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Corus Group PLC · 20-F · For 3/22/04

Filed On 3/22/04 5:26pm ET   ·   SEC File 1-10120   ·   Accession Number 1215220-4-25

  in   Show  and 
  As Of               Filer                 Filing     As/For/On Docs:Pgs              Issuer               Agent

 3/22/04  Corus Group PLC                   20-F        3/22/04    8:602                                    Greenaways/FA

Annual Report of a Foreign Private Issuer   ·   Form 20-F
Filing Table of Contents

Document/Exhibit                   Description                      Pages   Size 

 1: 20-F        Corus 20-F                                          HTML  2,059K 
 2: EX-99       Memorandum of Association                           HTML     47K 
 3: EX-99       Articles of Association                             HTML    212K 
 4: EX-99       Corus Group Plc Annual Performance Bonus Plan       HTML      8K 
 5: EX-99       Service Contract of Mr Varin                        HTML     74K 
 6: EX-99       Letter Amending Service Contract of Stuart          HTML      6K 
                          Pettifor                                               
 7: EX-99       Letter Amending Service Contract of David Lloyd     HTML      6K 
 8: 20-F        PDF File of 20-F                                     PDF    671K 


20-F   ·   Corus 20-F
Document Table of Contents

Page (sequential) | (alphabetic) Top
 
11st Page
"Return to contents page
"Definitions
"Presentation of Information
"Certain Forward Looking Statements
"Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers
"Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
"Key Information
"Selected financial data
"Exchange rates
"Risk factors
"Information on the Company
"Introduction
"History and development of the company
"Avesta Sheffield AB and AvestaPolarit Oyj Abp
"Aluminium businesses
"Restoring Success
"Bank facility
"Placing and open offer
"Capital expenditure
"Business overview
"Organisational structure
"Property, plants and equipment
"The environment
"Insurance
"Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
"Critical accounting policies
"Operating results
"Liquidity and capital resources
"Research and development, patents and licenses, etc
"Trend information
"Off balance sheet arrangements
"Aggregate contractual arrangements
"Directors, Senior Management and Employees
"Directors and senior management
"Compensation
"Board practices
"The organisation of the Group
"Employees
"Share ownership
"Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
"Major shareholders
"Related party transactions
"Financial Information
"Consolidated statements and other financial information
"Significant changes
"The Offer and Listing
"Additional Information
"Memorandum and articles of association
"Material contracts
"Exchange controls
"Taxation of US Holders
"Documents on display
"Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
"Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities
"Part Ii
"Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies
"Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds
"Controls and Procedures
"Disclosure controls and procedures
"Internal control over financial reporting
"Audit committee financial expert
"Code of ethics
"Accountants' fees and services
"Exemptions from the listing standards for audit
"Part Iii
"Financial Statements
"Exhibits
"Signatures
"Exhibit Index
"Certifications
"This page has been left intentionally blank
"Review of the period
"Financial review
"Directors report
"The Board
"The Executive committee
"Report on remuneration
"Consolidated profit and loss account
"Balance sheets
"Statement of total recognised gains and losses and Reconciliation of movements in shareholders funds
"Consolidated cash flow statement
"Reconciliation of net cash inflow/(outflow) to movement in net debt and Analysis of net borrowings
"Presentation of accounts and accounting policies
"Notes to the accounts
"Five year financial summary
"Glossary
"Information for shareholders

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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 22, 2004


SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 20-F


ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the financial year ended: January 3, 2004
Commission file number: 1-10120

CORUS GROUP plc

(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

England and Wales
(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organisation)

30 Millbank, London SW1P 4WY, England
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)



SECURITIES REGISTERED OR TO BE REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:

 

   Title of each class Name of each exchange on which registered
American Depositary Shares New York Stock Exchange
Ordinary shares of 10p each New York Stock Exchange*


SECURITIES REGISTERED OR TO BE REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:

None

SECURITIES FOR WHICH THERE IS A REPORTING OBLIGATION
PURSUANT TO SECTION 15(d) OF THE ACT:

None


Number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of January 3, 2004:

4,434,759,050 Ordinary shares of 10p each


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:

Yes    X               No

Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:

Item 17              Item 18   X

* Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares.

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page


Definitions

iii

Presentation of Information

v

Certain Forward Looking Statements

v

PART I

Item 1

Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers

1

Item 2

Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable

1

Item 3

Key Information

1

    Selected financial data

1

    Exchange rates

1

    Risk factors

1

Item 4

Information on the Company

7

    Introduction

7

    History and development of the company

8

    Avesta Sheffield AB and AvestaPolarit Oyj Abp

8

    Aluminium businesses

9

    Restoring Success

9

    Bank facility

11

    Placing and open offer

11

    Capital expenditure

11

    Business overview

12

    Organisational structure

25

    Property, plants and equipment

26

    The environment

27

    Insurance

28

Item 5

Operating and Financial Review and Prospects

28

    Critical accounting policies

28

    Operating results

28

    Liquidity and capital resources

28

    Research and development, patents and licenses, etc

29

    Trend information

29

    Off balance sheet arrangements

29

    Aggregate contractual arrangements

30

Item 6

Directors, Senior Management and Employees

30

    Directors and senior management

30

    Compensation

30

    Board practices

30

    The organisation of the Group

31

    Employees

32

    Share ownership

32

Item 7

Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions

32

    Major shareholders

32

    Related party transactions

33

Item 8

Financial Information

33

    Consolidated statements and other financial information

33

    Significant changes

36

Item 9

The Offer and Listing

36


Form 20–F 2003    i

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Item 10

Additional Information

37

    Memorandum and articles of association

37

    Material contracts

39

    Exchange controls

40

    Taxation of US Holders

41

    Documents on display

46

Item 11

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

46

Item 12

Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities

47

PART II

Item 13

Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies

47

Item 14

Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds

47

Item 15

Controls and Procedures

47

    Disclosure controls and procedures

47

    Internal control over financial reporting

47

Item 16A

Audit committee financial expert

47

Item 16B

Code of ethics

47

Item 16C

Accountants' fees and services

47

Item 16D

Exemptions from the listing standards for audit

48

PART III

Item 17

Financial Statements

48

Item 18

Financial Statements

49

Item 19

Exhibits

50

SIGNATURES

51

EXHIBIT INDEX

52

CERTIFICATIONS

53


ii    Form 20–F 2003

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 DEFINITIONS

The following terms have the meanings set out alongside unless the context indicates otherwise:

“Avesta Sheffield” Avesta Sheffield AB (publ), a company quoted on the Stockholm
  Stock Exchange, until February 23, 2001.
“British Steel” British Steel Limited (formerly British Steel plc) and/or, where
  the context so requires, British Steel Limited (formerly British
  Steel plc) and its subsidiaries and/or BSC.
“BSC” or the “Corporation” the statutory corporation known as British Steel Corporation
  which operated the business of Corus UK prior to September 5,
  1988, and/or, where the context so requires, British Steel
  Corporation and its subsidiaries.
“CES” Corus Engineering Steels Holdings Limited, formerly British
  Steel Engineering Steels Holdings Limited and UES Holdings
  Limited and/or, where the context so requires, its subsidiaries.
“Combined Offer” the offer for sale by HM Government of the whole of the issued
  Ordinary share capital of British Steel plc.
“Companies Act” UK Companies Act 1985, as amended by the Companies Act 1989
“Corus” Corus Group plc or, where the context so requires, Corus Group
  plc and its subsidiaries.
“Corus UK” Corus UK Limited (formerly British Steel Limited and British
  Steel plc) and/or, where the context so requires, Corus UK
  Limited and its subsidiaries and/or BSC.
“Deferred shares” Corus Deferred shares of 40p each.
“EC” the European Community and/or, where the context so requires,
  the European Communities, which include the ECSC and
  the EC.
“ECSC” the European Coal and Steel Community.
“EEA” the European Economic Area established by an agreement
  (as adjusted by a protocol) between the EC and certain
  countries of EFTA (excluding Switzerland), which entered into
  force in 1994 and as amended (“the EEA Agreement”).
“EFTA” the European Free Trade Association founded in 1960 and
  whose current members include Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway
  and Switzerland.
“ESA” the EFTA Surveillance Authority that is a body set up under the
  EEA Agreement with responsibility for ensuring compliance with
  the provisions of the EEA Agreement within EFTA.
“EU” the European Union which was established by the twelve
  Member States of the EC by the Treaty of Maastricht (signed
  Maastricht 1992, enacted 1993), and with the addition of
  Austria, Finland and Sweden which acceded to full membership
  on January 1, 1995.
“Group” Corus Group plc and its subsidiaries.


Form 20–F 2003    iii

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“Head Office” the administrative office of Corus located at 30 Millbank,
  London SW1P 4WY, United Kingdom.
“HM Government” Her Majesty’s Government of the United Kingdom.
ISTC” the Iron and Steel Trades Confederation.
“KH” or “Hoogovens” Corus Nederland BV (formerly Koninklijke Hoogovens NV)
  and/or, where the context so requires, Corus Nederland BV and
  its subsidiaries.
“London Stock Exchange” or “LSE” London Stock Exchange plc.
“New Ordinary shares” Corus Ordinary shares of 10p each.
“OECD” Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, an
  international organisation of thirty member countries that
  examines the economic, social and governance issues of a
  globalised economy.
“Old Ordinary shares” Corus Ordinary shares of 50p each.
“Ordinary shares” Ordinary shares of Corus, being Old Ordinary shares or New
  Ordinary shares as the context requires.
“Report & Accounts 2003” the Corus Annual Report & Accounts for the twelve months to
  January 3, 2004.
“stockholders” steel stockists that typically purchase steel products from high-
  volume producers, such as Corus, and break bulk or process
  such purchases for subsequent resale.
“tonne” or “t” a metric ton (1,000 kilograms) equal to 2,204.6 pounds.
“Treaty of Paris” the Treaty establishing the ECSC (signed Paris 1951, enacted
  1952, expired July 2002).
“Treaty of Rome” the Treaty establishing the EC (signed Rome 1957, enacted
  1958, and amended, inter alia, by the Treaty of Maastricht).
“UK” United Kingdom.


iv    Form 20–F 2003

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  PRESENTATION OF INFORMATION

     Corus is the successor registrant to British Steel.

     Certain of the responses to the requirements of Form 20-F are incorporated by reference to the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004, which contains the Report & Accounts 2003, and is attached as an exhibit to the Form 20-F.

     Corus has prepared its consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United Kingdom (“UK GAAP”), which differ in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“US GAAP”). The principal differences between UK GAAP and US GAAP are summarised in Note 37 ‘Supplementary information for North American investors’ on pages 107 to 112 in the Report & Accounts 2003 incorporated herein by reference.

     Prior to the merger between British Steel and KH, British Steel prepared its financial statements on the basis of a financial year consisting of the 52 week or 53 week period ending on the Saturday closest to March 31 of each year. A change of year end from March to September was introduced as a preparatory step to the merger and in connection with this change British Steel produced accounts for the six month period from April 4, 1999 to October 2, 1999. Following the merger, Corus further changed its year end to the Saturday closest to December 31 of each year. Unless otherwise indicated, financial and operating statistics are stated on the basis of such financial years. References to 1998 are to the relevant calendar year. References to 1999 are to the six month period from April 4, 1999 to October 2, 1999 and references to 1999/2000 are to the fifteen month period to December 30, 2000 unless otherwise indicated. References to 2001, 2002 and 2003 are to the financial years ended December 29, 2001, December 28, 2002 and January 3, 2004 respectively or the calendar year as the context requires.

  CERTAIN FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

     The Form 20-F includes or incorporates by reference “forward looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Certain statements in the Form 20-F and in the pages incorporated by reference from ‘Review of the period’ and ‘Financial review’ of the Report & Accounts 2003 under Item 5 ‘Operating and Financial Review and Prospects’ including, without limitation, those concerning (i) the economic outlook for steel and aluminium demand for calendar year 2004, (ii) expectations regarding steel and aluminium prices and (iii) the liquidity and capital resources of Corus, contain certain forward looking statements regarding the steel and aluminium industries and the operations, economic performance and financial condition of Corus. Item 11 ‘Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk’ with regard to risk management, foreign exchange risk, commodity risk and interest rate risk are also forward looking in their nature. Although Corus believes that the expectations reflected in such forward looking statements are reasonable, no assurance can be given that such expectations will prove to have been correct. Accordingly, because such statements involve risks and uncertainties, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward looking statements. Factors that could cause such differences include, but are not limited to, (i) the economic climate in the UK and mainland Europe, (ii) the value of the pound sterling particularly in relation to the euro, the value of the pound sterling and the euro in relation to the US dollar, and changes in the global market for steel and aluminium, (iii) market developments, (iv) the availability and effective management of employees, supplies (including raw materials) and technology, (v) changes in environmental and other regulatory requirements and (vi) business risk management.

 


Form 20–F 2003    v

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 PART I

ITEM 1.  IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

     Not applicable.

ITEM 2.   OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

     Not applicable.

ITEM 3.  KEY INFORMATION

  Selected financial data
     Certain of the information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference from page 113 ‘Five year financial summary’ of the Report & Accounts 2003, contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004. A reconciliation of the financial figures stated under UK GAAP to those restated under US GAAP is presented in Note 37 on pages 107 to 112 of the Report & Accounts 2003 and is incorporated herein by reference.

 Exchange rates
     The consolidated financial statements of Corus incorporated herein by reference from the Report & Accounts 2003 are presented in pounds sterling. In this document, references to ‘US$’, ‘US dollars’ or ‘$’ are to United States dollars, references to ‘pounds sterling’, ‘sterling’, ‘£’, ‘pence’ or ‘p’ are to UK currency and references to ‘euro’ or ‘EUR’ are to the single currency of the member states of the EU that have adopted such currency in accordance with legislation relating to European Economic and Monetary Union. On March 16, 2004 the noon buying rate in New York City for cable transfers in pounds sterling as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (the “Noon Buying Rate”) was $1.8105 to £1.00.

     The following table sets forth, for periods and dates indicated, certain information concerning the Noon Buying Rate, expressed in US dollars per £1.00:

Financial period ended Average (a)   High   Low   Period End  
April 3, 1999 1.654   1.722   1.598   1.602  
October 2, 1999 1.610   1.655   1.551   1.655  
December 30, 2000 1.533   1.677   1.400   1.496  
December 29, 2001 1.440   1.505   1.373   1.448  
December 28, 2002 1.502   1.604   1.409   1.602  
January 3, 2004 1.635   1.790   1.550   1.790  
Month ended    

High

  Low      
September 30, 2003     1.664   1.573      
October 31, 2003     1.703   1.660      
November 30, 2003     1.722   1.669      
December 31, 2003     1.784   1.720      
January 31, 2004     1.851   1.790      
February 29, 2004     1.905   1.818      
     (a) The average of the Noon Buying Rates on the last day of each month during the applicable period.

 Risk factors
     Corus is subject to various changing competitive and economic conditions that affect the market for steel and aluminium. The following is a description of factors that may affect Corus’ business, results of operations and share price:

Risks relating to the Group’s business
Corus has incurred and may continue to incur operating losses.
     For the year ended January 3, 2004, Corus had an operating loss of £208 million. While the Group has  


Form 20–F 2003    1

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made progress in reducing its losses through initiatives taken in recent years to reduce capacity and improve competitiveness, the Group’s losses continue to emanate principally from the UK. This is largely related to the progressive decline in UK manufacturing, the increased penetration of steel imports, and the impact of exchange rates on the Group’s operating results, which have offset the benefits of these measures. Furthermore, Corus is subject to the effects of weaknesses in the global business environment and financial markets. As part of Corus’ “Restoring Success” initiatives (see pages 9 to 11 under Item 4), Corus has launched a series of measures to improve performance across all its businesses to close the performance gap between Corus and its European competitors. There can be no assurance that Corus’ efforts will be successful and that Corus will realise positive operating income or cash flows from operations in the future. In addition, in connection with the UK restructuring and other planned initiatives, Corus’ capital expenditure in future years will be significantly higher than in previous years.

Corus’ “Restoring Success” initiatives may not achieve their goals and may cost more than anticipated, which could have a material adverse effect on Corus’ financial condition.
     In response to the declining steel demand from Corus’ UK customer base, resulting from the long-term erosion of the UK manufacturing industry, and coupled with the lack of competitiveness in export markets, related in part to the strength of sterling in 2001, Corus initiated a restructuring programme in 2001. In April 2003 Corus’ Board announced additional restructuring programmes to concentrate its steelmaking in the UK at three sites. The main objectives of the restructuring are to size the business to the available market while eradicating losses and creating an internationally competitive cost base for Corus UK operations. The details of the Restoring Success initiatives and their objectives are provided on pages 9 to 11 under Item 4. There can be no assurance that the total capital expenditure and restructuring costs will not exceed present expectations. Additionally, Corus’ restructuring plans are subject to operational risks, and benefits of the plan will depend in part on the strength of sterling against the euro. Thus, there can be no guarantee that Corus’ restructuring plans will achieve their intended goals.

     Whilst Corus believes the Restoring Success initiatives are necessary in order to combat the Group’s operating losses and to improve the Group’s financial performance, these significant changes are subject to risks and uncertainties and the scope of change currently envisioned by Corus may prove difficult to realise. In addition, management has made several key assumptions in relation to its Restoring Success programme, including specific assumptions tied to each aspect of the initiatives and general assumptions relating to exchange rates and market prices for steel and raw materials. Corus has also assumed that it will be able to dedicate significant management resources from both senior management and at business units, whilst mitigating disruption to existing plant performance as this programme continues. If these assumptions are not realised, Corus may be unable to achieve the benefits of its Restoring Success initiatives.

Corus’ operating results are strongly affected by movements in exchange rates, particularly between sterling and the euro and between sterling and the US dollar.
     Corus derives most of its turnover and incurs most of its costs in the EU. Within the EU, Corus has substantial assets and sales in the UK, which is not a member of the eurozone. Whereas the majority of the costs of Corus in the UK are not affected by the sterling to euro exchange rate, steel prices in Europe, including the UK, in the medium and long term are largely set in euros. Therefore, fluctuations in the sterling to euro exchange rate impact heavily on Corus’ revenue in the UK. In 2003, £6.3 billion or 79% of the Group’s total turnover was derived from Europe, the most important market for the Group. Turnover in other export markets and Corus’ major supplies purchases, including iron ore and coal, are mainly denominated in US dollars. Corus’ aluminium sales, which are based on London Metal Exchange (LME) prices, are also quoted in US dollars. As a result, Corus’ revenues are also impacted by fluctuations in the US dollar to sterling and the euro. Exchange rate volatility affects the Group’s results from operations in a number of ways. It impacts the Group’s revenues from export markets, affects the strength of Corus’ competitors and their ability to penetrate the UK steel market, and exposes Corus’ UK customers to similar pressures, which may result in a reduction in demand for steel in the UK. 


2    Form 20–F 2003

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Certain business decisions concerning Corus’ business require approval by the Corus Nederland Supervisory Board, a body whose composition is outside the control of Corus, and that has previously withheld its approval of a key strategy decision of Corus Group.
     Corus Nederland is subject to the mitigated structure regime under the provisions of the Dutch Civil Code. Under this regime, Corus Nederland is required to have a Supervisory Board which plays a significant role in the governance of Corus Nederland. Although Corus indirectly owns all the issued shares in Corus Nederland, it cannot appoint or dismiss members of the Supervisory Board, as they are appointed and dismissed by the Supervisory Board itself. Corus is able to appoint and dismiss the members of the Management Board of Corus Nederland, which runs its day to day affairs. The Supervisory Board owes duties to constituencies beyond Corus Group plc and its shareholders, which includes employees, bondholders and trade creditors of Corus Nederland and its subsidiaries.

     Under mandatory Dutch law, a number of important decisions taken by the Management Board are subject to the approval of the Supervisory Board. In March 2003, the Corus Nederland Supervisory Board withheld its approval from the proposed sale of the Group’s aluminium rolled products and extrusions operations to Pechiney.

