other way, for instance as the entity that procures products and services.

The portfolio held by this segment was reduced by 73 exposures in 2011, corresponding to a reduction of about EUR 1 billion, or roughly 5.5%. It is very difficult to sell individual exposures or entire sub-portfolios because the initial assumptions that were made in many of these projects with respect to the degree of utilization or occupancy have in the meantime turned out to be too optimistic. Accordingly, FMS-WM has been focusing on restructuring individual transactions with the aim of improving the outlook for future sales. Envisioned restructuring measures may include injections of fresh equity capital by the debtors and / or the sponsors, the conversion of borrowings into equity capital or margin improvements and the reduction of contract maturities. Similarly, FMS-WM may try to negotiate an increase in procurement prices or usage fees with operators or municipalities in order to improve the profitability of such loans and thus the outlook for future sales. Other options include cash sweep mechanisms where the borrowers reduce dividend payouts in order to achieve early partial redemption.

 

-22-


Table of Contents

Public Sector

As of December 31, 2011, the Public Sector segment held assets with an aggregate nominal value of EUR 80.9 billion, accounting for approximately 50% of FMS-WM’s total portfolio. The assets held by the Public Sector segment are managed by two separate units: asset & public finance, which is in charge of assets relating to political subdivisions of states and governmental agencies, and sovereign finance, which manages the portfolio of bonds and loans issued directly by states.

As of December 31, 2011, asset & public finance managed a total of 1,245 exposures related to loans and securities with an aggregate outstanding amount of EUR 37.4 billion (approximately 23% of FMS-WM’s total portfolio). Borrowers include regions, cities, public-law institutions and government-sponsored entities, mainly in Europe. Asset & public finance focuses on identifying and measuring portfolio risks and on unwinding the portfolio in ways that maximize its value. Exposures with a recoverable market price that generate a positive return relative to book value may be sold.

Asset & public finance also actively engages in the restructuring of lending structures. Such restructurings often require long and complex negotiations with a diverse range of contracting parties in the public sector in order to avert defaults or to improve the liquidity of the portfolio.

The nervousness and volatility in the markets intensified at the end of 2011 on account of the European sovereign debt crisis and the crisis in Greece and made it more difficult to rapidly unwind the portfolio. The growing indebtedness of states, regions and local authorities along with market players’ increasing risk aversion have had a negative effect on debt servicing, requiring FMS-WM to set up risk provisions in individual cases.

As of December 31, 2011, sovereign finance managed securities and loans with an aggregate nominal value of approximately EUR 43.5 billion (approximately 27% of FMS-WM’s total portfolio). Sovereign finance deals with bonds and loans issued directly by state and federal governments. Highly indebted states of the European Union as well as Japan account for the majority of the portfolio.

The following chart presents the breakdown of the credit portfolio managed by sovereign finance based on internal rating classes that have been mapped to an S&P rating scale.

 

LOGO

In 2011, the primary focus was to minimize loss on Greek bonds and loans. In the first quarter of 2012, FMS-WM participated with bonds with an aggregate nominal amount of EUR 8.91 billion in the exchange of the Greek bonds subject to private sector involvement (PSI) at a rate of more than 90% of the portfolio. FMS-WM succeeded in selling exposures in a nominal value of EUR 654 million prior to the exchange with a present value benefit of more than EUR 65 million compared with the present value that would have been achieved in the exchange offer. Following the exchange, FMS-WM received new Greek bonds with a nominal value of EUR 2.6 billion as well as bonds issued by the EFSF with a nominal value of about EUR 1.4 billion. A total of EUR 8.9 billion in write-downs had to be taken on the Greece portfolio and related derivatives in 2011. For more information on these write-downs, see Financial Report – Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Risk Provisions and Net Income from Securities.”

Inflation-indexed government bonds that accounted for about 25% of the sovereign finance portfolio as of December 31, 2011 are another challenging component of the portfolio. In general, these are public sector bonds or loans with very long maturities where the redemption amount is linked to the inflation rate, potentially causing

 

-23-


Table of Contents

the nominal values of these bonds and loans to rise substantially over time. The nominal redemption amounts are not yet known because they are linked to future inflation rates, which means that this portfolio is exposed to considerable unknown risks. In most cases, such structures are characterized by low current interest payments and complex interest swap transactions, some of which substantially increase the risk of default over time. FMS-WM aims to reduce the risks associated with inflation-indexed government bonds, for example by negotiating with the debt agencies of the individual governments in question.

FMS-WM is working to improve its position in the medium and long term. To that end, FMS-WM negotiates directly with the issuers of the bonds or the counterparties of hedging transactions with the aim of unwinding, simplifying or untangling complex coupon or derivatives structures.

Identifying options for unwinding portfolio positions is another main tasks. With the exception of Japan, only a few active portfolio wind-up successes have been achieved with respect to sovereign finance’s roughly 250 exposures. This was due to the fact that the achievable sales proceeds of nearly all bonds were below the book value such that the exposures could have only been unwound at a loss. The strategy of holding exposures to maturity has turned out to be effective in the case of bonds with shorter maturities. Sovereign finance’s portfolio generated a total of EUR 1.1 billion in redemption payments during 2011.

Commercial Real Estate, Workout

As of December 31, 2011, the Commercial Real Estate segment held assets with an aggregate nominal value of EUR 14.4 billion, accounting for approximately 9% of FMS-WM’s total portfolio, and the Workout segment held assets with an aggregate nominal value of EUR 6.1 billion, accounting for approximately 4% of FMS-WM’s total portfolio.

FMS-WM’s Commercial Real Estate and Workout segments are managed together by FMS-WM’s commercial real estate units. The combined portfolio of the two segments had a volume of about EUR 27.2 billion when it was transferred in October 2010. It was reduced to approximately 1,100 counterparties and a volume of EUR 20.5 billion as of December 31, 2011, corresponding to a net reduction of approximately EUR 6.7 billion.

Mortgage-backed commercial real estate loans account for most of the global portfolio. Among other items, this portfolio encompasses loans for office properties in European metropolitan areas, Asia or the United States; loans for shopping centers, hotels and nursing homes; or residential portfolios in Europe, both in Germany and other European countries. It also includes a number of exotic financing packages such as the financing for a vacation resort requiring renovations or the partial funding of a yacht harbor.

As of December 31, 2011, there was no imminent need to act on many of these loan exposures because interest payments were generally being made, as were some principal payments. The portfolio, however, contains a number of at-risk loans. The complexity of the existing funding structures is one of the major challenges of this portfolio aside from the fact that the commercial real estate market (and its financing structures) was weak in many countries as of the date of this prospectus. Many of the major exposures entail syndicated loans where FMS-WM is acting as a junior lender. In general, the other parties to the consortium are not winding-up institutions and thus have different interests, for instance because they want to continue engaging in new business with the relevant borrower. Some of the loan exposures comprise complex hedges (e.g., interest, currency or inflation-linked swaps), which, in some cases, would have to be unwound before the exposure could be sold.

FMS-WM aims to stabilize exposures in order to enable (i) redemptions at a later date, (ii) the sale of loans or collateral or (iii) their restructuring. Another key element of the wind-up activities is the identification of market opportunities as well as the development and assessment of exit options in order to contribute to the unwinding of the portfolio.

In some cases, FMS-WM carries out foreclosures. In rare cases, so-called rescue acquisitions are made, where FMS-WM takes over the property concerned with the aim of selling it in a timely manner after suitable restructuring measures. In all of these cases, loss minimization is the guiding principle.

Due to the challenging situation in the global real estate markets in particular in the second half of 2011, it was difficult if not impossible to fund exposures in FMS-WM’s portfolio through other lenders; in some cases FMS-WM thus had to grant extensions of the initial loan maturities in order to avert large losses. Given the high

 

-24-


Table of Contents

discounts that currently apply to the sale of loans, the focus was on hold and restructure strategies as of the date of this prospectus. This focus could change as soon as the market environment improves. Market conditions are, however, expected to remain difficult throughout 2012 and will pose major challenges for borrowers to refinance their debt as it comes due.

Winding-Up the Portfolio

The portfolio assumed by FMS-WM is managed and liquidated in accordance with a winding-up plan (Abwicklungsplan), which describes the wind-up measures FMS-WM intends to take and includes a timeline for liquidation measures relating to the risk positions and non-strategic assets/businesses. The winding-up plan is proposed by FMS-WM’s Executive Board and adopted by the Supervisory Board. In accordance with its charter, FMS-WM submits monthly reports to the FMSA, which include information on the process of recovery and liquidation under the winding-up plan. In its supervisory capacity, the FMSA has the right to request changes to the winding-up plan and approves and supervises FMS-WM’s implementation of the winding-up plan as well as any deviations from, or amendments to, the winding-up plan. FMS-WM monitors prevailing market conditions on an ongoing basis to determine whether the winding-up plan needs to be adapted.

During the course of 2011, FMS-WM reviewed and amended its winding-up plan. The original winding-up plan that was designed by HRE sought a reduction in the portfolio by approximately 70% prior to 2020. It was based on the assumption that the remaining assets could then be sold at their then current book value. In-depth analysis of the portfolio has, however, shown that a fixed wind-up horizon might lead to unnecessary losses. For this reason, the Management Board of FMS-WM has agreed with both the Supervisory Board and FMSA that the following principle shall apply to the unwinding of the portfolio: “Value maximization has precedence over a fixed wind-up horizon.” It is FMS-WM’s stated goal therefore to achieve the largest possible wind-up volume in ways that maximize value. Based on this goal, FMS-WM may hold assets, sell assets or engage in restructuring, wind-up and reorganization measures.

The winding-up plan has been designed with a view to ensuring that FMS-WM at all times has sufficient liquidity to cover its three-month liquidity requirements under stress scenario assumptions over the entire wind-up period, independently of SoFFin’s duty to provide liquidity to FMS-WM and to offset losses incurred by it. It also provides that, in principle, FMS-WM may not engage in new business with the exception of refinancing and hedging transactions and selected new business that reduces portfolio risks in a cost efficient manner (e.g., prolongations as well as selective restructuring measures).

The process of selling individual assets follows detailed, fixed instructions. For instance, a sale has to be based on offers from several bidders and deviations from this process are only permitted under special circumstances. The sales process aims to ensure verification and documentation that bids reflect market prices.

Since taking over the portfolio from the HRE Group, the portfolio’s nominal value has been reduced from EUR 175.7 billion to EUR 160.7 billion by the end of 2011. This corresponds to a reduction of 8.5%. Of the cumulative reduction in the portfolio by EUR 19.6 billion by December 31, 2011, active sales accounted for EUR 2.4 billion and contractual redemptions and amortizations accounted for the remainder of EUR 17.2 billion. Countervailing currency effects of EUR 4.6 billion partially offset the cumulative portfolio reduction of EUR 19.6 billion.

The following table shows the reconciliation of the nominal value of the portfolio excluding derivatives from the transfer date (October 1, 2010) to total assets as of December 31, 2011 (translated at exchange rates as of December 31, 2011):

 

     As of December 31,
2011
 
     (unaudited)  
     (€ in billions)  

Wind-up portfolio commitment as of October 1, 2010

     175.7   

– Cumulative portfolio wind-up

     –19.6   

+ Currency effects

     +4.6   
  

 

 

 

Wind-up portfolio commitment as of December 31, 2011

     160.7   

– Undrawn credit lines and guarantees

     –7.0   

+ Portfolio of own issues(1)

     +129.0   

+ Other receivables incl. portions thereof(2)

     +59.1   
  

 

 

 

Total assets as of December 31, 2011

     341.8   
  

 

 

 

 

(1) Nominal value before accrued interest.
(2) Mainly contains the cash collateral for derivatives, amortized cost of derivatives taken over, liquidity facilities, current credit balances, accrued interest and loss compensation claims against SoFFin.

 

-25-


Table of Contents

Based on nominal values broken down by segment, the portfolio was reduced as follows from October 1, 2010 to December 31, 2011 (translated at exchange rates as of December 31, 2011):

 

     October 1, 2010      Portfolio wind-up      Currency effects      December 31, 2011  
     (unaudited)  
     (€ in billions)  

Structured Products

     44.0         –3.4         +1.6         42.2   

Infrastructure

     18.1         –1.6         +0.6         17.1   

Public Sector

     86.4         –7.4         +1.9         80.9   

Commercial Real Estate

     19.9         –5.8         +0.3         14.4   

Workout

     7.3         –1.4         +0.2         6.1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     175.7         –19.6         +4.6         160.7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table shows the remaining maturities of the assets broken down by segments as of December 31, 2011:

 

     2011–2015      2016–2020      2021–2030      2031–2040      After 2040  
     (unaudited)  
     (€ in billions)  

Structured Products

     5         6         9         9         13   

Infrastructure

     3         1         3         3         6   

Public Sector

     13         21         16         23         8   

Commercial Real Estate

     13         1         0         0         0   

Workout

     6         0         0         0         0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     39         30         28         36         27   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Exposure to Troubled Sovereigns and Concentration Risks

The portfolio of FMS-WM contains several significant concentration risks, including those in sovereign debt exposures. For more information on the breakdown of FMS-WM’s credit portfolio by countries and regions, see Risk Report – Counterparty default risks – Breakdown of credit portfolio by countries and regions.”

The example of Greece shows that such concentration risks, which are vulnerable to macroeconomic or systemic risks, can cause significant losses in FMS-WM’s portfolio. Write-downs related to Greece burdened FMS-WM’s results of operations in 2011. The loss from ordinary activities of EUR 10 billion was mainly due to write-downs on the Greece portfolio, which amounted to EUR 8.9 billion in fiscal 2011. For more information on the impact of FMS-WM’s exposure to Greece, see Financial Report – Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Risk provisions and net income from securities.”

In addition to Greece, there are major concentrations in the portfolio related to the other “PIIGS” countries (i.e., Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece, Spain), particularly in the Public Sector segment.

The following table shows a break-down of FMS-WM’s exposure at default by sector for bonds and loans concerning the PIIGS countries, including information on related microhedges, as of December 31, 2011.

 

     Bonds & Loans per Sector             Microhedges  

Country(1)

   Gross
sovereign
     Other
public
borrowers
     Financial
institutions
     Non-financial
corporations
     Total per
country
     Negative
value based on
mark-to-market
measurement
    Positive value
based on
mark-to-market
measurement
     Total per
country
 
     (unaudited)  
     (€ in millions)  

Greece

     8,740         —           —           1,682         10,423         (413     —           (413

Ireland

     —           836         904         538         2,278         (174     —           (174

Italy

     26,275         6,027         360         1,342         34,004         (3,518     1         (3,517

Portugal

     965         917         206         236         2,324         (151     —           (151

Spain

     1,485         4,269         1,815         3,198         10,767         (281     —           (281
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     37,466         12,049         3,284         6,996         59,795         (4,537     1         (4,536
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) The allocation is based on the country of the economic risk (e.g., location of the collateral), which may be different from the legal domicile of the debtor/issuer in individual cases.

 

-26-


Table of Contents

Apart from sovereign exposures, other segments of the portfolio, such as Infrastructure and Commercial Real Estate, are sensitive to macroeconomic fluctuations as well. A swift unwinding of concentration risks would, however, lead to the realization of substantial losses due to unrealized losses in FMS-WM’s portfolio that have not yet been reflected in the value of FMS-WM’s assets. Since the unwinding of the portfolio is to be carried out with a long-term perspective aimed at preserving as much value as possible, portfolio management has to solve the problem of the portfolio’s sensitivity to recessions and crises as part of a longer-term strategy. Among other things, foreseeable losses on sales of exposures are compared with estimated potential losses from possible future crises. FMS-WM bases its portfolio management decisions on analyses of the fundamentals of the corresponding credit and market risks, complemented by financial and statistical valuation models.

Treasury, Capital Markets Funding

FMS-WM engages in funding activities, including the issuing of debt securities and/or obtaining financing from financial institutions, in order to refinance funding instruments associated with the assumed portfolio as they expire. FMS-WM will have to engage in refinancing activities on the capital markets until its portfolio has been liquidated. FMS-WM monitors its financing needs and liquidity requirements by means of a liquidity management system similar to the ones used by financial institutions. FMS-WM seeks to ensure that it has sufficient liquidity to cover its three-month liquidity requirements under stress scenario assumptions at all times.

Treasury

Treasury core tasks are short-term liquidity management and the management of interest rate and foreign exchange risks.

As part of its short-term liquidity management, FMS-WM utilizes instruments with maturities of up to one year. In 2011, FMS-WM’s treasury operations instituted a number of money market programs. FMS-WM is focused on a broadly diversified funding structure. Examples of this approach include its European Commercial Paper / Certificates of Deposit program (ECP/CD program) having a volume of EUR 28.4 billion as of December 31, 2011 and the US Asset Backed Commercial Paper program (US ABCP program), used for funding the transferred USD portfolio, having a volume of EUR 14.5 billion as of December 31, 2011.

This expansion of money market funding substantially helped FMS-WM to return the SoFFin guarantees in the spring of 2011 and reduce central bank funding in the course of 2011 (from EUR 93 billion as of December 31, 2010 to EUR 35.2 billion as of December 31, 2011).

In addition, FMS-WM’s treasury group is responsible for improving FMS-WM’s funding structure on an ongoing basis with the aim of generating positive contributions to FMS-WM’s earnings. In 2011, FMS-WM’s treasury group took the lead in renegotiating the master agreements for derivatives and repos, achieving significant reductions in the need for liquidity and thus costs.

Interest rate and foreign exchange risks are managed in a centralized fashion on an income-oriented basis guided by a risk aversion policy within the limit system. The aim is to minimize the fluctuations in the fair value and profit / loss due to market risks. To this end, treasury enters into hedging transactions for individual exposures (micro hedges) or at the portfolio level (macro hedges).

Capital Markets Funding

Capital markets funding’s main task is to raise long-term funds in the international capital markets. Maturities generally range from one to ten years, with the majority of bonds having a three to five years’ tenor. FMS-WM aims to raise between EUR 20 billion and EUR 25 billion in capital market issues annually, seeking to achieve a balanced refinancing mix that contains a substantial portion of term funding within the next three years. In 2011, FMS-WM successfully placed about EUR 21 billion in issues with maturities of one to ten years.

FMS-WM issued three strategic benchmark bonds with a volume of up to EUR 3 billion in 2011. These benchmark offerings were supplemented by other non-benchmark public transactions (with a volume of up to EUR 1.5 billion) and private placements. FMS-WM’s bonds are being offered in a broader range of other currencies, e. g. USD and GBP, in order to fund the wind-up portfolio at matching currencies.

 

-27-


Table of Contents

SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The following selected financial information has been derived from the financial statements prepared by FMS-WM for the year ended December 31, 2011. FMS-WM’s financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Section 8a (1) sentence 10 in conjunction with Section 3a (4) of the FMStFG and the supplementary provisions of its charter pursuant to the provisions of the HGB for large corporations, the supplementary provisions of the HGB for credit institutions and financial services institutions as well as the requirements of the RechKredV. These accounting principles apply to other types of German financial institutions that do not prepare their annual financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP or IFRS and have not been specifically designed for FMS-WM. German GAAP differs in certain significant respects from U.S. GAAP and IFRS, and, as a result, FMS-WM’s financial statements included in this prospectus may differ substantially from financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP or IFRS.

FMS-WM’s financial statements included in this prospectus were audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers Aktiengesellschaft Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft. The audit was conducted in accordance with Section 317 of the German Commercial Code and the German generally accepted standards for the audit of financial statements promulgated by the IDW.

The selected financial information should be read in conjunction with FMS-WM’s audited financial statements and notes thereto and with the section entitled “Financial Report – Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations” in this prospectus.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
          2010(1)             2011      
     (audited)  
     (€ in millions)  

Income Statement Data:

    

Net interest income

     146.0        552.6   

Net commission income

     (86.3     58.9   

General and administrative expenses

     (128.9     (347.0

Risk provisions

     (2,970.7     (10,254.5

Result from ordinary activities

     (3,040.9     (9,960.8

Income from loss absorption

     3,038.9        9,969.0   

Net income/loss for the fiscal year

     (2.0     —     

 

(1) As FMS-WM only commenced operations on July 8, 2010, the 2010 fiscal year only covers the period from July 8, 2010 through December 31, 2010.

 

     As of December 31,  
     2010      2011  
     (audited)  
     (€ in millions)  

Balance Sheet Data:

     

Total assets

     333,286.7         341,765.8   

Liabilities to banks

     165,610.6         112,580.2   

Liabilities to customers

     2,449.9         21,561.4   

Securitized liabilities

     139,651.2         181,557.9   

Fiduciary liabilities

     0.5         0.5   

Other liabilities

     1,330.4         1,726.8   

Deferred income

     23,873.2         22,242.9   

Provisions

     370.8         2,096.2   

Equity

     —           —     

 

     Year ended December 31,  
          2010(1)              2011      
     (unaudited)  
     (€ in billions)  

Wind-up:

     

Nominal portfolio value (begin of period)

     175.7         174.3   

Nominal portfolio value (end of period)

     174.3         160.7   

Reduction (including currency effects)

     1.4         13.6   

 

(1) As FMS-WM only commenced operations on July 8, 2010, the 2010 fiscal year only covers the period from July 8, 2010 through December 31, 2010.

 

-28-


Table of Contents
     Year ended December 31,  
          2010(1)             2011      
     (audited)  
     (€ in millions)  

Cash Flow Data:

    

Cash funds at beginning of period

     —          3,010.0   

Cash flows from operating activities

     3,338.8        (3,336.5

Cash flows from investment activities

     (330.8     (0.8

Cash flows from financing activities

     2.0        3,068.8   

Cash funds at end of period

     3,010.0        2,741.5   

 

(1) As FMS-WM only commenced operations on July 8, 2010, the 2010 fiscal year only covers the period from July 8, 2010 through December 31, 2010.

 

-29-


Table of Contents

ECONOMIC CONDITIONS AND MARKET DEVELOPMENTS

The following sections contain an overview of economic conditions and market developments, which affected the value of FMS-WM’s portfolio and its business in general in 2011.

Economic Developments in Key Regions

The global economy’s strong momentum at the start of 2011 – driven by expanding global trade and rising industrial production – gave way during the year to an increasingly sluggish pace. Starting in the fall of 2010, the economy was held back by an increase in both crude oil and food prices. In the spring of 2011, this development was intensified by supply-side shocks in both the automotive and the technology sector owing to the catastrophes in Japan (earthquake, tsunami and nuclear catastrophe), which impacted various industrial countries via the global supply chain. In the summer of 2011, the euro area’s sovereign debt crisis worsened again. The resulting austerity programs, lower asset values, tightened credit requirements and heightened uncertainties due to growing tensions in the financial markets put yet more pressure on the already bleak economic outlook. As a result, global growth and global trade also began to weaken.

Over the course of 2011, the capital markets were increasingly affected by the euro area’s sovereign debt crisis. The demand by both the European Union (“EU”) and the International Monetary Fund (“IMF”) that the private sector make a substantial contribution to rescuing Greece as a prerequisite for additional financial aid had a major impact. The uncertainties, however, were not confined to Greece alone. In the course of 2011, Portugal (which had to apply for aid under the EFSF), Italy and Spain (both of whose risk premiums rose substantially) as well as other euro area states (whose debt ratings had been downgraded) were significantly affected by the crisis. Investors turned increasingly to the continually shrinking class of prime liquid assets, depressing their yields as a result, and leading to a sharp increase in the yields on government bonds of peripheral euro area states. Subsequently, yield spreads widened to new highs since the founding of the European currency union. The measures that European Heads of State and Government adopted at the EU summits in both July 2011 and October 2011 did not succeed in reassuring investors. Only changes of government in Spain, Greece and Italy along with an increased focus on austerity measures and structural reforms, as well as the ECB’s ever-widening liquidity facilities and announcement of three-year tenders at the end of 2011, helped to ease the situation.

Real Estate Markets

Real estate markets worldwide developed heterogeneously in 2011. Markets in Northern and Western Europe as well as in parts of Eastern Europe stabilized to a large extent while markets in Southern Europe (especially Italy, Spain and Portugal) were largely shunned by investors due to uncertainties in the macroeconomic environment and thus recorded less transactions. This development also resulted in higher vacancy rates and rising initial yields.

The US real estate market regained its momentum in 2011. Rising rentals (particularly in the centers of large metropolitan areas) had a positive impact on vacancy rates. Rising demand for commercial space in 2011 caused a slight increase in commercial rents. This positive trend had, however, only a very limited impact outside major cities.

In 2011, Germany attracted strong demand from both domestic and foreign investors, especially in the retail and residential rental markets. Demand for retail space was particularly high because consumption in Germany remained stable compared to other countries and because this class of investments was perceived to offer protection against inflation due to the clauses in German leases that link the rent to inflation. The rising demand focused particularly on prime properties in good locations, preferably in Western Germany.

There was also strong demand for residential properties, especially in large West German metropolitan areas such as Munich and Hamburg. At these locations, market rate rents rose sharply; in turn, this triggered rising purchase prices and thus declining initial yields. In the office properties market, vacancy rates stabilized, especially in top locations, and rents rose slightly. Investors remained highly selective in these investment classes too, with most of the interest focused on prime or new properties with long-term leases in large West German metropolitan areas. Older properties in less desirable locations were extremely difficult to market or finance. In the logistics properties market, only newly constructed properties with long-term leases and good connections to the German highway system were in demand in 2011.

 

-30-


Table of Contents

Overall, the number of market participants in the commercial real estate sector has declined compared to the levels of 2005 through 2007. Both investors and banks focused on prime properties in good to excellent locations. Leveraged investors became less active, leaving the market to risk-averse investors such as real estate companies or pension funds.

Infrastructure Markets

The economic success of infrastructure projects tends to hinge mainly on external factors such as GDP growth, the unemployment rate and consumer price indices. The use of toll roads, tunnels or multi-story car parks generally correlates more strongly with local and national developments while capacity utilization of airports or seaports usually correlates more strongly with global demand.

In 2011, the volume of infrastructure financing rose worldwide, with Asia and Europe accounting for most of the transactions. The focus was on the energy and transportation sector. Investments in renewable energies accounted for the lion’s share of this growth. The effects of the global financial markets crisis had an impact on infrastructure funding. For example, lenders had to extend existing funding contracts for highly leveraged projects because there were no other funding sources.

In Europe, particularly the ratings of projects in states with extremely high levels of sovereign debt (Greece, Portugal, Spain, Italy and Ireland) deteriorated. In the United Kingdom, a variety of privately funded public infrastructure projects were completed. Attempts by politicians to cut health care costs have a particularly strong impact on projects, where the amount of availability payments is contingent on confirmation by public agencies of satisfactory performance.

Numerous market participants tried to liquidate funding contracts in their portfolios. This trend was due to the strategic realignment of major corporations in the industry, which pulled out of certain sectors, and especially banks, which had to lower their loan exposures and thus their total equity and liabilities due to tightened capital adequacy requirements. This led to pressure to sell and correspondingly low prices for such loans, and there was little incentive to enter into new funding arrangements.

While the need for investments in the public infrastructure is expected to remain very high in North America, there were very few new public-private partnerships. Rising commodities prices, among others for coal, as well as lower electricity prices had a considerable negative impact on the profitability of some projects in the energy sector. Nevertheless, energy-related projects (solar and wind) dominated the few newly funded projects and acquisition financing.

In Asia, the continued growth in industrial production triggered higher demand for energy and thus the need to launch new energy projects such as gas power plant construction.

Financial Institutions and Covered Bonds

Following a positive first quarter, prices of bank bonds deteriorated until the end of 2011 due to the intensifying European sovereign debt crisis and the weakened global economic outlook. The results of the second stress test conducted by the European Banking Authority (“EBA”), which included the holdings of government bonds in banks’ balance sheets, did not reassure the markets as hoped. Only the ECB’s announcement in the last quarter of 2011 of an unlimited three-year tender program succeeded in slowing down the increase in risk premiums. Over the medium term, the risk premiums for bank bonds are expected to remain high as the European sovereign debt crisis remains to be solved. The liquidity injected into the system by means of the three-year tender will reduce the pressure on banks to refinance and lift the prices of short-term investments.

The markets remain confident that the default level in the covered bond segment will be very low. This market segment turned out to be more resilient in 2011 than the market for bearer bonds. Compared to unsecured investments, covered bonds are expected to continue to show lower volatility and significantly lower discounts and are expected to benefit from the liquidity injections.

Public Sector

The European sovereign debt crisis, which focused increasingly on Greece from early 2011 on, widened in the fourth quarter of 2011. The debt instruments and loans issued by the peripheral euro area states were highly volatile and subject to ever increasing risk premiums. Investors’ focus shifted to Italy because confidence in the Berlusconi government had dwindled. The Republic of Ireland, however, managed to lower its risk premiums thanks to the surpluses from its export industry and further recapitalization of its banks.

 

-31-


Table of Contents

Outside of Western Europe, emerging market issuers were affected by increased risk aversion. Individual Eastern European states, in particular those countries that do not cooperate with the IMF, were negatively affected by substantial increases in their funding rates.

In Japan, the willingness by local banks to assume the credit risks of domestic state and state-sponsored entities remained very high in 2011.

ABS Markets

The secondary markets in various sectors of the asset-backed securities showed different trends in 2011. While the US market for private residential properties in part continued to follow a downward trend – with corresponding effects on the residential mortgage-backed securities market – the commercial mortgage-backed securities paper sector in the US showed signs of stabilization.

The downgrade by rating agencies of the ratings of both the United States (as the guarantor of paper backed by US student loans) and various banks (as the providers of swaps) triggered a wave of downgrades of student-loan asset-backed securities, in turn widening spread levels. Demand from investors remained low, as it was still not clear how the phase-out of the Federal Family Education Loan Program and the attempts to consolidate the United States’ sovereign debt will affect the market for existing securities.

The European asset-backed securities market was still affected by the European sovereign debt crisis in 2011, resulting in an outflow of liquidity that continued to have a negative impact on the prices of asset-backed securities from peripheral euro area states. This trend primarily affected mortgage-backed securities, while public-sector asset-backed securities remained more stable.

 

-32-


Table of Contents

FINANCIAL REPORT – NET ASSETS, FINANCIAL POSITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The 2010 comparative figures in the discussion below have been taken from FMS-WM’s annual report as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011. Due to the following reason, the originally published figures as of and for the year ended December 31, 2010 were adjusted in the annual financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011: in case of netting agreements, cash collateral provided or received in connection with financial derivatives, is shown in the annual financial statements as of December 31, 2011 netted for each counterparty, either under loans and advances to banks (net cash collateral provided) or under liabilities to banks (net cash collateral received). In the annual financial statements as of and for the period ended December 31, 2010, such cash collateral has not been netted. The respective balances as of December 31, 2010 have been adjusted accordingly to match this approach as disclosed in the condensed half-year interim financial statements as of June 30, 2011. As a result, the 2010 comparative figures for loans and advances to banks and liabilities to banks, as well as total assets, were lowered by EUR 24,466 million in each case compared to the numbers disclosed in FMS-WM’s annual report as of and for the year ended December 31, 2010. This did not have any other effects on the net assets of FMS-WM and did not have any effect on its financial position and results of operations.

Net Assets

The asset transfer from the HRE Group as of October 1, 2010 had a major impact on the net assets of FMS-WM as of December 31, 2010 and 2011. FMS-WM took over assets, liabilities, provisions, accrued and deferred items, derivative financial instruments as well as other executory contracts from the transferring legal entities for accounting purposes effective October 1, 2010.

Taking contingent liabilities and other liabilities into account, FMS-WM posted a transaction volume (total equity and liabilities plus contingent liabilities plus other obligations) of EUR 357,740 million as of December 31, 2011 compared to a transaction volume of EUR 352,274 million as of December 31, 2010. The table below provides an overview of the amount and composition of FMS-WM’s balance sheet as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 (numbers may not add up due to rounding differences):

 

     As of December 31,  
     2010      2011  
     (€ in millions)  

Assets

     

Loans and advances to banks

     43,287         49,609   

Loans and advances to customers

     34,812         29,259   

Debt instruments

     243,776         244,990   

Other long-term equity investments

     7         7   

Shares in affiliated companies

     316         387   

Intangible and tangible fixed assets

     2         3   

Other assets

     3,069         9,985   

Prepaid expenses

     8,018         7,526   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Totals assets

     333,287         341,766   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     As of December 31,  
     2010      2011  
     (€ in millions)  

Equity and liabilities

     

Liabilities to banks

     165,611         112,580   

Liabilities to customers

     2,450         21,562   

Securitized liabilities

     139,651         181,558   

Other liabilities

     1,331         1,727   

Deferred income

     23,873         22,243   

Provisions

     371         2,096   

Equity

     —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total equity and liabilities

     333,287         341,766   

Contingent liabilities

     16,829         11,672   

Other obligations

     2,158         4,302   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Transaction volume

     352,274         357,740   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

-33-


Table of Contents

Lending Business

The transferred risk positions that arise from the underlying lending business encompass receivables, disbursement obligations under irrevocable loan commitments and guarantees. Some of the contingent liabilities stem from guarantees granted by FMS-WM for certain assets that are being held by the HRE Group companies and were not transferred to FMS-WM.

The lending business had a volume of EUR 88,735 million as of December 31, 2011, compared to a volume of EUR 89,541 million as of December 31, 2010, and was broken down into the following balance sheet and below-the-line items:

 

         As of December 31,      
       2010          2011    
     (unaudited)  
     (in € millions)  

Loans and advances to banks

     43,287         49,609   

Loans and advances to customers

     34,812         29,259   

Contingent liabilities (excluding credit default swaps)

     9,284         5,565   

Other obligations

     2,158         4,302   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Lending business

     89,541         88,735   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2010, contingent liabilities included potential liabilities under guarantees in the amount of EUR 11,672 million (December 31, 2010: EUR 16,829 million) as well as under irrevocable loan commitments in the amount of EUR 4,302 million (December 31, 2010: EUR 2,158 million).

The line item “other obligations” shows FMS-WM’s irrevocable loan commitments. The 2011 figure for irrevocable loan commitments (EUR 4,302 million) includes liquidity facilities amounting to EUR 3,008 million that were made to both PBB and Depfa in connection with the transfer of the economic risk of exposures by means of guarantees as defined in Section 8a of the FMStFG.

Securities Holdings

Holdings of securities in the amount of EUR 244,990 million were recognized as debt instruments as of December 31, 2011, including debt instruments issued by FMS-WM of EUR 129,220 million that were repurchased. These holdings of debt instruments issued by FMS-WM solely include marketable bonds and other fixed-income securities, which are classified as holdings of financial investments. All holdings of securities are hedged against interest rate and foreign exchange risks through the use of derivatives. EUR 127,728 million in securities, including own debt instruments and other securities, were sold under repo agreements for funding purposes during 2011.

Shares in Affiliated Companies and Other Long-Term Equity Investments

As of December 31, 2011, a total book value of EUR 394 million (December 31, 2010: EUR 323 million) was recognized for shares in affiliated companies and other long-term equity investments that were transferred by the HRE Group. Major equity investments concern Hypo Real Estate Capital Corp., New York, and WH-Erste Grundstücks GmbH & Co. KG, Schönefeld. Aside from currency effects, changes during fiscal 2011 resulted from two contributions in kind to an affiliate, Hypo Real Estate Capital Corp., New York. The two contributions in kind led in total to an increase of the book value of FMS-WM’s shareholdings in Hypo Real Estate Capital Corp. by USD 81.5 million. In the short 2010 fiscal year, the affiliate Zamara Investment Ltd. was liquidated.

Liabilities

Issuing bonds and engaging in repos in accordance with FMS-WM’s funding strategy has a significant impact on the following balance sheet items: (i) liabilities to banks, (ii) liabilities to customers and (iii) securitized liabilities.

As of December 31, 2011, FMS-WM recognized securitized liabilities of EUR 181,558 million (December 31, 2010: EUR 139,651 million). In that connection, the holdings of FMS-WM’s own debt issues as of December 31, 2011 were EUR 152,740 million (December 31, 2010: EUR 124,475 million). This made it possible to repay issues for which SoFFin had assumed a guarantee. Own debt instruments were bought back in

 

-34-


Table of Contents

the amount of EUR 129,220 million (including pro rata interest) in fiscal 2011 (2010: 115,744 million). Own issues repurchased are reported in the balance sheet item, Debt instruments. As of December 31, 2011, this item also contained EUR 28,413 million in European Commercial Paper (“ECP”) issued in fiscal 2011 under the ECB’s new program.

In the short 2010 fiscal year, FMS-WM floated debt instruments with a total volume of EUR 124,475 million and unwound issues that had been transferred to it and guaranteed by SoFFin. Of the securitized liabilities recognized as of December 31, 2010 (EUR 139,651 million), EUR 115,744 million in FMS-WM debt issuances (including pro rata interest) were repurchased. The own issues repurchased are reported in the balance sheet as debt instruments.

For further details please see “Issuing Activity and Funding.”

Prepaid Expenses and Deferred Income

The total of EUR 7,526 million in prepaid expenses as of December 31, 2011 (December 31, 2010: EUR 8,018 million), contained EUR 5,996 million in costs for purchasing the derivatives transferred as of October 1, 2010 that had not yet been amortized. Prepaid expenses of EUR 1,423 million from the lending business also included the deferred payments that FMS-WM made in fiscal 2010 for the adjustments in the hedges of the underlying transactions (loans and advances) taken over from the HRE Group in 2010.

Of the EUR 22,243 million in deferred income as of December 31, 2011 (December 31, 2010: EUR 23,873 million), EUR 22,163 million resulted from purchase costs not yet amortized in connection with the derivatives taken over as of October 1, 2010 from the transferring HRE Group companies. The book values of these financial instruments at the transfer date resulted, in particular, from the negative fair values of the financial instruments used to hedge interest rate risks.

Equity and Loss Compensation Claim

The capital base of FMS-WM is structured as follows:

HRE and PBB each made an equity contribution of EUR 1 million to FMS-WM in connection with the spin-off pursuant to Section 8a (1) and (8) FMStFG in conjunction with Section 123 (2) No. 1 and 131 of the German Transformation Act (Umwandlungsgesetz).

HRE also spun off a claim against SoFFin to FMS-WM with regard to a contribution of EUR 2,080 million to be provided by SoFFin. This amount was paid to FMS-WM in the third quarter of 2011 and recognized in income in the 2011 annual financial statements. The contribution is contained in the income statement item, Income from loss compensation.

In 2011, SoFFin’s obligation to cover FMS-WM losses was accounted for by recognizing a claim to loss compensation in the amount of EUR 9,969 million (2010: EUR 3,039 million) in the income statement. For more information on SoFFin’s loss compensation obligation, see “Responsibility of the Federal Republic for FMS-WM.”

In March 2012, HRE made a payment of EUR 623 million to FMS-WM pursuant to a payment obligation imposed by the FMSA on HRE in August 2011. The payment will lead to the corresponding reduction at FMS-WM of the claim to loss compensation against FMSA for fiscal 2012.

Financial Position

The transfer of assets and liabilities from the HRE Group included the transfers of short-term funds. Some of these holdings were repaid in connection with the restructuring of the funds and replaced by new FMS-WM issues. Securitized liabilities of EUR 181,558 million were recognized as of December 31, 2011 in connection with FMS-WM’s debt issuances, the ECP program and accrued interest (December 31, 2010: EUR 139,651 million in connection with FMS-WM’s own issues). FMS-WM had issued EUR 152,740 million in own debt instruments as of December 31, 2011 (December 31, 2010: EUR 124,475 million); of this amount, EUR 129,220 million (including pro rata interest) (December 31, 2010: EUR 115,744 million) were repurchased and reported in the balance sheet under the item debt instruments.

 

-35-


Table of Contents

Issuing Activity and Funding

In 2011, its first full fiscal year of operations, FMS-WM succeeded in achieving its objectives under its funding and investor relations strategy. The overriding aim is to ensure the solvency of FMS-WM at all times. This is accomplished by utilizing a broadly diversified funding structure, characterized by a wide range of products and the continuous expansion of a highly diversified, international investor base.

In the money market, the product range is comprised of the following instruments:

 

   

Euro CP/CD Program;

 

   

USD Asset Backed CP Program;

 

   

Repos (bilateral, tri-party and Eurex repos);

 

   

Deposits from institutional investors; and

 

   

Indirect funding from the central bank.

The rapid and sustained development of FMS-WM’s own money market instruments enabled it to substantially reduce the amount of funds it drew directly from the ECB in 2011. They amounted to EUR 35.2 billion as of December 31, 2011 (December 31, 2010: EUR 93.3 billion).

Capital market funding is based on strategic benchmark issues, public-sector issues and private placements. These three funding methods differ in volume, price and secondary market liquidity. FMS-WM generally does not issue structured products but it can issue in a broad range of currencies – mainly USD, GBP, JPY and AUD besides the EUR.

The total 2011 issuance volume of all capital market instruments amounted to EUR 20.8 billion, with issuances in EUR dominating the funding activities, as expected. In this context the successful issuance of three strategic benchmark bonds (with maturities of 3, 5 and 10 years) to a broad range of investors and regions was of particular relevance. In 2010, the total issuance volume of all capital market instruments was insignificant.

FMS-WM plans to increase the capital markets’ share of total funding in the coming years.

Results of Operations

The results of operations are basically determined by the valuations carried out, as well as current expenses and income related to the risk positions transferred by the HRE Group. FMS-WM has accounted for the expenses and income arising from the transferred risk positions starting October 1, 2010.

FMS-WM posted a negative result of EUR 9,961 million from ordinary activities for fiscal 2011 (2010: negative result of EUR 3,041 million), and income of EUR 9,969 million from loss absorption under SoFFin’s loss compensation obligation (2010: EUR 3,039 million), taking the shareholder’s contribution of EUR 2,080 million into account. The resulting net accumulated losses amounted to EUR 2 million in fiscal 2011 (2010: EUR 2 million).

The results of operations in fiscal 2011 were dominated by valuation allowances on the Greece portfolio. Without these effects, FMS-WM would have posted a loss of EUR 1,045 million from ordinary activities.

 

-36-


Table of Contents

The table below provides an overview of the structure of the result from ordinary activities based on the items of the income statement. FMS-WM is also presenting the results of operations for fiscal 2011 adjusted for the one-off effects from the Greece portfolio in a column entitled “adjusted” because they have a material influence on the results of operations. For more information on the one-off effects from the valuation of the Greece portfolio see “– Risk Provisions and Net Income from Securities” below:

INCOME STATEMENT

 

     July 8 –
December 31,
2010
    January 1 –
December 31,
2011
    January 1 –
December 31, 2011
(adjusted )
 
     (audited)     (unaudited)  
     (€ in millions)  

Net interest income

     146        552        552   

Net commission income

     (86     59        59   

Other operating income/loss, net

     (1     30        30   

General and administrative expenses

     (129     (348     (348

Risk provisions for the lending business

     (1,948     (1,850     (531

Net income from investments in the securities business

     (1,023     (8,404     (807
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Results from ordinary activities

     (3,041     (9,961     (1,045

Income from loss absorption

     3,039        9,969     

Taxes

     0        (8  

Net income/loss for the fiscal year

     (2     —       

Retained profits/accumulated losses brought forward

     0        (2  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Net accumulated losses

     (2     (2  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

Net Interest Income

Net interest income for fiscal 2011 was EUR 552 million (2010: EUR 146 million). In fiscal 2011, net interest income reflected the negative impact of the unwinding of interest-bearing assets. The resulting decrease in interest income was largely offset by the improvement in FMS-WM’s funding position due to its issuing activities and relatively attractive funding rates. In the short 2010 fiscal year, net interest income resulted from interest income derived from derivative financial instruments, from bonds and from the lending business more than offsetting interest expense related to derivative financial instruments and funding expenses.

Net Commission Income

Commission income largely comprises commission income from the lending and derivatives business. Commission expense mainly includes premium payments for loan hedging derivatives. Payments to SoFFin in connection with guarantees for the issues transferred from the HRE Group, which amounted to EUR 17 million in fiscal 2011 (2010: EUR 110 million) are also shown in commission expenses. These guarantees had initially been made available to the HRE Group and were subsequently transferred to FMS-WM in an amount of EUR 124.0 billion as part of the transfer of risk positions on October 1, 2010. Compared to the short 2010 fiscal year commission expense was substantially lower in fiscal 2011 because the SoFFin-backed issues have been gradually replaced by FMS-WM’s own issues, thus enabling it to post net commission income for fiscal 2011 in contrast to the previous year. By the close of the short 2010 fiscal year, FMS-WM had replaced EUR 109 billion of the initially transferred amount through own issues and had returned the SoFFin guarantees no longer required.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses amounted to EUR 348 million in fiscal 2011 (2010: EUR 129 million). Major aspects of the operating activities of FMS-WM are managed by the HRE Group companies under the cooperation agreement with the HRE Group. Expenses of EUR 267 million were incurred in fiscal 2011 for the tasks assigned to the HRE Group (2010: EUR 90 million).

General and administrative expenses also comprised EUR 39 million in consulting fees in fiscal 2011 (2010: EUR 15 million). Apart from professional consulting services, these mainly related to services designed to close the gaps in the FMS-WM’s operating business due to the lack of own staff. In the short 2010 fiscal year, consulting fees were in particular incurred in connection with the creation of FMS-WM and the build-up of its operations. Additional legal expenses were incurred in the short 2010 fiscal year in connection with the negotiation and closing of the cooperation and portfolio management agreements between FMS-WM and the HRE Group.

Personnel expenses for FMS-WM’s staff in fiscal 2011 were EUR 14 million (2010: EUR 2 million).

 

-37-


Table of Contents

Risk Provisions and Net Income from Securities

Risk provisions (write-downs of and valuation allowances on receivables and certain securities, and additions to loan loss provisions / income from reversals of write-downs of receivables and certain securities and from the reversal of loan loss provisions) and net income from investments in the securities business (write-downs of and valuation allowances on equity investments, shares in affiliated companies and securities classified as fixed assets / income from reversals of write-downs of equity investments, shares in affiliated companies and securities classified as fixed assets) in fiscal 2011 were primarily impacted by one-off effects from the valuation of the Greece portfolio, which resulted in charges amounting to EUR 8,916 million. Of these one-off effects, additions to risk provisions accounted for EUR 1,319 million and net loss from investments accounted for EUR 7,597 million. This includes EUR 1,011 million in provisions for expected losses from derivatives (of which EUR 118 million concern risk provisions and EUR 893 million net income from investments) related to hedges for loans or securities in the Greece portfolio.

Adjusted for the one-off effects from the valuation of the Greece portfolio, risk provisions for fiscal 2011 were EUR 531 million. Adjusted for the one-off effects from the valuation of the Greece portfolio, net loss from investments for fiscal 2011 was EUR 807 million, mainly due to the increase in risk provisions for country risks, expenses arising from inefficiencies of hedging relationships, risk provisions for individual exposures and a portfolio of structured products.

In the short 2010 fiscal year, FMS-WM carried out a comprehensive review of the entire portfolio as part of its assessment of the credit risks. In this context it determined that additions of EUR 1,839 million to specific provisions, general provisions as well as other provisions were required in the short 2010 fiscal year. In addition, EUR 1,016 million in write-downs were taken on securities classified as fixed assets (including pro rata general provisions) and EUR 47 million in write-downs on securities allocated to the liquidity reserve. The amounts recognized for the lending business and the securities classified as fixed assets contained EUR 103 million in specific allowances calculated on a portfolio basis from the separate assessment of country risks; of this amount, credit risks accounted for EUR 84 million and securities for EUR 19 million. The write-downs of securities basically concerned inflation-indexed securities classified as fixed assets with long remaining maturities. Risk provisions for the lending business were recognized in particular for real estate loans and non-European infrastructure loans. The risk provisions for these exposures largely arose from a reassessment of the value of the collateral.

Overall Appraisal

FMS-WM posted a negative result of EUR 9,961 million from ordinary activities for fiscal 2011. This was mainly due to valuation allowances on loans and securities to the Greek state or Greek public-sector entities as well as provisions for derivatives originally related to hedges for these loans and securities.

For fiscal 2011, a total of EUR 9,969 million in income from loss absorption was recognized given SoFFin’s loss compensation obligation and taking into account the shareholder’s contribution of EUR 2,080 million (which was made in fiscal 2011). SoFFin’s loss compensation obligation impacts FMS-WM’s net assets, financial position and results of operations such that negative results from ordinary activities are offset by activating the claim for loss compensation. The obligation to compensate losses presented under other assets amounted to EUR 9,939 million as of December 31, 2011.

In fiscal 2011, both net interest income and net commission income exceeded general and administrative expenses by a substantial margin such that income from the portfolio more than offset expenses from operating activities.

FMS-WM has had sufficient liquidity at all times since the HRE Group’s risk portfolio.

For the short 2010 fiscal year, FMS-WM posted a negative result of EUR 3,041 million from ordinary activities. This outcome was mainly due to additions to risk provisions as well as write-downs of securities. After taking into account tax expenses and the income from the loss compensation claim against SoFFin, FMS-WM posted a net loss of EUR 2 million for fiscal 2010.

 

-38-


Table of Contents

RISK REPORT

The risk report has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the HGB applicable to large corporations and the supplementary provisions applicable to banks. FMS-WM also applies the German Accounting Standard 5 – 10, “Risk Reporting by Financial Institutions and Financial Service Institutions,” to its risk reporting as necessary.

The disclosures in the risk report take all risk positions into account, to the extent that FMS-WM has beneficial ownership thereof and bears the value at risk. This encompasses synthetic transfers of risk positions and receivables of subsidiaries where FMS-WM has assumed all default risks, directly or indirectly, that arise from such subsidiaries’ funding activities. Apart from receivables, this also encompasses properties that were taken over in connection with the disposal of collateral. In addition, the risk report also shows exposures where the risks were not transferred directly for a variety of reasons but instead by means of guarantees for instance. These disclosures do not distinguish between on-balance sheet transactions (receivables, securities) and off-balance transactions (especially guarantees, loan commitments, derivatives).

Basics of Risk Management

Risks are managed on the basis of the winding-up plan and the risk strategy. The key risk management functions and instruments were further refined in fiscal 2011. Aside from the sets of tools used to steer and monitor risk, this also includes reviewing and adjusting, as necessary, approaches to management, limit setting and reporting, given the special nature of FMS-WM.

The risk strategy takes into account the requirements of Section 25a (1) of the KWG, Article 2 (4) of FMS-WM’s charter and the relevant rules and regulations in respect of the German Minimum Requirements for Risk Management (“MaRisk”), which specify the requirements of Section 25a of the KWG. MaRisk provides a flexible and practical framework for risk management at financial institutions. Furthermore, it refines the requirements placed on a business organization for outsourced activities and processes requiring financial institutions to take adequate measures to ensure that outsourcing does not result in an undue increase in risk. MaRisk provides for the establishment of appropriate internal governance structures. Within the meaning of MaRisk, risk management includes the determination of appropriate strategies, as well as the establishment of appropriate internal surveillance procedures while taking into account a financial institution’s risk-bearing capacity. The internal surveillance procedures comprise the internal control system and internal audit.

In particular, the internal control system has to cover:

 

   

rules regarding the organizational and operational structure; and

 

   

processes for identifying, assessing, treating, monitoring and communicating risks.

In addition, MaRisk contains specific requirements for the organization and management of counterparty default risks, market risks, liquidity risks and operational risks.

Although FMS-WM is not a bank or a financial services institution as defined in the KWG, due to similarities of FMS-WM’s operations with such institutions, FMS-WM’s risk strategy complies with all relevant rules, regulations and standards to the extent advisable, required or stipulated in its charter. Prior to FMS-WM’s creation, extensive preliminary talks were conducted with FMSA concerning the extent to which MaRisk rules and regulations would apply to FMS-WM.

The risk strategy defines long-term, general and consistent frameworks and principles for FMS-WM’s risk management to the extent that this is advisable and required in substantive terms. It provides the basis for managing and controlling different types of risk and fixes fundamental risk targets that govern all business decisions.

The current risk strategy is derived directly from the objective set out in FMS-WM’s charter. In its capacity as a wind-up institution, FMS-WM follows a strategy that is aimed at unwinding the portfolio in a way that maximize its value to the extent possible. The efficiency and operational feasibility of all risk steering activities constitute additional requirements for reducing risk. The risk tolerance of FMS-WM is documented in the winding-up plan, which reflects the business strategy, and the risk strategy derived from it.

 

-39-


Table of Contents

Taking on additional risk concentrations must be avoided by selectively engaging in new business with capital market counterparties; assuming additional risks from unilateral liquidations, particularly of exposures that are hedged against market risks without adjusting the hedges must also be avoided. To refine its risk management FMS-WM also adopts specific strategies for five relevant risk categories: counterparty default risk (which is broken down into credit risk and counterparty risk), market risk, liquidity risk, operational risk and other risks.

Because the capital adequacy requirements of the KWG do not apply to FMS-WM, the absence of any obligation to prepare an internal capital adequacy assessment process to manage its business based on economic capital pursuant to MaRisk standards result in reduced requirements on FMS-WM’s reporting system, among others. In particular FMS-WM’s approach to risk management is designed to avoid seeking recourse with SoFFin under the latter’s obligation to compensate losses and limit any such resource to that which is inevitable.

The winding-up plan and the risk strategy are required to be reviewed on a regular basis (at least annually) and updated as necessary. The winding-up plan and the assumptions on which it is based are validated and updated on an annual basis. Deviations from plan that are identified in the wind-up report also determine the need for updates.

Organizational Structure of Risk Management

Responsibility for risk management rests with the Management Board of FMS-WM, in particular the Chief Risk Officer. FMS-WM has established the following committees to support and advise the Management Board as well as for certain decisions:

 

LOGO

These committees have the following key functions and tasks:

The Risk Committee of the Management Board is the corporate body for operational lending decisions at the management level of FMS-WM. This Committee makes decisions that must be made at the management level because they are relevant to FMS-WM’s risk exposure to individual loans made by FMS-WM. All members of the Management Board have voting rights in the Risk Committee.

FMS-WM’s Real Estate Committee was established in April 2011 as a management and information body designed to relieve the Risk Committee and take individual decisions related to the management of the real estate portfolio subject to a predefined set of rules allocating authority. On this committee, the Chief Risk Officer and heads of the former divisions Global Credit Management and Global Workout were entitled to vote in fiscal 2011. All members of the Management Board have been entitled to vote on this committee since May 2012.

FMS-WM’s Portfolio Steering Committee is a strategic steering and information forum at the management level. Among other things, it prepares decisions related to adjustments of the winding-up plan and methodological changes in risk controlling and general risk steering policies. All members of the Management Board have voting rights.

 

-40-


Table of Contents

FMS-WM’s Asset Liability Committee (“ALCO”) serves as the Management Board’s committee tasked with information gathering, monitoring and management activities in connection with strategic decisions on issues related to the structure of the balance sheet, liquidity and market risk positions, funding and hedging strategies, limits as well as its methodological requirements for market and liquidity risks. All members of the Management Board have voting rights in this committee.

As far as loan and portfolio management are concerned, the Risk Committee of the Supervisory Board serves as the latter’s decision-making body tasked with making decisions on a case-by-case basis that are particularly relevant to risk, have major effects on profit or loss or have strategic significance. It reviews transactions, adopts measures, strategies and targets related to individual exposures in connection with unwinding the portfolio and monitors relevant loan decisions. All members delegated for this purpose by the Supervisory Board are entitled to vote.

FMS-WM further expanded its internal audit activities in fiscal 2011; internal audit’s responsibilities include risk-based audits uninvolved in business processes of the efficacy and adequacy of FMS-WM’s risk management in general and the internal control system (“ICS”) in particular.

In addition, FMS-WM has outsourced the operational activities and internal auditing tasks related to its risk assets which are being managed by the portfolio servicer to the latter’s group internal audit department. These areas are monitored by the director of FMS-WM’s audit department (Legal Compliance & Audit unit) in his capacity as its audit officer in accordance with MaRisk requirements.

In technical terms, FMS-WM currently uses the portfolio servicer’s existing IT systems to support its management of counterparty default risks, market risks, liquidity risks as well as operational and other risks. These systems have been adjusted to FMS-WM’s special needs in certain areas, and progress has been made with respect to future adjustments.

Principles of Risk Management

Risk management encompasses the identification, analysis and assessment, steering as well as monitoring and reporting of all material types of risks associated with FMS-WM’s activities of:

 

   

Counterparty default risks;

 

   

Market risks;

 

   

Liquidity risks;

 

   

Operational risks; and

 

   

Other risks.

