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Allstate Life Insurance Co – ‘10-Q’ for 9/30/19

On:  Tuesday, 11/5/19, at 12:36pm ET   ·   For:  9/30/19   ·   Accession #:  352736-19-12   ·   File #:  0-31248

Previous ‘10-Q’:  ‘10-Q’ on 8/7/19 for 6/30/19   ·   Latest ‘10-Q’:  This Filing

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  As Of               Filer                 Filing    For·On·As Docs:Size

11/05/19  Allstate Life Insurance Co        10-Q        9/30/19   72:20M

Quarterly Report   —   Form 10-Q   —   Sect. 13 / 15(d) – SEA’34
Filing Table of Contents

Document/Exhibit                   Description                      Pages   Size 

 1: 10-Q        Quarterly Report                                    HTML   2.63M 
 2: EX-15       Letter re: Unaudited Interim Financial Info         HTML     27K 
 3: EX-31.I     Certification -- §302 - SOA'02                      HTML     34K 
 4: EX-32       Certification -- §906 - SOA'02                      HTML     23K 
26: R1          Document and Entity Information                     HTML     70K 
67: R2          Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations     HTML    102K 
                and Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)                             
43: R3          Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial      HTML    146K 
                Position (Unaudited)                                             
15: R4          Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial      HTML     45K 
                Position (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)                             
25: R5          Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholder's  HTML     49K 
                Equity (Unaudited)                                               
66: R6          Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows     HTML    120K 
                (Unaudited)                                                      
42: R7          General                                             HTML     69K 
14: R8          Supplemental Cash Flow Information                  HTML     41K 
27: R9          Investments                                         HTML    611K 
33: R10         Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities                HTML    894K 
22: R11         Derivative Financial Instruments                    HTML    538K 
45: R12         Reinsurance                                         HTML    102K 
68: R13         Guarantees and Contingent Liabilities               HTML     31K 
35: R14         Other Comprehensive Income                          HTML     84K 
23: R15         General (Tables)                                    HTML     54K 
46: R16         Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Tables)         HTML     39K 
69: R17         Investments (Tables)                                HTML    622K 
32: R18         Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities (Tables)       HTML    868K 
24: R19         Derivative Financial Instruments (Tables)           HTML    568K 
50: R20         Reinsurance (Tables)                                HTML    103K 
59: R21         Other Comprehensive Income (Tables)                 HTML     84K 
36: R22         General (Details)                                   HTML     63K 
10: R23         Supplemental Cash Flow Information - Narrative      HTML     24K 
                (Details)                                                        
51: R24         Supplemental Cash Flow Information - Net change     HTML     33K 
                (Details)                                                        
60: R25         Investments - Fair Values (Details)                 HTML     58K 
37: R26         Investments - Scheduled Maturities (Details)        HTML     57K 
11: R27         Investments - Net Investment Income (Details)       HTML     46K 
52: R28         Investments - Realized Capital Gains and Losses     HTML     39K 
                (Details)                                                        
58: R29         Investments - Realized Capital Gains and Losses by  HTML     33K 
                Transaction Type (Details)                                       
71: R30         Investments - Narrative (Details)                   HTML     57K 
49: R31         Investments - Valuation Changes Included in Net     HTML     29K 
                Income for Investments (Details)                                 
21: R32         Investments - Other-than-temporary impairment       HTML     57K 
                losses (Details)                                                 
31: R33         Investments - Other-than-temporary Losses Included  HTML     36K 
                in AOCI (Details)                                                
70: R34         Investments - Rollforward of Cumulative Credit      HTML     36K 
                Losses (Details)                                                 
48: R35         Investments - Unrealized Net Capital Gains and      HTML     62K 
                Losses (Details)                                                 
19: R36         Investments - Change in Unrealized Net Capital      HTML     43K 
                Gains and Losses (Details)                                       
30: R37         Investments - Portfolio Monitoring (Details)        HTML     92K 
72: R38         Investments - Gross Unrealized Losses by            HTML     41K 
                Unrealized Loss Position and Credit Quality                      
                (Details)                                                        
47: R39         Investments - Carrying Value of Non-impaired Fixed  HTML     56K 
                Rate and Variable Rate Mortgage Loans (Details)                  
62: R40         Investments - Other investments by type (Details)   HTML     32K 
55: R41         Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities - Narrative    HTML     51K 
                (Details)                                                        
13: R42         Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities - Assets and   HTML    170K 
                Liabilities Measured at Fair Value (Details)                     
39: R43         Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities - Level 3      HTML     36K 
                Fair Value Measurement (Details)                                 
61: R44         Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities - Level 3      HTML    152K 
                Assets and Liabilities (Details)                                 
54: R45         Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities - Gains and    HTML     47K 
                Losses included in Net Income for Level 3                        
                (Details)                                                        
12: R46         Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities - Carrying     HTML     50K 
                Values and Fair Value Estimates of Financial                     
                Instruments (Details)                                            
38: R47         Derivative Financial Instruments - Narrative        HTML     46K 
                (Details)                                                        
63: R48         Derivative Financial Instruments - Volume and Fair  HTML    136K 
                Value Positions of Derivative Instruments                        
                (Details)                                                        
53: R49         Derivative Financial Instruments - Gross and Net    HTML     69K 
                Amounts Derivatives (Details)                                    
40: R50         Derivative Financial Instruments - Foreign          HTML     28K 
                Currency Contracts in Cash Flow Hedging                          
                Relationships (Details)                                          
64: R51         Derivative Financial Instruments - Impacts on       HTML     80K 
                Operations and AOCI (Details)                                    
28: R52         Derivative Financial Instruments - Derivative       HTML     35K 
                Netting (Details)                                                
17: R53         Derivative Financial Instruments - Fair Value of    HTML     30K 
                Derivative Instruments (Details)                                 
41: R54         Derivative Financial Instruments - CDS Notional     HTML     44K 
                Amounts by Credit Rating (Details)                               
65: R55         Reinsurance - Effects of Reinsurance (Details)      HTML     62K 
29: R56         Reinsurance - Narrative (Details)                   HTML     27K 
18: R57         Other Comprehensive Income (Details)                HTML     61K 
44: R9999       Uncategorized Items - allstatelife-93019x10q.htm    HTML     24K 
20: XML         IDEA XML File -- Filing Summary                      XML    129K 
34: XML         XBRL Instance -- allstatelife-93019x10q_htm          XML   7.40M 
56: EXCEL       IDEA Workbook of Financial Reports                  XLSX     99K 
 6: EX-101.CAL  XBRL Calculations -- all-20190930_cal                XML    307K 
 7: EX-101.DEF  XBRL Definitions -- all-20190930_def                 XML    872K 
 8: EX-101.LAB  XBRL Labels -- all-20190930_lab                      XML   1.99M 
 9: EX-101.PRE  XBRL Presentations -- all-20190930_pre               XML   1.16M 
 5: EX-101.SCH  XBRL Schema -- all-20190930                          XSD    200K 
16: JSON        XBRL Instance as JSON Data -- MetaLinks              384±   610K 
57: ZIP         XBRL Zipped Folder -- 0000352736-19-000012-xbrl      Zip    399K 


‘10-Q’   —   Quarterly Report
Document Table of Contents

Page (sequential)   (alphabetic) Top
 
11st Page  –  Filing Submission
"Item 1
"Financial Statements
"Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
"Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
"Item 2
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
"Highlights
"Operations
"Investments
"Capital Resources and Liquidity
"Forward-Looking Statements
"Item 4
"Controls and Procedures
"Part Ii
"Other Information
"Legal Proceedings
"Item 1A
"Risk Factors
"Item 6
"Exhibits

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM  i 10-Q
 
The registrant meets the conditions set forth in General Instructions H (1)(a) and (b) of Form 10-Q and is therefore filing this form with the reduced disclosure format.
 
 i           QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended  i September 30, 2019
 
OR
 
 i            TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from                  to                 
 
Commission file number  i 0-31248
 
 i ALLSTATE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
 i Illinois
 
 i 36-2554642
 
 
(State or other jurisdiction of
 
(I.R.S. Employer
 
 
incorporation or organization)
 
Identification No.)
 
 
 i 3075 Sanders Road,  i Northbrook i Illinois  i 60062
(Address of principal executive offices)      (Zip Code)
 
( i 847)  i 402-5000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
 
 
 i Yes
No
 
 

 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
 
 
 i Yes
No
 
 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
Accelerated filer
 
 
 
 
 i Non-accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
 i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Emerging growth company
 i 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
 
Yes
 i 
No
 
 

 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

As of November 5, 2019, the registrant had  i 23,800 common shares, $227 par value, outstanding, all of which are held by Allstate Insurance Company.