     If Corus is not able to obtain the approval of the Supervisory Board for the decisions affecting the businesses held by Corus Nederland or the co-operation of the Supervisory Board on other matters, this could preclude Corus Group from realising its strategy, developing its business, realising the payment of dividends and the making of intra-group loans by Corus Nederland and utilising cash resources for the benefit of the Corus Group.

Corus has a substantial amount of indebtedness and other obligations, which could limit its operating flexibility and otherwise adversely affect its financial condition.
     As of January 3, 2004, Corus had total borrowings of £1,393 million. Corus may incur other obligations for the refinancing of a portion of this indebtedness or for other purposes. This indebtedness and related covenants could limit Corus’ operating flexibility and could otherwise adversely affect its financial condition.

     This level of indebtedness could have important consequences, including the following:

• it may become difficult for Corus to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditure, debt service requirements, acquisitions or general corporate or other purposes in the future;

• a substantial portion of Corus’ cash flow from operations must be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on its indebtedness, thereby reducing the funds available to Corus for other purposes;

• it may limit, along with the financial and other restrictive covenants applicable to Corus debt, its ability to borrow additional funds even when necessary to maintain adequate liquidity;

• some of Corus’ borrowings are and are expected to be at variable rates of interest (including borrowings under its main banking facility), which will expose Corus to the risk of increased interest rates;

 Corus’ flexibility to adjust to changing economic or market conditions may be constrained and its ability to withstand competitive pressures may be reduced, making Corus more vulnerable to a downturn in general economic conditions; and

• it may place Corus at a competitive disadvantage compared to its competitors, if they have lower levels of debt and, as a consequence, have greater operating and financial flexibility than Corus.

     Corus’ interest costs for its indebtedness are linked to its credit rating. Should Corus’ credit rating be further downgraded, Corus’ interest costs may increase. Additionally, such an event may make it more difficult for Corus to obtain additional financing. The addition of further debt to its current levels could exacerbate the leverage-related risks described above.

     Moreover, Corus’ main bank facility has a final maturity date of June 30, 2006. A significant portion of Corus’ outstanding indebtedness, including its convertible bonds, will reach maturity between 2006 and 2008, which may have a significant effect on Corus’ financial position and results of operations. 


Form 20–F 2003    3

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     If Corus’ cash flow and capital resources are insufficient to fund its debt service requirements and its other obligations, Corus may be forced to reduce or delay scheduled expansion and capital expenditure (particularly with regard to the Restoring Success initiatives), sell material assets or operations, obtain additional capital or restructure or refinance all or a portion of its debt.

Corus ability to comply with the covenants under its senior credit facility will depend on achieving planned financial results.
On July 31, 2003, Corus entered into a secured senior credit facility with an initial principal amount of 1.2 billion. Under this facility, Corus must comply with certain financial covenants. Several of these required measures become more stringent over time. Corus is in compliance with these covenants and expects to remain in compliance. However, compliance with these covenants can be adversely affected if Corus is unable to achieve its planned financial results which, in turn, can be affected by unforeseen events, and by events and circumstances outside of Corus’ control. Corus’ sensitivity to these covenants will diminish as the results of its Restoring Success initiatives begin to take effect. In the event that Corus breaches one of these covenants and is unable to obtain a waiver from the lenders, it will be in default under the main banking facility and, consequently, other indebtedness. Upon a default, the lenders could elect to declare all amounts borrowed under the facility, together with accrued interest, due and payable and/or enforce on the collateral securing the facility.

Corus’ operations may be adversely affected by business interruptions and property damage.
     Corus’ operations may be adversely affected by abnormal unplanned events such as explosions, fires and other industrial accidents, transportation interruptions and inclement weather. On November 8, 2001, an explosion occurred at no. 5 blast furnace at Port Talbot works. Corus’ operating costs for 2002 were affected by the consequences of the explosion and included the cost of buying-in slab, the additional costs of processing bought-in rather than manufactured slab, and the additional costs of increasing throughput at the remaining furnace at Port Talbot. In addition, Corus is liable for the civil claims and other proceedings resulting from the incident. The rebuild and the consequential losses associated with the furnace being out of operation have been largely recovered from insurers. On September 29, 2003, a fire at Scunthorpe works ceased steelmaking there temporarily. The cost of the damage resulting from the fire and other related operating costs and lost contribution, which were not covered by third party insurance, was approximately £20 million.

     As part of its risk management, Corus maintains insurance cover through a combination of self funding and policies purchased from third party insurers. To the extent one or more events occur that are not covered by insurance, Corus’ operating results and cash flows may be materially adversely affected.

Corus’ future pension expenses, based on actuarial assumptions, may prove more costly than currently anticipated and the market value of Corus’ pension assets could decline.
     Corus provides retirement benefits for substantially all of its employees under several benefit and contribution plans. Corus contributes to the defined benefit plans the amount that is required by governing legislation in the countries in which it operates. Pension contributions are calculated by independent actuaries. The actuarial assumptions used may differ from actual results due to changing market and economic conditions, higher or lower withdrawal rates or longer or shorter life spans of participants. These differences may impact Corus’ recorded net pension expense and liability, as well as future funding requirements. As at January 3, 2004, under FRS 17, the market value of Corus’ pension assets was £11.3 billion and its pension liabilities were assessed at £11.2 billion. If there is a significant adverse change in the market value of Corus’ pension assets, Corus may need to increase its pension contributions, which could have an adverse impact on Corus’ financial results.

Risks relating to the steel and aluminium industries
Corus’ results of operations could be adversely affected by the cyclical nature of the steel industry and the industries Corus serves.
     The steel and aluminium industries are highly cyclical, sensitive to general economic conditions and dependent on the condition of certain other industries. Corus’ steel business supports cyclical industries 


4    Form 20–F 2003

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such as the automotive, appliance, construction, packaging and energy industries. As a result, the prices of steel and steel products may fluctuate significantly due to many factors beyond Corus’ control. The demand for steel products is generally affected by macroeconomic fluctuations in Europe and the global markets in which steel companies sell their products. Aluminium end use markets, including the transport (especially automotive and aerospace), construction and packaging sectors, are also cyclical. When downturns occur in these sectors, Corus may experience decreased demand for its products, which may have a material adverse effect on its financial results.

     The volatility and the length and nature of business cycles affecting the steel industry have become increasingly unpredictable, and the recurrence of another major downturn in the industry before the cycle recovers adequately and long enough to allow Corus’ financial condition to improve may have a material adverse impact on Corus.

A change in the demand for steel in China could have a significant impact on the global steel market.
     China is presently increasing steel producing capacity by millions of tonnes every year and importing large volumes of finished steel and raw materials. China’s imports of raw materials are driving up prices globally, particularly for iron ore and scrap. In addition, Chinese demand for freight to import raw materials and export finished products is increasing ocean freight rates to unprecedented levels. Corus has already experienced the impact of higher raw material prices and freight costs, which may further increase. Although China’s demand for steel may continue to grow in the near future, this growth may subside, as the Chinese supply of steel is brought into balance with the demand. A reduction in demand for steel in China may result in reduced raw material prices and freight cost for Corus. However, also as a result, countries presently exporting large volumes to China will be searching for alternative markets. Imports from these other countries could impact the markets that Corus sells into, resulting in Corus losing sales volume, or having to reduce steel prices, which may have a material adverse impact on Corus.

Corus’ profitability may be affected by changes in the cost and availability of raw materials and freight. Corus may not be able to recover increased raw material costs in higher selling prices.
     The prices of many of the raw materials Corus uses depend on supply and demand relationships at a worldwide level, and are therefore subject to fluctuation. The principal raw materials used by Corus are iron ore and coal, purchased on international markets, and scrap.

     Corus enters into long term supply contracts with certain of its raw material vendors. These contracts, however, do not assist in protecting Corus against significant price increases as prices for these contracts are determined on an annual basis. There is a potential time lag between changes in prices under Corus’ purchase contracts and the point when Corus can implement a corresponding change under its sales contracts with its customers.

     Prices for the raw materials that Corus requires may continue to increase and, if they do, Corus may not be able to pass on the entire cost of the increases to its customers or to offset fully the effects of higher raw material costs through productivity improvements, which may cause its profitability to decline. When demand for raw materials is strong, the terms of the purchase contracts may be disadvantageous to Corus. Thus, shortages of, or price increases for, supplies could have a material adverse effect on Corus’ ability to sell certain of its products in a cost-effective manner.

Corus’ business is greatly affected by price volatility, which is largely the result of high fixed costs characteristic of the steel industry.
     The production of steel is capital intensive, with a high proportion of fixed to total costs. Consequently, steel producers seek to maintain high capacity utilisation. If capacity exceeds demand, there is a tendency for prices to fall sharply as supply is largely maintained. Conversely, expansion of capacity requires long lead times so that, if demand grows strongly, prices increase rapidly, as unutilised capacity cannot be brought on line as quickly. The result is substantial price volatility. While Corus has taken steps to reduce operating costs, including reducing steel production capacity, Corus may continue to be affected by significant price volatility and incur operating losses as a result.  


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Strong competition may continue to exert downward pressure on Corus pricing.
     Corus experiences intense competition within the steel and aluminium industries at both a regional and global level. International trade is a substantial component of its business with the result that changes in market conditions in one region are rapidly transmitted to other regions. The competitive arena encompasses quality, customer service, delivery performance, product development and price. Although as a technologically advanced materials producer, Corus attempts to differentiate its products by emphasising non-price competitive advantages, Corus is still subject to the effect of strong price competition from commodity producers (see section ‘Competition - steel’ on page 20 under Item 4).

High energy costs adversely impact Corus’ results of operations.
     Both steel and aluminium production processes are energy intensive. Corus’ operations consume large amounts of energy, in particular natural gas and electricity. A significant increase in energy prices could have an adverse impact on Corus’ financial results. In addition, Corus’ aluminium smelters generally require an uninterrupted supply of intense electrical energy, and any significant interruption may have a technical, commercial and financial impact on the facility concerned.

     The UK, Dutch and German governments have imposed general energy taxes on industry. Corus has endeavoured to minimise the cost impact of these taxes through a series of negotiated agreements. From April 2001, the UK Government has imposed a tax on the business use of energy. A negotiated agreement was signed with the UK Government to allow Corus to take an 80% reduction in the amount of such tax up to the end of 2002. As Corus has met certain energy efficiency targets in 2002, it will receive the 80% reduction for the 2003 and 2004 periods. In order to receive this reduction for 2005 and 2006, Corus will have to meet the energy efficient targets for 2004. The reduction is worth approximately £28 million per annum. In the event Corus fails to meet agreed energy efficiency targets, costs in the form of increased taxation could be significant.

Health, safety and environmental matters, including compliance with environmental laws and remediation of contamination, could result in substantially increased capital requirements and operating costs.
     Corus’ businesses are subject to numerous laws and regulations relating to health, safety and the environment in the countries in which Corus operates. These laws and regulations concern air emissions, wastewater discharges, solid and hazardous waste material handling and disposal, worker health and safety, and the investigation and remediation of contamination. The risks of substantial costs and liabilities related to these laws and regulations are an inherent part of the Group’s business, and future conditions and contamination may develop, arise or be discovered that create substantial environmental compliance or remediation liabilities and costs. Although Corus believes that its operations are in substantial compliance with currently applicable environmental, health and safety regulations, violations of such laws or regulations can lead to fines and penalties. In addition, risks of substantial costs and liabilities, including for the investigation and remediation of past or present contamination, at facilities currently or formerly owned or operated by Corus, or at which wastes have been disposed, are inherent in Corus’ operations, and there can be no assurance that substantial costs and liabilities will not be incurred in the future.

     Other developments, such as increased requirements of environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, increasingly strict enforcement thereof by governmental authorities, and claims for damages to property or injury to persons resulting from the environmental, health or safety impacts of Corus’ operations or past contamination, could prevent or restrict some of Corus’ operations, require the expenditure of significant funds to bring Corus into compliance, involve the imposition of clean up requirements and give rise to civil or criminal liability. There can be no assurance that any such legislation, regulation, enforcement or private claim will not have a material adverse effect on Corus’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

     Corus is currently addressing contamination at its closed facilities, and may be required to initiate environmental investigation and remediation projects at both former and current operating locations. In addition to potential clean up liability, Corus may become subject to monetary fines and penalties for violation of applicable laws, regulations or administrative orders.

 


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Corus may be subject to liability related to the use of hazardous substances in production.
     Corus uses a variety of hazardous materials, gases and chemicals in its manufacturing activities. The management, use and disposal of these substances are regulated by laws and regulations that have not, to date, resulted in material costs to Corus. There can be no assurance that more onerous laws will not be adopted in the future, resulting in material costs or liabilities to Corus. In the event that any of these substances, proves to be toxic or accidents involving these substances occur, Corus may be liable for increased costs for health-related claims or removal or treatment of such substances.

Actions taken by governments of other major steel importing countries can result in disruption to Corus’ business and affect steel prices globally as trade flows adjust.
     The large trade flows and, in particular, large swings in trade, which can result from changing market conditions, can lead to trade remedy actions to protect domestic industries. Exports by Corus to the United States were recently subject to such trade remedies, including “Safeguard” measures imposed by the US under Section 201 of the US Trade Act of 1974 on imports of a number of steel products such as flat rolled steel, plates, and wire rod. Although these “Safeguard” measures have been removed, there can be no assurance, that future similar trade remedy measures instituted by the US or other governments will not have a significant impact on Corus’ export sales in the future or that Corus will be able to mitigate the impact of such measures.

ITEM 4.   INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

  Introduction
     Corus was formed in October 1999 by the merger of British Steel and KH. Corus produced 19 million tonnes of crude steel in 2003 and estimates that on the date hereof it is the seventh largest steel producer in the world. Its European steelworks accounted for approximately 11% of the EU’s steel production in 2003. The majority of Corus steel is rolled in its own mills although it supplies semi-finished steel products to other steelmakers for rolling into finished products. Europe, principally the EU including the UK, is the most important market for Corus, accounting for 80% of total carbon steel turnover in 2003, with North America accounting for 9% and other areas for 11%.

     The aluminium businesses of Corus manufacture and supply primary products, rolled products and extrusions. Corus was, in 2003, the fifth largest producer of rolled aluminium products in the world and the fifth largest producer of rolled and extruded aluminium products combined. Europe, principally the EU including the UK, is the most important market for Corus, accounting for 75% of total aluminium turnover in 2003, with North America accounting for 17% and other areas for 8%.

     Corus produces carbon steel by the basic oxygen steelmaking method at three integrated steelworks in the UK located at Port Talbot, Scunthorpe and Teesside and at one in the Netherlands at IJmuiden. Engineering steels are produced using the electric arc furnace method, currently in two other UK steelworks (Rotherham and Stocksbridge). Carbon steel is also produced by the electric arc furnace method at Tuscaloosa in the United States. Capacity and output figures of these steelworks for the twelve month period from January 2003 to December 2003 are set out on page 26 ‘Property, plants and equipment’.

     The steelworks of Corus supply steel not only to external customers but also to other Corus operating sites. A number of the Corus rolling mills and process lines are located on the same sites as the steelworks, but the substantial majority of operating sites do not have steelmaking facilities. These include the sites set out on page 27 ‘Property, plants and equipment’.

     Corus produces primary aluminium in two smelters located in Delfzijl in the Netherlands and Voerde in Germany. Following the disposal of the Group’s interest in Aluminerie Alouette in 2002, this primary aluminium represents approximately 40% of the metal needs of the rolling mills and extrusion works of Corus. The European rolling mills are located at Koblenz in Germany and Duffel in Belgium. In Canada a 60% owned mill is located in Cap-de-la-Madeleine. Corus has extrusion operations at three locations in Germany, one in Belgium and one in China (61% owned).

 


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     In the EU, Corus has an extensive network of sales offices, processing and service centre locations for the distribution and, in some cases, the further processing of its products. Outside the EU, Corus has sales offices in over twenty countries which are supported by a worldwide trading network and a number of processing and service centres. This network is supported by agency agreements and joint venture or associate arrangements in a number of markets.

  History and development of the Company
     Since 1945, the UK steel industry has undergone fundamental changes of structure and ownership. It was nationalised in 1949, substantially denationalised from 1953 onwards and then largely renationalised in 1967, when BSC was formed from 14 of the major UK steel producing companies. On December 5, 1988, HM Government disposed of substantially all of the equity of British Steel in an offering made in the UK, the United States, Canada, Europe and Japan. British Steel’s Ordinary shares were traded on the London Stock Exchange and, in the form of American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”), evidenced by American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), on the New York Stock Exchange up to and including October 5, 1999.

     On October 6, 1999, British Steel merged with KH to form a new group whose parent company is Corus Group plc. On that date British Steel became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Corus Group plc. On October 8, 1999, British Steel was re-registered as a private company.

     The merger was implemented by the acquisition of British Steel by Corus Group plc, the new UK holding company, pursuant to a Scheme of Arrangement of British Steel under section 425 of the Companies Act 1985 and a public offer by Corus for the Hoogovens Ordinary shares.

     Under the terms of the merger, on October 6, 1999, British Steel shareholders received one Ordinary share in Corus in exchange for each British Steel Ordinary share held and either 35 pence in cash or 35 pence in nominal amount of Corus Floating Rate Unsecured Loan Notes 2006 (“Loan Notes”) per existing British Steel share (approximately £694 million in total). Holders of British Steel ADSs received Corus ADSs representing ten Ordinary shares in Corus and $5.8205 cash for each ADS held. Hoogovens ordinary shareholders received 29.18 Corus Ordinary shares in exchange for each Hoogovens Ordinary share. Upon completion of the merger, the former British Steel shareholders held approximately 65% and the former Hoogovens ordinary shareholders held approximately 35% of the issued Ordinary share capital of Corus. Hoogovens Convertible Bonds, which were convertible into Hoogovens Ordinary shares, became exchangeable for Corus Ordinary shares upon completion of the merger.

     Corus was incorporated in the name of BSKH plc in England and Wales on July 16, 1999 and was established for the purpose of the merger. The name was subsequently changed to Corus Group plc on September 28, 1999, prior to the merger. The corporate headquarters are in London. The address and telephone number of Corus and its agent in the USA are shown on page 118 of the Report & Accounts 2003, contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004, which is incorporated herein by reference and attached as an exhibit hereto.

     From October 6, 1999, Corus Ordinary shares were traded on the London Stock Exchange. They were also traded, in the form of ADSs, evidenced by ADRs, on the New York Stock Exchange.

     In connection with a placing and open offer on November 12, 2003, the existing Ordinary shares of Corus Group plc were subdivided and converted from one existing Ordinary share of 50p into one Ordinary share of 10p and one Deferred share of 40p. For more information see Item 4, ‘Placing and open offer’ on page 11.

     Prior to October 2003, Corus Group consisted of 20 main business units, focused on specific markets, products and processes. From October 2003, these business units have been structured into four main divisions and a speciality portfolio: Strip Products, Long Products, Aluminium, Distribution and Building Systems, and Speciality Portfolio. The Group will report on this basis from 2004.

 Avesta Sheffield AB and AvestaPolarit Oyj Abp
     In September 2000, a proposed merger between Outokumpu Steel Oyj and Avesta Sheffield was announced. This merger was completed on January 22, 2001, creating AvestaPolarit Oyj Abp, one of the

 


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world’s largest stainless steel producers. Until July 1, 2002, Corus had a 23% holding in AvestaPolarit Oyj Abp. Corus had a holding in Avesta Sheffield prior to the merger of 51%.

On July 1, 2002, Corus announced the sale of its stake in AvestaPolarit Oyj Abp to Outokumpu Oyj for

6.55 per share in cash, plus 25 million in cash as consideration for the termination of the shareholders’ agreement between Corus and Outokumpu Oyj entered into in connection with the formation of AvestaPolarit Ojy Abp in January 2001. The total proceeds amounted to approximately 555 million (approximately £356 million).

 Aluminium businesses
     In March 2002 Corus announced that, following a reappraisal of its position in the global aluminium industry, it was to offer its aluminium businesses for sale. On August 16, 2002 Corus announced that it had agreed to sell a 20% interest it had in the Aluminerie Alouette smelter in Canada to Alcan for US$165 million (approximately £107 million) in cash, with a consideration for working capital on completion. This sale took place in September 2002.

