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Pre-Effective Amendment to Registration Statement (General Form) · Form S-1
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2: EX-3.1 Articles of Incorporation/Organization or By-Laws 22 79K
3: EX-3.2 Articles of Incorporation/Organization or By-Laws 5 17K
4: EX-5.1 Opinion re: Legality 2± 7K
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S-1/A · Pre-Effective Amendment to Registration Statement (General Form)
Document Table of Contents
This is an EDGAR HTML document rendered as filed. [ Alternative Formats ]
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
May 21, 2007
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.
20549
AMENDMENT NO. 2
TO
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
LIMELIGHT NETWORKS,
INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as
specified in its charter)
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7389
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20-1677033
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(State or other jurisdiction
of
incorporation or organization)
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(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
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(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
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2220 W.
14th Street
(Address, including zip code,
and telephone number, including area code, of Registrant’s
principal executive offices)
Jeffrey W. Lunsford
Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer
Limelight Networks,
Inc.
2220 W.
14th Street
(Name, address, including zip
code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for
service)
Copies to:
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Mark L. Reinstra, Esq.
Mario M. Rosati, Esq.
Alexander D. Phillips, Esq.
Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, P.C.
650 Page Mill Road
Palo Alto, CA 94304-1050
(650) 493-9300
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Kevin P. Kennedy, Esq.
Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP
2550 Hanover Street
Palo Alto, CA 94304
(650) 251-5000
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Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the
public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of
this Registration Statement.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are being
offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to
Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
“Securities Act”), check the following
box. o
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an
offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act,
please check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration number of the earlier effective registration
statement for the same
offering. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to
Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following
box and list the Securities Act registration number of the
earlier effective registration statement for the same
offering. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to
Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following
box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of
the earlier effective registration statement for the same
offering. o
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to
Rule 434, check the following
box. o
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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Amount
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Proposed
Maximum
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Proposed
Maximum
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Title of Each
Class of
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to be
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Offering Price
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Aggregate
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Amount of
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Securities to be
Registered
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Registered(1)
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Per
Share
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Offering
Price(2)
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Registration
Fee(3)
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Common Stock, $0.001 par value
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16,560,000 shares
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$
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12.00
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$
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198,720,000
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$
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6,101
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(1)
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Includes common stock issuable upon
the exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase
additional shares.
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(2)
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Estimated solely for the purpose of
computing the amount of the registration fee pursuant to
Rule 457(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
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The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on
such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective
date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which
specifically states that this Registration Statement shall
thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a)
of the Securities Act or until the Registration Statement shall
become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange
Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may
determine.
The
information in this prospectus is not complete and may be
changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration
statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is
effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these
securities nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in
any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
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14,400,000 Shares
Common Stock
This is an initial public offering of shares of common stock of
Limelight Networks, Inc.
Limelight Networks is offering 11,400,000 of the shares to be
sold in
the offering. The selling stockholders identified in
this prospectus are offering an additional
3,000,000 shares. Limelight Networks will not receive any
of the proceeds from the sale of the shares being sold by the
selling stockholders.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the
common stock. It is currently estimated that the initial public
offering price will be between $10.00 and $12.00 per share.
Application has been made for listing on the Nasdaq Global
Market under the symbol “LLNW.”
See “Risk Factors” on page 8 to read about
factors you should consider before buying shares of the common
stock.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this
prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
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Per
Share
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Total
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Initial public offering price
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$
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$
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Underwriting discount
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Proceeds, before expenses, to
Limelight Networks
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Proceeds, before expenses, to the
selling stockholders
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To the extent that the underwriters sell more than
14,400,000 shares of common stock, the underwriters have
the option to purchase up to an additional 2,160,000 shares
from Limelight Networks at the initial public offering price
less the underwriting discount.
The underwriters expect to deliver the shares against payment in
New York, New York
on ,
2007.
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| Goldman,
Sachs & Co. |
Morgan
Stanley |
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| Jefferies &
Company |
Piper
Jaffray |
Friedman Billings
Ramsey
Prospectus
dated ,
2007
| Global, High Performance Content Delivery Network video music games social media LIMELIGHT NETWORKS TM |
PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in
this prospectus. Before deciding whether to buy shares of our
common stock, you should read this summary and the more detailed
information in this prospectus, including our financial
statements and related notes, and especially the discussion of
the risks of investing in our common stock under the heading
“Risk Factors.”
Limelight
Networks, Inc.
Limelight Networks is a leading provider of high-performance
content delivery network services. We digitally deliver content
for traditional and emerging media companies, or content
providers, including businesses operating in the television,
music, radio, newspaper, magazine, movie, videogame and software
industries. Using Limelight’s content delivery network, or
CDN, content providers are able to provide their end-users with
a high-quality media experience for rich media content,
including video, music, games, software and social media.
As consumer demand for media content over the Internet has
increased, and as enabling technologies such as broadband access
to the Internet have proliferated, consumption of rich media
content has become increasingly important to Internet end-users
and therefore to the content providers that serve them.
eMarketer estimates that at the end of 2006, nearly 60% of all
Internet users regularly watched videos online, and
approximately 80% are expected to do so by the end of 2010. We
developed our services and architected our network specifically
to meet the unique demands content providers face in delivering
rich media content to large audiences of demanding Internet
end-users. Our comprehensive solution delivers content providers
a high-quality, highly scalable, highly reliable offering at a
low cost. As of May 2007, approximately 800 customers are
using Limelight Networks to deliver the high-quality media
experiences that their consumers seek online.
Content providers seeking to deliver rich media content to
end-users via the Internet have two primary alternatives:
deliver content using basic Internet connectivity or utilize a
CDN. The basic Internet, which is a complex network of networks,
is effective for delivering many types of content but can be
ineffective for delivering rich media content with satisfactory
performance. Internet protocols are designed to reliably
transport data packets, but the packets can be lost or delayed
in transit. When data packets are lost or delayed during the
delivery of rich media content, the result is noticeable to
users because playback is interrupted. This interruption causes
songs to skip, videos to freeze and downloads to be slower than
acceptable for demanding consumers. This lack of performance and
its dramatic effect on user experience make the delivery of rich
media content via the basic Internet extremely challenging.
In response to this challenge, some content providers have
chosen to invest significant capital to build the infrastructure
of servers, storage and networks necessary to bypass, as much as
possible, the public Internet. The substantial capital outlay
and the development of the expertise and other technical
resources required to manage such a complex infrastructure can
be time-consuming and prohibitively expensive for all but the
largest companies. As a result, many companies have chosen to
rely on one or more CDNs for the delivery of their content. Most
early CDNs were built and configured to deliver the objects
typically found in basic
web sites such as photos or graphics,
but were not configured for the large files and large content
libraries associated with today’s rich media.
Benefits of our
Solution to Customers
We have designed our CDN solution specifically to handle the
demanding requirements of delivering rich media content over the
Internet. Our solution enables content providers to provide
their end-users with high-quality experiences across any digital
media type, content library size or audience
1
scale without expending the capital and developing the expertise
needed to build and manage their own networks. Our CDN solution
delivers the following benefits to our customers:
High-Quality
User Experience
We enable users to receive their requested content such as
movies, television shows, games, songs and software downloads in
a timely manner and to enjoy a high-quality media experience. We
accomplish this, in part, by delivering content from servers
that can be closer to users than a content provider’s own
servers, and by delivering more than half of our content volume
directly to a user’s access network, bypassing much of the
congestion typically experienced in the public Internet. We also
operate a dedicated high-speed (10 gigabits per second) backbone
that enables us to move content quickly between locations on our
network.
High
Scalability Across Media Type, Library Size, and Audience
Size
Our current global delivery capability exceeds 1 terabit per
second. This capacity allows us to support traffic spikes
associated with special one-time or unexpected events. Our
highly scalable infrastructure also enables us to maintain our
performance levels as our customers’ audiences grow, media
file sizes increase and content libraries expand.
High
Reliability
Our distributed CDN architecture, managed by our proprietary
software, seamlessly and automatically responds in real time to
network and data center outages. Each of our CDN locations
connects to multiple Internet backbone and broadband Internet
service provider networks, and has multiple redundant servers,
enabling us to continue serving content even if a particular
network connection or server fails.
Comprehensive
Solution
We can begin delivery services for a new customer within days of
a customer’s placement of an order. We also support both
download and streaming delivery in a broad variety of formats,
including Adobe Flash, MP3 audio, QuickTime, RealNetworks
RealPlayer and Windows Media. In addition, our value-added
services include a web-based customer portal that provides
management information reports and a download manager that
simplifies the downloading process for the end-user. Lastly, we
offer custom services to address customers’ non-standard
delivery needs.
Low Content
Delivery Costs
Our content delivery services enable customers to avoid the
substantial upfront and ongoing capital requirements of
upgrading and maintaining their data centers and networks in
order to deliver media content themselves. Customers benefit
from the lower cost associated with the delivery of content
using our infrastructure, which is designed specifically for
delivering rich media content, and the expertise we have
acquired from serving our customers.
Our
Strategy
Our strategic goal is to be the provider of choice in the
delivery of rich media content. Key elements of our strategy
include:
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Continuing to focus on customers with rich media content, a
market which we believe represents a stable and growing business
opportunity;
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Expanding our CDN infrastructure to address significant growth
opportunities and increase our market penetration in key
international markets, including Europe and the Asia Pacific
region;
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Continuing to innovate in order to enhance our content delivery
capabilities;
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2
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Expanding our CDN capacity to further advantages associated with
the scale of our network;
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Enhancing our sales and distribution channels to broaden our
customer relationships and deepen our penetration of existing
customer accounts; and
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Expanding our partner relationships to further complement our
service offerings.
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Risks Affecting
Us
There are numerous risks and uncertainties that may affect our
financial and operating performance and our growth. You should
carefully consider all of the risks discussed in “Risk
Factors,” which begins on page 8, before investing in
our common stock. These risks include the following:
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the limited operating history in our market, which makes
evaluating our business and future prospects difficult;
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the possibility that we might not manage our future growth
effectively;
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the possibility that we could be permanently enjoined from
offering our CDN services as a result of the patent infringement
lawsuit filed against us by Akamai Technologies, Inc. and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, which is similar to other
lawsuits in which the same plaintiffs have been at least
partially successful in the past;
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the highly competitive nature of the CDN market, and the adverse
consequences if we are unable to compete effectively; and
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the possibility that rapidly evolving technologies or new
business models could cause demand for our CDN services to
decline or could cause these services to become obsolete.
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Corporate
Information
We were formed as an Arizona limited liability company,
Limelight Networks, LLC, in June 2001 and converted into a
Delaware corporation, Limelight Networks, Inc., in August 2003.
Our principal executive offices are located at 2220 W.
14th Street,
Tempe,
Arizona 85281, and our telephone number
is
(602) 850-5000.
Our
website address is
www.limelightnetworks.com. The
information on, or accessible through, our
website is not part
of this prospectus. References in this prospectus to
“Limelight Networks,” “Limelight,”
“we,” “us” and
“our” refer to
Limelight Networks, Inc. and its
subsidiaries and predecessor
entity.
Limelight Networks and the Limelight Networks logo are
trademarks of Limelight Networks, Inc. All other trademarks,
service marks and trade names appearing in this prospectus are
the property of their respective owners.
3
THE
OFFERING
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Common stock offered by Limelight Networks |
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11,400,000 shares |
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Common stock offered by the selling stockholders |
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3,000,000 shares |
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Common stock to be outstanding after this offering |
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78,333,587 shares |
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Use of proceeds |
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We expect to use the net proceeds from this offering to fund
capital expenditures for network and other equipment, as well as
for working capital and other general corporate purposes. We
currently anticipate making aggregate capital expenditures of
approximately $35.0 million to $45.0 million in each
of 2007 and 2008, which will be partially funded by the net
proceeds of this offering. In addition, we intend to use
approximately $23.8 million of the net proceeds to repay
the outstanding balance under our credit facility. We also may
use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire complementary
businesses, products, services or technologies. We will not
receive any proceeds from the sale of shares in this offering by
the selling stockholders. See “Use of Proceeds.” |
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Proposed Nasdaq Global Market symbol |
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LLNW |
The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after
this offering is based on 66,933,587 shares outstanding as
of
March 31, 2007 and excludes:
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6,159,627 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of
options outstanding as of March 31, 2007 at a weighted
average exercise price of $2.94 per share;
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1,757,828 shares of common stock reserved for future
issuance under our Amended and Restated 2003 Incentive
Compensation Plan as of March 31, 2007, plus an additional
500,000 shares that we reserved for issuance under this
plan in April 2007; and
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7,500,000 shares of common stock reserved for future
issuance under our 2007 Equity Incentive Plan adopted in April
2007, subject to future adjustment as more fully described in
“Management — Employee Benefit Plans.”
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Unless otherwise noted, all information in this prospectus
assumes:
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no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase up
to an additional 2,160,000 shares of our common stock;
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a 3-for-2 forward stock split of our outstanding capital stock
that was effected in May 2007;
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the conversion of each outstanding share of preferred stock into
one share of common stock upon the closing of this
offering; and
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the filing of our amended and restated certificate of
incorporation prior to closing of this offering.
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4
Summary Financial
Data
The following tables provide our summary consolidated financial
data. The summary consolidated statement of operations data for
each of the three years in the period ended
December 31,
2006 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial
statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The summary
consolidated statement of operations data for the three months
ended
March 31, 2006 and
2007, and the actual summary
consolidated balance sheet data as of
March 31, 2007, have
been derived from our unaudited consolidated financial
statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our unaudited
summary consolidated financial data as of
March 31, 2007
and for the three months ended
March 31, 2006 and
2007 have
been prepared on the same basis as the annual consolidated
financial statements and include all adjustments, which include
only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair
presentation of this data in all material respects. You should
read this information together with
“Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and
related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our
historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results
to be expected in any future period.
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Three Months
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Ended
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Year Ended
December 31,
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March 31,
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2005
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2006
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2006
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2007
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(unaudited)
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(in thousands,
except per share data)
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Consolidated Statement of
Operations Data:
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Revenue
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$
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11,192
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$
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21,303
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$
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64,343
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$
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10,838
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$
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22,876
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Cost of revenue:
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Cost of services(1)
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4,834
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9,037
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25,662
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3,807
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9,809
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Depreciation — network
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775
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2,851
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10,316
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1,473
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4,688
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Total cost of revenue
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5,609
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11,888
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35,978
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5,280
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14,497
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Gross profit
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5,583
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9,415
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28,365
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5,558
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8,379
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Operating expenses:
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General and administrative(1)
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2,147
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4,107
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18,274
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1,571
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8,136
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Sales and marketing(1)
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2,078
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3,078
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6,841
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1,034
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3,018
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Research and development(1)
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231
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462
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3,151
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321
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1,285
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Depreciation and amortization
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69
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100
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226
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28
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137
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Total operating expenses
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4,525
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7,747
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28,492
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2,954
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12,576
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Operating income (loss)
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1,058
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1,668
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(127
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)
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2,604
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(4,197
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)
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Other income (expense):
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Interest expense
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(189
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)
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(955
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)
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(1,782
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)
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(505
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)
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(585
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)
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Interest income
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|
1
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
208
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
89
|
|
|
Other income (expense)
|
|
|
(48
|
)
|
|
|
(16
|
)
|
|
|
175
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other income (expense)
|
|
|
(236
|
)
|
|
|
(971
|
)
|
|
|
(1,399
|
)
|
|
|
(505
|
)
|
|
|
(496
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
|
|
822
|
|
|
|
697
|
|
|
|
(1,526
|
)
|
|
|
2,099
|
|
|
|
(4,693
|
)
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit) (2)
|
|
|
306
|
|
|
|
300
|
|
|
|
2,187
|
|
|
|
829
|
|
|
|
(258
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
$
|
516
|
|
|
$
|
397
|
|
|
$
|
(3,713
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,270
|
|
|
$
|
(4,435
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) allocable to
common stockholders
|
|
$
|
317
|
|
|
$
|
185
|
|
|
$
|
(3,713
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,245
|
|
|
$
|
(4,435
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) per common share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) per common
share — basic
|
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
(0.22
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.04
|
|
|
$
|
(0.20
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) per common
share — diluted
|
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
0.00
|
|
|
$
|
(0.22
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.03
|
|
|
$
|
(0.20
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares used in
calculating net income (loss) per common share — basic
|
|
|
34,688
|
|
|
|
34,737
|
|
|
|
25,592
|
|
|
|
35,188
|
|
|
|
21,886
|
|
|
Weighted average shares used in
calculating net income (loss) per common share —
diluted
|
|
|
38,420
|
|
|
|
40,526
|
|
|
|
25,592
|
|
|
|
42,951
|
|
|
|
21,886
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Operating Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Active customers at period end(3)
|
|
|
268
|
|
|
|
392
|
|
|
|
693
|
|
|
|
456
|
|
|
|
727
|
|
|
Revenue per customer
(in thousands)(4)
|
|
$
|
42
|
|
|
$
|
54
|
|
|
$
|
93
|
|
|
$
|
24
|
|
|
$
|
31
|
|
|
Adjusted EBITDA (in thousands)(5)
|
|
$
|
1,868
|
|
|
$
|
4,697
|
|
|
$
|
21,284
|
|
|
$
|
4,218
|
|
|
$
|
6,640
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Includes stock-based compensation as follows: |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31,
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of services
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
459
|
|
|
$
|
29
|
|
|
$
|
242
|
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
|
6,686
|
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
|
4,242
|
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
329
|
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
235
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1,660
|
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
|
851
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
14
|
|
|
$
|
94
|
|
|
$
|
9,134
|
|
|
$
|
112
|
|
|
$
|
5,570
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2) |
|
In 2006, approximately $7.6 million in stock-based
compensation expense was not deductible for tax purposes by us,
which resulted in the incurrence of income tax expense despite
our having generated a loss before income taxes in this period.