Risk types classified as material in connection with the initial winding-up plan are identified and reviewed as part of the annual risk inventory that was performed for the first time in the fourth quarter of 2011. Depending on the nature, scope and complexity of the transferred portfolio, counterparty default risk in the form of credit risk is the central type of risk to which FMS-WM is exposed. Risk management also entails actively limiting, steering and monitoring the following risks in particular: counterparty, market and liquidity risks. Credit risks are monitored and managed as part of the wind-up strategies for specific wind-up clusters within the segments. Counterparty, market, liquidity, operational and other risks are managed for the portfolio of FMS-WM in its entirety irrespective of wind-up clusters.

FMS-WM is fully liable for managing and monitoring each individual risk type. While FMS-WM has assigned essential tasks and activities to the HRE Group as its portfolio servicer based on service level agreements, the portfolio servicer has very limited decision-making authority.

Counterparty Default Risks

The counterparty default risk of FMS-WM comprises credit risk, counterparty risk as well as country risk.

 

   

Credit risk is the risk that a contracting party cannot fulfill its obligations. Credit risk comprises the risk of credit rating downgrades or borrowers’ defaults (classical credit risk) as well as issuers of securities (issuer risk) and reference entities related to credit derivatives. Credit risk is further classified into default and migration risks.

 

-41-


Table of Contents
   

Default risk: Either the risk that a borrower cannot fulfill its loan obligations in full or the risk that a material obligation of such borrower is overdue for more than 90 days. The resulting loss may be mitigated by realizing collateral or by recourse to other means of collecting amounts due. In many cases, FMS-WM is in possession of marketable collateral which it can fall back on in the event of liquidation. Default risk also encompasses the risk from the disposal of the collateral in question. It also includes the risk that, in connection with a restructuring of a syndicated loan, the majority of a banking consortium might agree on approaches that are disadvantageous for FMS-WM or on a poorer credit profile.

 

   

Migration risk: Risk that a borrower’s creditworthiness might deteriorate over time. Such deterioration in creditworthiness does not entail direct losses but it does intensify the potential default risk. At the portfolio level, this translates into the downgrading of the given credit rating, along with a reduction in the value of the credit portfolio – irrespective of whether such impairment has already been recognized in the balance sheet.

 

   

Counterparty risk is the risk that a contracting party’s default makes it impossible to collect unrealized profits from derivatives and executory contracts. It includes replacement and settlement risk.

 

   

Replacement risk: If a counterparty defaults, the contract must be replaced at conditions that are less favorable than the ones applicable when the contract was initially entered into.

 

   

Settlement risk: FMS-WM delivers an asset that it has sold to a counterparty or makes a payment but does not receive the stipulated monetary consideration or the asset, as the case may be.

 

   

Country risk comprises credit or counterparty risks that do not arise from the relevant contracting party but only from the latter’s foreign domicile. Country risk includes the risk that a debtor cannot service its liabilities because the government or central bank of the debtor’s country cannot or will not make available the foreign currency required for such repayment or even prohibits such repayment (transfer risk), or the risk that the currency of the debtor’s country can no longer be converted because the country’s economic or political situation has seriously deteriorated (conversion risk).

FMS-WM’s counterparty default risk management strategy entails reducing the risks by unwinding the loans, securities and derivatives in accordance with the winding-up plan based on approaches that maximize their value. The winding-up plan generally does not provide for engaging in new business with the exception of forced extensions, rescue acquisitions and stabilization measures as part of decisions that are made on a case-by-case basis to improve the risk exposure of FMS-WM.

Managing counterparty default risks is one of FMS-WM’s central tasks and, in organizational terms, involves a number of units.

Risk Identification

A catalogue of early warning signs, which was prepared by the portfolio servicer, is used to continuously monitor loan exposures on a case-by-case basis for purposes of early identification of problem assets. The latter are then classified to Facilities in Focus, Watchlist, Restructuring and Workout – in that order – if certain indications are present. Exposures are subject to increasingly intensified monitoring – in that order – to ensure that risks are detected earlier and steps aimed at reducing risk can be initiated.

At the transaction level the portfolio servicer’s guidelines for credit processes determine the requisite steps for performing risk reviews and risk assessments as part of regular monitoring. Early warning indicators as well as the credit processes are reviewed on a regular basis but at least annually by the portfolio servicer and coordinated with the responsible units within FMS-WM.

Risk Analysis and Assessment

At the transaction level, counterparty default risks are measured using the portfolio servicer’s internal models by determining the exposure at default (“EAD”), the probability of default (“PD”) and the loss given default (“LGD”), which concerns the extent of the potential loss in case of a default. The models for determining these parameters are to be reviewed annually by FMS-WM.

Expected loss (“EL”) is determined on the basis of the annual probability of default, the loss given default and the exposure at default subject to an evaluation horizon of one year. EL is determined for the transaction level and subsequently aggregated to both the segment and the total portfolio level as a material management parameter.

 

-42-


Table of Contents

Aside from the short-term management parameter, the expected loss for the wind-up portfolio is determined for the given planning period and serves as a reference parameter for risk. The estimated, cumulative EL for the given period is provided in the winding-up plan for each segment.

In addition, the portfolio servicer conducts stress tests at both the portfolio and the segment level on a regular basis (at least annually) as part of risk cost planning. Stress scenarios are developed for the different segments with respect to the key risk parameters, PD and LGD, based on a most likely scenario and an adverse scenario to measure their effects on the cumulative EL.

Risk Steering

Responsibility for risk steering rests with FMS-WM’s credit portfolio management. Restructuring and selling loans are the two most important tools that are available to FMS-WM for steering credit risks.

In managing the portfolio, FMS-WM generally bases its assumptions on the long-term (i.e., intrinsic) value of an exposure as opposed to short-term fluctuations in value. This also corresponds to the classification of the securities as banking book assets in the balance sheet. Changes in the fair value are also used for internal credit rating analyses. Additional analyses of the credit risk and potential write-downs are also performed in the event of material fair value changes. Differences between the fair values and the book values can often be used to infer changes in default risks or the risk of credit rating downgrades (migration risk).

Counterparty risks are managed by means of suitable limits based on the gross future exposure and / or the nominal exposure. This covers both replacement and settlement risks. As a rule, transactions entailing a counterparty risk may not be made without a sufficient borrower-specific limit. The extent to which the limit has been exhausted – i.e., the pre-deal limit check – must be verified before any new transaction takes place. All transactions must be applied to the given borrower-specific limits immediately.

Two dimensions are analyzed in connection with the limiting of counterparty risks and active management of the related exposures.

 

   

Counterparty risks involving customers in the wind-up portfolio: The transferred risk positions also encompass derivatives with customers in lending transactions. These positions are limited for the purpose of monitoring any potential increases in risk resulting from changed market conditions. Individual exposures may be expanded only in exceptional cases, for example with the aim of stabilizing the overall exposure. Under the set of rules allocating authority, exposures of this nature must be decided and approved in accordance with the governance framework set out in FMS-WM’s charter.

 

   

Counterparty risks involving capital market partners: Treasury enters into money market transactions, derivatives and repos to manage both the risk positions and the liquidity of FMS-WM. Managing these business activities requires limits that give Treasury enough flexibility, while at the same time enabling Risk Controlling to carry out its monitoring duties. The activities of the Treasury unit are limited to a defined pool of counterparties (white list) and are subject to Risk Controlling’s independent limit monitoring and escalation process.

Risk Monitoring and Reporting

At the portfolio level, credit risks are monitored pursuant to the current winding-up plan and described in the wind-up report that is to be prepared monthly for the Management Board and the Supervisory Board. The report presents and discusses migration risks and concentrations of risk in particular (by country and segment among other things). At the level of individual exposures, counterparty default risks are monitored and reported based on the portfolio servicer’s credit processes. Counterparty limits and their utilization are also recorded in the daily counterparty risk report, monitored and reported to the Management Board and the Treasury unit. The escalation process introduced in 2011 has enabled timely reaction and communication to the Management Board if limits are exceeded.

Risk Position

FMS-WM’s credit portfolio is managed through the Commercial Real Estate, Workout, Public Sector, Structured Products and Infrastructure portfolio segments. An EAD is determined for all segments based on uniform specifications. The EAD shows the potential amount of the claim against the borrower irrespective of

 

-43-


Table of Contents

the latter’s credit rating and any risk provisions already set up in that connection. Besides the current utilization, the EAD also takes into account the pro rata interest payments in relation to which a borrower may default before an exposure is defined as having defaulted (maximum 90 days in default) as well as those loan commitments which a borrower will still be able to draw on in future despite a significant deterioration in creditworthiness. The EAD of derivatives is defined as the sum of the current fair value and the prescribed regulatory add-on, which constitutes a cushion for potential fair value increases in future.

The EL is an additional important short-term parameter for managing the credit portfolio; it is determined for a period of one year. In this connection risk positions for which risk provisions were recognized or transferred with the portfolio and for which no EL is determined are the exception.

The disclosures below correspond to the presentation of internal risk reporting in the wind-up report.

Breakdown of the EAD and the EL of the Credit Portfolio

The following is a breakdown of the EAD and the EL of the credit portfolio by segment:

 

     Commercial
Real Estate
     Workout      Public Sector      Structured
Products
     Infra-
structure
     Total (excluding
derivatives)
     Derivatives  
     December 31,  
     2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011  
     (unaudited)  
     (€ in billions)  

EAD

     18.6         14.5         7.6         6.2         101.7         96.3         38.1         43.8         21.0         19.9         187.0         180.7         21.1         18.4   

EL

     0.19         0.14         0.27         0.06         0.05         0.07         0.07         0.07         0.08         0.08         0.66         0.42         0.14         0.25   

As of December 31, 2011, the EAD of the risk positions reported in the wind-up report (excluding derivatives) was EUR 180.7 billion – a decline by EUR 6.3 billion compared to December 31, 2010. The reduction in the exposures is mainly due to redemptions and the successful disposal of loans and securities, particularly in the Commercial Real Estate segment (EUR 4.1 billion) and the Public Sector segment (EUR 5.4 billion). It was offset in part by the increase in the EAD by EUR 5.7 billion in the Structured Products segment due to a change in the EAD allocated to debt instruments, where the risks are hedged by means of total return swap positions.

The wind-up portfolio with an EAD of EUR 180.7 billion does not contain receivables from the HRE Group. These are mainly derived from the method by which the sub-portfolios were transferred (e.g., liquidity facilities for Depfa serving to fund the derivatives that had been transferred in terms of the attendant risk) or from the method by which FMS-WM was funded (claims under repo transactions) via PBB as well as from the corresponding cash collateral for derivatives.

Pursuant to the wind-up report dated December 31, 2011, the derivatives have a total EAD of EUR 18.4 billion; of this amount, customer derivatives account for EUR 2.9 billion, interest rate and currency hedging transactions for EUR 10.5 billion and credit derivatives for EUR 5.0 billion. Compared to December 31, 2010, the EAD from derivatives thus was reduced by EUR 2.7 billion.

Based on the parameters applied by the portfolio servicer in accordance with Basel II, as of December 31, 2011 the EL (including derivatives) was EUR 0.67 billion. This corresponds to a reduction of EUR 0.13 billion compared to December 31, 2010, which is mainly due to the recognition of special loan loss provisions in the Workout segment (the EL is no longer determined once risk provisions have been set up) and to redemptions and repayments in the Commercial Real Estate segment. Any increase in EL attributable to ratings downgrades was more than offset by these measures.

 

-44-


Table of Contents

Breakdown of Credit Portfolio by Rating Classes

The following is a breakdown of the credit portfolio by internal rating classes (what are shown are the internal PD ratings that have been applied to an S&P rating scale):

 

    Commercial
Real Estate
    Workout     Public Sector     Structured
Products
    Infrastructure     Total  
    December 31,  
    2010     2011     2010     2011     2010     2011     2010     2011     2010     2011     2010     2011  
    (unaudited)  
    (EAD in € billions)  

Group A

                       

Ratings AAA to A-

    0.4        0.1        0.0        0.0        83.7        76.2        34.3        36.4        8.4        7.8        126.8        120.5   

Group BBB

                       

Ratings BBB+ to BBB-

    1.2        0.6        0.1        0.0        16.4        5.3        1.1        3.9        4.4        3.9        23.2        13.7   

Group BB

                       

Ratings BB+ to BB-

    7.1        3.1        0.1        0.1        1.3        4.0        0.9        1.3        3.8        3.0        13.2        11.5   

Group B

                       

Ratings B+ to B-

    8.1        7.8        0.1        0.3        0.1        0.1        0.6        0.9        1.0        0.9        9.9        10.0   

Group C

                       

Ratings CCC+ to C-

    0.3        0.2        0.0        0.0        0.1        0.1        0.5        0.6        0.2        0.4        1.1        1.3   

Group D

                       

Rating D

    1.5        2.7        7.3        5.8        0.1        10.6        0.7        0.7        3.2        3.9        12.8        23.7   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    18.6        14.5        7.6        6.2        101.7        96.3        38.1        43.8        21.0        19.9        187.0        180.7   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

There was a substantial deterioration during fiscal 2011 in the breakdown of the portfolio by ratings, especially in the Public Sector portfolio. This is mainly due to the Greek bonds and loans which, at an EAD of EUR 10.4 billion, were downgraded from the BBB rating group to the D rating group at the end of fiscal 2011. In addition, the downgrades of Hungarian bonds (approximately EUR 2.2 billion, from group BBB to group BB), Portuguese bonds (EUR 1.9 billion, from group A to group BBB) and Spanish bonds (EUR 1.0 billion, from group A to group BBB) have contributed to the deterioration in the portfolio’s rating structure.

An EAD in a total amount of EUR 4.6 billion was unwound in the Commercial Real Estate portfolio, especially in the mid rating groups (BBB and BB). D-rated exposures accounted for a total of 94% (previous year: 96%) of the EAD in the Workout segment. In addition, there has been a slight deterioration in the quality of the portfolio in the Infrastructure segment.

Apart from the ratings downgrades, particularly maturities and sales have reduced the holdings in rating group A by a total of EUR 6.3 billion during fiscal 2011. The portfolio accounts for 74% (down 6 percentage points year on year) of investment grade exposures (rating group A and BBB), especially due to the high percentage of public sector debtors.

 

-45-


Table of Contents

Breakdown of Credit Portfolio by Countries and Regions(1)

 

     Commercial
Real Estate
     Workout      Public Sector      Structured
Products
     Infrastructure      Total  
     December 31,  
     2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011  
     (unaudited)  
     (EAD in € billions)  

Country(2)

                                   

Germany

     6.7         5.9         2.3         2.0         5.9         5.6         1.0         0.9         0.4         0.2         16.3         14.6   

USA

     3.1         2.0         2.0         1.5         0.1         0.1         24.4         28.0         2.2         2.0         31.7         33.6   

United Kingdom

     1.3         1.0         1.0         0.9         11.2         10.5         0.3         2.0         10.4         10.0         24.2         24.4   

PIIGS

                                   

Italy

     0.2         0.2         0.3         0.2         31.4         30.8         2.0         2.2         0.7         0.6         34.6         34.0   

Spain

     0.6         0.6         0.5         0.3         7.0         6.8         3.3         2.8         0.4         0.3         11.8         10.8   

Greece

     0.0         0.0         0.0         0.0         10.7         10.3         0.1         0.0         0.0         0.1         10.8         10.4   

Ireland

     0.1         0.1         0.0         0.0         1.1         0.8         1.1         1.3         0.2         0.1         2.5         2.3   

Portugal

     0.1         0.1         0.0         0.0         2.2         2.1         0.0         0.0         0.1         0.1         2.4         2.3   

Japan

     0.4         0.4         0.2         0.2         10.0         9.5         0.0         0.0         0.1         0.1         10.7         10.2   

Asia (excl. Japan)

     0.5         0.2         0.1         0.1         2.6         2.2         0.0         0.0         0.3         0.2         3.5         2.7   

Rest of Europe

     5.1         3.6         1.0         0.8         18.7         16.9         2.7         2.9         1.6         1.6         29.2         25.8   

Rest of World

     0.5         0.4         0.2         0.2         0.8         0.7         3.2         3.7         4.6         4.6         9.3         9.6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     18.6         14.5         7.6         6.2         101.7         96.3         38.1         43.8         21.0         19.9         187.0         180.7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Excluding derivatives with an EAD of EUR 18.4 billion.
(2) Allocation by country of the economic risk (e.g., location of the collateral), which may be different from the legal domicile of the debtor/issuer in individual cases.

The breakdown of the credit portfolio by countries and regions as of December 31, 2011 reflected a high percentage of European borrowers (EUR 124.6 billion; down EUR 7.1 billion from December 31, 2010).

As of December 31, 2011, German real estate loans accounted for EUR 5.9 billion and US real estate loans for EUR 2.0 billion, which, combined, accounted for a majority of FMS-WM’s exposures in the Commercial Real Estate segment. The largest exposures in the “Rest of Europe” category comprised real estate loans in France (EUR 1.4 billion), Sweden (EUR 0.5 billion) and the Netherlands (EUR 0.5 billion). Compared to December 31, 2010, the Commercial Real Estate segment’s portfolio has shrunk by EUR 4.1 billion. Redemptions in Germany, the United States, Russia and France helped to bring about the reduction in this portfolio.

Compared to the other segments, the diversification of the Workout segment by country and region was relatively broad. The two countries with the greatest exposure – Germany and the United States – accounted for more than half of the reduction by EUR 1.4 billion from December 31, 2010 to December 31, 2011, which was brought about through coercive legal steps as well as currency effects.

As of December 31, 2011, the Public Sector segment encompassed a portfolio with an EAD of EUR 96.3 billion in financing arrangements with municipal or state counterparties or other public sector issuers. The so-called PIIGS countries accounted for an EAD of EUR 50.8 billion in this connection. The EAD – which is determined as a claim against the given borrower – thus was almost unchanged from 2010 despite the risk provisions that have been set up for the Greece exposure. The largest exposures in the Rest of Europe category comprised loans and government bonds in France (EUR 2.5 billion), Poland (EUR 2.5 billion) and Hungary (EUR 2.2 billion). The reduction in the Public Sector portfolio by EUR 5.4 billion was accomplished primarily through sales and maturities of bonds and loans in the United Kingdom, Italy, Japan and France.

With an EAD of EUR 43.8 billion as of December 31, 2011, the Structured Products segment contains all securitization transactions and other structured products of FMS-WM. Of this amount, the United States account for EUR 28.0 billion, which also includes EUR 9.9 billion in securitizations of FFELP3 student loans and EUR 9.3 billion in the Municipal Products wind-up cluster. This also contains additional exposures, specifically, EUR 6.3 billion in PIIGS countries, EUR 3.0 billion in Canada, EUR 2.6 billion in the Netherlands and EUR 2.0 billion in the United Kingdom.

 

-46-


Table of Contents

As of December 31, 2011, the United Kingdom accounts for half of the EAD (EUR 10.0 billion) of the Infrastructure segment, which is particularly sensitive to economic developments because of the cash-flow based nature of the loans. These are loans for long-term public-interest projects such as the construction of infrastructure. In most cases the cash flow from the financed infrastructure projects is directly contingent on the extent of their utilization, motorways for instance. The slow recovery of the British economy along with tax increases, high unemployment and high inflation have a negative impact. The resulting increased risk of these receivables is subject to intensive monitoring. Other significant infrastructure projects are located in the USA (EUR 2.0 billion), Australia (EUR 1.9 billion), Canada (EUR 1.8 billion), the PIIGS countries (EUR 1.2 billion) and France (EUR 1.1 billion). Repayments and disposals, especially in the United Kingdom and the USA, helped to reduce the EAD by EUR 1.1 billion from December 31, 2010 to December 31, 2011.

Breakdown of Credit Portfolio by Remaining Maturities(1)

 

     Commercial
Real Estate
     Workout      Public Sector      Structured
Products
     Infrastructure      Total  
     December 31,  
     2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011  
     (unaudited)  
     (EAD in € billions)  

2011 – 2015

     14.8         11.4         5.0         4.7         18.2         13.8         5.1         4.6         4.0         3.1         47.1         37.6   

2016 – 2020

     0.8         1.1         0.3         0.3         22.7         22.3         5.0         6.6         1.3         1.3         30.1         31.6   

2021 – 2030

     1.0         1.0         0.3         0.3         19.8         18.5         8.9         9.7         2.8         3.0         32.8         32.5   

2031 – 2040

     0.4         0.3         0.3         0.2         30.5         30.4         8.8         9.8         3.7         3.6         43.7         44.3   

> 2040

     0.8         0.6         0.6         0.5         10.5         11.3         10.3         13.1         9.2         8.9         31.4         34.4   

n.a.(2)

     0.8         0.1         1.1         0.2         0.0         0.0         0.0         0.0         0.0         0.0         1.9         0.3   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     18.6         14.5         7.6         6.2         101.7         96.3         38.1         43.8         21.0         19.9         187.0         180.7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Excluding derivatives with an EAD of EUR 18.4 billion
(2) Including loans called or loans where extensions are being processed

As of December 31, 2011, the remaining maturities (following the expiration of fixed terms) in the Commercial Real Estate segment’s portfolio were in the mid-range, with 79% being within the next four years. Regionally, Germany accounted for EUR 4.3 billion of the loans whose terms will be modified between 2012 and 2015, France for EUR 1.3 billion and the United States for EUR 1.1 billion. At EUR 3.4 billion, this maturity range accounted for the largest portion of the portfolio wind-up in fiscal 2011 (EUR 4.1 billion). Term adjustments until 2015 are pending for three quarters of the portfolio in the Workout segment.

As of December 31, 2011, risk positions with an EAD of EUR 41.7 billion in the Public Sector segment’s portfolio had remaining maturities of at least 20 years. Of these, Italy accounted for EUR 22.1 billion, the United Kingdom for EUR 9.0 billion, Greece for EUR 3.4 billion and France for EUR 1.3 billion. At EUR 4.4 billion, the maturity range until 2015 accounted for the largest portion of the portfolio wind-up in fiscal 2011 (EUR 5.4 billion).

At EUR 22.9 billion as of December 31, 2011, more than one half of all exposures in the Structured Products segment had remaining maturities of at least 20 years. The United States accounted for EUR 14.3 billion of the exposures with long maturities. Of the structured products, the PIIGS countries accounted for EUR 3.4 billion, the Netherlands for EUR 2.0 billion and the United Kingdom for EUR 1.9 billion.

As of December 31, 2011, 45% of the EAD or exposures of EUR 8.9 billion in the Infrastructure segment had maturities beyond 2040. Of this amount, loans in the UK accounted for an EAD of EUR 7.6 billion.

 

-47-


Table of Contents

Watchlist and Problem Assets

 

     Commercial
Real Estate
     Workout      Public Sector      Structured
Products
     Infrastructure      Total  
     December 31,  
     2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011      2010      2011  
     (unaudited)  
     (EAD in € billions)  

Watchlist Assets

     3.5         2.8         0.3         0.0         0.0         0.3         0.2         0.2         0.5         0.1         4.5         3.4   

Problem Assets

     1.5         2.5         7.3         5.8         0.1         10.6         1.2         1.4         3.2         3.9         13.3         24.3   

Workout Assets

     0.0         0.0         0.7         0.7         0.0         0.0         0.0         0.0         0.0         0.0         0.7         0.7   

Restructuring Assets

     1.5         2.6         6.6         5.1         0.1         10.6         1.2         1.4         3.2         3.9         12.6         23.6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     5.0         5.4         7.6         5.8         0.1         10.9         1.4         1.6         3.7         4.0         17.8         27.7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Risk positions are classified as “Watchlist Assets” if the payment is delayed for more than 60 days or if another fixed criterion triggers intensified monitoring of the given risk position.

The “Restructuring Assets” category contains exposures for which special loan loss provisions were recognized as well as exposures that have defaulted under Basel II categories (e.g. payment past due > 90 days).

“Workout Assets” comprise risk positions where a restructuring seems unfeasible, where legal action has been initiated and where a valuation allowance has been recognized.

“Restructuring” and “Workout Assets” are combined in the “Problem Assets” category.

The EAD of problem assets rose by EUR 11.0 billion in fiscal 2011 year especially due to the reclassification of the exposures in the Greece portfolio to the Restructuring category. In particular, this increase concerns the Public Sector segment with a plus of EUR 10.5 billion. Despite the decrease in the Workout segment by EUR 1.5 billion due to portfolio wind-up, 94% of all financing remains in the category of problem assets. Problem assets in the Commercial Real Estate and Infrastructure segments have risen slightly year on year, especially due to the reclassification of former Watchlist Assets to these categories, in turn causing a slight decline in the Watchlist Assets.

The early warning system is designed to identify and closely monitor borrowers of FMS-WM whose credit quality or collateral might deteriorate. Non-performing risk positions where the arrears exceed 90 days are assigned to the departments tasked with non-performing loan management (i.e. Watchlist, Restructuring, Workout). These departments test the non-performing loans for impairment at regular intervals and upon occurrence of certain predefined events (so-called trigger events) to determine the need for write-downs. If there are indications of impairment, the respective department prepares a proposal for special loan loss provisions that must be approved by the Risk Committee of FMS-WM.

The amount of the general loan loss provisions is determined by considering the PD and the LGD and is also approved by the Risk Committee of FMS-WM.

Major Challenges from Counterparty Default Risks

The transferred portfolio imposed major risks on FMS-WM, which will have a major impact on FMS-WM’s results of operations in future and also impact SoFFin’s loss compensation obligations. The most important of these are as follows:

 

   

Portfolio concentrations: The EL always constitutes only the current expectation value. As the example of Greece in fiscal 2011 shows, the actual losses that are incurred at a later date may deviate substantially from the expected losses. The more concentrated the portfolio, the greater the risk of significant deviations in the actual loss from the expected loss. There are major concentrations in the portfolio related to the so-called PIIGS countries and other European countries, especially in the Public Sector segment. Additional losses that substantially surpass the determined EL are conceivable if a widening of the European sovereign debt crisis leads to further defaults.

 

   

Long maturities: In 61% of the cases, the stipulated contractual maturities of the credit risks assumed significantly exceed the end of the planning horizon until 2020.

 

-48-


Table of Contents
   

Restructuring risks: In many cases FMS-WM took over syndicated loans where it has varying junior positions that make it difficult to control the structure or influence it. This in turn may trigger restructuring risks that play a dominant role in the risk profile.

 

   

Financing structures: The financial and economic crisis has fundamentally changed the credit and capital markets. A significant number of FMS-WM’s risk positions comprise exposures that were liquid at one time but have turned out to be illiquid and hard to sell since the crisis. To make matters worse, in some market segments it will be very difficult or even impossible for FMS-WM to achieve a positive earnings contribution overall despite the extremely favorable funding conditions available to it because the stipulated risk premiums and margins do not match the current expectations of defaults on the given risk positions.

 

   

Adequate risk provisions: In light of the four challenges set out above, it is of particular importance to FMS-WM to recognize adequate risk provisions for the transferred risk positions, taking the requirements of the German Commercial Code into account. FMS-WM recognizes special loan loss provisions on exposures that are non-performing or where full repayment at maturity is already not expected from today’s vantage point. The adequate amount of the special loan loss provisions for risk positions where FMS-WM expects to liquidate the collateral is determined by discounting the expected proceeds from collateral disposal using a risk-free interest rate. While general loan loss provisions based on a (one-year) expected loss are recognized for potential default risks, country risk provisions entailing specific allowances calculated on a portfolio basis are recognized for transfer risks and conversion risks related to individual countries.

Market Risks

Any impairment of the value of the risk positions due to changed market conditions and market price factors gives rise to market risks. The following material types of market risks are particularly relevant to FMS-WM:

 

   

Interest rate risk: This risk concerns the change in the present value of risk positions due to changes in the respective market interest rates.

 

   

Foreign exchange (“FX”) risk: This risk results from a change in foreign exchange rates and indicates how the given change will affect the value in euro of an FX exposure.

 

   

Credit spread risk: This risk concerns the change in the present value in the event of changes in the underlying credit default swap or credit spread curve.

 

   

Other market risks primarily include:

 

   

Basis risks: Cross-currency basis risk may arise if transactions in foreign currencies are funded at non-matching maturities. Differences in the reference interest rates of transactions subject to variable interest rates may give rise to interest rate basis risks.

 

   

Inflation risk: Arises when specific products in the portfolio are linked to the inflation rate in certain countries or regions in respect of their interest payments or repayment structures.

FMS-WM is not exposed to equity and commodity risks.

FMS-WM’s market risk strategy serves to limit fluctuations in the value of the portfolio that arise from factors affecting market risks and their impact on parameters that are relevant to earnings. This concerns the risks arising in connection with the transferred portfolio as well as new market risks arising in connection with Treasury activities. The ratio of the expenditure required for hedging purposes in this context must be reasonable, taking into account the benefits and any related costs. The goal is to unwind existing risk positions and avoid new ones.

While Treasury operates on the principle that FMS-WM will not open positions solely for the purpose of making gains, it has discretion to act within predetermined limits. The market units of the Treasury division are responsible for the operational management of open positions; Risk Controlling is responsible for monitoring and the Asset and Liability Committee is responsible for setting limits and establishing principles in connection with risk steering.

 

-49-


Table of Contents

Risk Identification

Market risks usually entail interest rate and foreign exchange risks especially vis-à-vis the US dollar owing to the structure of the portfolio. Credit spread risks give rise to potential changes in value, primarily in tradable securities. Given its long perspective with an intention to hold most positions to maturity and applicable accounting standards, FMS-WM only reacts to fluctuations in the credit spread depending on the specific risk position. The portfolio servicer’s daily data deliveries as well as both the information available in the systems along with current market data serve as the basis for identifying the market risks.

Risk Analysis and Assessment

Interest rate risks are analyzed using sensitivity analyses, i.e., the effect of a shift by one basis point in the interest rate curve on the portfolio’s net present value. Separate analyses by maturity ranges enable FMS-WM to perform more extensive analyses of interest rate risks besides their sensitivity to a parallel shift, e.g., when the curve turns. In addition to the detailed analysis by maturity range, separate assessments by currency are performed to take into account that every currency has a different interest rate curve. Since April 2011, these sensitivities have been determined on the basis of the “no spread method” where the credit spread is eliminated from the cash flows of a risk position to obtain an adjusted interest rate sensitivity for risk steering purposes. This method was further refined in the third quarter of 2011.

Analogous to interest rate risks, foreign exchange risks are analyzed based on sensitivities via a change in the net present value (“NPV”) in case of changes in exchange rates by 1% relative to the euro. The no spread method is applied here as well. The on-balance sheet foreign currency position is determined and analyzed on a monthly basis because risk steering is focused on keeping fluctuations in parameters relevant to income as small as possible.

Credit spread risks are determined using a current spread view, i.e., the discount is based on the current credit spreads. The parameter used in this case is the change in the NPV relative to changes in the credit spread by one basis point.

Suitable monthly stress tests based on adequate hypothetical and historic interest rate, foreign exchange and credit spread scenarios complement risk measurement and analysis based on sensitivities. These stress scenarios encompass the scenario specifications of Deutsche Bundesbank with respect to interest rate, FX and credit spread risks that were taken over from PBB and internally rated as relevant. Other relevant scenarios entail interest rate risk scenarios based on Basel II. Aside from these scenarios arising from singular shifts in the given type of market risk, FMS-WM also examines the extent of the change in the net present value if extreme historical market shifts were repeated for all types of market risk.

Risk Steering

Treasury opens risk positions only to a limited extent and subject to the existing limits for purposes of risk steering. This is particularly necessary for short-term liquidity management, which can expose FMS-WM to short-term interest rate risks. In addition, the management of interest rate and foreign exchange risks may give rise to a limited amount of open risk positions subject to the existing limits. For reasons of efficiency, risk positions are subject to effective hedging in these cases only when certain transaction volumes have been reached. A short-term lack of market liquidity may force FMS-WM to settle all transactions at poor pricing, leading to high costs.

The credit portfolio management units and Treasury may only utilize financial instruments for hedging the risk positions that can be objectively valuated using best practice valuation.

A limit system for interest rate sensitivities by main currency and maturity range (including an escalation process in the event of limit breaches) was introduced at the start of the second quarter of fiscal 2011 for steering interest rate risks once the no spread method had been implemented.

The approach to managing the foreign currency position was fundamentally revised in the first half of 2011 and is now based primarily on managing the on-balance sheet foreign currency position such that the effects of fluctuations from changes in foreign exchange rates on income are as low as possible. To this end, limits per currency have been put in place, and an escalation process has been adopted and introduced. The limits are monitored monthly based on the previous month’s on-balance sheet foreign-currency position as well as postings

 

-50-


Table of Contents

of foreign currency transactions that are relevant to the balance sheet and have occurred in the interim. This approach is supplemented on a daily basis by the determination of foreign exchange sensitivities based on the no spread method and by monitoring by means of triggers. Any breach of the triggers initiates a root cause analysis in order to ensure that any foreign currency position relevant to the balance sheet can be hedged in a timely manner if necessary.

The risks from changes in credit spreads are monitored as part of the current reporting process but they are not actively limited. Recognition of all securities using the modified lower-of-cost-or-market principle prevents an increase in credit spreads from having a direct impact on profit or loss as long as an impairment is not permanent and FMS-WM holds the given securities to maturity. These risks are actively managed by portfolio management as part of portfolio wind-up.

Risk Monitoring and Reporting

Market risks may not exceed the sensitivity limits in the daily risk management process. Limits are monitored based on the daily market risk report that is prepared by the portfolio servicer and analyzed by FMS-WM’s Risk Controlling unit. The report is made available to both the Management Board and Treasury on a daily basis. Foreign exchange risks, which are defined via the on-balance sheet foreign currency position, may not exceed the fixed limits of the monthly process that was introduced in 2011.

The defined review and escalation process applies whenever limits are exceeded. Both the ALCO Report to the members of the Asset Liability Committee and the monthly wind-up report to both the Management Board and the Supervisory Board discuss market risks in varying levels of detail.

Risk Position

The main factors affecting interest rate sensitivities are exposures in assets and liabilities with fixed interest rates where the interest rate risks are hedged largely through interest rate derivatives. As determined based on the no spread method, the interest rate sensitivity as of December 31, 2011 was EUR negative 0.17 million. This means that the value of the portfolio falls by EUR 0.17 million in case the interest rate curves of all currencies simultaneously rise by one basis point. Substantial interest rate sensitivity exposures concern the US dollar in the amount of EUR negative 0.15 million and the pound sterling in the amount of EUR negative 0.09 million. All risk positions have declined substantially since December 31, 2010 but their values as of December 31, 2011 are not comparable because of a switch from the previously used initial spread method to the no spread method. The initial spread method takes the credit spread that existed at the time a given position was acquired into account when determining the interest rate sensitivity. The no spread method eliminates the credit spread and thus does not take it into account.

Given the stress scenarios defined for interest rate risks, a parallel increase in all interest rate curves by 200 basis points would have had the greatest negative impact negative EUR 35 million – on the net present value as of the December 31, 2011 reporting date.

FX risks are managed based on the balance sheet position and the derivative hedging positions subject to compliance with fixed limits. The FX position shown in the balance sheet is closed to an extent that enables compliance with the approved limits. Stress scenarios are calculated for the FX sensitivities that are determined on a daily basis. Given the defined FX stress scenarios, an increase by 15% in the value of the euro against all other currencies would have the greatest negative impact – EUR 285 million – on the net present value as of December 31, 2011.

The very sharp increase in some credit spreads – particularly those of the PIIGS countries – had a substantial, negative effect on the portfolio’s net present value in 2011 as well. Inflation risks – as an aspect of market risks – are deemed to be negligible. Most of them are hedged. Inflation sensitivities are low and remain relatively constant. There are no equity and commodity risks in the portfolio.

Liquidity Risks

FMS-WM distinguishes between tactical and strategic liquidity risk:

 

   

Tactical liquidity risk concerns the risk of not being able to generate sufficient cash on short notice such that present or future payment obligations may not be fulfilled at all, not in full or not when due under the contract.

 

-51-


Table of Contents
   

Strategic liquidity risk is the risk of only being able to implement the necessary measures described in the funding strategy in the market at greater expense. For instance, an unexpected rise in funding costs might result from general market distortions or idiosyncratic events.

As part of its tactical liquidity management FMS-WM ensures an adequate cash flow at all times primarily by maintaining an adequate liquidity reserve. Both the funding strategy and the funding plan serve to ensure its strategic liquidity.

The liquidity risk strategy aims to ensure at all times – even in stress scenarios – that FMS-WM would be solvent without having to seek recourse from the SoFFin by drawing on the latter’s loss compensation and liquidity support obligations. To that end FMS-WM maintains a sufficient liquidity reserve (assets eligible for ECB funding purposes to hedge against unexpected cash outflows) and diversifies its funding (in respect of lenders as well as maturities and instruments).

Risk Identification

To identify the tactical liquidity risks, the liquidity maturity profile is analyzed for each maturity range based on different scenarios that were adjusted in 2011 to reflect the specific situation of FMS-WM and then compared to the liquidity cushion, and analyzed by product group and compared to the internal control limits imposed by Treasury.

Strategic liquidity risks are identified by means of an analysis of the expected funding costs based on the long-term funding structure and the expected cash outflows in accordance with the assumptions under both the winding-up plan and the funding plan.

Risk Analysis and Assessment

In the short 2010 fiscal year, liquidity risk was measured using the method taken over from the HRE Group. In fiscal 2011, a method to model FMS-WM’s liquidity position that is specific to FMS-WM was introduced. Apart from aspects of the liquidity coverage ratio under Basel III, this method also reflects the specific situation of FMS-WM with respect to relevant scenarios.

Analyzing tactical liquidity requires determining the liquidity position by means of the statement of maturity of assets and liabilities (gap profile), which is based on the 24-month forecast for three components:

 

   

Contractual cash inflows and outflows including nostro accounts;

 

   

Assumptions with respect to:

 

   

Extensions of available assets;

 

   

Drawdowns from credit lines granted;

 

   

Availability of the funding instruments; and

 

   

Liquidity effect of market scenarios;

 

   

Liquidity reserve encompassing liquid, free assets eligible for ECB funding purposes.

Several scenarios were newly developed in 2011 with respect to the assumptions. They include both the normal case as the basic assumption as well as various stress scenarios such as the global financial market crisis scenario. This scenario is based on the following assumptions:

 

   

Extension of 75% of all commercial real estate loans where term adjustments are due;

 

   

Drawdown of all credit lines granted;

 

   

Strong aversion to risk on investors’ part, resulting in flight to quality investments with demand for very well secured instruments of issuers with good ratings. As a result, substantial deterioration in the options for extensions on the funding side, e.g., no tri-party repos, no deposits, only 25% of the European Commercial Paper; and

 

   

Market scenarios that would worsen the current liquidity position for a period of 90 days with a confidence level of 95% based on a historical simulation of the market parameters since 2003.

 

-52-


Table of Contents

In 2011, monthly back-testing of the projected liquidity position compared with the actual liquidity position was introduced to enable regular reviews of the adequacy of the assumptions in the scenarios.

Strategic liquidity is determined by analyzing the deviation of the actual funding volume from the funding plan, the deviation of the funding costs from the funding plan as well as funding concentrations.

Risk Steering

Tactical liquidity is managed by the Treasury unit, which is responsible for ensuring the availability of short-term liquidity at any time, allowing for price aspects and the external effects of FMS-WM’s activities. Secured and unsecured money market instruments are available to this end based on an approved product catalogue.

The Capital Markets Funding unit is mainly tasked with ensuring strategic liquidity. To this end, the unit prepares the long-term funding strategy as well as the funding plan derived from it and uses direct access to the capital markets to implement both via issues with maturities of more than one year.

For the purpose of limiting liquidity risk, the scenario that would significantly affect FMS-WM given its funding structure, was selected out of the defined stress scenarios. The Global Financial Market Crisis scenario and a minimum survival period of 90 days were fixed as the limit based on the experience of recent years. Within this period, the liquidity position must be positive even under the premises of the defined scenario such that FMS-WM remains solvent at all times by realizing its liquidity reserve.

The liquidity contingency plan fixes the actions that must be taken in the event of a liquidity shortfall.

Risk Monitoring and Reporting

FMS-WM’s liquidity profile is monitored daily and reported to both the Management Board and the Treasury unit. Risk Controlling monitors compliance with the limit on a daily basis. The following escalation process is carried out in case of limit breaches:

 

   

First: Treasury verifies the limit breach and gives its view of the expected duration of the breach and the actions required to cure it.

 

   

Second: Risk Controlling comments on these measures and monitors their implementation.

 

   

Third: The Management Board is notified immediately of the limit breach.

As long as the limit breach has not been cured, the Management Board and Treasury are kept abreast daily of the degree to which agreed-upon steps have been implemented. ALCO is also informed of the limit breach as part of the regular reporting. In addition, the liquidity position is reported monthly to the Management Board and the Supervisory Board as part of the monthly wind-up report.

Risk Position

Redemption in full of EUR 15 billion in SoFFin-backed securities during the first half of 2011 fully eliminated FMS-WM’s reliance on SoFFin guarantees for its funding; FMS-WM replaced these securities with its own issues.

Given high investor demand for triple-A rated issuers, FMS-WM succeeded in implementing its funding strategy in the money and capital markets and further improved the envisioned diversification of its funding sources in respect of counterparties, products, regions, currencies and maturities.

FMS-WM considerably enhanced its issuing activity under the existing money market programs. In addition, the volume of secured and unsecured money market products (institutional deposits and bilateral repos) was expanded as part of the process of diversifying funding sources. Tri-party repos were established in the first quarter of fiscal 2011 as an additional funding source and expanded throughout the year.

FMS-WM succeeded in establishing itself as a reliable prime frequent issuer on the international capital markets in 2011, its first full fiscal year. This constitutes the implementation of another key element of its funding strategy. It is on this basis that FMS-WM floated EUR 20.8 billion in capital market issues in 2011. This included three strategic EUR benchmark issues with a total volume of EUR 7.5 billion. FMS-WM also floated issues in GBP, USD and SEK and put in place the prerequisites for documenting and floating benchmark issues in both CHF and AUD.

Plans call for the further diversification of funding sources by product, region and currency in 2012 as well.

 

-53-


Table of Contents

FMS-WM reduced its indirect central bank funding in the course of 2011 from EUR 93.3 billion as of December 31, 2010 to EUR 35.2 billion as of December 31, 2011, lowering its reliance on the central bank’s future interest rate and monetary policies. A funding structure that does not entail obtaining liquidity directly from the ECB was fully implemented at the end of March 2012.

As of December 31, 2011, FMS-WM’s positive liquidity cushion was EUR 4.0 billion based on the assumptions of the stress scenario, Global Financial Market Crisis, and pursuant to the defined minimum survival period of 90 days.

Operational Risks

FMS-WM distinguishes three kinds of operational risks: (i) outsourcing risks, (ii) project risks and (iii) other operational risks.

 

   

Outsourcing risk: Refers to potential losses from the outsourcing of services to third parties. Apart from a default of the portfolio servicer, this also includes the risk that services contracted for are not provided at all or not in the stipulated quality or within the stipulated time.

 

   

Project risk: Refers to the risk that FMS-WM cannot adequately fulfill key functions owing to unsuccessful or late implementation of the goals set out in its major strategic projects.

 

   

Other operational risks: This includes all risks of loss arising from the inadequacy or failure of internal processes, people or systems, or due to external events (e.g. defective data quality, process errors, fraud). Pursuant to Basel II, this definition includes legal risks.

The strategy for addressing operational risks aims at avoiding and reducing them through early detection, recording, analysis and monitoring. A timely and meaningful system for reporting events and actions concerning operational risks to the management as part of the wind-up report was put in place in 2011. The aim is to ensure that sufficient data and analyzes are available for minimizing existing operational risks in a targeted fashion.

Risk Identification

FMS-WM established a separate unit for managing and monitoring outsourcing risks in 2011 given the substantial significance of the outsourcing risk. Service provider management within the sourcing department serves to identify risks based on the assessments of the decentralized recipients of the services and the services stipulated in the service level agreements.

FMS-WM established a project risk office in the fourth quarter of 2011 given the equally great significance of the risks from major strategic projects that are related to the preparations for terminating the HRE Group’s portfolio servicing activities. The potential risks are identified with respect to the aims of a given project in a three-stage process that comprises risk reporting, risk categorization and risk recording in the project risk database.

In addition, the portfolio servicer tracks other operational risks by recording relevant loss events in a loss database, conducting the annual operational risk self-assessment and analyzing key risk indicators. Similarly, FMS-WM introduced loss data recording in the fourth quarter of 2011 and carried out the operational risk self assessment across all units for the first time.

Risk Analysis and Assessment

The sourcing department analyzes and measures outsourcing risks by reviewing the specifics of the stipulated services based on performing and evaluating regular surveys among the respective decentralized recipients of the services. The quality of the services rendered is evaluated on the basis of assessment criteria such as timeliness, formal accuracy, substantive completeness, substantive quality, degree to which the tasks and agreements have been implemented as well as internal or external audit comments. Before a contract is made with any newly selected service provider, the sourcing department performs a detailed risk analysis using a standardized questionnaire, which serves as the basis for assessing the materiality of each individual act of outsourcing. This risk analysis is updated as necessary but at least once a year.

Individually identified project risks are analyzed and assessed based on qualitative estimates of their probability of occurring and their potential impact using defined five-stage scales. Combining the two parameters

 

-54-


Table of Contents

yields an overall assessment that entails classifying each individual project risk into a risk matrix. Which combinations are classified as low, high or critical are defined for the matrix. This procedure was introduced in the fourth quarter of 2011 and must be carried out by the project managers in cooperation with the project risk office.

Other operational risks related to the services of the portfolio servicer are analyzed and evaluated ex post facto based on the severity of events that have occurred, on an ongoing basis based on a regular operational risk assessment, as well as by means of stipulated key risk indicators at the portfolio servicer. Potential risks are assessed via the operational risk self assessment by estimating the probabilities of their occurrence and the resulting potential losses.

Risk Steering

Outsourcing risks are managed through regular communication with the various service providers and through measures that are coordinated with them and followed up on by FMS-WM. In this context, among other problems, inadequate services are discussed, and both sides cooperate to bring about improvements. To this end, a three-stage escalation procedure that starts with the responsible staff member and ends with the Executive Board was defined to in accordance with the cooperation agreement at the time material services were outsourced to the HRE Group in 2011.

For purposes of steering material project risks, the steering committee of the given project may adopt suitable steps and Plan B scenarios with the aim of minimizing the effects of such risks and / or the probability of their occurrence. With respect to project risks arising in connection with major strategic projects that have been classified as critical pursuant to the risk matrix, it is mandatory to develop and implement suitable steps and to evaluate any necessary Plan B scenarios.

For potential other operational risks that were classified as critical in the OpRisk self-assessment, action plans and measures are required to be stipulated and implemented with a view to reducing the amount of the loss or the probability of a risk’s occurrence to such an extent that the classification is lowered by at least one stage. Depending on the given responsibilities, these risks are managed by the portfolio servicer or by the responsible department of FMS-WM. Potential steps serving to improve the at-risk situation include introducing the dual-control principle, personnel measures, IT precautions, operational rules and regulations, process documentation or the purchase of insurance policies. A contingency plan was defined in 2011 for all processes critical to operations with the aim of hedging operational risks within FMS-WM. A new-product process serves to lower risks arising in connection with operating new products or restructurings.

FMS-WM uses clearly defined governance structures and processes to manage legal risks. Material audits and disclosures were discussed and documented in connection with the creation of FMS-WM. FMS-WM’s close cooperation with both the portfolio servicer and its supervisory bodies / regulators makes it possible to identify potential future risks early on and avoid them before they arise. External specialists are used as necessary in connection with legal matters. Prior to the portfolio transfer, PBB disclosed legal risks which are rooted in the portfolio that was transferred to FMS-WM without prior due diligence. In its capacity as the portfolio servicer, the HRE Group is responsible for identifying and managing such legal risks. The portfolio servicer is required to minimize and avert all impending legal risks to the greatest extent possible. This applies in particular to litigation risks arising from the litigation taken over. The head of the internal Legal Compliance & Audit unit manages and reviews the portfolio servicer’s work. In particular, FMS-WM counteracts the risk of internal and external fraud based on an ICS and an internal audit unit, and by increasing employees’ risk consciousness and the need for vigilance.

Risk Monitoring and Reporting

The sourcing department is responsible for monitoring outsourcing risks and informing the Management Board via the monthly wind-up report as well as a detailed report on service provider management about outsourcing partners’ services and all related risks.

Measures serving to lower project risks are monitored by the project risk office and documented as to the progress of their implementation. The project risk report contains a detailed overview of all project risks classified as critical or material, their possible causes and potential effects, the assessment of the risks pursuant to the risk matrix as well as recommended steps to manage them and the status thereof. This report has been made available to the Management Board on a regular basis since the first quarter of 2012.

 

-55-


Table of Contents

Other operational risks that concern the services rendered are monitored directly at the portfolio servicer. Defaults that have occurred and the implementation status of key measures, in particular those relating to risks classified as critical in the operational risk self assessment, are reported to both the Management Board and the Supervisory Board on a monthly basis in the wind-up report. The results of the annual OpRisk self assessment are also reported annually to the Management Board and the Supervisory Board along with the results of the internal operational risk self assessment that is conducted by FMS-WM’s risk controlling unit.

Since the third quarter of 2011, the portfolio servicer has been making available a quarterly report on relevant key risk indicators that have been determined in cooperation with the risk controlling unit of FMS-WM; it addresses potential operational risks at the portfolio servicer and is reported to the Management Board along with the results of the risk self-assessment.

The reports described above provide the Management Board with comprehensive information on operational risks both at the portfolio servicer and at FMS-WM.

Risk Position

Outsourcing tasks to the portfolio servicer creates a dependency which FMS-WM can only influence to a very limited extent. Apart from making data and other portfolio-related information available, the portfolio servicer is required to ensure that the employees tasked with the given work possess the requisite know-how and expertise. FMS-WM does not have the ability to influence these matters, either directly or indirectly.

Some of the processes and organizational structures of FMS-WM are also still being established, with the result that FMS-WM will be exposed to increased other operational risks until everything is in place.

Financial losses of EUR 107 thousand from operational risks were incurred in fiscal 2011. While the need to restate certain prior-year figures in fiscal 2011 due to a process error at the portfolio servicer did not trigger any financial losses whatsoever, the service-related internal control system and its documentation by the portfolio servicer were expanded in the wake of this event.

FMS-WM is exposed to the same operational risks as the HRE Group because the latter provides material services pertaining to the management of the portfolio and has access to the systems used for settlement and monitoring purposes. In particular, this includes the following risks which are discussed in the management report of PBB for the year ended December 31, 2011:

 

   

High number of manually recorded transactions;

 

   

High number of different processing and monitoring systems;

 

   

Increased level of susceptibility to errors with regard to the manual processes and controls which are carried out for ensuring data consistency;

 

   

Significant reliance on know-how of key personnel for dealing with the continuing enhancements on the one hand and for operating daily business on the other.

FMS-WM is also exposed to substantial additional risks that arise from its special situation in that it must rely on the portfolio servicer and must replace it by September 2013 pursuant to the requirements of the EU:

 

   

Reliance on the quality of external services;

 

   

Reliance on the success, in terms of both time and quality, of the major strategic projects that pertain to the preparations for terminating the HRE Group’s services by September 2013; and

 

   

Risks from the legal complexity of the transferred portfolio.

Other Risks

In addition to counterparty default risks, market risks, liquidity risks and operational risks, the following risk types are also material to FMS-WM.

Strategic Risk

Given the business model of FMS-WM, risks arising from potentially disadvantageous corporate decisions or lack of reaction by management to changes in FMS-WM’s business environment are particularly relevant to decisions on wind-up strategies and/or other strategic decisions. Detailed and diligent analyses of all advantages and disadvantages of the available options serve to minimize the risk of making wrong decisions.

 

-56-


Table of Contents

Reputational Risk

Given the public’s interest in FMS-WM, the reputational risk has a material and direct impact on the market presence of FMS-WM as well as on assessments by potential funding and hedging partners of FMS-WM.

Reputational risks are managed via coordinated and proactive external communications and the public relations work of the communications unit.

Tax Risk

Tax risk arises from potential changes in tax laws, potential changes in tax rulings, possible errors in the application of tax laws or inadequate deliveries of data. FMS-WM uses clearly defined processes to analyze and manage risks arising from tax laws. It turns to external advisers as necessary in connection with tax matters.

Shareholder Risk

Risks arising from the equity investments transferred to FMS-WM are recorded, managed and monitored via the risk types contained in the given equity investments. The largest equity investments of FMS-WM include receivables or securities and thus are recorded as part of the exposures related to the individual risk types described. Other equity investments comprise project companies to which properties from rescue acquisitions have been contributed. These properties are exposed to risks from changes in their value that are measured as described below.

Real Estate Risk

The commercial real estate III unit currently manages the real estate portfolio that encompasses nothing but rescue acquisitions (takeover of real estate collateral in project companies to limit losses in connection with the realization of collateral). This unit determines the properties’ market prices with the help of external experts and commissions repairs and maintenance measures to maximize the properties’ value. The associated risks are basically managed by renting such properties and selling them with the aim of unwinding the real estate portfolio in ways that maximize its value.

Assessment of the Overall Exposure and Outlook

FMS-WM was established for the purpose of assuming risk positions and non-strategic operations of the HRE Group by transfer and unwinding them in the long term pursuant to a defined winding-up plan aimed at maximizing the value of the assets. Risks arise in particular from the credit risks assumed in connection with the loan business as well as from the securities portfolio of the HRE Group.

FMS-WM is an organizationally and financially independent wind-up institution (Abwicklungsanstalt) under public law with partial legal capacity; pursuant to Section 8a FMStFG, as such it is exempt from specific statutory and regulatory requirements applicable to banks. Under its charter, losses exceeding its equity are offset by its owner’s loss compensation obligation.

The parameters of the portfolio’s unwinding are set out in the winding-up plan. The success of the wind-up activities, as well as several aspects of the business activities, are reviewed on a monthly basis in the wind-up report by comparing them to the winding-up plan. FMS-WM will update the winding-up plan at regular intervals and adjust it to prevailing market developments starting in 2012. Operational risks – especially outsourcing and project risks – and credit risks constitute the primary risks to which FMS-WM is exposed.

The credit risks arise from the portfolio of the HRE Group that was transferred to FMS-WM. With the exception of a few cases related to forced extensions, restructurings and rescue acquisitions subject to strict limits, under its charter FMS-WM may not engage in any new business that entails additional credit risks. In keeping with its wind-up strategy which seeks to maximize the value, FMS-WM works to reduce the credit risks incrementally pursuant to the guidance in the winding-up plan. In addition to regular detailed reports by the portfolio managers, the comprehensive wind-up report informs FMS-WM on a monthly basis of the current status of the credit risks such that it can define and implement suitable measures as necessary.

FMS-WM recognizes risk provisions for at-risk and impaired risk positions by recognizing special loan loss provisions for loans or writing down securities. In addition, general loan loss provisions are recognized for potential default risks in the portfolio. Country risk provisions are recognized as necessary for country risks.

 

-57-


Table of Contents

Market and counterparty risks are subject to stringent limits and extensive monitoring. Changes in the interest rate, foreign exchange and counterparty risks to be monitored arise in particular from permitted and necessary funding and hedging activities.

FMS-WM has been exposed since the start of fiscal 2012 not just to outsourcing risks but also to project risks from the implementation of three major projects that serve to prepare the termination of the HRE Group’s services. Besides aligning the system environment, all relevant IT systems must be duplicated and a functional service unit that is independent of the HRE Group must be established by the end of 2013. A separate department that monitors the progress of the complex projects was already established at the end of 2011 to limit the project risks. This department is allocated to the COO unit and regularly reports in Management Board meetings on the progress of the projects and potential risks.

 

-58-


Table of Contents

INTERNAL CONTROL / RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM RELEVANT

TO THE FINANCIAL REPORTING PROCESS (ICS/RMS)

The internal control and risk management system relevant to the financial reporting process (ICS/ RMS) of FMS-WM serves to ensure compliance with financial reporting standards and requirements and the reliability of the accounting.

Accounting (Finance & Tax department) is assigned to the CRO division and managed by the Head of Risk Control & Portfolio Steering.

FMS-WM has outsourced material aspects of its accounting to the HRE Group, the portfolio servicer. The portfolio servicer and FMS-WM entered into a cooperation agreement on September 30, 2010. Service level agreements concerning the accounting services to be rendered were prepared to that end.

FMS-WM and the portfolio servicer jointly established an ICS and an RMS in respect of the financial reporting process that is appropriate for FMS-WM’s activities. The ICS/RMS of FMS-WM relevant to the financial reporting process basically comprises guidelines and processes that reasonably ensure complete, timely, accurate recognition and booking of transactions on an accrual basis in accordance with statutory and other requirements.