ALLSTATE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
September 30, 2019
 
PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
PAGE
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the Three Month and Nine Month Periods Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)
 
 
 
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (unaudited)
 
 
 
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholder’s Equity for the Three Month and Nine Month Periods Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)
 
 
 
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Month Periods Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
ALLSTATE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (unaudited)
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Revenues
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Premiums
$
 i 165

 
$
 i 174

 
$
 i 506

 
$
 i 526

Contract charges
 i 168

 
 i 170

 
 i 514

 
 i 519

Other revenue
 i 11

 
 i 10

 
 i 32

 
 i 26

Net investment income
 i 373

 
 i 385

 
 i 1,101

 
 i 1,211

Realized capital gains and losses:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Total other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) losses
( i 10
)
 
( i 3
)
 
( i 23
)
 
( i 5
)
OTTI losses reclassified from other comprehensive income (“OCI”)
 i 2

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 3

 
( i 2
)
Net OTTI losses recognized in earnings
( i 8
)
 
( i 4
)
 
( i 20
)
 
( i 7
)
Sales and valuation changes on equity investments and derivatives
 i 33

 
 i 52

 
 i 239

 
 i 31

Total realized capital gains and losses
 i 25

 
 i 48

 
 i 219

 
 i 24

Total revenues
 i 742

 
 i 787

 
 i 2,372

 
 i 2,306

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Costs and expenses
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Contract benefits
 i 366

 
 i 362

 
 i 1,104

 
 i 1,089

Interest credited to contractholder funds
 i 154

 
 i 150

 
 i 445

 
 i 450

Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs
 i 71

 
 i 39

 
 i 136

 
 i 117

Operating costs and expenses
 i 51

 
 i 63

 
 i 186

 
 i 199

Restructuring and related charges
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 1

 
 i 2

Interest expense
 i 1

 
 i 1

 
 i 3

 
 i 3

Total costs and expenses
 i 644

 
 i 615

 
 i 1,875

 
 i 1,860

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain on disposition of operations
 i 

 
 i 1

 
 i 3

 
 i 4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from operations before income tax expense
 i 98

 
 i 173

 
 i 500

 
 i 450

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax expense (benefit)
 i 18

 
( i 20
)
 
 i 99

 
 i 33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 i 80

 
 i 193

 
 i 401

 
 i 417

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), after-tax
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Change in unrealized net capital gains and losses
 i 157

 
( i 44
)
 
 i 673

 
( i 280
)
Change in unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments
 i 1

 
( i 9
)
 
( i 4
)
 
 i 

Other comprehensive income (loss), after-tax
 i 158

 
( i 53
)
 
 i 669

 
( i 280
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Comprehensive income
$
 i 238

 
$
 i 140

 
$
 i 1,070

 
$
 i 137

 















See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

1


ALLSTATE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION (unaudited)
($ in millions, except par value data) 
 
Assets
 
 
 

Investments
 

 
 

Fixed income securities, at fair value (amortized cost $20,419 and $21,057)
$
 i 22,000

 
$
 i 21,400

Mortgage loans
 i 4,012

 
 i 3,995

Equity securities, at fair value (cost $923 and $1,197)
 i 1,217

 
 i 1,325

Limited partnership interests
 i 3,304

 
 i 3,292

Short-term, at fair value (amortized cost $1,475 and $810)
 i 1,475

 
 i 810

Policy loans
 i 555

 
 i 561

Other
 i 1,366

 
 i 1,300

Total investments
 i 33,929

 
 i 32,683

Cash
 i 50

 
 i 52

Deferred policy acquisition costs
 i 973

 
 i 1,232

Reinsurance recoverables from non-affiliates
 i 2,072

 
 i 2,185

Reinsurance recoverables from affiliates
 i 408

 
 i 420

Accrued investment income
 i 248

 
 i 253

Other assets
 i 586

 
 i 534

Separate Accounts
 i 2,912

 
 i 2,783

Total assets
$
 i 41,178

 
$
 i 40,142

Liabilities
 

 
 

Contractholder funds
$
 i 16,843

 
$
 i 17,470

Reserve for life-contingent contract benefits
 i 11,361

 
 i 11,239

Unearned premiums
 i 4

 
 i 4

Payable to affiliates, net
 i 34

 
 i 50

Other liabilities and accrued expenses
 i 1,297

 
 i 1,101

Deferred income taxes
 i 900

 
 i 663

Notes due to related parties
 i 140

 
 i 140

Separate Accounts
 i 2,912

 
 i 2,783

Total liabilities
 i 33,491

 
 i 33,450

Commitments and Contingent Liabilities (Note 7)
 i 

 
 i 

Shareholder’s equity
 

 
 

Redeemable preferred stock - series A, $100 par value, 1,500,000 shares authorized, none issued
 i 

 
 i 

Redeemable preferred stock - series B, $100 par value, 1,500,000 shares authorized, none issued
 i 

 
 i 

Common stock, $227 par value, 23,800 shares authorized and outstanding
 i 5

 
 i 5

Additional capital paid-in
 i 2,024

 
 i 2,024

Retained income
 i 4,736

 
 i 4,410

Accumulated other comprehensive income:
 

 
 

Unrealized net capital gains and losses:
 

 
 

Unrealized net capital gains and losses on fixed income securities with OTTI
 i 50

 
 i 45

Other unrealized net capital gains and losses
 i 1,198

 
 i 225

Unrealized adjustment to DAC, DSI and insurance reserves
( i 332
)
 
( i 27
)
Total unrealized net capital gains and losses
 i 916

 
 i 243

Unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments
 i 6

 
 i 10

Total accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”)
 i 922

 
 i 253

Total shareholder’s equity
 i 7,687

 
 i 6,692

Total liabilities and shareholder’s equity
$
 i 41,178

 
$
 i 40,142

 






See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

2


ALLSTATE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDER’S EQUITY (unaudited)
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock
$
 i 5

 
$
 i 5

 
$
 i 5

 
$
 i 5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additional capital paid-in
 i 2,024

 
 i 2,024

 
 i 2,024

 
 i 2,024

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retained income
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Balance, beginning of period
 i 4,656

 
 i 4,519

 
 i 4,410

 
 i 3,981

Net income
 i 80

 
 i 193

 
 i 401

 
 i 417

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 314

Dividends
 i 

 
( i 100
)
 
( i 75
)
 
( i 100
)
Balance, end of period
 i 4,736

 
 i 4,612

 
 i 4,736

 
 i 4,612

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Balance, beginning of period
 i 764

 
 i 380

 
 i 253

 
 i 845

Change in unrealized net capital gains and losses
 i 157

 
( i 44
)
 
 i 673

 
( i 280
)
Change in unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments
 i 1

 
( i 9
)
 
( i 4
)
 
 i 

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 238
)
Balance, end of period
 i 922

 
 i 327

 
 i 922

 
 i 327

 
 
 

 
 
 
 
Total shareholder’s equity
$
 i 7,687

 
$
 i 6,968

 
$
 i 7,687

 
$
 i 6,968

 






































See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

3


ALLSTATE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)

($ in millions)
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Cash flows from operating activities
 
Net income
$
 i 401

 
$
 i 417

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 

 
 

Amortization and other non-cash items
( i 49
)
 
( i 44
)
Realized capital gains and losses
( i 219
)
 
( i 24
)
Gain on disposition of operations
( i 3
)
 
( i 4
)
Interest credited to contractholder funds
 i 445

 
 i 450

Changes in:
 

 
 

Policy benefits and other insurance reserves
( i 495
)
 
( i 472
)
Deferred policy acquisition costs
 i 94

 
 i 55

Reinsurance recoverables, net
 i 77

 
 i 51

Income taxes
( i 16
)
 
( i 51
)
Other operating assets and liabilities
 i 20

 
 i 69

Net cash provided by operating activities
 i 255

 
 i 447

Cash flows from investing activities
 

 
 

Proceeds from sales
 

 
 

Fixed income securities
 i 3,021

 
 i 4,057

Equity securities
 i 853

 
 i 1,114

Limited partnership interests
 i 258

 
 i 223

Other investments
 i 55

 
 i 16

Investment collections
 

 
 

Fixed income securities
 i 964

 
 i 1,077

Mortgage loans
 i 364

 
 i 349

Other investments
 i 58

 
 i 137

Investment purchases
 

 
 

Fixed income securities
( i 3,284
)
 
( i 4,470
)
Equity securities
( i 540
)
 
( i 919
)
Limited partnership interests
( i 298
)
 
( i 426
)
Mortgage loans
( i 381
)
 
( i 395
)
Other investments
( i 96
)
 
( i 201
)
Change in short-term investments, net
( i 467
)
 
( i 124
)
Change in policy loans and other investments, net
( i 23
)
 
( i 46
)
Net cash provided by investing activities
 i 484

 
 i 392

Cash flows from financing activities
 

 
 

Contractholder fund deposits
 i 565

 
 i 577

Contractholder fund withdrawals
( i 1,231
)
 
( i 1,418
)
Dividends paid
( i 75
)
 
( i 100
)
Other
 i 

 
 i 28

Net cash used in financing activities
( i 741
)
 
( i 913
)
Net decrease in cash
( i 2
)
 
( i 74
)
Cash at beginning of period
 i 52

 
 i 145

Cash at end of period
$
 i 50

 
$
 i 71

 








See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4



ALLSTATE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1.  i General
Basis of presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Allstate Life Insurance Company (“ALIC”) and its wholly owned subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Company”). ALIC is wholly owned by Allstate Insurance Company (“AIC”), which is wholly owned by Allstate Insurance Holdings, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of The Allstate Corporation (the “Corporation”). These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).
The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes as of September 30, 2019 and for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 are unaudited. The condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods. These condensed consolidated financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. The results of operations for the interim periods should not be considered indicative of results to be expected for the full year. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Dividends
The Company paid cash dividends of $ i 75 million to AIC in the second quarter of 2019.
Premiums and contract charges
 i 
The following table summarizes premiums and contract charges by product.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Premiums
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Traditional life insurance
$
 i 135

 
$
 i 143

 
$
 i 416

 
$
 i 435

Accident and health insurance
 i 30

 
 i 31

 
 i 90

 
 i 91

Total premiums
 i 165

 
 i 174

 
 i 506

 
 i 526

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contract charges
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest-sensitive life insurance
 i 165

 
 i 165

 
 i 505

 
 i 508

Fixed annuities
 i 3

 
 i 5

 
 i 9

 
 i 11

Total contract charges
 i 168

 
 i 170

 
 i 514

 
 i 519

Total premiums and contract charges
$
 i 333

 
$
 i 344

 
$
 i 1,020

 
$
 i 1,045


 / 
Adopted accounting standard
Accounting for Hedging Activities
Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted new Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) guidance intended to better align hedge accounting with an organization’s risk management activities. The new guidance expands hedge accounting to nonfinancial and financial risk components and revises the measurement methodologies. Separate presentation of hedge ineffectiveness is eliminated with the intention to provide greater transparency to the full impact of hedging by requiring presentation of the results of the hedged item and hedging instrument in a single financial statement line item. In addition, the amendments were designed to reduce complexity by simplifying hedge effectiveness testing. The adoption had no impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.
Pending accounting standards
Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance which revises the credit loss recognition criteria for certain financial assets measured at amortized cost, including reinsurance recoverables. The new guidance replaces the existing incurred loss recognition model with an expected loss recognition model. The objective of the expected credit loss model is for a reporting entity to recognize its estimate of expected credit losses for affected financial assets in a valuation allowance that when deducted from the amortized cost basis of the related financial assets results in a net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected. The reporting entity must consider all relevant information available when estimating expected credit losses, including details about past events, current

