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Akzo Nobel NV · 20-F · For 12/31/04

Filed On 6/16/05 1:43pm ET   ·   SEC File 0-17444   ·   Accession Number 1208646-5-317

  in   Show  and 
  As Of               Filer                 Filing     As/For/On Docs:Pgs              Issuer               Agent

 6/16/05  Akzo Nobel NV                     20-F       12/31/04    7:266                                    1208646

Annual Report of a Foreign Private Issuer   ·   Form 20-F
Filing Table of Contents

Document/Exhibit                   Description                      Pages   Size 

 1: 20-F        Annual Report of a Foreign Private Issuer           HTML  1,884K 
 2: EX-8        Opinion re: Tax Matters                             HTML    298K 
 3: EX-12       Statement re: Computation of Ratios                 HTML     14K 
 4: EX-12       Statement re: Computation of Ratios                 HTML     14K 
 5: EX-13       Annual or Quarterly Report to Security Holders      HTML      8K 
 6: EX-13       Annual or Quarterly Report to Security Holders      HTML      9K 
 7: EX-15       Letter re: Unaudited Interim Financial Information  HTML      7K 


20-F   ·   Annual Report of a Foreign Private Issuer
Document Table of Contents

Page (sequential) | (alphabetic) Top
 
11st Page
3Back to Contents
5Introduction
6Item 1
"Identity of directors, senior management and advisors
"Item 2
"Offer statistics and expected timetable
"Item 3
"Key information
18Item 4
"Information on the company
57Item 5
"Operating and financial review and prospects
84Item 6
"Directors, senior management and employees
104Item 7
"Major shareholders and related party transactions
"102
105Item 8
"Financial information
"103
109Item 9
"The offer and listing
"107
111Item 10
"Additional information
"109
121Item 11
"Quantitative and qualitative disclosure about market risk
"119
124Item 12
"Description of securities other than equity securities
"122
"Item 13
"Defaults, dividend arreages and delinquencies
"Item 14
"Material modifications to the rights of security holders and use of proceeds
"Item 15
"Disclosure Controls and Procedures
"Item 16.A
"Audit Committee Financial Expert
"123
"Item 16.C
"Principal Accountant Fee and Services
"Item 16.B
"Code of Ethics
125Item 16.E
"Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
"124
"Item 17
"Financial statements
"Item 18
"125
"Report of independent auditors
"126
126Summary of significant accounting policies used in preparing the consolidated financial statements
"127
131Consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2004 and 2003
"132
132Consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002
"133
133Consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003, and 2002
"134
134Notes to the consolidated financial statements
"135
180Valuation and qualifying accounts
"181
"Item 19
"Exhibits
181Signatures and Certifications
"182
"Exhibit Index

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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549



FORM 20-F

(Mark one)

(  )
REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12 (b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
 
   
ACT OF 1934
 
   
or
 
(X)
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
 
   
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
   
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004
 
   
or
 
(  )
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
 
   
1934
 
   
Commission file number 0-17444
 



AKZO NOBEL N.V.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

   The Netherlands
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization

76 Velperweg, 6824 BM ARNHEM
(Address of principal executive offices)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Name of each exchange on which registered
American Depositary Shares
NASDAQ/NMS
Common shares of EUR 2 each
NASDAQ/NMS*

*Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares,
pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission


Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer's classes of capital or common shares as of the close of the period covered by the annual report:

Common shares, par value EUR 2 per share 286,147,260
Priority shares, par value EUR 400 per share 48

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes Image -- tickedbox
No Image -- emptybox

Indicate by check mark which financial statement itm the reistered has elected to follw.