     On October 23, 2002 Corus announced that it had agreed in principle to the sale of its aluminium rolled products and extrusions businesses to Pechiney S.A. for 861 million (approximately £543 million). It was intended that a definitive sale and purchase agreement would be entered into following completion of internal consultation, advice and approval processes. However, the Supervisory Board of Corus Nederland BV decided on March 10, 2003 to reject the recommendation to proceed with the sale. On March 11, 2003 Corus Group plc announced it would commence proceedings before the Enterprise Chamber of the Amsterdam Court of Appeal to seek redress in respect of this decision. However, this request was unsuccessful and, as no appeal procedure was available to resolve the issue in time for the sale to proceed, Corus accepted the Court’s decision as final. Pechiney was informed that Corus would not now proceed with the sale and, as a result, a break fee of 20 million was paid to Pechiney in 2003. The exclusivity period granted to Pechiney under the commitment agreement has now come to an end.

     On February 5, 2004 Corus announced it was entering the early stages of a process to actively consider the options for its aluminium businesses, which may lead to discussions with third parties.

 Restoring Success
     Following his appointment as Chief Executive of Corus with effect from May 1, 2003, Philippe Varin carried out an intensive and detailed review of the Group’s activities. As a result a number of key initiatives were launched, known as the “Restoring Success” initiatives, focusing on introducing new leadership and instilling a new corporate culture across the Group, aligning the financial resources available to the Group with its future strategic needs, and returning all parts of the Group to acceptable levels of profitability, by building on existing cost reduction programmes, implementing restructuring proposals for the UK asset base and initiating further Group-wide efficiency measures, described below.

     The Group’s aim is to close the competitive gap that currently exists between Corus and its European peer group. Corus estimates that this gap in 2003 was some 6% at the EBITDA margin level (i.e. EBITDA to turnover) when measured against the average of its European competitors. Full implementation of the Restoring Success initiatives described below is designed to close the current competitive gap by the end of 2006.

Existing ongoing initiatives
     A number of cost reduction and efficiency programmes are still ongoing, the benefits of which are planned to
     be realised over the next few years. These include:

• the final stages of previously announced headcount reduction programmes.

• the ‘World Class IJmuiden’ programme, aimed at achieving significant performance improvement across the Dutch flat carbon steel business through increased output and productivity improvements, as well as improved sales mix.

 


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• the ‘High Performance Strip UK’ programme, aimed at achieving significant performance improvement in the UK flat products business through improved purchasing, lower manufacturing costs, and improved customer service and delivery performance.

UK restructuring
     In April 2003 Corus outlined the results of a review of the Group’s UK asset base, recognising the need to reverse the significant losses that had been incurred as a result of the progressive decline of UK manufacturing, high sterling exchange rates and increased market penetration from steel imports. The main objectives of the review were to size the business to the available market whilst eradicating the losses and creating an internationally competitive cost base for the UK businesses, which would be cash positive even at the bottom of the cycle. The key finding was that steelmaking in the UK should be concentrated on three sites that should be developed to meet their continuing requirements of providing feedstock for the Group’s UK mills and downstream businesses. Steelmaking for strip products should be concentrated at Port Talbot in South Wales, steelmaking for long products at Scunthorpe in North Lincolnshire and steelmaking for engineering steels at Rotherham in South Yorkshire.

     Once UK restructuring has been completed, Teesside steelmaking capacity will be surplus to the Group’s internal requirements and therefore, to avoid closure, the potential for refocusing the site as a cash generative slab exporter is being assessed. Options including joint ventures and equity partnerships are currently being explored.

     With steelmaking for strip products in the UK concentrated at Port Talbot, the mills and coating line at Llanwern will be supplied from there.

     With steel production and primary rolling for engineering steels concentrated at Rotherham, the closure of steelmaking and hot rolling at Stocksbridge in South Yorkshire should take place in 2005. The aerospace steels and all finishing of engineering billets/rounds will remain at the Stocksbridge site. At Rotherham, the Thrybergh bar mill will be enhanced to roll coiled bar and the Roundwood coiled bar mill will be closed. The finishing facilities at Tipton in the West Midlands will also be relocated to Rotherham.

     In the light of the above the Group’s UK steelmaking requirements for the core strip products, long products and engineering steels businesses (i.e. not including Teesside) would reduce to become 10.5 million tonnes a year largely focussed on satisfying UK market demand. Approximately 1,150 jobs would be directly affected by these closures and rationalisation measures.

     The Board anticipates that the capital expenditure and restructuring cash costs associated with these proposals should not exceed £250 million (including the cost of the closure of Teesside should this prove unavoidable). These funds are to be provided from the disposal of non-core activities and the placing and open offer completed in December 2003, which is discussed further below, supported if appropriate by Export Credit Agency backed finance.

Further initiatives
     The Restoring Success project includes, in addition to the existing ongoing cost reduction programs and UK restructuring, a series of initiatives designed to improve Group performance to be in line with its European peer group. During the second half of 2003 a detailed review process took place aimed at identifying and quantifying areas in which significant further savings could be achieved.

     In total, target cost savings and profit improvement opportunities of up to £350 million per annum have been identified, to be achieved by the end of 2006, as follows:

• up to £200 million cost savings per annum through manufacturing excellence, purchasing savings and supply chain optimisation;

• up to £70 million cost savings per annum through rationalising support functions across the Group. Functions which have already been benchmarked against industry best practice include finance, information technology and human resources; and

 


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• up to £80 million profit improvement per annum through rebalancing the Group’s product - customer mix towards premium end-markets.

     The Group’s capital expenditure plans going forward allow for a significant increase from the current levels of capital expenditure to support these initiatives, including UK restructuring.

 Bank facility
     On July 31, 2003 the Company signed a new 1,200 million banking facility to replace the facility that was due to expire at the end of January 2004. The new amortising syndicated facility has a final maturity date of June 30, 2006, and provides committed bank financing for Corus’ working capital requirements. The scheduled reductions under the facility reduce the commitment at the end of January 2004 to 1,000 million until the end of June 2005; then to 800 million until the end of December 2005; and then to 600 million until the end of June 2006. On December 11, 2003, following the receipt of proceeds from the placing and open offer, the commitment under the facility was reduced by voluntary cancellation to 1,000 million.

  Placing and open offer
     On November 12, 2003 the Company announced a placing and open offer of 5 New Ordinary shares for 12 Old Ordinary shares to raise approximately £307 million before expenses (£291 million after expenses). 1,304 million New Ordinary shares were offered at a price of 23.5p per share. This share issue was approved at an Extraordinary General Meeting on December 5, 2003, and proceeds were received on December 11, 2003.

     Prior to the issue of the New Ordinary shares, the nominal value of 50p of each Old Ordinary share exceeded the proposed issue price of 23.5p per New Ordinary share. As a matter of company law, it was not possible for the Company to issue shares at less than their nominal value and, therefore, in order to effect the placing and open offer the existing issued Ordinary shares were subdivided and converted from one Old Ordinary share of 50p into one New Ordinary share of 10p and one Deferred share of 40p, and each existing but unissued Ordinary share was converted into five New Ordinary shares of 10p. This resulted in 9,478,827,378 New Ordinary shares and 3,130,418,153 Deferred shares being created under a share capital reorganisation.

 Capital expenditure
The capital expenditure over the last three financial periods is set out below.

 
December 29,
2001
Year ended
December 28,
2002
(in millions)
January 3,
2004
 
Capital expenditure
£166
£188
£163
 

     The major focus of capital expenditure in the period from December 30, 2000 to December 28, 2002 was on the completion of the steel plant capacity increase at IJmuiden, linked to the Direct Sheet Plant scheme, the commencement of rebuilding of Port Talbot no. 5 blast furnace, the relining of IJmuiden no. 6 blast furnace, preparations for the reline of IJmuiden no. 7 blast furnace and the continuous annealing line for aluminium at Duffel (Belgium). Other notable schemes completed in the period were the reconfiguration of an electrolytic tinning line at Trostre (South Wales) following the closure of Ebbw Vale works and the transfer of a double reduction rolling mill to IJmuiden, the enhancement of a bloom caster at Scunthorpe and a new 90MN press to replace a large press at the Bonn extrusions plant.

     A description of the principal capital expenditures and divestitures since December 28, 2002, including those currently in progress, is incorporated herein by reference from pages 12 and 13 ‘Summary’, pages 18 and 19 ‘Carbon steel – Investment’, and pages 21 and 22 ‘Aluminium – Investment’ of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004.

 


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     The principal acquisitions and dispositions of businesses during the period from December 30, 2000 to December 28, 2002 are noted below. With the exception of the Avesta Sheffield merger and the disposal of AvestaPolarit Oyj Abp, none of these are material to Corus.

January 22, 2001

Avesta Sheffield AB ceased to be a subsidiary of Corus and, from the same date, AvestaPolarit Oyj Abp became an associated undertaking.

March 27, 2001

Trico Steel LLC, the Group’s 25% owned US joint venture, filed for Chapter 11 protection from creditors.

June 28, 2001

The trade and assets of PSW Industries were sold to Tempel Steel for £13 million.

November 9, 2001

The trade and assets of Trico Steel LLC, the Group’s 25% US joint venture, was sold to Nucor Corporation.

March 28, 2002

The Group’s stake in Galtec, a joint venture company, was sold to Sidmar for proceeds of £12 million.

July 1, 2002

AvestaPolarit Oyj Abp, the Group’s 23.2% associated undertaking, was sold to Outokumpu Oyj for £356 million.

August 21, 2002

Acquisition of Erik Olsson and Söner of Sweden for £9 million.

September 17, 2002

The Group’s 20% interest in the Aluminerie Alouette smelter was sold to Alcan for £107 million.

December 27, 2002

Acquisition of Precoat International plc for £7 million.

     A description of the acquisitions and dispositions since December 28, 2002, is incorporated herein by reference from pages 27 and 28 ‘Acquisitions and disposals’ of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004.

 Business overview
Products and their markets – carbon steel
     Corus sells its carbon steel products direct to end users and through stockholders. The stockholding sector, including the stockholding business of Corus, plays a major role in the distribution of most finished products.

     The table below sets out Corus carbon steel sales in 2003 by major product grouping and by geographical market:

  By Value   By Volume  
  £ millions   % of
total
  millions of tonnes   % of
total
 
Strip products (including tubes) 3,696   53   11.3   63  
Long products (including wire rod) 1,129   16   4.1   23  
Engineering steels 397   6   1.1   6  
Other carbon steel products (including semi-finished) 201   3   1.3   7  
Total carbon steel products (a) 5,423   78   17.8   100  
Distribution and further processing (b) 1,330   19          
Others 219   3          
Total (c) 6,972   100          
UK 2,085   30          
Other European 3,476   50          
North America 618   9          
Other areas 793   11          
Total (c) 6,972   100          

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     (a) Deliveries by Corus mills, including transfers to Corus stockholders, service centres and similar activities.

     (b) “Distribution and further processing” includes the sales value of products sourced by Corus stockholders, service centres and similar activities from outside Corus and the value added to products sourced from within Corus.

     (c) The information contained in Note 1 to the accounts of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004, is incorporated herein by reference.

     In 2003 about 60% of Corus crude steel production (excluding Tuscaloosa) was rolled into hot rolled coil. Most of the remainder was further processed into sections, plates, engineering steels or wire rod, or sold in semi-finished form. Some 35% of hot rolled coil was sold without further processing, approximately 50% was further processed in cold rolling mills and the remainder was transferred to Corus tube mills for the manufacture of welded tubes.

     Corus has recently reorganised into a structure that comprises four main operating divisions and a speciality portfolio. The bulk of Corus’ carbon steel products are manufactured by businesses within its Strip Products and Long Products divisions, although a number of products are also produced by businesses within the Speciality Portfolio. The Corus major carbon steel groupings comprise strip products, long products, engineering steels and other carbon steel products. The main products included within these groupings and their main markets are described below.

Strip products
     Corus’ main strip products production facilities are in the Netherlands at IJmuiden, and at Port Talbot and Llanwern, in the UK. The strip products grouping comprises uncoated and coated strip, and welded tubes.

     Uncoated strip products comprise hot rolled, cold reduced and electrical steels, which are sold both in coil form and, cut to length, in sheet form. Hot rolled coil is manufactured in a wide range of widths and thicknesses as the feedstock for cold reduced coil and welded tubes, and for many different industrial applications. Cold reduced coil and sheet are sold for use in the automotive industry (for example, in car body panels) and in the domestic appliance, engineering and metal goods industries, including the manufacture of drums and radiators. Cold reduced coil is also the basic material for coated strip products.

     Electrical steels are manufactured by a 75% owned subsidiary of Corus. Hot and cold rolled coil are processed to produce a range of strip steels with precise magnetic properties, used by manufacturers of electrical equipment for transformers, motors, generators and alternators.

     Corus’ coated strip products comprise metallic coated products (e.g. zinc and alloy-coated), non-metallic coated products (e.g. painted and plastic coated steels) and tinplate. Steels coated with zinc, special alloys, paint or plastic provide a corrosion resistance and decorative finish, which are used by the construction industry and by manufacturers of motor vehicles and consumer durables. These steels are used for such applications as roofing, the side cladding and decking of buildings, body panels in motor vehicles and the casing of domestic appliances. Tinplate is used for packaging in the food and beverage industries and for other domestic and industrial applications.

     Corus is one of the global market leaders in the manufacture of coated strip products and in steel for packaging production.

     Corus produces steel tubes for a variety of industrial uses, including for lighting columns, transmission poles for electrical services, ships’ masts and derricks, oil, gas, water and air mains, and scaffolding tubes. Structural hollow sections, both circular and rectangular, are used in the construction, mechanical handling, agricultural and general engineering fields.

Long products
     Corus’ main long products production facilities are at Scunthorpe, the Group’s largest steelmaking site in the UK, and at Teesside. The long products grouping comprises sections and plates, and wire rods.

 


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     Sections and plates are manufactured in primary and finishing mills where the steel is formed by rolling reheated concast (continuously casting) slabs and blooms or ingots to produce particular product shapes. Sections (including beams, columns, bearing piles, sheet piling, joists and channels, rails and sleepers) are used in the construction, engineering, mining and railway industries. Special sections are used in automotive components, earth-moving equipment, fork lift trucks and the mining industry. Plates are used in connection with offshore oil and gas production, power generation, mining, earth-moving and mechanical handling equipment, shipbuilding, boiler and pressure vessels, and structural steelwork. Corus’ plates and piling products are also being used for the renewable energy industry in onshore and offshore wind farms in Europe. Wire rod is used for drawing into a variety of wire products.

Engineering steels
     Corus’ wide range of engineering steels products includes free cutting, improved machining, spring, forging and general steels for the automotive and related markets together with specialist steels for the aerospace, power generation, oil and gas exploration and engineering industries. Engineering steels are produced by the electric arc method from scrap as opposed to the basic oxygen steelmaking method. Corus’ engineering steels are currently produced in the UK at Rotherham and Stocksbridge. Corus is one of the largest manufacturers of engineering steels in Europe.

Other carbon steel products
     Corus supplies a range of semi-finished carbon steel products in the form of billets, blooms and slabs for rerolling and subsequent processing to Corus’ service centres and to third party service centres.

Product and market strategies
     Corus product and marketing strategies are:

• to provide customers with a broad range of steel products and innovative metal solutions to meet their requirements;

• to differentiate its products from those of other producers by brand marketing and product quality;

• to increase sales of those finished products that contribute higher margins;

• to maintain and improve the relative position of steel against competing materials, for example by developing new products with higher corrosion resistance and strength-to-weight ratios; and

• to continue to improve all aspects of customer service and its distribution network for finished products.

UK market
     The table below sets out carbon steel sales in the UK over the financial periods indicated. Figures up to October 2, 1999 are in respect of British Steel and, thereafter, Corus.

 
Year ended
April 3,
1999
Six
months
ended
October 2,
1999
Fifteen
months
ended
December 30,
2000
December 29,
2001
Year ended
December 28,
2002
January 3,
2004
 
 
(in millions)
 
UK
£2,491
£1,048
£2,950
£2,178
£1,984
£2,085
 

Market share. The estimated total UK market for carbon steel products in 2003 amounted to 12.8 million tonnes. The main Corus product range covers approximately 84% of the total UK market for finished products. Products outside the main Corus range include reinforcing rods and bars, and other light bars and sections.

 


14    Form 20–F 2003

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     Corus deliveries to the UK market in 2003 totalled 6.1 million tonnes, of which 5.5 million tonnes were in its main carbon steel products, and its market share for the products within its range amounted to 51% in 2003. Other UK steel companies had a 5% market share, while imports had a 44% market share, of which approximately 75% were from other EU countries in 2003.

     The following table shows UK consumption of carbon steel products over the financial periods indicated.

 
Year ended
April 3,
1999
Six
months
ended
October 2,
1999
Fifteen
months
ended
December 30,
2000
December 29,
2001
Year ended
December 28,
2002
January 3,
2004
 
          (in millions of tonnes)          
UK consumption of main carbon                        
   steel products:    
                 
   Within the Corus range 11.5  
5.6
  14.2   10.9   10.7   10.7  
   Outside the Corus range 2.8  
1.3
  3.2   2.3   2.0   2.1  
   Total consumption 14.3  
6.9
  17.4   13.2   12.7   12.8  
UK consumption of main carbon    
                 
   steel products within the Corus    
                 
   current range was met by:    
                 
   Corus deliveries (a) 6.2  
3.0
  7.8   5.5   5.4   5.5  
   Other UK steel companies’ deliveries 0.6  
0.3
  0.7   0.6   0.6   0.5  
   Imports 4.7  
2.3
  5.7   4.8   4.7   4.7  
   Total deliveries 11.5  
5.6
  14.2   10.9   10.7   10.7  
Corus UK market share (%) 54  
53
  55   50   50   51  

     (a) Excluding deliveries of semi-finished products to other UK steel companies.

     (b) Prior to October 3, 1999 figures relate to the British Steel range.

     (c) Main carbon steel products exclude stainless steel products.

Non-UK sales
     The table below sets out Corus carbon steel sales outside the UK by geographical market over the financial periods indicated. Figures up to October 2, 1999 are in respect of British Steel and, thereafter, Corus.

Year ended
April 3,
1999
Six
months
ended
October 2,
1999
Fifteen
months
ended
December 30,
2000
December 29,
2001
Year ended
December 28,
2002
January 3,
2004
 
            (in millions)          
EU (excluding UK)   £1,580   £681   £3,726   £2,848   £2,733   £3,154  
Europe (excluding EU)   178   70   337   261   291   322  
North America   466   231   1,188   706   716   618  
South America   28   15   60   52   34   72  
Africa   42   15   94   100   78   83  
Asia   255   115   339   370   376   611  
Australasia   17   10   31   19   19   27  
Total   £2,566   £1,137   £5,775   £4,356   £4,247   £4,887  

     Export sales from the UK and overseas sales of £4,887 million represented 70% of Corus’ total carbon steel sales in 2003. Corus’ carbon steel exports from the UK totalled £1,566 million in 2003. The major combined market outside the UK for Corus is the rest of the EU, which accounted for 45% of its carbon steel sales in 2003. Steel demand in the EU (excluding the UK) was approximately 126 million product tonnes in 2003, of which the Corus market share was approximately 7%.

 


Form 20–F 2003    15

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     Domestic selling prices of major steel producers are generally higher than their export prices for a number of reasons. These include the ability of producers to provide additional services to domestic customers, competitive advantages associated with proximity to customers and differences in market sectors and types of customer. Thus the return to Corus on sales in its domestic markets, principally the UK and the other EU countries, is generally higher than its return on other sales. Prices for export sales can fluctuate considerably over time in different markets, depending on local market conditions, exchange rates and other economic factors.

     North America and Asia are also important markets, both accounting for 13% of exports and overseas sales in 2003. This compared with 17% and 9% respectively in 2002, with North American sales affected by Section 201 import restrictions and Asian sales benefiting from strong demand in China and other Asian export markets.