We expect to continue to incur non-deductible stock-based
compensation expense in the future. See “Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations — Basis of Presentation — Income
Tax Expense.” |
|
|
|
|
(3) |
|
We define active customers as those that generated revenue for
us within 30 days of the period end. |
|
|
|
|
(4) |
|
Revenue per customer equals revenue for the period divided by
the number of active customers with respect to each period. |
|
|
|
|
(5) |
|
We calculate Adjusted EBITDA as follows: |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31,
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
$
|
516
|
|
|
$
|
397
|
|
|
$
|
(3,713
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,270
|
|
|
$
|
(4,435
|
)
|
|
Plus: depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
844
|
|
|
|
2,951
|
|
|
|
10,542
|
|
|
|
1,502
|
|
|
|
4,825
|
|
|
Plus: interest expense
|
|
|
189
|
|
|
|
955
|
|
|
|
1,782
|
|
|
|
505
|
|
|
|
585
|
|
|
Less: interest income
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(208
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(89
|
)
|
|
Plus (less): income tax expense
(benefit)
|
|
|
306
|
|
|
|
300
|
|
|
|
2,187
|
|
|
|
829
|
|
|
|
(258
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EBITDA
|
|
$
|
1,854
|
|
|
$
|
4,603
|
|
|
$
|
10,590
|
|
|
$
|
4,106
|
|
|
$
|
628
|
|
|
Plus: stock-based compensation
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
|
9,134
|
|
|
|
112
|
|
|
|
5,570
|
|
|
Plus: litigation expenses
recoverable from escrow
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1,560
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
442
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted EBITDA
|
|
$
|
1,868
|
|
|
$
|
4,697
|
|
|
$
|
21,284
|
|
|
$
|
4,218
|
|
|
$
|
6,640
|
|
6
Our consolidated balance sheet data as of
March 31, 2007 is
presented:
|
|
|
| |
•
|
on an actual basis;
|
| |
| |
•
|
on a pro forma basis to give effect to the conversion of all
outstanding shares of preferred stock into shares of common
stock; and
|
|
|
|
| |
•
|
on a pro forma as adjusted basis to give effect to our receipt
of net proceeds from our sale of 11,400,000 shares of
common stock at an assumed initial public offering price of
$11.00 per share, the mid-point of the range on the cover
of this prospectus, after deducting the estimated underwriting
discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses
payable by us.
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of
March 31, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro Forma
|
|
|
|
|
Actual
|
|
|
Pro
Forma
|
|
|
As
Adjusted(1)
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
Consolidated Balance Sheet
Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
12,749
|
|
|
$
|
12,749
|
|
|
$
|
126,971
|
|
|
Working capital
|
|
|
15,390
|
|
|
|
15,390
|
|
|
|
129,612
|
|
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
|
42,535
|
|
|
|
42,535
|
|
|
|
42,535
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
79,123
|
|
|
|
79,123
|
|
|
|
193,345
|
|
|
Long-term debt, less current
portion (net of discount of $417)
|
|
|
20,640
|
|
|
|
20,640
|
|
|
|
20,640
|
|
|
Convertible preferred stock
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Total stockholders’ equity
|
|
|
38,325
|
|
|
|
38,325
|
|
|
|
152,547
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public
offering price of $11.00 per share would increase or
decrease, as applicable, our cash and cash equivalents, working
capital, total assets and total stockholders’ equity by
approximately $10.6 million, assuming the number of shares
offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this
prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated
underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. |
7
RISK
FACTORS
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk.
You should carefully consider the risks described below as well
as the other information contained in this prospectus, including
our consolidated financial statements and the related notes,
before deciding to purchase any shares of our common stock. The
occurrence of any of the following risks could harm our
business, prospects, financial condition or operating results.
In that case, the trading price of our common stock could
decline and you may lose part or all of your investment.
Risks Related to
Our Business
Our limited
operating history makes evaluating our business and future
prospects difficult, and may increase the risk of your
investment.
Our company has only been in existence since 2001. A significant
amount of our growth, in terms of employees, operations and
revenue, has occurred since 2004. For example, our revenue has
grown from $5.0 million in 2003 to $64.3 million in
2006. As a consequence, we have a limited operating history
which makes it difficult to evaluate our business and our future
prospects. We have encountered and will continue to encounter
risks and difficulties frequently experienced by growing
companies in rapidly changing industries, such as the risks
described in this prospectus. If we do not address these risks
successfully, our business will be harmed.
If we fail to
manage future growth effectively, we may not be able to market
and sell our services successfully.
We have recently expanded our operations significantly,
increasing our total number of employees from 29 at
December 31, 2004 to 168 at
April 30, 2007, and we
anticipate that further significant expansion will be required.
Our future operating results depend to a large extent on our
ability to manage this expansion and growth successfully. Risks
that we face in undertaking this expansion include: training new
sales personnel to become productive and generate revenue;
forecasting revenue; controlling expenses and investments in
anticipation of expanded operations; implementing and enhancing
our content delivery network, or CDN, and administrative
infrastructure, systems and processes; addressing new markets;
and expanding international operations. A failure to manage our
growth effectively could materially and adversely affect our
ability to market and sell our products and services.
A lawsuit has
been filed against us and an adverse resolution of this lawsuit
could cause us to incur substantial costs and liability or force
us to cease providing our CDN services altogether.
In June 2006, Akamai Technologies, Inc., or Akamai, and the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, or MIT, filed a lawsuit
against us in the U.S. District Court for the District of
Massachusetts alleging that we are infringing two patents
assigned to MIT and exclusively licensed by MIT to Akamai. In
September 2006, Akamai and MIT expanded their claims to assert
infringement of a third, recently issued patent. These two
matters have been consolidated by the Court. In addition to
monetary relief, including treble damages, interest, fees and
costs, the consolidated complaint seeks an order permanently
enjoining us from conducting our business in a manner that
infringes the relevant patents. A permanent injunction could
prevent us from operating our CDN altogether. The Court held a
claims construction hearing, known as a Markman hearing, on
May 17, 2007. We do not anticipate that we will receive a
ruling on this hearing before mid-June 2007, and the ruling may
come much later. Although the Court has not set a trial date,
based on the schedule currently in place, we believe it is
likely that the case will go to trial in 2008.
Akamai and MIT have asserted some of the patents at issue in the
current litigation in two previous lawsuits against different
defendants. Both cases were filed in the same district court as
the
8
current action, and assigned to the same judge currently
presiding over the lawsuit filed against us. In one case, Akamai
prevailed in part after a jury trial, securing an injunction
against the defendant on four claims of the asserted patent. The
appeals court upheld the injunction, though it held that two of
the four claims of the challenged patent were invalid. Neither
lawsuit resulted in settlement or in the issuance of a license
to the defendant before the trial. In addition, the second
lawsuit ended only when Akamai acquired the defendant prior to
final resolution of the case.
While we believe that the claims of infringement asserted
against us by Akamai and MIT in the present litigation are
without merit and intend to vigorously defend the action, we
cannot assure you that this lawsuit ultimately will be resolved
in our favor. An adverse ruling could seriously impact our
ability to conduct our business and to offer our products and
services to our customers. This, in turn, would harm our
revenue, market share, reputation, liquidity and overall
financial position. Whether or not we prevail in our litigation,
we expect that the litigation will continue to be expensive,
time-consuming and a distraction to our management in operating
our business.
We currently face
competition from established competitors and may face
competition from others in the future.
We compete in markets that are intensely competitive, rapidly
changing and characterized by vendors offering a wide range of
content delivery solutions. We have experienced and expect to
continue to experience increased competition. Many of our
current competitors, as well as a number of our potential
competitors, have longer operating histories, greater name
recognition, broader customer relationships and industry
alliances and substantially greater financial, technical and
marketing resources than we do. Our primary competitors include
content delivery service providers such as Akamai, Level 3
Communications (which recently acquired Digital Island, SAVVIS
Communications’ content delivery network services business)
and Internap Network Services Corporation (which recently
acquired VitalStream). Also, as a result of the growth of the
content delivery market, a number of companies are currently
attempting to enter our market, either directly or indirectly,
some of which may become significant competitors in the future.
Our competitors may be able to respond more quickly than we can
to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer
requirements. Some of our current or potential competitors may
bundle their offerings with other services, software or hardware
in a manner that may discourage content providers from
purchasing the services that we offer. In addition, as we expand
internationally, we face different market characteristics and
competition with local content delivery service providers, many
of which are very well positioned within their local markets.
Increased competition could result in price reductions and
revenue shortfalls, loss of customers and loss of market share,
which could harm our business, financial condition and results
of operations.
We may lose
customers if they elect to develop content delivery solutions
internally.
Our customers and potential customers may decide to develop
their own content delivery solutions rather than outsource these
solutions to CDN services providers like us. This is
particularly true as our customers increase their operations and
begin expending greater resources on delivering their content
using third-party solutions. For example, MusicMatch was our
most significant customer in 2004 and one of our top 10
customers in 2005, but following its acquisition by Yahoo! Inc.,
MusicMatch’s content delivery requirements were in-sourced
and it was not a customer of ours at all in 2006. If we fail to
offer CDN services that are competitive to in-sourced solutions,
we may lose additional customers or fail to attract customers
that may consider pursuing this in-sourced approach, and our
business and financial results would suffer.
Rapidly evolving
technologies or new business models could cause demand for our
CDN services to decline or could cause these services to become
obsolete.
Customers or third parties may develop technological or business
model innovations that address content delivery requirements in
a manner that is, or is perceived to be, equivalent or superior
to our CDN services. If competitors introduce new products or
services that compete with or surpass
9
the quality or the price/performance of our services, we may be
unable to renew our agreements with existing customers or
attract new customers at the prices and levels that allow us to
generate attractive rates of return on our investment. For
example, one or more third parties might develop improvements to
current
peer-to-peer
technology, which is a technology that relies upon the computing
power and bandwidth of its participants, such that this
technological approach is better able to deliver content in a
way that is competitive to our CDN services, or even that makes
CDN services obsolete. We may not anticipate such developments
and may be unable to adequately compete with these potential
solutions. In addition, our customers’ business models may
change in ways that we do not anticipate and these changes could
reduce or eliminate our customers’ needs for CDN services.
If this occurred, we could lose customers or potential
customers, and our business and financial results would suffer.
As a result of these or similar potential developments, in the
future it is possible that competitive dynamics in our market
may require us to reduce our prices, which could harm our
revenue, gross margin and operating results.
If we are unable
to sell our services at acceptable prices relative to our costs,
our revenue and gross margins will decrease, and our business
and financial results will suffer.
Prices for content delivery services have fallen in recent years
and are likely to fall further in the future. Recently, we have
invested significant amounts in purchasing capital equipment to
increase the capacity of our content delivery services. For
example, in 2006 we made $40.6 million in capital
expenditures, primarily for computer equipment associated with
the build-out and expansion of our CDN. Our investments in our
infrastructure are based upon our assumptions regarding future
demand and also prices that we will be able to charge for our
services. These assumptions may prove to be wrong. If the price
that we are able to charge customers to deliver their content
falls to a greater extent than we anticipate, if we
over-estimate future demand for our services or if our costs to
deliver our services do not fall commensurate with any future
price declines, we may not be able to achieve acceptable rates
of return on our infrastructure investments and our gross profit
and results of operations may suffer dramatically.
In addition, in 2007 and beyond, we expect to increase our
expenses, in absolute dollars, in substantially all areas of our
business, including sales and marketing, general and
administrative, and research and development. In 2007 and 2008,
as we further expand our CDN, we also expect our capital
expenditures to be generally consistent with the high level of
expenditures we made in this area in 2006. As a consequence, we
are dependent on significant future growth in demand for our
services to provide the necessary gross profit to pay these
additional expenses. If we fail to generate significant
additional demand for our services, our results of operations
will suffer and we may fail to achieve planned or expected
financial results. There are numerous factors that could, alone
or in combination with other factors, impede our ability to
increase revenue, moderate expenses or maintain gross margins,
including:
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failure to increase sales of our core services;
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significant increases in bandwidth and rack space costs or other
operating expenses;
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inability to maintain our prices relative to our costs;
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failure of our current and planned services and software to
operate as expected;
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loss of any significant customers or loss of existing customers
at a rate greater than our increase in new customers or our
sales to existing customers;
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failure to increase sales of our services to current customers
as a result of their ability to reduce their monthly usage of
our services to their minimum monthly contractual commitment;
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failure of a significant number of customers to pay our fees on
a timely basis or at all or failure to continue to purchase our
services in accordance with their contractual
commitments; and
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inability to attract high-quality customers to purchase and
implement our current and planned services.
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If we are unable
to develop new services and enhancements to existing services or
fail to predict and respond to emerging technological trends and
customers’ changing needs, our operating results may
suffer.
The market for our CDN services is characterized by rapidly
changing technology, evolving industry standards and new product
and service introductions. Our operating results depend on our
ability to develop and introduce new services into existing and
emerging markets. The process of developing new technologies is
complex and uncertain. We must commit significant resources to
developing new services or enhancements to our existing services
before knowing whether our investments will result in services
the market will accept. For example, we recently introduced our
Geo-Compliance paid service option, and we do not yet know
whether our customers will adopt this offering in sufficient
numbers to justify our development costs. Furthermore, we may
not execute successfully our technology initiatives because of
errors in planning or timing, technical hurdles that we fail to
overcome in a timely fashion, misunderstandings about market
demand or a lack of appropriate resources. Failures in execution
or market acceptance of new services we introduce could result
in competitors providing those solutions before we do, which
could lead to loss of market share, revenue and earnings.
We depend on a
limited number of customers for a substantial portion of our
revenue in any fiscal period, and the loss of, or a significant
shortfall in demand from, these customers could significantly
harm our results of operations.