Item 17 Image -- emptybox
Item 18 Image -- tickedbox


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1

Akzo Nobel N.V.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

   
Page
PART I    
Introduction 3
Item 1 Identity of directors, senior management and advisors 4
Item 2 Offer statistics and expected timetable 4
Item 3 Key information 4
Item 4 Information on the company 16
Item 5 Operating and financial review and prospects 55
Item 6 Directors, senior management and employees 82
Item 7 Major shareholders and related party transactions 102
Item 8 Financial information 103
Item 9 The offer and listing 107
Item 10 Additional information 109
Item 11 Quantitative and qualitative disclosure about market risk 119
Item 12 Description of securities other than equity securities 122
     
PART II    
Item 13 Defaults, dividend arreages and delinquencies 122
Item 14 Material modifications to the rights of security holders and use of proceeds
122
Item 15 Disclosure Controls and Procedures 122
Item 16.A Audit Committee Financial Expert 123
Item 16.B Code of Ethics 123
Item 16.C Principal Accountant Fee and Services 123
Item 16.E Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers 124
     
PART III    
Item 17 Financial statements 124
Item 18 Financial statements 125
Item 19 Exhibits 181
Signatures and Certifications 182
Exhibit Index 182

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3

PART I

 INTRODUCTION

The consolidated financial statements of Akzo Nobel N.V. and subsidiaries appearing in this annual report are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the Netherlands (“NL GAAP”). NL GAAP differ in certain respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“US GAAP”). The significant differences between NL GAAP and US GAAP affecting Akzo Nobel's net income and shareholder's equity are discussed in Note 22 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements of Akzo Nobel.

The terms “Akzo Nobel” or the Company are sometimes used herein for convenience in contexts where reference is made to the consolidated companies of Akzo Nobel N.V. in general. Such terms are also used for convenience in referring to individual groups and subsidiaries.

In this annual report, unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires, references to “dollars”, “U.S. dollars” and “USD” are to the United States currency. For convenience only (except where noted otherwise), certain euro figures have been translated into dollars at the rate of EUR 0.824 = USD 1.00, the noon buying rate in The City of New York for cable transfers in foreign currencies as announced by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for customs purposes (the “Noon Buying Rate”) on June 14, 2005. These translations should not be construed as a representation that the euro amounts actually represent such dollar amounts or could be converted into dollars at the rate indicated. On June 14, 2005, the Noon Buying Rate was EUR 0.824 = USD 1.00.

In order to utilize the “Safe Harbor” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Akzo Nobel is providing the following cautionary statement. This document contains certain forward-looking statements with respect to the financial condition, results of operations and business of Akzo Nobel and certain of the plans and objectives of Akzo Nobel with respect to these items. These statements may generally, but not always, be identified by the use of words such as “anticipate”, “assume”, “intend”, “plan”, “project”, “should”, “expect”, “estimate”, “believe” or similar expressions. In particular, among other statements, certain statements in Item 4 “Information on the Company” with regard to strategy, management objectives, including return on investment targets, market trends, market standing, market share estimates based on management’s estimates, benefits that may result from future restructuring programs, the product volumes, the costs and expenditures related to environmental compliance or remediation, Health, Safety and Environment targets, future research and development initiatives, the Pharma pipeline, the statements in Item 8 “Financial Information” with regard to the outcome of disputes with tax authorities, the outcome or consequences of pending or future legal or regulatory proceedings–including the Remeron® cases, and antitrust investigations and other potential related lawsuits–and their effect on the Company and those statements in Item 5 “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” with regard to trends in results of operations, margins, overall market and macroeconomic trends, risk management, exchange rates and objectives such as return on capital are forward-looking in nature as are all statements under “Forward Looking Statement on 2005” and Item 11 “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk”.

By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that will occur in the future. There are a number of factors that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or


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implied by these forward looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, levels of business spending in major economies (as well as other developments in the economies of the Company’s markets in Asia, Latin America, North America and Europe), the development in market value of pension plan assets, governmental regulations, changes in customer needs, the levels of marketing expenditures by Akzo Nobel and its competitors, the introduction of new products by competitors, raw material and employee costs, future foreign exchange and interest rates, changes in tax rates and product regulation, future business combinations, acquisitions or dispositions, environmental liabilities, and the outcome of tax disputes, antitrust investigations, potential product liability claims and other lawsuits, and wars and acts of terrorism or sabotage.