5



conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts over the life of an asset. Financial assets may be evaluated individually or on a pooled basis when they share similar risk characteristics. The measurement of credit losses for available-for-sale debt securities measured at fair value is not affected except that credit losses recognized are limited to the amount by which fair value is below amortized cost and the carrying value adjustment is recognized through a valuation allowance which may change over time but once recorded cannot subsequently be reduced to an amount below zero. The guidance is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and for most affected instruments must be adopted using a modified retrospective approach, with a cumulative effect adjustment recorded to beginning retained income.
The Company’s implementation activities, which remain in process, include review and validation of models, methodologies, data inputs and assumptions to be used to estimate expected credit losses. The implementation impacts relate primarily to the Company’s commercial mortgage loans, bank loans and reinsurance recoverables and will depend on economic conditions and judgments at the date of adoption as well as the size and composition of the loan portfolios and reinsurance balances. Based on current economic conditions and the balances at the reporting date, the Company anticipates application of the current expected credit loss requirements will result in total valuation allowances for credit losses of between $ i 70 million and $ i 110 million, pre-tax, as of the date of adoption. After consideration of existing valuation allowances maintained prior to adopting the new guidance, the Company would anticipate recognizing a cumulative effect decrease in retained income of between $ i 45 million and $ i 75 million, after-tax, to adjust existing valuation allowances to the basis in the new requirements.
Accounting for Long-Duration Insurance Contracts
In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance revising the accounting for certain long-duration insurance contracts. The new guidance introduces material changes to the measurement of the Company’s reserves for traditional life, life-contingent immediate annuities and certain voluntary accident and health insurance products. Under the new guidance, measurement assumptions, including those for mortality, morbidity and policy terminations, will be required to be reviewed and updated at least annually. The effect of updating measurement assumptions other than the discount rate are required to be measured on a retrospective basis and reported in net income. In addition, reserves under the new guidance are required to be discounted using an upper-medium grade fixed income instrument yield required to be updated through OCI at each reporting date. Current GAAP requires reserves to utilize assumptions set at policy issuance unless updated current assumptions indicate that recorded reserves are deficient.
The new guidance also requires deferred policy acquisition costs (“DAC”) and other capitalized balances currently amortized in proportion to premiums or gross profits to be amortized on a constant level basis over the expected term for all long-duration insurance contracts. DAC will not be subject to loss recognition testing but will be reduced when actual lapse experience exceeds expected experience. The new guidance will no longer require adjustments to DAC and deferred sales inducement costs (“DSI”) related to unrealized gains and losses on investment securities supporting the related business.
All market risk benefit product features will be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in net income with the exception of changes in the fair value attributable to changes in the reporting entity’s own credit risk, which are required to be recognized in OCI. Substantially all of the Company’s market risk benefits are reinsured and therefore these impacts are not expected to be material to the Company.
The new guidance is expected to be included in the comparable financial statements issued in reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021, thereby requiring restatement of prior periods presented. Early adoption is permitted. The new guidance will be applied to affected contracts and DAC on the basis of existing carrying amounts at the earliest period presented or retrospectively using actual historical experience as of contract inception. The new guidance for market risk benefits is required to be adopted retrospectively. In October 2019, the FASB affirmed its decision to delay the effective date of the new guidance by one year to reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021.
The Company is evaluating the anticipated impacts of applying the new guidance to both retained income and AOCI. The requirements of the new guidance represent a material change from existing GAAP, however, the underlying economics of the business and related cash flows are unchanged. The Company is evaluating the specific impacts of adopting the new guidance and anticipates the financial statement impact of adopting the new guidance to be material, largely attributed to the impact of transitioning to a discount rate based on an upper-medium grade fixed income investment yield and updates to mortality assumptions. The Company expects the most significant impacts will occur in the run-off annuity business. The revised accounting for DAC will be applied prospectively using the new model and any DAC effects existing in AOCI as a result of applying existing GAAP at the date of adoption will be reversed.



6



2.  i Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Non-cash investing activities include $ i 64 million and $ i 38 million related to mergers and exchanges completed with equity securities, fixed income securities and limited partnerships, and modifications of certain mortgage loans and other investments for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Liabilities for collateral received in conjunction with the Company’s securities lending program and over-the-counter (“OTC”) and cleared derivatives are reported in other liabilities and accrued expenses or other investments.  i The accompanying cash flows are included in cash flows from operating activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows along with the activities resulting from management of the proceeds, which are as follows:
($ in millions)
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Net change in proceeds managed
 

 
 

Net change in fixed income securities
$
 i 28

 
$
 i 78

Net change in short-term investments
( i 194
)
 
( i 72
)
Operating cash flow (used) provided
$
( i 166
)
 
$
 i 6

 
 
 
 
Net change in liabilities
 

 
 

Liabilities for collateral, beginning of period
$
( i 525
)
 
$
( i 542
)
Liabilities for collateral, end of period
( i 691
)
 
( i 536
)
Operating cash flow provided (used)
$
 i 166

 
$
( i 6
)

3.  i Investments
Fair values
 i 
The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value for fixed income securities are as follows:
($ in millions)
Amortized
 
Gross unrealized
 
Fair
 
cost
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
value
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. government and agencies
$
 i 555

 
$
 i 40

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 595

Municipal
 i 1,592

 
 i 324

 
( i 3
)
 
 i 1,913

Corporate
 i 17,644

 
 i 1,193

 
( i 38
)
 
 i 18,799

Foreign government
 i 155

 
 i 8

 
 i 

 
 i 163

Asset-backed securities (“ABS”)
 i 315

 
 i 4

 
( i 2
)
 
 i 317

Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”)
 i 123

 
 i 49

 
 i 

 
 i 172

Commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”)
 i 22

 
 i 6

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 27

Redeemable preferred stock
 i 13

 
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 14

Total fixed income securities
$
 i 20,419

 
$
 i 1,625

 
$
( i 44
)
 
$
 i 22,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. government and agencies
$
 i 740

 
$
 i 33

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 773

Municipal
 i 1,997

 
 i 202

 
( i 4
)
 
 i 2,195

Corporate
 i 17,521

 
 i 433

 
( i 381
)
 
 i 17,573

Foreign government
 i 170

 
 i 9

 
 i 

 
 i 179

ABS
 i 429

 
 i 3

 
( i 3
)
 
 i 429

RMBS
 i 154

 
 i 44

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 197

CMBS
 i 33

 
 i 7

 
 i 

 
 i 40

Redeemable preferred stock
 i 13

 
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 14

Total fixed income securities
$
 i 21,057

 
$
 i 732

 
$
( i 389
)
 
$
 i 21,400


 / 

7



Scheduled maturities
 i 
The scheduled maturities for fixed income securities are as follows:
($ in millions)
Amortized cost
 
Fair value
Due in one year or less
$
 i 1,410

 
$
 i 1,426

Due after one year through five years
 i 7,675

 
 i 7,982

Due after five years through ten years
 i 7,354

 
 i 7,845

Due after ten years
 i 3,520

 
 i 4,231

 
 i 19,959

 
 i 21,484

ABS, RMBS and CMBS
 i 460

 
 i 516

Total
$
 i 20,419

 
$
 i 22,000


 / 
Actual maturities may differ from those scheduled as a result of calls and make-whole payments by the issuers. ABS, RMBS and CMBS are shown separately because of the potential for prepayment of principal prior to contractual maturity dates.
Net investment income
 i 
Net investment income is as follows:
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Fixed income securities
$
 i 235

 
$
 i 247

 
$
 i 721

 
$
 i 745

Mortgage loans
 i 48

 
 i 44

 
 i 140

 
 i 141

Equity securities
 i 6

 
 i 7

 
 i 26

 
 i 30

Limited partnership interests
 i 69

 
 i 74

 
 i 174

 
 i 262

Short-term investments
 i 8

 
 i 7

 
 i 24

 
 i 16

Policy loans
 i 9

 
 i 8

 
 i 25

 
 i 23

Other
 i 24

 
 i 23

 
 i 70

 
 i 68

Investment income, before expense
 i 399

 
 i 410

 
 i 1,180

 
 i 1,285

Investment expense
( i 26
)
 
( i 25
)
 
( i 79
)
 
( i 74
)
Net investment income
$
 i 373

 
$
 i 385

 
$
 i 1,101

 
$
 i 1,211


 / 
Realized capital gains and losses
 i 
Realized capital gains (losses) by asset type are as follows:
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Fixed income securities
$
 i 19

 
$
( i 8
)
 
$
 i 17

 
$
( i 26
)
Mortgage loans
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 2

Equity securities
 i 7

 
 i 56

 
 i 192

 
 i 50

Limited partnership interests
( i 2
)
 
( i 4
)
 
 i 8

 
( i 12
)
Derivatives
 i 8

 
 i 4

 
 i 16

 
 i 11

Other
( i 7
)
 
 i 

 
( i 14
)
 
( i 1
)
Realized capital gains (losses)
$
 i 25

 
$
 i 48

 
$
 i 219

 
$
 i 24


 / 

8



 i 
Realized capital gains (losses) by transaction type are as follows:
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Impairment write-downs
$
( i 8
)
 
$
( i 4
)
 
$
( i 20
)
 