Distribution
     Corus sells its carbon steel products direct to end users and through its own and other stockholding and service centre businesses. Stockholders purchase steel from high-volume producers for subsequent resale and service centres purchase steel stocks for further processing prior to selling to customers. The majority of stockholder and service centre activity in the EU is accounted for by companies owned by steel producers. As part of its strategy of developing distribution activities, Corus has, in prior years, acquired a number of independent stockholders and service centres in various EU countries. The stockholding and service centre sector plays a major role in the distribution of most finished products in the EU steel market. In addition to offering rapid off-the-shelf service to low volume customers, major stockholders and service centres, including Corus’ businesses, increasingly offer further processing facilities to the automotive, construction and earth-moving equipment industries, among others. Typically, the large volume purchasers buy directly from Corus’ business units, whereas lower volume customers buy from stockholders and service centres, including those owned by Corus.

     Approximately 50% of Corus’ total UK deliveries of carbon steel products in 2003 went directly to end-users. The balance was distributed through Corus’ UK stockholders and service centres or third party service centres. It is estimated that stockholders and service centres handled approximately 60% of all steel imports into the UK.

Products and their markets – aluminium
     Corus is focused on customer specific aluminium products and has a low level of standardised high volume products. In March 2002, Corus announced that it was to offer its aluminium businesses for sale (see Item 4, page 9, ‘Aluminium businesses’).

     The table below sets out Corus’ aluminium sales in 2003 by major product grouping and by geographical market:

  By Value   By Volume  
 
£ millions
% of
total
millions
of tonnes
% of
total
Rolled products full price 642   65   0.34   61  
Rolled products tolling 21   2      
Extrusions 214   22   0.09   16  
Primary metal 104   11   0.13   23  
Total 981   100   0.56   100  
UK 63   6   0.02   4  
EU 636   65   0.38   68  
Other European 41   4   0.02   4  
North America 163   17   0.10   17  
Asia 58   6   0.03   5  
Other areas 20   2   0.01   2  
Total (a) 981   100   0.56   100  

16    Form 20–F 2003

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     (a) The information contained in Note 1 to the accounts of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004, is incorporated herein by reference.

     In 2003 the production of primary metal covered approximately 40% of the needs of the Corus rolled and extruded product businesses. Almost all rolled products are hot rolled, further cold rolled and finished. The major aluminium product groupings and their main markets are described below.

Rolled products
     Rolled products, including aluminium plate, sheet and coil for the aerospace sector, heat exchangers and construction and automotive products, accounted for 67% of Corus’ aluminium business turnover during 2003.

     Corus produces five main varieties of rolled products: aircraft plate and sheet, commercial plate, heat exchange materials, automotive body sheet and speciality coil and sheet. The major markets for these rolled products are in Europe, North America and the Far East. Coil and sheet products are sold mainly to the European market. Corus is one of the major suppliers of aircraft plate in the world, supplying major aircraft manufacturers and their respective subcontractors.

     Corus is ranked number two in Europe in terms of volume of commercial plate, which is used predominately in the transport and engineering sectors, supplied in 2003. Corus is one of the world’s leading producers of clad sheet and fins for the heat exchanger market, which is used predominantly in the automotive industry and related component suppliers.

     Corus does not concentrate on supplying the packaging sector, which is the major application area for aluminium products, but concentrates on customer specific products in the transport, engineering, construction and household application sectors.

Extrusions
     Extrusion products are divided into four product combinations: industrial extrusions, building systems, hard alloys, and projects. Corus’ main customers for these products are the building and construction, transport, electrical and mechanical engineering industries. Corus is one of the leading European suppliers of specialty rods and hard alloy extrusions, of which the major consumer is the automotive sector.

Primary metal
     Corus primary aluminium smelters produce approximately 250,000 tonnes of rolling ingots and billets of which some 200,000 tonnes are made from alumina (processed bauxite) using an electrolysis process. Approximately 70% of this output is dedicated to its downstream operations with the remainder sold to external customers under tolling or direct sales contracts.

Product and market strategies
     Corus focuses its product mix on technically demanding, service related products made to customer specifications and sold directly to end users, which it believes distinguishes it from large volume producers and low cost standard producers. For this reason it is not active in producing can stock, foil and standard distributor sheet.


Form 20–F 2003    17

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Market
    Corus has only been active in the aluminium segment following the merger with KH. The table below sets out Corus’ aluminium sales over the financial periods indicated.

 
Year ended
April 3,
1999
Six
months
ended
October 2,
1999
Fifteen
months
ended
December 30,
2000
 
Year ended
December 28,
2002
December 29,
2001
January 3,
2004
          (in millions)          
UK
  £123   £104   £87   £63  
EU
  739   644   604   636  
Other European
  78   93   30   41  
North America
  201   171   165   163  
Asia
  64   51   53   58  
Other areas
  22   22   18   20  
Total
  £1,227   £1,085   £957   £981  

     The transport sector (especially aerospace and automotive) is the largest market for downstream aluminium business, accounting for approximately 35% of Corus’ rolled products sales and approximately 29% of its extrusions sales. The construction industry is also a key market for both the rolled products and the extrusions business, accounting for approximately 18% and 35% of turnover, respectively.

Distribution
     Corus sells 90% of its finished products direct to end users, sales to distributors and service centres, including the distribution businesses of Corus, counting for less than 10% of total sales.

Products and their markets – stainless steel
Stainless steel products
     AvestaPolarit Oyj Abp was formed on January 22, 2001 by the merger between Outokumpu Steel Oyj and Avesta Sheffield. The Corus holding in Avesta Sheffield prior to the merger was 51%. The Corus holding in AvestaPolarit following the merger was 23%. Corus has since sold its stake in AvestaPolarit to Outokumpu. This sale was announced on July 1, 2002. Total proceeds of the sale received by Corus were approximately € 555 million (approximately £356 million).

     Prior to Corus’ sale of its holding in AvestaPolarit, AvestaPolarit had an annual stainless steel melting capacity of about 2 million tonnes. It produced a range of grades of stainless steel, typically each with different properties, by varying the levels of chromium, nickel and molybdenum. Molten steel was typically cast into either slabs or billets. These slabs were then generally rolled into coil or into heavy plate. The coil processing systems in Tornio, Avesta, Nyby, Kloster and Sheffield were the core business of AvestaPolarit. Hot rolled coil was subject to further processing for use in both household and industrial applications, including the food, petrochemical and construction industries. Cold rolled coil was also used as the feedstock for the manufacture of welded pipe and tube, fittings and precision strip. Tubes and fittings were used primarily for the transport of corrosive gases in the process industry and precision strip was used for cutting edge applications, heat exchangers and a wide range of other end uses. Billets were typically rolled into bar or rod which could be drawn into smaller diameter bar or wire. The heavy plate was commonly used in the pulp and paper industry, oil and gas, power plants and chemical tankers.

 


18    Form 20–F 2003

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Market
     The table below sets out Corus’ stainless steel sales over the financial periods indicated.

 
Year ended
April 3,
1999
Six
months
ended
October 2,
1999
Fifteen
months
ended
December 30,
2000
December 29,
2001
Year ended
December 28,
2002
January 3,
2004
            (in millions)          
UK   £172   £71   £201   £9  
£–
 
£–
 
EU (excluding UK)   657   286   1,012   47  
 
 
Europe (excluding EU)   117   48   126   6  
 
 
North America   191   96   258   12  
 
 
South America   7   2   11    
 
 
Africa   11   2   7    
 
 
Asia   27   11   109   5  
 
 
Australasia   20   8   22   1  
 
 
Total   £1,202   £524   £1,746   £80  
£–
 
£–
 

     This table only includes sales for the twenty two days of 2001 for which Avesta Sheffield was a subsidiary of Corus. The net sales for AvestaPolarit for that year were 2,851 million.

Distribution
     AvestaPolarit had sales and distribution channels in fifty two countries, including company owned sales units and a number of independent outlets.

The international market environment
Supply and demand – steel
     World crude steel production in 2003 was 964 million tonnes, 61 million tonnes higher than in 2002. The table below shows a breakdown of world crude steel production in 2003.

  Year ended December 31, 2003  
 
millions
of tonnes
%
of total
 
Western Europe (including Turkey)
180
  19  
Japan
111
  11  
North America (including Mexico)
123
  13  
Central and Eastern Europe
140
  14  
China
220
  23  
Other countries
190
  20  
Total
964
  100  

     Source: International Iron and Steel Institute

     The global picture in steel demand and production is heavily influenced by China. Chinese production was reported to have increased in 2003 by 38 million tonnes (21%) from the 2002 level, with demand increasing at a similar rate. These figures may include an element of double counting and accumulation of inventories, and hence overstate the real strength of the market. Consequently the following analysis excludes Chinese production, capacity and demand. Additionally, estimates of effective steelmaking capacity are inevitably imprecise and subject to change as later information becomes available. Consequently, the current view of 2002 and 2003 capacities may differ in small detail from that reported in last year’s Form 20-F.

     On the basis of Corus’ latest estimates, excluding China, effective world steel capacity fell by 6 million tonnes in 2003, to 836 million tonnes. Crude steel production rose by 23 million tonnes to 744 million tonnes, so utilisation of effective capacity improved from 86% to 89%. Corus estimates that there is an excess of

 


Form 20–F 2003    19

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around 100 million tonnes of effective capacity, the lowest level since the 1980’s, of which about one quarter is in the former USSR countries and Central Europe, where further restructuring is underway. Surplus effective capacity in the EU is around 18 million tonnes, unchanged from the latest view of the position in 2002.

     This improvement in the supply/demand situation provided a moderately positive climate for pricing of steel products. However, through the year events such as the SARS epidemic, the Iraq war and the development of the US market as imports and domestic supply responded to the high prices seen in 2002, meant that regional prices continued to exhibit some volatility. Overall, however, prices did move upwards through the year. Towards the end of the year prices began to recover more strongly as China’s effect on the world steel market became more pronounced. The rapid demand growth in China forced up freight rates and the price of key raw materials, and steel prices were pushed up as companies sought to protect profit margins. By the end of the year and into the first quarter of 2004, prices in all regions were increasing strongly in response to rising demand, production constraints and raw material costs.

     World trade in steel products continued to grow in 2003 as trade restrictions introduced in 2001 and 2002 were eased. Strong demand from China resulted in a high level of imports, principally from Japan, Korea, Taiwan and the CIS countries. EU trade remained broadly in balance, with increases both in imports and exports. Excluding trade within the EU, imports and exports each amounted to around 30 million tonnes, or some 20% of demand and production. Trade with the Accession Countries (the ten countries due to join the EU in May 2004) increased, with imports rising to some 7 million tonnes and exports to 5 million tonnes. The main EU export destinations were the USA and China.

Competition – steel
     The main international competitors for Corus are other EU steel producers, however Corus faces significant additional competition from other steel producers worldwide e.g. in Japan, the United States, South Korea, Taiwan, Brazil, South Africa, Turkey, Poland, Russia, Ukraine and many other countries with developing steel industries.

     Corus competes on the basis of the range and quality of its products, price, delivery performance and overall customer service.

     Corus crude steel production in 2003 was some 19 million tonnes. Corus estimates that this placed it seventh in the world and meant that it was the second largest producer in Europe.

     The market for steel is very competitive, with high levels of international trade. Because steel is a capital intensive industry, changes in demand in one region can often lead to significant changes in steel prices in that region. These in turn cause rapid shifts in geographical sales patterns as producers attempt to maintain high capacity utilisation rates while seeking out the best priced markets. As a consequence, world steel prices are strongly cyclical. Having fallen to a low point in 2001, world steel prices expressed in US dollars staged a gradual recovery through 2002 and 2003, supported by a combination of production restraint as several key producers attempted to restore profitability and growing demand in Asia. The momentum of price increases accelerated towards the end of 2003 as raw material prices surged in response to strong demand in China. However, prices in the EU measured in euros were held back by the combination of relatively weak market conditions and the strengthening of the euro against the US dollar. Going into 2004, EU prices are recovering more strongly as increases in steel production are being restricted by inadequate supplies of some key raw materials.

Aluminium
     Corus is currently the fifth largest producer of downstream aluminium rolled and extrusion products globally. Aluminium business accounted for around 12% of Corus sales in the year ended January 3, 2004, having reduced slightly from around 13% in the year ended December 28, 2002.

 


20    Form 20–F 2003

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     Primary aluminium production covers about 40% of the downstream needs of Corus. The main focus of Corus is on downstream activities; selling rolled and extruded products to high value-added markets. Corus is not involved in the high volume packaging and foil elements of the aluminium industry.

Top global aluminium producers: 2003 production of downstream products    
Company
thousands of tonnes
 
Alcoa 2,600  
Alcan (a) 2,550  
Hydro Aluminium 1,350  
Pechiney (a) 850  
Corus 495  
Commonwealth 400  
Furukawa – Sky 400  
Kobe Aluminium 350  

     (a) Alcan and Pechiney have now merged, although the combined tonnages may reduce substantially as a result of divestments required from obtaining regulatory clearance.

     Source: Industry estimates based on annual and quarterly reports, and analyst reports

     Corus has rolling and extrusion plants in Germany and Belgium and, early in 2000, acquired 60% of Reycan (now named Corus LP) in Canada, which produces heat exchanger products at its mill in Cap-de-la-Madeleine. Since the beginning of 2000, there has also been a venture for large extrusions in China.

     The leading five players of rolled products in Europe account for more than 80% of that market. The extrusions market is considerably more fragmented primarily due to its less capital-intensive nature and for reasons of closeness to customers.

Leading aluminium rolled products and extrusions producers 2003              
(thousand tonnes per annum)                
Company
Rolled products
Extrusions
Rolled & extruded
Rolled & extruded
 
(Global)
(European)
Alcoa 1,800   800   2,600   800  
Alcan (a) 2,450   100   2,550   1,000  
Hydro Aluminium 850   500   1,350   1,100  
Pechiney (a) 750   100   850   650  
Corus 410   85   495   450  

     (a) Alcan and Pechiney have now merged, although the combined tonnages may reduce substantially as a result of divestments required from obtaining regulatory clearance.

     Source: Industry estimates based on annual and quarterly reports, and analyst reports

EC regulatory regime
     Since the expiry of the Treaty of Paris in July 2002, all steel products have been subject to the Treaty of Rome, which is of indefinite duration. The European Commission is responsible for implementing the objectives of EC Treaties.

State aid. With the expiry of the Treaty of Paris in July 2002, the EU has become subject to a single state aid regime under the Treaty of Rome. Specific policies are in place in relation to aid for research and development, environmental improvement, training, regional investment, and rescue and restructuring. The steel industry, however, continues to be subject to more rigorous controls, with a prohibition on regional investment aid, and rescue and restructuring aid, with the exception of limited help with plant closures. The

 


Form 20–F 2003    21

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European Commission has a duty to enforce these rules by investigating notifications of financial injections by governments of EU member states and pursuing allegations of direct and indirect subsidies made against such governments.

Pricing. Following the expiry of the Treaty of Paris in July 2002, there are no longer any regulations specific to the pricing of steel products.

Competition. The Treaty of Rome and the EEA Agreement contain provisions prohibiting anti-competitive practices and agreements which relate to the fixing or determination of prices, the restriction or control of production or the sharing of markets subject, in certain cases, to specified exemptions. In addition, both the Treaty of Rome and the EEA Agreement contain provisions prohibiting the abuse of a dominant position. The European Commission has indicated its opposition to any establishment by all EU industries of arrangements contrary to the EC rules on competition. Under the UK Enterprise Act 2002, individuals can be criminally liable for being involved in certain types of cartels.

Sanctions. The European Commission and ESA have powers to control anti-competitive practices, agreements and concentrations by imposing fines and making orders to stop illegal practices or requiring offenders to make appropriate disposals. While the maximum level of fines can be related to worldwide sales, fines are usually related to the volume of EC or EFTA trade in the products involved. The European Commission and ESA may act or be compelled to act on the basis of complaints by third parties. In addition to the measures that can be taken by the European Commission under the Treaty of Rome and the ESA under the EEA Agreement, third parties may, in certain circumstances, bring proceedings in national courts to obtain injunctions to restrain Treaty or EEA Agreement infringements or to obtain damages to compensate them for losses caused by Treaty or EEA Agreement infringements.

Trade associations and other voluntary arrangements
     Within the EU there has historically been close co-operation between the steel industry, the European Commission and governments.

     Eurofer is the trade association to which all major European steel producers including Corus belong, either directly or through national trade associations. Eurofer, through its main committees, supplies and coordinates advice and information to its members and in turn represents them to, amongst others, the European Commission. These representations cover a wide range of issues where there is a need for a common industry voice, and include international trade policies (see following section), social and environmental control issues, research and development matters, market conditions and various aspects of the sale and marketing of steel products. They relate to most major steel products.

     Corus is also a member of other trade associations and other industry groups in respect of its other products and activities, for example, the European Aluminium Association.

     Following investigations by officials of the European Commission in respect of alleged anti-competitive behaviour since 1984 with regard to beams supplied to the construction industry, proceedings were initiated in May 1992 and, in February 1994, the European Commission imposed fines totalling 104.4 million (£79 million) on fourteen European steelmakers, including British Steel. Provision in the sum of 32 million (£24 million) was made in the 1993/94 financial statements for the full amount of British Steel’s fine. The amount was lodged with the European Commission in June 1994. The appeal to the Court of First Instance of the European Communities against the European Commission’s decision was heard in March 1998 and a decision was given in March 1999. The fine was reduced by 12 million (£8 million) and this amount was taken into account in the 1999 financial statements. A further (and final) substantive appeal was initiated to the European Court of Justice in May 1999 but was not successful for Corus.

     In July 1999 British Steel initiated proceedings in the Court of First Instance against the European Commission for payment of interest on the fine reduction, and a hearing took place in November 2000. The Court held in British Steel’s favour and British Steel (Corus) has now received the interest payment.

 


22    Form 20–F 2003

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     In December 1994 the European Commission inspected various tube and pipe producers including British Steel. British Steel, together with certain other tube manufacturers, received Statements of Objections in January 1999 from the European Commission concerning alleged anti-competitive behaviour with regard to the supply of some seamless and large diameter pipes, to which British Steel replied in April 1999. An oral hearing took place in June 1999. The European Commission intimated that it did not propose proceeding with the allegations concerning large diameter pipes after that hearing. In December 1999 fines were imposed on various of the producers, including a fine of 12.6 million (£8 million) on Corus, which was taken into account in the 1999 financial statements. Corus appealed the European Commission’s decision in March 2000 together with other tube manufacturers and a hearing took place in March 2003, the outcome of which is awaited.

International trade restrictions
     Steel is an internationally traded material. Such trade is governed by the rules of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) that allow for trade remedies such as anti-dumping and countervailing actions to be taken against unfairly traded imports. Since 1992, a number of such actions have been initiated in Canada, the US and other countries against certain steel products from a number of producers including Corus. Where material, details of legal proceedings involving Corus relating to these actions are given under Item 8 ‘Financial Information – Legal proceedings’. Such actions are much less prevalent in aluminium; Corus has no involvement in any such actions relating to its aluminium activities.

     Trade restrictions remain in place and additional duties are payable on Corus’ sales into the US of certain carbon steel plates and certain stainless steel bars from the UK, and on sales into Canada of stainless round bar from the UK. In addition, in the US, restrictions remain in place on imports into the US of certain wire rod and on certain line pipe products. However, these actions and restrictions have had no material effect on total Corus sales or results.

     An anti-dumping investigation by the US authorities into certain imports of hot rolled coil, launched in November 2000, resulted in additional duties being applied on Corus sales into the US of hot rolled steel from the Netherlands. The US Department of Commerce (DOC) determined a final dumping margin of 2.59% in the investigation and cash deposits at this rate are now payable on all Corus sales of hot rolled steel from the Netherlands into the US. Corus lodged a number of appeals against the rulings in this case with the US Court of International Trade (CIT). Certain of these appeals are continuing.

     In the first annual Administrative Review of this case to determine the actual duty liability on subject sales made during the period under review (May 2001 to October 2002), and the new duty deposit rate on US sales going forward, the DOC has now issued a preliminary decision of 5.34%. The DOC’s final decision in this case will be issued in June 2004.