Statements made in Item 4 “Information on the Company, referring to Akzo Nobel’s competitive position, are based on the Company’s belief, and in some cases, the statements are also based on information from a range of sources, including analysts’ reports, independent market studies and Akzo Nobel’s internal assessment of market share based on publicly available information about the financial results and performance of market participants unless otherwise noted. Such references to the Company’s positioning generally refer to its market share based on sales.

In the analysis of the development of sales, when compared to the previous year, the Company distinguishes between the effects from changed volumes, changed selling prices, currency translation, acquisitions, and divestments. Autonomous sales growth, which sometimes is used in the discussions in this report, is a non-GAAP measure and is defined as the change in sales attributable to changed volumes and selling prices. Autonomous sales growth excludes currency, acquisition, and divestment effects. As a result, autonomous growth numbers reflect comparable sales performance, and are used and analyzed by the Company’s management for this purpose. Because of the comparability of sales performance that can be analyzed by reviewing autonomous growth numbers, the Company’s management believes that these numbers are useful for those reviewing our financial performance. However, the autonomous growth numbers should not be viewed in isolation or as alternatives to the comparable GAAP measure of net sales and should be read in conjunction with such measure.

 Item 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS

Not applicable.

 Item 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

Not applicable.

 Item 3. KEY INFORMATION

A. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

The selected financial data set forth on the following pages are derived from previously published financial information of Akzo Nobel, including the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and for the three years in the period ended December 31, 2004, which appear elsewhere in this annual report. The selected financial data should be read in conjunction with, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, such financial statements, including the notes thereto.

The audited consolidated financial statements of Akzo Nobel as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2004, have been audited by


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5

KPMG Accountants N.V., independent registered public accounting firm, whose report thereon is included in Item 18. The consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, and the consolidated statements of income and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2000 were also audited by KPMG Accountants N.V.; however, those balance sheets, statements of income, and statements of cash flows are not included in this Form 20-F.

Reference is made to Note 22 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements regarding differences between NL GAAP and US GAAP that affected Akzo Nobel's net income and shareholders' equity, as well as certain other lines of the Consolidated Statement of Income and the Consolidated Balance Sheet.


 
  Selected financial data for the years ended December 31,      
In millions, except per share amounts
2004
 
2004
 
2003
  2002   2001  
2000
 

 
 
USD
 
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
 
 
(a)
                     
Consolidated Income data:                        
Amounts in accordance with NL GAAP:                        
                         
Net sales 15,398   12,688   13,051   14,002   14,110   14,003  
Operating income 1,578   1,300   1,064   1,362   1,198   1,487  
Net income 1,039   856   602   818   671   947  
Basic earnings per share / ADR (b) 3.64   3.00   2.11   2.86   2.35   3.31  
Amounts in accordance with US GAAP:                        
Net sales 15,388   12,680   12,931   13,880   13,920   13,812  
Operating income 1,578   1,300   978   1,446   1,025   1,258  
Net income 1,010   832   559   860   448   745  
Basic earnings per share / ADR (b)(c) 3.53   2.91   1.96   3.01   1.57   2.61  
Diluted earnings per share / ADR (b)(c) 3.53   2.90   1.95   3.00   1.56   2.60  
                         
Consolidated Balance Sheet data:                        
Amounts in accordance with NL GAAP:                        
Total assets 15,055   12,405   11,954   12,789   12,925   12,707  
Long-term borrowings 2,903   2,392   2,677   2,063   1,941   2,137  
Shareholders’ equity 3,684   3,036   2,502   2,098   2,878   2,694  
                         
Amounts in accordance with US GAAP:                        
Total assets 18,826   15,513   15,066   16,046   16,310   16,311  
Long-term borrowings 2,902   2,391   2,652   2,065   1,938   2,117  
Shareholders’ equity 7,436   6,127   5,651   5,455   6,362   6,368  

(a) Amounts in this column have been translated solely for the convenience of the reader at the Noon
  Buying Rate on June 14, 2005, of EUR 0.824 = USD 1.00.
(b) American Depositary Receipts.
(c) For the breakdown on earnings from continued and discontinued operations see Note 22 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements under (n).

