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As Of Filer Filing For·On·As Docs:Size Issuer Agent 9/06/06 Gateway Trust 497AD 1:324K Vintage/FA → Gateway Fund ⇒ GATEX |
Document/Exhibit Description Pages Size 1: 497AD Advertising by an Investment Company HTML 52K
Profiting From Volatility
The Gateway Alternative
Walter G. Sall, Chairman
Gateway Investment Advisers, L.P.
3805 Edwards Road, Suite 600
800.354.6339 Fax 513.719.1199
Guiding Investors into the
World of Alternative Investing Since 1978
Required Disclosure Page
Gateway Fund
Average Annual Total Returns
As of June 30, 2006
Gateway Fund returns throughout this document are net of fees and expenses. An investor may be subject to additional fees and charges if the Fund is
sold through intermediaries.
* After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local
taxes. Actual
after-tax returns depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. The above after-tax returns are not relevant to you if you
hold your Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements such as 401(k) plans or IRAs.
Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Performance data represents past performance and assumes the reinvestment of distributions, but
does not reflect the
deduction of taxes paid on distributions or on the redemption of your shares. Your investment return and principal value of an
investment will fluctuate so that your shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than the original cost.
Gateway advises an investor to consider the investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses of the Gateway Fund carefully before investing. The
Gateway Fund prospectus
contains this and other information regarding the Fund. Please call 800.354.6339 to obtain a prospectus or one is available
on-line at www.gatewayfund.com. The prospectus should be read carefully before you invest or send money.
Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance data quoted. Gateway Fund performance data that is current to the most recent
month-end is available by
calling 800.354.6339 or by accessing our website at www.gatewayfund.com.
Data Source: Gateway Investment Advisers, L.P. and Thomson Financial Inc.
5.54%
3.09%
4.05%
and Sale of Fund Shares*
Return After Taxes on Distributions
6.01%
3.49%
5.42%
Return After Taxes on Distributions*
6.70%
3.89%
6.25%
Return Before Taxes
Ten
Years
Five
Years
One
Year
Why Alternative Investing
Taking advantage of a broader range of investment tools
Achieving better flexibility for investors needing more
than stock/bond blends
Improving risk management techniques
How Do Alternatives Add Value — A Focus
On Risk-Adjusted Return
Increase return more than increasing risk
Decrease risk more than decreasing return
Exploit inefficiencies — merger arbitrage, convertible
arbitrage, distressed securities, long/short, hedged equity
Invest indirectly — use volatility as an investment vehicle
Past performance is no guarantee of future results.
Indexes are unmanaged and cannot accommodate direct investment.
See Required Disclosure on page 1 and Index Definitions on page
14.
Alternative View Of Allocation: Risk Allocation
Citigroup One-
Month Treasury Bill
Index
Lehman
Bros. U.S.
Intermediate
Gvt/Credit
Bond Index
S&P 500
Index
Gateway
Fund
Lehman Bros. U.S.
Corporate High Yield
Index
Lehman Bros. U.S.
Long Gvt/Credit
Index
Increasing Risk
January 1, 1988 – June 30, 2006
Based on Quarterly Data
0.74
0.51
0.52
0.60
0.72
0.00
Sharpe Ratio ***
6.41%
14.66%
8.38%
7.79%
3.76%
0.95%
Risk
9.01%
11.78%
8.67%
8.94%
6.98%
4.28%
Return
Gateway
Fund
S&P 500
Index
LB Corp
High Yield
LB Long
Gvt/Credit
LB Int
Gvt/Credit
Citigroup One-
Month
T-Bill Index
Stock/Bond Comparison
(annualized)
1/1/88 – 6/30/06
Mechanics Of Volatility-Based Investing
Base Case
Expected value = .60 x $8 plus
.40 x ($2) = $4
$60
Price
Payoff
$8
($2)
$40
$50
60%
40%
1.
Investor purchases an at-the-money call option on a $50 stock for $2.
2.
Stock moves up and down and the option expires
3.
In case one, the stock increases to $60. The option is worth $10 ($60
minus $50) less its cost of $2 for a total of $8.
4.
In case two, the stock price decreases to $40. The option expires
worthless and the call buyer loses the premium cost or the $2.
5.
Expected value is computed by multiplying the dollar outcome by the
probability of occurrence.
Probabilities are hypotheticals for purpose of this illustration. This example is not intended to
represent an actual option, but to illustrate the impact of
volatility alone on the expected value.
Mechanics Of Volatility-Based Investing
Impact of Higher Volatility
Increasing volatility increases the option value because the upside is increased.
Expected value =
..60 x $18 plus
.40 x ($2) = $10
$70
Price
Payoff
$18
($2)
$30
$50
60%
40%
1.
Investor purchases an at-the-money call option on a $50 stock for $2.
2.
Stock moves up and down and the option expires
3.