$
( i 7
)
Sales
 i 20

 
( i 2
)
 
 i 20

 
( i 14
)
Valuation of equity investments (1)

 i 5

 
 i 50

 
 i 203

 
 i 37

Valuation and settlements of derivative instruments
 i 8

 
 i 4

 
 i 16

 
 i 8

Realized capital gains (losses)
$
 i 25

 
$
 i 48

 
$
 i 219

 
$
 i 24

_______________
 
 / 
(1) 
Includes valuation of equity securities and certain limited partnership interests where the underlying assets are predominately public equity securities.
Sales of fixed income securities resulted in gross gains of $ i 24 million and $ i 5 million and gross losses of $ i 4 million and $ i 9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Sales of fixed income securities resulted in gross gains of $ i 50 million and $ i 25 million and gross losses of $ i 29 million and $ i 45 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
 i 
The following table presents the net pre-tax appreciation (decline) during 2019 and 2018 of equity securities and limited partnership interests carried at fair value still held as of September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018 recognized in net income.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Equity securities
$
 i 16

 
$
 i 51

 
$
 i 155

 
$
 i 71

Limited partnership interests carried at fair value
 i 21

 
 i 35

 
 i 41

 
 i 84

Total
$
 i 37

 
$
 i 86

 
$
 i 196

 
$
 i 155



 / 
 i 
OTTI losses by asset type are as follows:
 
Three months ended
 
Three months ended
($ in millions)
 
 
Gross
 
Included
in OCI
 
Net
 
Gross
 
Included
in OCI
 
Net
Fixed income securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Municipal
$
( i 2
)
 
$
 i 2

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

Corporate
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

ABS
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
( i 1
)
RMBS
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

CMBS
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
( i 3
)
 
 i 

 
( i 3
)
Total fixed income securities
( i 3
)
 
 i 2

 
( i 1
)
 
( i 3
)
 
( i 1
)
 
( i 4
)
Limited partnership interests
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Other
( i 7
)
 
 i 

 
( i 7
)
 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

OTTI losses
$
( i 10
)
 
$
 i 2

 
$
( i 8
)
 
$
( i 3
)
 
$
( i 1
)
 
$
( i 4
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine months ended
 
Nine months ended
 
 
 
Gross
 
Included
in OCI
 
Net
 
Gross
 
Included
in OCI
 
Net
Fixed income securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Municipal
$
( i 2
)
 
$
 i 2

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

Corporate
( i 1
)
 
( i 1
)
 
( i 2
)
 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

ABS
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
( i 1
)
RMBS
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
CMBS
( i 3
)
 
 i 2

 
( i 1
)
 
( i 3
)
 
( i 1
)
 
( i 4
)
Total fixed income securities
( i 7
)
 
 i 3

 
( i 4
)
 
( i 4
)
 
( i 2
)
 
( i 6
)
Limited partnership interests
( i 2
)
 
 i 

 
( i 2
)
 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Other
( i 14
)
 
 i 

 
( i 14
)
 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
OTTI losses
$
( i 23
)
 
$
 i 3

 
$
( i 20
)
 
$
( i 5
)
 
$
( i 2
)
 
$
( i 7
)
 

 / 

9



 i 
The total amount of OTTI losses included in AOCI at the time of impairment for fixed income securities, which were not included in earnings, are presented in the following table. The amounts exclude $ i 105 million and $ i 101 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, of net unrealized gains related to changes in valuation of the fixed income securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date.
($ in millions)
 
Municipal
$
( i 6
)
 
$
( i 4
)
Corporate
 i 

 
( i 1
)
ABS
( i 4
)
 
( i 5
)
RMBS
( i 28
)
 
( i 32
)
CMBS
( i 4
)
 
( i 2
)
Total
$
( i 42
)
 
$
( i 44
)

 / 
 i 
Rollforwards of cumulative credit losses recognized in earnings for fixed income securities held as of the end of the period are as follows:
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Beginning balance
$
( i 122
)
 
$
( i 124
)
 
$
( i 123
)
 
$
( i 138
)
Additional credit loss for securities previously other-than-temporarily impaired
( i 1
)
 
( i 3
)
 
( i 3
)
 
( i 5
)
Additional credit loss for securities not previously other-than-temporarily impaired
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
( i 1
)
 
( i 1
)
Reduction in credit loss for securities disposed or collected
 i 12

 
 i 2

 
 i 16

 
 i 18

Change in credit loss due to accretion of increase in cash flows
 i 

 
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 1

Ending balance
$
( i 111
)
 
$
( i 125
)
 
$
( i 111
)
 
$
( i 125
)

 / 
The Company uses its best estimate of future cash flows expected to be collected from the fixed income security, discounted at the security’s original or current effective rate, as appropriate, to calculate a recovery value and determine whether a credit loss exists. The determination of cash flow estimates is inherently subjective and methodologies may vary depending on facts and circumstances specific to the security. All reasonably available information relevant to the collectability of the security, including past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable assumptions and forecasts, are considered when developing the estimate of cash flows expected to be collected. That information generally includes, but is not limited to, the remaining payment terms of the security, prepayment speeds, foreign exchange rates, the financial condition and future earnings potential of the issue or issuer, expected defaults, expected recoveries, the value of underlying collateral, vintage, geographic concentration of underlying collateral, available reserves or escrows, current subordination levels, third-party guarantees and other credit enhancements. Other information, such as industry analyst reports and forecasts, sector credit ratings, financial condition of the bond insurer for insured fixed income securities, and other market data relevant to the realizability of contractual cash flows, may also be considered. The estimated fair value of collateral will be used to estimate recovery value if the Company determines that the security is dependent on the liquidation of collateral for ultimate settlement. If the estimated recovery value is less than the amortized cost of the security, a credit loss exists and an OTTI for the difference between the estimated recovery value and amortized cost is recorded in earnings. The portion of the unrealized loss related to factors other than credit remains classified in AOCI. If the Company determines that the fixed income security does not have sufficient cash flow or other information to estimate a recovery value for the security, the Company may conclude that the entire decline in fair value is deemed to be credit related and the loss is recorded in earnings.

10



Unrealized net capital gains and losses
 i 
Unrealized net capital gains and losses included in AOCI are as follows:
($ in millions)
Fair value
 
Gross unrealized
 
Unrealized net gains (losses)
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
Fixed income securities
$
 i 22,000

 
$
 i 1,625

 
$
( i 44
)
 
$
 i 1,581

Short-term investments
 i 1,475

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Equity method of accounting (“EMA”) limited partnerships (1)
 

 
 

 
 

 
( i 1
)
Unrealized net capital gains and losses, pre-tax
 

 
 

 
 

 
 i 1,580

Amounts recognized for:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Insurance reserves (2)
 

 
 

 
 

 
( i 202
)
DAC and DSI (3)
 

 
 

 
 

 
( i 218
)
Amounts recognized
 

 
 

 
 

 
( i 420
)
Deferred income taxes
 

 
 

 
 

 
( i 244
)
Unrealized net capital gains and losses, after-tax
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
 i 916

_______________
(1) 
Unrealized net capital gains and losses for limited partnership interests represent the Company’s share of EMA limited partnerships’ OCI. Fair value and gross unrealized gains and losses are not applicable.
(2) 
The insurance reserves adjustment represents the amount by which the reserve balance would increase if the net unrealized gains in the applicable product portfolios were realized and reinvested at lower interest rates, resulting in a premium deficiency. This adjustment primarily relates to structured settlement annuities with life contingencies (a type of immediate fixed annuities).
(3) 
The DAC and DSI adjustment balance represents the amount by which the amortization of DAC and DSI would increase or decrease if the unrealized gains or losses in the respective product portfolios were realized.
($ in millions)
Fair value
 
Gross unrealized
 
Unrealized net gains (losses)
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
Fixed income securities
$
 i 21,400

 
$
 i 732

 
$
( i 389
)
 
$
 i 343

Short-term investments
 i 810

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

EMA limited partnerships
 

 
 

 
 

 
 i 

Unrealized net capital gains and losses, pre-tax
 

 
 

 
 

 
 i 343

Amounts recognized for:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Insurance reserves
 

 
 

 
 

 
 i 

DAC and DSI
 

 
 

 
 

 
( i 35
)
Amounts recognized
 

 
 

 
 

 
( i 35
)
Deferred income taxes
 

 
 

 
 

 
( i 65
)
Unrealized net capital gains and losses, after-tax
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
 i 243


 / 
Change in unrealized net capital gains and losses
 i 
The change in unrealized net capital gains and losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is as follows:
($ in millions)
 

Fixed income securities
$
 i 1,238

EMA limited partnerships
( i 1
)
Total
 i 1,237

Amounts recognized for:
 

Insurance reserves
( i 202
)
DAC and DSI
( i 183
)
Amounts recognized
( i 385
)
Deferred income taxes
( i 179
)
Increase in unrealized net capital gains and losses, after-tax
$
 i 673


 / 
Portfolio monitoring
The Company has a comprehensive portfolio monitoring process to identify and evaluate each fixed income security whose carrying value may be other-than-temporarily impaired.
For each fixed income security in an unrealized loss position, the Company assesses whether management with the appropriate authority has made the decision to sell or whether it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of the amortized cost basis for reasons such as liquidity, contractual or regulatory purposes. If a security meets either of these criteria, the security’s decline in fair value is considered other than temporary and is recorded in earnings.