The following services have been outsourced to the portfolio servicer based on service level agreements related to accounting:

 

   

Keeping the general and subsidiary ledgers, maintaining the ledger master data, current bookkeeping as well as payment transactions;

 

   

Preparations for the periodic closing of the books and delivery of all data relevant to bookkeeping and accounting required for preparing the financial statements (annual, monthly and quarterly reporting);

 

   

Refinement of the existing accounting manual of FMS-WM as well as continuous support in decision-making processes relevant to accounting and financial reporting; and

 

   

Preparing reports under regulatory and supervisory requirements.

As portfolio servicer, the HRE Group uses further servicers for fulfilling key aspects of these tasks.

FMS-WM has decision-making authority as to the following methods and decisions related to the accounting process:

 

   

Making decisions on recognition, measurement and disclosure options;

 

   

Providing incoming invoices and booking instructions, e.g. for booking valuations, provisions and deferred taxes.

Above and beyond authority in respect of methods, both the responsibility and the decision-making authority for valuations in individual cases – in particular recognition and reversal of impairment losses on loans, write-downs and write-ups of securities as well as recognition and reversal of provisions – rest with FMS-WM.

The accounting policies of FMS-WM are set out in its accounting manual. It is refined on an ongoing basis and is made available to all relevant areas of FMS-WM. There are also supplementary guidelines.

Strategic and risk-related developments can be considered in accounting and reporting in timely fashion as well because Risk Controlling & Portfolio Steering also belong to the relevant risk and steering committees.

The necessary IT system infrastructure is made available by the portfolio servicer. The accounting department of FMS-WM was given certain read-only rights on systems relevant to bookkeeping and accounting. Timely exchange of data between FMS-WM and the portfolio servicer in respect of the services stipulated in the service level agreements is assured via a Sharepoint server.

The annual financial statements and management report of FMS-WM were prepared in accordance with Section 8a (1) Sentence 10 in conjunction with Section 3a (4) FMStFG and the supplementary provisions of its charter pursuant to the accounting standards of the German Commercial Code for large corporations and the supplementary provisions for credit institutions of the Verordnung über die Rechnungslegung der Kreditinstitute and Finanzdienstleistungsinstitute (German Accounting Directive for Banks and Financial Services Providers – RechKredV).

 

-59-


Table of Contents

Certain quantitative and qualitative components of the annual financial statements and the management report are delivered by the portfolio servicer and by other units of FMS-WM as part of external accounting services. The relevant controlling and monitoring activities are described below.

FMS-WM has implemented various controlling and monitoring mechanisms to ensure the propriety of its bookkeeping. These mechanisms check the statements and disclosures in the annual financial statements as to completeness, approach, accuracy, valuation, rights and obligations, recognition and compliance with the accrual basis of accounting. Controls have been implemented to minimize identified risks. Both the design and the implementation of the controls are embedded in the respective processes through suitable steps to ensure the efficacy of the ICS. The ICS relevant to the financial reporting process constitutes the totality of all measures and activities that ensure compliance with both the codes of conduct specified by the Executive Board of FMS-WM and other laws and thus the reliability of the accounting of FMS-WM, indirectly or directly.

In its totality, the documentation of the internal control system of FMS-WM – including the service-specific documentation of the ICS of the portfolio servicer or the (subsidiary) servicer responsible for the periodic closing of the books – reflects material elements of control related to FMS-WM’s ICS relevant to the financial reporting process. This also includes the dual-control principle, a set of rules allocating authority, a process for releasing invoices and booking vouchers as well as plausibility checks. This puts in place all preconditions for processing and documenting transactions in accordance with statutory requirements, the charter and internal guidelines; it also allows the portfolio servicer to record and book everything in timely fashion.

The existing professional and technical control mechanisms within FMS-WM’s accounting are integrated into the auditing cycles of the internal audit department in future. The portfolio servicer makes any findings from internal and external audits and reviews related to aspects of the outsourced accounting available to FMS-WM. FMS-WM processes these data on its own and allocates them to the service relationships and / or specific service level agreements. Steps designed to ensure the quality of the service relationships are taken based on audit findings if deemed necessary by FMS-WM.

The integration of the portfolio servicer into the ICS of FMS-WM relevant to the financial reporting process is achieved, among others, by the following measures:

 

   

Controls that are integral to the service-specific ICS of the portfolio servicer and were made available to us in the form of various documentations;

 

   

Weekly meetings to coordinate matters with key technical experts; and

 

   

Regular jours fixes of the Executive Boards of FMS-WM and the portfolio servicer.

 

-60-


Table of Contents

MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

Supervisory Board

FMSA appointed the first Supervisory Board (Verwaltungsrat) concurrently with the creation of FMS-WM in July 2010. No particular professional qualifications are required apart from experience and expertise in economics and finance. Persons who have been convicted or are being prosecuted for a felony or property offense are precluded from serving, as are those who have been involved in insolvency proceedings or have otherwise declared bankruptcy. The Supervisory Board is comprised of six members. Members of the Supervisory Board are generally appointed for three-year terms. Reappointments are permitted. The following table sets forth the names and functions of the current members of FMS-WM’s Supervisory Board, the date of their appointment and their principal occupations outside of FMS-WM as of November 7, 2012.

 

Name

   Date of appointment   

Principal occupation

Dr. Karl Kauermann (Chairman)

   July 8, 2010    Businessman

Dr. Christopher Pleister (Deputy Chairman)

   July 8, 2010    Member of the FMSA Steering Committee

Dr. Eckart John von Freyend

   July 8, 2010    Businessman

Rita Geyermann

   August 20, 2010    Director Loan Securitization, KfW Bankengruppe

Dr. Andreas Ricker

   August 20, 2010    Head of Strategy at the Federal Republic’s Finance Agency

Prof. Dr. Harald Wiedmann

   March 22, 2011    Lawyer and Auditor

Employees of FMSA may also take part in Supervisory Board meetings in their role as non-voting representatives of the legal regulatory body (FMSA) and as statutory agents of the owner (SoFFin).

As a whole, the Supervisory Board is charged with the oversight and management of the Executive Board (Vorstand) in particular and FMS-WM as a whole, including functions outsourced to the portfolio servicer. It is also responsible for deciding on the winding-up plan, resolutions concerning deviations from the winding-up plan, the annual wind-up report, appointing and removing members of the Executive Board, enacting rules of procedure for the Executive Board, appointing the auditor and adopting the final accounts. The Supervisory Board provides ongoing advice to the Executive Board on matters of particular strategic significance, and it may reserve decision-making for itself on a case-by-case basis.

In addition to its collective decision-making process, the Supervisory Board has also constituted specialized committees from its members, notably the Risk Committee and the Audit Committee. The Risk Committee of the Supervisory Board is tasked with making particularly important lending decisions on a case-by-case basis for loan applications received and voted upon by the Executive Board. In general, the Risk Committee considers all cases that are particularly relevant to risk (as determined by the risk management process described in “Risk Report – Organizational structure of risk management”), have major effects on profit or loss, or possess major strategic significance.

The Audit Committee is tasked with providing the necessary information for and conducting the review of the annual financial statement and audit.

Subordinate to the Supervisory Board is the Executive Board and the rest of the operational management of FMS-WM.

Executive Board

The Executive Board manages the business of FMS-WM and represents it in and out of court.

The members of FMS-WM’s Executive Board (Vorstand) are appointed by the Supervisory Board. FMS-WM’s Executive Board currently has three members who are appointed for renewable four-year terms. Members of the Executive Board may be removed by either the Supervisory Board or the FMSA for good cause, such as a violation of the felony and bankruptcy provisions in the FMS-WM charter or for gross violation of their duties.

 

-61-


Table of Contents

The FMS-WM charter requires the Executive Board members to exercise prudent, diligent, and sound business judgment and makes them jointly and severally liable for any losses resulting from a breach of that duty. The Executive Board is charged with the business management and legal representation of FMS-WM. It may make legally binding decisions jointly, or it may give power of attorney to one or more persons who may act in concert with each other or, in the case of one person, with another Executive Board Member.

Members of the Executive Board

FMS-WM’s Executive Board currently has three members: Dr. Christian Bluhm, Ernst-Albrecht Brockhaus and Norbert Kickum. Short biographies of the current Executive Board members are set forth below:

Dr. Christian Bluhm

Dr. Christian Bluhm (former head of credit portfolio management at Credit Suisse in Zurich) was appointed effective July 8, 2010. Dr. Bluhm serves as Chief Risk Officer and Chief Financial Officer of FMS-WM and is responsible for credit risk management, risk controlling & portfolio steering, structured products, quantitative analytics, corporate assets and public finance, sovereign finance and communications.

After graduating with a doctorate in mathematics and spending time on research projects in the United States and Germany, Dr. Christian Bluhm worked in risk management for Deutsche Bank before moving to the risk management practice group at McKinsey. In 2001, he joined HypoVereinsbank, where he was responsible for the analysis and assessment of structured credit products as the team leader in credit portfolio management. In 2004, he became head of credit portfolio management at Credit Suisse in Zurich, where he last worked as managing director.

Ernst-Albrecht Brockhaus

Ernst-Albrecht Brockhaus (former director of group treasury and investor relations at Bayerische Landesbank in Munich) was appointed effective September 1, 2010. Mr. Brockhaus is responsible for treasury, capital markets funding, credit markets and derivatives and market advisory.

After graduating in business administration from the University of Cologne, Ernst-Albrecht Brockhaus began his professional career in 1988 as a senior trader for interest derivatives at Trinkaus & Burkhardt. This was followed by positions at Sal. Oppenheim, Commerzbank and Deutsche Bank in asset/liability and product/risk management. In 2000, he joined Deutsche Verkehrsbank as director of the group treasury. From 2002 on, Mr. Brockhaus worked for Bayerische Landesbank, most recently as director of group treasury and investor relations. In this position, he was responsible for both planning and securing liquidity for Bayerische Landesbank’s group-wide treasury governance.

Norbert Kickum

Norbert Kickum (former senior advisor to KPMG AG Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft) was appointed effective March 1, 2012. He serves as Commercial Real Estate Officer of FMS-WM and is responsible for commercial real estate and global workout.

After graduating from the University of Münster with a degree in business administration, Norbert Kickum began his career in 1982 at Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechselbank AG, first as a credit analyst and corporate customer relationship manager and later as a branch and area manager in and outside Germany. He moved to Siemens AG in 1997 and became co-responsible for the newly founded Siemens Financial Services GmbH as one of its managing directors. In 2002, he was appointed as CFO of Thomas Cook AG and, in 2005, as a member of the management board of Aareal Bank AG with responsibility for the bank’s international commercial real estate business. Norbert Kickum was instrumental in establishing and expanding the bank’s business in the three continents of Europe, North America and Asia. Before joining FMS-WM, Norbert Kickum was a seniour advisor for KPMG AG Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft.

Management Board

The Management Board (Geschäftsleitung) is responsible for the operational management of FMS-WM.

Members of the Management Board

FMS-WM’s Management Board is composed of the members of the Executive Board and the General Manager of FMS-WM, Frank Hellwig, who serves as the Chief Operating Officer (“COO”).

 

-62-


Table of Contents

Short biographies of the current Executive Board members can be found under Management and Employees – Executive Board – Members of the Executive Board.” A short biography of Frank Hellwig is set forth below:

Frank Hellwig

After graduating in business administration, Frank Hellwig initially worked at Hypo-Bank AG before moving to HypoVereinsbank AG in 1998 as deputy director of group-wide accounting, management and controlling. From 2003 to 2009, Mr. Hellwig was a member of the management board at Hypo Real Estate Bank AG, where he was responsible for operations, personnel and finance, among others. Most recently, he was head of sourcing and corporate services at Deutsche Pfandbriefbank AG, a position with global responsibilities. He also played a leading role in the formation of FMS-WM.

Management Board Committees

The Management Board has formed several specialized committees to carry out various operational and strategic roles. These include the Management Board’s Risk Committee, the Portfolio Steering Committee, and the Asset and Liability Committee.

The Risk Committee is the corporate body that makes lending decisions in operational terms at the management level of FMS-WM. All members of the Management Board (if absent, their deputies) have the right to vote subject to applicable substitution rules. The Management Board’s Risk Committee makes loan decisions that must be made at the management level because they are relevant to FMS-WM’s exposure to risk.

The Portfolio Steering Committee is primarily responsible for adjustments of the winding-up plan subject to approval by the Supervisory Board and FMSA; recognition of specific and general provisions; adjustments of methods (for all risk types); and strategic decisions in respect of segments (e.g., geographic regions, asset classes, etc.); and general risk management. All members of the Management Board (if absent, their deputies) have the right to vote.

The ALCO serves as the Management Board’s key body tasked with information gathering, monitoring and management activities in connection with strategic decisions related to the structure of FMS-WM’s balance sheet and related liquidity and market risks. All members of the Management Board (if absent, their deputies) have the right to vote subject to applicable substitution rules. ALCO’s main tasks include monitoring the performance of FMS-WM and the structure of its balance sheet in respect of the winding-up plan, discussing its liquidity and market risk exposures (which includes adopting the requisite funding and hedging strategies) as well as fixing the relevant standards and guidelines for management of liquidity and market risks.

Employees

Recruiting highly qualified employees was an immediate priority for the Human Resources department of at FMS-WM following the launch of operations in October 2010. By the end of 2010, all second-tier management had been filled. As of December 31, 2011, 106 out of a target 170 positions had been filled. The target number is dynamically adjusted to the requirements of portfolio management and refinancing efforts.

 

-63-


Table of Contents

DEBT RECORD

Neither FMS-WM nor the Federal Republic has ever defaulted on the payment of principal of, or premium or interest on, any security issued by it.

DESCRIPTION OF NOTES

The following is a brief description of the terms and conditions of the notes offered by FMS-WM and the fiscal agency agreement with respect thereto. The description does not purport to be complete and is qualified in their entirety by reference to the fiscal agency agreement and to the form of global note filed by FMS-WM with the SEC as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus constitutes a part. For a complete description of the notes, you should also read the fiscal agency agreement and the form of global note, a copy of which has been filed as an exhibit to FMS-WM’s registration statement and will be available for inspection on the website of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange at http://www.bourse.lu.

General

The 1.00% notes due 2017 offered hereby will be issued under a fiscal agency agreement (the “Fiscal Agency Agreement”), between FMS-WM and The Bank of New York Mellon, as fiscal agent, principal paying agent, transfer agent and registrar (collectively, the “Fiscal Agent”). The notes constitute direct and unsecured obligations of FMS-WM.

Interest

Interest will be paid on the notes at the rate set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and will be payable on May 21 and November 21 of each year (each, an “Interest Payment Date”), subject to the Business Day Convention as defined below. The notes will bear interest from November 21, 2012 and the initial interest payment will be made on May 21, 2013. Interest will be calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months unadjusted. The notes will mature on November 21, 2017 (the “Maturity Date”). The notes are not subject to any sinking fund.

If an Interest Payment Date or the Maturity Date is a day on which banking institutions are authorized or obligated by law to close in New York or in a place of payment, then payment of principal or interest need not be made on such Interest Payment Date or Maturity Date, as applicable. FMS-WM may make the required payment on the next succeeding day that is not a day on which banking institutions are authorized or obligated by law to close in New York or in the place of payment. The payment will be made with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date or Maturity Date and no additional interest shall accrue for the period from the Interest Payment Date or Maturity Date to the date of actual payment. Such adjustments of the Interest Payment Date or Maturity Date are referred to as the “Business Day Convention.”

Fiscal Agent

The duties of the Fiscal Agent will be governed by the Fiscal Agency Agreement. FMS-WM may replace the Fiscal Agent. FMS-WM may maintain deposit accounts and conduct other banking transactions in the ordinary course of business with the Fiscal Agent. The Fiscal Agent is an agent of FMS-WM, is not a trustee for the holders of the notes and does not have the same responsibilities or duties to act for such holders as would a trustee.

The Fiscal Agent will be responsible for:

 

   

maintaining a record of the aggregate holdings of notes;

 

   

ensuring that payments of principal and interest in respect of the notes received by the Fiscal Agent from FMS-WM are duly credited to the holders of the notes;

 

   

transmitting to FMS-WM any notices from the holders of the notes, or, as described below under “– Notices,” transmitting notices from FMS-WM to holders of the notes; and

The Bank of New York Mellon will be acting in its capacity as Fiscal Agent through its corporate trust office located at 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286.

Payment of Principal and Interest

Interest will be payable to the persons in whose names the notes are registered at the close of business on the date that is 15 calendar days prior to each Interest Payment Date (the “Record Date”). The Record Date may be

 

-64-


Table of Contents

changed by agreement among FMS-WM, the Fiscal Agent and all applicable securities clearing systems. The principal of and interest on the notes will be paid in such coin or currency of the United States as of the time of payment is legal tender for the payment of public and private debts. FMS-WM may change or terminate the designation of paying agents from time to time. Payments of principal and interest at such agencies will be subject to applicable laws and regulations, including any withholding or other taxes, and will be effected by wire transfer to the person entitled to such payment at the person’s address appearing on the register of notes maintained by the security registrar.

FMS-WM will redeem the notes on the Maturity Date at 100% of the principal amount plus accrued but unpaid interest to date.

The notes will be sold in denominations of $200,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.

Any monies paid by FMS-WM to the Fiscal Agent or any paying agent for the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) or interest, respectively, on any notes that remain unclaimed at the end of ten years or five years, respectively, after such principal (or premium, if any) or interest shall have become due and payable (whether at maturity or otherwise) shall then be repaid to FMS-WM upon its written request. Upon such repayment all liability of the Fiscal Agent and any paying agent with respect to such monies shall cease. Any obligation FMS-WM may have to pay the principal of (or premium, if any, on) the notes shall terminate at the end of ten years after such principal or premium shall have become due and payable. Any obligation FMS-WM may have to pay any interest on the notes shall terminate at the end of five years after such interest shall have become due and payable.

Redemption

The notes shall not be redeemed prior to maturity.

No Payment of Additional Amounts

All payments of principal and interest on the notes will be subject to any fiscal or other laws and regulations applicable thereto. FMS-WM has no obligation to pay you any additional amounts in respect of the notes as a result of possible withholding or deduction for taxes pursuant to any such law and/or regulations. Accordingly, the holder will, in the event of any such withholding or deduction, receive less than he or she would have received without such withholding or deduction.

Ranking

The obligations under the notes constitute unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of FMS-WM ranking pari passu among themselves and pari passu with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of FMS-WM, unless such obligations are given priority under mandatory provisions of statutory law.

Negative Pledge

The notes will not contain a negative pledge provision.

Events of Default

Each holder will be entitled to declare its notes due and demand immediate redemption of the principal amount of its notes together with accrued but unpaid interest (if any) to the date of repayment, in the event that:

 

   

FMS-WM fails to pay principal or interest within 30 days from the relevant due date;

 

   

FMS-WM fails to duly perform any other obligation arising from the notes which failure is not capable of remedy or, if such failure is capable of remedy, such failure continues for more than 30 days after the Fiscal Agent has received notice thereof from a holder;

 

   

FMS-WM announces its inability to meet its financial obligations or ceases its payments;

 

   

a court opens insolvency proceedings against FMS-WM or FMS-WM applies for or institutes such proceedings or offers or makes an arrangement for the benefit of its creditors generally;

 

-65-


Table of Contents
   

FMS-WM goes into liquidation unless this is done in connection with a merger, or other form of combination with another company and such company assumes all obligations contracted by FMS-WM, as the case may be, in connection with this issue;

 

   

any governmental or administrative order, decree or enactment shall be made in or by the Federal Republic whereby FMS-WM is prevented from observing and performing in full its obligations as set forth in the terms and conditions of the notes and this situation is not cured within 90 days; or

 

   

the loss compensation obligation of the SoFFin with respect to the obligations of FMS-WM (including these notes) ceases to exist or SoFFin does not compensate losses of FMS-WM in due course.

The right to declare notes due shall terminate if the situation giving rise to it has been cured before the right is exercised.

Notice

Any notice, including any notice declaring notes due, in connection with events of default shall be made by means of a written declaration in the German or English language delivered to the specified office of the Fiscal Agent together with proof that such holder at the time of such notice is a holder of the relevant notes.

Amendments (Collective Action Clause)

The holders of the notes may agree with FMS-WM to amend the terms or conditions contained in the notes or the Fiscal Agency Agreement with the affirmative vote by the holders of the notes representing not less than 50% of the principal amount of the notes then outstanding. However, amendments of the terms and conditions of the notes or the Fiscal Agency Agreement which relate to the following matters require the affirmative vote by the holders of not less than 75% of the principal amount of the notes then outstanding:

 

  (1) changes in the due date for the payment of interest or the reduction or elimination of the interest rate on the notes;

 

  (2) changes in the due date for the payment of the principal on the notes;

 

  (3) reduction of the principal amount on the notes;

 

  (4) subordination of outstanding amounts payable under the notes in insolvency proceedings of FMS-WM;

 

  (5) conversion or exchange of the notes into equity securities or other types of securities of FMS-WM;

 

  (6) exchange and release of collateral on the notes, if any;

 

  (7) change in the currency of the notes;

 

  (8) waiver of or limitations on termination rights of the holders of notes; and

 

  (9) substitution of FMS-WM as payment obligor on the notes.

Such resolutions voted by the applicable majority of the holders of notes of a series shall be binding on all holders of notes. Amendments made to the terms or conditions contained in the notes or the Fiscal Agency Agreement which do not provide for identical conditions for all holders of notes shall be void, unless the disadvantaged holders of notes have given an express consent to such unequal conditions.

FMS-WM may, in agreement with the Fiscal Agent but without the vote or consent of the holders of the notes, modify any of the terms and conditions of the Fiscal Agency Agreement and the notes for the purpose of:

 

  (1) adding to FMS-WM’s covenants for the benefit of the holders of the notes;

 

  (2) surrendering any right or power conferred on FMS-WM;

 

  (3) securing the notes;

 

  (4) curing any ambiguity or correcting or supplementing any defective provision of the Fiscal Agency Agreement or the notes; or

 

  (5) amending the Fiscal Agency Agreement or the notes of any series for any purpose that FMS-WM may consider necessary or desirable that does not adversely affect the interests of the holders of the notes of that series in any material respect.

 

-66-


Table of Contents

Jurisdiction

FMS-WM will accept the jurisdiction of any state or federal court in the City of New York, in respect of any action arising out of or based on the notes that may be maintained by any holder of those notes. FMS-WM will appoint Corporation Service Company, 1180 Avenue of the Americas, Suite 210, New York, NY 10036 as its authorized agent upon which process in any such action may be served. FMS-WM will irrevocably waive any immunity to which it might otherwise be entitled in any action arising out of or based upon the notes brought in any state or federal court in the City of New York.

FMS-WM is also subject to suit in competent courts in the Federal Republic to the extent permitted by German Law.

Governing Law

The Fiscal Agency Agreement and the notes will be governed by, and interpreted in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York, except that all matters governing FMS-WM’s authorization of issuance of any notes shall be governed by the laws of the Federal Republic.

Further Issues

FMS-WM may from time to time, without notice to or the consent of the holders of the notes, create and issue further notes having the same terms and conditions as the notes in all respects (or in all respects except for the issue date, issue price and, if applicable, the first interest payment thereon) and such further notes shall be consolidated and form a single series with the notes outstanding.

Repurchase

FMS-WM may repurchase notes at any time and price in the open market or otherwise. Notes repurchased by FMS-WM may, at FMS-WM’s discretion, be held, resold (subject to compliance with applicable securities and tax laws) or surrendered to the Fiscal Agent for cancellation.

Notices

All notices will be published in a daily English language newspaper of general circulation in London (expected to be the Financial Times) and in New York (expected to be The Wall Street Journal), provided that for so long as any notes are represented by global notes; notices may be given by delivery of the relevant notice to DTC by FMS-WM or the Fiscal Agent for communication by DTC to its participants in substitution for publication in any such newspaper. If at any time publication in any such newspaper is not practicable, notices will be valid if published in an English language newspaper selected by FMS-WM with general circulation in the respective market regions. In addition, so long as any of the notes are listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange and the rules of that Exchange so require, such notices will be published on the website of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange at http://www.bourse.lu. Any such notice shall be deemed to have been given on the date of such publication or, if published more than once on different dates, on the first date on which publication is made.

 

-67-


Table of Contents

CLEARING AND SETTLEMENT

The information set forth below with respect to DTC, Euroclear (as defined below) or CBL (as defined below), which are collectively referred to as the “clearing systems,” is subject to any change in, or reinterpretation of, the rules, regulations and procedures of the clearing systems currently in effect. The information concerning the clearing systems has been obtained from sources that FMS-WM believes to be reliable. Investors wishing to use the facilities of any of the clearing systems are advised to confirm the continued applicability of the rules, regulations and procedures of the relevant clearing system. FMS-WM will not have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to, or payments made on account of, interests in the notes held through the facilities of any clearing system or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests of any noteholder.

Certification and Custody

Clearing and settlement arrangements, including the existing links between Euroclear Bank SA/NV, as operator of the Euroclear System (“Euroclear”), and Clearstream Banking, société anonyme, Luxembourg (“CBL”) and the participation of these systems in DTC, will provide investors access to three major clearing systems. At initial settlement, the notes will be represented by one or more permanent global certificates without interest coupons which will not be exchangeable for definitive certificates representing individual notes except in very limited circumstances described under “– The Clearing Systems – DTC.” The global certificates, which are to be held by a custodian for DTC, will be issued in registered form in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of DTC, and will represent the notes credited to accounts maintained with DTC by financial institutions that are participants in DTC (“DTC participants”). The notes are expected to be accepted for clearing and settlement through DTC on the closing date. Euroclear and CBL participate in DTC, and, accordingly, notes held by investors electing to hold notes through financial institutions that are participants in Euroclear (“Euroclear participants”) and customers of CBL (“CBL customers”) are also represented by the global certificates.

The notes represented by the global certificates will equal the total aggregate principal amount of the notes outstanding at any time. The noteholders as the owners of beneficial interests in the global certificates will not be entitled to have notes registered in their names, and will not be entitled to receive physical delivery of definitive certificates representing individual notes. FMS-WM may issue definitive certificates representing individual notes in limited circumstances described under “– The Clearing Systems – DTC.”

Payments

Principal and interest payments on the notes will be made to the registered holder in U.S. dollars as set forth under Description of Notes – Payment of Principal and Interest.” All payments duly made by or on behalf of FMS-WM to, or to the order of, the registered holder will discharge FMS-WM’s liability under the notes to the extent of the sum or sums so paid. Therefore, after such payments have been duly made, neither FMS-WM nor the paying agent has any direct responsibility or liability for the payment of principal or interest on the notes to owners of beneficial interests in the global certificates. Payments by DTC participants and indirect DTC participants (as defined under “– The Clearing Systems – DTC”) to owners of beneficial interests in the global certificates will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices and will be the responsibility of the DTC participants or indirect DTC participants as described below. Neither FMS-WM nor the paying agent will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records of DTC relating to or payments made by DTC on account of beneficial interests in the global certificates or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records of DTC relating to such beneficial interests. Substantially similar principles will apply with regard to Euroclear and CBL participants.

Transfers

Title to book-entry interests in the notes will pass by book-entry registration of the transfer within the records of DTC, Euroclear or CBL, as the case may be, in accordance with their respective procedures. Book-entry interests in the notes may be transferred within DTC, Euroclear or CBL, as the case may be, in accordance with their respective procedures established for this purpose. Transfers of book-entry interests in the notes between any of DTC, Euroclear and CBL may be effected in accordance with the procedures established for this purpose by DTC, Euroclear and CBL.

 

-68-


Table of Contents

The Clearing Systems

Overview

Beneficial interests in the global certificates will be represented through book-entry accounts at financial institutions acting on behalf of the noteholders as direct and indirect participants in DTC. An investor may elect to hold beneficial interests in the global certificates directly through either DTC, Euroclear or CBL, if such investor is a participant in any such system, or indirectly through an organization which is a participant in any such system. Euroclear and CBL will hold interests on behalf of their participants through customer securities accounts in the name of Euroclear and CBL on the books of their respective depositories, which in turn will hold such interests in customer securities accounts in their respective names on the books of DTC.

DTC

DTC is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a “banking organization” within the meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code and a “clearing agency” registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. DTC holds securities that DTC participants deposit with DTC. DTC also facilitates the post-trade settlement among DTC participants of sales and other securities transactions in deposited securities, through electronic computerized book-entry transfers and pledges between DTC participants’ accounts. This eliminates the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC participants include both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations. DTC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation (“DTCC”). DTCC is, in turn, owned by the users of its regulated subsidiaries. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, and clearing corporations that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC participant, either directly or indirectly (“indirect DTC participants”). The DTC Rules applicable to its participants are on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Purchases of notes under the DTC system must be made by or through direct DTC participants, which will receive a credit for the notes on DTC’s records. The ownership interest of each beneficial owner of notes in DTC is, in turn, to be recorded on the direct and indirect DTC participants’ records. Beneficial owners will not receive written confirmations from DTC of their purchase. Beneficial owners are, however, expected to receive written confirmations providing details of the transaction, as well as periodic statements of their holdings, from the direct or indirect DTC participant through which the beneficial owner entered into the transaction. Transfers of ownership interests in the notes are to be accomplished by entries made on the books of direct and indirect DTC participants acting on behalf of beneficial owners. Beneficial owners will not receive certificates representing their ownership interests in notes, except in certain limited circumstances set forth below.

To facilitate subsequent transfers, all notes deposited by direct DTC participants with DTC are registered in the name of DTC’s nominee, Cede & Co., or such other name as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. The deposit of notes with DTC and their registration in the name of Cede & Co., or such other DTC nominee, do not effect any change in beneficial ownership. DTC has no knowledge of the actual beneficial owners of the notes; DTC’s records reflect only the identity of the direct DTC participants to whose accounts such notes are credited, which may or may not be the beneficial owners. The direct and indirect DTC participants will remain responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of their customers.

Conveyance of notices and other communications by DTC to direct DTC participants, by direct DTC participants to indirect DTC participants, and by direct DTC participants and indirect DTC participants to beneficial owners will be governed by arrangements among them, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time.

Payment of principal of and interest on the notes will be made to Cede & Co., or any other DTC nominee. DTC’s practice is to credit direct DTC participants’ accounts upon DTC’s receipt of funds and corresponding detail information from us or the paying agent, on the relevant payment date in accordance with their respective holdings shown on DTC’s records. Payments by DTC participants to beneficial owners will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such DTC participant and not of DTC, the paying agent, or us, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to

 

-69-


Table of Contents

time. Payment of principal of and interest on the notes to Cede & Co., or any other DTC nominee, is our or the paying agent’s responsibility, disbursement of such payments to direct DTC participants will be the responsibility of DTC, and disbursement of such payments to the beneficial owners will be the responsibility of direct and indirect DTC participants.

DTC may discontinue providing its services as depository with respect to the notes at any time by giving reasonable notice to us or the paying agent. Under such circumstances, in the event that a successor depository is not obtained, definitive certificates representing individual notes are required to be printed and delivered.

CBL

CBL is incorporated under the laws of Luxembourg. CBL holds securities for its customers and facilitates the clearing and settlement of securities transactions between CBL customers through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of CBL customers, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates. Transactions may be settled in CBL in various currencies, including U.S. dollars. CBL provides to its customers, among other things, services for safekeeping, administration, clearing and settlement of internationally traded securities and securities lending and borrowing to CBL customers. CBL also deals with domestic securities markets in many countries through established depository and custodial relationships.

CBL is registered as a bank in Luxembourg and, as such, is subject to regulation by the Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier, which supervises Luxembourg banks. CBL, as operator of a designated securities settlement system as referred to in Article 10 of the Directive on Settlement Finality (98/26/EC) under Luxembourg law, is also supervised by the Central Bank of Luxembourg.

CBL customers are financial institutions around the world, including underwriters, securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations and may include the managers. Indirect access to CBL is available to other institutions that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with an accountholder of CBL. CBL has established an electronic bridge with Euroclear to facilitate settlement of trades between CBL and Euroclear.

Distributions with respect to notes held beneficially through CBL will be credited to cash accounts of CBL customers in accordance with CBL’s rules and procedures, to the extent received by its U.S. depository.

Euroclear

Euroclear holds securities and book-entry interests in securities for participating organizations and facilitates the clearing and settlement of securities transactions between Euroclear participants as defined in the Terms and Conditions Governing Use of Euroclear as amended from time to time and between Euroclear participants and participants of certain other securities settlement systems through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of such participants or through other securities intermediaries.

Euroclear provides Euroclear participants, among other things, with safekeeping, administration, clearing and settlement, securities lending and borrowing, and related services. Euroclear participants are investment banks, securities brokers and dealers, banks, central banks, supranationals, custodians, investment managers, corporations, trust companies and certain other organizations. Certain of the managers may be Euroclear participants.

Clearing and Settlement. Although Euroclear has agreed to the procedures provided below in order to facilitate transfers of securities among Euroclear participants and between Euroclear participants and participants of other securities settlement systems, it is under no obligation to perform or continue to perform such procedures and such procedures may be modified or discontinued at any time.

Initial Distribution. Investors electing to acquire notes through an account with Euroclear or some other securities intermediary must follow the settlement procedures of such an intermediary with respect to the settlement of new issues of securities. Notes to be acquired against payment through an account with Euroclear will be credited to the securities clearing accounts of the respective Euroclear participants in the securities processing cycle for the business day following the settlement date for value as of the settlement date.

 

-70-


Table of Contents

Secondary Market. Investors electing to acquire, hold or transfer notes through an account with Euroclear or some other securities intermediary must follow the settlement procedures of such an intermediary with respect to the settlement of secondary market transactions in securities. Euroclear will not monitor or enforce any transfer restrictions with respect to the notes offered herein.

Custody. Investors who are participants in the Euroclear system may acquire, hold or transfer interests in the notes by book-entry to accounts with Euroclear. Investors who are not participants in the Euroclear system may acquire, hold or transfer interests in the notes through accounts with a participant in the Euroclear system or any other securities intermediary that holds a book-entry interest in the notes through one or more securities intermediaries standing between such other securities intermediary and Euroclear.

Custody Risk. Investors that acquire, hold and transfer interests in the notes by book-entry through accounts with Euroclear or any other securities intermediary are subject to the laws and contractual provisions governing their relationship with their securities intermediary, as well as the laws and contractual provisions governing the relationship between such securities intermediary and each other securities intermediary, if any, standing between such securities intermediary and Euroclear.

Global Clearing and Settlement Procedures

Initial Settlement

All of the notes will initially be registered in the name of Cede & Co., the nominee of DTC. CBL and Euroclear may hold omnibus positions on behalf of their participants through customers’ securities accounts in CBL’s and/or Euroclear’s names on the books of their respective U.S. depository, which, in turn, holds such positions in customers’ securities accounts in its U.S. depository’s name on the books of DTC.

Holders of the notes may hold their notes through DTC (in the United States) or CBL or Euroclear (in Europe) if they are participants of such systems, or directly through organizations that are participants in such systems.

Customary settlement procedures will be followed for participants of each system at initial settlement. Settlement procedures applicable to the domestic U.S. dollar-denominated bond market will be followed for primary market purchasers which are participants in DTC, and notes will be credited to their securities accounts on the settlement date against payment in U.S. dollars in same-day funds. Investors electing to hold their notes through Euroclear or CBL accounts will follow the cross-border settlement procedures for the U.S. market. Notes will be credited to the securities clearance accounts of Euroclear and CBL holders either on the issue date or on the settlement day following the relevant issue date and, in case of settlement against payment, the related cash will be booked with value date equal to the relevant issue date.

Secondary Market

Secondary market trading between DTC participants (other than U.S. depositories) will be settled using the procedures applicable to U.S. corporate debt obligations in same-day funds.

Secondary market trading between Euroclear participants and CBL customers will be settled using the procedures also applicable to conventional Eurobonds.

Cross-market transfers between participants in DTC, on the one hand, and Euroclear participants or CBL customers, on the other hand, will be effected through DTC in accordance with DTC’s rules on behalf of Euroclear or CBL, as the case may be, by their respective depositories. Cross-market transactions will require delivery of instructions to Euroclear and CBL, as the case may be, by the counterparty in the relevant system in accordance with the rules and procedures and within the established deadlines of the relevant system. Euroclear or CBL, as the case may be, will, if the transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver instructions to its respective depositories to support settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving interests in the global notes in DTC, and making or receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for same-day funds settlement applicable to DTC. Euroclear participants or CBL customers may not deliver instructions directly to the depositories for Euroclear or CBL. After settlement has been completed, the securities will be credited to the respective clearing system and by the clearing system, in accordance with its usual procedures, to the Euroclear participant’s or CBL customers’ accounts. Due to time zone differences, credit for the securities will appear either on the same day or on the business day following the relevant DTC settlement day on the accounts of

 

-71-


Table of Contents

Euroclear participants or CBL customers, as the case may be. Therefore cash credit or debit on the Euroclear participants or CBL customers’ accounts, as the case may be, will be back-valued to, and the interest on the notes will accrue from, the value date (which would be the preceding day, i.e., the DTC settlement day). If settlement is not completed on the intended value date (i.e., the trade fails), the Euroclear or CBL cash credit or debit will be valued instead as of the actual settlement date.

Because the settlement is taking place during New York business hours, DTC participants can employ their usual procedures for sending securities to the applicable U.S. depository for the benefit of Euroclear participants or CBL customers. The sale proceeds will be available to the DTC seller on the settlement date. Thus, to the DTC participant, a cross-market transaction will settle no differently from a trade between two DTC participants.

 

-72-


Table of Contents

RESPONSIBILITY OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC FOR FMS-WM

FMS-WM’s obligations are ultimately backed by the full faith and credit of the Federal Republic. Pursuant to Section 7 of FMS-WM’s charter, SoFFin is obligated to provide FMS-WM liquidity support and loss compensation. The Federal Republic, in turn, is directly liable for SoFFin’s obligations pursuant to Section 5 of the FMStFG. However, creditors, including holders of the notes, do not have a direct claim against SoFFin and the Federal Republic. For more information on FMS-WM’s public purpose and relationship with the Federal Republic, please see “FMS-WM.”

SoFFin’s Liquidity Support and Loss Compensation Obligations

SoFFin is obligated to provide FMS-WM with such amounts as are necessary for FMS-WM to fully satisfy its obligations when due and to compensate it for any losses it may incur.

Liquidity Support Obligation. FMS-WM has established a liquidity management system that seeks to ensure that FMS-WM has sufficient liquidity to cover its three-month liquidity requirements under stress scenario assumptions at all times. According to Section 7(1) of FMS-WM’s charter, SoFFin is under an obligation to FMS-WM and FMSA, to promptly, however not later than the third business day upon first demand by the Executive Board (if applicable, even prior to maturity of FMS-WM liabilities), pay those amounts which the Executive Board in its due discretion deems necessary in order to ensure that FMS-WM is always in a position to meet its liabilities in full and in a timely manner, i.e., SoFFin shall be liable to FMS-WM and FMSA for the liabilities entered into. In its supervisory capacity, the FMSA may, to the extent required, direct the Executive Board to take such action. To date, FMS-WM has not required liquidity support from SoFFin. The following chart illustrates SoFFin’s liquidity support obligation:

 

LOGO

Loss Compensation Obligation. As permitted by the FMStFG, Section 7(1) of FMS-WM’s charter provides that SoFFin is required to offset any losses sustained by FMS-WM. FMS-WM has incurred and may continue to incur substantial losses. Specifically, FMS-WM realized losses of EUR 9.961 billion in 2011 and EUR 3.041 billion in 2010. In accordance with its loss compensation obligations, SoFFin fully compensated FMS-WM for these losses by permitting FMS-WM to record the loss compensation claims against SoFFin as assets on its balance sheet.

SoFFin has a claim for repayment of the funds paid by it to FMS-WM in order to enable FMS-WM to meet its liabilities. Such repayment will, however, only be made if the Executive Board determines, exercising the reasonable discretion of a prudent businessman, that despite the repayment,

 

  (a) FMS-WM will be in a position to fully meet its liabilities that become due within the next six months (as of the date the repayment is made), as they fall due, and

 

  (b) the winding-up plan can be complied with.

The Federal Republic’s Liability for SoFFin’s Obligations

Section 5 of the FMStFG provides that the Federal Republic is directly liable for the obligations of SoFFin. In fact, any debt incurred by SoFFin is accounted for as direct debt of the Federal Republic. SoFFin’s obligations are thus effectively obligations of the Federal Republic.

 

-73-


Table of Contents

TAXATION

United States Taxation

This section describes the material United States federal income tax consequences of owning the debt securities FMS-WM is offering. It is the opinion of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, FMS-WM’s counsel. It applies to you only if you acquire debt securities in the offering at the offering price and you hold your debt securities as capital assets for tax purposes. This section does not apply to you if you are a member of a class of holders subject to special rules, such as:

 

   

a dealer in securities or currencies,

 

   

a trader in securities that elects to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for your securities holdings,

 

   

a bank,

 

   

a life insurance company,

 

   

a tax-exempt organization,

 

   

a person that owns debt securities that are a hedge or that are hedged against interest rate risks,

 

   

a person that owns debt securities as part of a straddle or conversion transaction for tax purposes,

 

   

a person that purchases or sells notes as part of a wash sale for tax purposes, or

 

   

a United States holder (as defined below) whose functional currency for tax purposes is not the U.S. dollar.

If you purchase debt securities at a price other than the offering price, the amortizable bond premium or market discount rules may also apply to you. You should consult your tax advisor regarding this possibility.

This section is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, its legislative history, existing and proposed regulations under the Internal Revenue Code, published rulings and court decisions, all as currently in effect. These laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis.

If a partnership holds the debt securities, the United States federal income tax treatment of a partner will generally depend on the status of the partner and the tax treatment of the partnership. A partner in a partnership holding the debt securities should consult its tax advisor with regard to the United States federal income tax treatment of an investment in the debt securities.

Please consult your own tax advisor concerning the consequences of owning these debt securities in your particular circumstances under the Internal Revenue Code and the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction.

United States Holders

This subsection describes the tax consequences to a United States holder. You are a United States holder if you are a beneficial owner of a debt security and you are:

 

   

a citizen or resident of the United States,

 

   

a domestic corporation,

 

   

an estate whose income is subject to United States federal income tax regardless of its source, or

 

   

a trust if a United States court can exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and one or more United States persons are authorized to control all substantial decisions of the trust.

If you are not a United States holder, this subsection does not apply to you and you should refer to “United States Alien Holders” below.

Payments of Interest. You will be taxed on interest on your debt security as ordinary income at the time you receive the interest or when it accrues, depending on your method of accounting for tax purposes.

 

-74-


Table of Contents

Interest paid by us on the debt securities is income from sources outside the United States, subject to the rules regarding the foreign tax credit allowable to a United States holder. Under the foreign tax credit rules, interest will, depending on your circumstances, be either “passive” or “general” income for purposes of computing the foreign tax credit.

Purchase, Sale and Retirement of the Debt Securities. Your tax basis in your debt security generally will be its cost. You will generally recognize capital gain or loss on the sale or retirement of your debt securities equal to the difference between the amount you realize on the sale or retirement, excluding any amounts attributable to accrued but unpaid interest, and your tax basis in your debt securities. Capital gain of a noncorporate United States holder is generally taxed at preferential rates where the property is held for more than one year.

Medicare Tax. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012, a United States holder that is an individual or estate, or a trust that does not fall into a special class of trusts that is exempt from such tax, will be subject to a 3.8% tax on the lesser of (1) the United States holder’s “net investment income” for the relevant taxable year and (2) the excess of the United States holder’s modified adjusted gross income for the taxable year over a certain threshold (which in the case of individuals will be between $125,000 and $250,000, depending on the individual’s circumstances). A holder’s net investment income will generally include its interest income and its net gains from the disposition of notes, unless such interest income or net gains are derived in the ordinary course of the conduct of a trade or business (other than a trade or business that consists of certain passive or trading activities). If you are a United States holder that is an individual, estate or trust, you are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the applicability of the Medicare tax to your income and gains in respect of your investment in the notes.

United States Alien Holders

This subsection describes the tax consequences to a United States alien holder. You are a United States alien holder if you are a beneficial owner of a debt security and you are, for United States federal income tax purposes:

 

   

a nonresident alien individual,

 

   

a foreign corporation, or

 

   

an estate or trust that in either case is not subject to United States federal income tax on a net income basis on income or gain from a debt security.

If you are a United States holder, this subsection does not apply to you.

Payments of Interest. Under United States federal income and estate tax law, and subject to the discussion of backup withholding below, if you are a United States alien holder of a note interest on a note paid to you is exempt from United States federal income tax, including withholding tax, whether or not you are engaged in a trade or business in the United States, unless:

 

   

you are an insurance company carrying on a United States insurance business to which the interest is attributable, within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code, or

 

   

you both have an office or other fixed place of business in the United States to which the interest is attributable and derive the interest in the active conduct of a banking, financing or similar business within the United States.

Purchase, Sale, Retirement and Other Disposition of the Debt Securities. If you are a United States alien holder of a debt security, you generally will not be subject to United States federal income tax on gain realized on the sale, exchange or retirement of a debt security unless:

 

   

the gain is effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or business in the United States, or

 

   

you are an individual, you are present in the United States for 183 or more days during the taxable year in which the gain is realized and certain other conditions exist.

For purposes of the United States federal estate tax, the debt securities will be treated as situated outside the United States and will not be includible in the gross estate of a holder who is neither a citizen nor a resident of the United States at the time of death.

 

-75-


Table of Contents

Information with Respect to Foreign Financial Assets

Owners of “specified foreign financial assets” with an aggregate value in excess of $50,000 (and in some circumstances, a higher threshold) may be required to file an information report with respect to such assets with their tax returns. “Specified foreign financial assets” may include financial accounts maintained by foreign financial institutions, as well as the following, but only if they are not held in accounts maintained by financial institutions: (i) stocks and securities issued by non-United States persons, (ii) financial instruments and contracts held for investment that have non-United States issuers or counterparties, and (iii) interests in foreign entities. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of this legislation to their ownership of the notes.

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

If you are a noncorporate United States holder, information reporting requirements, on Internal Revenue Service Form 1099, generally will apply to:

 

   

payments of principal and interest on a debt security within the United States, including payments made by wire transfer from outside the United States to an account you maintain in the United States, and

 

   

the payment of the proceeds from the sale of a debt security effected at a United States office of a broker.

Additionally, backup withholding will apply to such payments if you are a noncorporate United States holder that:

 

   

fails to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number,

 

   

is notified by the Internal Revenue Service that you have failed to report all interest and dividends required to be shown on your federal income tax returns, or

 

   

in certain circumstances, fails to comply with applicable certification requirements.

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be refunded or credited against the holder’s United States federal income tax liability, if any, provided that the required information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service in a timely manner.

If you are a United States alien holder, you are generally exempt from backup withholding and information reporting requirements with respect to:

 

   

payments of principal and interest made to you outside the United States by us or another non-United States payor and

 

   

other payments of principal and interest and the payment of the proceeds from the sale of a debt security effected at a United States office of a broker, as long as the income associated with such payments is otherwise exempt from United States federal income tax, and:

 

   

the payor or broker does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that you are a United States person and you have furnished to the payor or broker (1) an Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or an acceptable substitute form upon which you certify, under penalties of perjury, that you are a non-United States person, or (2) other documentation upon which it may rely to treat the payments as made to a non-United States person in accordance with U.S. Treasury regulations, or

 

   

you otherwise establish an exemption.

Payment of the proceeds from the sale of a debt security effected at a foreign office of a broker generally will not be subject to information reporting or backup withholding. However, a sale of a debt security that is effected at a foreign office of a broker will be subject to information reporting and backup withholding if:

 

   

the proceeds are transferred to an account maintained by you in the United States,

 

   

the payment of proceeds or the confirmation of the sale is mailed to you at a United States address, or

 

   

the sale has some other specified connection with the United States as provided in U.S. Treasury regulations,

 

-76-


Table of Contents

unless the broker does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that you are a United States person and the documentation requirements described above are met or you otherwise establish an exemption.

In addition, a sale of a debt security effected at a foreign office of a broker will be subject to information reporting if the broker is:

 

   

a United States person,

 

   

a controlled foreign corporation for United States tax purposes,

 

   

a foreign person 50% or more of whose gross income is effectively connected with the conduct of a United States trade or business for a specified three-year period, or

 

   

a foreign partnership, if at any time during its tax year:

 

   

one or more of its partners are “U.S. persons,” as defined in U.S. Treasury regulations, who in the aggregate hold more than 50% of the income or capital interest in the partnership, or

 

   

such foreign partnership is engaged in the conduct of a United States trade or business,

unless the broker does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that you are a United States person and the documentation requirements described above are met or you otherwise establish an exemption. Backup withholding will apply if the sale is subject to information reporting and the broker has actual knowledge that you are a United States person.

German Taxation

The following is a general discussion of certain German tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the notes offered by FMS-WM. This discussion does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase these notes. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular purchaser. This summary is based on the laws of the Federal Republic currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive or retrospective effect.

Prospective purchasers of the notes are advised to consult their own tax advisors as to the tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the notes, including the effect of any state or local taxes, under the tax laws applicable in the Federal Republic and each country of which they are residents.

Income Tax

– Notes Held by Tax Residents as Private Assets

Taxation of Interest. Payments of interest on the notes to its holders who are tax residents of the Federal Republic (i.e., persons whose residence or habitual abode is located in the Federal Republic) are subject to German income tax (Einkommensteuer). In each case where German income tax arises, a solidarity surcharge (Solidaritätszuschlag) is levied in addition to such tax. Furthermore, church tax may be levied, where applicable. If coupons or interest claims are disposed of separately (i.e., without the notes), the proceeds from the disposition are subject to income tax. The same applies to proceeds from the redemption of coupons or interest claims if the note is disposed of separately.

On payments of interest on the notes to individual tax residents of the Federal Republic, income tax is generally levied as a flat income tax at a rate of 25% (plus the solidarity surcharge in an amount of 5.5% of such tax resulting in a total tax charge of 26.375%, and, if applicable, church tax). The total investment income of an individual will be decreased by a lump sum deduction (Sparer-Pauschbetrag) of EUR 801 (EUR 1,602 for married couples filing jointly), rather than by a deduction of expenses actually incurred.

If the notes are held in a custodial account which the note holder maintains with a German branch of a German or non-German credit institute (Kreditinstitut) or financial services institution (Finanzdienstleistungsinstitut) or with a securities trading business (Wertpapierhandelsunternehmen) or with a securities trading bank (Wertpapierhandelsbank) (each within the meaning of the KWG) in the Federal Republic (the “Disbursing Agent”), the flat income tax will be levied by way of withholding at the aforementioned rate from the gross interest payment to be made by the Disbursing Agent.

 

-77-


Table of Contents

In general, no withholding tax will be levied if the note holder is an individual (i) whose note does not form part of the property of a trade or business and (ii) who filed a withholding exemption certificate (Freistellungsauftrag) with the Disbursing Agent, but only to the extent the interest income derived from the note together with other investment income does not exceed the maximum exemption amount shown on the withholding exemption certificate. Similarly, no withholding tax will be deducted if the note holder has submitted to the Disbursing Agent a certificate of non-assessment (Nichtveranlagungsbescheinigung) issued by the relevant local tax office.

If no Disbursing Agent is involved in the payment process, the note holder will have to include its income on the notes in its tax return and the flat income tax of 25% (plus the solidarity surcharge and, if applicable, church tax) will be collected by way of assessment.

Payment of the flat income tax will generally satisfy any income tax liability (including the solidarity surcharge and, if applicable, church tax) of the note holder with respect to such investment income. Note holders may apply for a tax assessment on the basis of general rules applicable to them if the resulting income tax burden is lower than 25%.

Taxation of Capital Gains. From January 1, 2009, capital gains realized by individual tax residents of the Federal Republic from the disposition or redemption of notes acquired after December 31, 2008 will be subject to the flat income tax on investment income at a rate of 25% (plus the solidarity surcharge in an amount of 5.5% of such tax, resulting in a total tax charge of 26.375%, and, if applicable, church tax), irrespective of any holding period. This will also apply to notes for which the principal is effectively repaid in whole or in part although the repayment was not guaranteed.

If the notes are held in a custodial account which the note holder maintains with a Disbursing Agent, the flat income tax will be levied by way of withholding from the difference between the redemption amount (or the proceeds from the disposition) and the issue price (or the purchase price) of the note. If the notes have been transferred to the custodial account of the Disbursing Agent only after their acquisition, and no evidence on the acquisition data has been provided to the new Disbursing Agent by the Disbursing Agent which previously held the notes in its custodial account, withholding tax will be levied on 30% of the proceeds from the disposition or redemption of the notes.

If no Disbursing Agent is involved in the payment process, the note holder will be required to include capital gains from the disposition or redemption of the notes in its tax return and the flat income tax of 25% (plus the solidarity surcharge and, if applicable, church tax) will be collected by way of assessment.

Payment of the flat income tax will generally satisfy any income tax liability (including the solidarity surcharge and, if applicable, church tax) of the note holder with respect to such investment income. Note holders may apply for a tax assessment on the basis of general rules applicable to them if the resulting income tax burden is lower than 25%.

– Notes Held by Tax Residents as Business Assets

Payments of interest on the notes and capital gains from the disposition or redemption of notes held as business assets by German tax resident individuals or corporations (including via a partnership, as the case may be), are generally subject to German income tax or corporate income tax (Körperschaftsteuer) (in each case, plus the solidarity surcharge and, if applicable, church tax in case of individuals). The interest and capital gain will also be subject to trade tax (Gewerbesteuer) if the notes form part of the property of a German trade or business. The trade tax rate depends on the municipal multiplier of the respective municipality.

If the notes are held in a custodial account which the note holder maintains with a Disbursing Agent, tax at a rate of 25% (plus the solidarity surcharge and, if applicable, church tax in case of individuals) will also be withheld from interest payments on notes held as business assets. The same also applies, since January 1, 2009, generally to capital gains from the disposition or redemption of notes held as business assets. In these cases, the withholding tax does not satisfy the income tax liability of the note holder, as in the case of the flat income tax, but will be credited as advance payment against the personal income or corporate income tax liability (plus the solidarity surcharge and, if applicable, church tax in case of individuals) of the note holder.

Generally, with regards to capital gains, no withholding will be required for notes held by corporations resident in Germany, provided that, regarding corporations of certain legal forms, the status of the corporation has been evidenced by a certificate of the competent tax office. The same also applies to notes, upon application, held by individuals or partnerships as business assets.

 

-78-


Table of Contents

– Notes Held by Non-Residents

Interest and capital gains are not subject to German taxation for non-residents (i.e., persons having neither their residence nor their habitual abode nor legal domicile nor place of effective management in the Federal Republic), unless the notes form part of the business property of a permanent establishment (Betriebsstätte) including a permanent representative (ständiger Vertreter) maintained in the Federal Republic. Interest may, however, also be subject to German income tax if it otherwise constitutes taxable income in the Federal Republic, such as income from the letting and leasing of certain German-situs property or income from certain capital investments directly or indirectly secured by German-situs real estate.

Non-residents of the Federal Republic are, in general, exempt from German withholding tax on interest and capital gains and from any solidarity surcharge thereon. However, if the interest or capital gain is subject to German taxation, as set forth in the preceding paragraph, and the notes are held in a custodial account with a Disbursing Agent, withholding tax will be levied as explained above under “– Notes Held by Tax Residents as Private Assets” or under “– Notes Held by Tax Residents as Business Assets,” respectively.

Inheritance and Gift Tax

No inheritance or gift taxes with respect to any note will generally arise under the laws of the Federal Republic, if, in the case of inheritance tax, neither the decedent nor the beneficiary, or in the case of gift tax, neither the donor nor the donee, is a resident of the Federal Republic and such note is not attributable to a German trade or business for which a permanent establishment is maintained, or a permanent representative has been appointed, in the Federal Republic. Exceptions to this rule apply to certain German citizens who previously maintained a residence in the Federal Republic.

Other Taxes

No stamp, issue, registration or similar taxes or duties will be payable in the Federal Republic in connection with the issuance, delivery or execution of the notes. Currently, a net assets tax (Vermögensteuer) is not levied in the Federal Republic.

EU Savings Tax Directive

Under the EU Council Directive 2003/48/EC dated June 3, 2003, on the taxation of savings income in the form of interest payments (the “EU Savings Tax Directive”), each EU Member State must require paying agents (within the meaning of such directive) established within its territory to provide to the competent authority of the state details of the payment of interest made to any individual resident in another EU Member State as the beneficial owner of the interest. The competent authority of the EU Member State of the paying agent is then required to communicate this information to the competent authority of the EU Member State of which the beneficial owner of the interest is a resident.