During any given fiscal period, a relatively small number of
customers typically accounts for a significant percentage of our
revenue. For example, in 2006, revenue generated by sales to our
top 10 customers, in terms of revenue, accounted for
approximately 54% of our total revenue for the same period. One
of these top 10 customers, CDN Consulting, which acted as a
reseller of our services primarily to MySpace.com, represented
in excess of 21% of our total revenue for that period. In the
quarter ended
March 31, 2007, sales to this reseller
declined to approximately 2% of our revenue, and prospectively,
we do not expect sales to this reseller to be at levels
comparable to those achieved in 2006. In the past, the customers
that comprised our top 10 customers have continually changed,
and we also have experienced significant fluctuations in our
individual customers’ usage of our services. For example,
one of our top 10 customers in 2005 was no longer a customer at
all in 2006. In addition, our operating costs are relatively
fixed in the near term. As a consequence, we may not be able to
adjust our expenses in the short term to address the
unanticipated loss of a large customer during any particular
period. As such, we may experience significant, unanticipated
fluctuations in our operating results which may cause us to not
meet our expectations or those of stock market analysts, which
could cause our stock price to decline.
If we are unable
to attract new customers or to retain our existing customers,
our revenue could be lower than expected and our operating
results may suffer.
In addition to adding new customers, to increase our revenue, we
must sell additional services to existing customers and
encourage existing customers to increase their usage levels. If
our existing and prospective customers do not perceive our
services to be of sufficiently high value and quality, we may
not be able to retain our current customers or attract new
customers. We sell our services pursuant to service agreements
that are generally one to three years in length. Our customers
have no obligation to renew their
contracts for our services
after the expiration of their initial commitment period, and
these service agreements may not be renewed at the same or
higher level of service, if at all. Moreover, under some
circumstances, some of our customers have the right to cancel
their service agreements prior to the expiration of the terms of
their agreements. Because of our limited operating history, we
have limited historical data with respect to rates of customer
service agreement renewals.
11
This fact, in addition to the changing competitive landscape in
our market, means that we cannot accurately predict future
customer renewal rates. Our customers’ renewal rates may
decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors,
including:
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their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with our services;
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the prices of our services;
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the prices of services offered by our competitors;
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mergers and acquisitions affecting our customer base; and
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reductions in our customers’ spending levels.
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If our customers do not renew their service agreements with us
or if they renew on less favorable terms, our revenue may
decline and our business will suffer. Similarly, our customer
agreements often provide for minimum commitments that are often
significantly below our customers’ historical usage levels.
Consequently, even if we have agreements with our customers to
use our services, these customers could significantly curtail
their usage without incurring any penalties under our
agreements. In this event, our revenue would be lower than
expected and our operating results could suffer.
It also is an important component of our growth strategy to
market our CDN services to industries, such as enterprise and
the government. As an organization, we do not have significant
experience in selling our services into these markets. We have
only recently begun a number of these initiatives, and our
ability to successfully sell our services into these markets to
a meaningful extent remains unproven. If we are unsuccessful in
such efforts, our business, financial condition and results of
operations could suffer.
Our results of
operations may fluctuate in the future. As a result, we may fail
to meet or exceed the expectations of securities analysts or
investors, which could cause our stock price to
decline.
Our results of operations may fluctuate as a result of a variety
of factors, many of which are outside of our control. If our
results of operations fall below the expectations of securities
analysts or investors, the price of our common stock could
decline substantially. Fluctuations in our results of operations
may be due to a number of factors, including:
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our ability to increase sales to existing customers and attract
new customers to our CDN services;
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the addition or loss of large customers, or significant
variation in their use of our CDN services;
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costs associated with current or future intellectual property
lawsuits;
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service outages or security breaches;
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the amount and timing of operating costs and capital
expenditures related to the maintenance and expansion of our
business, operations and infrastructure;
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the timing and success of new product and service introductions
by us or our competitors;
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the occurrence of significant events in a particular period that
result in an increase in the use of our CDN services, such as a
major media event or a customer’s online release of a new
or updated video game;
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changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors;
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the timing of recognizing revenue;
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stock-based compensation expenses associated with attracting and
retaining key personnel;
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limitations of the capacity of our content delivery network and
related systems;
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the timing of costs related to the development or acquisition of
technologies, services or businesses;
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general economic, industry and market conditions and those
conditions specific to Internet usage and online businesses;
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limitations on usage imposed by our customers in order to limit
their online expenses; and
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geopolitical events such as war, threat of war or terrorist
actions.
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We believe that our revenue and results of operations may vary
significantly in the future and that
period-to-period
comparisons of our operating results may not be meaningful. You
should not rely on the results of one period as an indication of
future performance.
After being
profitable in 2004 and 2005, we became unprofitable in 2006
primarily due to significantly increased stock-based
compensation expense, which we expect will increase in 2007 and
may increase thereafter, and which could affect our ability to
achieve and maintain profitability in the future.
Our recent adoption of SFAS 123R for 2006 has substantially
increased the amount of stock-based compensation we record and
has had a significant impact on our results of operations. After
being profitable in 2004 and 2005, we became unprofitable in
2006 primarily due to this increase in stock-based compensation
expense, which increased from $0.1 million in 2005 to
$9.1 million in 2006. This increase reflects an increase in
the amount of option and restricted stock grants made in 2006
coupled with a reassessment of fair value of grants in 2006
resulting in a determination that the grants were below fair
value at the grant date. Our unrecognized stock-based
compensation totaled $29.1 million at
March 31, 2007,
of which we expect to amortize $10.6 million over the final
three quarters of 2007, $8.7 million in 2008 and the
remainder thereafter based upon the scheduled vesting of the
options outstanding at that time. We further expect our
stock-based compensation expense to increase in 2007 and
potentially to increase thereafter as we grant additional
options or restricted stock awards. The increased stock-based
compensation expense could adversely affect our ability to
achieve and maintain profitability in the future.
We generate our
revenue almost entirely from the sale of CDN services, and the
failure of the market for these services to expand as we expect
or the reduction in spending on those services by our current or
potential customers would seriously harm our business.
While we offer our customers a number of services associated
with our CDN, we generated nearly 100% of our revenue in 2006
from charging our customers for the content delivered on their
behalf through our CDN. As we do not currently have other
meaningful sources of revenue, we are subject to an elevated
risk of reduced demand for these services. Furthermore, if the
market for delivery of rich media content in particular does not
continue to grow as we expect or grows more slowly, then we may
fail to achieve a return on the significant investment we are
making to prepare for this growth. Our success, therefore,
depends on the continued and increasing reliance on the Internet
for delivery of media content and our ability to
cost-effectively deliver these services. Factors that may have a
general tendency to limit or reduce the number of users relying
on the Internet for media content or the number of providers
making this content available online include a general decline
in Internet usage, litigation involving our customers and
third-party restrictions on online content, including copyright
restrictions, digital rights management and restrictions in
certain geographic regions, as well as a significant increase in
the quality or fidelity of offline media content beyond that
available online to the point where users prefer the offline
experience. The influence of any of these factors may cause our
current or potential customers to reduce their spending on CDN
services, which would seriously harm our operating results and
financial condition.
Many of our
significant current and potential customers are pursuing
emerging or unproven business models which, if unsuccessful,
could lead to a substantial decline in demand for our CDN
services.
Because the proliferation of broadband Internet connections and
the subsequent monetization of content libraries for
distribution to Internet users are relatively recent phenomena,
many of our
13
customers’ business models that center on the delivery of
rich media and other content to users remain unproven. For
example, social media companies have been among our top recent
customers and are pursuing emerging strategies for monetizing
the user content and traffic on their
web sites. Our customers
will not continue to purchase our CDN services if their
investment in providing access to the media stored on or
deliverable through our CDN does not generate a sufficient
return on their investment. A reduction in spending on CDN
services by our current or potential customers would seriously
harm our operating results and financial condition.
We may need to
defend our intellectual property and processes against patent or
copyright infringement claims, which would cause us to incur
substantial costs.
Companies, organizations or individuals, including our
competitors, may hold or obtain patents or other proprietary
rights that would prevent, limit or interfere with our ability
to make, use or sell our services or develop new services, which
could make it more difficult for us to operate our business.
From time to time, we may receive inquiries from holders of
patents inquiring whether we infringe their proprietary rights.
Companies holding Internet-related patents or other intellectual
property rights are increasingly bringing suits alleging
infringement of such rights or otherwise asserting their rights
and seeking licenses. For example, in June 2006, we were sued by
Akamai and MIT alleging we infringed patents licensed to Akamai.
Any litigation or claims, whether or not valid, could result in
substantial costs and diversion of resources. In addition, if we
are determined to have infringed upon a third party’s
intellectual property rights, we may be required to do one or
more of the following:
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cease selling, incorporating or using products or services that
incorporate the challenged intellectual property;
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pay substantial damages;
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obtain a license from the holder of the infringed intellectual
property right, which license may not be available on reasonable
terms or at all; or
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redesign products or services.
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If we are forced to take any of these actions, our business may
be seriously harmed. In the event of a successful claim of
infringement against us and our failure or inability to obtain a
license to the infringed technology, our business and operating
results could be harmed.
Our business will
be adversely affected if we are unable to protect our
intellectual property rights from unauthorized use or
infringement by third parties.
We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and
trade secret laws and restrictions on disclosure to protect our
intellectual property rights. These legal protections afford
only limited protection, and we have no currently issued
patents. Monitoring infringement of our intellectual property
rights is difficult, and we cannot be certain that the steps we
have taken will prevent unauthorized use of our intellectual
property rights. We have applied for patent protection in a
number of foreign countries, but the laws in these jurisdictions
may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United
States. Furthermore, we cannot be certain that any pending or
future patent applications will be granted, that any future
patent will not be challenged, invalidated or circumvented, or
that rights granted under any patent that may be issued will
provide competitive advantages to us.
Any unplanned
interruption in the functioning of our network or services could
lead to significant costs and disruptions that could reduce our
revenue and harm our business, financial results and
reputation.
Our business is dependent on providing our customers with fast,
efficient and reliable distribution of application and content
delivery services over the Internet. Many of our customers
depend primarily or exclusively on our services to operate their
businesses. Consequently, any disruption of our services could
have a material impact on our customers’ businesses. Our
network or services could be disrupted by numerous events,
including natural disasters, failure or refusal of our
third-party
14
network providers to provide the necessary capacity, failure of
our software or CDN delivery infrastructure and power losses. In
addition, we deploy our servers in approximately 50 third-party
co-location facilities, and these third-party co-location
providers could experience system outages or other disruptions
that could constrain our ability to deliver our services. We may
also experience disruptions caused by software viruses or other
attacks by unauthorized users.
While we have not experienced any significant, unplanned
disruption of our services to date, our CDN may fail in the
future. Despite our significant infrastructure investments, we
may have insufficient communications and server capacity to
address these or other disruptions, which could result in
interruptions in our services. Any widespread interruption of
the functioning of our CDN and related services for any reason
would reduce our revenue and could harm our business and
financial results. If such a widespread interruption occurred or
if we failed to deliver content to users as expected during a
high-profile media event, game release or other well-publicized
circumstance, our reputation could be damaged severely.
Moreover, any disruptions could undermine confidence in our
services and cause us to lose customers or make it more
difficult to attract new ones, either of which could harm our
business and results of operations.
We may have
difficulty scaling and adapting our existing architecture to
accommodate increased traffic and technology advances or
changing business requirements, which could lead to the loss of
customers and cause us to incur unexpected expenses to make
network improvements.
Our CDN services are highly complex and are designed to be
deployed in and across numerous large and complex networks. Our
network infrastructure has to perform well and be reliable for
us to be successful. The greater the user traffic and the
greater the complexity of our products and services, the more
resources we will need to invest in additional infrastructure
and support. We have spent and expect to continue to spend
substantial amounts on the purchase and lease of equipment and
data centers and the upgrade of our technology and network
infrastructure to handle increased traffic over our network and
to roll out new products and services. This expansion is
expensive and complex and could result in inefficiencies,
operational failures or defects in our network and related
software. If we do not expand successfully, or if we experience
inefficiencies and operational failures, the quality of our
products and services and user experience could decline. From
time to time, we have needed to correct errors and defects in
our software or in other aspects of our CDN. In the future,
there may be additional errors and defects that may harm our
ability to deliver our services, including errors and defects
originating with third party networks or software on which we
rely. These occurrences could damage our reputation and lead us
to lose current and potential customers. We must continuously
upgrade our infrastructure in order to keep pace with our
customers’ evolving demands. Cost increases or the failure
to accommodate increased traffic or these evolving business
demands without disruption could harm our operating results and
financial condition.
Our operations
are dependent in part upon communications capacity provided by
third-party telecommunications providers. A material disruption
of the communications capacity we have leased could harm our
results of operations, reputation and customer
relations.
We lease private line capacity for our backbone from a third
party provider, Global Crossing Ltd. Our
contracts for private
line capacity with Global Crossing generally have terms of three
years. The communications capacity we have leased may become
unavailable for a variety of reasons, such as physical
interruption, technical difficulties, contractual disputes, or
the financial health of our third party provider. As it would be
time consuming and expensive to identify and obtain alternative
third-party connectivity, we are dependent on Global Crossing in
the near term. Additionally, as we grow, we anticipate requiring
greater private line capacity than we currently have in place.
If we are unable to obtain such capacity on terms commercially
acceptable to us or at all, our business and financial results
would suffer. We may not be able to deploy on a timely basis
enough network capacity to meet the needs of our customer base
or effectively manage demand for our services.
15
Our business
depends on continued and unimpeded access to third-party
controlled end-user access networks.
Our content delivery services depend on our ability to access
certain end-user access networks in order to complete the
delivery of rich media and other online content to end-users.
Some operators of these networks may take measures, such as the
deployment of a variety of filters, that could degrade, disrupt
or increase the cost of our or our customers’ access to
certain of these end-user access networks by restricting or
prohibiting the use of their networks to support or facilitate
our services, or by charging increased fees to us, our customers
or end-users in connection with our services. This or other
types of interference could result in a loss of existing
customers, increased costs and impairment of our ability to
attract new customers, thereby harming our revenue and growth.
In addition, the performance of our infrastructure depends in
part on the direct connection of our CDN to a large number of
end-user access networks, known as peering, which we achieve
through mutually beneficial cooperation with these networks. If
in the future a significant percentage of these network
operators elected to no longer peer with our CDN, the
performance of our infrastructure could be diminished and our
business could suffer.
If our ability to
deliver media files in popular proprietary content formats was
restricted or became cost-prohibitive, demand for our content
delivery services could decline, we could lose customers and our
financial results could suffer.
Our business depends on our ability to deliver media content in
all major formats. If our legal right or technical ability to
store and deliver content in one or more popular proprietary
content formats, such as Adobe Flash or Windows Media, was
limited, our ability to serve our customers in these formats
would be impaired and the demand for our content delivery
services would decline by customers using these formats. Owners
of propriety content formats may be able to block, restrict or
impose fees or other costs on our use of such formats, which
could lead to additional expenses for us and for our customers,
or which could prevent our delivery of this type of content
altogether. Such interference could result in a loss of existing
customers, increased costs and impairment of our ability to
attract new customers, which would harm our revenue, operating
results and growth.
If we are unable
to retain our key employees and hire qualified sales and
technical personnel, our ability to compete could be
harmed.
Our future success depends upon the continued services of our
executive officers and other key technology, sales, marketing
and support personnel who have critical industry experience and
relationships that they rely on in implementing our business
plan. In particular, we are dependent on the services of our
Chief Executive Officer, Jeffrey W. Lunsford and also our Chief
Technical Officer, Nathan F. Raciborski. Neither of these
officers nor any of our other key employees is bound by an
employment agreement for any specific term. In addition, we do
not have “key person” life insurance policies covering
any of our officers or other key employees, and we therefore
have no way of mitigating our financial loss were we to lose
their services. There is increasing competition for talented
individuals with the specialized knowledge to deliver content
delivery services and this competition affects both our ability
to retain key employees and hire new ones. The loss of the
services of any of our key employees could disrupt our
operations, delay the development and introduction of our
services, and negatively impact our ability to sell our services.