11



If the Company has not made the decision to sell the fixed income security and it is not more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the fixed income security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the Company evaluates whether it expects to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. The Company calculates the estimated recovery value by discounting the best estimate of future cash flows at the security’s original or current effective rate, as appropriate, and compares this to the amortized cost of the security. If the Company does not expect to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the fixed income security, the credit loss component of the impairment is recorded in earnings, with the remaining amount of the unrealized loss related to other factors recognized in OCI.
The Company’s portfolio monitoring process includes a quarterly review of all securities to identify instances where the fair value of a security compared to its amortized cost is below established thresholds. The process also includes the monitoring of other impairment indicators such as ratings, ratings downgrades and payment defaults. The securities identified, in addition to other securities for which the Company may have a concern, are evaluated for potential OTTI using all reasonably available information relevant to the collectability or recovery of the security. Inherent in the Company’s evaluation of OTTI for these securities are assumptions and estimates about the financial condition and future earnings potential of the issue or issuer. Some of the factors that may be considered in evaluating whether a decline in fair value is other than temporary are: 1) the financial condition, near-term and long-term prospects of the issue or issuer, including relevant industry specific market conditions and trends, geographic location and implications of rating agency actions and offering prices; 2) the specific reasons that a security is in an unrealized loss position, including overall market conditions which could affect liquidity; and 3) the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than amortized cost.
 i 
The following table summarizes the gross unrealized losses and fair value of securities by the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position.
 
($ in millions)
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or more
 
Total
unrealized
losses
 
 
Number
of issues
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
Number
of issues
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Fixed income securities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
U.S. government and agencies
 i 2

 
$
 i 16

 
$
 i 

 
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
Municipal
 i 2

 
 i 2

 
 i 

 
 i 1

 
 i 14

 
( i 3
)
 
( i 3
)
 
Corporate
 i 123

 
 i 413

 
( i 9
)
 
 i 59

 
 i 343

 
( i 29
)
 
( i 38
)
 
ABS
 i 18

 
 i 38

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 4

 
 i 13

 
( i 1
)
 
( i 2
)
 
RMBS
 i 6

 
 i 2

 
 i 

 
 i 25

 
 i 4

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
CMBS
 i 1

 
 i 5

 
 i 

 
 i 1

 
 i 2

 
( i 1
)
 
( i 1
)
 
Redeemable preferred stock
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Total fixed income securities
 i 152

 
$
 i 476

 
$
( i 10
)
 
 i 90

 
$
 i 376

 
$
( i 34
)
 
$
( i 44
)
 
Investment grade fixed income securities
 i 82

 
$
 i 325

 
$
( i 3
)
 
 i 52

 
$
 i 212

 
$
( i 18
)
 
$
( i 21
)
 
Below investment grade fixed income securities
 i 70

 
 i 151

 
( i 7
)
 
 i 38

 
 i 164

 
( i 16
)
 
( i 23
)
 
Total fixed income securities
 i 152

 
$
 i 476

 
$
( i 10
)
 
 i 90

 
$
 i 376

 
$
( i 34
)
 
$
( i 44
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Fixed income securities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
U.S. government and agencies
 i 2

 
$
 i 6

 
$
 i 

 
 i 1

 
$
 i 1

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
Municipal
 i 38

 
 i 98

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 5

 
 i 26

 
( i 3
)
 
( i 4
)
 
Corporate
 i 1,260

 
 i 6,799

 
( i 218
)
 
 i 370

 
 i 2,633

 
( i 163
)
 
( i 381
)
 
ABS
 i 30

 
 i 167

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 11

 
 i 31

 
( i 2
)
 
( i 3
)
 
RMBS
 i 124

 
 i 11

 
 i 

 
 i 47

 
 i 10

 
( i 1
)
 
( i 1
)
 
CMBS
 i 3

 
 i 7

 
 i 

 
 i 2

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Redeemable preferred stock
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Total fixed income securities
 i 1,458

 
$
 i 7,088

 
$
( i 220
)
 
 i 436

 
$
 i 2,701

 
$
( i 169
)
 
$
( i 389
)
 
Investment grade fixed income securities
 i 948

 
$
 i 5,255

 
$
( i 121
)
 
 i 388

 
$
 i 2,551

 
$
( i 147
)
 
$
( i 268
)
 
Below investment grade fixed income securities
 i 510

 
 i 1,833

 
( i 99
)
 
 i 48

 
 i 150

 
( i 22
)
 
( i 121
)
 
Total fixed income securities
 i 1,458

 
$
 i 7,088

 
$
( i 220
)
 
 i 436

 
$
 i 2,701

 
$
( i 169
)
 
$
( i 389
)

 / 

12



 i 
The following table summarizes gross unrealized losses by unrealized loss position and credit quality as of September 30, 2019.
($ in millions)
Investment
grade
 
Below investment grade
 
Total
Fixed income securities with unrealized loss position less than 20% of amortized cost (1) (2)
$
( i 8
)
 
$
( i 20
)
 
$
( i 28
)
Fixed income securities with unrealized loss position greater than or equal to 20% of amortized cost (3) (4)
( i 13
)
 
( i 3
)
 
( i 16
)
Total unrealized losses
$
( i 21
)
 
$
( i 23
)
 
$
( i 44
)
_______________
(1) 
Below investment grade fixed income securities include $ i 7 million that have been in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months.
(2) 
Related to securities with an unrealized loss position less than 20% of amortized cost, the degree of which suggests that these securities do not pose a high risk of being other-than-temporarily impaired.
(3) 
Below investment grade fixed income securities include  i zero that have been in an unrealized loss position for a period of twelve or more consecutive months.
 / 
(4) 
Evaluated based on factors such as discounted cash flows and the financial condition and near-term and long-term prospects of the issue or issuer and were determined to have adequate resources to fulfill contractual obligations.
Investment grade is defined as a security having a rating of Aaa, Aa, A or Baa from Moody’s, a rating of AAA, AA, A or BBB from S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”), a comparable rating from another nationally recognized rating agency, or a comparable internal rating if an externally provided rating is not available. Market prices for certain securities may have credit spreads which imply higher or lower credit quality than the current third-party rating. Unrealized losses on investment grade securities are principally related to an increase in market yields which may include increased risk-free interest rates and/or wider credit spreads since the time of initial purchase. The unrealized losses are expected to reverse as the securities approach maturity.
ABS, RMBS and CMBS in an unrealized loss position were evaluated based on actual and projected collateral losses relative to the securities’ positions in the respective securitization trusts, security specific expectations of cash flows, and credit ratings. This evaluation also takes into consideration credit enhancement, measured in terms of (i) subordination from other classes of securities in the trust that are contractually obligated to absorb losses before the class of security the Company owns, and (ii) the expected impact of other structural features embedded in the securitization trust beneficial to the class of securities the Company owns, such as overcollateralization and excess spread. Municipal bonds in an unrealized loss position were evaluated based on the underlying credit quality of the primary obligor, obligation type and quality of the underlying assets.
As of September 30, 2019, the Company has not made the decision to sell and it is not more likely than not the Company will be required to sell fixed income securities with unrealized losses before recovery of the amortized cost basis.
Limited partnerships
Investments in limited partnership interests include interests in private equity funds, real estate funds and other funds. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the carrying value of EMA limited partnerships totaled $ i 2.54 billion and $ i 2.51 billion, respectively, and limited partnerships carried at fair value totaled $ i 762 million and $ i 787 million, respectively.
Mortgage loans
Mortgage loans are evaluated for impairment on a specific loan basis through a quarterly credit monitoring process and review of key credit quality indicators. Mortgage loans are considered impaired when it is probable that the Company will not collect the contractual principal and interest. Valuation allowances are established for impaired loans to reduce the carrying value to the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell or the present value of the loan’s expected future repayment cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate. Impaired mortgage loans may not have a valuation allowance when the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell is higher than the carrying value. Valuation allowances are adjusted for subsequent changes in the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell or present value of the loan’s expected future repayment cash flows. Mortgage loans are charged off against their corresponding valuation allowances when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery. The impairment evaluation is non-statistical in respect to the aggregate portfolio but considers facts and circumstances attributable to each loan. It is not considered probable that additional impairment losses, beyond those identified on a specific loan basis, have been incurred as of September 30, 2019.
Accrual of income is suspended for mortgage loans that are in default or when full and timely collection of principal and interest payments is not probable. Cash receipts on mortgage loans on non-accrual status are generally recorded as a reduction of carrying value.
Debt service coverage ratio is considered a key credit quality indicator when mortgage loans are evaluated for impairment. Debt service coverage ratio represents the amount of estimated cash flows from the property available to the borrower to meet

13



principal and interest payment obligations. Debt service coverage ratio estimates are updated annually or more frequently if conditions are warranted based on the Company’s credit monitoring process.
 i 
The following table reflects the carrying value of non-impaired mortgage loans summarized by debt service coverage ratio distribution.
($ in millions)
 
 
Debt service coverage ratio distribution
 
Fixed rate
mortgage
loans
 
Variable rate
mortgage
loans
 
Total
 
Fixed rate
mortgage
loans
 
Variable rate
mortgage
loans
 
Total
Below 1.0
 
$
 i 11

 
$
 i 16

 
$
 i 27

 
$
 i 6

 
$
 i 15

 
$
 i 21

1.0 - 1.25
 
 i 221

 
 i 

 
 i 221

 
 i 221

 
 i 

 
 i 221

1.26 - 1.50
 
 i 1,203

 
 i 9

 
 i 1,212

 
 i 1,048

 
 i 

 
 i 1,048

Above 1.50
 
 i 2,502

 
 i 44

 
 i 2,546

 
 i 2,659

 
 i 42

 
 i 2,701

Total non-impaired mortgage loans
 
$
 i 3,937

 
$
 i 69

 
$
 i 4,006

 
$
 i 3,934

 
$
 i 57

 
$
 i 3,991


 / 
Mortgage loans with a debt service coverage ratio below 1.0 that are not considered impaired primarily relate to instances where the borrower has the financial capacity to fund the revenue shortfalls from the properties for the foreseeable term, the decrease in cash flows from the properties is considered temporary, or there are other risk mitigating circumstances such as additional collateral, escrow balances or borrower guarantees.
 i 
The net carrying value of impaired mortgage loans is as follows:
($ in millions)
 