For a transitional period, Austria, Belgium and Luxembourg may instead opt to withhold tax from interest payments within the meaning of the EU Savings Tax Directive at a rate of 35% from July 1, 2011. Since January 1, 2010, Belgium has applied the information procedure described above.

Conforming with the prerequisites for the application of the EU Savings Tax Directive, a number of non-EU countries and territories, including Switzerland and Liechtenstein, agreed to apply measures equivalent to those contained in such directive (a withholding system in Switzerland’s case).

In the Federal Republic, provisions for implementing the EU Savings Tax Directive were enacted by legislative regulations of the Federal Government. These provisions have applied since July 1, 2005.

 

-79-


Table of Contents

UNDERWRITING

FMS-WM has offered the notes through Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch, Goldman Sachs International and HSBC Bank plc as underwriters. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement with FMS-WM, dated the date of this prospectus, the underwriters have agreed to purchase, and FMS-WM has agreed to sell to the underwriters, $2,000,000,000 in principal amount of notes as indicated in the table below:

 

     Principal amount
of notes
 

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

   $ 500,000,000   

Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch

   $ 500,000,000   

Goldman Sachs International

   $ 500,000,000   

HSBC Bank plc

   $ 500,000,000   
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 2,000,000,000   
  

 

 

 

The underwriting agreement provides that the underwriters are obligated to purchase all of the notes if any are purchased.

The underwriters propose to offer the notes initially at the offering price on the cover page of this prospectus.

The underwriters may offer such notes to selected dealers at the public offering price minus a selling concession of up to 0.125% of the principal amount of the notes. In addition, the underwriters may allow, and those selected dealers may reallow, a selling concession to certain other dealers of up to 0.125% of the principal amount of the notes. After the initial offering, the underwriters may change the public offering price and other selling terms.

FMS-WM has agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.

The total expenses of the offering, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions, are estimated to amount to approximately $1,126,300.

The notes are a new issue of securities with no established trading market. FMS-WM has been advised by the underwriters that they presently intend to make a market in the notes after completion of the offering. However, they are under no obligation to do so and may discontinue any market-making activities at any time without any notice. No assurance can be given with respect to the liquidity of the trading market for the notes or that an active public market for the notes will develop. If an active public trading market for the notes does not develop, the market price and liquidity of the notes may be adversely affected.

In connection with this offering, the underwriters may, subject to applicable laws and regulations, purchase and sell the notes in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, stabilizing transactions and purchases to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of notes than they are required to purchase in this offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of certain bids or purchases made for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the notes while the offering is in progress.

These activities by the underwriters may stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of the notes. As a result, the price of the notes may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. If these activities are commenced, they may be discontinued by the underwriters at any time.

Settlement

FMS-WM expects that delivery of the notes will be made to purchasers of the notes on or about November 21, 2012, which will be the fifth business day following the date of pricing of the notes (such settlement being referred to as “T+5”). Under Rule 15c6-1 under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, trades in the secondary market are required to settle in three business days, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade notes prior to the delivery of the

 

-80-


Table of Contents

notes hereunder will be required, by virtue of the fact that the notes will initially settle in T+5, to specify an alternate settlement arrangement at the time of any such trade to prevent a failed settlement. Purchasers of the notes who wish to trade the notes prior to their date of delivery hereunder should consult their advisors.

Other Relationships

The underwriters and their affiliates from time to time have provided certain investment banking, commercial banking and financial advisory services to us, for which they have received customary fees, commissions and other payments, and they may provide these services to us in the future, for which they would receive customary fees, commissions and other payments.

Selling Restrictions

General

Each underwriter has represented and agreed that it will comply to the best of its knowledge and belief, with all applicable laws and regulations in force in any jurisdiction in which it purchases, offers, sells or delivers notes or possesses or distributes the prospectus and will obtain any consent, approval or permission required by it for the purchase, offer, sale or delivery by it of the notes under the laws and regulations in force in any jurisdiction to which it is subject or in which it makes such purchases, offers, sales or deliveries and that neither FMS-WM nor any other underwriter shall have any responsibility therefor.

Each underwriter has represented and agreed that it will offer, sell and deliver or otherwise convey the notes only to the ECB, any other central bank or to institutional investors such as banks, insurers or other entities or persons which are regularly engaged in or established for the purposes of making, purchasing or investing in loans, securities or other financial assets, and not to non-institutional investors.

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (“United Kingdom”)

Each underwriter has represented and agreed that:

(i) in relation to notes which have a maturity of less than one year, (a) it is a person whose ordinary activities involve it in acquiring, holding, managing or disposing of investments (as principal or agent) for the purposes of its business and (b) it has not offered or sold and will not offer or sell any such notes other than to persons whose ordinary activities involve them in acquiring, holding, managing or disposing of investments (as principal or agent) for the purposes of their businesses or who it is reasonable to expect will acquire, hold, manage or dispose of investments (as principal or agent) for the purposes of their businesses where the issue of the notes would otherwise constitute a contravention of Section 19 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (the “FSMA”) by FMS-WM;

(ii) it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated any invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of Section 21 of the FSMA) received by it in connection with the issue or sale of any notes in circumstances in which Section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to FMS-WM; and

(iii) it has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to any notes in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

Japan

Each underwriter has acknowledged that the notes have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instrument and Exchange Law of Japan (Law No. 25 of 1948, as amended) (the “Financial Instrument and Exchange Law”). Each underwriter has represented and agreed that it will not offer or sell any notes, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to a resident of Japan except only pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Financial Instrument and Exchange Law and any applicable laws, regulations and guidelines of Japan.

 

-81-


Table of Contents

LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the notes will be passed upon on behalf of FMS-WM by Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, and on behalf of the underwriters by Hogan Lovells US LLP. Sullivan & Cromwell LLP and Hogan Lovells US LLP may rely as to certain matters on the opinion of FMS-WM’s in-house counsel. All statements in this prospectus with respect to FMS-WM’s backing by the Federal Republic have been passed upon by FMS-WM’s in-house counsel, and are included upon their authority.

 

-82-


Table of Contents

AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE

The Authorized Representative of FMS-WM in the United States of America is Puglisi & Associates, whose address is 850 Library Avenue, Suite 204, Newark, Delaware 19711.

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

The financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, including the balance sheets, the income statements, the notes to the financial statements, the cash flow statements and the statements of changes in equity have been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers Aktiengesellschaft Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft, independent auditor, as stated in their report appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon their report.

The auditor’s reports (Bestätigungsvermerke) have been issued in accordance with Section 322 of the HGB on the annual financial statements and the management report (Lagebericht) of FMS-WM as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 and the short business year ended December 31, 2010. The management reports are neither included nor incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement.

OFFICIAL STATEMENTS AND DOCUMENTS

The information set forth in this prospectus relating to the Federal Republic is stated by Dr. Anne Deter in her official capacity as Head of Division (Ministerialrätin) in the Federal Ministry of Finance. The documents referred to in the information relating to the Federal Republic as being the sources of financial or statistical data set forth in that information are in all cases official public documents of the Federal Republic or its agencies, with the exception of the International Financial Statistics of the International Monetary Fund and documents released by the European Union on its official website, which are official public documents of those international organizations.

LIMITATIONS ON ACTIONS AGAINST THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC

The Federal Republic will not waive any immunity from jurisdiction in the United States for any purpose. The Federal Republic is, however, subject to suit in competent courts in Germany. The U.S. Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (the “FSIA”) may provide an effective means of service and preclude granting sovereign immunity in actions in the United States arising out of or based on the U.S. federal securities laws. Under the FSIA, execution upon the property of the Federal Republic in the United States to enforce a judgment is limited to an execution upon property of the Federal Republic used for the commercial activity on which the claim was based. A judgment of a U.S. state or federal court may not be enforceable in a German court if based on jurisdiction based on the FSIA or if based on the U.S. federal securities laws or if such enforcement would otherwise violate German public policy or be inconsistent with German procedural law. Under the laws of the Federal Republic, the property of the Federal Republic is not subject to attachment or to seizure.

ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES

FMS-WM is located in the Federal Republic and the members of the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board, as well as the experts and governmental officials referred to in this prospectus, are nonresidents of the United States, and all or a substantial portion of the assets of FMS-WM and of certain of such other persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for investors to effect service within the United States upon such persons, or to realize in the United States upon judgment of United States courts against such persons, including judgments predicated upon civil liabilities under the United States securities laws. There may be doubt as to the enforceability in the German courts in original actions of liabilities predicated upon such securities laws and as to the enforceability in such courts of judgments of United States courts including judgments imposing liabilities predicated upon such securities laws.

 

-83-


Table of Contents

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

The registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, including its various exhibits, is available to the public over the internet at the SEC’s website: http://www.sec.gov. You may also read and copy these documents at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Conventional Reading Room, at the following address:

SEC Conventional Reading Room

100 F Street, N.E.

Room 1580

Washington, D.C. 20549

Please call the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about how to access the documents the FMS-WM has filed with it.

GENERAL INFORMATION

The issuance of the notes was duly authorized by FMS-WM’s Management Board pursuant to a resolution dated October 23, 2012.

Application has been made for the notes to be admitted to the Euro MTF Market of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange. The listing prospectus will be published on the website of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange (www.bourse.lu) so long as any of the notes are outstanding and listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange.

The notes have been accepted for clearance through DTC. The global notes have been assigned ISIN No. US30254WAA71, CUSIP No. 30254WAA7 and Common Code No. 085699105.

FMS-WM will appoint The Bank of New York Mellon as paying agent and transfer agent with respect to the notes. A copy of the Fiscal Agency Agreement will be available for inspection at the office of The Bank of New York Mellon, 101 Barclay Street, New York, NY 10286, USA. In addition, a copy of the current, and any future, published annual and interim report of FMS-WM may be obtained free of charge at the office of The Bank of New York Mellon (Luxembourg) S.A., Vertigo Building – Polaris, 2-4 rue Eugène Ruppert, L-2453 Luxembourg.

 

-84-


Table of Contents

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

Financial Statement Index

 

Audited Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2011

     F-2   

Report of the Independent Auditor for the year ended December 31, 2011

     F-28   

Audited Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2010

     F-29   

Report of the Independent Auditor for the year ended December 31, 2010

     F-50   

 

F-1


Table of Contents

Audited Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2011

Annual financial statements

Balance sheet

of FMS Wertmanagement as at 31 December 2011

 

Assets

   in € thousand      in € thousand      31.12.2011
in €  thousand
     31.12.2010
in €  thousand
 

1.

 

Loans and advances to banks

           
 

a)

 

Payable on demand

        28,430,893            22,747,044   
 

b)

 

Other receivables

        21,177,938            20,539,734   
                 49,608,831         43,286,778   

2.

 

Loans and advances to customers

           29,258,509         34,812,087   
 

of which:

secured by mortgages € 2,230,299 thousand (previous year: € 606,824 thousand) public-sector loans € 9,830,968 thousand (previous year: € 10,417,533 thousand)

           

3.

 

Debt instruments

           
 

a)

 

Bonds and notes

           
   

aa)

 

Public-sector issuers

     57,385,793               62,674,221   
     

of which:

eligible as collateral for Deutsche Bundesbank advances
€ 33,248,007 thousand (previous year: € 40,473,765 thousand)

           
   

ab)

 

Other issuers

     58,384,970               65,357,539   
     

of which:

eligible as collateral for Deutsche Bundesbank advances € 9,749,913 thousand (previous year: € 16,243,780 thousand)

        115,770,763            128,031,760   
 

b)

 

Own debt instruments

        129,219,608            115,743,616   
   

Principal amount € 128,985,000 thousand (previous year:
€ 115,574,751 thousand)

           244,990,371         243,775,376   

4.

 

Other long-term equity investments

           6,719         6,719   
 

of which:

in banks € 0 thousand (previous year: € 0 thousand)

           
 

of which:

in financial services institutions € 0 thousand (previous year: € 0 thousand)

           

5.

 

Shares in affiliated companies

           386,929         315,681   
 

of which:

in banks € 0 thousand (previous year: € 0 thousand)

           
 

of which:

in financial services institutions € 324,337 thousand (previous year: € 253,129 thousand)

           

6.

 

Fiduciary assets

           495         479   
 

of which:

fiduciary loans € 495 thousand (previous year: € 479 thousand)

           

7.

 

Intangible fixed assets

           
 

Purchased concessions, industrial and similar rights and assets, and licences in such rights and assets

           1,624         2,026   

8.

 

Tangible fixed assets

           786         165   

9.

 

Other assets

           9,985,237         3,068,908   

10.

 

Prepaid expenses

           7,526,334         8,018,482   

Total assets

           341,765,835         333,286,701   

 

F-2


Table of Contents

Equity and liabilities

   in € thousand      31.12.2011
in € thousand
     31.12.2010
in € thousand
 

1.

 

Liabilities to banks

        
 

a)

 

Payable on demand

     142,322            810,100   
 

b)

 

With agreed maturity or notice period

     112,437,836            164,800,515   
            112,580,158         165,610,615   

2.

 

Liabilities to customers

        
 

Other liabilities

        
 

a)

 

Payable on demand

     39,995            230,575   
 

b)

 

With agreed maturity or notice period

     21,521,404            2,219,371   
            21,561,399         2,449,946   

3.

 

Securitised liabilities

        
 

Debt instruments issued

        181,557,894         139,651,229   

4.

 

Fiduciary liabilities

        495         479   
 

of which:

Fiduciary loans € 495 thousand (previous year: € 479 thousand)

        

5.

 

Other liabilities

        1,726,808         1,330,404   

6.

 

Deferred income

        22,242,888         23,873,212   

7.

 

Provisions

        
 

Other provisions

        2,096,193         370,816   

8.

 

Equity

        
 

a)

 

Called capital

        
   

Subscribed capital

     200            200   
   

less uncalled unpaid contributions to subscribed capital

     0            0   
            200         200   
 

b)

 

Capital reserves

        1,800         1,800   
 

c)

 

Retained earnings

        0         0   
 

d)

 

Net accumulated losses

        –2,000         –2,000   
            0         0   

Total equity and liabilities

        341,765,835         333,286,701   

1.

 

Contingent liabilities

        
 

Contingent liabilities from guarantees and indemnity agreements

        11,671,874         16,828,552   

2.

 

Other obligations

        
 

Irrevocable loan commitments

        4,301,698         2,157,693   

 

F-3


Table of Contents

Income statement

of FMS Wertmanagement for the period from 1 January until 31 December 2011

 

Income statement

   in € thousand      in € thousand      01.01. –
31.12.2011
in €
thousand
     08.07. –
31.12.2010
in €
thousand
 

1.

  Interest income from            
  a)   Lending and money market transactions      14,051,206               3,148,713   
  b)   Fixed-income securities and registered government debt      3,300,044               939,506   
          17,351,250            4,088,219   

2.

  Interest expenses         –16,798,631            –3,942,242   
             552,619         145,977   

3.

  Commission income         173,754            25,704   

4.

  Commission expenses         –114,805            –112,016   
             58,949         –86,312   

5.

  Other operating income            30,406         15,835   

6.

  General and administrative expenses            
  a)   Personnel expenses            
    aa)    Wages and salaries      –12,217               –1,251   
    ab)    Social security, post-employment and other employee benefit costs      –1,802               –281   
       of which: in respect of post-employment benefits € 705 thousand (previous year: € 226 thousand)         –14,019            –1,532   
  b)   Other administrative expenses         –332,998            –127,390   
             –347,017         –128,922   

7.

  Depreciation, amortisation and write-downs of intangible and tangible fixed assets            –533         –144   

8.

  Other operating expenses            –701         –16,600   

9.

  Write-downs of and valuation allowances on receivables and certain securities, and additions to loan loss provisions         –1,850,495            –1,947,636   

10.

  Income from reversals of write-downs of receivables and certain securities and from the reversal of loan loss provisions         0            0   
             –1,850,495         –1,947,636   

11.

  Write-downs of and valuation allowances on other equity investments, shares in affiliated companies and securities classified as fixed assets         –8,403,979            –1,023,093   

12.

  Income from reversals of write-downs of other equity investments, shares in affiliated companies and securities classified as fixed assets         0            0   
             –8,403,979         –1,023,093   

13.

  Result from ordinary activities            –9,960,751         –3,040,895   

14.

  Taxes on income            –8,294         0   

15.

  Other taxes not included in “Other operating expenses” (item 8)            0         –1   

16.

  Income from loss absorption            9,969,045         3,038,896   

17.

  Net income / loss for the fiscal year            0         –2,000   

18.

  Accumulated losses brought forward            –2,000         0   

19.

  Net accumulated losses            –2,000         –2,000   

 

F-4


Table of Contents

Cash flow statement

of FMS Wertmanagement for the period from 1 January until 31 December 2011

 

Cash flow statement

   01.01.2011 –
31.12.2011
in € thousand
     08.07.2010 –
31.12.2010
in € thousand
 
  1.       Net income / loss for the period before extraordinary items      0         – 2,000   
      Non-cash items included in net income / loss for the period and reconciliation to cash flow from operating activities      
  2.    +/–    Depreciation, amortisation, write-downs and reversals of write-downs on receivables, tangible fixed assets and financial assets      10,042,550         2,736,742   
  3.    +/–    Increase / decrease in provisions      1,725,377         308,215   
  4.    +/–    Other non-cash expenses / income      –9,994,613         –3,038,084   
  5.    –/+    Profit / loss from the sale of financial assets and tangible fixed assets      0         0   
  6.    –/+    Other adjustments (net)      –552,620         0   
  7.    =    Subtotal      1,220,694         4,873   
      Change in assets and liabilities from operating activities      
  8.       Loans and advances      
        a.    +/–   

to banks

     –6,773,770         –65,205,099   
        b.    +/–   

to customers

     3,887,536         –36,065,721   
  9.    +/–    Securities      3,997,059         –129,192,960   
10.    +/–    Other assets from operating activities      476,048         –8,048,493   
11.       Liabilities      
        a.    +/–   

to banks

     –53,027,382         190,077,277   
        b.    +/–   

to customers

     19,111,453         2,449,946   
12.    +/–    Securitised liabilities      28,427,598         23,907,613   
13.    +/–    Other liabilities from operating activities      –1,200,041         25,265,405   
14.    +    Interest and dividends received      17,351,250         4,088,219   
15.       Interest paid      –16,798,631         –3,942,242   
16.    +    Extraordinary receipts      0         0   
17.       Extraordinary payments      0         0   
18.    +/–    Income tax payments      –8,294         0   
19.    =    Cash flows from operating activities      –3,336,480         3,338,818   
20.       Proceeds from disposal of      0         0   
        a.    +   

long-term financial assets

     0         0   
        b.    +   

tangible fixed assets

     0         0   
21.       Payments for investments in      
        a.      

long-term financial assets

     0         0   
        b.      

tangible fixed assets and intangible assets

     –752         –309   
22.    +    Receipts from the disposal of affiliated companies      0         0   
23.       Acquisition of affiliated companies      0         –328,506   
24.    +/–    Change in cash from other investing activities (net)      0         –2,026   
25.    =    Cash flows from investing activities      –752         –330,841   
26.    +    Cash receipts from issue of capital      0         2,000   
27.       Cash payments to shareholders      
        a.       Dividend payments      0         0   
        b.       Other payments      0         0   
28.    +/–    Change in cash from other capital sources (net)      3,068,800         0   
29.    =    Cash flows from financing activities      3,068,800         2,000   
30.       Net change in cash funds (sum total of items 19, 25, 29)      –268,431         3,009,977   
31.    +/–    Effect on cash funds of exchange rate movements and remeasurement      0         0   
32.    +    Cash funds at beginning of period      3,009,977         0   
33.    =    Cash funds at end of period      2,741,546         3,009,977   

The cash flow statement was prepared using the indirect method. The cash funds reported comprise demand deposits with banks that are payable on demand.

 

F-5


Table of Contents

The following company-specific aspects were taken into account in calculating the previous year’s comparative figures:

The risk positions and non-strategic operations transferred to FMS Wertmanagement were treated as cash items in the cash flow statement.

Furthermore, given FMS’s focus on winding up the assets transferred to it, the bonds and notes that were taken over on 1 October 2010 and classified under fixed assets were not assigned to the cash flows from investing activities (item 21a) but to cash flows from operating activities (item 9).

 

F-6


Table of Contents

Statement of changes in equity

for the period from 1 January until 31 December 2011

 

     Balance at
01.01.2011
in € thousand
     Other change
in equity

in € thousand
     Appropriation of
net income / loss
in € thousand
     Balance at
31.12.2011
in € thousand
 

Subscribed capital

     200         0         0         200   

Capital reserves

     1,800         0         0         1,800   

Retained earnings

     0         0         0         0   

Net accumulated losses

     –2,000         0         0         –2,000   

Equity as defined by German commercial law

     0         0         0         0   

Statement of changes in equity

for the period from 8 July until 31 December 2010

 

     Balance at
08.07.2010
in € thousand
     Other change
in equity

in € thousand
     Appropriation of
net income / loss
in € thousand
     Balance at
31.12.2010
in € thousand
 

Subscribed capital

     0         200         0         200   

Capital reserves

     0         1,800         0         1,800   

Retained earnings

     0         0         0         0   

Net accumulated losses

     0         0         –2,000         –2,000   

Equity as defined by German commercial law

     0         2,000         –2,000         0   

 

F-7


Table of Contents

Notes

General information

Legal framework

FMS Wertmanagement was founded on 8 July 2010 and recorded in the Commercial Register of the Munich Local Court on 13 September 2010.

Under agreements dated 29 and 30 September 2010, a portfolio with a nominal value of around EUR 175.7 billion (excluding derivatives) was transferred to FMS Wertmanagement effective 1 October 2010. For this, the Federal Agency for Financial Market Stabilisation (Bundesanstalt für Finanzmarktstabilisierung – FMSA) – acting as necessary on behalf of the German Financial Market Stabilisation Fund (Sonderfonds Finanzmarktstabilisierung – SoFFin), Hypo Real Estate Holding AG (HRE), Deutsche Pfandbriefbank AG (pbb), Depfa Bank plc and other companies of the HRE Group as well as FMS Wertmanagement entered into a number of agreements pursuant to which certain risk positions and non-strategic operations of the HRE Group were to be transferred to FMS Wertmanagement in accordance with Section 8a of the German Law Establishing a Financial Market Stabilisation Fund (Gesetz zur Errichtung eines Finanzmarktstabilisierungsfonds – FMStFG).

The transferors, pbb and HRE, transferred risk positions and non-strategic operations to FMS Wertmanagement, partly by way of a spin-off for absorption, in accordance with Section 8a (1) and (8) FMStFG in conjunction with Section 123 (2) No. 1 and Section 131 of the German Reorganisation and Transformation Act (Umwandlungsgesetz – UmwG). The risk positions and non-strategic operations that were not transferred by way of the spin-off were transferred to FMS Wertmanagement by way of a subparticipation, assignment, novation or guarantee. Which approach was chosen depended on the different legal, regulatory and tax requirements of the respective countries governing the respective transaction. What is common to all means of transfer however, is that FMS Wertmanagement assumed the economic risk of the risk positions and non-strategic operations. The spin-offs were recorded in the respective German Commercial Register for HRE and pbb as well as for FMS Wertmanagement on 2 December 2010.

The contracts signed on 29 and 30 September 2010 also included the intragroup “concentration agreements” between HRE on the one hand and pbb, Depfa Bank plc and other companies of the HRE Group on the other hand. These concentration agreements established that HRE had a claim under the German law of obligations to the transfer by the HRE Group companies of the risk positions and non-strategic operations. HRE spun of its contractual position and its claims and obligations under the concentration agreements to FMS Wertmanagement as part of the aforementioned spin-off. The concentration agreements were performed directly between the respective HRE Group company and FMS Wertmanagement by way of the aforementioned subparticipations, assignments, novations or guarantees.

FMS Wertmanagement is an organisationally and financially independent winding-up institution under public law with partial legal capacity that may engage in legal transactions in its own name, sue and be sued in court. It is regulated and supervised by FMSA and the Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin).

In accordance with the law and the Charter of FMS Wertmanagement, SoFFin is under an obligation to compensate losses. Accordingly, until FMS Wertmanagement is liquidated, SoFFin has the obligation to pay, on first demand by the Executive Board of FMS Wertmanagement, all amounts required in the Executive Board’s due assessment for ensuring that the winding-up institution can pay all its liabilities at any time when due and in full and to cover all losses of FMS Wertmanagement.

In accordance with its Charter, FMS Wertmanagement has also currently outsourced the administration of the risk assets transferred to it by the HRE Group to pbb (portfolio servicer) through a notarised cooperation agreement having an indefinite term. The work outsourced to pbb entails many of the administrative activities connected with the portfolio taken over. The scope of this outsourcing is described in service level agreements concluded between FMS Wertmanagement and pbb. FMS Wertmanagement alone has the ultimate decision-making powers and responsibility for the risk assets under management. The cooperation agreement additionally contains extensive rights to obtain information and the right to inspection, designed to enable FMS Wertmanagement to monitor and control pbb’s management of the risk assets. The agreement between FMS Wertmanagement and pbb may be terminated for the first time effective 30 September 2013 giving notice of twelve months. Pursuant to existing EU requirements, the cooperation agreement between FMS Wertmanagement and the HRE Group must be terminated no later than 30 September 2013.

 

F-8


Table of Contents

Accounting principles

These annual financial statements of FMS Wertmanagement were prepared in accordance with Section 8a (1) sentence 10 in conjunction with Section 3a (4) of the German Law Establishing a Financial Market Stabilisation Fund (Gesetz zur Einrichtung eines Finanzmarktstabilisierungsfonds – FMStFG) and the supplementary provisions of its Charter pursuant to the provisions of the German Commercial Code for large corporations, the supplementary provisions of the German Commercial Code (Handelsgesetzbuch – HGB) for credit institutions and financial services institutions as well as the requirements of the German Accounting Directive for Banks and Financial Services Providers (Verordnung über die Rechnungslegung der Kreditinstitute und Finanzdienstleistungsinstitute – RechKredV).

Since FMS Wertmanagement is a capital market oriented company as defined by Section 264d HGB, it has expanded its annual financial statements to include a statement of changes in equity and a cash flow statement in accordance with Section 264 (1) Sentence 2 HGB. A management report has also been prepared.

Accounting policies

Assets, liabilities as well as prepaid expenses and deferred income are recognised in accordance with Section 246 ff. HGB. Assets, liabilities and executory contracts are measured based on the principles of Section 252 ff. HGB in conjunction with Section 340 ff. HGB. Pursuant to Section 2 (1) RechKredV, FMS Wertmanagement used Form 1 to structure the balance sheet and Form 3 (vertical presentation format) for the income statement.

FMS Wertmanagement acquired assets, provisions, liabilities, prepaid expenses and deferred income as well as derivatives effective as at 1 October 2010 for accounting purposes. The transfer of assets is recognised in line with general principles; with respect of the assets acquired as part of the spin-off for absorption (Section 123 (2) No. 1 UmwG) recognition is based on Section 24 UmwG. The company made use of the option in Section 24 UmwG, which provides for a continuation of the transferring entity’s book values.

Those book values were used if the assets were transferred to FMS Wertmanagement under the concentration agreements described in the chapter entitled “Legal framework”. If the transferor prepares its accounting pursuant to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), the IFRS book value corresponds to FMS Wertmanagement’s acquisition cost. The IFRS book value contains hedge adjustments for loans, advances and securities that were reported in micro hedges; the hedge adjustments related to securities are reported under the item “debt instruments” and those for loans under prepaid expenses and deferred income. The hedge adjustments for loans or securities are generally contrasted by the fair values of the hedging derivatives transferred. The payments that FMS Wertmanagement has received or made for the hedging derivatives are shown under prepaid expenses and deferred income. Hedge adjustments as well as prepaid expenses and deferred income are amortised on a pro rata basis. Expenses and income from such amortisation are reported under interest expense or interest income. Both amortisation and current premium payments related to credit default swap (CDS) exposures are reported under the item headings, “Commission income” or “Commission expenses”.

The fact that predecessor accounting reduced the acquisition costs on account of the write-downs at the transferor is also pertinent to the acquisition process as at 1 October 2010.

Loans and advances to banks and loans and advances to customers are generally carried at their nominal value reduced by special and general loan loss provisions (risk provisions). Differences between the nominal value and the cost, which are similar in nature to interest, are accounted for in prepaid expenses and recognised in profit or loss under net interest income over the term of the receivable using the straight-line method. The proportionate interest calculated at the reporting date is recognised together with the underlying receivable.

On the basis of proposals by the portfolio servicer, analyses by other expert third parties and analyses by FMS Wertmanagement itself, specific loan loss provisions and other provisions have been recognised for individual risks that have arisen and are likely to arise in the lending business. Expected future proceeds from the realisation of collateral were discounted as necessary.

Latent risks in the lending business are covered by general loan loss provisions recognised in line with the requirements of the IDW statement BFA 1/1990 on the recognition of general loan loss provisions. They are calculated based on the expected loss determined by the portfolio servicer, which is modelled for the case in question using several parameters: probability of default, amount of exposure in the event of a default and

 

F-9


Table of Contents

expected recovery rate in the event of a default. To take account of the macroeconomic situation at the reporting date, a market distortion adjustment (MDA) factor was also considered with the help of which the probabilities of default calculated are adjusted to reflect the economic situation at the reporting date. Estimating the calculation parameters of the anticipated loss is based on data of the previous portfolio owner.

Collective country valuation allowances are also recognised for loans to borrowers in countries with transfer risks. They are recognised in accordance with the methods required under German tax law. The countries to be included and the amount of the valuation allowances are determined on the basis of external country ratings that reflect current and expected economic data as well as the overall political situation in the countries in question.

Debt instruments are generally allocated to fixed assets (financial assets) because they are continuously used for operations. They are measured according to the modified lower of cost or market principle in accordance with Section 340e (1) Sentence 2 HGB. Securities classified as fixed assets are written down if FMS Wertmanagement believes that permanent impairment exists. The existence of permanent impairment is determined in the case in question on the basis of information supplied by the portfolio servicer and commissioned expert third parties and obtained through FMS Wertmanagement’s own investigations. Tests to determine whether an impairment is permanent follow the same approach that is used to test loans outstanding for impairment; the fair values that constitute yet another trigger for the impairment test are also taken into account. Investment securities that are not permanently impaired are included in the measurement base for calculating the general loan loss provision.

Own bonds are allocated to current assets (liquidity reserve). They are recognised in accordance with the strict lower of cost or market principle at the lower of their cost or fair value.

The fair values of securities and derivatives are determined either based on external rate sources (e. g. via stock exchanges or other providers such as Reuters) or based on fair values derived from internal measurement models (mark to model). Fair values of securities are largely determined on the basis of securities prices obtained from external sources. The fair value of own issues takes FMS Wertmanagement’s own credit risk into account. Derivatives are largely measured using specific measurement models.

The parameters for our internal measurement models (e. g. interest rate curves, volatilities, spreads) are derived from external sources and reviewed by Risk Controlling as to their plausibility and accuracy. The models used for measuring structured derivatives are initially calibrated on the basis of market data, with the subsequent measurement being based on the resulting model parameters. The portfolio servicer is responsible for collecting market data and calculating the fair values.

Differences that stem from the reporting of securities classified as fixed assets above their fair value based on application of the modified lower-of-cost-or-market principle are shown separately in the notes.

FMS Wertmanagement holds positions in asset-backed securities. These structured financial instruments are not required to be separated; they are carried as a uniform asset and in compliance with IDW AcP HFA 22.

Securities repurchase agreements (repos) are reported in accordance with the provisions of Section 340b HGB. The securities sold under genuine repurchase agreements are still reported in the balance sheet of FMS Wertmanagement.

Shares in affiliated companies and other long-term equity investments are recognised at cost less permanent impairment.

Tangible fixed assets are recognised at cost less depreciation. Their useful lives are determined with the help of the depreciation and amortisation tables published by the Federal Ministry of Finance.

Intangible assets are recognised at cost less amortisation. Their useful lives are determined with the help of the depreciation and amortisation tables published by the Federal Ministry of Finance.

For the sake of simplicity and in compliance with the tax regulations, assets costing EUR 150.00 or less before VAT are written down in full in the year of acquisition. Assets costing between EUR 150.00 and EUR 1,000.00 before VAT are presented in an omnibus account that is written down over five fiscal years using the straight-line method.

FMS Wertmanagement does not make use of the option to carry the excess of deferred tax assets in the balance sheet in accordance with Section 274 (1) Sentence 2 HGB. The surplus of deferred tax assets at 31 December 2011 stems mainly from temporary differences between the financial statements and the tax base, especially with

 

F-10


Table of Contents

respect to loans and advances to banks, loans and advances to customers, debt instruments, shares in affiliated companies as well as provisions for expected losses and litigation costs. Tax loss carryforwards also exist. In the general overview, FMS Wertmanagement’s deferred tax assets exceed its deferred tax liabilities. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are calculated on temporary differences between the book values of the assets or liabilities and their tax base. The temporary differences identified are measured at a tax rate of 32.975%. The combined income tax rate comprises corporate income tax, trade tax and the solidarity surcharge.

Expenditures prior to the reporting date are presented under prepaid expenses where these concern a certain period of time after the reporting date. This item primarily includes deferrals in connection with derivative products. Payments made for the derivatives taken over from HRE Group companies (positive fair values) are recognised here. The prepaid expenses item also includes deferrals in connection with the underwriting and lending business. Positive differences between the nominal value and the cost, which are similar in nature to interest, are included in the prepaid expenses. This basically concerns payments that FMS Wertmanagement has made for the hedge adjustments of the hedged items taken over from the HRE Group companies, provided the hedged items are loans. These hedged items were accounted for by the transferor in accordance with IFRSs, with the IFRS book value (including the IFRS hedge adjustment) constituting the transfer price. Prepaid expenses are amortised on a pro rata basis.

Liabilities are carried at their settlement or nominal amount. Differences between the issue amount and the settlement amount of the liabilities are posted to deferred income or prepaid expenses and reversed through profit and loss on a pro rata basis.

Provisions for uncertain liabilities and for expected losses from executory contracts are recognised in the amount of their anticipated utilisation (settlement amount). Provisions with a remaining maturity of more than one year are discounted in accordance with Section 253 (2) HGB. Provisions for expected losses from executory contracts (derivatives) were recognised in the amount of the existing excess of expected obligations over expected benefits.

Proceeds received prior to the reporting date are presented under deferred income where these concern a certain period of time after the reporting date. This item primarily includes deferrals in connection with derivative products. Payments that FMS Wertmanagement received for the derivatives taken over from HRE Group companies (negative fair values) are recognised here. The deferred income item also includes deferrals in connection with the underwriting and lending business. Negative differences between the nominal value and the cost, which are similar in nature to interest, are included in the deferred income. This basically concerns payments that FMS Wertmanagement has received for the hedge adjustments of the hedged items taken over from the HRE Group companies. These hedged items were accounted for by the transferor in accordance with IFRSs, with the IFRS book value (including the IFRS hedge adjustment) constituting the transfer price. Deferred income is amortised on a pro rata basis.

Derivative financial instruments are entered into to hedge interest rate risk in individual hedged items, to manage general interest rate risk and to hedge inflation, counterparty and currency risks.

 

   

Derivative financial instruments serving to hedge the market risks (basically interest rate risks) of individual hedged items are aggregated into micro hedges along with the hedged items in accordance with Section 254 HGB.

 

   

Derivative financial instruments that are used to manage the general interest rate risk are aggregated into an offsetting item with the other transactions in the banking book (securities, loans) that are interest-based and regarded as non interest-induced. Prevailing opinion holds that this is not a hedge under Section 254 HGB but an accounting practice that entails an economic relationship for funding purposes between the relevant financial instruments in the banking book (referred to in the German literature as a “Refinanzierungsverbund”). A provision would only be recognised if an excess obligation existed in this offsetting item. The loss compensation obligation pursuant to Article 7 of the Charter of FMS Wertmanagement is included in the offsetting item based on IDW ERS BFA 3.

 

   

Derivatives such as credit default swaps are used to hedge counterparty risks. As a rule, these derivatives are not aggregated with other hedged items in hedges and are measured in accordance with the general principles of commercial law.

 

   

Derivative financial instruments such as currency and cross currency interest rate swaps serve to fund or manage the company’s liquidity in the individual foreign currencies. They are used in connection with the management of foreign currency positions to close open positions.

FMS Wertmanagement uses the net hedge presentation method to present documented hedges for hedging market risks at individual transaction level (micro hedges) in accordance with Section 254 HGB. Where the

 

F-11


Table of Contents

offsetting changes in value resulting from the hedged risk (especially interest rate risk) are compensated, the changes in value in the hedged item or in the hedging instrument were not recognised. Where the offsetting changes in value resulting from the hedged risk of the hedged item and the hedging instrument are not compensated, the general accounting policies are used for this ineffective portion. In an existing excess obligation, the ineffective portion of the hedge’s hedged risk is recognised in accordance with the imparity principle through the recognition of a provision for expected losses. The ineffective portion is computed by comparing the change in value from the hedged risk of the hedged item with the change in value from the hedged risk of the hedging instrument. Expenses from additions to provisions for expected losses are shown in the net revaluation gain / loss for the lending and securities business.

FMS Wertmanagement took over a portfolio consisting of synthetic US CMBS financial instruments. The totality of the instruments defined for this portfolio constitutes a hedge pursuant to Section 254 HGB which serves in particular to hedge the risks from US CMBS. Given their complex structures, the financial instruments contained in this portfolio are measured based on models. FMS Wertmanagement performed a fundamental, model-based valuation of the financial instruments based on market data because market liquidity continued to deteriorate during the reporting year.

In addition, FMS Wertmanagement holds credit default swaps (CDS) where it is the guarantor. These CDS are accounted for in accordance with IDW AcP BFA 1.

The portfolio servicer carried out an effectiveness test of the hedges. The effectiveness of the hedges was examined primarily on the basis of linear regression.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed below the line at their nominal amount after deduction of any provisions recognised.

Foreign currency items in the balance sheet are translated into the reporting currency (euros) in accordance with the provisions of Section 256a HGB in conjunction with Section 340a (1) and Section 340h HGB. FMS Wertmanagement performs its currency translation at the reporting date within the scope of specific coverage in accordance with Section 340h HGB. Foreign currency derivatives are also used for transactions that qualify for hedge accounting. The assets, liabilities and executory contracts allocated to hedge accounting were translated at the average spot rate as at 31 December 2011 using the respective reference exchange rate of the European Central Bank.

Expenses and income were translated into euros at the exchange rate on the transaction date. Expenses and income arising from the currency translation are presented net under other operating expenses or other operating income.

Interest income and interest expense for swaps entered into are presented gross, i. e. not netted, in the income statement.

FMS Wertmanagement avails itself of the options under Section 340f (3) HGB. Accordingly, income and expenses from the measurement of loans, advances and securities allocated to the liquidity reserve may be shown in a single item after offsetting against income and expenses from the disposal of such transactions. This also includes additions to or reversals of loan loss provisions. Prior year comparative figures are shown after offsetting.

FMS Wertmanagement avails itself of the options under Section 340c (2) HGB. Accordingly, expenses from long-term equity investments, shares in affiliated companies and securities classified as fixed assets may be offset against the income from additions to such assets and shown in a single expense and income item. Under Section 340c HGB, the expenses and income from transactions involving such assets may also be included. FMS Wertmanagement also reports the profit / loss from the sale of securities as well as the profit / loss from the termination of related derivatives transactions in this item. Prior year comparative figures are shown after offsetting.

If there is a netting agreement, cash collateral provided or received in connection with financial derivatives, is shown in the annual financial statements as at 31 December 2011 netted for each counterparty, either under loans and advances to banks (net cash collateral provided) or under liabilities to banks (net cash collateral received). The respective defective and unnetted comparative figures as at 31 December 2010 have been adjusted as disclosed in the half-yearly financial statements as at 30 June 2011. As a result, the comparative figures for loans and advances to banks and liabilities to banks, as well as total assets, have been lowered by EUR 24,466 million in each case. This did not have any other effects on the net assets of FMS Wertmanagement and it did not have any effect on its financial position and results of operations.

 

F-12


Table of Contents

Notes to the balance sheet

Loans and advances to banks

 

     31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

a) Payable on demand

     28,431         22,747   

b) Other receivables

     21,178         20,540   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     49,609         43,287   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The comparative figures as at 31 December 2010 have been adjusted. Please see the disclosures in the chapter entitled “Accounting policies” for details on the corrections. The increase in loans and advances to banks that are due on a daily basis largely results from the increase in the net position of the cash collateral provided and received.

The remaining maturities of the other receivables from banks as at 31 December 2011 are as follows:

 

     31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

Up to three months

     3,677         2,313   

More than three months and up to one year

     4,657         4,480   

More than one year and up to five years

     4,609         5,022   

More than five years

     8,235         8,725   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     21,178         20,540   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Loans and advances to customers

 

     31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

Total

     29,259         34,812   

Of which: to affiliated companies

     1,593         2,321   

Of which: to other long-term investees and investors

     8         9   

The decline in loans and advances to customers results from the unwinding of the portfolio, especially in the area of real estate loans.

The remaining maturities of the loans and advances to customers as at 31 December 2011 are as follows:

 

     31.12.2011
in €  million
     31.12.2010
in €  million
 

Payable on demand

     1,550         0   

Up to three months

     896         5,211   

More than three months and up to one year

     3,467         4,039   

More than one year and up to five years

     9,224         11,142   

More than five years

     14,122         14,420   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     29,259         34,812   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

As previously, there are no loans and advances with indefinite maturity.

Debt instruments

The debt instruments item in the balance sheet is broken down as follows:

 

     31.12.2011
in €  million
     31.12.2010
in €  million
 

Book value

     244,990         243,775   

Of which: public-sector issuers

     57,385         62,674   

Of which: other issuers

     58,385         65,357   

Of which: own debt instruments

     129,220         115,744   

Marketable securities

     244,990         243,775   

Of which: listed

     213,640         210,986   

Of which: not listed

     31,350         32,789   

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

     127,728         157,966   

Securities due in the following year

     57,940         66,921   

 

F-13


Table of Contents

Of the marketable securities, a total of EUR 115,770 million (previous year: EUR 125,353 million) are treated as fixed assets. These are measured using the modified lower-of-cost-or-market principle, i.e. if the impairment existing at the reporting date is not considered permanent and it is expected that the securities will be repaid in full on maturity, the securities are not written down and are measured at amortised cost.

The marketable securities constitute a portfolio of EUR 129,220 million (previous year: EUR 118,422 million, EUR 115,744 million of which are own bonds) that is treated as a current asset. These holdings solely concern the own bonds that are used to restructure the funding of FMS Wertmanagement and are treated as shelf offerings. The issues of FMS Wertmanagement serve to hedge its indirect borrowings from central banks as well as to provide additional collateral and manage liquidity.

The deferred write-downs on debt instruments total EUR 21,282 million based on their fair values as at 31 December 2011 (previous year: EUR 24,427 million). With respect to the securities that carry hidden losses as at 31 December 2011, FMS Wertmanagement assumes, given its, in part, long-term wind-up strategy and the securities’ expected performance, that their fair value will be less than the book value only temporarily. Corresponding write-downs were taken if there were any doubts as to collectability.

With the exception of the Greece portfolio, FMS Wertmanagement was able to refrain from taking write-downs on the given securities, especially those related to PIIGS countries, given the steps the EU has taken in respect of the euro zone rescue fund.

The book value of the balance sheet item, debt instruments, also includes hedge adjustments, the source of which is disclosed in the accounting policies. As a result, the book values frequently exceed the nominal values. This has a corresponding effect on the hidden liabilities disclosed.

The book values and the fair values of the securities contained in the banking book, broken down by issuer group, follow from the overview below. Both the book value and the fair value contain deferred interest as at 31 December 2011.

 

      Of  which:
public-sector
issuers
     Other issuers                

in € million

      Of which:
banks
     Of which:
other issuers
     Total
31.12.2011
     Total
31.12.2010
 

Book value

     57,385         10,826         47,559         115,770         125,353   

Fair value

     43,603         9,809         42,832         96,244         100,695 1 

Hidden losses (deferred write-downs)

     –14,231         –1,142         –5,909         –21,282         –24,427   

Hidden assets

     449         125         1,182         1,756         821   

Of which:

              

Hidden losses, ABS

              3,518         2,443   

Of which:

              

Hidden losses, PIIGS countries

              14,192         14,519   

Of which:

              

Portugal

              764         437   

Ireland

              351         365   

Italy

              11,261         7,655   

Greece

              279         4,717   

Spain

              1,537         1,345   

 

1 

Fair value at 31 December 2010: EUR 100,695 million; EUR 101,747 million including accrued interest

The write-downs of EUR 6.7 billion on the securities of the Greece portfolio that were taken during the reporting year in consideration of the nature of private sector involvement (PSI) lowered the hidden losses by a significant amount. The remaining hidden losses from securities of the Greece portfolio concern the difference between the fair values of the securities measured as at 31 December 2011 and the market prices observed as at the same date. The increase in the hidden losses in the Italy portfolio stems among other things from credit rating downgrades and the widening of spreads for Italian issuers.

The securities classified as ABS as at 31 December 2010 included the securities designated accordingly pursuant to the Basel II definition. The scope of the securities defined as asset-backed securities was expanded in fiscal 2011. Three additional wind-up clusters were allocated to the asset-backed security category, largely accounting

 

F-14


Table of Contents

for the increase in the hidden reserves in this sub-portfolio. Of this amount, EUR 439 million are hedged through total return swaps (TRS).

Other long-term equity investments and shares in affiliated companies

None of the other long-term equity investments and shares in affiliated companies held by FMS Wertmanagement are marketable.

 

Other long-term equity investments

   31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

Book value

     7         7   

Of which: other long-term equity investments in banks

     0         0   

Of which: other long-term equity investments in financial services institutions

     0         0   

 

Shares in affiliated companies

   31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

Book value

     387         316   

Of which: shares in affiliated companies (banks)

     0         0   

Of which: shares in affiliated companies (financial services institutions)

     324         253   

The shares in affiliated companies essentially concern Hypo Real Estate Capital Corp., New York, and WH-Erste Grundstücks GmbH & Co. KG, Schönefeld. Aside from currency effects, the change in the balance sheet item is due to in-kind contributions made to Hypo Real Estate Capital Corp., New York.

Fiduciary assets

 

      31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

Loans and advances to customers

     0.5         0.5   

Total

     0.5         0.5   

Changes in fixed assets

 

                          Depreciation / amortisation                

in € million

   Cost
01.01.2011
     Additions
2011
     Disposals
2011
     Current year
2011
     Cumulative
31.12.2011
     Book value
31.12.2011
     Book value
31.12.2010
 

Intangible fixed assets

     2.1         0         0         0.4         0.5         1.6         2.0   

Tangible fixed assets

     0.2         0.7         0         0.1         0.1         0.8         0.2   
     

 

 

       

Other long-term equity investments

        0*         7         7   

Shares in affiliated companies

        71*         387         316   

Securities classified as fixed assets

        – 9,583*         115,770         125,353   

 

* The option to combine items in accordance with Section 34 (3) RechKredV was used.

The intangible assets as at 31 December 2011 solely concern software licenses purchased for consideration.

The tangible fixed assets as at 31 December 2011 solely comprise operating and office equipment.

Other assets

The other assets recognised as at 31 December 2011 mainly include EUR 9,939 million representing the existing loss compensation claim against SoFFin.

 

F-15


Table of Contents

Prepaid expenses

Prepaid expenses are comprised of the following items:

 

     31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

Unamortised cost of the derivatives transferred as at 1 October 2010

     5,996         6,385   

From the lending business (premium from receivables)

     1,423         1,633   

From the issuing business

     104         0   

Other

     3         0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     7,526         8,018   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Payments that FMS Wertmanagement has made for the fair values of derivatives accounted for by the transferors as at the transfer date are amortised on a pro rata basis. The unamortised portion is reported in the item “Unamortised cost of the derivatives transferred as at 01.10.2010”.

The prepaid expenses from the lending business also include the deferred, unamortised payments that FMS Wertmanagement made as at 1 October 2010 for the hedge adjustments of the hedged items (receivables) that were transferred from HRE Group companies. These hedged items (receivables) were accounted for by the transferor in accordance with IFRSs, with the IFRS book value (including the IFRS hedge adjustment) constituting the transfer price.

The prepaid expenses are reversed over the lifetime on a pro rata basis.

Subordinated assets

The following items on the assets side of the balance sheet contain subordinated assets:

 

     31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

Loans and advances to banks

     510         510   

Debt instruments

     206         336   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     716         846   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liabilities to banks

 

     31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

a) Payable on demand

     142         810   

b) With agreed maturity or notice period

     112,438         164,801   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     112,580         165,611   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The comparative figures as at 31 December 2010 have been adjusted. Please see the disclosures in the chapter entitled “Accounting policies” for details on the corrections. Both the decline in liabilities to banks and the change in the structure of remaining maturities are related to FMS Wertmanagement’s changed funding structure and largely concern the reduction in liabilities to HRE Group companies from EUR 97.3 billion as at 31 December 2010 by EUR 60.6 billion to EUR 36.7 billion as at 31 December 2011. This largely results from the decline in indirect central bank funding that FMS Wertmanagement had obtained through the HRE Group.

The remaining maturities of the liabilities with agreed maturity or notice period as at 31 December 2011 are as follows:

 

     31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

Up to three months

     91,587         121,875   

More than three months and up to one year

     18,801         33,443   

More than one year and up to five years

     0         4,952   

More than five years

     2,050         4,531   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     112,438         164,801   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-16


Table of Contents

Liabilities to customers

 

     31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

a) Payable on demand

     40         231   

b) With agreed maturity or notice period

     21,522         2,219   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     21,562         2,450   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

To affiliated companies

     394         0   

To other long-term investees and investors

     0         0   

The remaining maturities of the liabilities with agreed maturity or notice period as at 31 December 2011 are as follows:

 

     31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

Up to three months

     20,021         45   

More than three months and up to one year

     1,216         292   

More than one year and up to five years

     23         655   

More than five years

     262         1,227   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     21,522         2,219   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The increase in liabilities to customers basically results from rising obligations under repo transactions in the amount of EUR 14,440 million (previous year: EUR 1,857 million) as well as from the increase in term deposits received amounting to EUR 6,781 million (previous year: EUR 143 million).

Securitised liabilities

 

     31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

Book value

     181,558         139,651   

Of which: to affiliated companies

     0         0   

Of which: to other long-term investees and investors

     0         0   

Amounts due in the following year

     86,098         83,651   

The securitised liabilities comprise EUR 152,740 million in debt instruments issued, EUR 28,413 million in issuing activities (European Commercial Paper) and EUR 405 million in deferred interest.

Of the marketable securities issued, debt instruments with a total nominal value of EUR 128,985 million (previous year: EUR 115,575 million) were bought back.

Fiduciary liabilities

 

     31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

Liabilities to banks

     0.3         0.3   

Liabilities to customers

     0.2         0.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     0.5         0.5   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other liabilities

At EUR 1,642 million, the item basically includes the adjustment item from the measurement of the off-balance sheet foreign currency transactions related to hedge accounting under Section 340h HGB.

 

F-17


Table of Contents

Deferred income

Deferred income is comprised of the following items:

 

     31.12.2011
in € million
     31.12.2010
in € million
 

Unamortised cost of the derivatives transferred as at 1 October 2010

     22,163         23,711   

From the lending business (discount from receivables)

     63         154   

Other

     17         8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     22,243         23,873   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Payments that FMS Wertmanagement has received for the fair values of derivatives accounted for by the transferors as at the transfer date are amortised on a pro rata basis. The unamortised portion is reported in the item “Unamortised cost of the derivatives transferred as at 01.10.2010”.

Deferred income from the lending business also includes the unamortised, deferred payments that FMS Wertmanagement received as at 1 October 2010 for the hedge adjustments of the hedged items (receivables) that it took over from HRE Group companies. These hedged items (receivables) were accounted for by the transferor in accordance with IFRSs, with the IFRS book value (including the IFRS hedge adjustment) constituting the transfer price.

The deferred income is reversed over the lifetime on a pro rata basis.

Provisions

 

in € million

   Balance
31.12.2010
     Addition      Disposal      FX effect /
other
     Utilisation      Balance
31.12.2011
 

Other

                 

Expected losses

     354         1,814         109         52         41         2,070   

Loss absorption

     7         2         0         4         0         13   

Non-personnel and personnel expenses

     3         7         1         0         2         7   

Other

     7         4         3         0         2         6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     371         1,827         113         56         45         2,096   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The additions of EUR 1,814 million in the reporting year to provisions for expected losses include EUR 1,011 million in additions to such provisions in connection with derivatives that were used to hedge loans or securities in the Greece portfolio.

Deferred taxes

FMS Wertmanagement does not make use of the option to recognise surplus deferred tax assets resulting from tax benefits arising in accordance with Section 274 (1) Sentence 2 HGB. The surplus of deferred tax assets at 31 December 2011 stems from temporary differences between the financial statements and the tax base, especially with respect to loans and advances to banks, loans and advances to customers, debt instruments, shares in affiliated companies as well as provisions for expected losses and litigation costs.

Deferred taxes are calculated on the basis of the combined income tax rate of FMS Wertmanagement AöR of currently 32.975%. The combined income tax rate comprises corporate income tax, trade tax and the solidarity surcharge. Deferred tax assets arose in the fiscal year that were not recognised.

Contingent liabilities

This is where FMS Wertmanagement reports its potential liability under guarantees in the amount of EUR 11,672 million (previous year: EUR 16,829 million) as well as under irrevocable loan commitments in the amount of EUR 4,302 million (previous year: EUR 2,158 million).

FMS Wertmanagement is reporting EUR 3,008 million (previous year: EUR 2,982 million) in liquidity facilities under the irrevocable loan commitments that were made to both pbb and Depfa Bank plc in connection with the

 

F-18


Table of Contents

transfer of the economic risk of exposures by means of guarantees as defined in Section 8a Financial Market Stabilisation Fund Act (Finanzmarktstabilisierungsfondsgesetz – FMStFG). Given the economic relationship to the guarantees, in the previous year the irrevocable loan commitments were reported in the item “Contingent liabilities from guarantees and indemnity agreements”.

The transfer to FMS Wertmanagement of risk positions entailed assuming their economic risk in the form of guarantees as defined in Section 8a (1) FMStFG. These guarantees have a volume of EUR 5,565 million as at 31 December 2011 (previous year: EUR 6,302 million). The assets guaranteed are still accounted for by the holders, Depfa plc. and pbb. The guarantees are designed as abstract, directly enforceable, irrevocable, unconditional guarantees and took economic effect on 1 December 2010.

Any imminent risk of being held liable under the exposures transferred by means of the guarantees is assessed analogous to the risk provision policy for the primary credit transaction.

FMS Wertmanagement also fully refinanced the existing business of its subsidiaries Hypo Real Estate Capital Corp., New York, and Flint Nominees Ltd., London, guaranteeing and hence assuming the default risks arising from this business through credit derivatives (credit default swaps). The volume of these credit default swaps is EUR 1,585 million (previous year: EUR 2,224 million). The loans and advances to these affiliated companies are capitalised in the balance sheet. The credit default swaps do not present an additional credit risk. Any potential default of the loans and advances underlying these credit default swaps materialises only once.

This item also includes EUR 4,522 million in credit default swaps (previous year: EUR 5,320 million) with FMS Wertmanagement as the guarantor.

In addition to the undrawn liquidity facilities mentioned above, there is a further unlimited liquidity facility with Depfa Bank plc for refinancing cash collateral for specific assets and derivatives to be provided by Depfa Bank plc. FMS Wertmanagement does not know whether or when these individual contingent liabilities will be utilised and in what amount. When FMS Wertmanagement obtains sufficient concrete information about a loss from an anticipated utilisation, a provision is recognised.

Assets pledged as collateral

Apart from the securities sold under repurchase agreements as at 31 December 2011 in the amount of EUR 127,728 million (see the description under debt instruments), there are no other assets pledged as collateral for liabilities or contingent liabilities of FMS Wertmanagement.

Derivative financial instruments

FMS Wertmanagement holds only OTC derivatives, i. e. no exchange-traded derivatives; none of them are held for trading. The fair values of the derivatives are determined by means of standard measurement models based on the measurement parameters available in the market.