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The table below sets forth the number of common shares outstanding and the amounts of interim, final and total dividends declared (and the U.S.-dollar equivalents) on the common shares in respect of the fiscal years indicated.


    Number of shares       Dividends per common share    
Year ended
December 31,
              EUR           USD*    
 
Average
End of period
Interim
Final
Total
Interim
Final
Total

   
2000
 
285,902,574
285,937,700
0.30
0.90
1.20
0.28
0.84
1.11
2001
 
285,888,385
285,854,813
0.30
0.90
1.20
0.26
0.79
1.06
2002
 
285,827,092
285,691,957
0.30
0.90
1.20
0.32
0.94
1.26
2003
 
285,691,957
285,691,957
0.30
0.90
1.20
0.38
1.14
1.52
2004
 
285,745,587
285,773,239
0.30
0.90
1.20
0.41
1.23
1.64

* Dividends per common share in U.S. dollars are based on the Noon Buying Rate at December 31 of each year.

The following table sets forth for the fiscal periods indicated the average exchange rates for U.S. dollars into euros per dollar based on the applicable Noon Buying Rate.


Year ended
 
Average*
December 31,
 
 

 
 
2000
 
1.08
 
2001
 
1.12
 
2002
 
1.06
 
2003
 
0.88
 
2004
 
0.80
 

* The average of the Noon Buying Rates on the last day of each month during the period.

The following table sets forth for the months indicated the high and low rates for U.S. dollars expressed in euros per dollar.


 
High
 
Low
 
 
December 2004
0.76
 
0.73
January 2005
0.77
 
0.74
February 2005
0.78
 
0.75
March 2005
0.77
 
0.74
April 2005
0.78
 
0.76
May 2005
0.81
 
0.77

On June 14, 2005, the noon buying Rate was EUR 0.824 = USD 1.00.

Dividends, if any, will be paid in euros, and any exchange rate fluctuations may affect the USD amounts received by holders of ADRs upon conversion by the depositary of such dividends.


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7

B. CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

Not applicable.

C. REASONS FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.

D. RISK FACTORS

This section describes some of the risks that could affect the Company’s business. The factors below should be considered in connection with any forward-looking statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F and the cautionary statements contained in the introduction on pages 3 and 4. Forward looking statements can be identified generally as those containing words such as “anticipate”, “assume”, “intend”, “plan”, “project”, “should”, “expect”, “estimate”, “believe”, and words and terms of similar substance in connection with any discussion of future operating or financial performance.

Doing business inherently involves taking risks, and by taking measured risks the Company strives to be sustainable. This situation calls for creating a proper balance between entrepreneurial attitude and risk levels associated with business opportunities. The Company fosters a high awareness of business risks and internal control procedures, geared to safeguarding transparency in our operations.

- Within Akzo Nobel, all managers at all levels are responsible for risk management as an integral part of their day-to-day operations and decisions.
- They are all required to identify enterprise risks affecting their businesses and to manage them adequately.
- The Akzo Nobel Risk Management function supports and develops the framework that enables managers to fulfill these responsibilities.
- Risk boundaries are governed by Akzo Nobel’s Company Statement, Business Principles, Internal Authority Schedules, and Corporate Directives in such areas as Finance & Control; Insurance; Health, Safety and Environment; Human Resources; Communications; and Legal.
- Risk reporting covers the perceived likelihood, the assessed impact, and the effectiveness of control measures in place to deal with risks. Reporting on these elements, as well as those preemptive and remedial actions is an integral part of the Company’s Business Planning & Review cycle.
- The internal control system, audit procedures, and independent appraisals are designed to assist in maintaining the effectiveness of Akzo Nobel’s risk management approach.