Impaired mortgage loans with a valuation allowance
$
 i 6

 
$
 i 4

Impaired mortgage loans without a valuation allowance
 i 

 
 i 

Total impaired mortgage loans
$
 i 6

 
$
 i 4

Valuation allowance on impaired mortgage loans
$
 i 3

 
$
 i 3


 / 
The valuation allowance on impaired mortgage loans had  i no activity for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The average balance of impaired loans was $ i 4 million for both the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.
Payments on all mortgage loans were current as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
Short-term investments
Short-term investments, including commercial paper, money market funds, U.S. Treasury bills and other short-term investments, are carried at fair value. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the fair value of short-term investments totaled $ i 1.48 billion and $ i 810 million, respectively.
Policy loans
Policy loans are carried at unpaid principal balances. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the carrying value of policy loans totaled $ i 555 million and $ i 561 million, respectively.
Other investments
Other investments primarily consist of agent loans, bank loans, real estate and derivatives. Agent loans are loans issued to exclusive Allstate agents and are carried at unpaid principal balances, net of valuation allowances and unamortized deferred fees or costs. Bank loans are primarily senior secured corporate loans and are carried at amortized cost. Real estate is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Derivatives are carried at fair value.  i The following table summarizes other investments by asset type.
($ in millions)
 
 
Agent loans
 
$
 i 663

 
$
 i 620

Bank loans
 
 i 363

 
 i 422

Real estate
 
 i 243

 
 i 228

Derivatives and other
 
 i 97

 
 i 30

Total
 
$
 i 1,366

 
$
 i 1,300




14



4.  i Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The hierarchy for inputs used in determining fair value maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Assets and liabilities recorded on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position at fair value are categorized in the fair value hierarchy based on the observability of inputs to the valuation techniques as follows:
Level 1: Assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market that the Company can access.
Level 2: Assets and liabilities whose values are based on the following:
(a)
Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;
(b)
Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or
(c)
Valuation models whose inputs are observable, directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
Level 3: Assets and liabilities whose values are based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s estimates of the assumptions that market participants would use in valuing the assets and liabilities.
The availability of observable inputs varies by instrument. In situations where fair value is based on internally developed pricing models or inputs that are unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. The degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is typically greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3. In many instances, valuation inputs used to measure fair value fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. The category level in the fair value hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company uses prices and inputs that are current as of the measurement date, including during periods of market disruption. In periods of market disruption, the ability to observe prices and inputs may be reduced for many instruments.
The Company is responsible for the determination of fair value and the supporting assumptions and methodologies. The Company gains assurance that assets and liabilities are appropriately valued through the execution of various processes and controls designed to ensure the overall reasonableness and consistent application of valuation methodologies, including inputs and assumptions, and compliance with accounting standards. For fair values received from third parties or internally estimated, the Company’s processes and controls are designed to ensure that the valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistently applied, the inputs and assumptions are reasonable and consistent with the objective of determining fair value, and the fair values are accurately recorded. For example, on a continuing basis, the Company assesses the reasonableness of individual fair values that have stale security prices or that exceed certain thresholds as compared to previous fair values received from valuation service providers or brokers or derived from internal models. The Company performs procedures to understand and assess the methodologies, processes and controls of valuation service providers. In addition, the Company may validate the reasonableness of fair values by comparing information obtained from valuation service providers or brokers to other third-party valuation sources for selected securities. The Company performs ongoing price validation procedures such as back-testing of actual sales, which corroborate the various inputs used in internal models to market observable data. When fair value determinations are expected to be more variable, the Company validates them through reviews by members of management who have relevant expertise and who are independent of those charged with executing investment transactions.
The Company has two types of situations where investments are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The first is where specific inputs significant to the fair value estimation models are not market observable. This primarily occurs in the Company’s use of broker quotes to value certain securities where the inputs have not been corroborated to be market observable, and the use of valuation models that use significant non-market observable inputs.
The second situation where the Company classifies securities in Level 3 is where quotes continue to be received from independent third-party valuation service providers and all significant inputs are market observable; however, there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset when compared to normal market activity such that the degree of market observability has declined to a point where categorization as a Level 3 measurement is considered appropriate. The indicators considered in determining whether a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for a specific asset has occurred include the level of new issuances in the primary market, trading volume in the secondary market, the level of credit spreads over historical levels, applicable bid-ask spreads, and price consensus among market participants and other pricing sources.
Certain assets are not carried at fair value on a recurring basis, including investments such as mortgage loans, bank loans, agent loans and policy loans. Accordingly, such investments are only included in the fair value hierarchy disclosure when the investment is subject to remeasurement at fair value after initial recognition and the resulting remeasurement is reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

15



In determining fair value, the Company principally uses the market approach which generally utilizes market transaction data for the same or similar instruments. To a lesser extent, the Company uses the income approach which involves determining fair values from discounted cash flow methodologies. For the majority of Level 2 and Level 3 valuations, a combination of the market and income approaches is used.
Summary of significant valuation techniques for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
Level 1 measurements
Fixed income securities: Comprise certain U.S. Treasury fixed income securities. Valuation is based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in active markets that the Company can access.
Equity securities: Comprise actively traded, exchange-listed equity securities. Valuation is based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in active markets that the Company can access.
Short-term: Comprise U.S. Treasury bills valued based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in active markets that the Company can access and actively traded money market funds that have daily quoted net asset values for identical assets that the Company can access.
Separate account assets: Comprise actively traded mutual funds that have daily quoted net asset values that are readily determinable for identical assets that the Company can access. Net asset values for the actively traded mutual funds in which the separate account assets are invested are obtained daily from the fund managers.
Level 2 measurements
Fixed income securities:
U.S. government and agencies: The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields and credit spreads.
Municipal: The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields and credit spreads.
Corporate - public: The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields and credit spreads.
Corporate - privately placed: Valued using a discounted cash flow model that is widely accepted in the financial services industry and uses market observable inputs and inputs derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. The primary inputs to the discounted cash flow model include an interest rate yield curve, as well as published credit spreads for similar assets in markets that are not active that incorporate the credit quality and industry sector of the issuer.
Foreign government: The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields and credit spreads.
ABS - collateralized debt obligations (“CDO”) and ABS - consumer and other: The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields, prepayment speeds, collateral performance and credit spreads. Certain ABS - CDO and ABS - consumer and other are valued based on non-binding broker quotes whose inputs have been corroborated to be market observable.
RMBS: The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields, prepayment speeds, collateral performance and credit spreads.
CMBS: The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields, collateral performance and credit spreads.
Redeemable preferred stock: The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields, underlying stock prices and credit spreads.
Equity securities: The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices or quoted net asset values for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active.
Short-term: The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields and credit spreads. 
Other investments: Free-standing exchange listed derivatives that are not actively traded are valued based on quoted prices for identical instruments in markets that are not active.
OTC derivatives, including interest rate swaps, foreign currency swaps, total return swaps, foreign exchange forward contracts, certain options and certain credit default swaps, are valued using models that rely on inputs such as interest rate yield curves,

16



implied volatilities, index price levels, currency rates, and credit spreads that are observable for substantially the full term of the contract. The valuation techniques underlying the models are widely accepted in the financial services industry and do not involve significant judgment.
Level 3 measurements
Fixed income securities:
Municipal: Comprise municipal bonds that are not rated by third-party credit rating agencies.  The primary inputs to the valuation of these municipal bonds include quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that exhibit less liquidity relative to those markets supporting Level 2 fair value measurements, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields and credit spreads. Also included are municipal bonds valued based on non-binding broker quotes where the inputs have not been corroborated to be market observable and municipal bonds in default valued based on the present value of expected cash flows.
Corporate - public and Corporate - privately placed: Primarily valued based on non-binding broker quotes where the inputs have not been corroborated to be market observable. Other inputs include an interest rate yield curve, as well as published credit spreads for similar assets that incorporate the credit quality and industry sector of the issuer.
ABS - CDO, ABS - consumer and other, and CMBS: Valued based on non-binding broker quotes received from brokers who are familiar with the investments and where the inputs have not been corroborated to be market observable.
Equity securities: The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices or quoted net asset values for identical or similar assets in markets that exhibit less liquidity relative to those markets supporting Level 2 fair value measurements.
Other investments: Certain OTC derivatives, such as interest rate caps, certain credit default swaps and certain options (including swaptions), are valued using models that are widely accepted in the financial services industry. These are categorized as Level 3 as a result of the significance of non-market observable inputs such as volatility. Other primary inputs include interest rate yield curves and credit spreads.
Contractholder funds: Derivatives embedded in certain life and annuity contracts are valued internally using models widely accepted in the financial services industry that determine a single best estimate of fair value for the embedded derivatives within a block of contractholder liabilities. The models primarily use stochastically determined cash flows based on the contractual elements of embedded derivatives, projected option cost and applicable market data, such as interest rate yield curves and equity index volatility assumptions. These are categorized as Level 3 as a result of the significance of non-market observable inputs.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis
Mortgage loans written-down to fair value in connection with recognizing impairments are valued based on the fair value of the underlying collateral less costs to sell. Bank loans written-down to fair value are valued based on broker quotes from brokers familiar with the loans and current market conditions or based on internal valuation models.
Investments excluded from the fair value hierarchy
Limited partnerships carried at fair value, which do not have readily determinable fair values, use NAV provided by the investees and are excluded from the fair value hierarchy. These investments are generally not redeemable by the investees and generally cannot be sold without approval of the general partner. The Company receives distributions of income and proceeds from the liquidation of the underlying assets of the investees, which usually takes place in years  i 4- i 9 of the typical contractual life of  i 10- i 12 years. As of September 30, 2019, the Company has commitments to invest $ i 221 million in these limited partnership interests.