In case one, the stock increases to $70. The option is worth $10 ($70
minus $50) less its cost of $2 for a total of $18.
4.
In case two, the stock price decreases to $30. The option expires
worthless and the call buyer loses the premium cost or the $2.
5.
Expected value is computed by multiplying the dollar outcome by the
probability of occurrence.
Probabilities are hypotheticals for purpose of this illustration. This example is not intended to
represent an actual option, but to illustrate the impact of
volatility alone on the expected value.
Techniques And Risks Of Volatility Investing
Sell uncovered options
Calls have unlimited risk of loss as stock price rises
Puts have limited but significant risk of loss as stock price declines
Covered Calls
Hedges risk of loss as price increases
Introduces risk of loss on the stock as price declines
Spreads
Limit downside/upside exposure
Introduce additional transaction costs
May be difficult to unwind as intended
Application of Techniques
Sell cash-settled index call options
Primary source of return
Written at least monthly
Provides seller with an annual cash
flow
Primary return supplied by accepting
upfront cash payment in exchange for
uncertain future appreciation
Purchase cash-settled index put options
Acts to mitigate the impact of a significant
market decline in a short period of time
Puts purchased out-of-the-money
Purchase basket of stocks to provide
the potential for:
Broad diversification
Balance and stability
Enhanced dividend yield
There can be no assurance that any investment strategy will be successful.
Challenges – Transactional And Behavioral
Transactional issues
Options expire — may have to close position before desired
May need to “trade out” at inopportune time
Predisposition to “over” trade
Behavioral issues
Investors form precise expectations regarding less precise
outcomes — pay-off diagram fixation
Mistrust of derivatives — “losing” money in unfamiliar ways
Asymmetric outcomes — the “make a little, make a little, lose
a lot” sequence
Gateway Prescription For Low Stress Investing
Own diversified stocks
Sell calls
Use broad-based index options to minimize transaction costs
Cash settled
Large contract size
European settlement
At-the-money strikes to exclude directional bets and focus investor
expectations on earning cash flow
Buy puts to limit the downside
Dramatically reduces exposure to sudden, catastrophic events
Out-of-the-money strikes allow for positive cash from call premium
Out-of-the-money strikes to reduce the need to trade often
Preserves ability to continue generating call premium
Development Of Hedged Equity Strategy
At Gateway Investment Advisers, L.P.
Firm established in 1977 and developed covered call strategies
Strategy evolved to use of index options – both calls and puts –
in mid-1980s
Use of puts helpful in hedging downside risk during market
crash in October 1987
Implemented current strategy in January 1988
Managed approximately $6.4 billion as of 7/31/06
Gateway Fund
Sub-advised funds (6)
Private accounts
Strategic Advantage:
Implied Usually Exceeds Realized
Average implied and realized volatility for S&P 500 Index options from
June 1, 1988 to June 16, 2006.
Data Source: Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE) and Bloomberg L.P.
An Efficient Method For Exploiting
Overpricing Of Index Option Contracts
Delivers returns with low operating costs
Provides liquidity whenever needed
No practical capacity restraints
Always transparent
Index Definitions
The S&P 500 Index
is a widely recognized measure of performance for the U. S. stock market. The S&P
500 Index figures represent the prices of a capitalization-weighted index of 500 common stocks and
assume reinvestment of all dividends paid on the stocks
in the index.
The Lehman Brothers U. S. Intermediate Government/Credit
Bond Index is the intermediate
component of the Lehman Brothers U. S. Government/Credit Index and is a widely recognized index
which features a blend of U. S. Treasury,
government-sponsored (U. S. Agency and supranational),
mortgage and corporate securities limited to a maturity of no more than ten years.
The Lehman Brothers U. S. Long Government/Credit
Bond Index is the long component of the
Lehman Brothers U. S. Government/Credit Index and is a widely recognized index which features a blend
of U. S. Treasury,
government-sponsored (U. S. Agency and supranational), mortgage and corporate
securities limited to a maturity of more than ten years.
The Lehman Brothers U. S. Corporate High
Yield Index covers the universe of fixed-rate, non-
investment grade debt. Pay-in-kind (PIK) bonds, Eurobonds, and debt issues from countries designated
as emerging
markets (e.g., Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela, etc.) are excluded, but Canadian and global
bonds (SEC registered) of issuers in non-EMG countries are included. Original issue zeroes, step-up
coupon structures, and 144-As are also included.
The Citigroup One-Month Treasury Bill Index measures monthly return equivalents of yield
averages that are not marked to market. The Index consists of the last one-month issue. Returns for this
index are
calculated on a monthly basis only.
This ‘497AD’ Filing | Date | Other Filings | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Filed on: | 9/6/06 | |||
6/30/06 | N-CSRS, N-PX, NSAR-A | |||
6/16/06 | ||||
List all Filings |