Our senior
management team has limited experience working together as a
group, and may not be able to manage our business
effectively.
Three members of our senior management team, our President and
Chief Executive Officer, Jeffrey W. Lunsford, our Chief
Financial Officer, Matthew Hale, and our Senior Vice President
of Worldwide Sales, Marketing and Services, David M.
Hatfield, have been hired since November 2006.
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As a result, our senior management team has limited experience
working together as a group. This lack of shared experience
could harm our senior management team’s ability to quickly
and efficiently respond to problems and effectively manage our
business.
We face risks
associated with international operations that could harm our
business.
We have operations and personnel in Japan, the United Kingdom
and Singapore, and we currently maintain network equipment in
France, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan, the Netherlands and the
United Kingdom. As part of our growth strategy, we intend to
expand our sales and support organizations internationally, as
well as to further expand our international network
infrastructure. We have limited experience in providing our
services internationally and such expansion could require us to
make significant expenditures, including the hiring of local
employees, in advance of generating any revenue. As a
consequence, we may fail to achieve profitable operations that
will compensate our investment in international locations. We
are subject to a number of risks associated with international
business activities that may increase our costs, lengthen our
sales cycle and require significant management attention. These
risks include:
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increased expenses associated with sales and marketing,
deploying services and maintaining our infrastructure in foreign
countries;
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competition from local content delivery service providers, many
of which are very well positioned within their local markets;
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unexpected changes in regulatory requirements resulting in
unanticipated costs and delays;
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interpretations of laws or regulations that would subject us to
regulatory supervision or, in the alternative, require us to
exit a country, which could have a negative impact on the
quality of our services or our results of operations;
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longer accounts receivable payment cycles and difficulties in
collecting accounts receivable;
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corporate and personal liability for violations of local laws
and regulations;
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currency exchange rate fluctuations; and
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potentially adverse tax consequences.
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Internet-related
and other laws relating to taxation issues, privacy and consumer
protection and liability for content distributed over our
network, could harm our business.
Laws and regulations that apply to communications and commerce
conducted over the Internet are becoming more prevalent, both in
the United States and internationally, and may impose additional
burdens on companies conducting business online or providing
Internet-related services such as ours. Increased regulation
could negatively affect our business directly, as well as the
businesses of our customers, which could reduce their demand for
our services. For example, tax authorities abroad may impose
taxes on the Internet-related revenue we generate based on where
our internationally deployed servers are located. In addition,
domestic and international taxation laws are subject to change.
Our services, or the businesses of our customers, may become
subject to increased taxation, which could harm our financial
results either directly or by forcing our customers to scale
back their operations and use of our services in order to
maintain their operations. In addition, the laws relating to the
liability of private network operators for information carried
on or disseminated through their networks are unsettled, both in
the United States and abroad. Network operators have been sued
in the past, sometimes successfully, based on the content of
material disseminated through their networks. We may become
subject to legal claims such as defamation, invasion of privacy
and copyright infringement in connection with content stored on
or distributed through our network. In addition, our reputation
could suffer as a result of our perceived association with the
type of content that some of our customers deliver. If we need
to take costly measures to reduce our exposure to
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these risks, or are required to defend ourselves against such
claims, our financial results could be negatively affected.
If we are
required to seek additional funding, such funding may not be
available on acceptable terms or at all.
We may need to obtain additional funding due to a number of
factors beyond our control, including a shortfall in revenue,
increased expenses, increase investment in capital equipment or
the acquisition of significant businesses or technologies. We
believe that our cash, plus cash from operations and the
proceeds from this offering will be sufficient to fund our
operations and proposed capital expenditures for at least the
next 12 months. However, we may need funding before such
time. If we do need to obtain funding, it may not be available
on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we are unable to
obtain sufficient funding, our business would be harmed. Even if
we were able to find outside funding sources, we might be
required to issue securities in a transaction that could be
highly dilutive to our investors or we may be required to issue
securities with greater rights than the securities we have
outstanding today. We might also be required to take other
actions that could lessen the value of our common stock,
including borrowing money on terms that are not favorable to us.
If we are unable to generate or raise capital that is sufficient
to fund our operations, we may be required to curtail
operations, reduce our capabilities or cease operations in
certain jurisdictions or completely.
Our business
requires the continued development of effective business support
systems to support our customer growth and related
services.
The growth of our business depends on our ability to continue to
develop effective business support systems. This is a
complicated undertaking requiring significant resources and
expertise. Business support systems are needed for:
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implementing customer orders for services;
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delivering these services; and
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timely billing for these services.
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Because our business plan provides for continued growth in the
number of customers that we serve and services offered, there is
a need to continue to develop our business support systems on a
schedule sufficient to meet proposed service rollout dates. The
failure to continue to develop effective business support
systems could harm our ability to implement our business plans
and meet our financial goals and objectives.
Changes in
financial accounting standards or practices may cause adverse,
unexpected financial reporting fluctuations and affect our
reported results of operations.
A change in accounting standards or practices can have a
significant effect on our operating results and may affect our
reporting of transactions completed before the change is
effective. New accounting pronouncements and varying
interpretations of existing accounting pronouncements have
occurred and may occur in the future. Changes to existing rules
or the questioning of current practices may adversely affect our
reported financial results or the way we conduct our business.
For example, our recent adoption of SFAS 123R in 2006 has
increased the amount of stock-based compensation expense we
record. This, in turn, has impacted our results of operations
for the periods since this adoption and has made it more
difficult to evaluate our recent financial results relative to
prior periods.
We will incur
significant increased costs as a result of operating as a public
company, and our management will be required to devote
substantial time to new compliance initiatives.
As a public company, we will incur significant accounting and
other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. These
expenses include increased accounting, legal and other
18
professional fees, insurance premiums, investor relations costs,
and costs associated with compensating our independent
directors. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well
as rules subsequently implemented by the Securities and Exchange
Commission and the Nasdaq Global Market, impose additional
requirements on public companies, including requiring changes in
corporate governance practices. For example, the listing
requirements of the Nasdaq Global Market require that we satisfy
certain corporate governance requirements relating to
independent directors, audit committees, distribution of annual
and interim reports, stockholder meetings, stockholder
approvals, solicitation of proxies, conflicts of interest,
stockholder voting rights and codes of conduct. Our management
and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of
time to these compliance initiatives. Moreover, these rules and
regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance
costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and
costly. For example, we expect these rules and regulations to
make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain
director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required
to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur
substantial additional costs to maintain the same or similar
coverage. These rules and regulations could also make it more
difficult for us to identify and retain qualified persons to
serve on our board of directors, our board committees or as
executive officers.
If we fail to
maintain proper and effective internal controls, our ability to
produce accurate financial statements could be impaired, which
could adversely affect our operating results, our ability to
operate our business and investors’ views of us.
We must ensure that we have adequate internal financial and
accounting controls and procedures in place so that we can
produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis. We will
be required to spend considerable effort on establishing and
maintaining our internal controls, which will be costly and
time-consuming and will need to be re-evaluated frequently. We
have very limited experience in designing and testing our
internal controls. We are in the process of documenting,
reviewing and, if appropriate, improving our internal controls
and procedures in anticipation of being a public company and
eventually being subject to Section 404 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which will require annual management
assessments of the effectiveness of our internal control over
financial reporting. In addition, we will be required to file a
report by our independent registered public accounting firm
addressing these assessments beginning with our Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended
December 31, 2008. Both we and our
independent auditors will be testing our internal controls in
anticipation of being subject to Section 404 requirements
and, as part of that documentation and testing, may identify
areas for further attention and improvement. Implementing any
appropriate changes to our internal controls may entail
substantial costs to modify our existing financial and
accounting systems, take a significant period of time to
complete, and distract our officers, directors and employees
from the operation of our business. These changes may not,
however, be effective in maintaining the adequacy of our
internal controls, and any failure to maintain that adequacy, or
a consequent inability to produce accurate financial statements
on a timely basis, could increase our operating costs and could
materially impair our ability to operate our business. In
addition, investors’ perceptions that our internal controls
are inadequate or that we are unable to produce accurate
financial statements may seriously affect our stock price.
Failure to
effectively expand our sales and marketing capabilities could
harm our ability to increase our customer base and achieve
broader market acceptance of our services.
Increasing our customer base and achieving broader market
acceptance of our services will depend to a significant extent
on our ability to expand our sales and marketing operations.
Historically, we have concentrated our sales force at our
headquarters in Tempe, Arizona. However, we have recently begun
building a field sales force to augment our sales efforts and to
bring our sales personnel closer to our current and potential
customers. Developing such a field sales force will be expensive
and we have limited knowledge in developing and operating a
widely dispersed sales force. As a result, we may not be
successful in developing an effective sales force, which could
cause our results of operations to suffer.
19
We believe that there is significant competition for direct
sales personnel with the sales skills and technical knowledge
that we require. Our ability to achieve significant growth in
revenue in the future will depend, in large part, on our success
in recruiting, training and retaining sufficient numbers of
direct sales personnel. We have expanded our sales and marketing
personnel from a total of 13 at
December 31, 2004 to 84 at
April 30, 2007. New hires require significant training and,
in most cases, take a significant period of time before they
achieve full productivity. Our recent hires and planned hires
may not become as productive as we would like, and we may be
unable to hire or retain sufficient numbers of qualified
individuals in the future in the markets where we do business.
Our business will be seriously harmed if these expansion efforts
do not generate a corresponding significant increase in revenue.
If the estimates
we make, and the assumptions on which we rely, in preparing our
financial statements prove inaccurate, our actual results may be
adversely affected.
Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
The preparation of these financial statements requires us to
make estimates and judgments about, among other things, taxes,
revenue recognition, share-based compensation costs, contingent
obligations and doubtful accounts. These estimates and judgments
affect the reported amounts of our assets, liabilities, revenue
and expenses, the amounts of charges accrued by us, and related
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We base our
estimates on historical experience and on various other
assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the
circumstances and at the time they are made. If our estimates or
the assumptions underlying them are not correct, we may need to
accrue additional charges that could adversely affect our
results of operations, investors may lose confidence in our
ability to manage our business and our stock price could decline.
As part of our
business strategy, we may acquire businesses or technologies and
may have difficulty integrating these operations.
We may seek to acquire businesses or technologies that are
complementary to our business. Acquisitions involve a number of
risks to our business, including the difficulty of integrating
the operations and personnel of the acquired companies, the
potential disruption of our ongoing business, the potential
distraction of management, expenses related to the acquisition
and potential unknown liabilities associated with acquired
businesses. Any inability to integrate operations or personnel
in an efficient and timely manner could harm our results of
operations. We do not have prior experience as a company in this
complex process of acquiring and integrating businesses. If we
are not successful in completing acquisitions that we may pursue
in the future, we may be required to reevaluate our business
strategy, and we may incur substantial expenses and devote
significant management time and resources without a productive
result. In addition, future acquisitions will require the use of
our available cash or dilutive issuances of securities. Future
acquisitions or attempted acquisitions could also harm our
ability to achieve profitability. We may also experience
significant turnover from the acquired operations or from our
current operations as we integrate businesses.
20
Risks Related to
this Offering
The trading price
of our common stock is likely to be volatile, and you might not
be able to sell your shares at or above the initial public
offering price.
The trading prices of the securities of technology companies
have been highly volatile. Further, our common stock has no
prior trading history. Factors affecting the trading price of
our common stock will include:
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variations in our operating results;
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announcements of technological innovations, new services or
service enhancements, strategic alliances or significant
agreements by us or by our competitors;
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commencement or resolution of, or our involvement in,
litigation, particularly our current litigation with Akamai and
MIT;
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recruitment or departure of key personnel;
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changes in the estimates of our operating results or changes in
recommendations by any securities analysts that elect to follow
our common stock;
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developments or disputes concerning our intellectual property or
other proprietary rights;
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the gain or loss of significant customers;
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market conditions in our industry, the industries of our
customers and the economy as a whole; and
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adoption or modification of regulations, policies, procedures or
programs applicable to our business.
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In addition, if the market for technology stocks or the stock
market in general experiences loss of investor confidence, the
trading price of our common stock could decline for reasons
unrelated to our business, operating results or financial
condition. The trading price of our common stock might also
decline in reaction to events that affect other companies in our
industry even if these events do not directly affect us. Each of
these factors, among others, could cause the value of your
investment in our common stock to decline. Some companies that
have had volatile market prices for their securities have had
securities class actions filed against them. If a suit were
filed against us, regardless of its merits or outcome, it could
result in substantial costs and divert management’s
attention and resources. This could harm our business and cause
our operating results and financial condition to suffer.
Our securities
have no prior market and our stock price may decline after the
offering.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for
shares of our common stock. Although we have applied to have our
common stock listed on the Nasdaq Global Market, an active
public trading market for our common stock may not develop or,
if it develops, may not be maintained after this offering. Our
company, the representatives of the underwriters and our
qualified independent underwriter will negotiate to determine
the initial public offering price. The initial public offering
price may be higher than the trading price of our common stock
following this offering. As a result, you could lose all or part
of your investment.
A significant
portion of our total outstanding shares are restricted from
immediate resale but may be sold into the market in the near
future. If there are substantial sales of our common stock, the
price of our common stock could decline.
The price of our common stock could decline if there are
substantial sales of our common stock in the public stock market
after this offering. After this offering, we will have
78,333,587 outstanding
21
shares of common stock based on the number of shares
outstanding as of
March 31, 2007. This includes
14,400,000 shares being sold in this offering, all of which
may be resold in the public market immediately following this
offering. The remaining 63,933,587 shares, or approximately
82% of our outstanding shares after this offering, are currently
restricted as a result of securities laws or
lock-up
agreements but will be able to be sold in the near future as set
forth below:
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Number
of
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shares and
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percentage of
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total
outstanding
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Date available
for sale into public market
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14,400,000 shares, or 18%
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Immediately after this offering.
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63,835,502 shares, or 81%
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Generally, 180 days after the
date of this prospectus due to
lock-up
agreements between certain of the holders of these shares and
the underwriters and to contractual arrangements between the
other holders of these shares and us, subject to a potential
extension under certain circumstances.
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98,085 shares, or less than 1%
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At various dates more than
180 days after the date of this prospectus.
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After this offering and the expiration of the lock-up period,
the holders of an aggregate of 44,138,255 shares of our
common stock as of
March 31, 2007, including entities
affiliated with one of our lead underwriters for this offering,
will have rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to
file registration statements covering their shares or to include
their shares in registration statements that we may file for
ourselves or other stockholders. We also intend to register the
issuance of all shares of common stock that we have issued and
may issue under our option plans. Once we register the issuance
of these shares, they can be freely sold in the public market
upon issuance. Due to these factors, sales of a substantial
number of shares of our common stock in the public market could
occur at any time. These sales, or the perception in the market
that the holders of a large number of shares intend to sell
shares, could reduce the market price of our common stock.
If securities or
industry analysts do not actively follow our business or if they
publish unfavorable research about our business, our stock price
and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our common stock will depend in part on
the research and reports that securities or industry analysts
publish about us or our business. We do not currently have and
may never obtain research coverage by securities and industry
analysts. If no securities or industry analysts commence
coverage of
our company, the trading price for our stock may be
negatively impacted. In the event we obtain securities or
industry analyst coverage, if one or more of the analysts who
covers us downgrades our stock or publishes unfavorable research
about our business, our stock price would likely decline. If one
or more of these analysts ceases coverage of
our company or
fails to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our stock
could decrease, which could cause our stock price and trading
volume to decline.
Insiders will
continue to have substantial control over us after this offering
and will be able to influence corporate matters.