Our Risk Management framework complies with the Enterprise Risk Management – Integrated Framework of COSO (the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission). The procedures and results are reviewed by the Board of Management and discussed in the Supervisory Board.

The diversity of businesses within Akzo Nobel leads to a large number of different risk factors, each of which may result in a material impact on a particular business unit but may not materially affect the Company as a whole. The diversity of the Company’s businesses and processes may allow it to offset some risks faced by the Company. However, there can be no assurance that our Risk Management function or our diversity will mitigate any risks we may face. The risks below are not the only ones that Akzo Nobel faces. Some risks are not yet known to Akzo Nobel and some that Akzo Nobel does not currently believe to be material could later turn out to be material. All of these risks could materially affect Akzo Nobel’s


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businesses, revenues, operating income, net income, net assets and liquidity and capital resources. The Company’s risk management systems are focused on timely discovery of such additional risks.

The factors that could affect our financial condition or our business or could cause actual results to differ materially include the following:

The Company may face intense competition from new products and from lower-cost generic products.

The Company’s products that are under patent protection face competition from competitors’ proprietary products. This competition may increase as new products enter the market. The Company faces increasing competition from lower-cost generic products after patents on its products expire and from low-cost producers in other business areas. Loss of patent protection typically leads to loss of sales in the product’s markets and could affect the Company’s future results.

In December 2002, the Company lost an important court case on its major product Remeron® in the United States, which in 2003 and 2004 led to strong generic competition, loss of market share and a negative impact on performance. In the course of 2004, the Company also lost market exclusivity for Remeron® in certain countries in Europe.

As new products enter the market, the Company’s products may become obsolete or competitors’ products may be more effective or more effectively marketed and sold than its own products. If Akzo Nobel fails to maintain its competitive position, this could have a material adverse effect on its business and results of operations.

The Company’s research and development efforts may not succeed or its competitors may develop more effective or successful products.

In order to remain competitive, the Company must commit substantial resources each year to research and development through its dedicated resources as well as through various collaborations with third parties. Ongoing investments in new product launches and research and development for future products could produce higher costs without a proportional increase in revenues. Especially in the Pharma businesses, the research and development process can take from six to fourteen years, from discovery to commercial product launch. This process is conducted in various stages, and during each stage there is a substantial risk that the Company will not achieve its goals and accordingly may abandon a product for which it has spent substantial amounts.

In this context it should also be noted that certain studies prepared for the European Commission concluded that European pharmaceutical companies have not only been losing competitiveness to their U.S. peers, but also that this trend has intensified. Unlike the U.S.-based multinationals, the European pharmaceutical companies still lack the background and leverage of a single domestic (European) market. In addition, Europe has been less effective than the United States in encouraging growth of new technology suppliers and innovation specialists in such fields as combinatorial chemistry, genomics, and high-throughput screening.

The Company is looking for more partners to share the burden and success of product development in this area.

If the Company fails to continue developing commercially successful products or fails to find suitable partners, this could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business and results of operations. If


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9

its competitors develop more effective products or a greater number of successful new products, or if the competitive position of its European operations changes in a negative way, this could also have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business and results of operations.

On the other hand there is also risk involved with the reliance on partners for the sharing of costs and generation of revenues. If these partners do not perform in accordance with our agreements with them, this could also have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business and results of operations.

It can also be the case that due to unwanted side effects of pharmaceutical products, in particular, which appear at a later stage after introduction of a product, the Company may decide or may be forced to withdraw a certain product from the market. This also could have a material adverse effect on its business and results of operation.

Product regulation may adversely affect the Company’s ability to bring new products to market.