     In March 2002, following a Section 201 Safeguards investigation by the US International Trade Commission (ITC), President Bush took action to impose tariffs of between 8% and 30% on US imports of a number of steel products and a system of quotas and tariffs on slab products. Imports from most developing countries, as well as Canada and Mexico, were exempted from the measures. These measures were due to remain in force until March 2005, being progressively reduced each year.

     The US authorities implemented an exclusions process to enable suppliers and their US customers to obtain exclusions from the Section 201 measures for material that they were unable to source adequately from domestic US sources. In total, exclusions covering approximately one third of Corus’ US sales originally subject to the Section 201 measures were secured. While sales to the US of certain of Corus’ products, most notably flat rolled steel, were affected by the measures, the exclusions secured, the sales of products outside the scope of the Section 201 measures, and the sharp price rises that were experienced in some product areas, helped to mitigate temporarily the impact of the Section 201 measures.

     To ensure that the European steel market did not suffer from material displaced due to the US restrictions, a system of quotas and tariffs was introduced on EU imports of a limited number of steel products. This action ensured that the EU market remained open, but helped to prevent any import surge. A number of other countries, including China, took similar action.

 


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     In November 2003, following a complaint by the European Commission and others, the WTO appellate body ruled the US measures to be inconsistent with WTO rules. The EU had notified the WTO of its intention to take immediate retaliatory action in the form of punitive duties on imports into the EU of certain US products (including textiles and food products), unless the US complied with the WTO’s ruling and terminated the Section 201 measures.

     On December 4, 2003, President Bush issued a statement ending the US Section 201 measures with effect from December 5, 2003. From this date, all imports into the US, including Corus sales, have been free from any additional Section 201 duties or restrictions. Immediately following the termination of the US measures, the European Commission withdrew its WTO retaliatory action and also terminated its own safeguard measures. China has now also terminated the measures it initiated in response to the US action.

     Underlying such steel trade disputes has been the need to tackle the key issues of excess inefficient capacity and subsidies. An initiative launched through the OECD to tackle such problems was a positive development that received both industry and government support, but progress in such discussions has remained very disappointing.

Seasonality
     Seasonal effects have only a relatively limited impact on Corus. However, some slowing in demand is evident during the summer months when many customers, especially those in southern European markets, are closed for an extended period, and similarly over the Christmas and New Year holidays. Many of the Group’s plants have planned shutdowns to coincide with these periods, when essential maintenance can be undertaken. Sales of some products are also subject to some sector-specific seasonal factors, for example the slowdown in construction activity over the winter months, and the seasonal variations in automotive build programmes to fit with new vehicle registration dates.

Raw materials
     The principal raw materials in the carbon and engineering steelmaking process are iron ore and coal, purchased on international markets, and steel scrap. During 2003, approximately 25 million tonnes of iron ore and 11 million tonnes of coal were imported at or near Corus’ integrated steelworks. Iron ore is imported predominantly from Australia, South America, Canada and South Africa. Corus imports coal, for conversion into coke and direct injection into blast furnaces, predominantly from Australia, Canada and the United States. Corus UK’s external scrap requirement of some 1.3 million tonnes in 2003 was purchased in the UK, and some 0.6 million tonnes for its Dutch integrated plant was purchased predominantly from mainland Europe.

     The purchase price for these materials is subject to market forces largely beyond Corus’ control and is impacted by demand from other steel producers, supply capacity and freight costs, among others. Steel scrap prices are generally based on spot market prices.

     Corus enters into supply contracts lasting typically between three and ten years for certain raw materials for steel production, although in many instances the prices within these contracts are agreed on an annual basis. For these raw materials, the arrangements account for roughly 60% to 70% of Corus’ requirements, with the remainder purchased through one year contracts and options, based on market rates, which provides flexibility and commercial leverage. Recently, the growth of steel demand and production in China has contributed to significantly increased raw material and freight prices for steel production globally. In 2003, crude steel demand in China grew by 21% or 46 million tonnes compared to 2002. Although part of this growth was fed by imports, Chinese crude steel production increased by 21% or 38 million tonnes. To support this production, iron ore imports increased by 33%.

     The raw material requirements for the aluminium businesses are obtained in part by importing alumina for the production of primary aluminium and in part by buying slabs, billets and aluminium scrap. These materials are purchased by Corus from third party suppliers under competitively priced supply contracts or bidding arrangements.

 


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     Corus endeavours to spread its supply risk by avoiding, where possible, over-dependence on any one country or supplier for its principal raw materials.

     Further information concerning changes which are being made to improve the efficiencies of raw materials and supplies procurement is described at page 16 ‘Carbon steel – Operating costs’ of the Report & Accounts 2003, contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Patents, trademarks and licences
     The information required by this Item is set out under Item 5 ‘Operating and Financial Review and Prospects’ in the section headed ‘Research and development, patents and licenses, etc’.

Introduction of the euro
     On January 1, 1999 the rates of conversion between the euro and the currencies of participating countries in the Economic and Monetary Union were irrevocably fixed, and the euro became a currency in its own right.

     The national currencies within the eurozone were no longer economically independent but became denominations of the euro with fixed rates of exchange. In all cases Corus businesses located in the eurozone have complied with legislation to replace national currencies with the euro by January 1, 2002. The actual changeover to the euro occurred on January 1, 2002 without any material problems arising within Corus.

     Businesses located in the UK and in other European countries outside the eurozone are currently capable of undertaking transactions in the euro, just like any other foreign currency. As regards businesses located in the UK, until the position on UK entry to the eurozone becomes clearer, the Company will refrain from undertaking the investment in computer systems necessary to convert base currency to the euro.

 Organisational structure
     Production and distribution activities of Corus are organised into individual business profit centres. Each unit has its own managing director who, with his respective management team, has responsibility for the performance of that business. The businesses are grouped in divisions for each of which an Executive committee member has particular responsibility. The members of the Executive committee and their individual responsibilities are set out under Item 6 ‘Directors, Senior Management and Employees’.

     Corus has sales offices, stockholders, service centres and joint venture or associate arrangements in a number of markets for distribution and further processing. These are supported by various agency agreements. There is an extensive network in the EU, while outside the EU Corus has sales offices in over twenty countries, supported by a worldwide trading network and a number of processing and service centres.

     Certain functions are controlled and co-ordinated centrally. These are finance, strategy and planning, commercial services, major raw material purchases, shipping and transportation activities, research and development, management development, formulation of industrial relations policy and legal services.

     Pages 105 and 106 of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004 list the principal subsidiary undertakings of Corus and is incorporated herein by reference.

 


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     The following table shows the principal trading companies in which Corus has an equity interest (excluding Corus’ consolidated subsidiaries):

Company
Common
equity
interest
 
Annual
sales (c)
Products
  %  
£ millions
Caparo Merchant Bar plc (a) 25   69
Light sections
Lusosider Acos Planos SA (Portugal) (b) 50   96
Galvanised steel and tinplate
Segal SCRL (Belgium) 50   26
Galvanised steel
GrantRail Limited (a) 50   90
Rail track maintenance and
       
renewals
HKS Scrap Metals BV (The Netherlands) 50   138
Purchase and sale of scrap
Laura Metaal Holding BV (The Netherlands) 49   53
Trading and processing
       
non-prime metal
Norskstål AS (Norway) 50   98
Stockholder of strip and long
       
products

     (a) Incorporated in England.

     (b) Lusosider Projectos Siderurgicos SA is the holding company of Lusosider Acos Planos SA.

     (c) Annual sales are extracted from the company’s most recent published financial statements.

     Corus has a long term billet supply agreement with Caparo Merchant Bar.

 Property, plants and equipment
     The following properties are the primary processing works of Corus, which are held substantially in freehold:

 
Approximate
total
operational
site area
(acres)
Gross
external
area of
buildings
and plant
(acres)
2003
Production
capacity (a)
(m tonnes)
2003
Actual
output
(m tonnes)
Property                
Port Talbot Steelworks
3,100
153
3.8
3.6
 
West Glamorgan, UK
 
Scunthorpe Steelworks
2,700
466
4.5
3.6
 
South Humberside, UK
 
Teesside Steelworks
2,400
295
3.9
3.4
 
Redcar, Cleveland, UK
 
Rotherham and
 
Stocksbridge Steelworks
1,200
99
1.6
1.2
 
South Yorkshire, UK
 
Tuscaloosa Steelworks, Alabama, USA
100
52
0.8
0.7
 
IJmuiden Steelworks, Netherlands
1,890
519
6.5
6.4
 
Delfzijl Aluminium Smelting Works, Netherlands
106
26
0.1
0.1
 
Voerde Aluminium Smelting Works, Germany
215
49
0.1
0.1
 

     (a) Production capacity is based on the maximum possible production in 2003 taking into account upstream and downstream bottlenecks, assuming full manning of facilities and including any plant mothballed. For steelworks, figures are for crude steel and are consistent with those submitted to the European Commission as part of its annual investment and capacity survey. For aluminium, figures are included for the two smelters of Corus Primary Aluminium. In practice, facilities may be manned only to the level required to provide semi-finished materials for downstream finishing processes and for sale.

 


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     The steelworks supply steel not only to external customers but also to other Corus operating sites. A number of Corus rolling mills and process lines are located on the same sites as the steelworks, but the substantial majority of operating sites do not have steelmaking facilities. These include: the strip mills at Llanwern, South Wales, the tinplate works at Trostre, South Wales and Bergen, Norway; the coating works at Tafarnaubach, South Wales, Shotton, North Wales and Maubeuge, North France; the electrical steels works at Newport, South Wales and Surahammar, Sweden; the tube mills at Corby and Hartlepool, England and Oosterhout, Arnhem and Maastricht, Netherlands; the plate mill at Dalzell, Scotland; the rail mills at Workington, England and Hayange, North-East France; the hot and cold rolled narrow strip mills at Brinsworth, England, Dusseldorf and Trier, Germany and Warren and Bethlehem, USA; the section mills at Skinningrove, England and Mannstaedt, Germany; and, the direct reduced iron facilities at Mobile, USA, mothballed since November 2000.

     The most significant non-steelmaking sites are Llanwern works (operational area 1,200 acres) and Shotton works (operational area 640 acres).

     The aluminium smelting works supply some other Corus operating sites. The other sites include: the aluminium rolling mills at Koblenz, Germany, Duffel, Belgium and Cap-de-la-Madeleine, Canada (60% interest); and the aluminium extrusion lines at Vogt, Bonn and Bitterfeld in Germany, Duffel, Belgium and Tianjin, China (61% interest). The Duffel site in total is 180 acres and the Koblenz site is 75 acres.

     Corus’ registered office and head office is located at 30 Millbank, London SW1P 4WY, England, where it leases office space with a gross internal area of some 29,000 square feet. The telephone number of the registered office is +44 (0)20 7717 4444.

     Corus’ facilities are generally adequate for its purposes. Capital expenditure and plans are described earlier under this Item on page 10 ‘UK restructuring’ and page 11 ‘Capital expenditure’.

 The environment
     Corus is subject to the rapidly developing and sometimes stringent environmental laws and regulations in the countries in which it operates. Although there are risks of significant environmental costs and liabilities inherent in its operations, Corus is prepared to undertake such investment and remedial action as may be reasonably required but does not consider that they will have a material adverse effect on its financial position. Liability may also arise in the context of the occupation or ownership of premises by Corus and even the prior and subsequent ownership or occupation by other parties of those premises.

     The EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) was adopted on July 22, 2003 and comes into force on January 1, 2005. Participation is mandatory for defined sectors, including combustion plant, iron and steel production to slab, sinter plants, coke ovens and lime production. Primary and secondary aluminium production are not covered.

     The ETS is a cap and trade system, which means that there is an absolute cap placed on site emissions of CO2 and the difference can be bought or sold in the emissions trading market. At the end of each year, sites will have to surrender allowances equal to their emissions of CO2. Failure of sites to surrender sufficient allowances will result in a fine of 40/tonne of CO2 for 2005-2007 and 100/tonne of CO2 thereafter. The scheme is to be implemented by EU member states and the details are being developed. Corus, as a major producer of iron and steel, is consulting with the UK and Netherlands governments to ensure that the steel industry is not financially disadvantaged by the trading scheme.

     As a result of the implementation of the EU Landfill Directive, Corus has to provide some form of surety for the future closure of operational landfill sites. All of these sites are in the UK and require to be re-permitted in a phased manner from 2004 to 2007. Corus is in discussion with the UK Environment Agency on the appropriate form of such financial surety.

     Further information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from pages 23 and 24 ‘Environment and the community’ of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004, incorporated herein by reference.

 


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 Insurance
    Corus aims to minimise its expenditure on insurance and to reduce its exposure to catastrophe losses to a level consistent with its ability to carry such losses. To this end Corus maintains insurance cover, which it feels is appropriate for its business, through a combination of self-funding and policies purchased from external insurers. Corus arranges some of its insurance through Crucible Insurance Company Limited (“Crucible”) and Hoogovens Verzekeringsmaatschappij NV (“HVM”), two wholly owned subsidiaries. Crucible and HVM reinsure catastrophe risks with the external insurance market. Corus’ external insurance policies cover its statutory insurance requirements and certain contractual obligations, as well as catastrophe risks, ranging from single large losses to an aggregation of frequent low-value claims. External insurance is also used to insure non-catastrophe risks where it is cost-effective, and when claims handling and other specialist services are required.

     Insurance policies are arranged on a group basis for the following key classes of insurance:

  • Material damage & consequential loss;
  • Public & products liability;
  • Professional indemnity;
  • Aviation products liability;
  • Marine cargo; and
  • Directors & officers liability.

     Other country specific cover, for instance for the United States, is arranged as discrete policies at the regional level.

     The net book value of investments held by Crucible and HVM as at January 3, 2004 amounted to £48 million (December 28, 2002: £48 million).

ITEM 5.  OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

 Critical accounting policies
     The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference from pages 29 and 30 of the section ‘Accounting policies’ of the ‘Review of the period’ of the Report & Accounts 2003, contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004.

 Operating results
     The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference from (i) page 10 from the beginning of the section ‘Performance in the period’ to page 22 to the end of the section ‘Aluminium – Investment’ of the ‘Review of the period’, (ii) page 26 from the beginning of the section ‘Business risk management’ to the end of page 31 of the ‘Review of the period’, (iii) pages 32 to 35 ‘Financial review’ and (iv) Note 20 on pages 85 and 86 of the Report & Accounts 2003, contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004. The discussion is designed to comply with both the requirements of this Item and the recommendations of the Statement “Operating and Financial Review” issued by the UK Accounting Standards Board. The focus of the discussion is on the financial statements prepared in accordance with UK GAAP.

     A summary of the differences between UK GAAP and US GAAP is set out in Note 37 on pages 107 to 112, ‘Supplementary information for North American investors’ of the Report & Accounts 2003, contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004, incorporated herein by reference.

 Liquidity and capital resources
     The information required by this section is incorporated by reference from pages 32 to 35 ‘Financial review’, and Note 28 on page 95 of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004.

 


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     Under Item 3 on page 3 ‘Risk factors’ there is provided a discussion on the risk that the Supervisory Board of Corus Nederland may preclude Corus from realising the payment of dividends and the making of intra-group loans by Corus Nederland and utilising cash resources for the benefit of the Group. This could limit the Group’s operational flexibility and affect its financial condition.

     Discussion on the general purpose of capital expenditure commitments at January 3, 2004 is provided under Item 4 on page 10 ‘UK restructuring’ and page 11 ‘Capital expenditure’.

 Research and development, patents and licenses, etc
     Company-wide research and technology development is provided from the three Technology Centres of Corus in Teesside, Rotherham (both UK) and IJmuiden (Netherlands). As part of the plans to concentrate research and development activities in the UK, the Welsh Technology Centre at Port Talbot was closed at the end of 2002. It was also decided during 2003 to review the decision to build a new Technology Centre in the UK, which had been announced in 2000.

     Day to day technical support aimed at continuous improvement of process operations and products is the responsibility of works line or technical management, rather than the research and development organisation. To deliver technology more effectively, the research and development organisation has been structured so as to improve and strengthen the links with the individual businesses and with the major market sectors for Corus; namely construction, automotive, other transport, engineering and packaging. Increased emphasis has been placed on the development of downstream applications, involving close collaboration with Corus’ businesses and key customers. However, as part of the Restoring Success initiative discussed on page 9, special research and development projects have commenced in the process area aimed at achieving the target level of manufacturing excellence throughout the Group.

     Research and development expenditure in the last three financial periods is set out below.

        Year ended      
   
December 29,
2001
December 28,
2002
January 3,
2004
        (in millions)      
Gross expenditure   £66   £71   £69  
Less: Recoveries (a)   (6 ) (6 ) (7 )
Net expenditure   £60   £65   £62  

     (a) Recoveries comprise fees received from other steel and engineering companies and funding assistance from the EU.

     Corus is the proprietor of a number of patents and national and international trademarks, and is party to a number of inward and outward technology licences, none of which has a material influence on the Corus business or profitability. At the end of 2003 Corus owned 545 valid patents and during, 2003, 66 new patent applications were filed.

 Trend information
     The information required by this section is incorporated by reference from pages 10 to 31 ‘Review of the period’ and pages 32 to 35 ‘Financial review’ of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004.

 Off balance sheet arrangements
     The information required by this section is incorporated by reference in Note 30 on pages 95 and 96 of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004. Other than disclosed, there are no off balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on the Group’s financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditure or capital resources.

 


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 Aggregate contractual arrangements

      Payments due by period  
Contractual obligations
Total
£million
<1
Year
£million
1-3
Years
£million
3-5
Years
£million
>5
Years
£million
 
Long-term debt obligations 1,243   4   458   630   151  
Finance lease obligations 42   1   2   2   37  
Operating lease obligations 332   56   88   47   141  
Purchase obligations          
Other long-term liabilities 28     1     27  
Total 1,645   61   549   679   356  

     The estimated employer contributions to the British Steel Pension Scheme and to the Stichting Pensioenfonds Hoogovens Scheme for 2004 are £12 million and 55 million respectively. Monthly payments of £1 million are being made to the CES Scheme in respect of past service funding requirements, subject to review at future actuarial valuations. Additional payments will also be made to the CES Scheme, where necessary, to address any funding strains resulting from early retirements.

ITEM 6.  DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

 Directors and senior management
     The information required by this section is incorporated herein by reference from pages 36 to 43 ‘Directors’ report’, pages 44 and 45 ‘The Board’ and pages 46 and 47 ‘The Executive committee’ of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004.

     There are no family relationships between any directors and senior management.

     There are no arrangements or understandings with major shareholders, customers, suppliers or others, pursuant to which any director or member of senior management was selected for his position.

 Compensation
     The information required by this section is incorporated herein by reference from pages 48 to 58 ‘Report on remuneration’ of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004.

     The aggregate compensation for senior management amounted to £1,508,298, including bonuses and termination benefits (2002: £706,315 including bonuses). The bonus plan for these senior executives of the Company is the same as for the executive directors. The relevant bonus descriptive information required by this section is incorporated herein by reference from pages 48 to 51 ‘Report on remuneration’ of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004.

     The accumulated total amount set aside to provide pension benefits for the directors and senior management was £231,973 (2002: £88,038).

 Board practices
     Certain of the information required by this section is incorporated herein by reference from pages 36 to 43 ‘Directors’ report’, pages 44 and 45 ‘The Board’ and page 48 ‘Report on remuneration’ of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004.

     There are four main Board committees whose constitution and terms of reference are summarised below. In addition, there is an Allotment committee that operates in connection with the Company’s employee share schemes.

     Audit committee – Following a Board review, from February 2004 the Audit committee comprises Mr Andrew Robb (Chairman), Mr Richard Turner, Mr Eric van Amerongen and Dr Tony Hayward, all of whom


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are regarded by the Board as independent. It is responsible for reviewing all financial and other matters relating to internal control, financial reporting, the scope of internal audits, the appointment of and other services provided by external auditors and other matters as requested by the Board.