17



 i 
The following table summarizes the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value as of September 30, 2019.
($ in millions)
Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
 
Counterparty
and cash
collateral
netting
 
Balance as of September 30, 2019
Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Fixed income securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. government and agencies
$
 i 302

 
$
 i 293

 
$
 i 

 
 

 
$
 i 595

Municipal
 i 

 
 i 1,871

 
 i 42

 
 

 
 i 1,913

Corporate - public
 i 

 
 i 12,954

 
 i 54

 
 

 
 i 13,008

Corporate - privately placed
 i 

 
 i 5,695

 
 i 96

 
 
 
 i 5,791

Foreign government
 i 

 
 i 163

 
 i 

 
 

 
 i 163

ABS - CDO
 i 

 
 i 19

 
 i 7

 
 

 
 i 26

ABS - consumer and other
 i 

 
 i 278

 
 i 13

 
 
 
 i 291

RMBS
 i 

 
 i 172

 
 i 

 
 

 
 i 172

CMBS
 i 

 
 i 25

 
 i 2

 
 

 
 i 27

Redeemable preferred stock
 i 

 
 i 14

 
 i 

 
 

 
 i 14

Total fixed income securities
 i 302

 
 i 21,484

 
 i 214

 
 

 
 i 22,000

Equity securities
 i 1,081

 
 i 12

 
 i 124

 
 

 
 i 1,217

Short-term investments
 i 802

 
 i 673

 
 i 

 
 

 
 i 1,475

Other investments: Free-standing derivatives
 i 

 
 i 112

 
 i 

 
$
( i 16
)
 
 i 96

Separate account assets
 i 2,912

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 
 
 i 2,912

Total recurring basis assets
 i 5,097

 
 i 22,281

 
 i 338

 
( i 16
)
 
 i 27,700

Total assets at fair value
$
 i 5,097

 
$
 i 22,281

 
$
 i 338

 
$
( i 16
)
 
$
 i 27,700

% of total assets at fair value
 i 18.4
%
 
 i 80.5
%
 
 i 1.2
%
 
( i 0.1
)%
 
 i 100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments reported at NAV

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i 762

Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
 i 28,462

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Contractholder funds: Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 424
)
 
 

 
$
( i 424
)
Other liabilities: Free-standing derivatives
 i 

 
( i 36
)
 
 i 

 
$
 i 2

 
( i 34
)
Total recurring basis liabilities at fair value
$
 i 

 
$
( i 36
)
 
$
( i 424
)
 
$
 i 2

 
$
( i 458
)
% of total liabilities at fair value
 i 
%
 
 i 7.9
%
 
 i 92.6
%
 
( i 0.5
)%
 
 i 100.0
%
 

 / 

18



The following table summarizes the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value as of December 31, 2018.
($ in millions)
Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
 
Counterparty
and cash
collateral
netting
 
Balance as of December 31, 2018
Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Fixed income securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. government and agencies
$
 i 493

 
$
 i 280

 
$
 i 

 
 

 
$
 i 773

Municipal
 i 

 
 i 2,156

 
 i 39

 
 

 
 i 2,195

Corporate - public
 i 

 
 i 11,891

 
 i 33

 
 

 
 i 11,924

Corporate - privately placed
 i 

 
 i 5,552

 
 i 97

 
 
 
 i 5,649

Foreign government
 i 

 
 i 179

 
 i 

 
 

 
 i 179

ABS - CDO
 i 

 
 i 26

 
 i 6

 
 

 
 i 32

ABS - consumer and other
 i 

 
 i 381

 
 i 16

 
 
 
 i 397

RMBS
 i 

 
 i 197

 
 i 

 
 

 
 i 197

CMBS
 i 

 
 i 40

 
 i 

 
 

 
 i 40

Redeemable preferred stock
 i 

 
 i 14

 
 i 

 
 

 
 i 14

Total fixed income securities
 i 493

 
 i 20,716

 
 i 191

 
 

 
 i 21,400

Equity securities
 i 1,182

 
 i 14

 
 i 129

 
 

 
 i 1,325

Short-term investments
 i 443

 
 i 367

 
 i 

 
 

 
 i 810

Other investments: Free-standing derivatives
 i 

 
 i 30

 
 i 1

 
$
( i 8
)
 
 i 23

Separate account assets
 i 2,783

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 
 
 i 2,783

Total recurring basis assets at fair value
$
 i 4,901

 
$
 i 21,127

 
$
 i 321

 
$
( i 8
)
 
$
 i 26,341

% of total assets at fair value
 i 18.6
%
 
 i 80.2
%
 
 i 1.2
%
 
 i 
 %
 
 i 100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments reported at NAV
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i 787

Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
 i 27,128

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Contractholder funds: Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 223
)
 
 

 
$
( i 223
)
Other liabilities: Free-standing derivatives
 i 

 
( i 7
)
 
 i 

 
$
 i 2

 
( i 5
)
Total recurring basis liabilities at fair value
$
 i 

 
$
( i 7
)
 
$
( i 223
)
 
$
 i 2

 
$
( i 228
)
% of total liabilities at fair value
 i 
%
 
 i 3.1
%
 
 i 97.8
%
 
( i 0.9
)%
 
 i 100.0
%
 
 i 
The following table summarizes quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements.
($ in millions)
Fair value
 
Valuation
technique
 
Unobservable
input
 
Range
 
Weighted
average
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts – Equity-indexed and forward starting options
$
( i 387
)
 
Stochastic cash flow model
 
Projected option cost
 
1.0 - 4.2%
 
 i 2.55
%
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts – Equity-indexed and forward starting options
$
( i 184
)
 
Stochastic cash flow model
 
Projected option cost
 
1.0 - 2.2%
 
 i 1.74
%

 / 
The embedded derivatives are equity-indexed and forward starting options in certain life and annuity products that provide customers with interest crediting rates based on the performance of the S&P 500. If the projected option cost increased (decreased), it would result in a higher (lower) liability fair value.
As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, Level 3 fair value measurements of fixed income securities total $ i 214 million and $ i 191 million, respectively, and include $ i 75 million and $ i 80 million, respectively, of securities valued based on non-binding broker quotes where the inputs have not been corroborated to be market observable. The Company does not develop the unobservable inputs used in measuring fair value; therefore, these are not included in the table above. However, an increase (decrease) in credit spreads for fixed income securities valued based on non-binding broker quotes would result in a lower (higher) fair value.

19



 i 
The following table presents the rollforward of Level 3 assets and liabilities held at fair value on a recurring basis during the three months ended September 30, 2019.
($ in millions)
 
 
Total gains (losses)
included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of June 30, 2019
 
Net
income
 
OCI
 
Transfers
into
Level 3
 
Transfers
out of
Level 3
 
Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Fixed income securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Municipal
$
 i 40

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 2

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
Corporate - public
 i 32

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 7
)
 
Corporate - privately placed
 i 96

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
ABS - CDO
 i 6

 
 i 1

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
 i 

 
ABS - consumer and other
 i 28

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 15
)
 
CMBS
 i 2

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Total fixed income securities
 i 204

 
 i 1

 
 i 1

 
 i 

 
( i 22
)
 
Equity securities
 i 119

 
 i 3

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Free-standing derivatives, net
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Total recurring Level 3 assets
$
 i 323

 
$
 i 4

 
$
 i 1

 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 22
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Contractholder funds: Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts
$
( i 411
)
 
$
( i 12
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
Total recurring Level 3 liabilities
$
( i 411
)
 
$
( i 12
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Issues
 
Settlements
 
Balance as of September 30, 2019
 
Assets
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

 
Fixed income securities:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

 
Municipal
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 42

 
Corporate - public
 i 29

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 54

 
Corporate - privately placed
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 96

 
ABS - CDO
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 7

 
ABS - consumer and other
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 13

 
CMBS
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 2

 
Total fixed income securities
 i 32

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 2
)
 
 i 214

 
Equity securities
 i 2

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 124

 
Free-standing derivatives, net
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Total recurring Level 3 assets
$
 i 34

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 2
)
 
$
 i 338

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

 
Contractholder funds: Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 6
)
 
$
 i 5

 
$
( i 424
)
 
Total recurring Level 3 liabilities
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 6
)
 
$
 i 5

 
$
( i 424
)
 
Total Level 3 gains (losses) included in net income for the three months ended September 30, 2019
 
 
 
Net investment income
 
Realized capital gains and losses
 
Contract benefits
 
Interest credited to contractholder funds
 
Total
 
Components of net income
 
$
 i 1

 
$
 i 3

 
$
( i 1
)
 
$
( i 11
)
 
$
( i 8
)
 








 / 

20



The following table presents the rollforward of Level 3 assets and liabilities held at fair value on a recurring basis during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
($ in millions)
 
 
Total gains (losses)
included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of December 31, 2018
 
Net
income
 
OCI
 
Transfers
into
Level 3
 
Transfers
out of
Level 3
 
Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Fixed income securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Municipal
$
 i 39

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 4

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
Corporate - public
 i 33

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 9
)
 
Corporate - privately placed
 i 97

 
( i 2
)
 
 i 2

 
 i 15

 
( i 1
)
 
ABS - CDO
 i 6

 
 i 1

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
 i 

 
ABS - consumer and other
 i 16

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 27
)
 
CMBS
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 2

 
 i 

 
Total fixed income securities
 i 191

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 5

 
 i 17

 
( i 37
)
 
Equity securities
 i 129

 
 i 23

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Free-standing derivatives, net
 i 1

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Total recurring Level 3 assets
$
 i 321

 
$
 i 21

 
$
 i 5

 
$
 i 17

 
$
( i 37
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Contractholder funds: Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts
$
( i 223
)
 
$
( i 48
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 154
)
 
$
 i 

 
Total recurring Level 3 liabilities
$
( i 223
)
 
$
( i 48
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 154
)
 