The Company and its competitors are subject to strict government controls on the development, manufacture, labeling, distribution and marketing of products. The Company must obtain and maintain regulatory approval for its pharmaceutical and other products from regulatory agencies before certain products may be sold in a particular jurisdiction. The submission of an application to a regulatory authority does not guarantee that a license to market the product will be granted. Each authority may impose its own requirements and delay or refuse to grant approval, even though a product has been approved by another country. In the Company’s principal markets, the approval process for a new product is complex, lengthy and expensive. For pharmaceutical products, the time taken to obtain approval varies by country but generally takes from eight months to several years from the date of application. Regulatory delays, the inability to complete clinical trials successfully, claims and concerns about safety and efficacy, new discoveries, patents and products of competitors and related patent disputes and claims about adverse side effects are only a few of the factors that could adversely affect the realization of product registration. This increases the Company’s cost in developing new products and increases the risk that it will not succeed in selling them successfully.

In this respect, the Company did not receive FDA approval for its antidepressant gepirone ER.

In light of the uncertainties in the hormone therapy area, as also reflected in a number of studies that downgrade some of the perceived positive health effects of treatments, the refiling of additional data with the FDA for Livial® 1.25 mg (U.S.) is at present to be expected at the end of 2005.

Regulations which limit the prices we may charge for our pharmaceutical products can reduce the Company’s revenues and adversely affect its business and results of operations.

In addition to normal price competition in the marketplace, the prices of Akzo Nobel’s pharmaceutical products are restricted by price controls imposed by governments and health care providers in most countries. Price controls operate differently in different countries and can cause wide variations in prices between markets. Currency fluctuations can aggravate these differences. The existence of price controls can limit the revenues Akzo Nobel earns from its products and may have an adverse effect on its business and results of operations.

Some 30 percent of the Company’s earnings are derived from the healthcare markets. In many of these countries the prices for our products are regulated. In the United States, Medicare reform could result in de facto price controls on prescription drugs. In Europe, the Company’s operations are also subject to price


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10 

and market regulations. Many governments are introducing healthcare reforms in an attempt to curb increasing healthcare costs. In Japan, where Akzo Nobel also operates, governmental price cuts are introduced biannually. In response to rising healthcare costs, many governments and private medical care providers, such as HMOs, have instituted reimbursement schemes that favor the substitution of generic pharmaceuticals for more expensive brand-name pharmaceuticals. In the United States, generic substitution statutes have been enacted by virtually all states and permit or require the dispensing pharmacist to substitute a less expensive generic drug instead of the original brand-name drug. As a result, the Company expects pressures on its pricing and operating results in our pharmaceuticals business to continue.

Risks in production processes can adversely affect the Company’s results of operations.

Certain chemical production processes are hazardous, and natural disasters, operator error or other occurrences could result in explosions, fires, or equipment failure, which could result in injury or death, or damage to property or the environment, and business interruption.

It is the Company’s policy to try to mitigate production risks by spreading of production and an adequate inventory policy combined with contingency planning and appropriate risk transfer arrangements (e.g. insurances).

Losses and liabilities arising from such events, in so far as not covered by insurance, would significantly reduce the Company’s revenues or increase costs and could have a material adverse effect on its operations or financial condition.

Inability to access raw materials, growth in cost and expenses for raw materials, petroleum and natural gas and changes in product mix may adversely influence the future results of the Company.

Important raw materials or auxiliary materials for the Company’s production processes are salt, petroleum and petroleum derivatives, natural gas, titanium dioxide, and electricity. Some of these components are available only from a small source of suppliers. Although Akzo Nobel aims to use its purchasing power and long-term relationships with suppliers to acquire raw materials and their constant delivery at the best conditions, the Company cannot assure that it will always be able to establish or maintain good relationships with such suppliers or that such suppliers will continue to exist or be able to supply ingredients in conformity with regulatory requirements or the Company’s requests. In addition, growth in the costs and expenses of these components resulting from a shortage or a change in Akzo Nobel’s product mix may adversely influence the Company’s business and financial results. Akzo Nobel is sensitive to price movements in raw materials. In particular, energy prices pose a risk, presently still aggravated by the unstable situation in the Middle East.

A failure to manage expansion effectively could adversely affect the Company’s business.