Upon completion of this offering, our directors and executive
officers and their affiliates will beneficially own, in the
aggregate, approximately 66% of our outstanding common stock,
including approximately 39% beneficially owned by investment
entities affiliated with Goldman, Sachs & Co., our
co-lead underwriter in this offering, in each case assuming no
exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional
shares from us. These amounts compare to approximately 18% of
our outstanding
22
common stock represented by the shares sold in this offering,
also assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to
purchase additional shares from us. As a result, these
stockholders will be able to exercise significant influence over
all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the
election of directors and approval of significant corporate
transactions, such as a merger or other sale of
our company or
its assets. This concentration of ownership could limit your
ability to influence corporate matters and may have the effect
of delaying or preventing a third party from acquiring control
over us.
Because
affiliates of the co-lead underwriter for this offering hold a
substantial equity interest in us, the co-lead underwriter for
this offering may have interests that conflict with yours as an
investor in our common stock.
In July 2006, we completed the sale of our Series B
preferred stock to certain investors, after which sale certain
entities affiliated with Goldman, Sachs & Co., the
co-lead underwriter for this offering, held approximately 45% of
the outstanding shares of our capital stock, and will hold
approximately 39% after the completion of this offering. Because
affiliates of Goldman, Sachs & Co. own more than 10%
of our outstanding capital stock, Goldman, Sachs & Co.
is deemed to be an affiliate of ours under Rule 2720(b)(1)
of the NASD Conduct Rules and, therefore, the underwriters for
this offering may also be deemed to have a conflict of interest
under Rule 2720 of the NASD Conduct Rules. Accordingly,
this offering will be made in compliance with the applicable
NASD Conduct Rules, which require that the initial public
offering price can be no higher than that recommended by a
“qualified independent underwriter,” as defined by the
NASD. Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated is serving in
that capacity. We cannot assure you that the use of a qualified
independent underwriter will be sufficient to eliminate any
actual or potential conflicts of interest. For more information
regarding the role of the qualified independent underwriter in
this offering and other relationships we and our affiliates have
with the underwriters, we refer you to the disclosure under the
heading, “Underwriting.”
As a new
investor, you will experience substantial dilution as a result
of this offering and future equity issuances.
The initial public offering price per share is substantially
higher than the pro forma net tangible book value per share of
our common stock outstanding prior to this offering. As a
result, investors purchasing common stock in this offering will
experience immediate substantial dilution of $9.06 per share,
based on an assumed initial public offering price of $11.00 per
share, the mid-point of the range set forth on the cover page of
this prospectus. In addition, we have issued options to acquire
common stock at prices significantly below the initial public
offering price. To the extent outstanding options are ultimately
exercised, there will be further dilution to investors in this
offering. This dilution is due in large part to the fact that
our earlier investors paid substantially less than the initial
public offering price when they purchased their shares of common
stock. In addition, if the underwriters exercise their option to
purchase additional shares from us or if we issue additional
equity securities, you will experience additional dilution.
Anti-takeover
provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law could
discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company
and may affect the trading price of our common stock.
We are a Delaware corporation and the anti-takeover provisions
of the Delaware General Corporation Law may discourage, delay or
prevent a change in control by prohibiting us from engaging in a
business combination with an interested stockholder for a period
of three years after the person becomes an interested
stockholder, even if a change in control would be beneficial to
our existing stockholders. In addition, our restated certificate
of incorporation and amended and restated
bylaws may discourage,
delay or prevent a change in our management or control over us
that stockholders may consider favorable. Our restated
certificate of incorporation and amended and restated
bylaws,
which will be in effect as of the closing of this offering:
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authorize the issuance of “blank check” preferred
stock that could be issued by our board of directors to thwart a
takeover attempt;
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23
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establish a classified board of directors, as a result of which
the successors to the directors whose terms have expired will be
elected to serve from the time of election and qualification
until the third annual meeting following their election;
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require that directors only be removed from office for cause and
only upon a majority stockholder vote;
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provide that vacancies on the board of directors, including
newly created directorships, may be filled only by a majority
vote of directors then in office;
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limit who may call special meetings of stockholders;
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prohibit stockholder action by written consent, requiring all
actions to be taken at a meeting of the stockholders; and
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require supermajority stockholder voting to effect certain
amendments to our restated certificate of incorporation and
amended and restated bylaws.
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For more information regarding these and other provisions, see
the section titled
“Description of Capital
Stock — Anti-Takeover Effects of Delaware Law and our
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws.”
Our management
will have broad discretion over the use of the proceeds we
receive in this offering and might not apply the proceeds in
ways that increase the value of your investment.
Our management will have broad discretion to use the net
proceeds from this offering, and you will be relying on the
judgment of our management regarding the application of these
proceeds. Our management might not apply the net proceeds of
this offering in ways that increase the value of your
investment. We expect to use the net proceeds from this offering
for general corporate purposes, including working capital and
capital expenditures, which may in the future include
investments in, or acquisitions of, complementary businesses,
services or technologies, or the repayment of all or a portion
of our outstanding credit facility. We have not allocated these
net proceeds for any specific purposes. Our management might not
be able to yield a significant return, if any, on any investment
of these net proceeds. You will not have the opportunity to
influence our decisions on how to use the net proceeds from this
offering.
We do not intend
to pay dividends on our common stock.
We have never declared or paid any cash dividend on our common
stock. We currently intend to retain any future earnings and do
not expect to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future.
24
SPECIAL
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that involve
substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements, other than
statements of historical facts, included in this prospectus
regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial
position, future revenue, projected costs, prospects and plans
and objectives of management are forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to,
statements about:
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anticipated trends and challenges in our business and the
markets in which we operate;
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our ability to compete in our industry and innovation by our
competitors;
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our ability to establish and maintain intellectual property
rights, including the timing and potential consequences of our
current lawsuit with Akamai and MIT;
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our expectations regarding our expenses, sales and operations;
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our ability to attract and retain customers;
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our ability to anticipate market needs or develop new or
enhanced services to meet those needs;
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our ability to manage growth and to expand our infrastructure;
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our ability to manage expansion into international markets and
new industries;
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our ability to hire and retain key personnel;
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our expectations regarding the use of proceeds from this
offering;
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our ability to successfully identify and manage any potential
acquisitions; and
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our anticipated cash needs and our estimates regarding our
capital requirements and our need for additional financing.
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The words “anticipates,” “believes,”
“estimates,” “expects,” “intends,”
“may,” “plans,” “projects,”
“will,” “would” and similar expressions are
intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not
all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words.
We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or
expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements and you
should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking
statements. Actual results or events could differ materially
from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the
forward-looking statements that we make. We have included
important factors in the cautionary statements included in this
prospectus, particularly in the section entitled “Risk
Factors,” that we believe could cause actual results or
events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements
that we make. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the
potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers,
dispositions, joint ventures or investments we may make. The
forward-looking statements in this prospectus relate only to
events as of the date on which the statements were made. We do
not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking
statements, except as required by law.
25
USE OF
PROCEEDS
We estimate that we will receive net proceeds of approximately
$114.2 million from the sale of the shares of common stock
offered in this offering, based on an assumed initial public
offering price of $11.00 per share, the mid-point of the
range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after
deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and estimated
offering expenses payable by us. Each $1.00 increase or decrease
in the assumed initial public offering price of $11.00 per share
would increase or decrease, as applicable, the net proceeds to
us by approximately $10.6 million, assuming the number of
shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this
prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated
underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. If the
underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares is
exercised in full, we estimate that our net proceeds will be
approximately $136.3 million. We will not receive any
proceeds from the sale of shares of common stock in this
offering by the selling stockholders, although we will bear the
costs, other than underwriting discounts and commissions,
associated with the sale of these shares.
The principal purposes for this offering are to fund our capital
expenditures for network and other equipment, to increase our
working capital, to create a public market for our common stock,
to increase our ability to access the capital markets in the
future, to provide liquidity for our existing stockholders, to
repay certain indebtedness and for general corporate purposes.
We currently anticipate making aggregate capital expenditures of
approximately $35.0 million to $45.0 million in each
of 2007 and 2008, which will be funded by a combination of our
cash and cash equivalents, expected cash flows from operations
and the net proceeds of this offering. In addition, we intend to
use a portion of the proceeds of this offering to repay the
outstanding balance under our credit facility with Silicon
Valley Bank, which we have historically used for working capital
requirements. This credit facility carries a variable interest
rate based on the prime or LIBOR rate ranging from 0% to 3.25%
over the applicable rate and has maturation dates ranging from
2007 to 2011. At
March 31, 2007, the outstanding balance
under our credit facility with Silicon Valley Bank equalled
approximately $23.8 million.
We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire or
invest in complementary businesses, products or services, or to
obtain rights to such complementary technologies. We have no
commitments with respect to any such acquisitions or
investments. We may find it necessary or advisable to use the
net proceeds for other purposes, and we will have broad
discretion in the application of the net proceeds. Pending the
uses described above, we intend to invest the net proceeds in
short-term, interest-bearing, investment-grade securities.
DIVIDEND
POLICY
We have never declared or paid any dividends on our capital
stock. We currently expect to retain any future earnings for use
in the operation and expansion of our business and do not
anticipate paying any cash dividends. Any further determination
to pay dividends on our common stock will be at the discretion
of our board of directors and will depend on our financial
condition, results of operations, capital requirements and other
factors that our board of directors considers relevant.
26
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth our unaudited cash, cash
equivalents and capitalization as of
March 31, 2007. Our
cash, cash equivalents and capitalization is presented:
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on an actual basis;
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on a pro forma basis reflecting the filing of our amended and
restated certificate of incorporation and the conversion of each
outstanding share of preferred stock into one share of common
stock upon the closing of this offering; and
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On a pro forma as-adjusted basis to give effect to the sale of
shares of common stock by us in this offering at an assumed
initial public offering price of $11.00 per share, the
mid-point of the range set forth on the cover page of this
prospectus, and after deducting the estimated underwriting
discounts and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
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You should read this table together with the sections of this
prospectus entitled “Selected Consolidated Financial
Data” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and with
our consolidated financial statements and related notes
beginning on
page F-1.
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As of
March 31, 2007
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Pro Forma
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Actual
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Pro
Forma
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As
Adjusted(1)
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(unaudited)
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(in thousands,
except share
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and per share data)
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Cash and cash equivalents
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$
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12,749
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$
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12,749
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$
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126,971
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Long-term debt, less current
portion (net of discount of $417)
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$
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20,640
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$
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20,640
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$
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20,640
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Stockholders’ equity:
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Undesignated preferred stock,
$0.001 par value; no shares authorized, issued and
outstanding, actual; 7,500,000 shares authorized, no shares
issued and outstanding, pro forma and pro forma as adjusted
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—
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—
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—
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Convertible preferred stock,
$0.001 par value; 49,971,000 shares authorized,
44,940,261 shares issued and outstanding, actual; no shares
authorized, issued and outstanding, pro forma and pro forma as
adjusted
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Common stock, $0.001 par
value; 120,150,000 shares authorized,
21,993,326 shares issued and outstanding, actual;
150,000,000 shares authorized, pro forma and pro forma as
adjusted; 66,933,587 shares issued and outstanding, pro
forma; 78,333,587 shares issued and outstanding, pro forma
as adjusted
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
67
|
|
|
|
78
|
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
|
|
47,945
|
|
|
|
47,945
|
|
|
|
162,156
|
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive
loss
|
|
|
(198
|
)
|
|
|
(198
|
)
|
|
|
(198
|
)
|
|
Accumulated deficit
|
|
|
(9,489
|
)
|
|
|
(9,489
|
)
|
|
|
(9,489
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders’ equity
|
|
|
38,325
|
|
|
|
38,325
|
|
|
|
152,547
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total capitalization
|
|
$
|
58,965
|
|
|
$
|
58,965
|
|
|
$
|
173,187
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public
offering price of $11.00 per share would increase or decrease,
as applicable, the amount of additional paid-in capital, total |
27
|
|
|
|
|
|
stockholders’ equity and total capitalization by
approximately $10.6 million, assuming the number of shares
offered by us, as set forth on the cover of this prospectus,
remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting
discounts and commissions payable by us. |
The number of pro forma as-adjusted shares of common stock shown
as issued and outstanding is based on the number of shares of
our common stock outstanding as of
March 31, 2007 and
excludes:
|
|
|
| |
•
|
6,159,627 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of
options outstanding as of March 31, 2007 at a weighted
average exercise price of $2.94 per share;
|
|
|
|
| |
•
|
1,757,828 shares of common stock reserved for future
issuance under our Amended and Restated 2003 Incentive
Compensation Plan as of March 31, 2007, plus an additional
500,000 shares that we reserved for issuance under this
plan in April 2007; and
|
|
|
|
| |
•
|
7,500,000 shares of common stock reserved for future
issuance under our 2007 Equity Incentive Plan adopted in April
2007, subject to future adjustment as more fully described in
“Management — Employee Benefit Plans.”
|
28
DILUTION
Our net tangible book value as of
March 31, 2007 was
$37.5 million, or $0.56 per share of pro forma common
stock. Pro forma net tangible book value per share represents
the amount of our total tangible assets reduced by the amount of
our total liabilities and divided by the total number of shares
of common stock outstanding including shares of common stock
issued upon the conversion of all outstanding shares of our
preferred stock. Dilution in pro forma as adjusted net tangible
book value per share represents the difference between the
amount per share paid by purchasers of shares of common stock in
this offering and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book
value per share of common stock immediately after the completion
of this offering. After giving effect to the sale of the shares
of common stock offered by us at an assumed initial public
offering price of $11.00 per share, the mid-point of the
range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after
deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and estimated
offering expenses payable by us, our pro forma as adjusted net
tangible book value as of
March 31, 2007 would have been
$151.7 million, or $1.94 per share of common stock.
This represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible
book value of $1.38 per share to existing stockholders and
an immediate dilution of $9.06 per share to new investors
in our common stock. The following table illustrates this
dilution on a per share basis:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assumed initial public offering
price per share
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
11.00
|
|
Pro forma net tangible book value
per share as of March 31, 2007, before giving effect to
this offering
|
|
$
|
0.56
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase in pro forma net tangible
book value per share attributable to new investors
|
|
|
1.38
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma as adjusted net tangible
book value per share after giving effect to this offering
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.94
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dilution per share to new
investors in this offering
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
9.06
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public
offering price of $11.00 would increase or decrease, as
applicable, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value
per share after this offering by $0.14 per share and the
dilution in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value to new
investors by $0.86 per share, assuming the number of shares
offered by us, as set forth on the cover of this prospectus,
remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting
discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses
payable by us.
If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional
shares of our common stock in full in this offering, the pro
forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share after giving
effect to this offering would be $2.16 per share, and the
dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share to
investors in this offering would be $8.84 per share.
The following table summarizes, on a pro forma as adjusted basis
as of
March 31, 2007 and after giving effect to the
offering, based on an assumed initial public offering price of
$11.00 per share, the differences between existing
stockholders and new investors with respect to the number of
shares of common stock purchased from us, the total
consideration paid to us and the average price per share paid.
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
Purchased
|
|
|
Total
Consideration
|
|
|
Average Price
|
|
|
|
|
Number
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
Per
Share
|
|
|
|
|
Existing stockholders
|
|
|
66,933,587
|
|
|
|
85.4
|
%
|
|
$
|
133,103,000
|
|
|
|
51.5
|
%
|
|
$
|
1.99
|
|
|
New investors
|
|
|
11,400,000
|
|
|
|
14.6
|
|
|
|
125,400,000
|
|
|
|
48.5
|
|
|
|
11.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
78,333,587
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
$
|
258,503,000
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public
offering price of $11.00 per share would increase or decrease,
as applicable, total consideration paid by new investors and
total
29
consideration paid by all stockholders by approximately
$11.4 million, assuming that the number of shares offered
by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus,
remains the same.
If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional
shares in full, our existing stockholders would own 79.4% and
our new investors would own 20.6% of the total number of shares
of our common stock outstanding after this offering.