     Remuneration committee – Following a Board review, from February 2004 the Remuneration committee comprises Mr Eric van Amerongen (Chairman), Mr Andrew Robb and Mr Maarten van Veen, all of whom are regarded by the Board as independent. It is responsible for determining and agreeing with the Board the broad policy for the remuneration and other contract terms for the Chairman, the executive directors and the Company Secretary. It is also responsible for the granting of options and the operation of the executive share option schemes.

     Health, Safety and Environment committee – Following a Board review, from February 2004 the Health, Safety and Environment committee comprises Mr Maarten van Veen (Chairman), Mr Eric van Amerongen and Dr Tony Hayward, all of whom are regarded by the Board as independent. It is responsible for reviewing Corus’ performance in terms of compliance with health, safety and environmental legislation and formulating the Corus policies with regard to such issues.

     Nominations committee – Following a Board review, from February 2004 the Nominations committee comprises Mr Jim Leng (Chairman), Mr Eric van Amerongen, Dr Tony Hayward and Dr Kurt Lauk, all of whom are regarded by the Board as independent. It considers the nomination of Board members and proposes any new Board appointments.

     Day to day running is delegated to the Chief Executive and through him to an Executive committee comprising the executive directors and other senior executives within Corus.

 The organisation of the Group
     Corus Group plc is the parent company of Corus UK Limited and Corus Nederland BV, both of which are wholly-owned subsidiaries. Corus UK is a trading company and manages the businesses formerly owned by British Steel. Corus Nederland, previously Koninklijke Hoogovens NV, is a holding company for the businesses owned by Koninklijke Hoogovens prior to its merger with British Steel to form Corus and it is subject to the mitigated structure regime under the provisions of the Dutch Civil Code. The operations of the Group are organised into divisions and individual business profit centres (see Item 4 ‘Organisational structure’).

     The Board of Corus UK and the Management Board of Corus Nederland are responsible for the day to day management of their respective businesses in accordance with the strategy laid down by Corus Group plc. In addition to these two boards, Corus Nederland is required by the Dutch statutory mitigated structure regime to have a Supervisory Board to advise the Management Board of Corus Nederland. That Supervisory Board is also responsible for supervising the policies of the Management Board of Corus Nederland and the general course of business of the company. When exercising its duties, it must act in the best interests of Corus Nederland and its business enterprise. Certain decisions of the Management Board of Corus Nederland are reserved for approval by the Supervisory Board, including the issue of shares, the entering into or terminations of long term co-operation arrangements with third parties, the alteration of the articles of Corus Nederland and certain significant acquisitions and disposals. The Supervisory Board may extend the decisions of the Management Board that are subject to its approval. The Supervisory Board may suspend members of the Management Board.

     Members of the Supervisory Board are appointed for a minimum of four years, and any vacancies are filled by appointments made by the current members of the Supervisory Board, subject to rights of recommendation by the general meeting, the competent works council and the Management Board, and rights of objection by the general meeting and the competent works council. The Supervisory Board must consist of a minimum of three members. Members of the Management Board are appointed and dismissed by the general meeting of shareholders.

     There are changes to the Dutch mitigated structure regime proposed which, if implemented, will give the shareholder the right, among other things, to overrule nominations to the Supervisory Board and the ability to dismiss the entire Board. They will also allow the works council the right to nominate one third of the

 


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membership of the Supervisory Board. Once this legislation is enacted, there will be a dialogue with the Supervisory Board of Corus Nederland to ensure that the company is operating in accordance with the latest statutory, regulatory and governance procedures.

 Employees
     Corus had a total of 49,400 employees at January 3, 2004 of whom 24,600 were employed in the UK, 11,400 in the Netherlands, 6,000 in Germany, 1,700 in France, 1,600 in Belgium, 1,100 in the USA, 1,100 in Canada and 1,900 in other countries.

     Corus does not employ a significant number of temporary employees, there being only 1.2% at the balance sheet date.

     Corus has experienced no significant industrial relations problems since the 1980 national steel strike (the only industry-wide strike since the formation of BSC in 1967). Well developed procedures have operated in all parts of the Group for consulting and negotiating with the trade unions and employee representatives, and these have been used extensively in discussions on the substantial changes that have been required in the working practices and number of employees as a result of the restructuring programmes and major closures. Approximately 84% of Corus’ UK employees are members of trade unions, the ISTC having the largest representation.

     In a difficult year, the level of investment in education and training remained the same as for the previous year at around £50 million, while progress with certain initiatives continued. In particular, a revised, standard approach to assisting business units in assessing their investment in training performance was successfully tested at several locations in the Netherlands and the UK.

     Further information concerning the changes which are taking place to improve the productivity of the workforce are described at pages 22 and 23 ‘People’ of the Report & Accounts 2003, contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004, which is incorporated herein by reference.

     Further information regarding the average number of persons employed during the past three years and the category of activity is provided in Note 4 to the accounts of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004.

 Share ownership
     The information required by this section is incorporated herein by reference from pages 48 to 58 ‘Report on remuneration’, and in Note 26 to the accounts of the Report & Accounts 2003, contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004.

     Mr Gerhard Buddenbaum, Mr Paul Lormor, Mr Scott MacDonald, Mr Staf Wouters and Mr Richard Reeves are senior executives of Corus. They hold in aggregate 61,571 ordinary shares being 0.001% of Corus’ issued share capital. The voting rights attached to their shares are identical to those pertaining to all other ordinary shares in issue. These senior executives hold, in aggregate, options over 973,927 Corus ordinary shares exercisable at prices ranging from 50p to 133p and exercisable between March 2003 and March 2011.

ITEM 7.  MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 Major shareholders
     Certain of the information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from page 36 ‘Directors’ report – Substantial shareholdings’, of the Report & Accounts 2003, contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004.

     So far as Corus is aware, except as otherwise indicated on page 36 ‘Directors’ report – Substantial shareholdings, of the Report & Accounts 2003, as at March 22, 2004 no person was the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the Corus’ Ordinary shares, nor was Corus directly or indirectly owned or controlled by another corporation or by any government.

 


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     At January 3, 2004 there were 22,371,299 ADSs representing Corus shares outstanding held of record by 763 registered holders of ADSs whose shareholdings represented approximately 5.04% of total outstanding Ordinary shares on that date. Currently there are approximately 747 recorded holders of ADSs. Corus is aware that many ADSs are held of record by brokers and nominees and accordingly the above numbers are not necessarily representative of the actual number of persons who are the beneficial holders of ADSs or the number of ADSs beneficially held by such persons.

 Related party transactions
     The table below sets out details of transactions and loans between Corus and joint ventures and associated undertakings.

   
December 29,
2001
Year ended
December 28,
2002
January 3,
2004
        (in millions)      
Sales to joint ventures and associated undertakings   £137   £135   £143  
Purchases from joint ventures and associated undertakings   £25   £40   £66  
Outstanding loans to joint ventures and associated undertakings   £31   £2   £5  

     Loans to joint ventures and associated undertakings have been provided on a commercial basis and interest is charged at commercial rates. The decrease in loans during the year ended December 28, 2002 was due to the disposal of the Group’s interests in Trico Steel LLC and Galtec NV. The increase in loans during the year ended January 3, 2004 was due to a new loan to Lusosider Acos Planos SA. The largest amount outstanding during the period was £5 million. The balance outstanding at March 16, 2004 was £5 million relating to working capital loans to Lusosider Acos Planos SA and Wuppermann Staal Nederland BV. The interest rates were 2.6745% and 3.1100% respectively. Outstanding loans to directors are described in the Report & Accounts 2003 pages 55 and 57 ‘Report on remuneration – Loans to directors’, contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004, which is incorporated herein by reference.

     Other transactions with related parties are described in the Report & Accounts 2003 page 40 ‘Directors’ report – Directors’, contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004. There have been no material transactions since the end of the financial year up to March 16, 2004.

ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION

  Consolidated statements and other financial information

Presentation of financial statements
     The financial statements required by this Item are shown on pages 62 to 113 of the Report & Accounts contained in the Corus Report on Form 6K dated March 22, 2004.

International accounting policies
     On September 29, 2003 the European Commission formally approved a regulation to adopt international accounting standards for the purpose of financial reporting for publicly traded companies within the European Union (EU). The regulation will directly concern around 7,000 listed EU companies and is aimed at enhancing transparency in annual accounts, and therefore increasing competition and the free movement of capital within the EU. Along with many UK registered companies, for Corus the regulation will require the use of International Accounting Standards (IASs) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) in preparing its consolidated accounts from January 1, 2005 onwards.

     The first annual report and accounts that Corus publishes under the international accounting principles will be for the twelve-month period ended December 2005. However at that time, comparative periods will be restated to show the adjustments resulting from the change from UK accounting practice, which the Group currently uses, to the application of IASs and IFRSs. Details of all adjustments that have been necessary to shareholders’ equity and results for the restated periods will be provided at the appropriate time. However, the ongoing project by Corus to prepare for this change has identified that significant

 


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differences will arise in the treatment of pension costs, derivative financial instruments and deferred taxes. There will also be differences in the presentation of both the primary statements and notes to the annual report and accounts.

Export and overseas sales
     The information required in respect of export sales is contained in Item 4 on pages 15 and 16.

Legal proceedings
     An anti-dumping investigation by the US authorities into certain imports of hot rolled steel, launched in November 2000, resulted in additional anti-dumping duties being applied on Corus sales into the US of hot rolled steel from the Netherlands. The US DOC determined a final dumping margin of 2.59% in the investigation, and cash deposits at this rate are now payable on all Corus sales of hot rolled steel from the Netherlands into the US. Corus has lodged a number of appeals against the rulings in this case with the US Court of International Trade. Certain of these appeals are continuing. The first annual Administrative Review of this case has now been undertaken by the DOC to determine the actual duty liability on sales subject to the case made during the period under review (May 2001 to October 2002), and the new duty deposit rate on US sales going forward. The DOC has issued a preliminary determination of 5.34% as the new duty deposit rate and was expected to issue its final decision in this case in April 2004, although it has now delayed this to June 2004. The second annual Administrative Review (covering November 2002 to October 2003) has now also been initiated by the DOC.

     The European Commission has initiated a complaint under the dispute settlement procedures of the WTO against the use by the US DOC of ‘zeroing’ in calculating anti-dumping margins. This is the practice whereby sales made at prices higher than fair market value are excluded from the calculation of dumping margins and has the effect of inflating dumping margins. A preliminary decision by the WTO is expected by the end of 2004. If the complaint is upheld, and DOC practice is changed, this could result in much lower, or even zero, anti-dumping margins, which could lead to certain US anti-dumping cases, including that affecting Corus sales of hot rolled steel from the Netherlands, being terminated.

     In September 2001, an anti-dumping complaint was initiated against imports of cold rolled steel from twenty countries, including the Netherlands. The UK was not included. However, the ITC subsequently determined that there was no material injury and the case was terminated. Appeals of this decision by the petitioners have been unsuccessful.

     As outlined under Item 4 ‘International trade restrictions’, in March 2002, President Bush took action to impose tariffs ranging between 8% and 30% on US imports of a number of steel products and a system of quotas and tariffs on slab products. These Section 201 measures became effective in respect of imports entering into the US from March 20, 2002, and were due to remain in force until March 2005, being progressively reduced each year.

     The decision taken by President Bush on the tariffs and quotas was absolute and not subject to review by the US Courts. However, the European Commission, together with Japan and a number of other countries, initiated a complaint against the US action under the dispute settlement procedures of the WTO. In July 2003, the WTO panel set up to examine the complaint issued its findings, ruling that the US Section 201 measures violated global trade rules. The US appealed this ruling. In November 2003, the WTO appellate body upheld the main conclusions of the WTO panel that the US measures were inconsistent with WTO rules. The ruling was formally adopted by the WTO in December 2003. The European Commission had notified the WTO of its intention to take immediate retaliatory action in the form of punitive duties on imports into the EU of certain US products unless the US complied with the WTO’s ruling and terminated the 201 measures.

     On December 4, 2003, President Bush issued a statement ending the US Section 201 measures with effect from December 5, 2003. From this date, all imports to the US, including Corus sales, have been free from any additional duties or restrictions imposed under the Section 201 measures. Immediately following the termination of the US measures, the European Commission withdrew its WTO retaliatory action and also terminated its own safeguard measures.

 


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     Corus also instituted proceedings in the US courts against the inclusion in the products put forward for a decision by the President of tin mill products. These proceedings have now ended following the termination of the Section 201 measures.

     Corus appealed against fines of 32 million and 12.6 million imposed by the European Commission in the beams and tubes cases respectively (see Item 4 ‘Trade associations and other voluntary arrangements’). The fine of 32 million in the beams case was reduced on appeal to 20 million. Corus appealed to the European Court of Justice against that fine but was not successful. A hearing before the Court of First Instance in respect of the Tubes appeal has been heard, the outcome of which is awaited.

     In the UK, a climate change levy was introduced in the Finance Act 2000. The levy is a tax on the supply of certain commodities such as electricity, natural gas, petroleum, coal and coke. Certain supplies are excluded (such as for domestic use or supplies made prior to April 2001) or exempt (such as supplies not used as a fuel including dual uses of fuel and as a feedstock). Supplies do include self supplies relating to production. The levy is calculated according to a nominal unit of energy for the commodity. Persons making any taxable supply need to register. Under the Climate Change Levy (Use as Fuel) Regulations 2001, the use of coke and coal in ironmaking is exempt from the levy and consequently Corus considered that it was exempt in respect of its use of coke in ironmaking. A complaint was, however, lodged with the EC that the UK exemption is an unlawful state aid and the European Commission considered the issue. In April 2002 the European Commission ruled in Corus’ favour and supported HM Government’s view that the use of coke and coal in iron and steelmaking was as a raw material and, therefore, exempt from the tax.

     On November 8, 2001 an explosion occurred at the no. 5 blast furnace at Port Talbot works, which led to three employee fatalities, several employees suffering severe burns and the total loss of the blast furnace. Some contractors’ employees also suffered injuries. The accident was initially investigated by the police but the investigation is now led by the Health & Safety Executive. It is unlikely that a corporate manslaughter charge will be brought. It is more likely that Corus will be charged with offences under the Health & Safety at Work Act. Any convictions are likely to result in substantial fines being levied. There is also a possibility of charges against individual employees. Corus has admitted its civil liability for the incident. Twenty six civil claims for death and personal injury have been made against the Company. Should all the relevant claimants succeed in their claims, Corus’ liability could amount to several million pounds, although Corus has insurance cover in place that it expects will be able to meet these claims in full.

Dividends
     Cash dividends paid by Corus are in pounds sterling and exchange rate fluctuations affect the US dollar amounts received by ADR holders on conversion. The table below sets out the dividends paid per share in pence and per ADS in dollars.

  Dividends per Ordinary share   Dividends per ADS paid
after deduction of withholding tax
 
Period ended
Interim
Final
Total
Interim
Final
Total
 
 
(in pence)
(in US dollars)
 
April 3, 1999
3.0
7.0
10.0
0.5199
1.1214
1.6413
 
October 2, 1999
nil
nil
nil
nil
nil
nil
 
December 30, 2000
1.0
nil
1.0
0.1452
nil
0.1452
 
December 29, 2001
nil
nil
nil
nil
nil
nil
 
December 28, 2002
nil
nil
nil
nil
nil
nil
 
January 3, 2004
nil
nil
nil
nil
nil
nil
 

     In addition, a capital distribution of 35p per British Steel Ordinary share held ($5.8205 cash for each British Steel ADS held) was made on October 26, 1999.

     Future dividends will be paid in accordance with the covenants of the 1,200 million syndicated bank facility. Dividends of up to 30% of net distributable earnings from ordinary activities are permitted, subject to a Group EBITDA/net interest cover of at least seven times.

     At the Annual General Meeting on April 27, 2001 Corus was granted authority by its shareholders to offer any holders of Ordinary shares the right to elect to receive Ordinary shares credited as fully paid, instead of

 


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cash, in respect of the whole of any dividend (a scrip dividend alternative). The authority granted covers any dividend declared up to April 27, 2006.

 Significant changes
     On December 11, 2003 following the receipt of proceeds from the placing and open offer, the Company reduced its main available bank facility by voluntary cancellation of 200 million, which would have matured at the end of January 2004. The facility now stands at 1,000 million.

ITEM 9.  THE OFFER AND LISTING
     Prior to the merger, the nominal capital of British Steel plc was divided into 2,600,000,000 Ordinary shares of 50p each. 1,982,600,612 Ordinary shares were issued as of October 2, 1999 and October 5, 1999.

     Up to October 5, 1999 (the last day of trading) the principal trading market for British Steel’s Ordinary shares was the London Stock Exchange, with British Steel ADSs, each representing ten Ordinary shares, listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and trading under Ticker Symbol BST.

     Since the merger Corus, successor to British Steel plc, has also principally traded on the LSE. In addition, Corus Ordinary shares have been listed on the Amsterdam Stock Exchange under the Ticker Symbol CORS. Corus ADSs have been listed on the New York Stock Exchange and trade under Ticker Symbol CGA. The Bank of New York is the ADR depositary.

     Consequent upon having received shareholder approval at an Extraordinary General Meeting held on December 5, 2003, the nominal capital of Corus was increased to £2,250,000,000 and the issued share capital was subdivided and converted from 3,130,418,153 Old Ordinary shares of 50p each into 3,130,418,153 New Ordinary shares of 10p each and 3,130,418,153 Deferred shares of 40p each. The subdivision and conversion of the shares enabled Corus to effect a placing and open offer on the basis of five New Ordinary shares being offered for every twelve Old Ordinary shares held. The placing and open offer resulted in 1,304,340,897 New Ordinary shares being issued, credited as fully paid, ranking pari passu with the existing New Ordinary shares in issue on December 8, 2003.

     In total, 4,434,759,050 New Ordinary shares were issued and listed on December 8, 2003 on the LSE and Amsterdam Stock Exchange under their existing ticker symbols. A change in per-share nominal value to Corus ADSs was effected and continue to be traded under the existing Ticker Symbol on the NYSE. The Deferred shares have not been listed and are not freely transferable, which has rendered them effectively worthless. It is intended that they will be cancelled and an appropriate reserve created in due course.

     The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices for the Ordinary shares during the periods indicated, based on mid-market prices of Old Ordinary shares prior to December 5, 2003 and New Ordinary shares subsequent to that date at close of business on the LSE and the high and low sales prices for ADSs as reported on the NYSE composite tape.

 


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  LSE   NYSE  
  High   Low   High   Low  
  (pence per Ordinary share)   (US dollars per ADS)  
(British Steel up to October 2, 1999)                
(Corus Old Ordinary shares up to December 5, 2003                
Corus New Ordinary shares from December 5, 2003)                
Year ended April 3, 1999 172   87 1 / 2 28 5 / 8 14 5 / 8
Six months ended October 2, 1999 179   123 3 / 4 28 7 / 8 21 3 / 8
Fifteen months ended December 30, 2000 174 1 / 4 47 1 / 2 29 3 / 4 7
Year ended December 29, 2001 82 3 / 4 40 12 1 / 2 5 5 / 8
Year ended December 28, 2002 90   22   13 1 / 4 3 1 / 2
Year ended January 3, 2004 37 3 / 4 4   6 5 / 8
Quarters ended                
June 30, 2001 82 3 / 4 59   11 3 / 4 8 1 / 4
September 29, 2001 67 1 / 2 40   9 5 / 8 5 5 / 8
December 29, 2001 74 42   10 3 / 4 6
March 30, 2002 87 1 / 2 72 1 / 4 12 3 / 8 10 3 / 8
June 29, 2002 90   77 13 1 / 4 11 1 / 4
September 28, 2002 87 3 / 4 34 1 / 4 13 1 / 4 5 1 / 2
December 28, 2002 48 1 / 2 22   7 1 / 2 3 1 / 2
March 29, 2003 31 1 / 4 4   5 5 / 8
June 28, 2003 19 3 / 4 6 1 / 2 3 1 / 4 1
September 27, 2003 37 3 / 4 15   5 7 / 8 2 3 / 8
January 3, 2004 34 1 / 2 20 1 / 4 6 3 1 / 2
Months ended                
September 30, 2003 37 3 / 4 20 1 / 4 5 7 / 8 3 1 / 2
October 31, 2003 24 1 / 2 20 1 / 2 4 1 / 8 3 5 / 8
November 30, 2003 34 1 / 2 22 7 / 8 6 3 7 / 8
December 31, 2003 34   29   5 7 / 8 5 1 / 8
January 31, 2004 43 1 / 4 30   7 3 / 4 5 1 / 4
February 29, 2004 45 1 / 4 38 3 / 4 8 5 / 8 7 1 / 8

ITEM 10.  ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

  Memorandum and articles of association

General
     Corus is registered under the Companies Act 1985 as company number 3811373 and governed by the laws of England and Wales. The Company’s objects can be found in Section 4 of its Memorandum of Association, and include, among many other things, the object to carry on business as a general commercial company and to carry on any trade, business activity whatsoever and to act as a holding company.