Management of the Company’s growth, as well as the commencement of commercial manufacturing and marketing of the Company’s forthcoming products, will require continued expansion of the Company’s systems and internal controls and an increase in the Company’s manufacturing, marketing and sales operations. In addition, the Company intends to continue to add new personnel. Any failure to manage growth effectively and integrate new personnel on a timely basis could adversely affect the Company’s business.


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11

The Company may not be able to identify future acquisitions or may not be successful in integrating acquired businesses.

As part of its business strategy, the Company periodically reviews acquisition prospects and strategic alliances that it expects to complement its existing businesses or increase its revenues. The Company does not know if it will be able to identify any future acquisitions, joint ventures or alliances. A failure to identify future transactions may impair the Company’s future growth.

If the Company is unable to retain key personnel or attract new personnel, it could have an adverse effect on the Company’s business.

The Company’s future operating results depend in part upon its ability to attract and retain qualified management, scientific, technical, marketing, and support personnel. Competition for such personnel is intense, and there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to continue to attract and retain such personnel.

Seasonality may adversely affect the operating results of the Company’s Coatings and Chemicals business.

A portion of the Company’s Coatings and Chemicals business is seasonal, with sales and earnings being relatively higher during the outdoor season and lower during the indoor season. The operating results may be harmed if bad weather delays the outdoor season in the major markets in which the Company operates and the Company is not able to offset during the corresponding financial year the lag in earnings resulting from such delay.

Bad publicity and damage to the Company’s brands could adversely affect its business and results of operations.

The reputation of the Company’s brands is critical to its business. The success in promoting and enhancing its brands is dependent on providing safe high-quality products, particularly in the pharma business. If it fails to successfully promote its brands, or if it receives bad publicity as a result of a product liability case or publicized health or other risks associated with its products, the value of the Company’s brands will be diminished. This could have a material and adverse effect on the business and results of operations.

The outcome of tax disputes, litigation, indemnification and guarantees, and regulatory action could adversely affect the Company’s business and results of operations.

In December 2002, summary judgment of noninfringement was obtained by certain generic drug manufacturers, sued by the Company under the U.S. Hatch-Waxman Act, alleging inducement of infringement by such manufacturers of the Company's U.S. patent protecting the use of mirtazapine (Remeron®) in combination with one or more SSRIs for the treatment of depression. Three of the generic drug manufacturers sued by the Company filed antitrust claims against the Company as counterclaims in the infringement actions brought by the Company. In addition, antitrust claims were filed against the Company in the United States on behalf of nine large chain store and grocery store pharmacies, and by alleged classes of direct and indirect purchasers of Remeron®. These cases were consolidated in the Federal District Court of New Jersey. In addition to these cases, the state attorneys general of the States of Texas, Florida, and Oregon opened civil investigations to determine if the Company's conduct violated their respective laws and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), working with the State Attorneys General, opened a civil investigation to determine whether the Company violated federal law.


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In April 2004, the Company reached settlements with the three generic manufacturers in an aggregate amount of USD 28 million. In September 2004, the Company reached a settlement with the indirect purchaser class (class of consumers and third party payers in the United States who paid for mirtazapine during the relevant period) for total consideration of USD 36 million. This settlement also resolved the claims and investigations of the three state attorneys general that had commenced investigations as well as the claims of all other states. The FTC announced that in light of the states’ settlement it was closing its investigation without taking any action. The indirect purchasers’ and state attorneys’ general settlement is subject to certain conditions including, but not limited to, approval by the Federal District Court of New Jersey. In September 2004, the Company also settled with the nine large chain store and grocery store plaintiffs. The Company continues to believe that its actions in obtaining and enforcing its intellectual property rights were appropriate. However, given the costs and risks of defending these actions, the Company took the opportunity to resolve these matters. Including legal costs the Company recognized a total pretax charge of EUR 89 million for the Remeron® cases during 2004.

The action brought by an alleged class of direct purchasers remains pending in the Federal District Court in Newark, New Jersey. In September 2004, the District Court entered an order dismissing three of the five claims brought by those direct purchasers while denying the plaintiff’s motion for partial summary j