The table below shows the breakdown of FMS Wertmanagement’s interest-based and currency-based derivatives and the total return swaps:

 

     Nominal values  

in € million

   Remaining maturities, 31.12.2011      Total
31.12.2011
     Total
31.12.2010
 
   < 1      1 – 5      > 5        

Interest-based transactions

     36,679         110,248         125,112         272,039         282,451   

Total return swaps

     0         3         6,608         6,611         6,786   

Currency-based transactions

     18,930         9,968         4,560         33,458         61,066   

Of which:

              

forward exchange transactions

     16,299         63         0         16,362         46,515   

Of which: cross currency swaps

     2,631         9,905         4,560         17,096         14,551   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     55,609         120,219         136,280         312,108         350,303   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-19


Table of Contents

in € million

   Market values  
   31.12.2011      31.12.2010  
     Positive      Negative      Positive      Negative  

Interest-based transactions

     9,376         –36,820         6,514         –21,318   

Total return swaps

     1,690         –1,314         1,648         –979   

Currency-based transactions

     781         –1,855         1,081         –1,574   

Of which: forward exchange transactions

     54         –497         390         –610   

Of which: cross currency swaps

     727         –1,358         691         –964   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     11,847         –39,989         9,243         –23,871   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The book value of these derivatives as at 31 December 2011 is EUR – 16,561 million (net amount of the book values recognised in assets and liabilities).

The table below shows the breakdown of FMS Wertmanagement’s credit derivatives:

 

in € million

   31.12.2011      31.12.2010  
   Nominal      Market
value
     Nominal      Market
value
 

Secured party credit default swaps

     3,782         284         2,939         536   

Guarantor credit default swaps

     4,857         –397         5,320         –483   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     8,639         –113         8,259         53   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The table shows the credit derivatives vis-à-vis third parties. The book value of these derivatives as at 31 December 2011 is EUR 394 million (net amount of the book values recognised in assets and liabilities).

CDS exposures vis-à-vis the subsidiaries of FMS Wertmanagement – Hypo Real Estate Capital Corp., New York, and Flint Nominees Ltd., London – have a nominal value of EUR 1,585 million after deducting EUR 21 million in existing provisions.

Hedges

In accordance with Section 254 HGB, FMS Wertmanagement aggregates hedged items and hedging instruments into micro hedges. FMS Wertmanagement utilises the net hedge presentation method to account for the hedges. In particular, the hedged risk concerns the interest rate-induced risk of changes in value (interest rate risk). Overall, hedged items with a nominal value of EUR 88,127 million (previous year: EUR 80,968 million) were aggregated into micro hedges. This nominal value is comprised as follows:

 

Nominal values of the hedged items in EUR million

   31.12.2011      31.12.2010  

Assets

     71,505         78,886   

Liabilities

     16,622         2,082   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     88,127         80,968   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The assets contain exposures hedged via TRS.

The amount of the risk hedged, i. e. the amount in which the changes in value of the hedged items and hedging instruments aggregated in the micro hedges at the reporting date are fully compensated and therefore not presented in the income statement, is EUR 7,698 million (previous year: EUR 4,560 million).

The changes in value of the hedged items and hedging instruments arising from hedges with negative ineffectiveness, where the risk hedged is the interest rate risk, can be seen in the following overview:

 

31.12.2011

in € million

   Negative change in value      Positive change in value  

Hedged items

     45         4,667   

Hedging instruments

     4,882         1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     4,927         4,668   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Of which: not recognised

     4,668         4,668   

Of which: recognised as a provision for expected losses

     259         0   

 

F-20


Table of Contents

FMS Wertmanagement took over a portfolio consisting of synthetic US CMBS financial instruments. The totality of the instruments defined for this portfolio constitutes a hedge pursuant to Section 254 HGB which serves in particular to hedge the risks from US CMBS. Given their complex structures, the financial instruments contained in this portfolio are measured based on models. FMS Wertmanagement performed a fundamental, model-based valuation of the financial instruments based on market data because market liquidity continued to deteriorate during the reporting year. Based on the fundamental valuation that was performed, the hidden assets related to this portfolio are EUR 144 million and the hidden losses EUR 305 million. A total of EUR 161 million in provisions for expected losses were recognised for this reason. The portfolio contains EUR 2,990 million in guarantor positions, which are contrasted by EUR 2,020 million in leveraged secured party positions.

Foreign-currency items

Total assets in foreign currencies are EUR 85,493 million (previous year: EUR 97,905 million). Liabilities in foreign currencies at year end are EUR 69,391 million (previous year: 55,373 million).

The open foreign-currency items are offset by forward exchange transactions or currency swaps with matching maturities.

 

F-21


Table of Contents

Notes to the income statement

Net interest income

 

     01.01. – 31.12.2011
in € million
     08.07. – 31.12.2010
in € million
 

Interest income

     17,351         4,088   

Lending and money market transactions

     14,051         3,149   

Fixed-interest securities and debt claims

     3,300         939   

Interest expenses

     16,799         3,942   

Lending and money market transactions

     14,715         3,027   

Securitised liabilities

     678         407   

Loans taken out

     57         53   

Other

     1,349         455   

Total

     552         146   

There were neither income nor expenses from the discounting of provisions in fiscal 2011.

The interest income of EUR 17,351 million includes interest of EUR 12,029 million from derivative financial instruments. Derivative financial instruments account for EUR 13,234 million of a total of EUR 16,799 million in interest expenses.

As previously, Western Europe, the United States and Japan account for most of the interest income.

The annual financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2010 contain erroneous migration adjustments or carryforwards that caused an excess of EUR 36.5 million in net interest income. This error was corrected in the annual financial statements as at 31 December 2011.

Net commission income

 

     01.01. –  31.12.2011
in € million
     08.07. – 31.12.2010
in € million
 

Commission income

     174         26   

Lending business

     106         8   

Derivatives business

     66         1   

Other

     2         17   

Commission expenses

     115         112   

SoFFin guarantees

     17         110   

Derivatives business

     86         0   

Securities and issuing business

     9         0   

Other

     3         2   

Total

     59         –86   

Commission expenses primarily include payments to SoFFin (EUR 17 million) in connection with guarantees for the issues transferred from the HRE Group and commission expenses for loan hedging derivatives (EUR 85 million). These guarantees had initially been made available to the HRE Group; they were subsequently transferred to FMS Wertmanagement in the amount of EUR 124.0 billion. Commission expenses related to SoFFin guarantees have declined substantially because a total of EUR 109 billion were replaced by FMS Wertmanagement’s own issues as early as at the close of 2010.

A total of EUR 11 million in expenses and EUR 13 million in income from the ongoing amortisation of prepaid expenses and deferred income for CDS taken over as well as ongoing premium payments for CDS were shown in net interest income in the previous year.

Other operating income

Other operating income of EUR 30 million (previous year: EUR 16 million) concerns EUR 26 million in income (previous year: expense of EUR 1 million) from currency translation as well as reversals of provisions in the non-lending business.

 

F-22


Table of Contents

Write-downs of and valuation allowances on receivables and certain securities, and additions to loan loss provisions

FMS Wertmanagement avails itself of the options under Section 340f (3) HGB.

The following expenses are reported in this income statement item:

 

     01.01. – 31.12.2011
in € million
     08.07. – 31.12.2010
in € million
 

Net revaluation gain / loss in the lending business

     1,897         1,837   

Expenses related to securities classified as current assets

     0         111   

Write-ups of securities classified as current assets

     47         0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     1,850         1,948   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Of the net revaluation gain / loss in the lending business, EUR 1,201 million concern the special loan loss provisions taken on loans in the Greece portfolio and EUR 118 million concern additions to provisions for expected losses from derivatives related to prior hedges of loans in the Greece portfolio that were written off.

Write-downs of and valuation allowances on other equity investments, shares in affiliated companies and securities classified as fixed assets

FMS Wertmanagement avails itself of the options under Section 340c (2) HGB.

The following expenses incurred in connection with the debt instruments classified as fixed assets were recorded in this income statement item:

 

     01.01. – 31.12.2011
in € million
     08.07. – 31.12.2010
in € million
 

Write-downs of securities

     8,349         1,017   

Write-ups of securities

     40         0   

Net gain / loss on sale of securities including net gain / loss from derivatives

     –94         0   

Write-downs of equity investments

     0         6   

Other

     1         0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     8,404         1,023   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The write-downs of securities are comprised of the following:

 

     01.01. – 31.12.2011
in € million
 

Write-downs to fair value

     6,740   

Addition to global valuation allowances

     92   

Addition to country risk provisions

     53   

Addition to provision for expected losses on derivatives

     1,464   
  

 

 

 

Total

     8,349   
  

 

 

 

A total of EUR 6,704 million of the write-downs to the lower fair value of EUR 6,740 million concerns write-downs on securities in the Greece portfolio.

A total of EUR 893 million of the additions to provisions for expected losses concerns derivatives related to prior hedges of securities in the Greece portfolio that were written off.

Income taxes

Income taxes in the amount of EUR 8 million result from foreign withholding taxes.

Income from loss absorption

Of the total income of EUR 9,969 million disclosed here, EUR 7,889 million stem from the recognition of FMS Wertmanagement’s ongoing claim to loss compensation against SoFFin.

In addition, a total of EUR 2,080 million result from a claim against SoFFin that HRE spun off to FMS Wertmanagement effective 1 October 2010. This claim was subject to conditions precedent, all of which had occurred cumulatively as at 31 August 2011, causing SoFFin to settle the claim.

 

F-23


Table of Contents

Other disclosures

Auditor’s fee

The auditor’s fee for auditing services during the reporting period was EUR 1.7 million (previous year: EUR 1.2 million). In addition, a total of EUR 0.2 million were expended for tax consultancy services, EUR 0.3 million for other confirmation and valuation services as well as EUR 0.9 million for other consultancy services (previous year: EUR 0.1 million).

Of the total expenses recognised in the reporting year, EUR 0.5 million are related to the previous year (EUR 0.4 million of which concern fees for auditing services and EUR 0.1 million for tax consultancy services).

Shareholdings

The following overview shows the shareholdings of FMS Wertmanagement, each of which is based on the company’s most recent annual financial statements.

Shares in affiliated companies at 31 December 2011:

 

Name and registered office

   Share in
capital
    Of which
indirectly
    Equity in
thousand
    Result in
thousand
    Currency  

Flint Nominees Ltd., London

     100.00       51,153        192        GBP   

Hypo Property Investment (1992) Ltd., London

     100.00     100.00     1        0        GBP   

Burleigh Court (Barnsley) Management Limited, London

     20.00     20.00     30 1      0 1      GBP   

Hypo Property Investment Ltd., London

     100.00     100.00     287        –4        GBP   

Hypo Property Services Ltd., London

     100.00     100.00     113        1        GBP   

JER Europe Fund III, L.P., London

     0.33     0.33     184,075        24,033        EUR   

WH-Erste Grundstücks Verwaltungs GmbH, Schönefeld

     100.00       180        2        EUR   

WH-Zweite Grundstücks Verwaltungs GmbH, Schönefeld

     100.00     100.00     5        –9        EUR   

WH-Erste Grundstücks GmbH & Co. KG, Schönefeld

     93.98       71,546        1,431        EUR   

WH-Zweite Grundstücks GmbH & Co. KG, Schönefeld

     100.00     100.00     40,603        373        EUR   

Hypo Real Estate Capital Corp., New York

     100.00       467,452 1      8,373 1      USD   

Liffey NSYC, LLC, Wilmington/Delaware

     100.00     100.00     2,600        0        USD   

Quadra Realty Trust, Inc., Maryland2

     100.00     100.00     n. a.        n. a.        USD   

Quadra QRS, LLC, Maryland2

     100.00     100.00     n. a.        n. a.        USD   

Upgrade 1 LLC, Wilmington/Delaware3

     100.00     100.00     n. a.        n. a.        USD   

South Bay Expressway LLC, Delaware3

     8.186     8.186     n. a.        n. a.        USD   

Snowmass BV Member LLC, Dover/ Delaware3

     100.00     100.00     n. a.        n. a.        USD   

Snowmass BV Holdco LLC, Dover/ Delaware3

     50.00     50.00     n. a.        n. a.        USD   

Hypo Real Estate Transactions S.A.S., Paris

     100.00       90        0        EUR   

 

1 At 31 December 2010
2 Resolution to liquidate the entity exists
3 Entity was established in 2011; however, its annual financial statements were not yet available at the time these financial statements were prepared

Other long-term equity investments at 31 December 2011

 

Name and registered office

  Share in
capital
    Of which
indirectly
    Equity
in thousand
    Result
in thousand
    Currency  

Aerodrom Bureau Verwaltungs GmbH, Berlin

    32.00       –693 1      5 1      EUR   

Airport Bureau Verwaltungs GmbH, Berlin

    32.00       –403 1      111 1      EUR   

Riedemannweg 59 – 60 GbR, Schönefeld

    100.00     100.00     –4,530 1      120 1      EUR   

Vierte Airport Bureau Center KG Airport Bureau Verwaltungs GmbH & Co., Berlin

    32.00       –1,927 1      –71 1      EUR   

Inula Grundstücks-Verwaltungsgesell-schaft mbH & Co. KG, Grünwald

    10.00       –39,776 1      2,249 1      EUR   

Projektentwicklung Schönefeld Verwal-tungsgesellschaft mbH, Schönefeld

    50.00       28        0        EUR   

SP Projektentwicklung Schönefeld GmbH & Co. KG, Schönefeld

    50.00       15,280        –225        EUR   

 

1 At 31 December 2010

 

F-24


Table of Contents

Exchange rates

 

Exchange rates for EUR 1.00 at 31.12.2011

      

Canada

     1.3215   

China

     8.1588   

Czech Republic

     25.7870   

Denmark

     7.4342   

India

     68.7130   

Japan

     100.2000   

Mexico

     18.0512   

Norway

     7.7540   

Poland

     4.4580   

Russia

     41.7650   

Singapore

     1.6819   

South Africa

     10.4830   

Sweden

     8.9120   

Switzerland

     1.2156   

Turkey

     2.4432   

United Kingdom

     0.8353   

USA

     1.2939   

Corporate bodies of FMS Wertmanagement

Members of the Executive Board

Dr. Christian Bluhm, CRO / CFO

Ernst-Albrecht Brockhaus, Treasury / Markets

Norbert Kickum, Commercial Real Estate (since 1 March 2012)

Members of the Supervisory Board

Dr. Karl Kauermann

Chairman of the Supervisory Board

Businessman

Dr. Christopher Pleister

Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board

Member of the Steering Committee of the Federal Agency for Financial Market Stabilisation

Dr. Eckart John von Freyend

Businessman

Rita Geyermann

Director Loan Securitisation at KfW Bankengruppe

Bernd Giersberg (until 21 March 2011)

Lawyer

Dr. Andreas Ricker

Head of Strategy at Bundesrepublik Deutschland Finanzagentur GmbH

Prof. Dr. Harald Wiedmann (since 22 March 2011)

Lawyer

Loans to members of the corporate bodies

At the reporting date, there were no claims in respect of incumbent members of the corporate bodies arising from loans or advances.

 

F-25


Table of Contents

Remuneration of the corporate bodies

The members of FMS Wertmanagement’s Executive Board were paid remuneration of EUR 900 thousand for the 2011 fiscal year (previous year: EUR 367 thousand). They were also paid benefits in kind of EUR 27 thousand (previous year: EUR 11 thousand). In addition, a total of EUR 498 thousand (previous year: EUR 182 thousand) were expended in the reporting period for the pension plans applicable to the members of the Executive Board.

Total remuneration of EUR 114 thousand was paid to the members of FMS Wertmanagement’s Supervisory Board for 2011 (previous year: EUR 95 thousand).

Annual average number of employees

At 31 December 2011, FMS Wertmanagement had 92 employees (previous year: 18). The average number of employees in the 2011 fiscal year was:

 

     Women      Men      Total  

Full-time employees

     14         50         64   

Seats held by Executive Board members and employees

In the fiscal year, neither members of the Executive Board nor employees of FMS Wertmanagement held seats on a supervisory board or other supervisory bodies of large corporations in accordance with Section 340a (4) No. 1 in conjunction with Section 267 (3) HGB.

 

F-26


Table of Contents

Responsibility statement in accordance with Section 264 (2)

Sentence 3 HGB and Section 289 (1) Sentence 5 HGB

To the best of our knowledge, and in accordance with the applicable reporting principles, the annual financial statements give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of FMS Wertmanagement, and the management report includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business and the position of the company, together with a description of the material opportunities and risks associated with the expected development of FMS Wertmanagement.

Munich, 11 June 2012

FMS Wertmanagement

The Executive Board

 

LOGO

   LOGO    LOGO

Dr. Christian Bluhm

   Ernst-Albrecht Brockhaus    Norbert Kickum

 

F-27


Table of Contents

Report of the Independent Auditor for the year ended December 31, 2011

Auditors’ report

We have audited the annual financial statements – comprising the balance sheet, the income statement, the notes to the financial statements, the cash flow statement and the statement of changes in equity – together with the bookkeeping system and the management report of FMS Wertmanagement for the fiscal year from 1 January to 31 December 2011. The maintenance of the books and records and the preparation of the annual financial statements and the management report in accordance with German commercial law and supplementary provisions of the company’s Charter are the responsibility of the Executive Board of FMS Wertmanagement. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the annual financial statements, together with the bookkeeping system, and the management report based on our audit.

We conducted our audit of the annual financial statements in accordance with Section 317 of the German Commercial Code (Handelsgesetzbuch – HGB) and the German generally accepted standards for the audit of financial statements promulgated by the Institut der Wirtschaftsprüfer (Institute of Public Auditors in Germany – IDW). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit such that misstatements materially affecting the presentation of the net assets, financial position and results of operations in the annual financial statements in accordance with (German) principles of proper accounting and in the management report are detected with reasonable assurance. Knowledge of the business activities and the economic and legal environment of FMS Wertmanagement and expectations as to possible misstatements are taken into account in the determination of audit procedures. The effectiveness of the accounting-related internal control system and the evidence supporting the disclosures in the books and records, the annual financial statements and the management report are examined primarily on a test basis within the framework of the audit. The audit includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by the Executive Board as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the annual financial statements and the management report. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Our audit has not led to any reservations.

In our opinion based on the findings of our audit, the annual financial statements comply with the legal requirements and supplementary provisions of the company’s Charter and give a true and fair view of the net assets, financial position and results of operations of FMS Wertmanagement in accordance with the (German) principles of proper accounting. The management report is consistent with the annual financial statements and as a whole provides a suitable view of FMS Wertmanagement’s position and suitably presents the opportunities and risks of future development.

Munich, 11 June 2012

PricewaterhouseCoopers

Aktiengesellschaft

Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft

 

Sven Hauke

   ppa. Axel Menge   

Wirtschaftsprüfer

   Wirtschaftsprüfer   

[German Public Auditor]

   [German Public Auditor]   

 

F-28


Table of Contents

Audited Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2010

Annual financial statements

Balance sheet

of FMS Wertmanagement as at 31 December 2010

 

Assets

   € thousand      € thousand      31.12.2010
€ thousand
     8.7.2010
€  thousand
 

1.

 

Loans and advances to banks

           
 

a)

 

Payable on demand

        47,083,706         
 

b)

 

Other receivables

        20,669,734         67,753,440         0   
           

 

 

       

2.

 

Loans and advances to customers

           34,812,087         0   
 

of which:

secured by mortgages € 606,824 thousand
Public-sector loans € 10,417,533 thousand

           

3.

 

Debt instruments

           
 

a)

 

Bonds and notes

           
   

aa)

 

Public-sector issuers

     62,674,221            
     

of which:

eligible as collateral for Deutsche Bundesbank advances
€ 40,473,765 thousand

           
   

ab)

 

Other issuers

     65,357,539         128,031,760         
     

of which:

eligible as collateral for Deutsche Bundesbank advances
€ 16,243,780 thousand

           
 

b)

 

Own debt instruments

           
   

Principal amount € 115,574,751 thousand

        115,743,616         243,775,376         0   
           

 

 

       

4.

 

Other long-term equity investments

           6,719         0   
 

of which:

in banks € 0 thousand

           
 

of which:

in financial services institutions € 0 thousand

           

5.

 

Shares in affiliated companies

           315,681         0   
 

of which:

in banks € 0 thousands

           
 

of which:

in financial services institutions € 253,129 thousand

           

6.

 

Fiduciary assets

           479         0   
 

of which:

fiduciary loans € 479 thousand

           

7.

 

Intangible fixed assets

           
 

Purchased concessions, industrial rights and assets, and licences in such rights and assets

           2,026         0   

8.

 

Tangible fixed assets

           165         0   

9.

 

Other assets

           3,068,908         0   

10.

 

Prepaid expenses

           8,018,482         0   

Total assets

           357,753,363         0   

 

F-29


Table of Contents

Equity and liabilities

   € thousand      31.12.2010
€ thousand
     8.7.2010
€ thousand
 
1.   Liabilities to banks         
  a) Payable on demand      0         
  b) With agreed maturity or notice period      190,077,277         190,077,277         0   
    

 

 

       
2.   Liabilities to customers         
  Other liabilities         
  a) Payable on demand      230,575         
  b) With agreed maturity or notice period      2,219,371         2,449,946         0   
    

 

 

       
3.   Securitised liabilities         139,651,229         0   
  Debt instruments issued         
4.   Fiduciary liabilities         479         0   
 

of which:

Fiduciary loans € 479 thousand

        
5.   Other liabilities         1,330,404         0   
6.   Deferred income         23,873,212         0   
7.   Provisions         
  Other provisions         370,816         0   
8.   Equity         
  a) Subscribed capital      200         
  b) Capital reserves      1,800         
  c) Retained earnings      0         
  d) Net accumulated losses      –2,000         0         0   
    

 

 

       

Total equity and liabilities

        357,753,363         0   
1.   Contingent liabilities         
  Contingent liabilities from guarantees and indemnity agreements      16,828,552         16,828,552         0   
2.   Other obligations         
  Irrevocable loan commitments      2,157,693         2,157,693         0   

 

F-30


Table of Contents

Income statement

of FMS Wertmanagement for the period from 8 July until 31 December 2010

 

Income statement

   € thousand      € thousand      8.7.2010 –
31.12.2010 €
thousand
 

1.

 

Interest income from

        
  a)   Lending and money market transactions      3,148,713         
  b)   Fixed-interest securities and back-entry securities      939,506         4,088,219      
        

 

 

       

2.

  Interest expenses         –3,942,242         145,977   
           

 

 

    

3.

  Current income from         
  a)   Other long-term equity investments         0      
  b)   Shares in affiliated companies         0      

4.

  Commission income         25,704      

5.

  Commission expenses         –112,016         –86,312   
           

 

 

    

6.

  Other operating income            15,835   

7.

  General and administrative expenses         
  a)   Personnel expenses         
   

aa)

  Wages and salaries      –1,251         
   

ab)

 

Social security, post-employment and other employee benefit costs

     –281         –1,532      
        

 

 

       
      of which:         
      in respect of post-employment benefits € 226 thousand         
  b)   Other administrative expenses         –127,390         –128,922   
           

 

 

    

8.

  Depreciation, amortisation and write-downs of tangible and intangible fixed assets            –144   

9.

  Other operating expenses            –16,600   

10.

  Write-downs of and valuation allowances on receivables and certain securities, and additions to loan loss provisions         –1,950,055      

11.

  Income from reversals of write-downs of receivables and certain securities and from the reversal of loan loss provisions         2,419         –1,947,636   
           

 

 

    

12.

  Write-downs of and valuation allowances on other equity investments, shares in affiliated companies and securities classified as fixed assets         –1,026,268      

13.

  Income from reversals of write-downs of other equity investments, shares in affiliated companies and securities classified as fixed assets         3,175         –1,023,093   
           

 

 

    

14.

  Result from ordinary activities            –3,040,895   

15.

  Taxes on income         0      

16.

  Other taxes not included in “Other operating expenses”         –1         –1   
           

 

 

    

17.

  Income from loss absorption            3,038,896   

18.

  Net loss for the fiscal year            –2,000   

19.

  Net accumulated losses            –2,000   

 

F-31


Table of Contents

Cash flow statement

for the period from 8 July until 31 December 2010

 

Cash flow statement

   8.7.2010 –
31.12.2010

€ thousand
 
  1.           Net income/loss for the period including portion attributable to minority interests before extraordinary items      –2,000   
       Non-cash items and reconciliation to cash flow from operating activities included in net income/loss for the period   
  2.        +/–    Depreciation, amortisation, write-downs and reversals of write-downs on receivables, tangible fixed assets and financial assets      2,736,742   
  3.        +/–    Increase/decrease in provisions      308,215   
  4.        +/–    Other non-cash expenses/income      –3,038,084   
  5.        –/+    Profit/loss from the sale of financial assets and tangible fixed assets      0   
  6.        –/+    Other adjustments (net)      0   
  7.        =    Subtotal      4,873   
       Change in assets and liabilities from operating activities   
  8.           Loans and advances   
    a.      +/–    to banks      –65,205,099   
    b.      +/–    to customers      –36,065,721   
  9.        +/–    Securities other than financial assets      –129,192,960   
  10.        +/–    Other assets from operating activities      –8,048,493   
  11.           Liabilities   
    a.      +/–    to banks      190,077,277   
    b.      +/–    to customers      2,449,946   
  12.        +/–    Securitised liabilities      23,907,613   
  13.        +/–    Other liabilities from operating activities      25,265,405   
  14.        +    Interest and dividends received      4,088,219   
  15.           Interest paid      –3,942,242   
  16.        +    Extraordinary receipts      0   
  17.           Extraordinary payments      0   
  18.        +/–    Income tax payments      0   
  19.        =    Cash flows from operating activities      3,338,818   
  20.           Proceeds from disposal of   
    a.      +    long-term financial assets      0   
    b.      +    tangible fixed assets      0   
  21.           Payments for investments in   
    a.         long-term financial assets      0   
    b.         Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets      –309   
  22.        +    Receipts from disposal of consolidated entities and other business units      0   
  23.           Payments for the acquisition of consolidated entities and other business units      –328,506   
  24.        +/–    Change in cash from other investing activities (net)      –2,026   
  25.        =    Cash flows from investment activities      –330,841   
  26.           Cash receipts from equity financing      2,000   
  27.           Cash payments to owners and minority shareholders   
    a.         Dividend payments      0   
    b.         Other payments      0   
  28.        +/–    Change in cash from other capital sources (net)      0   
  29.        =    Cash flows from financing activities      2,000   
  30.           Net change in cash funds (sum total of items 19, 25, 29)      3,009,977   
  31.        +/–    Effect on cash funds of exchange rate movements, changes in reporting entity structure and re-evaluation      0   
  32.        +    Cash funds at beginning of period      0   
  33.        =    Cash funds at end of period      3,009,977   

The cash flow statement was prepared using the indirect method. The following company­specific aspects were taken into account in this context: The risk positions and non­strategic operations transferred to FMS Wertmanagement were treated as cash items in the cash flow statement. Furthermore, given FMS’s focus on winding up the assets transferred to it, the bonds and notes classified under fixed assets were not assigned to the cash flows from investing activities (item 21a) but to cash flows from operating activities (item 9). The cash funds reported comprise demand deposits with banks that are payable on demand.

 

F-32


Table of Contents

Statement of changes in equity

for the period from 8 July until 31 December 2010

 

     Balance  at
8.7.2010

€ thousand
     Other change
in equity
€ thousand
     Appropriation
of net profit
€ thousand
     Balance at
31.12.2010
€ thousand
 

Subscribed capital

     0         200         0         200   

Capital reserves

     0         1,800         0         1,800   

Retained earnings

     0         0         0         0   

Net accumulated losses

     0         0         –2,000         –2,000   

Equity as defined by German commercial law

     0         2,000         –2,000         0   

 

F-33


Table of Contents

Notes

General information

Legal framework

Under agreements dated 29 and 30 September 2010, risk positions and non­strategic operations of the HRE Group with a nominal value of around EUR 173 billion were transferred to FMS Wertmanagement effective 1 October 2010. For this, the Federal Agency for Financial Market Stabilisation (Bundes­anstalt für Finanzmarktstabilisierung – FMSA) – acting as necessary on behalf of the German Financial Market Stabilisation Fund (Finanzmarktstabilisierungsfonds – SoFFin), Hypo Real Estate Holding AG (HRE), Deutsche Pfandbriefbank AG (pbb), Depfa Bank plc and other companies of the HRE Group as well as FMS Wertmanagement entered into a number of agreements pursuant to which certain risk positions and non­strategic operations of the HRE Group were to be transferred to FMS Wertmanagement in accordance with Section 8a of the German Law Establishing a Financial Market Stabilisation Fund (Gesetz zur Errichtung eines Finanzmarktstabilisierungsfonds – FMStFG).

The transferors, pbb and HRE, transferred all of the risk positions and non­strategic operations to FMS Wertmanagement, partly by way of a spin­off into an existing company, in accordance with Section 8a (1) and (8) FMStFG in conjunction with Section 123 (2) No. 1 and Section 131 of the German Reorganisation and Transformation Act (Umwandlungsgesetz – UmwG). The risk positions and non­strategic operations that were not transferred by way of the spin­off were transferred to FMS Wertmanagement by way of a subparticipation, assignment, novation or guarantee. Which approach was chosen depended on the different legal, regulatory and tax requirements of the respective countries governing the respective transaction. What is common to all means of transfer however, is that FMS Wertmanagement assumed the financial risk of the risk positions and non­strategic operations. The spin­offs from HRE and pbb were recorded in the respective German Commercial Register for HRE and pbb as well as for FMS Wertmanagement.

The contracts signed on 29 and 30 September 2010 also included the internal group “concentration agreements” between HRE on the one hand and pbb, Depfa Bank plc and other companies of the HRE Group on the other. These concentration agreements established that HRE had a claim under the German law of obligations to the transfer by the HRE Group companies of the risk positions and non­strategic operations. HRE spun of its contractual position and its claims under the concentration agreements to FMS Wertmanagement as part of the aforementioned spin­off. The concentration agreements were executed directly between the respective HRE Group company and FMS Wertmanagement by way of the aforementioned subparticipations, assignments, novations or guarantees.

FMS Wertmanagement is an organisationally and financially independent winding­up institution under public law with partial legal capacity that may engage in legal transactions in its own name, sue and be sued in court. It is regulated and supervised by the FMSA and the Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin). In accordance with the law and the Charter of FMS Wertmanagement, SoFFin is under an obligation to compensate all losses. FMS Wertmanagement was founded on 8 July 2010 and recorded in the Commercial Register of the Munich Local Court on 13 September 2010.

FMS Wertmanagement acquired the assets, provisions, liabilities, prepaid expenses and deferred income, as well as executory contracts effective for accounting purposes as at 1 October 2010. The transfer of assets is recognised in line with general principles; with respect of the assets acquired as part of the spin­off into an existing company (Section 123 (2) No. 1 UmwG) recognition is based on Section 24 UmwG. The company makes use of the option in Section 24 UmwG, which provides for a continuation of the transfering entity´s book values. Those book values constitute the acquisition costs of FMS Wertmanagement.

In accordance with its Charter, FMS Wertmanagement has also currently outsourced the administration of the risk assets transferred to it by the HRE Group to pbb (portfolio servicer) through a notarised cooperation agreement having an indefinite term. The work outsourced to pbb entails many of the administrative activities connected with the portfolio taken over. The scope of this outsourcing is described in service level agreements signed by FMS Wertmanagement and pbb. The precise content of the service level agreements was defined in the first half of 2011. In the reporting period, pbb performed its duties on the basis of preliminary service level agreements. FMS Wertmanagement alone has the decision­making powers and responsibility for the risk assets under management. The cooperation agreement additionally contains extensive rights to obtain information and the right to inspection, designed to enable FMS Wertmanagement to monitor and control pbb’s management of the risk assets. The agreement between FMS Wertmanagement and pbb may be terminated for the first time effective 30 September 2013 giving notice of twelve months.

 

F-34


Table of Contents

Preparation of the annual financial statements for the short 2010 fiscal year

The annual financial statements of FMS Wertmanagement for the short fiscal year from 8 July 2010 to 31 December 2010 have been prepared in accordance with Section 8a (1) Sentence 10 in conjunction with Section 3a (4) FMStFG and the supplementary provisions of the Charter of FMS Wertmanagement in compliance with the regulations for large corporations contained in the German Commercial Code (Handelsgesetzbuch – HGB), last amended by the German Accounting Law Modernisation Act (Bilanzrechtsmodernisierungsgesetz – BilMoG), as well as in accordance with the German Accounting Directive for Banks and Financial Services Providers (Verordnung über die Rechnungslegung der Kreditinstitute und Finanzdienstleistungsinstitute – RechKredV).

Since FMS Wertmanagement is a publicly traded company, its annual financial statements in accordance with Section 264 (1) Sentence 2 HGB comprise the balance sheet, the income statement, the notes, a statement of changes in equity and a cash flow statement. A management report has also been prepared.

The annual financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2010 are FMS Wertmanagement’s first set of annual financial statements, which is why no comparative figures are available for the balance sheet and income statement.

For the sake of clarity, the balance sheet and the income statement of FMS Wertmanagement are presented in thousands of euros (EUR thousand).

Accounting policies

Assets, liabilities and executory contracts are measured in accordance with Sections 252 ff. and Sections 340 ff. HGB.

Loans and advances to banks and to customers are generally carried at cost or at their nominal value reduced by specific and general provision (risk provisions). Differences between the nominal value and the cost, which are similar in nature to interest, are accounted for in prepaid expenses and recognised in profit or loss under net interest income over the term of the receivable using the straight­line method. The proportionate interest calculated at the reporting date is recognised together with the underlying receivable.

On the basis of proposals by the portfolio servicer, analyses by other expert third parties and analyses by the Bank itself, specific valuation allowances and provisions have been recognised for individual risks that have arisen and are likely to arise in the lending business. Expected future proceeds from the realisation of collateral were discounted.

Latent risks in the lending business are covered by general provisions recognised in line with the requirements of the IDW statement BFA 1/1990 on the recognition of general provisions. They are calculated based on the expected loss determined by the portfolio servicer, which is modelled for the case in question using several parameters: probability of default, amount of exposure in the event of a default and expected recovery rate in the event of a default. To take account of the macroeconomic relationships at the reporting date, a market distortion adjustment (MDA) factor was also considered with the help of which the probabilities of default calculated are adjusted to reflect the economic situation at the reporting date. Estimating the calculation parameters of the anticipated loss is based on data of the previous portfolio owner.

Collective country valuation allowances are also recognised for loans to borrowers in countries with transfer risks. The amount of the valuation allowances is determined using the method proposed by the German Federal Finance Ministry in letter No. IV C 6 – S2174/0. The countries to be included and the amount of the valuation allowances are determined on the basis of external country ratings that reflect current and expected economic data as well as the overall political situation in the countries in question.

Debt instruments are generally allocated to fixed assets (financial assets) because they are continuously used for operations. Long­term securities are measured according to the modified lower of cost or market principle in accordance with Section 340e (1) Sentence 2 HGB. Long­term securities are written down if FMS Wertmanagement believes that permanent impairment exists. The existence of permanent impairment is determined in the case in question on the basis of information supplied by the portfolio servicer and commissioned expert third parties and obtained through the Bank’s own investigations. Whether the instruments are permanently impaired is generally tested using the same approach as for testing the impairment of loan receivables. Investment securities that are not permanently impaired are included in the measurement base for calculating the general provision.

 

F-35


Table of Contents

Securities with a maturity of up to one year at the time of the transfer or acquisition are allocated to current assets (liquidity reserve). Securities classified as current assets are recognised in accordance with the strict lower of cost or market principle at the lower of their cost or fair value.

The fair value is normally calculated on the basis of reference date­based stock exchange or market prices derived from transaction prices. Prices from model­based measurements or indicative prices are used to compute the fair value of securities for which no reliable stock exchange or market prices are available.

Where investment securities are carried at amounts higher than their current fair value using the modified lower of cost or market principle, these differences must be disclosed separately in the notes.

FMS Wertmanagement holds positions in asset­backed securities. These structured financial instruments are not required to be separated and are carried as a uniform asset and in compliance with the general provisions of the German Commercial Code.

Securities repurchase agreements (repos) are reported in accordance with the provisions of Section 340b HGB. The securities sold under genuine repurchase agreements are still reported in the balance sheet of FMS Wertmanagement.

Shares in affiliated companies and other long-term equity investments are measured at amortised cost in accordance with the regulations for fixed assets. In the case of permanent impairment, write­downs are charged on the assets’ lower fair value.

Tangible fixed assets are carried at cost and reduced by depreciation. Our estimate of the useful lives of the assets was based on the tables published by the tax authorities. Tangible fixed assets were depreciated on a pro rata basis in the short fiscal year.

For the sake of simplicity and in compliance with the tax regulations, assets costing EUR 150 or less before VAT are written down in full in the year of acquisition. Assets costing between EUR 150 and EUR 1,000 before VAT are presented in an omnibus account that is written down over five fiscal years using the straight-line method.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are calculated on temporary differences between the book values of the assets or liabilities and their tax base. The temporary differences identified are measured at a tax rate of 32.975 %. The combined income tax rate comprises corporate income tax, trade tax and the solidarity surcharge. Temporary differences affect the balance sheet items loans and advances to banks and loans and advances to customers, debt instruments, shares in affiliated companies, provisions for expected losses and provisions for legal costs. Tax loss carryforwards also exist. In the general overview, FMS Wertmanagement’s deferred tax assets exceed its deferred tax liabilities. FMS Wertmanagement does not make use of the option to carry the excess of deferred tax assets in the balance sheet in accordance with Section 274 (1) Sentence 2 HGB.

Expenses incurred prior to the reporting date are presented under prepaid expenses where these will be incurred for a certain period of time after the reporting date. This item principally includes deferrals in connection with derivative products. Payments made for the derivatives taken over from pbb and HRE (positive fair values) are recognised here. The prepaid expenses item also includes deferrals in connection with the underwriting and lending business. Prepaid expenses particularly include the deferred payments made by FMS Wertmanagement for the hedge adjustments of the hedged items taken over from pbb and HRE. These hedged items were accounted for by the transferor in accordance with IFRSs, with the IFRS book value (including the IFRS hedge adjustment) constituting the transfer price. Prepaid expenses are amortised over the useful life of the assets using the straight-line method.

Liabilities are carried at their settlement or nominal amount. Differences between the principal amount and the settlement amount of the liabilities are posted to deferred income and reversed through profit and loss on a pro rata basis.

Provisions for uncertain liabilities and for expected losses from executory contracts are recognised in the amount of their anticipated utilisation (settlement amount). Provisions with a remaining maturity of more than one year are discounted or interest is added back to their book value in accordance with Section 253 (2) HGB. Current gains or losses from the discounting and interest cost are reported under net interest income. In the reporting year, there were no provisions with a remaining maturity of more than one year, however. Discounting in accordance with Section 253 (2) HGB was therefore not necessary. Provisions for expected losses from executory contracts (derivatives) were recognised in the amount of the existing excess of obligations over expected benefits.

 

F-36


Table of Contents

Income generated prior to the reporting date is presented under deferred income where this will be generated for a certain period of time after the reporting date. This item primarily includes deferrals in connection with derivative products. Payments that FMS Wertmanagement received for the derivatives taken over from pbb and HRE (negative fair values) are recognised here. The deferred income item also includes deferrals in connection with the underwriting and lending business. Deferred income particularly includes the deferred payments received by FMS Wertmanagement for the hedge adjustments of the hedged items taken over from pbb and HRE. These hedged items were accounted for by the transferor in accordance with IFRSs, with the IFRS book value (including the IFRS hedge adjustment) constituting the transfer price. Deferred income is amortised over the useful life on a straight-line basis.

Derivative financial instruments are entered into to hedge interest rate risk in individual hedged items, to manage general interest rate risk and to hedge currency and counterparty risks.

 

   

Derivative financial instruments that are used to hedge the interest rate risk of individual hedged items (micro hedges) are measured together with the hedged items. If the offsetting interest rate­ induced changes in the value of the hedged item and hedging instrument are not compensated, an unequal treatment of the difference occurs.

 

   

Derivative financial instruments that are used to manage the general interest rate risk are aggregated into a offsetting item with the other interest­based and non interest­induced transactions in the trading book (securities, loans). A provision is only recognised if an excess obligation exists in this offsetting item. It was not necessary to recognise a provision in the short fiscal year.

 

   

Derivatives such as credit default swaps and foreign currency swaps are used to hedge counterparty or currency risks. These derivatives are not aggregated with other hedged items in hedges and are measured in accordance with the general principles of commercial law. It was not necessary to recognise a provision in the short fiscal year.

FMS Wertmanagement uses the net hedge presentation method to present documented hedges for hedging market price risks at individual transaction level (micro hedges) in accordance with Section 254 HGB. Where the offsetting changes in value resulting from the hedged risk (especially interest rate risk) are compensated, the changes in value in the hedged item or in the hedging instrument (net hedge presentation method) were not recognised. Where the offsetting changes in value resulting from the hedged risk of the hedged item and the hedging instrument are not compensated, the general accounting policies for this ineffective portion were used. In an existing excess obligation, the ineffective portion of the hedge’s hedged risk is recognised unequally through the recognition of a provision for anticipated losses. The ineffective portion is computed by comparing the change in value from the hedged risk of the hedged item with the change in value from the hedged risk of the hedging instrument.

The portfolio servicer carried out an effectiveness test of the hedges. The effectiveness of the hedges was examined primarily on the basis of linear regression.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed under the line at their principal amount after deduction of any provisions recognised.

Foreign currency items in the balance sheet are translated into the reporting currency (euros) in accordance with the provisions of Section 256a HGB in conjunction with Section 340a (1) and Section 340h HGB. FMS Wertmanagement performs its currency translation at the reporting date within the scope of specific coverage in accordance with Section 340h HGB. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the middle spot rate at 31 December 2010, for which the reference exchange rate recorded centrally by the European Central Bank is used. Expenses and income were translated into euros at the exchange rate on the transaction date. Expenses and income arising from the currency translation are presented net under other operating expenses or other operating income.

Interest income and interest expense for swaps entered into are presented gross, i.e. not netted, in the income statement.

 

F-37


Table of Contents

Notes to the balance sheet

Loans and advances to banks

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

Of which: to affiliated companies

     0   

Of which: to other long-term investees and investors

     0   

Payable on demand

     47,084   

Up to three months

     2,442   

More than three months and up to one year

     4,480   

More than one year and up to five years

     5,022   

More than five years

     8,725   

Indefinite term

     0   
  

 

 

 

Total

     67,753   
  

 

 

 

Loans and advances to customers

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

Of which: to affiliated companies

     2,321   

Of which: to other long-term investees and investors

     9   

Payable on demand

     0   

Up to three months

     5,211   

More than three months and up to one year

     4,039   

More than one year and up to five years

     11,142   

More than five years

     14,420   

Indefinite term

     0   
  

 

 

 

Total

     34,812   
  

 

 

 

 

F-38


Table of Contents

Debt instruments

The debt instruments item in the balance sheet is broken down as follows:

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

Book value

     243,775   

of which: public-sector issuers

     62,674   

of which: other issuers

     65,357   

of which: own debt instruments

     115,744   

Marketable securities

     243,775   

of which: listed

     210,986   

of which: not listed

     32,789   

Securities of affiliated companies

     0   

Securities of other long-term investees and investors

     0   

Securities sold under repurchase agreements as at 31 December 2010

     157,966   

Securities due in 2011

     66,921   

Of the marketable securities, EUR 125,353 million are allocated to fixed assets and not measured in accordance with the strict lower of cost or market principle. If the impairment existing at the reporting date is not considered permanent and it is expected that the securities will be repaid in full on maturity, the securities are not written down and are measured at amortised cost.

Own debt instruments of EUR 116 billion result from the issue for stock of own debt instruments for the purpose of restructuring the refinancing of FMS Wertmanagement and are measured as current assets. Issues with a volume of EUR 124 billion guaranteed by SoFFin were transferred to FMS Wertmanagement from the HRE Group as part of the portfolio transfer. Of this figure, EUR 109 billion was replaced by FMS Wertmanagement’s own issues up to the end of 2010 and the SoFFin guarantees no longer needed were gradually returned. From the given date forward FMS Wertmanagement’s own issues served to secure the borrowings from the central banks.

The deferred write­downs on debt instruments total EUR 24,427 million. The book values and the fair values of these financial instruments (including accrued interest), broken down by issuer group, can be seen in the following overview:

 

€ million

   Of which:
public-sector
issuers
     Of which:
banks
     Of which:
other issuers
     Total  

Book value

     62,430         11,648         51,275         125,353   

Fair value

     46,750         10,331         43,614         100,695   

Deferred write-downs in fixed assets

     15,346         1,231         7,850         24,427   

of which:

asset-backed securities

              2,443   

of which: PIIGS countries

              14,519   

Portugal

              (437

Ireland

              (365

Italy

              (7,655

Greece

              (4,717

Spain

              (1,345

For these securities, FMS Wertmanagement assumes on the basis of its wind­up strategy, some of which is geared toward the long term, and the expected performance that the fair value will only temporarily be lower than the book value. There are currently no payment problems or doubts about the recoverability of these securities. A portion of the deferred write­downs is offset by general provisions amounting to EUR 44 million.

 

F-39


Table of Contents

Shares in affiliated companies and other long-term equity investments

None of the other long­term equity investments and shares in affiliated companies held by FMS Wertmanagement are marketable.

 

Other long-term equity investments

   31.12.2010
€ million
 

Book value

     7   

of which: other long-term equity investments in banks

     0   

of which: other long-term equity investments in financial services institutions

     0   

 

Shares in affiliated companies

   31.12.2010
€ million
 

Book value

     316   

of which: shares in affiliated companies (banks)

     0   

of which: shares in affiliated companies (financial services institutions)

     253   

These essentially concern the investments in Hypo Real Estate Capital Corp., New York, and WH-Erste Grundstücks GmbH & Co. KG, Schönefeld.

Fiduciary assets

 

      31.12.2010
€ thousand
 

Receivables from customers

     479   
  

 

 

 

Total

     479   
  

 

 

 

Tangible fixed assets

The amount presented for tangible fixed assets completely comprises the operating and office equipment of FMS Wertmanagement.

Changes in fixed assets

 

                           Depreciation/amortization         

€ thousand

   Cost
8.7.2010
     Additions
2010
     Disposals
2010
     Current year
2010
     Cumulative
31.12.2010
     Book value
31.12.2010
 

Intangible fixed assets

     0         2,133         0         107         107         2,026   

Tangible fixed assets

     0         202         0         37         37         165   
            Changes*         

Long-term equity investments

     0         6,719         6,719   

Shares in affiliated companies

     0         315,681         315,681   

Securities classified as fixed assets

     0         125,352,728         125,352,728   

 

* The option to combine items in accordance with Section 34 (3) RechKredV was used.

Other assets

The other assets of EUR 3,069 million recognised as at 31 December 2010 relate almost exclusively to the existing loss compensation claim against SoFFin (EUR 3,039 million).

Prepaid expenses

Prepaid expenses are comprised of the following items:

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

Book value

     8,018   

of which: positive fair values of the derivatives transferred as at 1 October 2010

     6,385   

of which: from the lending business

     1,633   

Premium from receivables

     (1,633

 

F-40


Table of Contents

Prepaid expenses from the lending business also include the deferred payments made by FMS Wertmanagement for the hedge adjustments of the hedged items (receivables) taken over from pbb and HRE. These hedged items (receivables) were accounted for by the transferor in accordance with IFRSs, with the IFRS book value (including the IFRS hedge adjustment) constituting the transfer price.

The prepaid expenses are reversed over the lifetime of the assets using the straight-line method.

Subordinated assets

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

Receivables from banks

     510   

from affiliated companies

     0   

from other long-term investees and investors

     0   

Receivables from customers

     0   

Debt instruments

     336   

from affiliated companies

     0   

from other long-term investees and investors

     0   
  

 

 

 

Total

     846   
  

 

 

 

Liabilities to banks

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

To affiliated companies

     0   

To other long-term investees and investors

     0   

Payable on demand

     0   

Up to three months

     147,151   

More than three months and up to one year

     33,443   

More than one year and up to five years

     4,952   

More than five years

     4,531   
  

 

 

 

Total

     190,077   
  

 

 

 

Liabilities to customers

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

To affiliated companies

     0   

To other long-term investees and investors

     0   

Payable on demand

     231   

Up to three months

     45   

More than three months and up to one year

     292   

More than one year and up to five years

     655   

More than five years

     1,227   
  

 

 

 

Total

     2,450   
  

 

 

 

Securitised liabilities

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

Book value

     139,651   

of which: to affiliated companies

     0   

of which: to other long-term investees and investors

     0   

Amounts due in 2011

     83,651   

 

F-41


Table of Contents

Fiduciary liabilities

 

     31.12.2010
€ thousand
 

Liabilities to banks

     275   

Liabilities to customers

     204   
  

 

 

 

Total

     479   
  

 

 

 

Other liabilities

This item principally comprises the currency translation adjustment item of EUR 1,316 million.

Deferred income

Deferred income is comprised of the following items:

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

Negative fair values of the derivatives transferred as at 1 October 2010

     23,711   

From the lending business (discount from receivables)

     154   

Other

     8   
  

 

 

 

Total

     23,873   
  

 

 

 

Deferred income from the lending business also includes deferred payments received by FMS Wertmanagement for the hedge adjustments of the hedged items (receivables) taken over from pbb and HRE. These hedged items (receivables) were accounted for by the transferor in accordance with IFRSs, with the IFRS book value (including the IFRS hedge adjustment) constituting the transfer price. The deferred income is reversed over the lifetime of the liabilities using the straight-line method.

Provisions

 

€ million

   Balance
8.7.2010
     Transfer      Addition      Disposal      Utilisation      Closing
balance
31.12.2010
 

Other

                 

Non-personnel expenses and commission expenses

     0         0         3         0         0         3   

Loss absorption

     0         12         0         0         5         7   

Expected losses

     0         48         306         0         0         354   

Other

     0         3         4         0         0         7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

             0                 63             313                 0                 5             371   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Changes in equity

The subscribed capital of FMS Wertmanagement as at 31 December 2010 was EUR 200 thousand. FMS Wertmanagement received other additions to its capital reserves from the transfer amounting to EUR 1,800 thousand. The net loss for the 2010 reporting period was EUR 2,000 thousand.

Deferred taxes

The Bank does not make use of the option to recognise surplus deferred tax assets resulting from aggregate tax benefits arising in accordance with Section 274 (1) Sentence 2 HGB. The surplus deferred tax assets at 31 December 2010 mainly result from the income tax loss carryforward as well as tax differences, especially from valuation allowances on loans and advances to banks, loans and advances to customers, debt instruments, shares in affiliated companies and provisions for expected losses and legal costs.

 

F-42


Table of Contents

Deferred taxes are calculated on the basis of the combined income tax rate of FMS Wertmanagement of currently 32.975%. The combined income tax rate comprises corporate income tax, trade tax and the solidarity surcharge. In the fiscal year arose deferred taxes in the asset side that were not entered into the balance sheet.

Contingent liabilities

Under this item FMS Wertmanagement reports its possible utilisation of guarantees in the amount of EUR 13,847 million, undrawn liquidity facilities in the amount of EUR 2,982 million as well as irrevocable loan commitments in the amount of EUR 2,158 million.

Guarantees as defined in Section 8a (1) FMStFG hedge EUR 6,302 million in financial risks from certain risk positions as part of the asset transfer to FMS Wertmanagement. The assets guaranteed are still accounted for by the holders, Depfa Bank plc and pbb. The guarantees are designed as abstract, directly enforceable, irrevocable, unconditional guarantees and took economic effect on 1 December 2010.

FMS Wertmanagement also fully refinanced the existing business of its subsidiaries Hypo Real Estate Capital Corp., New York, and Flint Nominees Ltd., London, guaranteeing and hence assuming the default risks arising from this business through credit derivatives (credit default swaps). The nominal value of these credit default swaps is EUR 2,224 million. As the receivables from these affiliated companies are carried in the balance sheet, the credit default swaps do not present an additional credit risk. A potential default will therefore materialise only once.

This item also includes credit default swaps of EUR 5,320 million with FMS Wertmanagement as guarantor. These credit default swaps are also presented under the credit derivatives in the breakdown of the derivatives.

In addition to the undrawn liquidity facilities mentioned above, there is a further unlimited liquidity facility with Depfa Bank plc for refinancing cash collateral for specific assets and derivatives to be provided by Depfa Bank plc.

FMS Wertmanagement does not know whether or when these individual contingent liabilities will be utilised and in what amount. When FMS Wertmanagement obtains sufficient concrete information about a loss from an anticipated utilisation, a provision is recognised.

Assets pledged as collateral

Apart from the securities sold under repurchase agreements as at 31 December 2010 in the amount of EUR 157,966 million (see the description under debt instruments), there are no other assets pledged as collateral for liabilities or contingent liabilities of FMS Wertmanagement.

Derivative financial instruments

The table below shows the breakdown of FMS Wertmanagement’s interest­based and currency­based transactions:

 

31.12.2010

€ million

   Remaining maturity in years (nominal)      Nominal      Market value  
            £ 1                      1 – 5                        ³ 5              Total      Positive      Negative  

Interest-based transactions

     26,160         103,079         159,999         289,237         8,162         –22,297   

of which:

                 

OTC products

     26,160         103,079         159,999         289,237         8,162         –22,297   

Currency-based transactions

     48,015         10,763         2,287         61,066         1,081         –1,574   

of which:

                 

OTC products:

     48,015         10,763         2,287         61,066         1,081         –1,574   

Forward exchange transactions

     46,393         121         0         46,515         390         –610   

Cross currency swaps

     1,622         10,642         2,287         14,551         691         –964   

Total

     74,175         113,842         162,286         350,303         9,243         –23,871   

 

F-43


Table of Contents

The interest-based transactions are almost exclusively comprised of interest rate swaps.

The following table shows the breakdown of credit derivatives:

 

31.12.2010

€ million

   Nominal      Positive
market values
     Negative
market values
 

Secured party

        

Credit default swaps

     2,939         550         –14   

Guarantor

        

Credit default swaps

     5,320         1         –484   

of which in € million

     1,515         0         –265   

of which in USD million

     5,084         2         –293   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     8,259         551         –498   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The fair values of the non­exchange­traded derivatives were calculated using actuarial valuation techniques and measurement parameters available on the market.

In accordance with Section 254 HGB, FMS Wertmanagement aggregates hedged items and hedging instruments into hedges. Hedged items with a total value of EUR 80,968 million have been aggregated into micro hedges.

Nominal values of the hedged items in EUR million:

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

Assets

     78,886   

Liabilities

     2,082   
  

 

 

 

Total

     80,968   
  

 

 

 

The amount of the risk hedged, i.e. the amount in which the changes in value (expenses and income) of the hedged items and hedging instruments aggregated in the micro hedges at the reporting date are fully compensated and therefore not presented in the income statement, is EUR 4,560 million.

The changes in value of the hedged items and hedging instruments arising from hedges with negative ineffectiveness can be seen in the following overview:

 

31.12.2010

€ million

   Negative change in value     Positive change in value  

Hedged items

     2,170        36   

Hedging instruments

     67        2,094   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     2,237        2,130   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

of which not recognised

     (2,130     (2,130

of which recognised as a provision for anticipated losses

     (107     0   

This list and the amount stated for the risk hedged contain all hedged items and hedging instruments from hedges whose effectiveness is demonstrated through a fair value hedge. They do not include hedges whose effectiveness is demonstrated through the cash flows of the hedged item and hedging instrument, which is the case when the hedging instrument is a total return swap (TRS). For TRSs, hedged items with a value of EUR 6,860 million have been aggregated into micro hedges.

Foreign-currency items

Total assets in foreign currencies amount to EUR 97,905 million. Liabilities in foreign currencies exist at year­end in the amount of EUR 55,373 million.

The open foreign-currency items are offset by forward exchange transactions or currency swaps with matching maturities.

 

F-44


Table of Contents

Notes to the income statement

Net interest income

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

Interest income

     4,088   

Lending and money market transactions

     3,149   

Fixed-interest securities and debt claims

     939   

Interest expenses

     3,942   

Lending and money market transactions

     3,027   

Securitised liabilities

     407   

Loans taken out

     53   

Other

     455   
  

 

 

 

Total

     146   
  

 

 

 

Income and expenses from discounting were not generated or incurred in the short 2010 fiscal year.

Net commission income

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

Commission income

     26   

Lending business

     8   

Other

     18   

Derivatives business

     1   

Commission expenses

     112   

SoFFin guarantees

     110   

Other

     2   
  

 

 

 

Total

     –86   
  

 

 

 

The negative net commission income is primarily the result of premium payments for derivatives entered into for hedging purposes as well commission expenses for former bonds issued by HRE with SoFFin guarantees (Section 6 FMStG). Most of these bonds guaranteed by SoFFin were redeemed in 2010, leading to the guarantees being returned.