Directors’ powers
     No Corus director may vote on, or be counted in a quorum in relation to, any resolution of the Board in respect of any contract in which he has an interest which (taken together with any interest of any person connected with him) is to his knowledge a material interest and, if he does so, his vote shall not be counted. However, these prohibitions do not apply to a director in relation to:

     (i) any guarantee, indemnity or security to be given to such director in respect of money lent or obligations undertaken by him for the benefit of Corus;

 


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     (ii) any guarantee, indemnity or security to be given to a third party in respect of a debt or obligation of Corus which he has himself guaranteed, indemnified or secured in whole or in part;

     (iii) the subscription or purchase by him of shares, debentures or other securities of Corus pursuant to any offer or invitation in which the director is or may be entitled to participate as a holder of securities;

     (iv) the underwriting by him of any shares, debentures or other securities of Corus;

     (v) any contract in which he is interested by virtue of his interest in shares or debentures or other securities of Corus or by reason of any other interest in or through Corus;

     (vi) any contract concerning any other company (not being a company in which the director owns one per cent or more) in which he is interested directly or indirectly;

     (vii) any contract concerning the adoption, modification or operation of a pension fund or retirement, death or disability benefits scheme which relates to both the directors and employees of Corus and does not provide in respect of any director as such any privilege or advantage not accorded to the employees in whom such scheme or fund relates;

     (viii)any contract for the benefit of employees of Corus under which he benefits in a similar manner to the employees and which does not accord to any director as such any privilege or advantage not accorded to the relevant employees; and

     (ix) any contract for the purchase or maintenance for any director of insurance against any liability.

     Directors are not required to vacate their office upon attaining the age of 70 years of age; however, if the Board convenes a general meeting at which, to the Board’s knowledge, a director who is 70 or over will be proposed for appointment or re-appointment, it must give notice of his age in the documents convening the meeting but the accidental omission to do so shall not invalidate any proceedings, or any appointment of that director, at that meeting.

     The Board may exercise all the powers of the Company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge any of its undertaking, property, assets and uncalled capital and to issue debentures and other securities, whether outright or as collateral security for any debt, liability or obligation of Corus or of any third party. The Board must restrict the borrowings of Corus and exercise all voting and other rights or powers of control exercisable by Corus in relation to its subsidiaries so as to secure that the aggregate principal amount from time to time outstanding of all borrowings by Corus (exclusive of borrowings within Corus) shall not, without the previous sanction of an ordinary resolution of the company, exceed an amount equal to two times the adjusted capital and reserves.

Share rights
     Subject to the Companies Act and other shareholders’ rights, shares may be issued with or have attached to them such rights and restrictions as Corus may by ordinary resolution decide, or as the Board may decide if there is no such resolution or so far as the resolution does not make specific provision. Redeemable shares may be issued. Subject to the articles, the Companies Act and other shareholders’ rights, Corus may purchase all or any of its shares, and unissued shares are at the disposal of the Board.

     Subject to the Companies Act, Corus may vary the rights attached to any class of shares with the written consent of the holders of not less than three-fourths in nominal value of the issued shares of that class, or the sanction of an extraordinary resolution passed at a separate general meeting of the holders of those shares.

     Corus may, by ordinary resolution, consolidate, consolidate and then divide, or sub-divide its shares or any of them. Corus may cancel any shares that at the date of the resolution have not been taken or agreed to be taken.

     Corus may, subject to the Companies Acts, by special resolution reduce its share capital, share premium account, capital redemption reserve or any other undistributable reserve.

 


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Dividends and other distributions
     Subject to the Companies Act, Corus may by ordinary resolution from time to time declare dividends not exceeding the amount recommended by the Board. Subject to the Companies Act, the Board may pay interim dividends, and also any fixed rate dividend, whenever the financial position of Corus, in the opinion of the Board, justifies its payment. If the Board acts in good faith, it is not liable to holders of shares with preferred or pari passu rights for losses arising from the payment of interim or fixed dividends on shares ranking pari passu with or after those shares.

     The Board may withhold payment of all or any part of any dividends payable in respect of Corus shares from a person with a 0.25% interest if such a person has been served with a restriction notice after failure to provide the company with information concerning interests in those shares required to be provided under the Companies Act.

     Except insofar as the rights attaching to, or the terms of issue of, any shares otherwise provide, all dividends shall be apportioned and paid pro rata according to the amounts paid up on the share during any portion of the period in respect of which the dividend is paid. No amount paid up on a share in advance of calls is to be treated as paid up on the share for this purpose. Dividends may be declared or paid in any currency.

     The Board may if authorised by an ordinary resolution of Corus offer ordinary shareholders in respect of any dividend the right to elect to receive Ordinary shares by way of scrip dividend instead of cash.

     Any dividend unclaimed after a period of twelve years from the date when it was declared or became due for payment shall be forfeited and revert to Corus.

Voting rights
     Subject to any rights or restrictions attaching to any class of shares, every member present in person at a general meeting has, upon a show of hands, one vote, and every member present in person or by proxy has, upon a poll, one vote for every share held by him. No member shall be entitled to attend or vote either personally or by proxy at any general meeting in respect of any share held by him if any call or other sum then payable by him in respect of that share remains unpaid or if a member has been served with a restriction notice after failure to provide Corus with information concerning interests in those shares required to be provided under the Companies Act.

Annual and extraordinary meetings of shareholders
     The Board convenes annual general meetings and extraordinary general meetings for the passing of a special resolution with notice of the resolution to all members entitled to receive such notice with not less than twenty one clear days’ notice in writing. All other extraordinary general meetings are convened with not less than fourteen clear days’ notice in writing. The notice must specify the place, day and time of the meeting, and the nature of the business to be transacted. A shareholder is not entitled to receive notice of a general meeting or any other notice or document from Corus unless he has provided to the company an address in the United Kingdom or in The Netherlands to which such notice may be sent.

Change of control

     Corus may in certain circumstances refuse to register transfers of uncertificated shares from a person with a 0.25% interest if such person has been served with a restriction notice after failing to provide Corus with information concerning these interests as required under the Companies Act.

 Material contracts
     The following contracts (not being contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business) have been entered into in the two years preceding the date of this document and are or may be material or contain a provision under which a member of Corus has an obligation or entitlement which is or may be material to such a member or any other member of Corus.

Securitisation Programme

On April 15, 2002, Corus UK Limited and Corus Engineering Steels Limited entered into a receivables

 


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securitisation programme arranged by ING Bank NV, under which Corus guaranteed certain obligations of Corus UK Limited and Corus Engineering Steels Limited.

     The initial facility level was set at £185 million, and provided for the securitisation of UK and certain Irish receivables of a number of businesses of Corus UK. On July 15, 2002 and again on October 20, 2003, the programme was extended to securitise the UK receivables of some other businesses of Corus UK. The facility level was increased following the July 15, 2002 extension by £30 million to £215 million reflecting the increase in the size of the debtor pool.

     The securitisation is a conduit transaction, in which receivables may be sold daily to a special purpose vehicle (SPV) sponsored by ING and incorporated in Jersey. The SPV is funded by loans (in the form of discount notes) advanced by an ING conduit company, Mont Blanc Capital Corporation, a US company incorporated in Delaware. The ING conduit funds itself in turn in the US commercial paper (CP) markets. This CP funding has a credit rating and is supported by a back-up liquidity facility, intended to ensure the continuation of the funding even if there is disruption in the CP markets. This liquidity facility arranged by ING Bank is a five year committed arrangement.

     Once the receivables are sold to the SPV, Corus UK continues to collect payments from customers as servicer on behalf of the SPV and Corus UK as if the receivables had not been sold. There is an agreed monthly settlement date at which time funds collected by Corus UK as servicer in respect of receivables sold in previous months are paid to the SPV; in exchange the SPV pays cash for new receivables sold to it by Corus.

Sale of Corus’ interest in Avesta Polarit Oyj Abp

     A share purchase agreement dated June 30, 2002 between Corus UK, Corus and Outokumpu Oyj, pursuant to which Corus UK sold its entire 23.2% stake in AvestaPolarit Oyj Abp to Outokumpu Oyj for 6.55 in cash per Avesta Polarit Oyj Abp share, equating to approximately 530 million.

Sale of Corus’ interest in the Alouette Smelter

     An agreement (the ‘‘Alouette Agreement’’) dated August 16, 2002 between Sidal Participatie Beheer BV (1), Corus Primary Aluminium BV (2) (both being wholly owned indirect subsidiaries of Corus and hereinafter referred to as the Alouette Sellers) and Alcan Inc (3), pursuant to which Alcan Inc agreed to acquire from the ‘‘Alouette Sellers’’ the entire issued share capitals of Corus Aluminium Canada Inc. and Corus Aluminium Quebec Inc. (the ‘‘Target Companies’’). The Target Companies at the relevant time were respectively the sole limited and general partners of Corus Aluminium Quebec and Company Limited Partnership, which itself owned 20% of Corus’ entire interest in the Alouette Smelter. The Alouette Agreement became unconditional on September 17, 2002. The consideration for the disposal was US$165 million, which was paid in full on completion. The consideration was subject to a price adjustment related to matters including levels of stock, cash and retained debt at completion, which resulted in an additional payment to the Alouette Sellers from Alcan Inc of approximately US$6 million. The Alouette Agreement contains customary warranties and indemnities from the Alouette Sellers in relation to the subject of the Alouette Agreement and except in relation to certain limited claims (where potential liability is unlimited as to amount), the maximum liability of the Alouette Sellers for claims under the Alouette Agreement is limited to the consideration received on completion.

     For further information related to the proposed sale of the Group’s aluminium businesses, refer to ‘Aluminium businesses’ under Item 4 on page 9.

 Exchange controls
     There are currently no UK exchange control laws, decrees or regulations that would affect the transfer of capital or payment of dividends, interest and other payments to US citizens or residents who are holders of Corus securities except as otherwise set out below under ‘Taxation of US Holders’. There are no limitations on holding or voting applicable to foreign owners of Ordinary shares, which do not apply equally to UK owners of such Ordinary shares.

 


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  Taxation of US Holders
     The following is a discussion of certain material US federal income tax consequences and UK tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of ADSs and Ordinary shares of Corus as well as the US federal income tax and UK tax consequences of the share capital subdivision and open offer. The following discussion is limited to shareholders and ADS holders that are US Holders. For these purposes, a “US Holder” is a beneficial owner of Ordinary shares or ADSs that holds such Ordinary shares or ADSs as capital assets and is one of the following:

     • an individual citizen or resident of the United States,

     • a corporation (or certain other entities treated as corporations) organized under the laws of the United States or any state thereof,

     • an estate whose income is subject to US federal income tax regardless of its source, or

     • a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more US persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust.

     The following summary is of a general nature and does not address all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to a US Holder in light of each holder’s particular situation. For example, this summary does not apply to US expatriates, insurance companies, collective investment schemes, banks, tax-exempt organizations, regulated investment companies, financial institutions, persons subject to the alternative minimum tax, securities broker-dealers, persons who hold their Ordinary shares or ADSs as part of a straddle, hedging transaction or conversion transaction or acquire their Ordinary shares or ADSs in the course of a trade, persons who own directly, indirectly or by attribution 10% or more of Corus’ outstanding share capital or voting stock or persons whose functional currency is not the US dollar. The tax treatment of a partner generally will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A partnership that holds Ordinary shares or ADSs is urged to consult its own tax advisor regarding the specific tax consequences to its partners of owning and disposing of Ordinary shares or ADSs.

     This summary is based upon:

     • existing UK tax law and UK Inland Revenue practice, and US law and US Internal Revenue Service practice, including the US Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), Treasury regulations, rulings, judicial decisions and administrative practice, all as currently in effect, and all of which are subject to change or changes in interpretation at any time, possibly with retroactive effect; and

     • the US-UK Income Tax Convention that entered into force on April 25, 1980, as amended by Protocols (the “1980 Convention”) and the US–UK Income Tax Convention that entered into force on March 31, 2003, as amended by a Protocol (the “New Convention”), as both the 1980 Convention and the New Convention may be applicable to US Holders depending on individual circumstances as described below.

     US Holders should be aware that the New Convention generally will have effect in respect of dividends paid on or after May 1, 2003. However, a US Holder entitled to benefits under the 1980 Convention may elect to have the provisions of the 1980 Convention continue for an additional twelve months if the election to apply the 1980 Convention would result in greater benefits to the holder. If a US Holder were to make an effective election, the discussion below with respect to dividend payments made pursuant to the 1980 Convention would continue to apply to any dividends paid by Corus prior to May 1, 2004. The discussion below notes the instances where the relevant provisions of the New Convention will produce a materially different result for a US Holder. US Holders should note that certain articles in the New Convention limit or restrict the ability of a US Holder to claim benefits under the New Convention and that similar provisions were not contained in the 1980 Convention. US Holders should consult their own tax advisors concerning the applicability of each Convention.

 


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US taxation of share capital subdivision
     The share capital subdivision that converted each Old Ordinary share (par value 50p) into one New Ordinary share (par value 10p) and one Deferred share will be treated as a recapitalisation for US federal income tax purposes and will not be a taxable event for US Holders. The tax attributes including the tax basis and holding period in a US Holder’s Old Ordinary shares were transferred to the New Ordinary shares received as a result of the share capital subdivision.

Taxation of dividends
     Corus is not required to withhold at source any amount in respect of UK tax from dividend payments it makes.

     Under the 1980 Convention, and subject to certain exceptions, a US Holder who is a resident of the United States (and is not a resident of the UK) for the purposes of the 1980 Convention is entitled to receive, in addition to any dividend that Corus pays, a payment from the UK Inland Revenue in respect of such dividend equal to the tax credit to which an individual resident in the UK for UK tax purposes would have been entitled had he received the dividend (a “Convention Payment”). An individual resident in UK will generally be entitled to a tax credit equal to one-ninth of the dividend (or 10% of the aggregate of the dividend and related tax credit). The total of the cash dividend and the Convention Payment is, however, reduced by a notional UK withholding tax equal to an amount not exceeding 15% of the sum of the dividend paid and the Convention Payment. At current rates the notional withholding tax entirely eliminates the Convention Payment but no notional withholding in excess of the Convention Payment will be imposed upon the US Holder. Thus, for example, a US Holder that receives a $100 dividend will also be treated as receiving from the UK Inland Revenue a Convention Payment of $11.11 (one-ninth of the dividend received) but the entire $11.11 payment will be eliminated by a notional UK withholding tax, resulting in a net receipt of $100. US Holders should consult their own tax advisors as to whether a Convention Payment or the notional UK withholding tax under the 1980 Convention will be considered to have been paid with respect to dividends.

     Under the 1980 Convention, a US Holder that is eligible for benefits with respect to income derived in connection with Corus Ordinary shares or ADSs (each such holder referred to as an “eligible US Holder”) and that claims the benefits of the 1980 Convention with respect to a dividend from Corus will be entitled to a foreign tax credit for the UK tax notionally withheld with respect to such dividend. If an eligible US Holder is entitled to the foreign tax credit associated with the hypothetical Convention Payment under the 1980 Convention (described above), the foreign tax credit would be equal to one-ninth of any dividend received and would give rise to additional dividend income in the same amount. Eligible US Holders that rely on the 1980 Convention to claim a foreign tax credit under these circumstances must file IRS Form 8833 (Treaty-Based Return Position Disclosure Under Section 6114 or 7701(b)) disclosing this reliance with their US federal income tax returns for the year in which the foreign tax credit is claimed. In order to obtain this benefit in a particular year, a US Holder generally must elect to claim the credit with respect to all foreign taxes paid (or treated as paid) in that year. US Holders that do not elect to claim a credit with respect to any foreign taxes paid in a given taxable year may instead claim a deduction for foreign taxes paid. A deduction does not reduce US federal income tax on a dollar for dollar basis like a tax credit. The deduction, however, is not subject to the limitations described above.

     Under the New Convention, there will be no hypothetical Convention Payment and no notional UK withholding tax applied to a dividend payment and, therefore, it will not be possible to claim a foreign tax credit in respect of any dividend payment paid by Corus on or after May 1, 2003 (or May 1, 2004 in the case of a US Holder who effectively elects to extend the applicability of the 1980 Convention as described above).

     For US federal income tax purposes, the gross amount of a dividend (including any additional dividend income arising from a foreign tax credit claim as described above) paid to a US Holder with respect to Ordinary shares or ADSs will be taxable as dividend income to the extent paid out of Corus’ current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for US federal income tax purposes. To the extent that a distribution exceeds Corus’ earnings and profits, it will be treated first as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of the US Holder’s basis in the Ordinary shares or ADSs and thereafter as capital gain. Dividends distributed by Corus generally will be categorized as foreign source “passive income” or, in the case of some holders, as “financial services income,” for purposes of computing allowable foreign tax credits for US tax purposes.

 


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Dividends distributed by Corus will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporate shareholders in respect of dividends received from US corporations.

     The amount of any distribution paid in foreign currency will be included in a US Holder’s gross income in an amount equal to the US dollar value of the foreign currency calculated by reference to the spot rate in effect on the date of receipt by the US Holder, or the date of receipt by the Depositary in the case of ADSs, regardless of whether the foreign currency is converted into US dollars. If the foreign currency is converted into US dollars on the date of receipt, a US Holder generally should not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the dividend. If the foreign currency received in the distribution is not converted into US dollars on the date of receipt, a US Holder will have a basis in the foreign currency equal to its US dollar value on the date of receipt. Any gain or loss recognized upon a subsequent conversion or other disposition of the foreign currency will be treated as US source ordinary income or loss.

     The rules relating to the determination of the foreign tax credit are complex. US Holders should consult their own tax advisors to determine whether they are eligible for benefits under the 1980 Convention and the New Convention, whether, and to what extent, a foreign tax credit will be available with respect to dividends received from Corus, and whether it may be advisable in light of the holder’s particular circumstances to elect to have the provisions of the 1980 Convention continue in force until May 1, 2004.

Recent US tax law changes applicable to individuals
     Under 2003 US tax legislation, individual US Holders (and some trusts and estates) are eligible for reduced rates of US federal income tax (currently a maximum of 15%) in respect of “qualified dividend income” received in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2002 and beginning before January 1, 2009, provided that the holders meet certain holding period and other requirements. For this purpose, qualified dividend income generally includes dividends paid by non-US corporations if, among other things, (i) the shares (or ADSs) with respect to which the dividend has been paid are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States, or (ii) the non-US corporation is eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive US income tax treaty (such as the New Convention) which provides for the exchange of information. Corus anticipates that, if it were to pay dividends on its Ordinary shares or ADSs, such dividends should constitute qualified dividend income for US federal income tax purposes. Some of the eligibility requirements for non-US corporations are not entirely clear, however, and further guidance from the Internal Revenue Service is anticipated. In addition, the Internal Revenue Service is expected to issue certification procedures for 2004 whereby a non-US corporation will have to certify as to the eligibility of its dividends for the reduced US federal income tax rates.