The above discussion and tables assume no exercise of
6,159,627 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise
of stock options outstanding as of
March 31, 2007 with a
weighted-average exercise price of approximately $2.94 per
share. If all of these options were exercised, then:
|
|
|
| |
•
|
pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share would
increase from $1.94 to $2.01, resulting in a decrease in
dilution to new investors of $0.07 per share;
|
|
|
|
| |
•
|
our existing stockholders, including the holders of these
options, would own 83.0% and our new investors would own 17.0%
of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding
upon the completion of this offering; and
|
|
|
|
| |
•
|
our existing stockholders, including the holders of these
options, would have paid 54.7% of total consideration, at an
average price per share of $2.07, and our new investors would
have paid 45.3% of total consideration.
|
30
SELECTED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The following tables provide our selected consolidated financial
data. The selected consolidated statement of operations data for
each of the three years in the period ended
December 31,
2006, and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of
December 31, 2005 and
2006 have been derived from our
audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in
this prospectus. The selected consolidated balance sheet data as
of
December 31, 2004 was derived from our audited
consolidated financial statements that are not included in this
prospectus. The selected consolidated statement of operations
data for the years ended
December 31, 2002 and
2003 and the
selected consolidated balance sheet data as of
December 31,
2002 and
2003 have been derived from our unaudited consolidated
financial statements that are not included in this prospectus.
The selected consolidated statement of operations data for the
three months ended
March 31, 2006 and
2007, and the
selected consolidated balance sheet data as of
March 31,
2007, have been derived from our unaudited consolidated
financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our
unaudited selected consolidated financial data as of
March 31, 2007 and for the three months ended
March 31, 2006 and
2007 have been prepared on the same
basis as the annual consolidated financial statements and
include all adjustments, which include only normal recurring
adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of this data in
all material respects. During the period from June 2001 through
August 2003, we operated as a limited liability company. The
share count and per share information for 2003 represents the
end-of-year
share count of the corporation. You should read this information
together with
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our
consolidated financial statements and related notes included
elsewhere in this prospectus. Our historical results are not
necessarily indicative of the results to be expected in any
future period.
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Limelight
Networks, LLC
|
|
|
Limelight
Networks, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eight Months
|
|
|
Four Months
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
August 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31,
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands,
except per share data)
|
|
|
Consolidated Statement of
Operations Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue
|
|
$
|
1,908
|
|
|
$
|
3,353
|
|
|
$
|
1,677
|
|
|
$
|
11,192
|
|
|
$
|
21,303
|
|
|
$
|
64,343
|
|
|
$
|
10,838
|
|
|
$
|
22,876
|
|
|
Cost of revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of services(1)
|
|
|
1,164
|
|
|
|
1,909
|
|
|
|
954
|
|
|
|
4,834
|
|
|
|
9,037
|
|
|
|
25,662
|
|
|
|
3,807
|
|
|
|
9,809
|
|
|
Depreciation — network
|
|
|
108
|
|
|
|
168
|
|
|
|
84
|
|
|
|
775
|
|
|
|
2,851
|
|
|
|
10,316
|
|
|
|
1,473
|
|
|
|
4,688
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
|
1,272
|
|
|
|
2,077
|
|
|
|
1,038
|
|
|
|
5,609
|
|
|
|
11,888
|
|
|
|
35,978
|
|
|
|
5,280
|
|
|
|
14,497
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
636
|
|
|
|
1,277
|
|
|
|
638
|
|
|
|
5,583
|
|
|
|
9,415
|
|
|
|
28,365
|
|
|
|
5,558
|
|
|
|
8,379
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative(1)
|
|
|
798
|
|
|
|
866
|
|
|
|
432
|
|
|
|
2,147
|
|
|
|
4,107
|
|
|
|
18,274
|
|
|
|
1,571
|
|
|
|
8,136
|
|
|
Sales and marketing(1)
|
|
|
708
|
|
|
|
689
|
|
|
|
345
|
|
|
|
2,078
|
|
|
|
3,078
|
|
|
|
6,841
|
|
|
|
1,034
|
|
|
|
3,018
|
|
|
Research and development(1)
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
|
101
|
|
|
|
51
|
|
|
|
231
|
|
|
|
462
|
|
|
|
3,151
|
|
|
|
321
|
|
|
|
1,285
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
|
69
|
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
226
|
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
137
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
1,581
|
|
|
|
1,681
|
|
|
|
840
|
|
|
|
4,525
|
|
|
|
7,747
|
|
|
|
28,492
|
|
|
|
2,954
|
|
|
|
12,576
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income (loss)
|
|
|
(945
|
)
|
|
|
(404
|
)
|
|
|
(202
|
)
|
|
|
1,058
|
|
|
|
1,668
|
|
|
|
(127
|
)
|
|
|
2,604
|
|
|
|
(4,197
|
)
|
|
Other income (expense):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(45
|
)
|
|
|
(46
|
)
|
|
|
(23
|
)
|
|
|
(189
|
)
|
|
|
(955
|
)
|
|
|
(1,782
|
)
|
|
|
(505
|
)
|
|
|
(585
|
)
|
|
Interest income
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
208
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
89
|
|
|
Other income (expense)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
|
(48
|
)
|
|
|
(16
|
)
|
|
|
175
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other income (expense)
|
|
|
(45
|
)
|
|
|
(35
|
)
|
|
|
(17
|
)
|
|
|
(236
|
)
|
|
|
(971
|
)
|
|
|
(1,399
|
)
|
|
|
(505
|
)
|
|
|
(496
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
|
|
(990
|
)
|
|
|
(439
|
)
|
|
|
(219
|
)
|
|
|
822
|
|
|
|
697
|
|
|
|
(1,526
|
)
|
|
|
2,099
|
|
|
|
(4,693
|
)
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit)(2)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(34
|
)
|
|
|
(17
|
)
|
|
|
306
|
|
|
|
300
|
|
|
|
2,187
|
|
|
|
829
|
|
|
|
(258
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
$
|
(990
|
)
|
|
$
|
(405
|
)
|
|
$
|
(202
|
)
|
|
$
|
516
|
|
|
$
|
397
|
|
|
$
|
(3,713
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,270
|
|
|
$
|
(4,435
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) allocable to
common stockholders
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(607
|
)
|
|
$
|
317
|
|
|
$
|
185
|
|
|
$
|
(3,713
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,245
|
|
|
$
|
(4,435
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) per common share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) per common
share — basic
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(0.02
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
(0.22
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.04
|
|
|
$
|
(0.20
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) per common
share — diluted
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(0.02
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
0.00
|
|
|
$
|
(0.22
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.03
|
|
|
$
|
(0.20
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Limelight
Networks, LLC
|
|
|
Limelight
Networks, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eight Months
|
|
|
Four Months
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
August 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31,
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands,
except per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares used in
calculating net income (loss) per common share — basic
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
34,618
|
|
|
|
34,688
|
|
|
|
34,737
|
|
|
|
25,592
|
|
|
|
35,188
|
|
|
|
21,886
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares used in
calculating net income (loss) per common share —
diluted
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
38,420
|
|
|
|
38,957
|
|
|
|
40,526
|
|
|
|
25,592
|
|
|
|
42,951
|
|
|
|
21,886
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
Includes stock-based compensation
as follows:
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Limelight
Networks, LLC
|
|
|
Limelight
Networks, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eight Months
|
|
|
Four Months
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
August 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31,
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
Cost of services
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
459
|
|
|
$
|
29
|
|
|
$
|
242
|
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
|
6,686
|
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
|
4,242
|
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
329
|
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
235
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1,660
|
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
|
851
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
14
|
|
|
$
|
94
|
|
|
$
|
9,134
|
|
|
$
|
112
|
|
|
$
|
5,570
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
In 2006, approximately
$7.6 million in stock-based compensation expense was not
deductible for tax purposes by us, which resulted in us
incurring income tax expense despite our having generated a loss
before income taxes in this period. We expect to continue to
incur non-deductible stock-based compensation expense in the
future. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Basis
of Presentation — Income Tax Expense.”
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Limelight
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Networks,
LLC
|
|
|
Limelight
Networks, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consolidated Balance Sheet
Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
25
|
|
|
$
|
97
|
|
|
$
|
536
|
|
|
$
|
1,536
|
|
|
$
|
7,611
|
|
|
$
|
12,749
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Working capital (deficit)
|
|
|
(1,122
|
)
|
|
|
(636
|
)
|
|
|
(695
|
)
|
|
|
(1,827
|
)
|
|
|
14,033
|
|
|
|
15,390
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
|
440
|
|
|
|
1,080
|
|
|
|
3,018
|
|
|
|
11,986
|
|
|
|
41,784
|
|
|
|
42,535
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
735
|
|
|
|
2,127
|
|
|
|
5,718
|
|
|
|
19,583
|
|
|
|
73,928
|
|
|
|
79,123
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt, less current portion
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
461
|
|
|
|
8,809
|
|
|
|
20,415
|
|
|
|
20,640
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Convertible preferred stock
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders’ equity
|
|
|
857
|
|
|
|
174
|
|
|
|
1,239
|
|
|
|
1,823
|
|
|
|
36,589
|
|
|
|
38,325
|
|
|
|
|
|
32
MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This management discussion of our financial condition and
results of operations should be read together with the
consolidated financial statements and related notes that are
included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains
forward-looking statements, which are based on current
expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual
results and the timing of events may differ materially from
those contained in these forward-looking statements due to a
number of factors, including those discussed in the section
entitled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this
prospectus.
Overview
We were founded in 2001 as a provider of content delivery
network, or CDN, services to deliver rich media over the
Internet. We began development of our infrastructure in 2001 and
began generating meaningful revenue in 2002. As of
May 2007, we had approximately 800 customers
worldwide. Since inception, we have grown our revenue to
$64.3 million in 2006 and $22.9 million in the three
months ended
March 31, 2007. We achieved full-year
profitability for the first time in 2004, and we were again
profitable on a full-year basis in 2005. During 2006 and in the
three months ended
March 31, 2007, we were unprofitable
primarily due to an increase in our stock-based compensation and
litigation expenses.
We primarily derive revenue from the sale of CDN services to our
customers. These services include delivery of digital media,
including video, music, games, software and social media. We
generate revenue by charging customers on a per-gigabyte basis,
or on a variable basis based on peak delivery rate for a fixed
period of time, as our services are used.
The following table sets forth our historical operating results,
as a percentage of revenue for the periods indicated:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
December 31,
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
Consolidated Statement of
Operations Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
Cost of revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of services
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
Depreciation — network
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
|
49
|
|
|
|
63
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross margin
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
51
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income (loss)
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
|
(18
|
)
|
|
Other income (expense):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
Interest income
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Other income (expense)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other income (expense)
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
(21
|
)
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit)
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
|
4
|
%
|
|
|
2
|
%
|
|
|
(6
|
)%
|
|
|
12
|
%
|
|
|
(19
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
33
We have observed a number of trends in our business that are
likely to have an impact on our financial condition and results
of operations in the foreseeable future. Traffic on our network
has grown in the last three years. This traffic growth is the
result of growth in the number of new
contracts, as well as
growth in the traffic delivered to existing customers. Our
near-exclusive focus is on providing CDN services, which we
consider to be our sole industry segment.
Historically, we have derived a small portion of our revenue
from outside of the United States. Our international revenue has
grown recently, and we expect this trend to continue as we focus
on our strategy of expanding our network and customer base
internationally. For 2005 and 2006, 5% and 8%, respectively, of
our revenue was derived outside of the United States, of which
nearly all was derived from operations in Europe. We generated
no revenue from outside the United Sates in 2004. We expect
foreign revenue in 2007 will grow in absolute dollars and as a
percentage of total revenue from what we have experienced
historically. Our business is managed as a single geographic
segment, and we report our financial results on this basis.
During any given fiscal period, a relatively small number of
customers typically account for a significant percentage of our
revenue. For example, in 2006, revenue generated from sales to
our top 10 customers, in terms of revenue, accounted for
approximately 54% of our total revenue. One of these top 10
customers, CDN Consulting, which acted as a reseller of our
services primarily to MySpace.com, represented approximately 21%
of our total revenue for that period. In the quarter ended
March 31, 2007, sales to this reseller declined to
approximately 2% of our revenue, and prospectively, we do not
expect sales to this reseller to be at levels comparable to
those achieved in 2006. In 2005, no single customer accounted
for more than 10% of our revenue, and in 2004, MusicMatch
accounted for 13% of our revenue. We anticipate customer
concentration levels will decline compared to prior years as our
customer base continues to grow and diversify. In addition to
selling to our direct customers, we maintain relationships with
a number of resellers that purchase our services and charge a
mark-up to
their end customers. Revenue generated from sales to direct and
reseller customers accounted for approximately 79% and 21% of
our revenue in 2006 and approximately 98% and 2% of our revenue
in the quarter ended
March 31, 2007, respectively.
In addition to these revenue-related business trends, our cost
of revenue as a percentage of revenue has risen since 2004
primarily related to increased depreciation associated with
increased investments to build out the capacity of our network.
This increase, however, has been partially offset by a reduction
in the cost of bandwidth as a percentage of revenue. Operating
expense has increased in absolute dollars each period as revenue
has increased. Beginning in the second half of 2006, these
increases accelerated due to stock-based compensation and
litigation-related expenses.
We make our capital investment decisions based upon careful
evaluation of a number of variables, such as the amount of
traffic we anticipate on our network, the cost of the physical
infrastructure required to deliver that traffic, and the
forecasted capacity utilization of our network. Our capital
expenditures have increased substantially over time, in
particular as we purchased servers and other computer equipment
associated with our network build-out. For example, in 2004,
2005 and 2006, we made capital expenditures of
$2.6 million, $10.9 million and $40.6 million,
respectively. The substantial increase in capital expenditures
in 2006, in particular, was related to a significant increase in
our network capacity, reflecting our expectation for additional
demand for our services. In the future, we expect these
investments to be generally consistent in absolute dollars with
our expenditures in 2006 and to decrease as a percentage of
total revenue.
A significant portion of our historical capital expenditures
involved related party transactions, in which we expended an
aggregate of $2.1 million, $7.4 million and
$29.9 million on server hardware in 2004, 2005 and 2006,
respectively, from a supplier owned by one of our founders. This
founder has recently divested himself of his ownership position
in this supplier. In other transactions unrelated to this
supplier relationship, we have also generated revenue from
certain customers that are entities related to certain of our
founders. The aggregate amounts of revenue derived from these
related party
34
transactions were $0.2 million, $0.2 million and
$0.3 million in 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. We
believe that all of our related party transactions reflected
arm’s length terms.
We are currently engaged in litigation with one of our principal
competitors, Akamai Technologies, Inc., or Akamai, and its
licensor, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, or MIT, in
which these parties have alleged that we are infringing three of
their patents. Although no trial date has been set, based on the
schedule currently in place, we believe this case will go to
trial in 2008. Our legal and other expenses associated with this
case have been significant to date, including aggregate
expenditures of $3.1 million in 2006. We have reflected the
full amount of these litigation expenses in our 2006 general and
administrative expenses, as reported in our consolidated
statement of operations. We expect that these expenses will
continue to remain significant and may increase as a trial date
approaches. We expect to offset one-half of the cash impact of
these litigation expenses through the availability of an escrow
fund established in connection with our Series B preferred
stock financing. This escrow account was established with an
initial balance of approximately $10.1 million to serve as
security for the indemnification obligations of our stockholders
tendering shares in that financing. In May 2007, we, the
tendering stockholders and the Series B preferred stock
investors agreed to distribute $3.7 million of the escrow
account to the tendering stockholders upon the closing of this
offering. As of the closing of this offering, approximately
$3.3 million will remain in the escrow account. The escrow
account will be drawn down as we incur Akamai-related litigation
expenses. Any cash reimbursed from this escrow account will be
recorded as additional paid-in capital. The cash offset from the
litigation expense funded through the escrow account is recorded
on our balance sheet in paid-in capital.