Write-downs of and valuation allowances on receivables and certain securities,

and additions to loan loss provisions

The following expenses are reported in this income statement item:

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

Valuation allowances and additions to loan loss provisions

     1,839   

Write-downs of securities and bonds

     111   
  

 

 

 

Total

     1,950   
  

 

 

 

The allowances for loan losses relate to the additions to the specific and general provisions on receivables in the short fiscal year. The write­downs of securities and bonds relate to write­downs of securities from the liquidity reserve.

 

F-45


Table of Contents

Write-downs of and valuation allowances on other equity investments,

shares in affiliated companies and securities classified as fixed assets

The following expenses incurred in connection with the debt instruments reported under financial assets were recorded in this income statement item:

 

     31.12.2010
€ million
 

Write-downs of debt instruments

     1,017   

Write-downs of equity investments

     6   

Losses on the sale of debt instruments

     3   

Total

     1,026   

Other operating income and expenses

Other operating expenses of EUR 17 million mainly result from additions to the other provisions that are not loan loss provisions (EUR 9 million). Other operating expenses also include a net amount of EUR 0.8 million arising from currency translation.

Other operating income of EUR 16 million relates to premium payments received in connection with the termination of credit derivatives.

Prior-period income and expenses

No prior­period income and expenses were incurred in the short fiscal year.

Income from loss absorption

The income disclosed here results from the recognition in profit or loss of FMS Wertmanagement’s loss compensation claim in respect of SoFFin.

 

F-46


Table of Contents

Other disclosures

Auditor’s fee

The services provided by the audit firm PricewaterhouseCoopers in the short fiscal year are divided into EUR 1,200 thousand for audit services at 31 December 2010 and EUR 65 thousand for other services.

Shareholdings

The following overview shows the shareholdings of FMS Wertmanagement, each of which is based on the company’s most recent annual financial statements.

Shares in affiliated companies at 31 December 2010:

 

Name and registered office

   Share in
capital
    of which
indirectly
    Equity
in thsd.
     Result
in thsd.
     Currency  

Flint Nominees Ltd., London

     100.00       50,961         719         GBP   

Hypo Property Investment (1992) Ltd., London

     100.00     100.00     1         0         GBP   

Burleigh Court (Barnsley) Management Limited, London

     20.00     20.00     0         0         GBP   

Hypo Property Investment Ltd., London

     100.00     100.00     290         –127         GBP   

Hypo Property Services Ltd., London

     100.00     100.00     112         1         GBP   

JER Europe Fund III, L.P., London

     0.33     0.33     63,790         –87,512         EUR   

WH-Erste Grundstücks Verwaltungs GmbH, Schönefeld

     100.00       178         –18         EUR   

WH-Zweite Grundstücks Verwaltungs GmbH, Schönefeld

     100.00     100.00     13         –3         EUR   

WH-Erste Grundstücks GmbH & Co. KG, Schönefeld

     93.98       70,115         –8,386         EUR   

WH-Zweite Grundstücks GmbH & Co. KG, Schönefeld

     100.00     100.00     40,230         –60         EUR   

Hypo Real Estate Capital Corp., New York*

     100.00       467,452         8,373         USD   

Liffey Camelback, LLC, Wilmington/Delaware*

     100.00     100.00     1,500         n.a.         USD   

Liffey NSYC, LLC, Wilmington/Delaware*

     100.00     100.00     2,600         n.a.         USD   

Liffey 1110 Park LLC, Delaware*

     100.00     100.00     700         n.a.         USD   

Quadra Realty Trust, Inc. i.L., Maryland*

     100.00     100.00     n.a.         n.a.         USD   

Quadra QRS, LLC, Maryland*

     100.00     100.00     n.a.         n.a.         USD   

Hypo Real Estate Transactions S.A.S., Paris

     100.00       66         26         EUR   

 

* FMS Wertmanagement was not the legal but the economic owner as at 31 December 2010.

Other long-term equity investments at 31 December 2010

 

Name and registered office

   Share in
capital
    Of which
indirectly
    Equity
in thsd.
     Result
in thsd.
     Currency  

Aerodrom Bureau Verwaltungs GmbH, Berlin

     32.00       –705         –3         EUR thousand   

Airport Bureau Verwaltungs GmbH, Berlin

     32.00       –618         –44         EUR thousand   

Riedemannweg 59 – 60 GbR, Schönefeld

     100.00     100.00     –4,761         47         EUR thousand   

Vierte Airport Bureau Center KG Airport Bureau Verwaltungs GmbH & Co., Berlin

     32.00       –1,855         328         EUR thousand   

Inula Grundstücks-Verwaltungsgesell- schaft mbh & Co. KG, Grünwald

     10.00       –42,025         2,002         EUR thousand   

Projektentwicklung Schönefeld Ver- waltungsgesellschaft mbH, Schönefeld

     50.00       28         0         EUR thousand   

SP Projektentwicklung Schönefeld GmbH & Co. KG, Schönefeld

     50.00       15,988         –210         EUR thousand   

Exchange rates

The exchange rates at 31 December 2010 were as follows:

 

United Kingdom

     EUR 1 =         0.86075         GBP   

Hong Kong

     EUR 1 =         10.3856         HKD   

India

     EUR 1 =         59.7580         INR   

Japan

     EUR 1 =         108.65         JPY   

Singapore

     EUR 1 =         1.7136         SGD   

United States of America

     EUR 1 =         1.3362         USD   

 

F-47


Table of Contents

Corporate bodies of FMS Wertmanagement

Members of the Executive Board

Dr. Christian Bluhm, CRO (since 8 July 2010)

Ernst­Albrecht Brockhaus, Treasury/Markets (since 1 September 2010)

Frank Hellwig (from 8 July until 15 September 2010)

Members of the Supervisory Board

Dr. Karl Kauermann (since 8 July 2010)

Chairman of the Supervisory Board

Businessman

Dr. Christopher Pleister (since 8 July 2010)

Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board

Member of the Steering Committee of the Federal Agency for Financial Market Stabilisation

Dr. Hannes Rehm (from 8 July until 20 August 2010)

Spokesman of the Steering Committee of the Federal Agency for Financial Market Stabilisation

Gerhard Stratthaus (from 8 July until 20 August 2010)

Member of the Steering Committee of the Federal Agency for Financial Market Stabilisation

Bernd Giersberg (since 8 July 2010)

Lawyer

Dr. Eckart John von Freyend (since 8 July 2010)

Businessman

Rita Geyermann (since 25 August 2010)

Director Loan Securitisation at KfW Bankengruppe

Dr. Andreas Ricker (since 25 August 2010)

Head of Strategy at Bundesrepublik Deutschland Finanzagentur GmbH

Loans to members of the corporate bodies

At the reporting date, there were no claims in respect of incumbent members of the corporate bodies arising from loans or advances.

Remuneration of the corporate bodies

The members of FMS Wertmanagement’s Executive Board received remuneration of EUR 549 thousand for the short 2010 fiscal year. In addition, the Executive Board received benefits in kind of EUR 11 thousand in the short fiscal year.

Total remuneration of EUR 95 thousand was paid to the members of FMS Wertmanagement’s Supervisory Board.

Annual average number of employees

At 31 December 2010, FMS Wertmanagement had 18 employees. The average number of employees in the short 2010 fiscal year was:

 

     Women      Men      Total  

Full-time employees

     2         6         8   

 

F-48


Table of Contents

Seats held by Executive Board members and employees

In the short fiscal year, neither members of the Executive Board nor employees of FMS Wertmanagement held seats on a supervisory board or other supervisory bodies of large corporations in accordance with Section 340a (4) No. 1 in conjunction with Section 267 (3) HGB.

Responsibility statement in accordance with

Section 264 (2) Sentence 3 HGB

To the best of our knowledge, and in accordance with the applicable reporting principles, the annual financial statements give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of FMS Wertmanagement, and the management report includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business and the position of the company, together with a description of the principal opportunities and risks associated with the expected development of FMS Wertmanagement.

Munich, 9 May 2011

FMS Wertmanagement

The Executive Board

 

LOGO      LOGO
Dr. Christian Bluhm      Ernst-Albrecht Brockhaus

 

F-49


Table of Contents

Report of the Independent Auditor for the year ended December 31, 2010

Auditors’ report

We have audited the annual financial statements – comprising the balance sheet, the income statement, the notes to the financial statements, the cash flow statement and the statement of changes in equity – together with the bookkeeping system and the management report of FMS Wertmanagement for the short business year from 8 July to 31 December 2010. The maintenance of the books and records and the preparation of the annual financial statements and management report in accordance with German commercial law and supplementary provisions of the Company’s Charter are the responsibility of the Executive Board of FMS Wertmanagement. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the annual financial statements, together with the bookkeeping system and the management report based on our audit.

We conducted our audit of the annual financial statements in accordance with § (Article) 317 HGB (“Handelsgesetzbuch”: “German Commercial Code”) and German generally accepted standards for the audit of financial statements promulgated by the Institute der Wirtschaftsprüfer (Institute of Public Auditors in Germany) (IDW). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit such that misstatements materially affecting the presentation of the net assets, financial position and results of operations in the annual financial statements in accordance with (German) principles of proper accounting and in the management report are detected with reasonable assurance. Knowledge of the business activities and the economic and legal environment of FMS Wertmanagement and expectations as to possible misstatements are taken into account in the determination of audit procedures. The effectiveness of the accounting­related internal control system and the evidence supporting the disclosures in the books and records, the annual financial statements and the management are examined primarily on a test basis within the framework of the audit. The audit includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by the Executive Board as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the annual financial statements and management report. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Our audit has not led to any reservations.

In our opinion based on the findings of our audit, the annual financial statements comply with the legal requirements and supplementary provisions of the Company’s Charter and give a true and fair view of the net assets, financial position and results of operations of FMS Wertmanagement in accordance with (German) principles of proper accounting. The management report is consistent with the annual financial statements and as a whole provides a suitable view of FMS Wertmanagement’s position and suitably presents the opportunities and risks of future development.

Munich, 9 May 2011

PricewaterhouseCoopers

Aktiengesellschaft

Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft

 

Sven Hauke       ppa. Carolin Dilger
Wirtschaftsprüfer       Wirtschaftsprüferin
[German Public Auditor]       [German Public Auditor]

 

F-50


Table of Contents

ANNEX A

SCHEDULE OF FUNDED DEBT OUTSTANDING AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2011

FMS-WM bearer bonds as of 31 Dec 2011 (excluding registered bonds)

 

Currency / ISIN

   Number of
issues /
coupon type
   Maturity    Initial amount in
currency of
borrowing
     Initial amount
equivalent €
     Amount
outstanding
equivalent in €
 
                      (unaudited)         
               (in thousands)      (in thousands)      (in thousands)  

EUR

   66         138,582,300         138,582,300         148,112,300   
  

 

     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

DE000A1EWQQ4

   floating    April 27, 2012      1,500,000         1,500,000         6,000,000   

DE000A1EWQR2

   floating    May 11, 2012      1,500,000         1,500,000         5,000,000   

DE000A1EWQS0

   floating    September 17, 2012      1,000,000         1,000,000         1,000,000   

DE000A1EWQT8

   floating    September 28, 2012      1,000,000         1,000,000         1,000,000   

DE000A1EWQ37

   fixed    November 15, 2012      4,000,000         4,000,000         4,000,000   

DE000A1E8SA4

   floating    October 15, 2015      5,000,000         5,000,000         5,000,000   

DE000A1E8SF3

   floating    May 15, 2012      5,000,000         5,000,000         5,000,000   

DE000A1E8SG1

   floating    February 15, 2012      4,000,000         4,000,000         4,000,000   

DE000A1E8SH9

   floating    August 15, 2012      4,000,000         4,000,000         4,000,000   

DE000A1E8SJ5

   floating    August 15, 2014      4,000,000         4,000,000         4,000,000   

DE000A1E8SR8

   floating    March 13, 2012      800,000         800,000         800,000   

DE000A1E8SS6

   floating    January 11, 2013      1,100,000         1,100,000         1,100,000   

DE000A1E8ST4

   floating    March 13, 2013      1,100,000         1,100,000         1,100,000   

DE000A1E8SU2

   floating    January 12, 2012      5,500,000         5,500,000         5,500,000   

DE000A1E8SV0

   floating    January 19, 2012      5,000,000         5,000,000         5,000,000   

DE000A1H3DA4

   floating    January 26, 2012      4,000,000         4,000,000         4,000,000   

DE000A1H3DB2

   floating    January 20, 2021      100,000         100,000         100,000   

DE000A1H3DC0

   floating    January 20, 2014      500,000         500,000         570,000   

DE000A1H3DD8

   fixed    January 20, 2012      750,000         750,000         750,000   

DE000A1H3DE6

   floating    February 16, 2021      50,000         50,000         50,000   

DE000A1H3DF3

   floating    February 15, 2016      100,000         100,000         100,000   

DE000A1H3DG1

   floating    February 18, 2015      250,000         250,000         250,000   

DE000A1H3DH9

   floating    March 15, 2018      25,000         25,000         25,000   

DE000A1H3DL1

   floating    September 16, 2013      1,500,000         1,500,000         1,500,000   

DE000A1H3DM9

   floating    October 15, 2014      1,500,000         1,500,000         1,500,000   

DE000A1H3DP2

   fixed    March 25, 2013      7,000         7,000         7,000   

DE000A1H3DQ0

   floating    April 6, 2021      500,000         500,000         500,000   

DE000A1H3DR8

   floating    December 16, 2013      1,500,000         1,500,000         1,500,000   

DE000A1H3DS6

   floating    April 25, 2014      1,500,000         1,500,000         1,500,000   

DE000A1H3DT4

   floating    January 17, 2013      2,000,000         2,000,000         2,000,000   

DE000A1H3DU2

   floating    January 25, 2013      2,000,000         2,000,000         2,000,000   

DE000A1H3DV0

   floating    January 25, 2012      2,000,000         2,000,000         2,000,000   

DE000A1KQ2P6

   floating    January 31, 2013      2,000,000         2,000,000         2,000,000   

DE000A1KQ2Q4

   floating    March 15, 2012      2,000,000         2,000,000         2,000,000   

DE000A1KQ2R2

   floating    March 15, 2013      2,000,000         2,000,000         2,000,000   

DE000A1KQ2S0

   floating    March 15, 2014      2,000,000         2,000,000         2,000,000   

DE000A1KQ2T8

   floating    March 15, 2015      2,000,000         2,000,000         2,000,000   

DE000A1KQ2U6

   floating    March 20, 2013      2,000,000         2,000,000         2,000,000   

DE000A1KQ2V4

   floating    March 20, 2014      2,000,000         2,000,000         2,000,000   

DE000A1KQ2W2

   floating    June 29, 2012      5,000,000         5,000,000         5,000,000   

DE000A1KQ2X0

   floating    August 15, 2013      6,000,000         6,000,000         6,000,000   

DE000A1KQ2Y8

   floating    March 21, 2013      7,000,000         7,000,000         7,000,000   

DE000A1KQ7U5

   floating    October 18, 2013      5,000,000         5,000,000         5,000,000   

DE000A1KQ7V3

   floating    October 24, 2014      500,000         500,000         500,000   

DE000A1KQ7W1

   floating    April 25, 2013      5,000,000         5,000,000         5,000,000   

DE000A1KQ7X9

   floating    November 8, 2013      5,000,000         5,000,000         5,000,000   

DE000A1KQ7Y7

   floating    January 15, 2014      6,000,000         6,000,000         6,000,000   

DE000A1KQ7Z4

   floating    November 21, 2014      5,000,000         5,000,000         5,000,000   

 

A-1


Table of Contents

Currency / ISIN

   Number of
issues /
coupon type
   Maturity    Initial amount in
currency of
borrowing
     Initial amount
equivalent €
     Amount
outstanding
equivalent in €
 
                      (unaudited)         
               (in thousands)      (in thousands)      (in thousands)  

DE000A1KQ706

   floating    June 6, 2014      5,000,000         5,000,000         5,000,000   

DE000A1KRG61

   fixed    May 17, 2021      10,000         10,000         10,000   

DE000A1KQZ44

   fixed    May 24, 2016      6,000         6,000         6,000   

XS0630591450

   fixed    November 27, 2012      24,300         24,300         24,300   

DE000A1KRHP2

   fixed    June 3, 2016      3,000,000         3,000,000         3,000,000   

DE000A1KQ0U0

   fixed    December 15, 2014      1,000,000         1,000,000         1,500,000   

DE000A1KQ961

   fixed    June 17, 2021      1,000,000         1,000,000         1,000,000   

DE000A1K0KM5

   fixed    July 14, 2014      3,000,000         3,000,000         3,000,000   

DE000A1K0ET3

   floating    August 1, 2021      50,000         50,000         60,000   

DE000A1K0GG5

   fixed    August 3, 2018      600,000         600,000         1,500,000   

DE000A1K0M44

   fixed    August 24, 2015      1,500,000         1,500,000         1,500,000   

DE000A1K0TR5

   floating    August 29, 2014      50,000         50,000         100,000   

DE000A1K0SM8

   fixed    September 8, 2021      1,500,000         1,500,000         1,500,000   

XS0676448169

   floating    March 13, 2013      70,000         70,000         70,000   

XS0684910028

   floating    September 29, 2012      250,000         250,000         250,000   

XS0688819860

   floating    October 7, 2012      200,000         200,000         200,000   

XS0725285141

   fixed    December 30, 2013      15,000         15,000         15,000   

XS0725294218

   fixed    December 28, 2018      25,000         25,000         25,000   

GBP

   9         2,162,000         2,588,292         3,085,119   
  

 

     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

DE000A1H3DJ5

   fixed    March 1, 2016      22,000         26,338         26,338   

DE000A1H3DN7

   floating    March 22, 2012      235,000         281,336         538,729   

DE000A1KQ1J1

   floating    April 11, 2012      1,285,000         1,538,369         1,538,369   

XS0617347082

   floating    April 18, 2012      120,000         143,661         143,661   

DE000A1KQ5E3

   floating    May 4, 2012      60,000         71,830         71,830   

DE000A1KQZ93

   floating    May 26, 2012      20,000         23,943         23,943   

DE000A1KQ9M8

   floating    July 3, 2012      100,000         119,717         119,717   

DE000A1K0DZ2

   floating    June 16, 2014      250,000         299,294         538,729   

DE000A1K0E51

   floating    June 15, 2012      70,000         83,802         83,802   

USD

   5         1,235,000         954,479         1,031,764   
  

 

     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

XS0620757327

   floating    April 25, 2013      500,000         386,429         386,429   

XS0627519597

   floating    November 20, 2012      100,000         77,286         77,286   

XS0634259310

   floating    June 8, 2012      35,000         27,050         27,050   

XS0636310277

   floating    June 10, 2014      100,000         77,286         77,286   

XS0640923677

   floating    June 21, 2013      500,000         386,429         463,714   

JPY

   1         5,000,000         49,900         49,900   
  

 

     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

DE000A1H3DK3

   floating    October 22, 2012      5,000,000         49,900         49,900   

NOK

   2         750,000         96,724         96,724   
  

 

     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

XS0644078486

   fixed    July 5, 2021      500,000         64,483         64,483   

XS0690541296

   fixed    October 14, 2016      250,000         32,241         32,241   

SEK

   6         3,030,000         339,991         362,433   
  

 

     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

XS0633543508

   fixed    August 12, 2017      1,000,000         112,208         112,208   

XS0669208448

   fixed    August 26, 2014      500,000         56,104         56,104   

XS0676308405

   floating    September 15, 2014      550,000         61,715         61,715   

XS0683079023

   floating    March 27, 2015      330,000         37,029         37,029   

XS0683194558

   floating    October 4, 2013      300,000         33,662         56,104   

XS0722479226

   floating    December 20, 2013      350,000         39,273         39,273   
  

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   89            142,611,686         152,738,241   
  

 

        

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

A-2


Table of Contents

THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GENERAL

Area, Location and Population

The Federal Republic is situated in central Europe and comprises an area of about 357,000 square kilometers (about 138,000 square miles). Its total population was in the range of 81.8 million in 2010. Approximately 16% of the total population is concentrated in metropolitan areas with more than 500,000 inhabitants; the largest of these areas are (in descending order) Berlin, Hamburg, Munich, Cologne and Frankfurt am Main.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Statistisches Jahrbuch 2011, Tables 2.1.1, 2.4, 2.5, and 2.6.

The following is a map of the Federal Republic and illustrates its location with respect to neighboring countries.

 

LOGO

The following table provides demographic information for the Federal Republic, including age distribution and population growth rates.

POPULATION

 

     2010      2009      2008      2007      2006  
     (number of persons)  

Total population

     81,751,602         81,802,257         82,002,356         82,217,837         82,314,906   
Age distribution    (percent of total population)  

Under 20

     18.4         18.8         19.0         19.4         19.7   

20-40

     24.2         24.3         24.6         25.0         25.5   

40-60

     31.1         31.0         30.8         30.3         29.8   

60-80

     21.0         20.8         20.6         20.5         20.4   

80 and older

     5.3         5.1         5.0         4.8         4.6   
Growth rate    (percent change on the previous year)  

Total population

     -0.1         -0.2         -0.3         -0.1         -0.1   

Under 20

     -1.7         -1.8         -1.9         -1.7         -1.7   

20-40

     -0.7         -1.5         -1.8         -1.8         -2.1   

40-60

     0.2         0.6         1.1         1.6         2.3   

60-80

     0.9         0.8         0.3         0.3         -0.4   

80 and older

     3.0         2.9         3.4         3.2         3.4   

 

G-1


Table of Contents

 

Sources: Statistisches Bundesamt, Population, Population by age groups, Germany, Value (https://www.destatis.de/EN/FactsFigures/Indicators/LongTermSeries/Population/lrbev01.html?cms_gtp=150344_list%253D1&https=1); Statistisches Bundesamt, Population, Population by age groups, Germany, Change on the previous year (https://www.destatis.de/EN/FactsFigures/Indicators/LongTermSeries/Population/lrbev01.html?cms_gtp=150344_list%253D2&https=1).

The German population has entered a slightly declining trend, as it is aging gradually. These developments are expected to continue and intensify over the next several decades. These demographic trends are likely to result in downward pressure on Germany’s growth potential in the long run.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Germany’s Population by 2060 – Results of the 12th coordinated population projection (https://www.destatis.de/EN/Publications/Specialized/Population/GermanyPopulation2060.pdf?__blob=publicationFile).

Government

The Federal Republic is a federated republic whose constitution is codified in the Grundgesetz of 1949. The capital of the Federal Republic is Berlin. The Federal Republic consists of 16 federal states (Länder). The Länder have legislative sovereignty over matters not expressly reserved to the legislative, executive and judicial bodies of the Federal Republic.

The Grundgesetz provides for a Federal President (Bundespräsident), two Houses of Parliament (the Bundestag and the Bundesrat, which consists of representatives of the 16 Länder governments), a Chancellor (Bundeskanzler) and a Federal Constitutional Court (Bundesverfassungsgericht). The Chancellor heads the Federal Government (Bundesregierung), consisting of the Chancellor and the Federal Ministers. The Bundespräsident acts as head of state.

General elections for the Bundestag are generally held every four years on the basis of an electoral system of proportional representation. The last general election was held on September 27, 2009.

A political party is not entitled to party representation in the Bundestag unless it receives at least 5% of the votes cast or three direct mandates in a general election. The Chancellor is elected by and is responsible to the Bundestag.

Political Parties

The political parties currently represented in the Bundestag are the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and its Bavarian sister party, the Christian Social Union (CSU), the Social Democratic Party (SPD), the Free Democratic Party (FDP), the Left-Wing Party (Die Linke., founded in 2007 by the merger of the Left-Wing Party of Democratic Socialism (Linkspartei.PDS) and the party Labor and Social Justice—The Election Alternative (WASG)), and the Greens (Bündnis 90/Die Grünen).

Since 1949, the Federal Republic has been governed by eight Chancellors over 17 electoral periods. The most recent general election, held in September 2009, resulted in a coalition between the Christian Democrats (CDU/CSU) and the Free Democratic Party (FDP), led by Chancellor Ms. Dr Angela Merkel (CDU). Ms. Dr Merkel has been serving as Chancellor since 2005.

Sources: The Federal Returning Officer, Official final result of the 2009 Bundestag election, press release of October 14, 2009

(http://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/en/bundestagswahlen/BTW_BUND_09/presse/75_EndgueltigesErgebnis.html); Growth. Education. Unity. Coalition Agreement between CDU, CSU and FDP (http://www.cdu.de/doc/pdfc/091215-koalitionsvertrag-2009-2013-englisch.pdf).

 

G-2


Table of Contents

The following table shows the results of the five most recent general elections for the Bundestag.

ELECTION RESULTS TO THE GERMAN BUNDESTAG

 

     2009
Elections
     2005
Elections
     2002
Elections
     1998
Elections
     1994
Elections
 
     % of
Votes
     Seats      % of
Votes
     Seats      % of
Votes
     Seats      % of
Votes
     Seats      % of
Votes
     Seats  

CDU/CSU

     33.8         239         35.2         226         38.5         248         35.1         245         41.4         294   

SPD

     23.0         146         34.2         222         38.5         251         40.9         298         36.4         252   

FDP

     14.6         93         9.8         61         7.4         47         6.2         43         6.9         47   

Die Linke.(1)

     11.9         76         8.7         54         4.0         2         5.1         36         4.4         30   

Bündnis 90/Die Grünen

     10.7         68         8.1         51         8.6         55         6.7         47         7.3         49   

Others

     6.0         —           3.9         —           3.0         —           5.9         —           3.6         —     
     

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

 

Total

        622            614            603            669            672   
     

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

 

 

(1) Results for the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) for all elections prior to 2005.

Sources: Statistisches Bundesamt, Statistisches Jahrbuch 2011, Tables 4.3 and 4.6; Statistisches Bundesamt, Statistisches Jahrbuch 2009, Tables 4.3 and 4.6.

International Organizations

In addition to the European Union (“EU”), the Federal Republic is a member of various major multilateral institutions, including the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund (“IMF”), the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Development Association (“World Bank”), the Council of Europe, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (“OECD”), the West European Union (“WEU”), and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (“NATO”). In addition, the Federal Republic is a signatory to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (“GATT”) and a member of the World Trade Organization (“WTO”). It is also a shareholder of, among others, the European Investment Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the European Atomic Energy Community.

The European Union and European Integration

The Federal Republic was a founding member of the European Coal and Steel Community (“ECSC”) in 1951, which later developed into the European Union. Today, the Federal Republic is one of 27 member states of the EU (the “Member States”). On January 1, 2007, Bulgaria and Romania became part of the EU, joining the EU’s previous members Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. According to provisional data, the aggregate population of the Member States was approximately 502 million as of January 1, 2011. The EU is still in the process of enlargement. Croatia has been granted accession country status after a successful Croatian referendum on January 22, 2012 and, pending ratification by the Member States’ parliaments will become the twenty-eighth Member State on July 1, 2013. Formal membership negotiations have been opened with Turkey and Iceland. Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Serbia, and Montenegro have been granted candidate status. Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Kosovo are potential candidates.

Sources: Europa.eu, The history of the European Union (http://europa.eu/about-eu/eu-history/index_en.htm); Europa.eu, 2000-2009: The history of the European Union, Further expansion (http://europa.eu/about-eu/eu-history/2000-2009/index_en.htm); Statistical Office of the European Communities, Total population (http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&language=en&pcode=tps00001&tableSelection=1&footnotes=yes&labeling=labels&plugin=1); Europa.eu, Joint statement of European Commission President Barroso and European Council President Van Rompuy on the outcome of the EU accession referendum in Croatia, press release dated January 22, 2012 (http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/12/29&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en); Europa.eu, Enlargement, The policy, Countries on the road to EU membership (http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/countries/check-current-status/index_en.htm).

Economic Integration

From its inception, the EU has had the fundamental objective, like its predecessors, of economic integration of its Member States. Culminating a long process, a single market that provides for the free movement of goods

 

G-3


Table of Contents

and services, persons and capital among the Member States was established as of January 1, 1993. The integration of the Member States’ economies and the completion of a single market are also promoted by a European competition policy, which aims at creating a level playing field for Member States’ companies, and promoting economic efficiency, and a European consumer policy. In addition, various liberalization and harmonization measures are being implemented, for example in the telecommunication and energy sectors. In the financial sector, the single market has been fostered by providing for the free movement of capital and the freedom to perform banking services throughout the EU under the “single passport,” which enables financial institutions to provide financial services throughout the EU based on a single license obtained in one Member State. Another important policy area for the EU has been agriculture. Subsidies to this sector make up more than 40% of the EU’s budget. The EU also promotes economic integration with regional aid, which is designed to focus development efforts on certain disadvantaged regions and sections of population of the EU.

The financial framework for the enlarged EU for the period from 2007 until 2013 was formally adopted on May 17, 2006, with an Interinstitutional Agreement (“IIA”) signed by the European Parliament (the “Parliament”), the Council of the European Union (the “Council”) and the European Commission. Among other things, the IIA defines maximum amounts for commitment appropriations, which cover commitments made to spend funds over one or more years in certain expenditure categories. Additionally, the IIA defines an annual maximum amount for payment appropriations, which cover payments made to honor the legal commitments entered into during the current financial year and/or earlier financial years. The 2012 EU budget, which was adopted by the Parliament on December 1, 2011, amounts to EUR 147.2 billion in commitment appropriations and EUR 129.1 billion in payment appropriations. The amount of commitment appropriations corresponds to 1.12% of the EU gross national income, while the amount of payment appropriations corresponds to 0.98% of the EU gross national income.

Sources: Europa.eu, What does the EU do? (http://europa.eu/abc/12lessons/lesson_5/index_en.htm); Europe.eu, The single market

(http://europa.eu/abc/12lessons/lesson_6/index_en.htm); European Commission, Banking

(http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/bank/index_en.htm); European Commission, Financial Programming and Budget, Budget in figures, Financial framework 2007-2013 (http://ec.europa.eu/budget/figures/fin_fwk0713/fwk0713_en.cfm#cf07_13); Official Journal of the European Union, Interinstitutional Agreement between the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission on budgetary discipline and sound financial management (2006/C 139/01) (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2006:139:0001:0017:EN:PDF); European Commission, Financial Programming and Budget, Budget in figures, 2012 (http://ec.europa.eu/budget/figures/2012/2012_en.cfm).

Monetary Integration

The Federal Republic is a signatory to and has ratified the Treaty on European Union of February 1992 (also known as the “Maastricht Treaty”). The Maastricht Treaty was the basis for the establishment of the European Economic and Monetary Union (“EMU”). The EMU led, in turn, to the adoption of irrevocable conversion rates between the euro and the national currencies of the initial participating Member States on December 31, 1998 and the introduction of the euro as the single European currency in the “euro area” on January 1, 1999. On January 1, 2002, banknotes and coins denominated in euro were introduced as legal tender to replace the national currencies in the 12 Member States forming the euro area at that time (Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain). Slovenia, Malta, Cyprus, and Slovakia subsequently joined as Member States. In January 2011, Estonia joined as the seventeenth Member State.

The European Central Bank (“ECB”) was established on June 1, 1998, as part of the European System of Central Banks (“ESCB”). According to the Maastricht Treaty, the primary objective of the ESCB is to maintain price stability. Without prejudice to the objective of price stability, the ESCB supports the general economic policies of the EU. See “Monetary and Financial System” for more information on the ECB and ESCB. The Eurosystem, consisting of the ECB and the national central banks of those Member States whose currency is the euro (the “Euro Area Member States”), assumed sole responsibility for the monetary policy in the euro area on January 1, 1999.

Sources: The European Union, Treaty on European Union (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/en/treaties/dat/11992M/htm/11992M.html); The European Central Bank, Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) (http://www.ecb.int/ecb/history/emu/html/index.en.html); The European Central Bank, The first ten years (http://www.ecb.int/ecb/10ann/html/index.en.html).

 

G-4


Table of Contents

EU Economic Governance

In light of the challenges posed by the ongoing economic and financial crisis in certain Euro Area Member States, the Member States have taken a series of measures to strengthen economic and budgetary coordination for the EU as a whole and for the euro area in particular. The process is still ongoing. The enhanced and strengthened EU economic governance framework consists of the following main components.

Stability and Growth Pact. To ensure continuous budgetary discipline in the EMU, the Member States established the Stability and Growth Pact (the “SGP”) in 1996. A package of six new legislative acts (the so-called “six-pack”) entered into force on December 13, 2011. Parts of the six-pack reinforce both the preventive and the corrective arm of the SGP. The preventive arm of the SGP guides Member States towards a country-specific, medium-term budgetary objective, which seeks to ensure the sustainability of public finances. To assess progress towards the medium-term budgetary objective, in addition to the structural budget balance (defined as the cyclically adjusted balance net of one-off and temporary measures), the new rules provide for a new “expenditure benchmark.” This expenditure benchmark places a cap on the annual growth of public expenditure according to a medium-term rate of GDP growth. For Member States that have not yet reached their medium-term budgetary objective, the rate of growth of expenditure should be below this reference rate in order to ensure adequate progress. Under the amended SGP, a significant deviation from the medium-term budgetary objective, or from an appropriate adjustment path towards it, can lead to a financial sanction for Euro Area Member States (an interest-bearing deposit of 0.2% of GDP). A sanction is proposed by the European Commission and adopted by reverse qualified majority voting in the Economic and Finance Affairs Council (the “Ecofin Council”), a mechanism which implies that a recommendation or a proposal of the Commission is considered adopted in the Ecofin Council unless a qualified majority of Member States votes against it, thus ensuring more automatic enforcement.

The corrective arm of the SGP consists of the excessive deficit procedure (“EDP”). The EDP is a mechanism established in the EU treaties requiring Member States to keep their general government deficits equal or below 3% of GDP and general government gross debt equal or below (or on a sufficiently downward trend towards) 60% of GDP. Previously, the implementation of the EDP by EU regulations only provided for an EDP to be triggered on the basis of a deficit in excess of 3% of GDP. The new six-pack gives effect to the debt criterion, so that an EDP may also be launched on the basis of a debt ratio in excess of 60% of GDP. A Member State may become subject to an EDP even if its deficit is equal or below 3% of GDP if the gap between its debt level and the 60% reference is not reduced by 1/20th annually. The EDP provides that the Ecofin Council decides with a qualified majority whether an excessive deficit has been incurred after taking into account all relevant factors that have been agreed upon by Member States as well as the impact of the economic cycle. If it concludes that there is an excessive deficit, the Ecofin Council, based on recommendations by the European Commission, suggests corrective measures aimed at a deficit reduction and then reviews the corrective measures taken by the Member State. Under the amended SGP, financial sanctions for Euro Area Member States are imposed at an earlier stage of the EDP. A non-interest bearing deposit of 0.2% of GDP may be requested from a Euro Area Member State which is placed in an EDP on the basis of its deficit or its debt. Failure of a Euro Area Member State to comply with recommendations for corrective action will result in a fine of 0.2% of GDP. As in the preventive arm of the SGP, these new sanctions will be proposed by the European Commission and adopted by reverse qualified majority voting in the Ecofin Council. Finally, if the Euro Area Member State further fails to take effective action, the sanctions already provided for in the EU treaties can be imposed (as a rule, a fine of up to 0.5% of GDP).

For information on the pending EDP with respect to the Federal Republic, see Public Finance – Germany’s General Government Deficit/Surplus, the General Government Gross Debt and the Excessive Deficit Procedure.”

Sources: European Council, Dublin European Council 13 and 14 December 1996 Presidency Conclusions

(http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=DOC/96/8&format=HTML&ag ed=1&language=EN&guiLanguage=en); Consolidated versions of the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/JOHtml.do?uri=OJ:C:2010:083:SOM:EN:HTML); European Commission, Economic and Financial Affairs, Economic Governance (http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/economic_governance/index_en.htm); European Commission, Economic and Financial Affairs, Economic Governance, Stability and Growth Pact (http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/economic_governance/sgp/index_en.htm); Six-pack? Two-pack? Fiscal compact? A short guide to the new EU fiscal governance (http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/articles/governance/2012-03-14_six_pack_en.htm); EU Economic governance “Six-Packs” enters into force, press release of December 12, 2011 (http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/11/898).

 

G-5


Table of Contents

Macroeconomic Imbalance Procedure. The economic and financial crisis in the euro area demonstrated a need for strengthened surveillance of the economic policies of the Member States beyond the fiscal field. Accordingly, in 2011 the macroeconomic imbalance procedure (“MIP”) was established as part of the six-pack legislation described above. The aim of the MIP is to identify potential risks early on, prevent the emergence of harmful imbalances and correct the existing excessive imbalances. The preventive arm of the process relies on an early warning system that uses a scoreboard of indicators and in-depth country studies. It allows the European Commission and the Council to adopt recommendations to the Member State affected at an early stage. In cases when excessive macroeconomic imbalances have already arisen, there is a corrective arm according to which an excessive imbalance procedure (“EIP”) may be initiated against a Member State by a Council decision with qualified majority. In this case, the Member State concerned will have to submit a corrective action plan which will be monitored by the European Commission on the basis of regular progress reports submitted by such Member State. In addition, a new enforcement regime has been introduced for Euro Area Member States, which, as an ultima ratio, imposes financial sanctions if the Euro Area Member State repeatedly does not comply with its obligations. The Council is to rely on reverse qualified majority voting to take the decisions leading up to sanctions. The financial sanctions may eventually result in a fine up to 0.1% of GDP.

Sources: European Commission, Economic and Financial Affairs, Economic Governance, Macroeconomic Imbalance Procedure (http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/economic_governance/macroeconomic_imbalance_procedure/index_en.htm); EU Economic governance “Six-Pack” enters into force, press release of December 12, 2011 (http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/11/898).

Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the EMU. On March 2, 2012, the Heads of State or Government of all Member States, with the exception of the United Kingdom and the Czech Republic, signed the Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the EMU. This treaty will enter into force once twelve Euro Area Member States have ratified it. Its provisions will be binding for Euro Area Member States, while the other Member States will only be bound if they adopt the euro, unless they declare their intention to be bound by certain provisions of the treaty at an earlier date. The core set of rules aims at further strengthening fiscal discipline within the euro area and is also known as the “fiscal compact.” The Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the EMU is not EU law but an entirely new intergovernmental agreement. Therefore, the fiscal compact will not replace the SGP but be applicable in parallel once it enters into force. The fiscal compact requires contracting parties to ensure convergence towards the country-specific MTO, as defined in the SGP, with an upper limit of a structural deficit of 0.5% of GDP. In the event of a deviation from this rule, an automatic correction mechanism is to be triggered, with escape clauses for exceptional circumstances. These budget rules are to be transposed into national law through provisions of “binding force and permanent character, preferably constitutional” one year after the entry into force of the treaty. If a Member State does not comply with this obligation, the matter will automatically be brought before the EU Court of Justice. The court’s judgment would be binding, and, in the case of non-compliance with the judgment, could be followed up with a penalty of up to 0.1% of GDP, payable to the European Stability Mechanism (“ESM”) in the case of Euro Area Member States. Moreover, the contracting parties agreed that financial assistance will only be granted under the ESM, if the relevant Member State has ratified the Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the EMU by March 1, 2013 and transposed the provisions relating to the balanced budget rule into national law within the time frame set in the fiscal compact. For more information, see “– Response to the European Sovereign Debt Crisis—Treaty on the European Stability Mechanism.” Finally, the fiscal compact includes a commitment by Euro Area Member States to adopt the European Commission’s recommendations in the framework of an EDP unless opposed by a qualified majority. In fact, this commitment extends the use of reverse qualified majority voting to all stages of an EDP, even if this is not provided for in the EU treaties and regulations.

Sources: Six-pack? Two-pack? Fiscal compact? A short guide to the new EU fiscal governance

(http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/articles/governance/2012-03-14_six_pack_en.htm); Fiscal compact signed: Strengthened fiscal discipline and convergence in the euro area, press release of March 2, 2012 (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/128454.pdf); Bundesregierung, Ein Vertrag für mehr Stabilität in der Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion, press release of March 7, 2012 (http://www.bundesregierung.de/Content/DE/Artikel/2012/03/2012-03-07-kabinett-fiskalvertrag.html).

 

G-6


Table of Contents

Response to the European Sovereign Debt Crisis

Temporary Financial Backstop Mechanism. In May 2010, the Council of the European Union and the Member States decided to set up a temporary stability mechanism to preserve the stability of the euro area by providing temporary financial assistance to Euro Area Member States if needed. One part of the mechanism consists of a new community instrument (the European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism, or “EFSM”) of up to EUR 60 billion. In addition, the Euro Area Member States established the European Financial Stability Facility (“EFSF”). This special purpose vehicle has a lending capacity of EUR 440 billion backed by guarantees extended by the Euro Area Member States for the purpose of on-lending to Euro Area Member States in financial difficulties, subject to conditions which are to be negotiated with the European Commission together with the ECB and the IMF and to be approved by the euro area finance ministers. The IMF participates in financing arrangements with up to EUR 250 billion. The EFSF has been operational since August 2010 and commenced refinancing activities at the beginning of 2011 through EFSF SA, a Luxembourg-registered company owned by the Euro Area Member States.

In mid-2011, the Heads of State or Government agreed to increase the EFSF’s guarantee commitments from EUR 440 billion to EUR 780 billion in order to safeguard the intended effective lending capacity of EUR 440 billion and to increase its scope of activity, by announcing additional measures designed to alleviate the Greek debt crisis and the stability of the euro area as a whole. In order to fulfill its mission, the EFSF has since then not only been authorized to provide loans to Euro Area Member States in financial difficulties, but also to intervene in the primary and secondary debt markets, to provide credit lines to non-program countries within the framework of an EFSF precautionary program and to finance recapitalizations of financial institutions through loans to governments including in non-program countries. These amendments to the EFSF Framework entered into force in October 2011.

In November 2011, the economics and finance ministers of the euro area agreed on two models to optimize available resources of the EFSF and adopted corresponding guidelines. Under the first option, the EFSF would provide partial risk protection to newly issued bonds of a Euro Area Member State. It would provide for a fixed credit protection of 20-30% of the principal amount of the sovereign bond. The partial risk protection is to be used primarily under one of the EFSF’s precautionary programs and is designed to increase demand for new issues of Euro Area Member States and lowering funding costs. In early 2012, the European Sovereign Bond Protection Facility was established, implying that the risk protection model has since been operational. The second option aims at the creation of one or more co-investment funds which would allow a combination of public and private funding. A co-investment fund would provide funding for interventions in the primary and secondary debt markets and could, inter alia, be used by Euro Area Member States for bank recapitalizations. A first loss tranche of the fund would be financed by the EFSF. As of May 10, 2012, no co-investment fund has been established.

The Federal Republic has committed guarantees of approximately EUR 211 billion to the EFSF in accordance with its share in the paid-up capital of ECB. Accordingly, the Federal Republic contributes approximately 29% of the guarantees provided by Euro Area Member States, excluding the Euro Area Member States which are receiving financial support (Ireland, Portugal and Greece). As of the end of April 2012, the EFSF had outstanding bonds and bills of approximately EUR 77 billion. The EFSF has been created as a temporary institution (i.e., after June 2013, the EFSF would not enter into any new programs but will continue the management and repayment of any outstanding debt and will cease operations once all outstanding debt has been repaid).

Sources: EFSF FAQ Update as of March 28, 2012 (http://www.efsf.europa.eu/attachments/faq_en.pdf); European Commission, Economic and Financial Affairs, Economic Governance (http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/economic_governance/index_en.htm). EFSF, Investor Relations, Transactions (http://www.efsf.europa.eu/investor_relations/issues/index.htm).

Treaty on the European Stability Mechanism. On February 2, 2012, the Euro Area Member States signed the revised treaty on the ESM. Prior to its entry into force, which is targeted for July 2012 (a year earlier than originally planned), the ESM treaty must be ratified by Euro Area Member States that represent in the aggregate 90% of the total subscriptions in the ESM.

The ESM has been designed as a permanent crisis mechanism that will assume the tasks currently fulfilled by the EFSF and the EFSM and will be established as an intergovernmental organization under public international law. The ESM will have an effective lending capacity of EUR 500 billion backed by total

 

G-7


Table of Contents

subscribed capital of EUR 700 billion. Of this amount, EUR 80 billion will be in the form of paid-in capital provided by the Euro Area Member States and EUR 620 billion in the form of callable capital committed by Euro Area Member States. The contribution of each Euro Area Member State will be based on the paid-in capital for the ECB. On this basis, the Federal Republic’s contribution will amount to approximately 27%. The Federal Republic will contribute paid-in capital in an amount of approximately EUR 22 billion to the ESM. The payment of paid-in shares should be made in five equal installments of 20% of the total amount starting fifteen days after the date of entry into force of the treaty. Two installments are scheduled to be paid in 2012, two more in 2013 and the final tranche in the first half of 2014. This payment schedule implies a payment obligation of approximately EUR 8.7 billion for the Federal Republic in 2012.

The ESM’s purpose will be to provide financial assistance to Euro Area Member States experiencing or threatened by severe financing problems, if such assistance is deemed essential to safeguard financial stability in the euro area as a whole. The ESM will be able to use the range of instruments that has been put in place for the EFSF. In addition to loans to beneficiary Euro Area Member States, it will provide precautionary financial assistance and loans to Euro Area Member States for the recapitalization of financial institutions. It will also be authorized to purchase bonds of beneficiary Euro Area Member States in the primary and secondary markets. Financial support will be provided subject to strict economic policy conditionality. Furthermore, parallel to the Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the EMU, the contracting parties stated in the ESM treaty that as of March 1, 2013, only Euro Area Member States that have ratified the fiscal compact and have implemented the balanced budget rule as specified in the fiscal compact within the agreed time line (one year after entry into force) will be eligible for financial support from the ESM. Financial assistance from the ESM will be activated upon a Euro Area Member State’s request and active participation of the IMF will be sought. The ESM’s rules will provide for case-by-case participation of private sector creditors, consistent with IMF policies. In order to facilitate this process, standardized and identical collective action clauses will be included in the terms and conditions of all new euro area government bonds with a maturity of more than one year, as of January 1, 2013. ESM loans will enjoy preferred creditor status in a similar fashion to those extended by the IMF, while accepting preferred creditor status of the IMF over the ESM, except in the case of countries which were beneficiaries under a European financial assistance program at the signing of the ESM treaty.

In principle, decisions under the ESM will be taken by mutual agreement. However, the ESM treaty provides for an emergency voting rule. In the event that the European Commission and the ECB conclude that an urgent decision related to financial assistance is needed because the financial and economic sustainability of the euro area is threatened, the mutual agreement rule is replaced by a qualified majority of 85%.

Due to the advanced start, the ESM will operate alongside the EFSF for twelve months. These mechanisms will have a joint lending capacity of EUR 700 billion, and until mid-2013 the EFSF may engage in new programs in order to ensure a full fresh lending capacity of EUR 500 billion.

Sources: European Council, Factsheet on the Treaty establishing the European Stability Mechanism, dated February 2, 2012 (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ecofin/127788.pdf); European Council, Treaty establishing the European Stability Mechanism, dated February 2, 2012 (http://www.european-council.europa.eu/media/582311/05-tesm2.en12.pdf); EFSF FAQ Update as of March 28, 2012 (http://www.efsf.europa.eu/attachments/faq_en.pdf); European Council, Statement by the Euro Area Heads of State or Government, dated March 2, 2012 (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/128521.pdf); Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Kabinett beschließt Ratifizierung und Finanzierung des Europäischen Stabilitätsmechanismus (ESM), press release dated March 14, 2012 (http://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/Content/DE/Pressemitteilungen/Finanzpolitik/2012/03/2012-03-14-PM08.html); European Council, Statement of the Eurogroup, dated March 30, 2012 (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_Data/docs/pressdata/en/ecofin/129381.pdf).

Financial Assistance to Euro Area Member States. After Greece had experienced serious difficulties in accessing the financial markets to obtain new borrowings to cover its substantial financing needs in the first months of 2010, the Euro Area Member States concluded that the stability of the euro area as a whole was threatened and agreed to help Greece meet its financing needs. In May 2010, the Euro Area Member States agreed to provide Greece with stability support in the form of pooled bilateral loans of up to EUR 80 billion, parallel to a loan facility provided by the IMF of up to EUR 30 billion. The amounts under the so-called Greek Loan Facility were planned to be disbursed over the period May 2010 through June 2013. The Federal Republic committed to contribute up to approximately EUR 22.3 billion, which was to be extended by KfW on behalf of the Federal Republic. As of December 2011, a total amount of EUR 73 billion has been disbursed, of which

 

G-8


Table of Contents

approximately EUR 53 billion was provided by Euro Area Member States and EUR 20 billion by the IMF. At year-end 2011, KfW had disbursed EUR 15.2 billion under this loan facility. Due to the set up of the second financial support program for Greece described below, no further disbursements are expected to be made by KfW.

In mid-2011, the need for a second financial support program became clear. In July 2011, the Heads of State or Government of the euro area and EU institutions agreed to support a new program for Greece and, together with the IMF and the voluntary contribution of the private sector, fully cover the financing gap. A sufficient majority of private sector creditors accepted the voluntary exchange of Greek debt in early March 2012. Of a total of EUR 205.6 billion in bonds eligible for the exchange offer, approximately EUR 197 billion, or 95.7%, had been exchanged. Accordingly, in mid-March 2012, Euro Area Member States formally approved a second adjustment program for Greece. Under the second program, the EFSF and the IMF have committed the undisbursed amounts of the first program plus an additional EUR 130 billion for the years 2012 to 2014. The EFSF has committed an overall amount of EUR 144.6 billion (including the already committed or disbursed amounts for the involvement of private sector creditors and bank recapitalization) for the years 2012 to 2014, while the IMF has committed to contribute EUR 28 billion over the course of a four-year period.

Sources: European Commission, Economic and Financial Affairs, The EU as a borrower, Greek Loan Facility (http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/eu_borrower/greek_loan_facility/index_en.htm); Council of the European Union, Statement by the heads of state or government of the euro area and EU institutions, dated July 21, 2011 (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/123978.pdf); Bundesfinanzministerium, Griechenland: erfolgreicher Schuldenschnitt, press release of March 9, 2012

(http://www.bundesregierung.de/Content/DE/Artikel/2012/03/2012-03-09-griechenland-schuldenschnitt.html); Statement by Commission Vice-President Olli Rehn on private sector participation in the second Greek programme, dated March 9, 2012 (http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/12/174); Summary for non-specialists, Occasional Papers No. 94/March 2012, The Second Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece, March 2012. (http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/publications/occasional_paper/2012/pdf/ocp94_summary_en.pdf); Statement by the President of the Eurogroup, Jean-Claude Juncker, press release of March 14, 2012 (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_Data/docs/pressdata/en/ecofin/128941.pdf).

The first Euro Area Member State to receive support by the EFSM and EFSF was Ireland. The financial assistance, which was agreed upon in December 2010 and is being provided subject to compliance with the economic adjustment program, consists of financial support of EUR 85 billion, including EUR 22.5 billion to be financed through the EFSM, EUR 17.7 billion through the EFSF, EUR 22.5 billion through the IMF, and EUR 4.8 billion through bilateral loans from the United Kingdom, Denmark and Sweden. The remaining EUR 17.5 billion is being financed by the Irish Treasury cash buffer and investments of the Irish National Pension Reserve Fund. In March 2012, the European Commission announced the completion of the fifth review of the financial assistance program for Ireland. It concluded that program implementation by Ireland remains strong and on track, while some challenges remain. In this context, the disbursement of the next tranche was authorized in March 2012, bringing total EU/IMF funding to Ireland to EUR 47.9 billion since the launch of the program. The financial assistance program is expected to cover financing needs until the second half of 2013, although Ireland intends to re-enter the financial market earlier.

In early April 2011, the Portuguese Republic officially applied for support under the financial support mechanisms. Euro area, EU and IMF financial support is provided for the 2011 to mid-2014 period on the basis of an agreement on an economic adjustment program which was negotiated between the Portuguese authorities and officials from the European Commission, the IMF and the ECB in May 2011. The total financial support to be provided amounts to EUR 78 billion, of which the EU has pledged EUR 52 billion and the IMF’s contribution consists of a three-year loan in an amount equivalent to approximately EUR 26 billion. In February 2012, the European Commission, the ECB and the IMF announced the results of the third review mission. They concluded that Portugal is making good progress towards adjusting its economic imbalances and, provided the authorities continue with strict program implementation, the Euro Area Member States have declared they stand ready to support Portugal until market access is regained. The disbursement of the next tranche, which is expected to be completed by May 2012, will raise total EU/IMF funding to Portugal to around EUR 53 billion. The financial assistance program is expected to cover financing needs through the second half of 2014, with partial capital markets financing planned from the second half of 2013.

 

G-9


Table of Contents

Sources: Council agrees on joint EU-IMF financial assistance package for Ireland, December 7, 2010 (http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/articles/eu_economic_situation/2010-12-01-financial-assistance-ireland_en.htm); European Commission, Economic and Financial Affairs, The EU as a borrower, Ireland (http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/eu_borrower/efsm/ireland/index_en.htm); European Commission, Ireland: European Commission gives green light for €5.8 billion payment following successful completion of fifth review of financial assistance programme, press release dated March 1, 2012 (http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/12/149); European Commission, Economic Adjustment Programme for Ireland – Winter 2011 Review, Occasional Paper 93, March 2012 (http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/publications/occasional_paper/2012/pdf/ocp93_en.pdf); European Commission, Economic and Financial Affairs, The EU as a borrower, Portugal

(http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/eu_borrower/efsm/portugal/index_en.htm); Statement by the EC, ECB, and IMF on the Third Review Mission to Portugal, press release dated February 28, 2012 (http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/12/142); European Commission, The Economic Adjustment Programme for Portugal, Third Review Winter 2011/ 2012 (http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/publications/occasional_paper/2012/pdf/ocp95_en.pdf, page 6).

Political Integration

The EU’s three main institutions are the Council (representing the governments of the Member States), the Parliament (elected by and representing the citizens of the Member States) and the European Commission (the executive body of the EU). In order to ensure that the decision-making process within the EU’s institutions continues to work effectively, the European Convention was formed in 2001. Its goal was to draft a European constitution that would set out the powers and responsibilities of the institutions and the decision-making process, thus enabling the EU to cope with its main challenges in the mid-term future, the enlargement of the EU and the increased involvement of EU citizens, by introducing more direct democratic processes and transparency into the governance of the EU. The European constitution was signed by the Heads of State or Government and the foreign ministers in October 2004; it was required to be ratified by all Member States as a precondition to its entry into force. After the failure of referendums on ratification held in France and the Netherlands, the European Council in June 2005 decided to enter a period of reflection on the process of reforming the EU institutions. In June 2007, the European Council decided to convene an Intergovernmental Conference to draft a new EU treaty. The treaty, which was signed by the Heads of State or Government and the foreign ministers in Lisbon on December 13, 2007 (the “Treaty of Lisbon”), largely reflects the institutional reforms embodied in the constitution, while modifying or leaving out certain controversial topics. It entered into force on December 1, 2009.

Sources: Europa.eu, How does the EU work?, Europe in 12 lessons: Lesson 4 (http://europa.eu/abc/12lessons/lesson_4/index_en.htm); Europa.eu, Institutional Reform of the European Union: Main dates (http://europa.eu/documentation/legislation/institutional_reform/chronology/index_en.htm); Official Journal of the European Union, 2004/C 310/01 (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/JOHtml.do?uri=OJ:C:2004:310:SOM:EN:HTML); European Council, Declaration by the Heads of State or Government of the Member States of the European Union, June 18, 2005

(http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=DOC/05/3&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en); European Council, The Brussels European Council – June 21 and 22, 2007 (http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/other/constitution_european_council_2007_en.htm); Europa.eu, Treaty of Lisbon: The treaty at a glance (http://europa.eu/lisbon_treaty/glance/index_en.htm); Europa.eu, Treaty of Lisbon: News (http://europa.eu/lisbon_treaty/index_en.htm).

Statistical Disclosure Standards of the International Monetary Fund

The Federal Republic currently meets the Special Data Dissemination Standard (“SDDS”) of the IMF relating to coverage, periodicity and timeliness of economic data. Although subscription by member countries to the SDDS is voluntary, it carries a commitment requiring members to observe the standard and to provide certain information to the IMF about their practices in disseminating economic and financial data.

 

G-10


Table of Contents

THE ECONOMY

Overview

Since 1945, the Federal Republic’s economic system has developed into a social market economy, combining the free initiative of the individual with progressive social principles. The Grundgesetz guarantees freedom of private enterprise and private property, provided that these basic rights are not exercised against the public good. The state mainly has a regulatory function in the market economy, setting the general framework of conditions within which market processes take place. State intervention in price setting is limited to a very small number of industries.