Taxation of capital gains
     A US Holder who is neither resident nor, in the case of an individual, ordinarily resident in the UK will not be liable for UK tax on chargeable gains realised on the disposal of Ordinary shares or ADSs unless (i) such US Holder (in the case of an individual) carries on a trade, profession or vocation in the UK through a branch or agency and has used, held or acquired the Ordinary shares for the purposes of such trade, profession or vocation or such branch or agency or (ii) such US Holder (in the case of a body corporate) carries on a trade in the UK through a permanent establishment and has used, held or acquired the Ordinary shares or ADSs in or for the purposes of the trade or for the purposes of such permanent establishment. As such unless a US Holder falls within one of the above exceptions there would have been no consequences for the purposes of UK taxation of chargeable gains for a US Holder as a result of the share capital subdivision when each Old Ordinary share of 50p was subdivided and converted into one New Ordinary share of 10p and one Deferred share. Any US Holders who fall within one of the above exceptions should consult their own tax advisors as to the consequences of holding and disposing of Ordinary shares or ADSs for the purposes of UK taxation of chargeable gains.

     A US Holder who is an individual and who is only temporarily resident out of the UK for UK tax purposes at the date of disposal of Ordinary shares or ADSs may be liable to UK tax on chargeable gains on becoming resident or ordinarily resident in the UK again, in respect of disposals made while he was temporarily resident outside the UK, subject to any available exemptions or reliefs.

 


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     An individual who is domiciled in the US for UK tax purposes (“US Citizen”) and who is resident or ordinarily resident in the UK, a US corporation which is resident in the UK by reason of being managed and controlled in the UK or a US citizen who, or US corporation which, is carrying on a trade, profession or vocation in the UK and may be subject to UK tax on a gain as set out above, may be liable for both UK and US tax on a gain on the disposal of Ordinary shares or ADSs. However, a US Holder who is subject to UK tax on capital gains realised or accrued in relation to the Ordinary shares or ADSs may be entitled to a foreign tax credit, subject to certain limitations, against any US federal tax liability that is due in respect of such gain.

     Upon the sale or exchange of Ordinary shares or ADSs, US Holders generally will recognize a capital gain or a loss for US federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the difference between the US dollar value of the amount realized and their adjusted tax basis (determined in US dollars) in the Ordinary shares or ADSs. Such gain or loss generally will be US source gain or loss and will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the Ordinary shares or ADSs have been held for more than one year at the time of disposition. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to significant limitations. Capital gains realized by US Holders who are individuals generally will be subject to US federal income tax at preferential rates if specified minimum holding periods are met.

Tax consequences of the Open Offer
     Unless a US Holder falls within one of the exceptions referred to under ‘Taxation of capital gains’ above relating to the UK taxation of chargeable gains, there would have been no consequences for the purposes of UK taxation of chargeable gains for an eligible US Holder who subscribed for, and was issued, Ordinary shares under the Open Offer announced on November 12, 2003 (the “Open Offer”). Any US Holders who fall within one of those exceptions should consult their own tax advisors as to the consequences of their application to subscribe for, and the issue to them of, any Ordinary shares pursuant to the Open Offer for the purposes of UK taxation of chargeable gains. A US Holder will not be treated for the purposes of UK taxation of chargeable gains as having disposed of an asset as a result of their applying to subscribe for Ordinary shares under the Open Offer or as a result of the issue of any new Ordinary shares to them pursuant to the Open Offer. As such no charge to UK tax should arise on the occurrence of either of the above events.

     For US federal income tax purposes US Holders who subscribed for shares in the Open Offer should be treated as having received a distribution of shares or share rights. Under section 305(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, this distribution of shares or share rights should be tax-free and US Holders should not recognize any taxable income as a result of participating in the Open Offer. If a US Holder did not, or chose not to apply to subscribe for new Ordinary shares, or if the US Holder’s application was not accepted, the Open Offer will have no US federal income tax consequences to that US Holder.

US tax basis and holding period of shares acquired pursuant to the Open Offer
     Under the Open Offer, no actual shares or share rights were distributed, and instead eligible shareholders were permitted to purchase New Ordinary shares at a discount below their market price. The amount of this discount was effectively equivalent to a share or share right for US tax purposes. Under applicable regulations, US Holders are not required to allocate any portion of their basis in their Ordinary shares held at the time of the distribution to the shares or share rights distributed or to any New Ordinary shares acquired by virtue of the exercise of the share rights. However, a US Holder can irrevocably elect (in a statement attached to his federal tax return for the taxable year in which the New Ordinary shares are received pursuant to the Open Offer) to allocate to the purchased New Ordinary shares a portion of his basis in the shares held at the time of the distribution. US Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the advisability of and procedures for making such an election.

     The basis of each New Ordinary share acquired pursuant to the Open Offer equals the sum of the US dollar equivalent of the subscription price (plus the amount of any basis in the shares held at the time of the distribution that the US Holder elected to allocate to the New Ordinary shares). The holding period of any new Ordinary shares acquired in the Open Offer began on the date the purchased shares were made available to the US Holder following participation in the Open Offer.

Passive Foreign Investment Company considerations
     For US federal income tax purposes a non-US corporation will be classified as a Passive Foreign

 


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Investment Company (a “PFIC”) for any taxable year if at least 75% of its gross income consists of passive income (such as dividends, interest, rents, royalties, and gains on certain commodities and securities transactions), or at least 50% of the average value of its assets consist of assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income. Corus believes it should not be treated as a PFIC for the year ended January 3, 2004 and that it should not become a PFIC in the future. However, since PFIC status is a factual determination that must be made annually and depends upon the composition of a company’s income, assets and the market value of its Ordinary shares as well as the interpretation of regulations as to which there is little or no authority, there is no assurance Corus will not be considered a PFIC for any future taxable year. If Corus were characterized as a PFIC for any taxable year, US Holders would suffer adverse US federal income tax consequences. These consequences may include having gains realized on the disposition of Ordinary shares and ADSs treated as ordinary income rather than capital gains and being subject to punitive interest charges on certain dividends and on the proceeds of the sale or other disposition of the Ordinary shares. In addition, dividends paid by a corporation classified as a PFIC in the year of the dividend or the corporation’s previous taxable year, do not qualify as “qualified dividend income” and are not eligible for the reduced rate of taxation generally available for individuals under recent US tax law changes. US Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the potential application of the PFIC rules to their ownership of Ordinary shares and ADSs.

US information reporting and backup withholding
     Dividend payments with respect to Ordinary shares or ADSs and proceeds from the sale or other disposition of the Ordinary shares or ADSs paid by a US paying agent or other US intermediary may be subject to information reporting to the IRS and possible US backup withholding at a current rate of 28%. Backup withholding will not apply to a US Holder that furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number or certificate of foreign status and makes any other required certification or if the holder is otherwise exempt from backup withholding. US Holders that are required to establish their exempt status generally must provide such certification on IRS Form W-9 (Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification). Non-US Holders generally will not be subject to US information reporting or backup withholding. However, such holders may be required to provide certification of non-US status in connection with payments received in the United States or through certain US-related financial intermediaries.

     Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against the holder’s US federal income tax liability, and the holder may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by filing the appropriate claim for refund with the IRS and furnishing any required information.

UK inheritance tax
     Ordinary shares or ADSs held by an individual who is domiciled for the purposes of the US-UK double taxation convention relating to estate and gift taxes (“the Estate and Gift Tax Convention”) in the United States and is not, for the purposes of the Estate and Gift Tax Convention, a national of the UK, will not generally be subject to UK inheritance tax on the individual’s death or on a transfer of Ordinary shares or ADSs provided that the Ordinary shares or ADSs do not form part of the property of a permanent establishment situated in the UK or pertain to a fixed base situated in the UK used for the performance of independent personal services. If the Ordinary shares or ADSs are transferred to or held in a settlement they will not be subject to inheritance tax, provided that at the time when the settlement was made the settlor was domiciled for the purposes of the Estate and Gift Tax Convention in the United States and was not for purposes of the Estate and Gift Tax Convention a national of the UK. In the exceptional case where Ordinary shares or ADSs are subject both to inheritance tax and to US federal gift or estate tax, the Estate and Gift Tax Convention generally provides for tax paid in the UK to be credited against tax payable in the United States or for tax paid in the United States to be credited against tax payable in the UK, based on priority rules set forth in the Estate and Gift Tax Convention.

UK stamp duty and UK stamp duty reserve tax
     An instrument of transfer of an ADS is not subject to stamp duty reserve tax and, provided that it is executed and kept at all times outside the UK, no stamp duty will, in practice, need to be paid. However, if such an instrument executed on or after October 1, 1999 is brought into the UK, then in addition to stamp duty

 


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being payable (at 0.5% of the consideration for the transfer), an interest charge will also be due calculated from the date which is thirty days after the instrument was executed and a penalty charge will also be due if the instrument is not presented for stamping within thirty days of the day on which it is first received in the UK. An agreement to transfer ADSs in the form of ADRs will not give rise to a liability to stamp duty reserve tax or stamp duty.

     Any dealings in Ordinary shares will normally be subject to stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax. The conveyance or transfer on sale of Ordinary shares will usually be liable to ad valorem stamp duty, generally at the rate of 0.5% (rounded up if necessary to the next multiple of £5) of the amount or value of the consideration paid. Stamp duty will normally be paid by the purchaser or transferee of the Ordinary shares. An unconditional agreement to transfer Ordinary shares will normally give rise to a charge to stamp duty reserve tax, at the rate of 0.5% of the amount or value of the consideration payable for such Ordinary shares, but such liability will be cancelled, or any stamp duty reserve tax paid refunded, if the agreement is completed by a duly stamped instrument of transfer within six years of the date of the agreement or, if the agreement was conditional, the date on which the agreement became unconditional. Stamp duty reserve tax will normally be the liability of the purchaser or transferee of the Ordinary shares.

     Under the CREST system for paperless share transfers, no stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax will arise on a transfer of Ordinary shares into the system, unless the transfer into CREST is itself for consideration in money or money’s worth, in which case a liability to stamp duty reserve tax will arise, usually at the rate of 0.5% of the amount or value of consideration given. Transfers of Ordinary shares within CREST are generally liable to stamp duty reserve tax at the rate of 0.5% of the amount or value of the consideration payable rather than stamp duty, and stamp duty reserve tax on relevant transactions settled within the system or reported through it for regulatory purposes will be collected and accounted for to the Inland Revenue by CRESTCo (such stamp duty reserve tax generally being payable by the purchaser or transferee).

     Where Ordinary shares are issued or transferred to issuers of depositary receipts or providers of clearance services (or their nominees or agents), stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax (as appropriate) may be payable, in the case of stamp duty, at the rate of 1.5% (rounded up, if necessary, to the next multiple of £5) of the amount or value of the consideration provided or the value of the Ordinary shares or, in the case of stamp duty reserve tax, at the rate of 1.5% of the amount or value of the consideration payable (if in money or money’s worth) or the value of the Ordinary shares. Where such stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax (as appropriate) is payable, such amounts may be charged by the depositary or clearance service to the shareholder to whom the Ordinary shares would otherwise have been issued or to whom the Ordinary shares are being transferred. Clearance services may opt, under certain conditions, for the normal rates of stamp duty and stamp duty reserve tax (0.5%) to apply to an issue or transfer of Ordinary shares into, and to transactions within, the service. Where this is the case, the above charge at the higher rate of 1.5% will not apply to an issue or transfer of Ordinary shares into that clearance service.

     The above statements are intended as a general guide to the current stamp duty and stamp duty reserve tax position. Certain categories of person are not liable to stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax and others may be liable at a higher rate as mentioned above or may, although not primarily liable for the tax, be required to notify and account for it.

     Special rules apply to agreements made by market intermediaries and to certain sale and repurchase and stock borrowing arrangements. Agreements to transfer Ordinary shares to charities will not give rise to stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax.

 Documents on display
     The following documents referred to in this report may be inspected at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s public reference facilities at Room 1024, Judiciary Plaza, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C., 20549.

ITEM 11.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
     Corus' policies in relation to risk management are described on pages 26 and 27 ‘Business risk

 


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management’ and pages 36 to 43 ‘Directors’ report’ in the Report & Accounts 2003, contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004 which is incorporated herein by reference.

     The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference from pages 32 to 35 ‘Financial review’ and Notes 20 to 24 on pages 85 to 89 of the Report & Accounts 2003 contained in the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004.

ITEM 12.  DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

     Not applicable.

  PART II

ITEM 13.  DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

     None.

ITEM 14.  MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

     None.

ITEM 15.   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 Disclosure controls and procedures
     The Chief Executive Officer and the Executive Director, Finance, after evaluating the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in US Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Form 20-F, have concluded that, as of such date, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

 Internal control over financial reporting
     There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the year ended January 3, 2004 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 16A.  AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

     The Board of Directors has determined that Mr Andrew Robb is an ‘audit committee financial expert’ as defined in Item 16A of Form 20-F. Mr Andrew Robb and each of the other members of the Audit committee is an ‘independent director’ as defined in NYSE Section 303A(2).

ITEM 16B.  CODE OF ETHICS

     Corus does not currently have a code of ethics for its principal executive and financial officers. Such a code of ethics is being prepared for adoption during 2004 and, in the meantime, Corus’ principal executive and financial officers are covered by a code of conduct that is an integral part of their conditions of employment.

ITEM 16C.   ACCOUNTANTS’ FEES AND SERVICES

     PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and its predecessor PricewaterhouseCoopers has served as Corus’ independent public accountants for each of the financial years in the three year period ended January 3, 2004, for which audited financial statements appear in this Annual Report on Form 20-F. The Annual General Meeting elects the auditors annually.

 


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     The following table presents the aggregate fees for professional services and other services rendered by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to Corus in 2003 and 2002.

 
2003
£million
2002
£million
 
Audit fees (1) 3   3  
Audit-related fees (2) 3   3  
Tax fees (3) 1   1  
All other fees (4)    
Total 7   7  

     (1) Audit fees consist of fees billed for the annual audit services engagement and other audit services, which are those services that only the external auditor reasonably can provide, and include the Company audit; statutory audits; comfort letters and consents; attest services; and assistance with and review of documents filed with the SEC.

     (2) Audit-related fees consist of fees billed for assurance and related services that are traditionally performed by the external auditor. These fees include work in connection with the placing and open offer, renegotiation of the Group’s syndicated loan facility, and other consultations in relation to financial accounting and reporting standards.

     (3) Tax fees include fees billed for corporate tax compliance services, tax advisory services, and expatriate tax compliance and advisory services.

     (4) Other fees relate to training and other one-off projects.

Audit committee pre-approval policies and procedures
     The audit committee has reviewed and approved a policy for the control and monitoring of audit and non-audit work by the auditor so as to safeguard auditor objectivity and independence. This policy defines prohibited services that cannot be provided by the auditor and permitted services that can be provided.

     The audit committee has pre-approved permitted services. The relevant categories being audit services and audit-related/assurance services, and tax services and other services that do not compromise the independence of the audit role. The approval process requires details of the scope of the service to be performed and the fee structure. The audit committee prior to engagement must approve activities that are not pre-approved.

     The actual fees incurred are included in statements on fees provided to the audit committee at specified intervals.

     During 2003, 100% of audit fees, 100% of audit-related fees, 100% of tax fees and 100% of all other fees provided to Corus by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP were approved by the audit committee. There were no services pursuant to the de minimis exception to the pre-approval requirement provided by paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X.

ITEM 16D.  EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT

     Not applicable.

 PART III

ITEM 17.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

     Not applicable.

 


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ITEM 18.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

     The financial statements required to be filed as part of this Report have been incorporated by reference to the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004, which contains the Report & Accounts 2003, except for the ‘Independent auditors’ report to the members of Corus Group plc’ on pages 60 and 61.

     The ‘Report by the independent auditors to the members of Corus Group plc’ required under US GAAS and GAAP and incorporated in the Form 20-F is provided below:

Report of Independent Auditors

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Corus Group plc

     We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Corus Group plc and its subsidiaries as of January 3, 2004 and December 28, 2002, and the related consolidated profit and loss accounts, statements of total recognised gains and losses, reconciliations of movement in shareholders’ funds, consolidated cash flow statements, for each of the three years in the period ended January 3, 2004. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

     We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

     In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Corus Group plc and its subsidiaries at January 3, 2004 and December 28, 2002, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended January 3, 2004 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United Kingdom.

     Accounting principles generally accepted in the United Kingdom vary in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Information relating to the nature and effect of such differences is presented in Note 37 to the consolidated financial statements.

     PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
     London, England
     March 18, 2004


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ITEM 19.  EXHIBITS
Exhibit Number Description
1.1 Memorandum of Association, as amended and approved by the Extraordinary General Meeting of shareholders on December 5, 2003 of Corus Group plc.

1.2 Articles of Association, as amended and approved by the Extraordinary General Meeting of shareholders on December 5, 2003, of Corus Group plc.

4.1 The Corus Executive Share Option Scheme (previously filed as an exhibit to the Report & Accounts 2000 of Corus Group plc on Form 20-F for the financial period from October 3, 1999 to December 30, 2000 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 27, 2001 and incorporated herein by reference).

4.2 Corus Group plc Annual Performance Bonus Plan.

4.3 Service contract of Mr Varin.

4.4 Service contract of Mr Pettifor (previously filed as an exhibit to the Report & Accounts 2001 of Corus Group plc on Form 20-F for the financial period from December 31, 2000 to December 29, 2001, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 26, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference).

4.5 Letter amending the service contract of Mr Pettifor.

4.6 Service contract of Mr Lloyd (previously filed as an exhibit to the Report & Accounts 2001 of Corus Group plc on Form 20-F for the financial period from December 31, 2000 to December 29, 2001, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 26, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference).

4.7 Letter amending the service contract of Mr Lloyd.

*6 For a statement explaining how earnings per share information was calculated see Note 10 to the accounts of the Report & Accounts 2003, which has been incorporated by reference into this Annual Report.

*8 For a list of significant subsidiaries see pages 105 and 106 of the Report & Accounts 2003 which has been incorporated by reference into this Annual Report.

*10.1(b) Certain of the Corus responses to the requirements of Form 20-F have been incorporated by reference to the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004 which contains the Report & Accounts 2003. Pursuant to Rule 12b-23(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the information incorporated into this Annual Report by reference to such Form 6-K is attached as an exhibit hereto.

12.1 Certification of Philippe Varin, Chief Executive Officer of Corus Group plc, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

12.2 Certification of David Lloyd, Executive Director, Finance, of Corus Group plc, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

13 Certification of Philippe Varin, Chief Executive Officer of Corus Group plc and David Lloyd, Executive Director, Finance, of Corus Group plc, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

*Incorporated by reference to the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004


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 SIGNATURES

     The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorised the undersigned to sign this Annual Report on its behalf.

Corus Group plc
(Registrant)

/S/ R.J. Reeves

R.J. Reeves
(Secretary)

March 22, 2004


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 EXHIBIT INDEX

Description
Sequential numbered page
Memorandum of Association, as amended and approved by the Extraordinary General Meeting of shareholders on December 5, 2003 of Corus Group plc.

 
Articles of Association, as amended and approved by the Extraordinary General Meeting of shareholders on December 5, 2003, of Corus Group plc.

 .
Corus Group plc Annual Performance Bonus Plan.

Service contract of Mr Varin.

Letter amending the service contract of Mr Pettifor.

Letter amending the service contract of Mr Lloyd.

Certain of the Corus responses to the requirements of Form 20-F have been incorporated by reference to the Corus Report on Form 6-K dated March 22, 2004 which contains the Report & Accounts 2003. Pursuant to Rule 12b-23(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the information incorporated into this Annual Report by reference to such Form 6-K is attached as an exhibit hereto.

Certifications of Philippe Varin, Chief Executive Officer and David Lloyd, Executive Director, Finance, of Corus Group plc, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification of Philippe Varin, Chief Executive Officer and David Lloyd, Executive Director, Finance, of Corus Group plc, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.


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 CERTIFICATION

EXHIBIT 12.1

 

I, Philippe Varin, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Corus Group plc;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the company and have:

    (a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

    (b) evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

    (c) disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

    (a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

    (b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 22, 2004

 

By:

/S/ Philippe Varin

Philippe Varin

Chief Executive Officer


Form 20–F 2003    53

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Picture -- Corus Logo -- corus

CERTIFICATION

EXHIBIT 12.2

 

I, David Lloyd, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Corus Group plc;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the company and have:

    (a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

    (b) evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

    (c) disclosed in this report any change in