We were profitable in 2004 and 2005. During 2006, we became
unprofitable primarily due to an increase in our stock-based
compensation expense, which increased from $0.1 million in
2005 to $9.1 million in 2006, and litigation expenses of
$3.2 million. The significant increase in stock-based
compensation reflects an increase in the level of option and
restricted stock grants coupled with a significant increase in
the fair market value per share at the date of grant.
Our future results will be affected by many factors identified
below and in the section of this prospectus entitled “Risk
Factors,” including our ability to:
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•
|
increase our revenue by adding customers and limiting customer
cancellations and terminations, as well as increasing the amount
of monthly recurring revenue that we derive from our existing
customers;
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•
|
manage the prices we charge for our services, as well as the
costs associated with operating our network;
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| |
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•
|
successfully manage our litigation with Akamai and MIT to
conclusion; and
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| |
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•
|
prevent disruptions to our services and network due to accidents
or intentional attacks.
|
As a result, we cannot assure you that we will achieve our
expected financial objectives, including positive net income.
Basis of
Presentation
Revenue
We primarily derive revenue from the sale of CDN services to our
customers. These services include delivery of digital media,
including video, music, games, software and social media. We
generate revenue by charging customers on a per-gigabyte basis,
or on a variable basis based on peak delivery rate for a fixed
period of time, as our services are used. Our customer
agreements relating to these recurring services generally have a
term of one to three years. However, some of our
contracts with
large customers operate on a
month-to-month
basis. The majority of our agreements generally commit the
customer to a minimum monthly level of usage and provide the
rate at which the customer must pay for actual usage above the
monthly minimum. Our customer agreements typically
35
renew automatically at the end of the initial term for an
additional period unless the customer elects not to renew. Based
on service usage experience, we and our customers often
negotiate revised monthly minimum usage levels or other modified
services or terms during a commitment period. For example, in
exchange for increased minimum usage levels, we often agree to a
reduced per-gigabyte pricing structure. Historically, we have
derived substantially all of our revenue from these recurring
service arrangements, which accounted for 94%, 98% and 99% of
our revenue in 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively.
Cost of
Revenue
Cost of revenue consists of costs related to the delivery of
services, as well as the depreciation costs associated with our
network. Costs related to the delivery of our services include:
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•
|
fees related to bandwidth provided by network operators;
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| |
| |
•
|
fees paid for the lease of private line capacity for our
backbone;
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| |
| |
•
|
fees paid for co-location services, which are the housing of
servers in third-party data centers;
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| |
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•
|
network operations employee costs, including stock-based
compensation expense; and
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•
|
costs associated with licenses.
|
We enter into
contracts with third-party network and data center
providers, with terms typically ranging from several months to
several years. Our
contracts related to bandwidth provided by
network operators generally commit us to pay either a fixed
monthly fee or monthly fees plus additional fees for bandwidth
usage above a contracted level. Our master
contract with Global
Crossing provides for the lease of private lines of varying
capacity for our backbone, at fixed monthly fees with
commitments ranging from 2 to 3 years. In addition to
purchasing services from communications providers, we connect
directly to many Internet service providers, or ISPs, generally
without either party paying the other. This industry practice,
known as peering, benefits us by allowing us to place content
objects directly on user access networks, which helps us provide
higher performance delivery for our customers. This practice
also benefits the ISP and its customers by allowing them to
receive improved content delivery through our local servers. We
do not consider these relationships to represent the culmination
of an earnings process. Accordingly, we do not recognize as
revenue the value to the ISPs associated with the use of our
servers nor do we recognize as expense the value of the
bandwidth received at discounted or no cost.
During 2006, we continued to reduce our network bandwidth costs
per gigabyte transferred by entering into new supplier
contracts
with lower pricing and amending existing
contracts to take
advantage of price reductions from our existing suppliers.
However, due to increased traffic delivered over our network,
our total bandwidth costs increased during 2006. We anticipate
our overall bandwidth costs will continue to increase in
absolute dollars as a result of expected higher traffic levels,
partially offset by continued reductions in bandwidth costs per
unit. We expect that our overall bandwidth costs as a percentage
of revenue will remain relatively consistent with our historical
results. If we do not experience lower per unit bandwidth
pricing and we are unsuccessful at effectively routing traffic
over our network through lower cost providers, network bandwidth
costs could increase in excess of our expectations in future
periods.
Depreciation expense related to our network equipment has
increased over time due to additional equipment purchases,
particularly those in 2006. We anticipate depreciation expense
related to our network equipment will continue to increase in
2007 in absolute dollars and as a percentage of revenue due to
full year depreciation on 2006 purchases and depreciation on
additional purchases expected to be made in 2007. In 2008 and
2009, we expect that depreciation expense will increase in
absolute dollars and decrease as a percentage of revenue.
In total, we believe our cost of revenue will increase in 2007
in both absolute dollars and as a percentage of revenue.
Thereafter, we expect that the cost of revenue will increase in
absolute dollars
36
but could potentially decrease as a percentage of revenue. We
expect to deliver more traffic on our network, which would
result in higher expenses associated with the increased traffic;
however, such costs are likely to be partially offset by lower
bandwidth costs per unit. Additionally, we expect increases in
depreciation expense related to our network equipment, as well
as an increase in payroll and payroll-related costs, as we
continue to make investments in our network to service our
expanding customer base.
General and
Administrative Expense
General and administrative expense consists primarily of the
following components:
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•
|
payroll and related costs, including stock-based compensation
expense for executive, finance, business applications, human
resources and other administrative personnel;
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| |
| |
•
|
fees for professional services and litigation expenses; and
|
| |
| |
•
|
other expenses such as insurance, allowance for doubtful
accounts and corporate office rent.
|
We expect our general and administrative expense to increase in
2007 in absolute dollars and remain relatively consistent with
prior periods as a percentage of revenue due to increased
stock-based compensation expense on equity grants made in the
later part of 2006, payroll and related costs attributable to
increased hiring, continued costs associated with ongoing
litigation, as well as increased accounting and legal and other
costs associated with public reporting requirements and
compliance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002. In 2008 and in the longer term, we expect our general and
administrative expense to decrease as a percentage of revenue.
Sales and
Marketing Expense
Sales and marketing expense consists primarily of payroll and
related costs, including stock-based compensation expense and
commissions for personnel engaged in marketing, sales and
service support functions, as well as advertising, promotional
and travel expenses.
We anticipate our sales and marketing expense will continue to
increase in future periods in absolute dollars and as a
percentage of revenue due to an expected increase in commissions
on higher forecast sales, the expected increase in hiring of
sales and marketing personnel, increases in stock-based
compensation expense and additional expected increases in
marketing costs such as advertising.
Research and
Development Expense
Research and development expense consists primarily of payroll
and related costs and stock-based compensation expense
associated with the design, development, testing and
certification of the software, hardware and network architecture
of our CDN. Research and development costs are expensed as
incurred.
We anticipate our research and development expense will increase
in future periods in absolute dollars and as a percentage of
revenue due to increased stock-based compensation expense as
well as increased payroll and related costs associated with
continued hiring of research development personnel and
investments in our core technology and refinements to our other
service offerings.
37
Non-Network
Depreciation Expense
Non-network
depreciation expense consists of depreciation on equipment and
furnishing used by general administrative, sales and marketing
and research and development personnel.
Interest
Expense
Interest expense includes interest paid on our debt obligations
as well as amortization of deferred financing costs.
Interest
Income
Interest income includes interest earned on invested cash
balances and cash equivalents. We anticipate interest income
will increase in 2007 in absolute dollars due to an increase in
the cash balances and cash equivalents resulting from proceeds
of this offering and operating cash flow we expect to generate
during the year.
Other Income
(Expense)
Our other income consists primarily of gains or losses from the
disposal of assets.
Income Tax
Expense (Benefit)
Income tax expense depends on the statutory rate in the
countries where we sell our services as well as the expenses in
any year that are not deductible in those jurisdictions.
Historically, we have primarily been subject to taxation in the
United States because we have sold the majority of our services
to customers in the United States. In the future, we intend to
further expand our sales of services to customers located
outside the United States, in which case we would become further
subject to taxation based on the foreign statutory rates in the
countries where these sales took place, and our effective tax
rate could fluctuate accordingly.
In 2006, approximately $7.6 million of stock-based
compensation expense was not deductible for tax purposes by us,
as certain executives and other employees made tax elections
which established tax bases in these awards granted at lower
than the fair value recognized within the financial statements.
This permanent difference was material to our pre-tax net loss
for the year of $1.5 million. Future
non-tax
deductible expenses related to equity awards granted in 2006 are
expected to be $9.0 million, $2.4 million,
$2.4 million and $2.0 million for 2007, 2008, 2009 and
2010, respectively, based upon the unvested portion of the
equity awards outstanding at
December 31, 2006, and the
anticipated vesting at that time.
Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and
results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial
statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles. These principles
require us to make estimates and judgments that affect the
reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses,
cash flow and related disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities. Our estimates include those related to revenue
recognition, accounts receivable reserves, income and other
taxes, stock-based compensation and equipment and contingent
obligations. We base our estimates on historical experience and
on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable
under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these
estimates. To the extent that there are material differences
between these estimates and our actual results, our future
financial statements will be affected.
We define our “critical accounting policies” as those
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles that require us to
make subjective estimates about matters that are uncertain and
are likely to have a material impact on our financial condition
and results of operations as well as the specific manner in
which we apply those principles. Our estimates are based upon
assumptions and judgments about matters that are highly
uncertain at the time the accounting estimate is made and
applied and require us to continually assess a range of
potential outcomes.
38
Revenue
Recognition
We recognize service revenue in accordance with the Securities
and Exchange Commission’s Staff Accounting
Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue
Recognition,” and the Financial Accounting Standards
Board’s, or FASB, Emerging Issues Task Force Issue
No. 00-21,
“Revenue Arrangements with Multiple
Deliverables.” Revenue is recognized only when the
price is fixed or determinable, persuasive evidence of an
arrangement exists, the service is performed and collectibility
of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured.
At the inception of a customer
contract for service, we make an
assessment of that customer’s ability to pay for the
services provided. If we subsequently determine that collection
from the customer is not reasonably assured, we record an
allowance for doubtful accounts and bad debt expense for all of
that customer’s unpaid invoices and cease recognizing
revenue for continued services provided until cash is received.
Changes in our estimates and judgments about whether collection
is reasonably assured would change the timing of revenue or
amount of bad debt expense that we recognize.
We primarily derive income from the sale of CDN services to
customers. For these services, we recognize the monthly minimum
as revenue each month provided that an enforceable
contract has
been signed by both parties, the service has been delivered to
the customer, the fee for the service is fixed or determinable
and collection is reasonably assured. Should a customer’s
usage of our service exceed the monthly minimum, we recognize
revenue for such excess usage in the period of the usage. We
typically charge the customer an installation fee when the
services are first activated. The installation fees are recorded
as deferred revenue and recognized as revenue ratably over the
estimated life of the customer arrangement. We also derive
income from services sold as discrete, non-recurring events or
based solely on usage. For these services, we recognize revenue
after an enforceable
contract has been signed by both parties,
the fee is fixed or determinable, the event or usage has
occurred and collection is reasonably assured.
We periodically enter into multi-element arrangements. When we
enter into such arrangements, each element is accounted for
separately over its respective service or delivery period,
provided that there is objective evidence of fair value for the
separate elements. For example, objective evidence of fair value
would include the price charged for the element when sold
separately. If the fair value of each element cannot be
objectively determined, the total value of the arrangement is
recognized ratably over the entire service period to the extent
that all services have begun to be provided at the outset of the
period.
We license software under perpetual and term license agreements.
In such cases, we apply the provisions of Statement of Position,
or SOP,
97-2,
Software Revenue Recognition, as amended by
SOP 98-9,
Modifications of
SOP 97-2,
Software Revenue Recognition, With Respect to Certain
Transactions. As prescribed by this guidance, we apply the
residual method of accounting. The residual method requires that
the portion of the total arrangement fee attributable to
undelivered elements, as indicated by vendor specific objective
evidence of fair value, be deferred and subsequently recognized
when delivered. The difference between the total arrangement fee
and the amount deferred for the undelivered elements are
recognized as revenue related to the delivered elements, if all
other revenue recognition criteria of
SOP 97-2
are met.
We also sell our services through a reseller channel. Assuming
all other revenue recognition criteria are met, we recognize
revenue from reseller arrangements over the term of the
contract, based on the reseller’s contracted non-refundable
minimum purchase commitments plus amounts sold by the reseller
to its customers in excess of the minimum commitments. These
excess commitments are recognized as revenue in the period in
which the service is provided. We recognize revenue under these
agreements on a net or gross basis, depending on the terms of
the arrangement, in accordance with
EITF 99-19
Recording Revenue Gross as a Principal Versus Net as an
Agent.
From time to time, we enter into
contracts to sell our services
or license our technology to unrelated companies at or about the
same time we enter into
contracts to purchase products or
39
services from the same companies. If we conclude that these
contracts were negotiated concurrently, we record as revenue
only the net cash received from the vendor, unless both the fair
values of our services delivered to the customer and of the
vendor’s product or service we receive can be established
objectively and realization of such value is believed to be
probable.
We may from time to time resell licenses or services of third
parties. We record revenue for these transactions when we have
risk of loss related to the amounts purchased from the third
party and we add value to the license or service, such as by
providing maintenance or support for such license or service. If
these conditions are present, we recognize revenue when all
other revenue recognition criteria are satisfied.
Deferred revenue includes amounts billed to customers for which
revenue has not been recognized. Deferred revenue primarily
consists of the unearned portion of monthly billed service fees,
deferred installation and activation
set-up fees
and amounts billed under extended payment terms. Deferred
revenue was not material to total liabilities or total revenues
during prior years.
Accounts
Receivable and Related Reserves
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amounts
and do not bear interest. We record reserves as a reduction of
our accounts receivable balance. Estimates are used in
determining these reserves and are based upon our review of
outstanding balances on a customer-specific,
account-by-account
basis. These estimates could change significantly if our
customers’ financial condition changes or if the economy in
general deteriorates. The allowance for doubtful accounts is
based upon a review of customer receivables from prior sales
with collection issues where we no longer believe that the
customer has the ability to pay for prior services provided. We
perform on-going credit evaluations of our customers. If such an
evaluation indicates that payment is no longer reasonably
assured for current services provided, any future services
provided to that customer will result in the deferral of revenue
until payment is made or we determine payment is reasonably
assured. In addition, we recorded a reserve for service credits.
Reserves for service credits are measured based on an analysis
of credits to be issued after the month of billing related to
management’s estimate of the resolution of customer
disputes and billing adjustments. We do not have any off-balance
sheet credit exposure related to our customers.
Stock-Based
Compensation
Prior to
January 1, 2006, we accounted for employee stock
options pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards,
or SFAS, No. 123,
Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation, and SFAS No. 148,
Accounting for
Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and
Disclosure. Under this method, compensation expense was
recorded for stock options granted prior to
January 1, 2006
using the minimum value method.
The fair value of the shares of common stock that underlie the
stock options we have granted has historically been determined
by our board of directors. Because there has been no public
market for our common stock, our board has determined the fair
value of our common stock at the time of grant of the option by
considering a number of objective and subjective factors,
including our sales of preferred stock to unrelated third
parties, our operating and financial performance, the lack of
liquidity of our capital stock, trends in the broader
e-commerce
market and other similar technology stocks. Beginning in July
2006, our board began receiving contemporaneous valuations
performed by an unrelated valuation specialist.