Key Economic Figures

The German economy is one of the world’s largest economies. In 2011, the GDP of Germany expressed at current prices was EUR 2,570.8 billion, compared to EUR 2,476.8 billion in 2010, which represents an increase of 3.8%. GDP adjusted for price effects rose by 3.0% compared to 2010 and exceeded the 1991 level by 30.2%. 1991 represents the first full year after German reunification on October 3, 1990. The growth in GDP since 1991 has been largely driven by productivity gains, as price-adjusted GDP per employee has risen by 22.7% since 1991. In calculating price-adjusted GDP, the Federal Statistical Office uses a chain index based on the previous year’s prices. In 2011, GDP per capita at current prices was EUR 31,437, while GDP per employee at current prices was EUR 62,550.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (März 2012), Tables 2.1.1 and 2.1.4.

As in many advanced economies, the services sector of the Federal Republic has become the largest contributor to GDP (in terms of gross value added). In 2011, services accounted for 69.0% of gross value added, measured at current prices compared to 62.5% in 1991. The two most important subsectors were “trade, transport, accommodation and food services,” accounting for 15.2% in 2011, compared to 16.3% in 1991, and “public services, education, health,” accounting for 17.9% of gross value added in 2011, compared to 15.9% in 1991. The production sector (excluding construction) generated 25.6% of gross value added compared to 30.2% in 1991. Construction contributed 4.4% to gross value added in 2011, compared to 6.1% in 1991, and agriculture, forestry and fishing accounted for 1.0% of gross value added in 2011, compared to 1.2% in 1991.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (März 2012), Table 2.2.1.

In 2011, private final consumption expenditure totaled 57.4% of GDP in current prices, gross capital formation amounted to 18.0%, and government final consumption expenditure equaled 19.6%. Exports and imports of goods and services accounted for 50.1% and 45.0% of GDP at current prices, respectively. The trade balance (according to national accounts) thus showed a surplus equal to 5.1% of GDP in 2011.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (März 2012), Table 2.3.1.

In 2011, price-adjusted GDP rose by 3.0% compared to 2010. The GDP adjusted for price and calendar effects increased by 3.1% compared to 2010. Net exports contributed 0.8 percentage points to economic growth in 2011. This was due to an increase in exports by 8.2%, compared to an increase of 13.7% in 2010 and a 13.6% decline in 2009, while imports rose by 7.4% on a price-adjusted basis, compared to an increase of 11.7% in 2010 and a 9.2% decline in 2009. Exports measured at current prices reached EUR 1,289.16 billion and imports stood at EUR 1,157.74 billion. Gross fixed capital formation in machinery and equipment also increased in 2011 by 7.6% compared to a 10.5% increase in 2010 and a 22.8% decline in 2009, in price-adjusted terms, and gross fixed capital formation in construction rose by 5.8%. Final consumption expenditure of general government rose by 1.4% in 2011 upon price adjustment, and final consumption expenditure of households rose by 1.5% on a price-adjusted basis compared to 2010.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (März 2012), Tables 2.3.1, 2.3.2 and 2.3.10.

The rate of registered unemployment (as computed under the “national definition” of the Federal Employment Agency) declined from 7.7% in 2010 to 7.1% in 2011. Based on the internationally comparable method of calculation promulgated by the International Labour Organization (“ILO”), which is referred to as the “ILO definition,” the unemployment rate decreased from 6.8% in 2010 to 5.8% in 2011. For an explanation of the differences between the national definition and the ILO definition, see “– Employment and Labor.” Inflation

 

G-11


Table of Contents

as measured by the percentage increase in the national consumer price index (“CPI”) accelerated from 1.1% in 2010 to 2.3% in 2011. This was mainly due to the increase in prices for energy by 10.0%, in particular fuels, which increased 13.9%. Without energy prices, the index rose by only 1.3%. General government gross debt stood at EUR 2,088.5 billion at year-end 2011, compared to EUR 2,056.7 billion at year-end 2010.

Sources: Bundesagentur für Arbeit, Monatsbericht März 2012, Table 5.1; Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (März 2012), Table 2.1.12; Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 17, Reihe 7 – Februar 2012, Table 1.1 and 1.2; Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht April 2012, Table IX.1.

Due to deteriorating global economic conditions in the second half of 2011 and in the first months of 2012, the German economy is experiencing a slowdown as well. However, domestic demand and employment are expected to strengthen further, and the slowdown is perceived to be of a temporary nature. In particular, private final consumption expenditure is expected to support growth. In its forecast published in April 2012, the Federal Government projected that GDP in Germany will grow by 0.7% in 2012, with private consumption growing by 1.0% (all growth rates are in price-adjusted terms). Exports and imports are expected to increase by 3.0% and 4.0%, respectively, compared to 2011. Capital formation is also expected to support domestic demand. Gross fixed capital formation is projected to grow by 1.9% in 2012, supported by a projected increase in machinery and equipment by 2.6%, while the sub-category construction is predicted to increase by only 1.0%. In 2012, government final consumption expenditure is forecast to increase by 1.1%. The Federal Government expects that employment will equal approximately 41.5 million persons on average in 2012 compared to 41.1 million persons in 2011. The registered unemployment rate (Arbeitslosenquote) is expected to decrease further to 6.7% on average in 2012 (2011: 7.1%), which would constitute the lowest unemployment rate since German reunification.

Source: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, Rösler zur Frühjahrsprojektion: “Die deutsche Wirtschaft kommt wieder in Schwung,” press release of April 25, 2012 (http://www.bmwi.de/BMWi/Navigation/Presse/pressemitteilungen,did=486758.html).

The following table shows selected key economic figures for the Federal Republic for 2007 to 2011.

KEY ECONOMIC FIGURES

 

     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  
     (EUR in billions, unless otherwise indicated)  

GDP – at current prices

     2,570.8         2,476.8         2,374.5         2,473.8         2,428.5   

(change from previous year in %)

     3.8         4.3         -4.0         1.9         5.0   

GDP – price-adjusted, chain-linked index

(2005=100), not adjusted for calendar effects

     109.7         106.5         102.7         108.3         107.1   

(change from previous year in %)

     3.0         3.7         -5.1         1.1         3.3   

GDP – price-adjusted, chain-linked index

(2005=100), adjusted for calendar effects

     109.5         106.3         102.6         108.1         107.3   

(change from previous year in %)

     3.1         3.6         -5.1         0.8         3.4   

Unemployment rate (ILO definition) (in %)(1)

     5.8         6.8         7.4         7.2         8.3   

Rate of inflation (year-to-year change in consumer

price index (CPI) in %)

     2.3         1.1         0.4         2.6         2.3   

Balance of payments – current account

     147.7         150.7         140.6         153.6         180.9   

General government gross debt(2)

     2,088.5         2,056.7         1,766.9         1,649.3         1,582.4   

 

(1) Unemployed persons, available and seeking work.
(2) Definition according to Maastricht Treaty.

Sources: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.2 – 4. Vierteljahr 2011 (February 2012), Tables 1.1 and 1.10; Statistisches Bundesamt, Verbraucherpreise, Verbraucherpreisindex für Deutschland, Veränderungsraten zum Vorjahr in % (https://www.destatis.de/DE/ZahlenFakten/Indikatoren/Konjunkturindikatoren/Basisdaten/VerbraucherpreiseKategorien.html?cms_gtp=145114_list%253D2%2526145110_slot%253D2&https=1); Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht April 2012, Tables IX.1 and XI.2.

 

G-12


Table of Contents

Economic Policy

General

The Federal Government’s foremost economic policy objectives are to further strengthen the forces for economic growth and employment. In addition, the Federal Government seeks to modernize the German economy and German society on every level in order to face successfully the challenges resulting from European integration, globalization and the emergence of a knowledge-based economy. The Federal Government believes that achieving these objectives is also necessary to further improve the Federal Republic’s position as a business location that is able to compete globally for capital, ideas and innovation. The structural reforms contribute to strengthening the potential for growth and enhancing domestic sources of demand while preserving high international competitiveness.

In 2010 and 2011, Germany experienced strong economic growth. While this development was partly attributable to the rebound of the world economy, fiscal policy measures, including the Government’s “stimulus packages,” also played an important role in shielding the real economy from the effects of the global financial and economic crisis. German companies were able to build on their earlier export success and get back on track quickly. Since then, the initial economic stimulus from exports spread to the domestic economy, which has increasingly become the driving force behind Germany’s economic expansion. Accordingly, demand has become increasingly broad-based, strengthening the resilience of Germany’s economy with regard to external risks. The economic rebound has also led to an increase in employment. During the crisis, there were no major job losses despite the drastic decline in industrial output and overall economic activity in 2009. This was a positive exception compared to most other advanced economies. In recent years, employees and employers have agreed moderate wage agreements and thereby made a significant contribution toward improving the competitiveness of German companies. Furthermore, in recent years, Germany has reformed its systems of basic allowances for job-seekers and promoting employment. More efficient job placement services, as well as lower barriers to, and flexible patterns of, employment, have contributed to the overall functioning of the labor market. Collective bargaining agreements have become more flexible. For more information on recent economic developments, see “– Key Economic Figures.”

Sources: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, 2012 Annual Economic Report (http://www.bmwi.de/English/Navigation/Service/publications,did=479718.html); Growth. Education. Unity. Coalition Agreement between CDU, CSU and FDP (http://www.cdu.de/doc/pdfc/091215-koalitionsvertrag-2009-2013-englisch.pdf).

Current Policy Initiatives

Following the economic and financial crisis-related government interventions of 2009 and 2010, the objectives of economic policy shifted during 2011 to restoring the balance between government and markets in order to strengthen domestic growth drivers in the long term and thereby secure future prosperity. To this end, government measures to overcome the crisis have been or will be successively phased out. Because the supply of credit to businesses steadily improved during the economic rebound, it was possible to phase out the credit and guarantee programs at the end of 2010 as planned. Short-time work arrangements proved to have a stabilizing effect on overall employment during the crisis. While the special arrangements for short-time work were initially scheduled to expire at the end of 2010, the Federal Government extended certain favorable regulations with respect to short-time work until March 2012. The bulk of additional investment spending by the Federal Government during the crisis was channeled into a special fund called the Investment and Redemption Fund (Investitions- und Tilgungsfonds). This fund only financed measures through the end of 2011, and has entered the redemption phase in 2012.

The Federal Government has also started the consolidation of public finances, in order to adhere both to the requirements stipulated by the constitutional balanced budget rule (the so-called “debt brake” (Schuldenbremse)), as well as to the European frameworks such as the SGP and the new fiscal compact. For further details on the budget surveillance procedures, see General – The European Union and European Integration – EU Economic Governance.” This process will involve limiting government spending, reducing subsidies, enhancing incentives, and placing a continued priority on funding for education and research. The financial budget targets until 2016 adopted by the Federal Government reflect this shift in fiscal policy. They seek to achieve structural consolidation that strengthens the growth potential and enhances confidence in the stability of the euro. In 2011, the general government deficit was already reduced to 1.0% of GDP, well below the Maastricht-threshold of 3% (for further information on the Federal Republic’s fiscal situation and prospects, see “Public Finance – Germany’s General Government Deficit/Surplus, the General Government Gross Debt and the Excessive Deficit Procedure”).

 

G-13


Table of Contents

Properly functioning financial markets support long-term growth potential. As financial markets have continued to stabilize, the key task is to overcome structural deficiencies (e.g., moral hazard problems) that the crisis exposed in the German and international financial systems. The objective of the Federal Government’s reform agenda is to bolster the resilience of financial institutions and the overall financial system with a number of different measures at both the national and EU level. The Federal Government intends to conclude the ongoing negotiations with respect to the implementation of Basel III at the EU level in a timely manner. Among other things, the Federal Government wants to ensure that the financing of companies, projects and investments is not hampered by its implementation. As a consequence of the developments in the euro area, the Federal Government has reopened the Special Financial Market Stabilization Fund SoFFin (Sonderfonds Finanzmarktstabilisierung) for new applications until the end of 2012.

Demographic changes are expected to have a significant impact on the future German growth potential. Consequently, the Federal Government’s policies are geared toward increasing the labor force participation of women and older people in particular, as well as low-skilled workers and individuals with an immigrant background. To further reduce structural unemployment in Germany, the Federal Government is observing the existing incentive structures and, if necessary, intends to modify them in order to further improve the functioning of the labor market.

Well-trained, highly skilled workers are an important factor for the competitiveness of the German economy. For this reason, the Federal Government adopted the Plan to Secure Specialized Staff (Konzept Fachkräftesicherung) in June 2011. It is committed to improving the quality and breadth of education and training, and to enabling people at every stage of life to participate comprehensively in education and training programs. In order to successfully counteract the impending shortage of skilled workers, the Federal Government primarily intends to harness the untapped potential of its domestic workforce, while also considering measures to attract qualified foreign specialists to Germany. To this end, the Federal Government has passed a bill to reduce the salary threshold, from which onwards foreign specialists enjoy an easier immigration procedure, to an annual salary of EUR 48,000, as compared to EUR 66,000 under the former regulation. For foreign experts in the field of mathematics, informatics, natural sciences, technology, and for foreign physicians the threshold will be reduced even further to EUR 33,000 per year.

In addition, the Federal Government has earmarked another EUR 12 billion for investments in education and research in the current legislative period (i.e., until September 2013) with the objective of enhancing productivity in the medium and long term. In this context, funding to promote key technologies will place a higher priority on finding solutions to urgent social challenges (e.g., climate/energy, health/nutrition, mobility, safety/security and communication). As an efficient transport infrastructure supports economic growth, the Federal Government seeks to maintain and enhance the quality of Germany’s railways, roads and waterways. It has earmarked about EUR 10 billion per year until 2016 for infrastructure investments.

To boost competition, the Federal Government revised the Act against Restraints of Competition (8. Novelle des Gesetzes gegen Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen) to further improve conditions of competition, particularly in the areas of merger control, the abuse of dominant positions, provisions on fines, and procedures governing violations of anti-trust rules. Additional revisions are planned in the area of transport regulation.

In 2010, the Federal Government adopted new guidelines for energy policy through the year 2050. Following the nuclear disaster which affected the Japanese nuclear power plant in Fukushima in March 2011, the Federal Government decided to accelerate the transition to a more sustainable energy set-up (Energiewende). Among other things, this energy concept provides for the shutdown of all nuclear power stations in Germany by 2022 and unites other key energy policy objectives (i.e., energy security, climate protection, economic growth and greater competitiveness) within a single strategy. It sets the long-term target of achieving an 80% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, compared to 1990 levels. To this end, it is intended to increase the production and use of renewable energy sources, making them the primary source of German energy supply. In particular, by 2050, renewable energy is intended to meet 60% of German energy demand and make up for 80% of German electricity generation. Achievement of these energy and climate policy targets will require substantial investments. The development of new technologies, the further expansion of power grids, and the integration of these grids into a European electricity grid as well as striving for the conclusion of a new international climate protection agreement are all integral parts of the energy concept.

Germany’s external economic policy aims to increase the openness of international markets for goods and services, reduce trade barriers, and improve the conditions for cross-border investment. Among other things, this policy includes strengthening international competition through the elimination of unfair trade practices and

 

G-14


Table of Contents

subsidies as well as improving the protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights. For this reason, the Federal Government remains committed to reaching a comprehensive and balanced agreement in the WTO negotiations under the Doha Round. This agreement should also reflect the interests of developing countries. WTO-compatible regional and bilateral free trade agreements between the EU and its trading partners constitute an important complement to multilateral agreements within the framework of the WTO.

For information on government measures to stabilize Germany’s financial system, see Monetary and Financial System – Policy Response to the Global Economic and Financial Crisis – Policy Responses by the Federal Republic.” For information on government budgets, see Public Finance.” For information on the response to the European Sovereign Debt Crisis and the reform of the Stability and Growth Pact, see “General – The European Union and European Integration – Response to the European Sovereign Debt Crisis” and General – The European Union and European Integration – EU Economic Governance.”

Sources: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, 2012 Annual Economic Report (http://www.bmwi.de/English/Navigation/Service/publications,did=479718.html); Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, Jahreswirtschaftsbericht 2011; Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, Jahreswirtschaftsbericht 2010.

Gross Domestic Product

The following tables show the structure of the Federal Republic’s GDP at current prices by use and origin for each of the years indicated along with changes over the respective preceding period.

STRUCTURE OF GDP – USE

 

    2011     2010     2009     2008     2007          2011     2010     2009     2008  
    (EUR in billions)          (change in %)  

Domestic uses

    2,439.4        2,341.4        2,256.0        2,319.6        2,258.5            4.2        3.8        -2.7        2.7   

Final private consumption

    1,474.4        1,423.0        1,387.4        1,387.7        1,356.7            3.6        2.6        -0.0        2.3   

Final government consumption

    502.9        488.8        475.8        452.6        434.0            2.9        2.7        5.1        4.3   

Gross fixed capital formation

    467.7        433.6        409.3        460.7        447.9            7.9        5.9        -11.2        2.9   

Machinery and equipment

    183.5        170.8        155.1        201.4        195.5            7.4        10.1        -23.0        3.0   

Construction

    255.5        235.0        227.1        231.5        225.6            8.7        3.5        -1.9        2.6   

Other products

    28.6        27.8        27.0        27.9        26.7            3.1        2.7        -2.9        4.3   

Changes in inventories(1)

    -5.7        -4.0        -16.5        18.6        19.9            —          —          —          —     

Net exports(1)

    131.4        135.5        118.5        154.2        170.0            —          —          —          —     

Exports

    1,289.2        1,159.8        995.9        1,189.2        1,145.4            11.2        16.5        -16.2        3.8   

Imports

    1,157.7        1,024.4        877.4        1,035.0        975.4            13.0        16.7        -15.2        6.1   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross domestic product

    2,570.8        2,476.8        2,374.5        2,473.8        2,428.5            3.8        4.3        -4.0        1.9   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

       

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) Percentage changes are not presented due to the potentially changing signs of these net positions.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.2 – 4. Vierteljahr 2011 (February 2012), Tables 3.1 and 3.9.

 

G-15


Table of Contents

STRUCTURE OF GDP – ORIGIN

 

     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007            2011      2010      2009      2008  
     (EUR in billions)            (change in %)  

Gross value added of all economic sectors

     2,295.9         2,216.8         2,117.2         2,217.0         2,177.0              3.6         4.7         -4.5         1.8   

Agriculture, forestry and fishing

     21.9         18.7         16.2         20.9         19.0              17.1         15.0         -22.2         10.1   

Production sector (excluding construction)

     588.2         548.1         496.1         574.9         575.2              7.3         10.5         -13.7         -0.1   

Construction

     100.9         96.3         94.8         93.2         88.7              4.8         1.5         1.7         5.1   

Trade, transport, accommodation and food services

     349.8         335.9         322.0         354.3         349.9              4.1         4.3         -9.1         1.3   

Information and communication

     88.8         89.1         91.4         86.9         86.9              -0.2         -2.6         5.2         0.1   

Financial and insurance services

     118.3         117.9         105.5         83.6         90.5              0.4         11.8         26.2         -7.6   

Real estate activities

     266.3         264.1         263.2         266.3         254.7              0.9         0.3         -1.2         4.6   

Business services

     246.2         238.6         231.4         258.4         249.3              3.2         3.1         -10.4         3.7   

Public services, education, health

     412.1         405.0         394.7         378.8         366.4              1.8         2.6         4.2         3.4   

Other services

     103.4         103.4         102.0         99.8         96.6              -0.1         1.4         2.2         3.4   

Taxes on products offset against subsidies on products

     275.0         260.0         257.3         256.8         251.5              5.8         1.0         0.2         2.1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

         

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Gross domestic product

     2,570.8         2,476.8         2,374.5         2,473.8         2,428.5              3.8         4.3         -4.0         1.9   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

         

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.2 – 4. Vierteljahr 2011 (February 2012), Tables 1.13 and 2.1.

Sectors of the Economy

Production Sector

The production sector of the Federal Republic grew rapidly after 1945. The main cause for this development was the transition from a state-controlled economy to a social market economy, in which state intervention is limited to furthering social welfare and creating favorable economic conditions. Following German reunification in 1990, industry in the eastern Länder (i.e., the former German Democratic Republic), has undergone a restructuring process. Today, the German production sector is characterized by a balanced mix of small, medium and large enterprises and is almost entirely privately owned. It is geographically concentrated in the western Länder of Northrhine-Westphalia, Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg. The main segments of the production sector relate to the manufacturing of motor vehicles, machinery and equipment, electrical and optical equipment, basic metals and fabricated metal products, as well as chemicals and chemical products. In 2011, the production sector’s aggregate contribution to gross value added at current prices was 25.6% (excluding construction) and 30.0% (including construction), respectively. Its price-adjusted gross value added (excluding construction) increased by 5.9% year-on-year in 2011 after rising by 9.8% in 2010 and declining by 17.9% in 2009.

Sources: Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnungen der Länder, Reihe 1, Länderergebnisse Band 1 (February 2011), Table 2.3; Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4—2011 (March 2012), Tables 2.2.1, 2.2.2 and 3.2.1.

 

G-16


Table of Contents

The following table shows the output of the production sector in index form using 2005 as the base year for each of the years indicated.

OUTPUT IN THE PRODUCTION SECTOR(1)

(2005 = 100)

 

     2011(2)      2010      2009      2008      2007  

Production sector, total

     112.1         103.9         94.3         111.5         111.6   

Industry(3)

     114.0         104.6         93.7         113.4         113.1   

of which:

              

Intermediate goods(4)

     116.2         107.1         93.3         114.2         114.5   

Capital goods(5)

     116.6         103.7         92.0         116.8         114.9   

Durable goods(6)

     100.2         95.7         87.6         104.0         108.4   

Nondurable goods(7)

     104.4         102.4         100.6         104.4         105.8   

Energy(8)

     86.7         93.6         90.6         95.6         98.2   

Construction(9)

     123.0         108.5         108.2         108.3         108.8   

 

(1) Adjusted for working-day variations.
(2) Provisional figures.
(3) Manufacturing sector, unless assigned to the main grouping energy, plus mining and quarrying.
(4) Including mining and quarrying except energy-producing goods.
(5) Including manufacture of motor vehicles and components.
(6) Consumption goods that have a long-term use, such as furniture.
(7) Consumption goods that have a short-term use, such as food. Including printing and service activities related to printing.
(8) Electricity, gas, steam and hot water supply, mining and quarrying of energy-producing materials, and especially manufacture of refined petroleum products.
(9) Comprises the economic classifications “Site preparation” and “Building of complete constructions or parts thereof; civil engineering.”

Source: Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht März 2012, Table X.2.

Services Sector

As in most other industrialized countries, the services sector, which comprises “trade, transport, accommodation and food services,” “information and communication,” “financial and insurance services,” “real estate activities,” “business services,” “public services, education, health” as well as “other services,” has expanded rapidly in recent years and is currently the largest contributor to gross value added. In 2011, the services sector’s aggregate contribution to gross value added at current prices decreased slightly to 69.0% (after 70.1% in 2010 and only 62.0% in 1991). Within the services sector, “public services, education, health” represented the largest subsector in terms of contribution to total gross value added at current prices, contributing 17.9% in 2011 (after 18.3% in 2010).

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (March 2012), Table 2.2.1.

Employment and Labor

In 2011, the average unemployment rate according to the national definition was 7.1%, compared to 7.7% in 2010. Under the ILO definition, the average unemployment rate was 5.8% in 2011 compared to 6.8% in 2010. Under both definitions, the average unemployment rate in 2011 decreased significantly to the lowest level of unemployment since 1991.

The strong labor market in 2010 and 2011 was attributable to the strong growth performance of the German economy, but also to favorable rules regarding the use of short-time work that the Federal Government adopted as a part of its stimulus packages in 2009. In 2009, among other favorable special regulations, the maximum period of short-time work was temporarily extended from six to 24 months. As of January 1, 2012, the period of entitlement to short-time allowances has been reduced to a maximum of six months. Favorable regulations regarding the reimbursement of employers’ social security contributions remained in effect until the end of March 2012.

The number of persons resident in Germany who were either employed or self-employed in 2011 was approximately 41.0 million, an increase of 1.3% compared to 2010.

 

G-17


Table of Contents

Sources: Bundesagentur für Arbeit, Der Arbeits- und Ausbildungsmarkt in Deutschland: Dezember und das Jahr 2011, Table 10.1 (http://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/Statischer-Content/Arbeitsmarktberichte/Monatsbericht-Arbeits-Ausbildungsmarkt-Deutschland/Monatsberichte/Generische-Publikationen/Monatsbericht-201112.pdf); Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (March 2012), Table 2.1.12; Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, 2012 Annual Economic Report (http://www.bmwi.de/English/Navigation/Service/publications,did=479718.html); Bundesagentur für Arbeit, short-time allowance due to the economic situation (http://www.arbeitsagentur.de/nn_439356/EN/Navigation/zentral/Leistungen/Kurzarbeitergeld/Kurzarbeitergeld-Nav.html).

The following table presents data with respect to employment and unemployment for each of the years indicated. Persons who are participating in programs such as vocational training, job creation plans or early retirement, which are designed to reduce unemployment are not included in the unemployment rates shown below, as they are not treated as unemployed.

EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT

 

     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  

Employed (in thousands) – ILO definition

     41,037         40,506         40,311         40,290         39,791   

Unemployed (in thousands) – ILO definition(1)

     2,505         2,946         3,228         3,136         3,601   

Unemployment rate (in %) – ILO definition

     5.8         6.8         7.4         7.2         8.3   

Unemployed (in thousands) – national definition(2)

     2,976         3,238         3,415         3,258         3,760   

Unemployment rate (in %) – national definition(3)

     7.1         7.7         8.1         7.8         9.0   

 

(1) Unemployed persons, available and seeking work.
(2) Registered unemployed persons, available and seeking work (but including persons working up to 15 hours per week).
(3) As a percentage of the total work force (excluding armed forces).

Sources: Bundesagentur für Arbeit, Der Arbeits- und Ausbildungsmarkt in Deutschland: Dezember und das Jahr 2011, Table 10.1; Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.2 – 4. Vierteljahr 2011 (February 2012), Table 1.10.

Beginning in 1989, the increase in the number of immigrants of German descent from Eastern Europe and the German reunification in 1990 resulted in an accelerated growth of the workforce and contributed, in part, to a subsequent increase in the number of registered unemployed persons. As a result of the fundamental restructuring of the eastern German economy following reunification, a significant number of employees in the eastern Länder lost their jobs. In 2011, under the national definition, the unemployment rate in the eastern Länder was 11.3% (2010: 12.0%), compared to an unemployment rate of 6.0% (2010: 6.6%) in the western Länder.

Source: Bundesagentur für Arbeit, Der Arbeits- und Ausbildungsmarkt in Deutschland: Dezember und das Jahr 2011, Tables 10.2 and 10.3 (http://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/Statischer-Content/Arbeitsmarktberichte/Monatsbericht-Arbeits-Ausbildungsmarkt-Deutschland/Monatsberichte/Generische-Publikationen/Monatsbericht-201112.pdf).

In 2011, gross wages and salaries per employee in Germany increased by 3.3%. Unit labor costs, which had declined by 1.5% in 2010, posted an increase of 1.2% in 2011.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4. -2011(March 2012), Tables 2.17 and 2.20.

The following table shows changes in the annual wage level per employee and unit labor costs per hour worked for each of the years indicated.

WAGE TRENDS AND LABOR COSTS

 

     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  

Gross wages and salaries per employee in EUR

     29,359         28,421         27,830         27,928         27,306   

Change from previous year in %

     3.3         2.1         -0.4         2.3         1.4   

Unit labor costs per hour worked

              

Index (2005=100)

     104.6         103.3         104.8         98.9         96.7   

Change from previous year in %

     1.2         -1.5         6.0         2.3         -1.0   

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.2 – 4. Vierteljahr 2011 (February 2012), Tables 2.17 and 2.20.

 

G-18


Table of Contents

Approximately one-fifth of the German work force consists of members of unions. The German Trade Union Federation (Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund) serves as an umbrella organization for eight such unions. Each member union typically covers employees of an entire industry, regardless of the precise type of work done by those employees (the “one union, one industry” principle). As a result, employers usually deal with only one negotiating partner on the labor side in each specific industry.

The unions and employers of each specific industry enter into collective labor agreements (Tarifverträge) without government intervention. As a practical matter, the collective labor agreements usually apply to all employees of a given industry, regardless of whether or not a particular employee is a member of a union, so long as the employer is a member of the relevant association of employers, which is often the case. Despite their binding character, collective labor agreements usually contain opt-out clauses (Öffnungsklauseln) allowing for company-specific adjustments to be negotiated between the employer and the works council at the specific company. Moreover, there is a range of additional possibilities to deviate from these agreements. Many employers in the eastern Länder are no longer members of employers’ associations, in which case wages are individually negotiated, which often results in wage levels that are lower than those provided for by the Tarifverträge. In recent years, the number of employees in companies that are subject to labor agreements has declined.

Under the Law on Posting Workers (Arbeitnehmer-Entsendegesetz) it is possible to use minimum wage rules at the industry level, but there is no national statutory minimum wage.

Sources: Bundesarbeitsgericht, Pressemitteilungen 9/2010 and 46/2010 (http://juris.bundesarbeitsgericht.de/cgi-bin/rechtsprechung/document.py?Gericht=bag&Art=pm&Datum=2010-1&nr=14041&pos=1&anz=10 and http://juris.bundesarbeitsgericht.de/cgi-bin/rechtsprechung/document.py?Gericht=bag&Art=pm&sid=9bd142e7371d44048521f1d32cee1d31&nr=14436&linked=bes); Sachverständigenrat zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung, Jahresgutachten 2010/2011, Rz. 499-507 (http://www.sachverstaendigenrat-wirtschaft.de/fileadmin/dateiablage/download/gutachten/ga10_ges.pdf); Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, Jahreswirtschaftsbericht 2011, Rz. 115; Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales, Mindestlohn-Gesetze (http://www.bmas.de/DE/Themen/Arbeitsrecht/Mindestlohngesetze/mindestlohngesetze.html).

Social Security Legislation and Social Policy

The comprehensive system of social security legislation and services in effect in the Federal Republic includes health insurance, long-term care insurance, retirement and disability pensions, unemployment benefits, child welfare programs, care for physically and mentally handicapped persons, allowances to orphans and to single persons with dependents, and the provision of general public assistance to needy persons. The majority of the German population is covered by mandatory statutory retirement pensions and health insurance. Most of the hospitals and institutions caring for children and handicapped persons are operated by municipalities, churches and charitable institutions.

These social security programs are mainly funded through social security contributions from employers and employees, and a smaller part is funded through direct contributions by the Federal Republic, the Länder, municipalities and other public institutions. The most important part of the social security system – retirement pensions, health insurance and unemployment insurance – is funded primarily through equal contributions by employers and employees.

The Federal Republic’s statutory retirement insurance system operates on a pay-as-you-go basis, with the contributions from current employers and employees funding payments to current retired persons. Certain persons, including members of certain professions, and civil servants, may either apply for exemption or are automatically exempted from mandatory participation in the statutory retirement pension insurance system. They may instead contribute to private pension schemes or, in the case of civil servants, benefit from special pension schemes for civil servants. The Retirement Funds Act (Altersvermögensgesetz) aims to ensure the long-term viability of the statutory retirement pension insurance system by encouraging insurees to also sign up for designated privately funded or funded corporate pension schemes, for which certain bonus payments and tax incentives are provided, with a view to offsetting the expected decline of payments from the statutory retirement pension insurance.

Statutory health insurance coverage must be made available to all persons fulfilling the applicable eligibility criteria. Within the statutory health insurance system, insurees may choose among a large number of statutory health insurance providers that have developed historically. Persons whose gross income exceeds certain

 

G-19


Table of Contents

thresholds as well as civil servants, self-employed persons and members of certain professions may opt out of the statutory system and choose private health insurance coverage. Contributions to the statutory health insurance system are based solely on the insuree’s income situation and are independent of the insuree’s gender, age and medical risk. By contrast, to date, contributions towards private health insurance coverage are mainly calculated based on the insuree’s gender, age, medical risk and the desired level of coverage.

In 2011, social security revenue, as shown in the national accounts, amounted to EUR 525.9 billion, and expenditure was EUR 510.8 billion. The social security budget thus incurred a surplus of EUR 15.1 billion in 2011, after a surplus of EUR 2.3 billion in 2010.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (March 2012), Table 3.4.3.7.

In light of a changing population structure, the Federal Government has already implemented structural reforms of the statutory pension system in order to safeguard the sustainability of the social security system in the long term. Among the important reforms of the previous government were reforms of the health insurance, making health insurance compulsory and introducing a “health fund” (Gesundheitsfonds) that collects health care contributions based on uniform rates and distributes them – adjusted for differences in the risk structures of the insuree pool – in equal amounts per capita among statutory health insurance providers, as well as reforms of the statutory pension insurance, which gradually raise the regular retirement age by two years to the age of 67 between 2012 and 2029.

Sources: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, 2012 Annual Economic Report (http://www.bmwi.de/English/Navigation/Service/publications,did=479718.html); Growth. Education. Unity. Coalition Agreement between CDU, CSU and FDP, page 121 (http://www.cdu.de/doc/pdfc/091215-koalitionsvertrag-2009-2013-englisch.pdf); Bundesministerium der Gesundheit, Gesundheitsfonds (http://www.bmg.bund.de/Krankenversicherung/finanzierung/gesundheitsfonds.html); Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales, Altersrenten (http://www.bmas.de/DE/Themen/Rente/Gesetzliche-Rentenversicherung/Leistungen/Altersrenten/altersrenten.html); Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales, Fragen und Antworten zur Rente mit 67 (http://www.bmas.de/EN/Our-Topics/Pensions/pensions-from-age-67.html).

International Economic Relations

International economic relations are of major importance to the German economy. In 2011, exports and imports of goods and services amounted to 50.1% and 45.0% of GDP at current prices, respectively. The Federal Republic pursues a liberal foreign trade policy aimed at dismantling tariffs and other barriers to trade.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (March 2012), Table 2.3.1.

Because the Federal Republic’s economy depends on exports, it is particularly vulnerable to trade barriers, such as protective tariffs. The Federal Government thus supports efforts to reduce trade barriers, such as the current negotiations within the framework of the WTO under the Doha Development Agenda.

Source: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, Handelspolitik EU / WTO (http://www.bmwi.de/BMWi/Navigation/Aussenwirtschaft/handelspolitik-eu-wto.html).

Balance of Payments

The Federal Republic typically achieves a surplus in the trading of goods. Traditionally, this surplus has been partially offset by deficits in other fields, such as in services, as well as by remittances by foreign employees to their home countries, the Federal Republic’s net payments to the EU and various other payments. In 2011, the current account surplus totaled EUR 147.7 billion, compared to EUR 150.7 billion in 2010.

Source: Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht März 2012, Table XI.2.

According to data prepared by the Deutsche Bundesbank, applying the annual averages of a broad monthly indicator of Germany’s price competitiveness compared to 56 trading partners based on consumer price indices, Germany’s price competitiveness has been relatively stable since 1999, fluctuating within a range of 7.6% of the average indicator value in the period from 1999 to 2011. In 2011, price competitiveness improved slightly by 0.5%, mainly due to the depreciations of the euro relative to the U.S. dollar. However, the influence of variations in the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate is not overly pronounced as other Euro Area Member States account for a major part of German exports (39.7% in 2011).

 

G-20


Table of Contents

Since the introduction of the euro, the exchange rate against the U.S. dollar has shown high volatility. After appreciating by approximately 85% against the U.S. dollar between June 2001 and July 2008, the euro depreciated considerably relative to the U.S. dollar by approximately 23% between July 2008 and June 2010, breaking a long-term trend of appreciation. In 2011, the euro appreciated by 5% from its 2010 average. In February 2012, however, the euro had depreciated again by 5% from its 2011 average.

Sources: Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht März 2002, Table X.11; Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht März 2009, Table XI.11; Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht März 2011, Table XI. 11; Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht März 2012, Tables XI.3, XI.11 and XI.13; Deutsche Bundesbank, Statistics, Exchange rates, gold prices, Time series BBEE2.M.DE.AAA.XY16.R.AACPE.M00: Indicator of the German economy’s price competitiveness against 56 trading partners, based on consumer price indices (http://www.bundesbank.de/Navigation/EN/Statistics/Time_series_databases/Macro_economic_time_series/its_details_value_node.html?tsId=BBEE2.M.DE.AAA.XY16.R.AACPE.M00&listId=www_s33r_b01113).

The following table shows the Federal Republic’s balance of payments for each of the years indicated.

BALANCE OF PAYMENTS (BALANCES)(1)

 

     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  
     (EUR in millions)  

Current account(2)

              

Foreign trade(3)

     158,087         154,863         138,697         178,297         195,348   

Supplementary trade items

     -18,852         -11,613         -15,052         -13,628         -9,816   

Services(4)

     -6,494         -4,258         -8,049         -10,258         -14,852   

Factor income

     48,415         49,864         58,120         32,379         42,918   

Current transfers

     -33,501         -38,187         -33,158         -33,157         -32,685   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current account

     147,656         150,668         140,558         153,633         180,914   

Capital transfers and purchases/sales of intangible non-produced assets

     641         -586         29         -210         104   

Capital account

              

Total net German investment abroad (increase/capital exports – negative figure)

     -230,661         -408,695         -21,427         -203,251         -693,802   

Total net foreign investment in Germany (increase/capital imports – positive figure)

     68,725         261,256         -134,013         29,341         483,652   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total net capital export(5)

     -161,937         -147,439         -155,440         -173,910         -210,151   

Balance of unclassifiable transactions

     13,640         -2,643         14,853         20,487         29,133   

 

(1) Figures are subject to considerable uncertainty owing to changes in the method of data collection in foreign trade.
(2) Foreign trade and services are recorded on the basis of exports (f.o.b.)/imports (c.i.f.) (i.e., including the freight and insurance costs of imports).
(3) Special trade according to the official foreign trade statistics. Special trade consists principally of goods that are imported into the Federal Republic for use, consumption, adaptation or processing, as well as goods that are produced, manufactured, adapted or processed in the Federal Republic and are exported. (Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Statistisches Jahrbuch 2011, page 464).
(4) Excluding the freight and insurance costs included in the c.i.f. import value.
(5) Including change of currency reserves.

Source: Deutsche Bundesbank, Statistisches Beiheft 3 zum Monatsbericht März 2012, Zahlungsbilanzstatistik, Tables I.1 and I.9.a.

 

G-21


Table of Contents

Balance of Trade

The following tables show information relating to foreign trade of the Federal Republic for each of the years indicated.

FOREIGN TRADE OF GOODS

 

      2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  
     (EUR in millions)  

Exports of goods (f.o.b.)

     1,060,037         951,959         803,312         984,140         965,236   

Imports of goods (c.i.f.)

     901,950         797,097         664,615         805,842         769,887   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Trade surplus

     158,087         154,863         138,697         178,297         195,348   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Source: Deutsche Bundesbank, Statistisches Beiheft 3 zum Monatsbericht März 2012, Zahlungsbilanzstatistik, Table I.1.

The Federal Republic’s principal export goods are machinery of all kinds, motor vehicles and chemical products.

The principal import goods are computer, electronic and optical products, motor vehicles, crude petroleum and natural gas. The Federal Republic has relatively few resources of industrial raw materials. As a result, it largely depends on imports to satisfy its demand for raw materials. This dependence on foreign supplies is particularly significant in the case of metals such as copper, bauxite, manganese, titanium, rock phosphate, tungsten and tin. The Federal Republic currently imports nearly two-thirds of its energy requirements, including virtually all of its oil and a significant portion of its natural gas requirements as well as all enriched uranium needed for nuclear energy.

 

G-22


Table of Contents

COMPOSITION OF EXPORTED AND IMPORTED GOODS

 

     2011(1)  
      Imports      Exports  
     (Percent of total)  

Products of agriculture and hunting

     2.9         0.8   

Products of forestry

     0.1         0.0   

Fish and products of fishing

     0.1         0.0   

Coal and lignite

     0.5         0.0   

Crude petroleum and natural gas

     9.1         0.6   

Metal ores

     1.0         0.0   

Other mining and quarrying products

     0.2         0.1   

Food products

     4.2         4.0   

Beverages

     0.6         0.4   

Tobacco products

     0.1         0.3   

Textiles

     1.1         1.0   

Wearing apparel

     3.0         1.3   

Leather and related products

     1.0         0.5   

Wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; articles of straw and plaiting materials

     0.6         0.6   

Paper and paper products

     1.6         1.8   

Coke and refined petroleum products

     3.3         1.3   

Chemicals and chemical products

     7.9         9.5   

Basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations

     4.3         4.8   

Rubber and plastic products

     2.8         3.5   

Other non-metallic mineral products

     1.0         1.2   

Basic metals

     6.8         5.7   

Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

     2.5         3.4   

Computer, electronic and optical products

     9.9         8.0   

Electrical equipment

     4.7         6.2   

Machinery and equipment not elsewhere classified.

     7.8         15.2   

Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

     9.0         17.4   

Other transport equipment

     4.0         3.9   

Furniture

     1.0         0.8   

Energy

     0.3         0.3   

Other goods

     8.7         7.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     100.0         100.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Preliminary data.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 7, Reihe 1 – December 2011 (March 2011), Tables 5.1 and 5.2.

 

G-23


Table of Contents

FOREIGN TRADE (SPECIAL TRADE) BY GROUPS OF COUNTRIES AND COUNTRIES(1)

 

     2011      2010      2009  
     (EUR in millions)  

Exports to:

        

Total

     1,060,037         951,959         803,312   

of which:

        

France

     101,555         89,582         81,304   

United States

     73,694         65,574         54,356   

The Netherlands

     69,312         62,978         53,195   

United Kingdom

     65,334         58,666         53,240   

China(2)

     64,762         53,791         37,273   

Italy

     62,122         58,589         50,620   

Austria

     57,868         52,156         46,093   

Belgium/Luxembourg

     53,260         50,545         46,262   

Switzerland

     47,708         41,659         35,510   

Southeast Asia(3)

     41,532         38,183         28,606   

Spain

     34,868         34,222         31,281   

Japan

     15,118         13,149         10,875   

Imports from:

        

Total

     901,950         797,097         664,615   

of which:

        

The Netherlands

     82,163         67,205         55,583   

China(2)

     79,168         77,270         56,706   

France

     66,464         60,673         53,338   

Italy

     48,316         41,977         37,197   

United States

     48,289         45,241         39,283   

United Kingdom

     44,898         37,923         32,452   

Belgium/Luxembourg

     41,282         36,026         30,694   

Southeast Asia(3)

     38,994         39,562         28,338   

Austria

     37,700         33,013         27,565   

Switzerland

     36,863         32,507         28,096   

Japan

     23,545         22,475         18,946   

Spain

     22,521         21,955         18,959   

 

(1) Exports (f.o.b.) by country of destination, imports (c.i.f.) by country of origin. Special trade consists mainly of goods that are imported into the Federal Republic for use, consumption, adaptation or processing, as well as goods that are produced, manufactured, adapted or processed in the Federal Republic and subsequently exported. (Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Statistisches Jahrbuch 2011, page 464).
(2) Excludes Hong Kong.
(3) Includes Brunei Darussalam, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan and Thailand.

Source: Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht März 2012, Table XI.3.

 

G-24


Table of Contents

MONETARY AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM

The European System of Central Banks and the Eurosystem

The ESCB comprises the ECB and the national central banks of the Member States of the EU, while the Eurosystem consists of the ECB and the national central banks of the Euro Area Member States.

The Eurosystem is responsible for the single monetary policy for the euro area. Its decision-making bodies are the Governing Council and the Executive Board of the ECB. The national central banks of the Member States that are not part of the Eurosystem are represented in the General Council of the ECB, but have no voting right in the decision-making process, particularly with respect to monetary policy. The ESCB’s primary objective is to maintain price stability. Without prejudice to the objective of price stability the ESCB supports the general economic policies of the EU.

The Deutsche Bundesbank – Germany’s national central bank within the ESCB – has the responsibility of implementing the single monetary policy in Germany and continues to perform various other tasks, including acting as the Federal Government’s fiscal agent and playing an important role in banking and financial market supervision, as further described below under the caption “– Financial System.”

Sources: European Central Bank, Annual Report 2004, pages 162-168 (http://www.ecb.eu/pub/pdf/annrep/ar2004en.pdf); Deutsche Bundesbank, Tasks and organisation (http://www.bundesbank.de/aufgaben/aufgaben.en.php).

Monetary Policy Instruments of the ESCB

To achieve its operational goals, the ESCB conducts open market operations, offers standing facilities and requires credit institutions to maintain minimum reserves in accounts with the ESCB. Open market operations play an important role in the ESCB’s monetary policy for the purposes of steering interest rates and managing the liquidity situation in the market. Available open market operations are reverse transactions, outright transactions, the issuance of debt certificates or foreign exchange swaps, and the collection of fixed-term deposits. Standing facilities are designed to provide or absorb overnight liquidity and the imposition of minimum reserve requirements allows the ESCB to stabilize money market interest rates, create (or enlarge) a structural liquidity shortage and possibly contribute to the control of monetary expansion. The ESCB has employed a variety of policy instruments in response to the global economic and financial crisis and the European sovereign debt crisis. For further information, see “– Policy Response to the Global Economic and Financial Crisis – Policy Responses at the EU Level.”

Source: European Central Bank, Implementation of Monetary Policy in the Euro Area, September 2006, pages 7-9 (http://www.ecb.int/pub/pdf/other/gendoc2006en.pdf).

Monetary Policy Strategy and Prices

The ECB’s primary goal is to maintain medium-term price stability, which is defined as a year-on-year increase in the harmonized index of consumer prices for the euro area of less than 2%. However, the ECB has clarified that, within this definition, it aims at an inflation rate close to 2%. This goal indicates the commitment to provide an adequate margin to avoid the risk of deflation. The stability-oriented monetary policy strategy of the Eurosystem used by the ECB to achieve this goal is based on two pillars: (1) analysis and assessment of short- to medium-term risks to price stability (economic analysis); and (2) assessment of medium- to long-term monetary developments (monetary analysis).

Sources: European Central Bank, Monthly Bulletin, January 1999, pages 45-50 (http://www.ecb.eu/pub/pdf/mobu/mb199901en.pdf); European Central Bank, The Monetary Policy of the ECB, 2004, page 50ff. (http://www.ecb.int/pub/pdf/other/monetarypolicy2004en.pdf).

 

G-25


Table of Contents

The following table shows price trends in Germany for the periods indicated.

PRICE TRENDS

 

    2011     2010     2009     2008     2007  
    (change from previous year in %)  

Harmonized index of consumer prices (HICP)

    2.5        1.1        0.2        2.8        2.3   

Consumer price index (CPI)

    2.3        1.1        0.4        2.6        2.3   

Index of producer prices of industrial products sold on the domestic market(1)

    5.7        1.6        -4.2        5.5        1.3   

 

(1) Excluding value-added tax.

Sources: Statistisches Bundesamt, Verbraucherpreise, Harmonisierter Verbraucherpreisindex, Veränderungsraten zum Vorjahr in % (https://www.destatis.de/DE/ZahlenFakten/Indikatoren/Konjunkturindikatoren/Basisdaten/HarmonisierterVerbraucherpreisindex.html?cms_gtp=146602_list%253D2%2526146598_slot%253D2&https=1); Statistisches Bundesamt, Verbraucherpreise, Verbraucherpreisindex für Deutschland, Veränderungsraten zum Vorjahr in % (https://www.destatis.de/DE/ZahlenFakten/Indikatoren/Konjunkturindikatoren/Basisdaten/VerbraucherpreiseKategorien.html?cms_gtp=145114_list%253D2%2526145110_slot%253D2&https=1); Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht Februar 2012, Table X.7.

Official Foreign Exchange Reserves

The following table shows the breakdown of the Federal Republic’s official foreign exchange reserves as of the end of the years indicated.

OFFICIAL FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC(1)

 

     As of December 31  
     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  
     (EUR in millions)  

Gold

     132,874         115,403         83,939         68,194         62,433   

Foreign currency balances

     29,433         27,957         25,634         27,705         27,694   

Reserve position in the IMF and special drawing rights

     22,296         18,740         15,969         3,285         2,418   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     184,603         162,100         125,541         99,185         92,545   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) External position of the Deutsche Bundesbank in the EMU. Assets and liabilities vis-à-vis all EMU member countries and non-EMU member countries.

Source: Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht Februar 2012, Table XI.9.

The Federal Republic’s foreign reserve assets are managed by the Deutsche Bundesbank. The Euro Area Member States have transferred foreign reserve assets in an aggregate amount equivalent to approximately EUR 40.3 billion to the ECB, consisting of foreign currency reserves and gold. The ECB manages the foreign reserve assets transferred to it. The foreign reserve assets not transferred to the ECB continue to be held and managed by the national central banks of the Euro Area Member States. In order to ensure consistency within the single monetary and foreign exchange policies of the EMU, the ECB monitors and coordinates market transactions conducted with those assets.

Sources: European Central Bank, Annual Report 1998, page 74 (http://www.ecb.int/pub/pdf/annrep/ar1998en.pdf); European Central Bank, Annual Report 2011, p.173 (http://www.ecb.eu/pub/pdf/annrep/ar2011en.pdf).

 

G-26


Table of Contents

External Positions of Banks

The following table shows the external assets and liabilities of the Deutsche Bundesbank and the banks (monetary financial institutions) of the Federal Republic as of the end of each of the years indicated.

EXTERNAL FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES BY SECTOR

 

     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  
     (EUR in billions)  

Deutsche Bundesbank

              

Assets

     714.7         524.7         323.3         230.8         179.5   

Liabilities

     46.6         14.6         9.1         30.2         16.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net position

     668.1         510.1         314.2         200.6         163.5   

of which: within Eurosystem(1)

     475.9         337.9         189.9         128.7         84.1   

Banks

              

Loans to foreign banks

     1,117.6         1,154.1         1,277.4         1,446.6         1,433.5   

Loans to foreign non-banks

     744.4         773.8         815.7         908.4         908.3   

Loans from foreign banks

     655.7         741.7         652.6         703.3         738.9   

Loans from foreign non-banks

     224.4         226.5         216.3         286.1         303.1   

 

(1) Consists mainly of claims from the interbank payment system for the real-time processing of cross-border transfers throughout the EMU (TARGET2).

Source: Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht Februar 2012, Tables IV.4 and XI.9.

Foreign Exchange Rates and Controls

The euro is a freely convertible currency. Since its introduction in 1999, the euro has become the second most widely used currency internationally. Currency transactions do not require licenses or other permissions. Capital market transactions are not subject to any license or similar requirements. Gold may be imported and exported freely, subject only to the levy of VAT on some transactions.

The following table shows the annual average exchange rates for selected currencies in relation to the euro for the years indicated.

ANNUAL AVERAGE EXCHANGE RATES OF THE EURO(1)

 

     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  

U.S. dollars per euro

     1.3920         1.3257         1.3948         1.4708         1.3705   

Pound sterling per euro

     0.86788         0.85784         0.89094         0.79628         0.68434   

Japanese yen per euro

     110.96         116.24         130.34         152.45         161.25   

Swiss franc per euro

     1.2326         1.3803         1.5100         1.5874         1.6427   

Chinese yuan per euro

     8.9960         8.9812         9.5277         10.2236         10.4178   

 

(1) Calculated from daily values.

Source: Deutsche Bundesbank, Monthly Report February 2012, Table XI.11.

Financial System

As of January 31, 2012, 1,899 monetary financial institutions in Germany reported an aggregate balance sheet total of EUR 8,589.2 billion to the Deutsche Bundesbank. According to the Deutsche Bundesbank’s classification, these institutions included 282 commercial banks (with an aggregate balance sheet total of EUR 3,293.6 billion), 426 savings banks (with an aggregate balance sheet total of EUR 1,088.0 billion) and their ten regional institutions (including nine Landesbanken and Deka-Bank Deutsche Girozentrale, the central asset managing institution of the German savings banks and Landesbanken, with an aggregate balance sheet total of EUR 1,434.1 billion), 17 special-purpose credit institutions (including KfW, KfW IPEX-Bank and promotional banks of the federal states (Landesförderinstitute) with an aggregate balance sheet total of EUR 965.5 billion), 1,121 credit cooperatives (with an aggregate balance sheet total of EUR 725.1 billion) and their two central

 

G-27


Table of Contents

institutions (with an aggregate balance sheet total of EUR 292.2 billion), 18 mortgage banks (with an aggregate balance sheet total of EUR 592.6 billion) and 23 building and loan associations (with an aggregate balance sheet total of EUR 198.2 billion). Also included in this classification are the 150 subsidiaries and branches of foreign banks located in the Federal Republic, with an aggregate balance sheet total of EUR 1,036.1 billion.

Sources: Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht März 2012, Table IV.2; Deutsche Bundesbank, Statistik der Banken und sonstigen Finanzinstitute, Richtlinien und Kundensystematik, Januar 2012, Statistische Sonderveröffentlichung 1, 638 – 652 (http://www.bundesbank.de/download/statistik/stat_sonder/statso1_14verzeich.pdf).

The KWG regulates all banks except for the Deutsche Bundesbank and KfW (although it may regulate subsidiaries of KfW). German commercial banking institutions operate as “universal” banks and are not restricted by law or otherwise from offering a complete range of diverse financial services.

The Financial Supervisory Authority (Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht, or “BaFin”) is responsible for the integrated supervision of financial services. Its primary objective is to guarantee the proper functioning, stability and integrity of the German financial system. The BaFin operates exclusively in the public interest. It seeks to ensure the ability of banks, financial services institutions and insurance companies to meet their payment obligations (solvency supervision), and it also enforces standards of professional conduct aimed at preserving investors’ trust in the financial markets (market supervision). In addition, the BaFin has an investor protection role in that it seeks to prevent unauthorized financial business from being carried out. The Deutsche Bundesbank is closely involved in the ongoing supervision of the banking sector by the BaFin and has been assigned most of the ongoing operational tasks in banking supervision. The BaFin is supervised by the Federal Ministry of Finance.

Sources: Bundesministerium der Justiz, Gesetz über das Kreditwesen (http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/kredwg/index.html); Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht, BaFin, Functions & history (http://www.bafin.de/EN/BaFin/FunctionsHistory/functionshistory_node.html); Deutsche Bundesbank and Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht, Joint press release of November 4, 2002 (http://www.bundesbank.de/Redaktion/DE/Downloads/Presse/Pressenotizen/2002/2002_11_04_zusammenarbeit_bafin.pdf?__blob=publicationFile); Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht, Aufsichtsrichtlinie – Richtlinie zur Durchführung und Qualitätssicherung der laufenden Überwachung der Kredit- und Finanzdienstleistungsinstitute durch die Deutsche Bundesbank (AufsichtsRL), February 21, 2008 (http://www.bafin.de/SharedDocs/Aufsichtsrecht/DE/Richtlinie/rl_080221_aufsichtsrichtlinie.html).

The new European system of financial supervisors became operational on January 1, 2011. It consists of a European Systemic Risk Board (the “ESRB”), which provides macro-prudential oversight of the financial system. The ESRB’s role is to monitor and assess potential risks to the stability of the financial system. If necessary, it will issue risk warnings and recommendations for remedial action and will monitor their implementation. The ESRB is chaired by the President of the ECB for an initial term of five years.

In addition three new supervisory authorities at the micro-financial level have been established:

 

   

the European Banking Authority, or “EBA”;

 

   

the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority, or “EIOPA”; and

 

   

the European Securities and Markets Authority, or “ESMA.”

The three European Supervisory Authorities (the “ESAs”) replace the previous three committees of supervisors at the EU level (the Committee of European Securities Regulators, the Committee of European Banking Supervisors and the Committee of European Insurance and Occupational Pensions). The ESAs work in tandem with the supervisory authorities of the Member States. National authorities remain responsible for the day-to-day supervision of individual firms, whereas the ESAs will be responsible for ensuring that a single set of harmonized rules and consistent supervisory practices are applied by supervisory authorities of the Member States. The ESAs have, for example, the power to settle disputes among national financial supervisors by imposing legally binding mediation and to impose temporary bans on risky financial products or activities.

Source: European Commission, Financial Supervision (http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/finances/committees/index_en.htm).

 

G-28


Table of Contents

In response to the global economic and financial crisis, regulatory authorities and central banks launched a comprehensive regulatory reform program. Consultative proposals for a new liquidity and capital framework were published in December 2009 by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. In July 2010, the Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision, the oversight body of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, reached a broad agreement on the overall design of a capital and liquidity reform package. Further agreement on specific higher minimum capital standards and new liquidity standards was reached by the Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision in September 2010. In December 2010, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision launched a package of new standards on bank capital adequacy and liquidity to enhance the banking regulatory framework. The capital and liquidity reform package, typically referred to as Basel III, will be phased in between 2013 and 2019. As of the beginning of May 2012, translation of these rules into European and national law is still ongoing.