In connection with the preparation of the financial statements
necessary for a planned registration of shares with the
Securities and Exchange Commission and based in part on the
preliminary valuation information presented by the underwriters
selected for the planned offering, we reassessed the estimated
accounting fair value of common stock in light of the potential
completion of this offering. The valuation methodology that most
significantly impacted this reassessment of fair value was the
market-based assessment of the valuation of existing comparable
public companies. This methodology also de-emphasized the
$260.0 million liquidation preference available to
preferred
40
shareholders in the event of a sale of
our company. In
determining the reassessed fair value of the common stock during
2006, we also determined it appropriate to reassess the estimate
of accounting fair value for periods prior to
December 31,
2006 based on operational achievements in executing against the
operating plan and market trends. Because of the impact the
achievement of unique milestones had on the valuation during the
various points in time before the reassessment, certain
additional adjustments for factors unique to us were considered
in the reassessed values determined for the 12 months ended
December 31, 2006 and the three months ended
March 31,
2007, which impacted valuations throughout these periods. These
included:
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In July 2006, we sold a controlling interest to an investor
group led by entities affiliated with Goldman, Sachs &
Co. through the issuance of shares of Series B preferred
stock, at a price of $3.26 per share, for total aggregate
consideration of $130.0 million. As part of the
transaction, we repurchased 31,320,000 shares of common stock
for an aggregate net consideration of $102.1 million.
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•
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In the Fall of 2006, we experienced significant increased
revenue as a result of new customer acquisitions and committed
increases in network usage from existing customers.
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•
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In the fourth quarter of 2006, we appointed both a Chief
Executive Officer and a Chief Financial Officer with past public
company roles in a similar capacity.
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•
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Revenue growth in 2006 exceeded 200%, to $64.3 million
compared to revenue in 2005 of $21.3 million.
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•
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Revenue in the first quarter of 2007 was 111% over the same
period in the prior year and 6% over the fourth quarter of 2006.
|
Based upon the reassessment, we determined that the accounting
fair value of the options granted to employees from
February 1, 2006 to
February 28, 2007 was greater than
the exercise price for certain of those options. The comparison
of the originally determined fair value and reassessed fair
value is as follows for all months in which an option or
restricted stock award was made:
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Original
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Reassessed
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Fair Value
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Fair Value
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Month
|
|
Assessment
|
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|
Assessment
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February 2006
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$
|
0.27
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$
|
1.33
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August 2006
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0.27
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3.51
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September 2006
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0.85
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5.80
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November 2006
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0.85
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6.69
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December 2006
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0.85
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6.15
|
(1)
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January 2007
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0.85
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6.33
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|
February 2007
|
|
|
2.09
|
|
|
|
7.04
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The December 2006 reassessed fair value per share price
decreased from the November 2006 reassessed fair value per share
price as a result of our experiencing a reduction of network
traffic from two significant customers. |
Based upon the reassessment discussed above, we determined the
reassessed accounting fair value of the options to purchase
8,078,313 shares of common stock granted to employees
during the period from
February 1, 2006 to
December 31, 2006 ranged from $1.21 to $6.25 per share. Of
these shares, 1,605,000 were issued at prices ranging from $6.53
to $13.20 per share for which the impact on the fair value was
small given the grants were intended to be well above fair
value. As a result of the reassessed fair value of our grants of
stock options and restricted stock awards, the aggregate fair
value of our stock options and restricted stock awards increased
$25.1 million and $10.6 million, respectively, of
which $6.9 million and $1.5 million, respectively, was
recognized as expense in 2006.
41
Subsequent to
March 31, 2007, we continued to experience
positive trends in new customer acquisitions and increased
network usage by existing customers. As a result, we have
increased the price at which we have granted options subsequent
to
March 31, 2007 to $11.00 per share, the mid-point of the
range on the cover of this prospectus.
Stock-based compensation expense for the year ended
December 31, 2006 includes the difference between the
reassessed accounting fair value per share of the common stock
on the date of grant and the exercise price per share and is
amortized over the vesting period of the underlying options
using the straight-line method. There are significant judgments
and estimates inherent in the determination of the reassessed
accounting fair values. For this and other reasons, the
reassessed accounting fair value used to compute the stock-based
compensation expense may not be reflective of the fair market
value that would result from the application of other valuation
methods, including accepted valuation methods for tax purposes.
As of
January 1, 2006, we have adopted
SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004)
Share-Based
Payment, or SFAS No. 123R. We are required to
adopt SFAS No. 123R under the prospective method, in
which nonpublic entities that previously applied
SFAS No. 123 using the minimum-value method, whether
for financial statement recognition or pro forma disclosure
purposes, would continue to account for unvested stock options
outstanding at the date of adoption of SFAS No. 123R
in the same manner as they had been accounted for prior to the
adoption of SFAS No. 123R. That is, since we have been
accounting for stock options using the minimum-value method
under SFAS No. 123, we will continue to apply
SFAS No. 123 in future periods to stock options
outstanding at
January 1, 2006. SFAS No. 123R
requires measurement of all employee stock-based compensation
awards using a fair-value method. The grant date fair value was
determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model. The
Black-Scholes-Merton valuation calculation requires us to make
key assumptions such as future stock price volatility, expected
terms, risk-free rates and dividend yield. The weighted-average
expected term for stock options granted was calculated using the
simplified method in accordance with the provisions of Staff
Accounting Bulletin No. 107,
Share-Based
Payment. The simplified method defines the expected term as
the average of the contractual term and the vesting period of
the stock option. We have estimated the volatility rates used as
inputs to the model based on an analysis of the most similar
public companies for which we have data. We have used judgment
in selecting these companies, as well as in evaluating the
available historical volatility data for these companies.
SFAS No. 123R requires us to develop an estimate of
the number of stock-based awards which will be forfeited due to
employee turnover. Quarterly changes in the estimated forfeiture
rate may have a significant effect on stock-based compensation,
as the effect of adjusting the rate for all expense amortization
after
January 1, 2006 is recognized in the period the
forfeiture estimate is changed. If the actual forfeiture rate is
higher than the estimated forfeiture rate, then an adjustment is
made to increase the estimated forfeiture rate, which will
result in a decrease to the expense recognized in the financial
statements. If the actual forfeiture rate is lower than the
estimated forfeiture rate, then an adjustment is made to
decrease the estimated forfeiture rate, which will result in an
increase to the expense recognized in the financial statements.
The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield
curve in effect at the time of grant. We have never paid cash
dividends, and do not currently intend to pay cash dividends,
and thus have assumed a 0% dividend yield.
We will continue to use judgment in evaluating the expected
term, volatility and forfeiture rate related to our own
stock-based awards on a prospective basis, and in incorporating
these factors into the model. If our actual experience differs
significantly from the assumptions used to compute our
stock-based compensation cost, or if different assumptions had
been used, we may have recorded too much or too little
stock-based compensation cost.
We recognize expense using the straight-line attribution method.
Unrecognized stock-based compensation totaled $29.1 million
at
March 31, 2007, of which we expect to amortize
$10.6 million over the final three quarters of 2007,
$8.7 million in 2008 and the remainder thereafter based
upon the scheduled vesting of the options outstanding at that
time. Of these charges, approximately
42
$4.4 million in 2006 and $5.0 million in 2007 relate
to options granted to our four founders in connection with our
Series B preferred stock financing in July 2006. We expect
our stock-based compensation expense to increase in 2007 and
potentially to increase thereafter as we grant additional stock
options and restricted stock awards.
Contingencies
We record contingent liabilities resulting from asserted and
unasserted claims against us, when it is probable that a
liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss is
reasonably estimable. We disclose contingent liabilities when
there is a reasonable possibility that the ultimate loss will
exceed the recorded liability. Estimating probable losses
requires analysis of multiple factors, in some cases including
judgments about the potential actions of third-party claimants
and courts. Therefore, actual losses in any future period are
inherently uncertain.
Deferred
Taxes
When preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are
required to estimate our income taxes in each of the
jurisdictions in which we operate. We estimate our actual
current tax liability together with assessing temporary
differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax
and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred
tax assets and liabilities, which are included within our
consolidated balance sheet. We must then assess the likelihood
our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable
income within the relevant jurisdiction and to the extent we
believe that recovery is not likely, we must establish a
valuation allowance. The financial statements included in this
report do not reflect a valuation allowance on our deferred tax
assets, because we believe it is “more likely than
not” that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from
future taxable income. Should we determine we would not be able
to realize all or part of our net deferred tax asset in the
future, an adjustment to the deferred tax asset would be charged
to expense in the period such determination was made.
We follow the recognition threshold and measurement parameters
of FIN 48 for financial statement recognition and
measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a
tax return, and related guidance on derecognition,
classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim
periods, disclosure and transition.
Our effective tax rate is influenced by the recognition and
derecognition of tax positions pursuant to the more likely than
not standard established by FIN 48 that such positions will
be sustained by the taxing authority. In addition, other factors
such as changes in tax laws, rulings by taxing authorities and
court decisions, and significant changes in our operations
through acquisitions or divestitures can have a material impact
on the effective tax rate. Differences between our estimated and
actual effective income tax rates and related liabilities are
recorded in the period they become known. We estimate an
effective income tax rate expected to be applicable for the full
fiscal year. The estimate of our effective income tax rate
requires significant judgments regarding any utilization of
deferred tax assets and the reduction in the related valuation
allowance.
We conduct business in various foreign countries. During 2006,
we established corporations in a portion of the foreign
countries in which we conduct business. We have not provided
U.S. tax for the profits of our foreign corporations, as we
intend to permanently reinvest these profits outside the United
States.
Taxing authorities in the United States and other countries in
which we do business are increasing their scrutiny of how
businesses are taxed. We believe we maintain adequate tax
reserves to offset any potential tax liabilities that may arise
upon audit. If such amounts ultimately prove to be unnecessary,
the associated reserves would be reversed, resulting in our
recording a tax benefit in the period the reserves were no
longer deemed necessary. Conversely, if our estimates prove to
be less than the ultimate assessment, a charge to expense would
be recorded in the period in which the assessment is determined.
43
Results of
Operations
Revenue
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
2007
|
|
(Decrease)
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue
|
|
$
|
10,838
|
|
|
$
|
22,876
|
|
|
$
|
12,038
|
|
|
|
111
|
%
|
The increase in total revenue for the three months ended
March 31, 2007 as compared to the three months ended
March 31, 2006 was due to an increase in revenue from the
sale of our recurring CDN services. The increase in CDN services
revenue was primarily attributable to increases in the number of
customers under recurring revenue
contracts, as well as
increases in traffic and additional services sold to new and
existing customers.
Cost of
Revenue
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
2007
|
|
(Decrease)
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenue
|
|
$
|
5,280
|
|
|
$
|
14,497
|
|
|
$
|
9,217
|
|
|
|
175
|
%
|
The increase in cost of revenue for the three months ended
March 31, 2007 as compared to the three months ended
March 31, 2006 was primarily due to an increase in
aggregate bandwidth and co-location fees of $5.0 million
due to higher traffic levels, an increase in depreciation
expense of network equipment of $3.2 million due to
increased investment in our network, an increase of
$0.2 million in royalty expenses, an increase in the
payroll and related employee costs of $0.6 million
associated with increased staff and an increase of stock-based
compensation expense of $0.2 million.
Cost of revenue in the three months ended
March 31, 2006
and
2007 was composed of the following:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
(in millions)
|
|
|
|
|
Bandwidth and co-location fees
|
|
$
|
3.3
|
|
|
$
|
8.3
|
|
|
Depreciation — network
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
|
|
4.7
|
|
|
Royalty Expenses
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
|
0.4
|
|
|
Payroll and related employee costs
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
|
0.8
|
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
Other costs
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
$
|
5.3
|
|
|
$
|
14.5
|
|
General and
Administrative
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
2007
|
|
(Decrease)
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
$
|
1,571
|
|
|
$
|
8,136
|
|
|
$
|
6,565
|
|
|
|
418
|
%
|
44
The increase in general and administrative expenses for the
three months ended
March 31, 2007 as compared to the three
months ended
March 31, 2006 was primarily due to an
increase of $4.2 million in stock-based compensation
expense, an increase of $0.9 million in professional fees
and legal expenses related to our litigation with Akamai and
MIT, including $0.4 million which is reimbursable to us
from an escrow fund established in connection with our 2006
stock repurchase, an increase of $0.3 million in payroll
and related employee costs as a result of headcount growth, an
increase of $0.2 million in bad debt expense and an
increase in other expenses of $0.9 million.
General and administrative expenses in the three months ended
March 31, 2006 and
2007 were composed of the following:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Thee Months Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
(in millions)
|
|
|
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
4.2
|
|
|
Professional fees and legal
expenses
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
Payroll and related employee costs
|
|
|
0.8
|
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
|
Bad debt expense
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
|
|
Other expenses
|
|
|
0.6
|
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
1.6
|
|
|
$
|
8.1
|
|
Sales and
Marketing
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
2007
|
|
(Decrease)
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
$
|
1,034
|
|
|
$
|
3,018
|
|
|
$
|
1,984
|
|
|
|
192
|
%
|
The increase in sales and marketing expenses for the three
months ended
March 31, 2007 as compared to the three months
ended
March 31, 2006 was primarily due to an increase of
$1.2 million in payroll and related employee costs,
including $0.6 million in additional salaries and
$0.6 million in additional commissions on increased
revenue. Additional increases were due to an increase of
$0.3 million in marketing programs, an increase of
$0.2 million in stock-based compensation expense, an
increase of $0.1 million in reseller commissions and an
increase of $0.2 million in other expenses. These increases
are consistent with the 111% increase in revenue for the period.
Sales and marketing expenses in the three months ended
March 31, 2006 and
2007 were composed of the following:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
(in millions)
|
|
|
|
|
Payroll and related employee costs
|
|
$
|
0.8
|
|
|
$
|
2.0
|
|
|
Marketing programs
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
Reseller commissions
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
Other expenses
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
1.0
|
|
|
$
|
3.0
|
|
45
Research and
Development
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended March 31,
|
|
|
Increase
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
(Decrease)
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
$
|
321
|
|
|
$
|
1,285
|
|
|
$
|
964
|
|
|
|
300
|
%
|
The increase in research and development expenses for the three
months ended
March 31, 2007 as compared to the three months
ended
March 31, 2006 was primarily due to an increase of
$0.9 million in stock-based compensation expense and an
increase of $0.1 million in payroll and related employee
costs associated with our hiring of additional network and
software engineering personnel.
Research and development expenses in the three months ended
March 31, 2006 and
2007 were composed of the following:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
(in millions)
|
|
|
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
0.9
|
|
|
Payroll and related employee costs
|
|
|
0.3
|
|
|
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
0.3
|
|
|
$
|
1.3
|
|
Interest
Expense
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended March 31,
|
|
|
Increase
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
(Decrease)
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
$
|
505
|
|
|
$
|
585
|
|
|
$
|
80
|
|
|
|
16
|
%
|
The increase in interest expense for the three months ended
March 31, 2007 as compared to the three months ended
March 31, 2006 was due to increased borrowings, primarily
to fund equipment purchases to build out our network.
Interest
Income
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
Ended March 31,
|
|
|
Increase
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
(Decrease)
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
89
|
|
|
$
|
89
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
The increase in interest income for the three months ended
March 31, 2007 as compared to the three months ended
March 31, 2006 was due to an increase in our average cash
balance.
46
Other Income
(Expense)
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
Increase
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
(Decrease)
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income (expense)
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
We did not dispose of any assets during either the three months
ended
March 31, 2007 or 2006.
Income Tax
Expense (Benefit)
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
Increase
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
(Decrease)
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit)
|
|
$
|
829
|
|
|
$
|
(258
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1,087
|
)
|
|
|
(131
|
)%
|
We had an income tax benefit in the three months ended
March 31, 2007 of 5% of our loss before taxes of
$4.7 million, which included $3.7 million of
stock-based compensation expense that was not deductible by us
for tax purposes. This non-deductible expense had the effect of
lowering the effective tax rate used to calculate the income tax
benefit. Our effective tax rate for the three months ended
March 31, 2006 was 40%.
Revenue