Sources: Bank for International Settlements, Consultative proposals to strengthen the resilience of the banking sector announced by the Basel Committee, press release of December 17, 2009 (http://www.bis.org/press/p091217.htm); Bank for International Settlements, The Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision reach broad agreement on Basel Committee capital and liquidity reform package, press release of July 26, 2010 (http://www.bis.org/press/p100726.htm); Bank for International Settlements, Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision announces higher global minimum capital standards, press release of September 12, 2010 (http://www.bis.org/press/p100912.pdf).

Securities Market

The Federal Republic’s securities market is among Europe’s largest. Trading in listed securities is not legally or otherwise confined to the stock exchanges. It is estimated, however, that most transactions in equity securities are executed through stock exchanges. By contrast, debt securities, although typically listed, are predominantly traded over-the-counter.

Highly developed secondary markets, combined with the distribution capabilities of an extensive network of financial institutions, provide the basis for the Federal Republic’s position in the world’s capital markets. Equity and debt issues are generally underwritten and distributed through banking syndicates, which typically include commercial banks as well as certain regional and specialized institutions. The official securities markets of Berlin, Dusseldorf, Frankfurt am Main, Hamburg, Hanover, Munich and Stuttgart, the futures and options exchange Eurex Deutschland and the European Energy Exchange are recognized as regulated markets of the EU according to Article 47 of Directive 2004/39/EC on Markets in Financial Instruments and comply with globally accepted regulatory standards.

Based on total turnover on German securities exchanges, the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, operated by Deutsche Börse AG, is by far the most important stock exchange in the Federal Republic.

Policy Responses to the Global Economic and Financial Crisis

Policy Responses by the Federal Republic

Two liquidation sub-agencies (Abwicklungsanstalten) for troubled German banks were established within the framework set out by the German Further Stabilization of the Financial Market Act (Finanzmarkstabilisierungsergänzungsgesetz), which was introduced in April 2009. The first liquidation sub-agency, Erste Abwicklungsanstalt, was established in December 2009 to liquidate a portfolio of EUR 77.5 billion assumed from WestLB. As of December 31, 2011, its portfolio had been reduced to EUR 51.0 billion. The second liquidation sub-agency, FMS-WM, assumed a portfolio of EUR 175.7 billion from Hypo Real Estate Group in October 2010 to support restructuring efforts. As of June 30, 2011, its portfolio was reduced to EUR 160.5 billion.

Sources: Erste Abwicklungsanstalt, Geschäftsbericht 2009/2010 (https://www.aa1.de/fileadmin/aa1-website/content/downloads/Geschaeftsbericht_2009-2010.pdf); Erste Abwicklungsanstalt, Geschäftsbericht 2011, page 59 (https://www.aa1.de/fileadmin/aa1-website/content/downloads/EAA_Geschaeftsbericht_2011.pdf); FMS-WM, FMS Wertmanagement verzeichnet Fortschritte beim Abbau des Portfolios, press release dated October 18, 2011 (http://www.fms-wm.de/de/presse/105-fms-wertmanagement-verzeichnet-fortschritte-beim-abbau-des-portfolios); FMS Wertmanagement, FMS Wertmanagement expands Executive Board, press release dated February 27, 2012 (http://www.fms-wm.de/en/press/203-fms-wertmanagement-expands-executive-board).

 

G-29


Table of Contents

The Restructuring Act, enacted in December 2010, has established new regulations for the restructuring and liquidation of banks. It provides for the establishment of a restructuring fund (Restrukturierungsfonds) to finance the measures that will be undertaken in restructuring proceedings that come within its ambit. The fund is financed by contributions of credit institutions (Bankenabgabe), thus ensuring that the financial sector participates in the costs of any future financial crisis. Promotional or development banks (such as KfW) are not required to contribute to the fund. The restructuring fund is managed by the Federal Institute for Market Stabilization (Bundesanstalt für Finanzmarktstabilisierung), which is also responsible for collecting the contributions of the credit institutions to the fund and for implementing the measures in restructuring proceedings under the Restructuring Act. Details of the implementation of the Bankenabgabe have been formalized in a restructuring fund regulation (Restrukturierungsfondsverordnung). The first payments were made in 2011.

Sources: Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Systemische Risiken im Finanzsektor wirksam begrenzen – Bundesregierung beschließt Restrukturierungsgesetz, press release of August 25, 2010 (http://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/Content/DE/Pressemitteilungen/Finanzpolitik/2010/08/2010-08-25-PM32.html); Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Wirtschaft und Verwaltung, Was macht die Bundesanstalt für Finanzmarktstabilisierung? Neue Aufgaben der FMSA zur Stabilisierung des Finanzsektors, September 20, 2010 (http://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/Content/DE/Standardartikel/Themen/Internationales_Finanzmarkt/Finanzmarktpolitik/Bankenabgabe/2010-09-17-FMSA.html); Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Bundeskabinett beschließt Restrukturierungsfonds-Verordnung, press release dated July 20, 2011 (http://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/Content/DE/Standardartikel/Themen/Internationales_Finanzmarkt/Finanzmarktpolitik/2011-07-20-restrukturierungsfonds-verordnung.html).

In March 2012, the second Financial Market Stabilization Act entered into force. Under this act, the Special Financial Market Stabilization Fund (“SoFFin”) has been reactivated for a period ending on December 31, 2012. According to this act, SoFFin is ready to extend guarantees up to a total amount of EUR 400 billion for a period of five years to stabilize German banks, if required. In addition, SoFFin is authorized to incur loans in a total amount of up to EUR 80 billion. This act also extends the previous model, which provided for the granting of guarantees with respect to structured securities that have been transferred to special purpose entities, to securities more generally. With respect to the KWG, this act authorizes the BaFin until the end of 2012 to require financial institutions to comply with more stringent capital requirements than are currently applicable. As of May 1, 2012, the outstanding stabilization measures provided by the SoFFin amounted to EUR 31.0 billion.

Sources: Bundesregierung, Für Vertrauen auf dem Finanzmarkt, press release of January 26, 2012 (http://www.bundesregierung.de/Content/DE/Artikel/2011/12/2011-12-14-finanzmarktstabilisierung.html); Die Beschlüsse des Bundestages am 26. und 27. Januar, publication of January 27, 2012 (http://www.bundestag.de/dokumente/textarchiv/2012/37536609_kw04_angenommen_abgelehnt/index.html); FMSA Bundesanstalt für Finanzmarktstabilisierung (http://www.fmsa.de/de/fmsa/soffin/instrumente/massnahmen-aktuell/; accessed on May 3, 2012).

Policy Responses at the EU Level

In mid-December 2010, the ECB decided to increase its subscribed capital by EUR 5 billion, from EUR 5.76 billion to EUR 10.76 billion, with effect from December 29, 2010. The national central banks of the euro area must pay their additional capital contributions in three equal annual installments, starting in December 2010. The overall additional capital contribution of Deutsche Bundesbank will amount to EUR 946.9 million. The share of Deutsche Bundesbank in ECB’s subscribed capital will remain unchanged. The capital increase was deemed appropriate in view of increased volatility in foreign exchange rates, interest rates and gold prices as well as credit risk.

Source: European Central Bank, ECB increases its capital, press release of December 16, 2010 (http://www.ecb.int/press/pr/date/2010/html/pr101216_2.en.html).

The Heads of State or Government of the Euro Area Member States, in light of continued tensions in the financial markets, in October 2011, agreed on a set of measures to restore confidence in the financial markets, among others, a comprehensive set of measures to raise confidence in the banking sector. The measures include facilitating access to term-funding through a coordinated approach at EU level involving state guarantees, and increasing the capital position of banks to 9% of Core Tier 1 capital by the end of June 2012. National supervisors must ensure that banks’ recapitalization plans do not lead to excessive deleveraging, in order to safeguard the flow of credit to the real economy, which is essential for growth prospects.

 

G-30


Table of Contents

Sources: European Council, Euro Summit Statement, dated October 26, 2011 (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_Data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/125644.pdf); European Council, Main results of Euro Summit, dated October 26, 2011 (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_Data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/125645.pdf); European Council, Remarks by President Van Rompuy following the meeting of the Euro Summit (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_Data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/125646.pdf); Bundesregierung, Euro-Gipfel, für Schuldenschnitt und stärkeren Rettungsschirm, press release dated October 27, 2011 (http://www.bundesregierung.de/Webs/Breg/DE/Themen/Euro/GriechenlandHilfe/eu_rat_2/_node.html); Bundesregierung, Stabiler Euro geht vor, press release of November 3, 2011 (http://www.bundesregierung.de/nn_1264/Content/DE/Artikel/2011/11/2011-11-03-merkel-sakozy-griechenland.html).

In December 2011, EBA published the final results of its bank recapitalization exercise which was part of co-ordinated measures to restore confidence in the banking sector. The formal recommendation adopted by the EBA’s board of supervisors states that national supervisory authorities should require the banks included in the sample to strengthen their capital positions by building up an exceptional and temporary capital buffer against sovereign debt exposures to reflect market prices as of the end of September 2011. In addition, banks are required to establish an exceptional and temporary buffer such that the Core Tier 1 capital ratio reaches a level of 9% by the end of June 2012. Based on figures as of the end of September 2011, the 13 German banks covered by the exercise have an aggregate capital shortfall of EUR 13.1 billion.

Source: European Banking Authority, The EBA publishes Recommendation and final results of bank recapitalisation plan as part of co-ordinated measures to restore confidence in the banking sector, press release dated December 8, 2011 (http://stress-test.eba.europa.eu/capitalexercise/Press%20release%20FINALv2.pdf).

In order to address renewed tensions in some financial markets in the euro area, the ECB, in early August 2011, announced enhancements to its liquidity-providing operations for the banking sector and its return to active interventions in the euro area public and private debt securities markets through its Securities Markets Programme. This program was first introduced in early May 2010 with a view to ensuring depth and liquidity in certain dysfunctional market segments.

Sources: European Central Bank, Decisions taken by the Governing Council of the ECB (in addition to decisions setting interest rates), press release of August 4, 2011 (http://www.ecb.int/press/govcdec/otherdec/2011/html/gc110805.en.html); European Central Bank, Statement by the President of the ECB, press release of August 7, 2011 (http://www.ecb.int/press/pr/date/2011/html/pr110807.en.html); European Central Bank, ECB decides on measures to address severe tensions in financial markets, press release of May 10, 2010 (http://www.ecb.int/press/pr/date/2010/html/pr100510.en.html).

In mid-September 2011, the ECB, in coordination with the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank, the Bank of England, the Bank of Japan and the Swiss National Bank, agreed to conduct three U.S. dollar liquidity-providing operations with a maturity of approximately three months covering the end of the year. These operations were conducted in addition to ongoing weekly seven-day U.S. dollar liquidity operations which were announced in May 2010. In November 2011, the Bank of Canada, the Bank of England, the Bank of Japan, the ECB, the U.S. Federal Reserve and the Swiss National Bank announced coordinated actions to enhance their capacity to provide liquidity support to the global financial system. These central banks agreed to lower the pricing on existing temporary U.S. dollar liquidity swap arrangements, which have been extended until February 1, 2013, with effect from December 5, 2011. As a contingency measure, the central banks have also agreed to establish temporary bilateral liquidity swap arrangements so that liquidity can be provided in each jurisdiction in any of their currencies, if required by market conditions. These swap lines are authorized through February 1, 2013.

Sources: European Central Bank, ECB announces additional US dollar liquidity-providing operations over year-end, press release of September 15, 2011 (http://www.ecb.int/press/pr/date/2011/html/pr110915.en.html); European Central Bank, ECB announces details of refinancing operations from October 2011 to 10 July 2012, press release of October 6, 2011 (http://www.ecb.int/press/pr/date/2011/html/pr111006_4.en.html); European Central Bank, Coordinated central bank action to address pressures in global money markets, press release of November 30, 2011 (http://www.ecb.int/press/pr/date/2011/html/pr111130.en.html).

 

G-31


Table of Contents

Furthermore, in early October 2011, the ECB announced decisions (1) to launch a new covered bond purchase program in an anticipated amount of EUR 40 billion, with purchases beginning in November 2011 and expected to be completed by the end of October 2012, and (2) to conduct two longer-term refinancing operations with maturities of approximately 12 and 13 months in October and December 2011, respectively. On December 8, 2011, the ECB decided on additional enhanced credit support measures to improve bank lending and liquidity in the euro area money market, including the following:

 

   

conducting two longer-term refinancing operations (“LTRO”) with a maturity of 36 months and the option of early repayment after one year; and

 

   

increasing collateral availability by (1) reducing the rating threshold for certain asset-backed securities and (2) allowing national central banks, as a temporary solution, to accept as collateral additional performing credit claims (i.e., bank loans) that satisfy specific eligibility criteria.

Sources: European Central Bank, ECB announces new covered bond purchase program, press release of October 6, 2011 (http://www.ecb.int/press/pr/date/2011/html/pr111006_3.en.html); European Central Bank, ECB announces measures to support bank lending and money market activity, press release of December 8, 2011 (http://www.ecb.int/press/pr/date/2011/html/pr111208_1.en.html).

In the first LTRO, on December 22, 2011, EUR 489.2 billion was settled; and in the second LTRO, EUR 529.5 billion was settled on March 1, 2012.

Sources: ECB, Consolidated Financial Statement of the Eurosystem as at December 23, 2011, press release dated December 28, 2011 (http://www.ecb.eu/press/pr/wfs/2011/html/fs111228.en.html); ECB, Consolidated Financial Statement of the Eurosystem as at March 2, 2012, press release dated March 6, 2012 (http://www.ecb.eu/press/pr/wfs/2012/html/fs120306.en.html).

 

G-32


Table of Contents

PUBLIC FINANCE

Receipts and Expenditures

The Federal Government, each of the Länder governments and each of the municipalities (Gemeinden) have separate budgets. The federal budget is the largest single public budget.

The fiscal year of the Federal Republic is the calendar year. The annual federal budget is passed by an act of parliament. On the basis of a proposal prepared by the Ministry of Finance, the Federal Government introduces the federal budget bill to the parliament, generally in the summer of each year. The proposal has to pass through three Bundestag sessions, the budget committee of the Bundestag, and the Bundesrat, which deliberates the proposal twice. The final vote on the proposal is taken by the Bundestag in its third session.

In addition to the federal, Länder and municipal budgets, there are separate budgets for the social security funds and various special funds (Sondervermögen) of the federal administration and the Länder as well as other off-budgetary entities at all levels of government that are created for specific public purposes. General government, as defined in the national accounts, comprises all these different levels of government activity.

In 2011, total consolidated general government revenue as presented in the national accounts amounted to EUR 1,148.2 billion, with tax revenue of EUR 587.8 billion and social contributions of EUR 435.3 billion.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (March 2012), Table 3.4.3.2.

In 2011, the value added tax and the taxes on income and wealth as presented in the national accounts amounted to EUR 188.2 billion and EUR 295.7 billion, respectively. In addition to these taxes, the Federal Government, the Länder governments and the municipal authorities each levied special taxes – for example, on tobacco and beer. The joint taxes are distributed among the Federal Government, the Länder governments and municipal authorities, according to a predetermined formula.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (March 2012), Table 3.4.3.16.

Consolidated general government expenditure in 2011, as presented in the national accounts, amounted to a total of EUR 1,173.5 billion. The most significant consolidated general government expenditures were monetary social benefits (EUR 423.5 billion), social benefits in kind (EUR 207.4 billion) and employee compensation (EUR 199.8 billion). Other significant consolidated general government expenditure included intermediate consumption (EUR 127.7 billion), interest on public debt (EUR 67.7 billion), and gross capital formation (EUR 42.3 billion).

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (March 2012), Table 3.4.3.2.

GENERAL GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS(1)

 

     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  
     (EUR in billions)  

Federal Government, Länder

              

governments and municipalities

              

Revenue

     740.7         689.8         683.5         705.5         684.3   

of which: Taxes(2)

     587.8         548.9         546.3         572.6         558.4   

Expenditure

     781.2         798.1         744.4         714.1         689.6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance

     -40.4         -108.3         -60.9         -8.6         -5.3   

Social security funds

              

Revenue

     525.9         515.2         491.4         485.7         476.3   

Expenditure

     510.8         512.9         506.6         478.5         465.5   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance

     15.1         2.3         -15.2         7.2         10.8   

General Government

              

Revenue

     1,148.2         1,079.8         1,066.0         1,088.2         1,062.3   

Expenditure

     1,173.5         1,185.8         1,142.1         1,089.6         1,056.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance

     -25.3         -106.0         -76.1         -1.4         5.5   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Definition according to the national accounts.
(2) Excluding capital taxes and taxes of domestic sectors to EU.

 

G-33


Table of Contents

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (March 2012), Tables 3.4.3.2, 3.4.3.3 and 3.4.3.7.

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS(1)

 

     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  
     (EUR in billions)  

Revenue

     348.2         320.9         316.5         319.0         308.0   

of which: Taxes (2)

     304.6         284.4         280.9         285.8         279.0   

Expenditure

     374.6         400.9         354.6         334.2         326.9   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance

     -26.3         -80.0         -38.1         -15.2         -18.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Definition according to the national accounts.
(2) Excluding taxes of domestic sectors to EU.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (March 2012), Table 3.4.3.4.

GENERAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE: BREAKDOWN BY FUNCTIONS(1)

 

     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  
     (EUR in billions)  

General public services

     162.0         151.4         147.4         147.3         140.9   

Defense

     27.1         26.2         25.9         24.6         23.6   

Public order and safety

     40.8         39.6         38.4         37.5         36.6   

Economic affairs

     89.6         118.5         92.7         88.2         78.7   

Environmental protection

     17.1         16.8         19.1         13.8         13.3   

Housing and community amenities

     15.3         16.4         17.5         18.7         20.3   

Health

     181.4         178.3         174.4         164.8         158.5   

Recreation, culture and religion

     22.1         20.8         20.1         19.5         19.0   

Education

     110.4         106.3         102.7         98.3         95.6   

Social protection

     507.6         511.4         503.9         476.9         470.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total expenditure

     1,173.5         1,185.8         1,142.1         1,089.6         1,056.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Definition according to the national accounts.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (March 2012), Table 3.4.3.11.

Germany’s General Government Deficit/Surplus, the General Government Gross Debt and the Excessive Deficit Procedure

For purposes of the Member States’ reports to the European Commission under the EDP, the general government or “Maastricht” deficit/surplus refers to the difference between consolidated public sector revenue and consolidated public sector expenditure and is the balancing item “net borrowing/net lending” of general government as defined in the European System of National Accounts 1995, but including streams of interest payments resulting from swap arrangements and forward-rate agreements. In 2011, Germany’s general government deficit amounted to EUR 25.3 billion, or 1.0% of nominal GDP. The German general government gross debt-to-GDP ratio decreased from 83.0% in 2010 to 81.2% in 2011, which is above the EU’s 60% reference value.

Sources: Statistisches Bundesamt, Staatliche Defizitquote im Jahr 2011 bei 1,0 %, press release of February 24, 2012 (https://www.destatis.de/DE/PresseService/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/2012/02/PD12_064_813pdf.pdf?__blob=publicationFile); The European Union, Treaty on European Union (http://eurlex.europa.eu/en/treaties/dat/11992M/htm/11992M.html); Deutsche Bundesbank, Deutscher Maastricht-Schuldenstand 2011: 2,09 Billionen € bzw. 81,2% des BIP, press release of April 17, 2012 (http://www.bundesbank.de/Redaktion/DE/Pressemitteilungen/BBK/2012/2012_04_17_maastricht_schuldenstand.html).

 

G-34


Table of Contents

The following table shows historical information on the Federal Republic’s general government deficit/surplus and debt as a percentage of GDP.

THE FEDERAL REPUBLICS FISCAL MAASTRICHT CRITERIA

 

     2011(1)      2010      2009      2008      2007  
     (% of GDP)  

General government deficit (-) / surplus (+)(2)

     -1.0         -4.3         -3.2         -0.1         0.2   

General government gross debt

     81.2         83.0         74.4         66.7         65.2   

 

(1) Provisional figures, partly estimated.
(2) Definition according to the reporting under the EDP: For purposes of the Member States’ reports to the European Commission under the EDP, “general government deficit/surplus” is the balancing item “net borrowing/net lending” of general government as defined in the national accounts, but including streams of interest payments resulting from swap arrangements and forward-rate agreements.

Sources: Deutsche Bundesbank, Monatsbericht März 2012, Table IX.1; Deutsche Bundesbank, Deutscher Maastricht-Schuldenstand 2011: 2,09 Billionen € bzw. 81,2% des BIP, press release of April 17, 2102 (http://www.bundesbank.de/Redaktion/DE/Pressemitteilungen/BBK/2012/2012_04_17_maastricht_schuldenstand.html).

On December 2, 2009, based on, among other factors, a deficit in excess of 3% of GDP for Germany forecast for 2009 and a further deterioration forecast for 2010, the Ecofin Council initiated an EDP against Germany and called on Germany to reduce its deficit to below the reference value of 3% of GDP by 2013. As of April 2012, in addition to Germany, 22 other Member States are facing an EDP. With a deficit of 1.0% of GDP in 2011, Germany has reached the goal of bringing the deficit below 3% two years earlier than initially recommended by the Ecofin Council. The April 2012 update of the German stability program forecasts a general government deficit of 1% of GDP in 2012 and of 1/2% of GDP in 2013. The medium-term objective of a structural deficit not exceeding 0.5% of GDP is expected to be met commencing with 2012.

According to the April 2012 update of the German stability program, Germany’s general government gross debt-to-GDP ratio is projected to decrease to around 73% by 2016. The debt ratio, however, is expected to continue to be in excess of the EU’s reference value of 60% of nominal GDP until 2016, the end of the current forecast horizon. The most important reason for this decrease is expected to be the liquidation of parts of the liquidation sub-agencies’ portfolios, which is expected to continue over the coming years. The debt ratio is anticipated to decline in line with the amount by which these agencies’ liabilities are reduced. In addition to the liquidation effect, the consolidation efforts in the federal, Länder and municipal authorities’ budgets are expected to contribute to the decline in the debt ratio. Together, these effects are expected to lead to a decreasing debt ratio from 2012 onwards. In 2012, however, financial assistance provided as part of the support measures in order to combat the European sovereign debt crisis is expected to overcompensate the reducing effects and lead to an increase of the German debt ratio to 82%.

The Federal Republic participates in the stabilization measures for certain Euro Area Member States, bilaterally in the case of the first support package to Greece and through its participation in the EFSF for the second support package to Greece as well as for Ireland and Portugal. In all cases, the deficit ratio is not affected (apart from immaterial interest revenue effects). With respect to the measures extended by the EFSF and according to a Eurostat decision of January 2011, the Federal Republic – like any other Euro Area Member State participating in an EFSF support operation – must record its contribution in the general government gross debt ratio in proportion to the share of the guarantee it has provided. Similarly, the German loan to Greece extended by KfW affects the German debt ratio.

Sources: Council of the European Union, press release of December 2nd, 2009 (http://register.consilium.europa.eu/pdf/en/09/st16/st16838.en09.pdf); European Commission, Economic and Financial Affairs, EU Economic governance, Stability and Growth Pact, Excessive Deficit procedure (http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/economic_governance/sgp/deficit/index_en.htm); Eurostat, The statistical recording of operations undertaken by the European Financial Stability Facility, press release of January 27, 2011 (http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_PUBLIC/2-27012011-AP/EN/2-27012011-AP-EN.PDF); Bundesministerium der Finanzen, German Stability Programme 2012 Update (http://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/Content/DE/Standardartikel/Themen/Oeffentliche_Finanzen/Deutsches_Stabilitaetsprogramm/german-stability-programme-anlage01.html).

 

G-35


Table of Contents

GENERAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETARY PROSPECTS(1)

 

      2016      2015      2014      2013      2012      2011  
     (% of GDP)  

Revenue

     44 1/2         44 1/2         44 1/2         44 1/2         45        44.7   

Total taxes

     23 1/2         23 1/2         23 1/2         23 1/2         23 1/2         22.9   

Social contributions

     16 1/2         16 1/2         16 1/2         16 1/2         17        16.9   

Property income

     1        1        1        1        1        1.0   

Other

     3 1/2         3 1/2         3 1/2         3 1/2         3 1/2         3.8   

Expenditure

     44 1/2         44 1/2         44 1/2         45 1/2         46        45.7   

Compensation of employees and intermediate consumption

     12        12        12 1/2         12 1/2         12 1/2         12.7   

Social payments

     24 1/2         24 1/2         24 1/2         24 1/2         24 1/2         24.5   

Interest expenditure

     2 1/2         2 1/2         2 1/2         2 1/2         2 1/2         2.6   

Subsidies

     1        1        1        1        1        1.0   

Gross fixed capital formation

     1 1/2         1 1/2         1 1/2         1 1/2         1 1/2         1.6   

Other

     3        3        3        3        3        3.1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

General government deficit (-) / surplus (+)

     0        0        -0        - 1/2         -1        -1.0   

Federal government

     -0        -0        - 1/2         - 1/2         -1        -1.0   

Länder governments

     -0        -0        - 1/2         - 1/2         - 1/2         -0.6   

Municipalities

      1/2          1/2          1/2          1/2         0        0.0   

Social security funds

     0        0        0        0         1/2         0.6   

General government gross debt

     73        76        78        80        82        81.2   

 

(1) Definition according to the reporting under the EDP: for purposes of the Member States’ reports to the European Commission under the EDP, “general government deficit/surplus” is the balancing item “net borrowing/net lending” of general government as defined in the national accounts, but including streams of interest payments resulting from swap arrangements and forward-rate agreements. Accordingly, interest included in the figures set forth in the table above reflects these streams.

Source: Bundesministerium der Finanzen, German Stability Programme 2012 Update, Tables 12 and 15.

Tax Structure

Income Tax

Significant sources of revenue for the Federal Government are the various types of income taxes. Income taxation for employees and self-employed persons is based on a progressive tax scale ranging from 14% to 45% subject to the amount of taxable income. Employees pay taxes on their income from employment in the form of wage taxes. Self-employed persons typically pay estimated taxes during the year before filing their annual income tax return. Income generated by partnerships is not subject to tax at the partnership level, but at the level of the partners. The partners pay tax on this income according to their individual income tax brackets.

Income generated by corporations is subject to corporate income tax (Körperschaftsteuer) at a flat rate of 15%.

Capital income received by domestic taxpayers (all types of income from capital as well as private shareholders’ net gains from sales of shares in corporations) is subject to a final uniform tax rate of 25% (Abgeltungssteuer), taking into consideration an allowance (Sparerfreibetrag) of EUR 801 (EUR 1,602 for married couples).

In addition to the various types of income tax, a solidarity surcharge of 5.5% is imposed on the applicable income tax liability.

Sources: Bundesministerium der Justiz, Einkommensteuergesetz (http://bundesrecht.juris.de/estg/index.html); Bundesministerium der Justiz, Section 4, Solidaritätszuschlaggesetz (http://bundesrecht.juris.de/solzg_1995/__4.html); Bundesministerium der Justiz, Körperschaftsteuergesetz (http://bundesrecht.juris.de/kstg_1977/index.html).

Value-Added Tax and Consumption Taxes

Value-added tax (“VAT”) serves as a significant source of revenue. VAT is a general consumption tax that is imposed on the value of most goods and services. The standard rate applicable to most goods and services is 19%. Certain items that are classified as basic necessities, such as food (except beverages and all turnovers in restaurants) and books, are subject to a reduced rate of 7%.

 

G-36


Table of Contents

In addition to the VAT, there are specific consumption taxes. The most significant specific consumption taxes relate to energy and tobacco.

Sources: Bundesministerium der Justiz, Umsatzsteuergesetz (http://bundesrecht.juris.de/ustg_1980/index.html); Bundesministerium der Justiz, Umsatzsteuergesetz, Section 12 (http://bundesrecht.juris.de/ustg_1980/__12.html); Bundesministerium der Justiz, Energiesteuergesetz (http://bundesrecht.juris.de/energiestg/); Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Glossar, Tabaksteuer (http://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/nn_39850/DE/BMF__Startseite/Service/Glossar/T/001__Tabaksteuer.html).

Environmental Tax

The environmental tax regime aims to encourage energy conservation and to lower employers’ and employees’ contributions to the public pension system at the same time, thereby allocating the burden of taxes and contributions more equally among labor, capital and natural resources. Key points of the environmental tax regime are an electricity tax imposed on the consumption of electricity and an energy tax on mineral oil and coal. The electricity tax rate is EUR 20.50 per megawatt-hour. The rates of the energy tax are assessed in accordance with certain environmental criteria.

Sources: Bundesministerium der Justiz, Stromsteuergesetz (http://bundesrecht.juris.de/stromstg/index.html); Bundesministerium der Justiz, Stromsteuergesetz, Section 3 (http://bundesrecht.juris.de/stromstg/__3.html); Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Ökosteuer / Ökologische Steuerreform, Glossary (http://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/Web/DE/Service/Glossar/Functions/glossar.html?lv2=206394&lv3=175464).

Trade Tax

Trade tax (Gewerbesteuer) is levied at the municipal level and is imposed on businesses and their objective earning power. The trade tax rate varies and depends on the municipality that levies the tax. Basis of assessment are the profits of a business enterprise as determined under income tax law or corporation tax law, increased or decreased by certain adjustments. The result is multiplied by the basic federal rate (Gewerbesteuermesszahl) to achieve the base amount for the trade tax (Steuermessbetrag), which is then multiplied by the municipal multiplier (Hebesatz). Beyond a required minimum level of 200%, municipalities have discretion to fix the municipal tax collection rate.

Source: Bundesministerium der Justiz, Gewerbesteuergesetz (http://bundesrecht.juris.de/gewstg/index.html).

Recent and Pending Tax Reform Measures

Because of the progressive structure of the income tax system, the Federal Republic benefits from extra tax revenue generated by the effect of “fiscal drag” (kalte Progression). The Federal Government seeks to correct the income tax rate to offset this tax burden. In December 2011, the Federal Government adopted a draft act to reduce additional tax burdens deriving from fiscal drag which is scheduled to be implemented in two stages, effective from January 1, 2013 and January 1, 2014 respectively. The objective is to prevent a higher average tax rate being imposed on taxpayers who receive a pay increase that simply keeps pace with inflation. This ensures that the government does not benefit from pay increases that do not improve the economic position of the taxpayer. The Federal Government stated that it plans to assess the effects of fiscal drag in the tax schedule every two years.

Source: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, 2012 Annual Economic Report: Boosting confidence – generating opportunities – continuing to grow with Europe, pp. 35-36 (http://www.bmwi.de/English/Navigation/Service/publications,did=479718.html).

 

G-37


Table of Contents

The following table provides an overview of the annual tax revenues of the general government divided by categories for each of the years indicated as presented in the national accounts.

TAXES(1)

 

     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  
     (EUR in billions)  

Current taxes

     587.8         548.9         546.3         572.6         558.4   

Taxes on production and imports

     292.1         275.4         272.3         269.8         265.5   

of which: Value-added tax

     188.2         178.6         176.0         172.5         166.5   

Current taxes on income and wealth

     295.7         273.5         274.0         302.7         292.9   

of which: Wage tax

     174.1         162.4         168.1         173.0         162.3   

Assessed income tax

     31.7         31.6         33.3         32.6         30.6   

Non-assessed taxes on earnings

     25.1         22.5         24.3         30.9         27.3   

Corporate tax

     17.2         13.7         8.8         17.8         25.0   

Capital taxes

     4.3         4.4         4.5         4.8         4.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Tax revenue of general government

     592.1         553.3         550.9         577.3         562.6   

Taxes of domestic sectors to EU

     6.3         5.7         5.7         8.1         7.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Taxes

     598.4         559.0         556.5         585.5         570.4   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Definition according to the national accounts.

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, Fachserie 18, Reihe 1.4 – 2011 (March 2012), Table 3.4.3.16.

Government Participations

The Federal Republic held direct participations in 84 public and private enterprises, and various special funds held participations in 21 (20 without double counting) enterprises. The aggregate nominal capital of the enterprises in which the Federal Republic and special funds held direct participations amounted to EUR 23.9 billion (EUR 18.0 billion for the participations held directly by the Federal Republic plus EUR 5.9 billion for the participations held by special funds) as of December 31, 2010 compared to EUR 25 billion as of December 31, 2009.

Sources: Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Die Beteiligungen des Bundes – Beteiligungsbericht 2011, Chapters A and J paragraphs I and II; Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Beteiligungsbericht 2010, Chapters A and K paragraphs I and II.

The following table shows information on the Federal Republic’s significant direct participations (including those held through special funds) as of December 31, 2010.

PARTICIPATIONS OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC

 

Enterprises

   Nominal capital of enterprise      Participation of the Federal 
Republic
 
     (EUR in millions)      (%)  

Significant majority participations:

     

Deutsche Bahn AG

     2,150         100.0   

KfW

     3,750         80.0   

Hypo Real Estate Holding AG(1)

     2,673         100.0   

Significant minority participations exceeding 25%:

     

Flughafen München GmbH

     307         26.0   

Commerzbank AG(1)

     3,072         25.0 + 1 share   

 

(1) Participations held by a special fund.

Source: Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Die Beteiligungen des Bundes – Beteiligungsbericht 2011, Chapters B, E and J paragraph II.

 

G-38


Table of Contents

Direct Debt of the Federal Government

As of December 31, 2011, the Federal Government’s direct debt totaled EUR 1,075.7 billion compared to EUR 1,065.3 billion as of December 31, 2010.

Sources: Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Übersicht über den Stand der Schuld der Bundesrepublik Deutschland zum 31. Dezember 2011, Bundesanzeiger Nr. 38 of March 7, 2012, page 975-976.

The Federal Government raises funds primarily through the issuance of bonds and notes. Euro-denominated bonds and notes issued by the Federal Republic are evidenced by book entry and no certificates are issued.

In addition to its own direct debt obligations, the Federal Government had outstanding guarantees in an aggregate amount of EUR 302.4 billion as of December 31, 2010. Of this amount, EUR 107.5 billion was outstanding in the form of export credit insurance, which is handled by Euler Hermes Kreditversichtungs-AG on behalf of and for the account of the Federal Government. Furthermore, EUR 22.4 billion was outstanding in the form of a guarantee for a loan to Greece according to the German Financial Stability Act.

Source: Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Finanzbericht 2012, Overview 4, page 348.

For more detailed information regarding the Federal Government’s debt and guarantees, see “Tables and Supplementary Information.

For information on the Federal Government’s liability as of December 31, 2011 for capital subscriptions to various international financial organizations, see the table entitled Tables and Supplementary Information – III. Liabilities to International Financial Organizations.”

TABLES AND SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

I. Direct Debt of The Federal Government

SUMMARY

 

     Principal amount
outstanding as of
December 31, 2011
     Principal amount
outstanding as of
June 30, 2012
 
     (EUR in millions)      (EUR in millions)  

Federal Bonds (Bundesanleihen)

     650,736         660,736   

Inflation-linked Securities (Inflationsindexierte Bundeswertpapiere)

     46,000         50,500   

Five-year Federal Notes (Bundesobligationen)

     203,000         213,000   

Federal Treasury Notes (Bundesschatzanweisungen)

     136,000         127,000   

Federal Savings Notes (Bundesschatzbriefe)

     8,208         7,518   

Treasury Discount Paper (Unverzinsliche Schatzanweisungen)

     57,830         53,144   

Federal Treasury Financing Paper (Finanzierungsschätze)

     467         364   

German Government Day-Bonds (Tagesanleihe des Bundes)

     2,154         2,137   

Further short-term debt (¨ 1 year)

     1,115         1,540   

Borrowers’ note loans (Schuldscheindarlehen)

     12,061         12,061   

Old debt(1)

     4,417         4,428   

Of which:

     

Equalization claims

     4,137         4,148   

Other

     40         40   

Repurchased debt

     46,364         41,307   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     1,075,664         1,091,161   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Mainly equalization and covering claims of the Deutsche Bundesbank, other banks and insurance companies in connection with the currency reform of 1948.

Source: Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Übersicht über den Stand der Schuld der Bundesrepublik Deutschland zum 31. Dezember 2011, Bundesanzeiger Nr. 38 of March 7, 2012, pages 975-976; Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Übersicht über den Stand der Schuld der Bundesrepublik Deutschland zum 30. Juni 2012, Bundesanzeiger AT of August 14, 2012, page 1.

 

G-39


Table of Contents

DEBT TABLES

1. FEDERAL BONDS(1)

 

Title

   Interest 
rate
     Year of 
issue
     Maturity      Principal amount
outstanding as of
December 31, 2011
 
     (% per
annum)
                   (EUR in millions)  

6% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 1986 (II)

     6         1986         2016         3,750   

5.625% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 1986

     5.625         1986         2016         750   

6.25% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 1994

     6.25         1994         2024         10,250   

6.5% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 1997

     6.5         1997         2027         11,250   

5.625% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 1998

     5.625         1998         2028         14,500   

4.75% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 1998 (II)

     4.75         1998         2028         11,250   

6.25% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2000

     6.25         2000         2030         9,250   

5.5% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2000

     5.5         2000         2031         17,000   

5% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2002 (I)

     5         2002         2012         25,000   

5% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2002 (II)

     5         2002         2012         27,000   

4.5% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2003

     4.5         2003         2013         24,000   

3.75% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2003

     3.75         2003         2013         22,000   

4.25% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2003

     4.25         2003         2014         24,000   

4.75% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2003

     4.75         2003         2034         20,000   

4.25% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2004

     4.25         2004         2014         25,000   

3.75% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2004

     3.75         2004         2015         23,000   

4% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2005

     4         2005         2037         23,000   

3.25% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2005

     3.25         2005         2015         21,000   

3.5% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2005

     3.5         2005         2016         23,000   

4% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2006

     4         2006         2016         23,000   

3.75% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2006

     3.75         2006         2017         20,000   

4.25% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2007 (I)

     4.25         2007         2039         14,000   

4.25% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2007 (II)

     4.25         2007         2017         19,000   

4% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2007

     4         2007         2018         20,000   

4.25% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2008

     4.25         2008         2018         21,000   

3.75% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2008

     3.75         2008         2019         24,000   

4.75% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2008

     4.75         2008         2040         16,000   

3.5% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2009

     3.5         2009         2019         24,000   

3.25% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2009

     3.25         2009         2020         22,000   

1.5% USD-Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2009(2)

     1.5         2009         2012         2,736   

3.25% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2010

     3.25         2010         2042         12,000   

3% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2010

     3         2010         2020         22,000   

2.25% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2010

     2.25         2010         2020         16,000   

2.5% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2010

     2.5         2010         2021         19,000   

3.25% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2011

     3.25         2011         2021         19,000   

2.25% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2011

     2.25         2011         2021         16,000   

2% Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2011

     2         2011         2022         6,000   
           

 

 

 

Total Federal Bonds

              650,736   
           

 

 

 

 

(1) Federal Bonds (Bundesanleihen) are evidenced by book entry, and no certificates are issued. Maturities are 10 to 30 years. No redemption prior to maturity; including principal strips.
(2) The principal amount of the USD-Bonds was converted to euro at the exchange rate of the issue day.

 

G-40


Table of Contents

2. INFLATION-LINKED SECURITIES(1)

 

Title

   Interest 
rate
     Year of 
issue
     Maturity      Principal amount
outstanding as of
December 31, 2011
 
     (% per
annum)
                   (EUR in millions)  

1.5% Inflation-linked Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2006

     1.5         2006         2016         15,000   

2.25% Inflation-linked Notes of the Federal Republic of 2007

     2.25         2007         2013         11,000   

1.75% Inflation-linked Bonds of the Federal Republic of 2009

     1.75         2009         2020         15,000   

0.75% Inflation-linked Notes of the Federal Republic of 2011

     0.75         2011         2018         5,000   
           

 

 

 

Total Inflation-linked Securities

              46,000   
           

 

 

 

 

(1) Inflation-linked Securities (Inflationsindexierte Bundeswertpapiere) are evidenced by book entry, and no certificates are issued. Maturities are five to ten years. No redemption prior to maturity.

3. FIVE-YEAR FEDERAL NOTES(1)

 

Title

   Interest 
rate
     Year of 
issue
     Maturity      Principal amount
outstanding as of
December 31, 2011
 
    

(% per

annum)

                   (EUR in millions)  

4.0% Bonds of 2007-Series 150

     4.0         2007         2012         16,000   

4.25% Bonds of 2007-Series 151

     4.25         2007         2012         16,000   

3.5% Bonds of 2008-Series 152

     3.5         2008         2013         17,000   

4.0% Bonds of 2008-Series 153

     4.0         2008         2013         16,000   

2.25% Bonds of 2009-Series 154

     2.25         2009         2014         19,000   

2.5% Bonds of 2009-Series 155

     2.5         2009         2014         17,000   

2.5% Bonds of 2010-Series 156

     2.5         2010         2015         17,000   

2.25% Bonds of 2010-Series 157

     2.25         2010         2015         19,000   

1.75% Bonds of 2010-Series 158

     1.75         2010         2015         16,000   

2.0% Bonds of 2011-Series 159

     2.0         2011         2016         16,000   

2.75% Bonds of 2011-Series 160

     2.75         2011         2016         18,000   

1.25% Bonds of 2011-Series 161

     1.25         2011         2016         16,000   
           

 

 

 

Total Five-Year Federal Notes

              203,000   
           

 

 

 

 

(1) Five-Year Federal Notes (Bundesobligationen) are evidenced by book entry, and no certificates are issued. Maturities are approximately five years. No redemption prior to maturity.

4. FEDERAL TREASURY NOTES(1)

 

Title

   Interest 
Rate
     Year of 
Issue
     Maturity      Principal Amount
Outstanding as of
December 31, 2011
 
     (% per
annum)
                   (EUR in millions)  

1.0% Notes of 2010

     1.0         2010         2012         19,000   

0.5% Notes of 2010

     0.5         2010         2012         19,000   

0.75% Notes of 2010

     0.75         2010         2012         18,000   

1.0% Notes of 2010

     1.0         2010         2012         17,000   

1.5% Notes of 2011

     1.5         2011         2013         18,000   

1.75% Notes of 2011

     1.75         2011         2013         17,000   

0.75% Notes of 2011

     0.75         2011         2013         17,000   

0.25% Notes of 2011

     0.25         2011         2013         11,000   
           

 

 

 

Total Federal Treasury Notes

              136,000   
           

 

 

 

 

(1) Federal Treasury Notes (Bundesschatzanweisungen) are evidenced by book-entry, and no certificates are issued. Maturities are two years. No redemption prior to maturity.

 

G-41


Table of Contents

5. FEDERAL SAVINGS NOTES(1)

 

    

Interest Rate

   Year of Issue      Maturity      Principal amount
outstanding as of
December 31, 2011
 
     (% per annum)                  (EUR in millions)  

Federal Savings Notes

   0.25% to 4.75%      2005 to 2011         2012 to 2018         8,208   

6. TREASURY DISCOUNT PAPER(2)

 

      Interest  Rate(3)      Year of Issue      Maturity      Principal amount
outstanding as of
December 31, 2011
 
     (% per annum)                    (EUR in millions)  

Treasury Discount Paper

     0.0005% to 1.39%         2011         2012         57,830   

7. FEDERAL TREASURY FINANCING PAPER(4)

 

     

Interest Rate(3)

   Year of Issue      Maturity      Principal amount
outstanding as of
December 31, 2011
 
     (% per annum)                  (EUR in millions)  

Federal Treasury Financing Paper

   0.05% to 1.53%      2010 to 2011         2012 to 2013         467   

8. GERMAN GOVERNMENT DAY-BONDS

 

      Interest Rate      Year of Issue      Maturity      Principal amount
outstanding as of
December 31, 2011
 
     (% per annum)                    (EUR in millions)  

German Government Day-Bonds

    

 

variable,

tied to EONIA

  

  

    

 

2008/

continuous tap

  

  

     unlimited         2,154   

9. BORROWERS’ NOTE LOANS(5)

 

    

Interest Rate

  Year of Issue     Maturity     Principal amount
outstanding as of
December 31, 2011
 
    (% per annum)               (EUR in millions)  

Borrowers’ note loans (Schuldscheindarlehen)

  1.89% to 7.75%     1954 to 2011        2012 to 2037        12,061   

10. FURTHER SHORT-TERM DEBT (£ 1 YEAR)

 

      Interest Rate      Year of Issue      Maturity      Principal amount
outstanding as of
December 31, 2011
 
     (% per annum)                    (EUR in millions)  

Further short-term debt (£ 1 year)

     money market rates         2011         2012         1,115   

 

(1) Federal Savings Notes (Bundesschatzbriefe) are evidenced by book entry and no certificates are issued. Maturities are six or seven years. The terms of the Federal Savings Notes provide for interest rates that increase during the term of the bonds. In addition, the seven-year Federal Savings Notes provide for payment of compounded interest at maturity or upon redemption prior to maturity. No redemption is permitted prior to maturity.
(2) Treasury Discount Papers (Unverzinsliche Schatzanweisungen) are issued at a discount and repaid at par value on the maturity date. No interest payments are made during the term of the paper. The papers are auctioned and intended for institutional investors. Maturities range from six months to twelve months. No redemption is permitted prior to maturity.
(3) Reflects annual interest rate paid to the holder by way of the initial issue discount. No redemption is permitted prior to maturity.

 

G-42


Table of Contents
(4) Federal Treasury Financing Papers (Finanzierungsschätze) are issued at a discount and repaid at par value on the maturity date. No interest payments are made during the term of the paper. Federal Treasury Financing Papers are intended to be sold to retail customers. Maturities range from one year to two years. No redemption is permitted prior to maturity.
(5) Borrowers’ note loans (Schuldscheindarlehen) are an instrument of the German capital market where the lending entity, generally an institutional investor, receives a certificate evidencing its loan to the borrower and the term of such loans. The certificate generally authorizes at least three assignments. No redemption is permitted prior to maturity.

11. OTHER LIABILITIES

 

Title

   Interest Rate      Year of
incurrence
     Maturity      Principal amount
outstanding as of
December 31, 2011
 
     (% per annum)                    (EUR in millions)  

Old debt(1)

     0% to 3%         Various         Various         4,417   

Other debt(2)

     Various         Various         Various         40   

 

 

(1) Includes mainly equalization and covering claims of the Deutsche Bundesbank, other banks and insurance companies in connection with the currency reform of 1948.
(2) Includes liabilities of the Federal Government to repay amounts received from the Investitionshilfeabgabe, a special duty levied on income, the proceeds of which were to be used to promote investments.

Source: Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Übersicht über den Stand der Schuld der Bundesrepublik Deutschland zum 31. Dezember 2011, Bundesanzeiger Nr. 38 of March 7, 2012, pages 975-976.

II. Guarantees by the Federal Government(1)

 

     Principal amount outstanding 
as of December 31,
 

Purpose of Guarantees

   2009      2010  
     (EUR in millions)  

Export finance loans (including rescheduled loans)(2)

     107,840         107,497   

Untied loans; direct foreign investments by German companies; Loans of the European Investment Bank to non-EU borrowers

     29,691         34,267   

Loans in connection with EU agricultural policy measures

     7,500         0   

Loans to domestic corporations and for projects in areas of Agriculture, fishing and housing construction

     129,220         98,026   

Contributions to international financing institutions

     50,638         53,333   

Co-financing of bilateral projects of German financial co-operation

     1,294         2,254   

Successor agencies to Treuhandanstalt

     1,009         1,009   

Interest compensation guarantees

     4,000         6,000   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total guarantees pursuant to the 2010 German Budget Act

     331,192         302,385   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Guarantee for a loan to Greece according to the German Financial Stability Act

     —           22,400   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total guarantees

     331,192         324,785   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1) Does not include guarantees under the KfW Law with respect to money borrowed, bonds issued and derivative transactions entered into by KfW.
(2) Includes export finance loans extended by KfW IPEX-Bank guaranteed by the Federal Republic through Euler Hermes Kreditversicherungs-AG (“HERMES”), the official German export credit insurer.

Sources: Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Finanzbericht 2011, Overview 4, page 337; Finanzbericht 2012, Overview 4, page 349.

 

G-43


Table of Contents

III. LIABILITIES TO INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL ORGANIZATIONS

The Federal Republic is obligated to contribute to the capital subscriptions and, in some cases, to the additional financing requirements of certain international organizations in which it participates. Such contributions are in many cases stated initially in 1944 U.S. dollars. One 1944 U.S. dollar is equivalent to one Special Drawing Right (“SDR”), a unit of value established by an amendment in July 1969 to the Articles of Agreement of the IMF. From July 1, 1974 to December 31, 1980, the exchange rate between world currencies and the SDR was determined on the basis of a basket of 16 currencies, including the U.S. dollar, which accounted for approximately one-third of the value of the basket. From 1981 to 2000, the exchange rate between world currencies and the SDR was determined on the basis of a basket of five currencies, including the U.S. dollar. The currencies that determine the value of the SDR, the proportion of each of these currencies in the basket, and the financial instruments used in determining the interest rate on the SDR, are reviewed every five years. The adoption of the euro as the common currency for the initial 11 Member States of the European Union called for a change in the composition of the SDR basket. With effect from January 1, 2001, the SDR basket consists of four currencies: U.S. dollar, euro, Japanese yen and pound sterling. The currency weight of the U.S. dollar in the SDR basket initially was 45%, changing on a daily basis as a result of exchange rate fluctuations. On December 30, 2011, SDR 1 equaled EUR 1.18654.

SUBSCRIPTIONS OR COMMITMENTS BY THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC

TO INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL ORGANIZATIONS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2011

 

Name of organization

   Subscription or
commitment by the
Federal Republic(1)
     Amount paid in  
     (U.S. $ in millions)  

IMF(2)

     22,362.0         22,362.0   

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)(3)(4)

     8,733.9         542.9   

International Development Association (IDA)(3)(4)

     22,225.7         22,225.7   

International Finance Corporation (IFC)(3)(4)

     128.9         128.9   

European Investment Bank (EIB)(5)

     48,622.2         2,431.1   

African Development Bank (AfDB)(3)

     4,140.5         303.6   

African Development Fund (AfDF)(3)

     3,517.5         3,108.1   

Asian Development Bank (AsDB)(3)

     7,050.0         352.6   

Asian Development Fund (AsDF)(3)

     1,921.0         1,878.3   

Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)(3)

     1,913.7         82.3   

Inter-American Investment Corporation (IIC)(3)

     13.3         13.3   

Fund for Special Operations (FSO)(3)

     241.3         241.3   

International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)(3)

     359.7         375.2   

Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)(3)

     106.6         23.5   

Special Development Fund of the Caribbean Development Bank (SDF)(3)

     82.0         78.8   

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)(3)(5)

     2,618.9         689.6   

Council of Europe Development Bank (CEB)(3)(5)

     1,184.9         131.5   

 

(1) Subscriptions are in part committed in U.S. $, SDR or EUR. SDR or EUR commitments are converted to U.S. $ at year-end exchange rates, except that certain SDR commitments are converted at the fixed conversion rate of SDR 1 = U.S. $1.53527.
(2) Source: computation provided by the Ministry of Finance based on data provided by the IMF.
(3) Source: computation provided by the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development. AsDB: On April 29, 2009 the Board of Governors adopted Resolution No. 336 increasing authorized capital stock from U.S. $60.8 billion to U.S. $166.2 billion (each member may subscribe for additional shares pursuant to the Resolution at any time until December 31, 2010). SDF and IFAD: The amounts as of December 31, 2009.
(4) Source: IBRD and IDA: Worldbank Annual Report 2011 (June 30, 2011); IFC: Consolidated Financial Statements 2011 (June 30, 2011). The amount does not differentiate between amount subscribed and paid-in.
(5) Source: computation provided by the Ministry of Finance based on euro exchange rate of the European Central Bank at year-end 2011 of EUR 1 per U.S. $1.29390.

 

G-44


Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

 

 

No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus. You must not rely on any unauthorized information or representations. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the notes offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of this date.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

     4   

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

     5   

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

     10   

USE OF PROCEEDS

     15   

PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION

     15   

EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION

     15   

CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

     16   

FMS-WM

     17   

SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

     28   

ECONOMIC CONDITIONS AND MARKET DEVELOPMENTS

     30   

FINANCIAL REPORT – NET ASSETS, FINANCIAL POSITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

     33   

RISK REPORT

     39   

INTERNAL CONTROL / RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM RELEVANT TO THE FINANCIAL REPORTING PROCESS (ICS/RMS)

     59   

MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

     61   

DEBT RECORD

     64   

DESCRIPTION OF NOTES

     64   

CLEARING AND SETTLEMENT

     68   

RESPONSIBILITY OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC FOR FMS-WM

     73   

TAXATION

     74   

UNDERWRITING

     80   

LEGAL MATTERS

     82   

AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE

     83   

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

     83   

OFFICIAL STATEMENTS AND DOCUMENTS

     83   

LIMITATIONS ON ACTIONS AGAINST THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC

     83   

ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES

     83   

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

     84   

GENERAL INFORMATION

     84   

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

     F-1   

ANNEX A SCHEDULE OF FUNDED DEBT OUTSTANDING AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2011

     A-1   

THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

     G-1   

 

 

 

 

 

$2,000,000,000

FMS WERTMANAGEMENT

1.00% notes due 2017

 

LOGO

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Dates Referenced Herein   and   Documents Incorporated by Reference

This ‘424B1’ Filing    Date    Other Filings
9/8/21
8/1/21
7/5/21
6/17/21
5/17/21
4/6/21
2/16/21
1/20/21
12/28/18
8/3/18
3/15/18
11/21/17
8/12/17
10/14/16
6/3/16
5/24/16
3/1/16
2/15/16
10/15/15
8/24/15
3/27/15
3/15/15
2/18/15
12/15/14
11/21/14
10/24/14424B5
10/15/14
9/15/14
8/29/14424B5
8/26/14424B5
8/15/14
7/14/14
6/16/14
6/10/14
6/6/14
4/25/14
3/20/14
3/15/14
1/20/14
1/15/14
1/1/14
12/30/13
12/20/13
12/16/13
11/8/13
10/25/13
10/18/13
10/4/13
10/1/13
9/30/13
9/16/13
8/15/13
7/1/13
6/21/13
5/21/13
4/25/13
3/25/13
3/21/13
3/20/13
3/15/13424B5
3/13/13FWP
3/1/13
2/1/13
1/31/13
1/25/13
1/17/13
1/11/13
1/1/13
12/31/1218-K,  18-K/A
11/27/12
11/21/12
11/20/12
Filed on:11/16/12
11/15/12
11/14/12FWP
11/9/12
11/7/12S-B/A
11/2/12
10/30/12
10/23/12
10/22/12
10/19/12
10/17/12
10/11/12
10/9/12
10/8/12
10/7/12
9/30/12
9/29/12
9/28/12
9/17/12
9/6/12
8/23/12
8/15/12
8/14/12
7/20/12
7/16/12
7/4/12
7/3/12
6/30/12
6/29/12
6/27/12
6/15/12
6/8/12
5/26/12
5/15/12
5/11/12
5/10/12
5/4/12
5/3/12
5/1/12
4/27/12
4/25/12
4/18/12
4/17/12
4/11/12
3/31/12
3/30/12
3/28/12
3/22/12
3/15/12
3/14/12
3/13/12
3/9/12
3/7/12
3/6/12
3/2/12
3/1/12
2/28/12
2/27/12
2/24/12
2/15/12
2/2/12
1/31/12
1/27/12
1/26/12
1/25/12
1/22/12
1/20/12
1/19/12
1/12/12
1/1/12
12/31/1118-K,  18-K/A
12/30/11
12/28/11
12/23/11
12/22/11
12/13/11
12/12/11
12/8/11
12/5/11
12/1/11
11/30/11
11/3/11
10/27/11
10/26/11
10/18/11
10/6/11
9/15/11
8/7/11
8/4/11
7/21/11
7/20/11
7/1/11
6/30/11
3/22/11
1/27/11
1/1/11
12/31/10
12/29/10
12/16/10
12/7/10
10/1/10
9/30/10
9/20/10
9/12/10
9/1/10
8/25/10
8/20/10
7/26/10
7/8/10
5/10/10
1/1/10
12/31/09
12/17/09
12/2/09
12/1/09
10/14/09
9/27/09
4/29/09
1/1/09
12/31/08
2/21/08
12/13/07
1/1/07
5/17/06
7/1/05
6/18/05
6/3/03
11/4/02
1/1/02
1/1/01
1/1/99
12/31/98
6/1/98
1/1/93
 List all Filings 
Top
Filing Submission 0001193125-12-473722   –   Alternative Formats (Word / Rich Text, HTML, Plain Text, et al.)

Copyright © 2024 Fran Finnegan & Company LLC – All Rights Reserved.
AboutPrivacyRedactionsHelp — Sun., Apr. 28, 5:05:24.2am ET