$
 i 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Issues
 
Settlements
 
Balance as of September 30, 2019
 
Assets
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

 
Fixed income securities:
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

 
Municipal
$
 i 

 
$
( i 1
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 42

 
Corporate - public
 i 32

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 54

 
Corporate - privately placed
 i 2

 
( i 13
)
 
 i 

 
( i 4
)
 
 i 96

 
ABS - CDO
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 7

 
ABS - consumer and other
 i 35

 
( i 6
)
 
 i 

 
( i 5
)
 
 i 13

 
CMBS
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 2

 
Total fixed income securities
 i 70

 
( i 21
)
 
 i 

 
( i 10
)
 
 i 214

 
Equity securities
 i 10

 
( i 38
)
 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 124

 
Free-standing derivatives, net
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Total recurring Level 3 assets
$
 i 80

 
$
( i 59
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 10
)
 
$
 i 338

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 

 
Contractholder funds: Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 6
)
 
$
 i 7

 
$
( i 424
)
 
Total recurring Level 3 liabilities
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 6
)
 
$
 i 7

 
$
( i 424
)
 
Total Level 3 gains (losses) included in net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019
 
 
 
Net investment income
 
Realized capital gains and losses
 
Contract benefits
 
Interest credited to contractholder funds
 
Total
 
Components of net income
 
$
 i 3

 
$
 i 18

 
$
 i 2

 
$
( i 50
)
 
$
( i 27
)
 





21



The following table presents the rollforward of Level 3 assets and liabilities held at fair value on a recurring basis during the three months ended September 30, 2018.
($ in millions)
 
 
Total gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of June 30, 2018
 
Net
income (1)
 
OCI
 
Transfers
into
Level 3
 
Transfers
out of
Level 3
 
Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Fixed income securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Municipal
$
 i 58

 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 1
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 1
)
 
Corporate - public
 i 47

 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
( i 3
)
 
Corporate - privately placed
 i 187

 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
( i 9
)
 
ABS - CDO
 i 9

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
ABS - consumer and other
 i 47

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 6

 
( i 13
)
 
Total fixed income securities
 i 348

 
 i 

 
( i 3
)
 
 i 6

 
( i 26
)
 
Equity securities
 i 113

 
 i 3

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Free-standing derivatives, net
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Total recurring Level 3 assets
$
 i 462

 
$
 i 3

 
$
( i 3
)
 
$
 i 6

 
$
( i 26
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Contractholder funds: Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts
$
( i 257
)
 
$
( i 6
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
Total recurring Level 3 liabilities
$
( i 257
)
 
$
( i 6
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Issues
 
Settlements
 
Balance as of September 30, 2018
 
Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Fixed income securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Municipal
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 56

 
Corporate - public
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 42

 
Corporate - privately placed
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 11
)
 
 i 166

 
ABS - CDO
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 8

 
ABS - consumer and other
 i 7

 
( i 6
)
 
 i 

 
( i 16
)
 
 i 25

 
Total fixed income securities
 i 7

 
( i 7
)
 
 i 

 
( i 28
)
 
 i 297

 
Equity securities
 i 5

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 121

 
Free-standing derivatives, net
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 1

(1) 
Total recurring Level 3 assets
$
 i 12

 
$
( i 7
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 28
)
 
$
 i 419

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Contractholder funds: Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 1

 
$
( i 262
)
 
Total recurring Level 3 liabilities
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 1

 
$
( i 262
)
 
__________
(1) 
Comprises $ i 1 million of assets.
Total Level 3 gains (losses) included in net income for the three months ended September 30, 2018
 
 
 
Net investment income
 
Realized capital gains and losses
 
Contract benefits
 
Interest credited to contractholder funds
 
Total
 
Components of net income
 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 3

 
$
 i 2

 
$
( i 8
)
 
$
( i 3
)
 









22



The following table presents the rollforward of Level 3 assets and liabilities held at fair value on a recurring basis during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
($ in millions)
 
 
Total gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of December 31, 2017
 
Net
income (1)
 
OCI
 
Transfers
into
Level 3
 
Transfers
out of
Level 3
 
Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Fixed income securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Municipal
$
 i 57

 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 2
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 1
)
 
Corporate - public
 i 49

 
 i 

 
( i 2
)
 
 i 3

 
( i 3
)
 
Corporate - privately placed
 i 220

 
( i 2
)
 
( i 2
)
 
 i 10

 
( i 32
)
 
ABS - CDO
 i 10

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
ABS - consumer and other
 i 40

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 12

 
( i 15
)
 
Total fixed income securities
 i 376

 
( i 2
)
 
( i 6
)
 
 i 25

 
( i 51
)
 
Equity securities
 i 90

 
 i 10

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Free-standing derivatives, net
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
Total recurring Level 3 assets
$
 i 467

 
$
 i 8

 
$
( i 6
)
 
$
 i 25

 
$
( i 51
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Contractholder funds: Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts
$
( i 284
)
 
$
 i 19

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
Total recurring Level 3 liabilities
$
( i 284
)
 
$
 i 19

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Issues
 
Settlements
 
Balance as of September 30, 2018
 
Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Fixed income securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Municipal
$
 i 2

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 56

 
Corporate - public
 i 

 
( i 2
)
 
 i 

 
( i 3
)
 
 i 42

 
Corporate - privately placed
 i 11

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 39
)
 
 i 166

 
ABS - CDO
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 2
)
 
 i 8

 
ABS - consumer and other
 i 20

 
( i 14
)
 
 i 

 
( i 18
)
 
 i 25

 
Total fixed income securities
 i 33

 
( i 16
)
 
 i 

 
( i 62
)
 
 i 297

 
Equity securities
 i 28

 
( i 7
)
 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 121

 
Free-standing derivatives, net
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 1

(1) 
Total recurring Level 3 assets
$
 i 61

 
$
( i 23
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 62
)
 
$
 i 419

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Contractholder funds: Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 1
)
 
$
 i 4

 
$
( i 262
)
 
Total recurring Level 3 liabilities
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 1
)
 
$
 i 4

 
$
( i 262
)
 
__________
(1) 
Comprises $ i 1 million of assets.
Total Level 3 gains (losses) included in net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018
 
 
 
Net investment income
 
Realized capital gains and losses
 
Contract benefits
 
Interest credited to contractholder funds
 
Total
 
Components of net income
 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 8

 
$
 i 7

 
$
 i 12

 
$
 i 27

 

Transfers between level categorizations may occur due to changes in the availability of market observable inputs, which generally are caused by changes in market conditions such as liquidity, trading volume or bid-ask spreads. Transfers between level categorizations may also occur due to changes in the valuation source, including situations where a fair value quote is not provided by the Company’s independent third-party valuation service provider resulting in the price becoming stale or replaced with a broker quote whose inputs have not been corroborated to be market observable. This situation will result in the transfer of a security into Level 3. Transfers in and out of level categorizations are reported as having occurred at the beginning of the quarter

23



in which the transfer occurred. Therefore, for all transfers into Level 3, all realized and changes in unrealized gains and losses in the quarter of transfer are reflected in the Level 3 rollforward table.
There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2019 or 2018.
Transfers into Level 3 during the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 included situations where a quote was not provided by the Company’s independent third-party valuation service provider and as a result the price was stale or had been replaced with a broker quote where the inputs had not been corroborated to be market observable resulting in the security being classified as Level 3. Transfers into Level 3 during 2019 also included derivatives embedded in equity-indexed universal life contracts due to refinements in the valuation modeling resulting in an increase in significance of non-market observable inputs.
Transfers out of Level 3 during the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 included situations where a broker quote was used in the prior period and a quote became available from the Company’s independent third-party valuation service provider in the current period. A quote utilizing the new pricing source was not available as of the prior period, and any gains or losses related to the change in valuation source for individual securities were not significant.
 i 
The following table provides valuation changes included in net income for Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of September 30.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Equity securities
$
 i 3

 
$
 i 3

 
$
 i 10

 
$
 i 10

Free-standing derivatives, net
 i 

 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

Total recurring Level 3 assets
$
 i 3

 
$
 i 3

 
$
 i 9

 
$
 i 10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Contractholder funds: Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts
$
( i 12
)
 
$
( i 6
)
 
$
( i 48
)
 
$
 i 19

Total recurring Level 3 liabilities
( i 12
)
 
( i 6
)
 
( i 48
)
 
 i 19

   Total included in net income
$
( i 9
)
 
$
( i 3
)
 
$
( i 39
)
 
$
 i 29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Components of net income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
$
 i 1

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 3

 
$
 i 

Realized capital gains and losses
 i 2

 
 i 3

 
 i 6

 
 i 10

Contract benefits
( i 1
)
 
 i 2

 
 i 2

 
 i 7

Interest credited to contractholder funds
( i 11
)
 
( i 8
)
 
( i 50
)
 
 i 12

        Total included in net income
$
( i 9
)
 
$
( i 3
)
 
$
( i 39
)
 
$
 i 29


 / 
Presented below are the carrying values and fair value estimates of financial instruments not carried at fair value.
 i 
Financial assets
($ in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value level
 
Carrying
value
 
Fair
value
 
Carrying
value
 
Fair
value
Mortgage loans
 
Level 3
 
$
 i 4,012

 
$
 i 4,176

 
$
 i 3,995

 
$
 i 4,028

Bank loans
 
Level 3
 
 i 363

 
 i 356

 
 i 422

 
 i 408

Agent loans
 
Level 3
 
 i 663

 
 i 666

 
 i 620

 
 i 617

Financial liabilities
($ in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value level
 
Carrying
value
 
Fair
value
 
Carrying
value
 
Fair
value
Contractholder funds on investment contracts
 
Level 3
 
$
 i 8,584

 
$
 i 9,400

 
$
 i 9,213

 
$
 i 9,629

Liability for collateral
 
Level 2
 
 i 691

 
 i 691

 
 i 525

 
 i 525

Notes due to related parties
 
Level 3
 
 i 140

 
 i 144

 
 i 140

 
 i 138


 / 

24



5.  i Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company uses derivatives for risk reduction and to increase investment portfolio returns through asset replication. Risk reduction activity is focused on managing the risks with certain assets and liabilities arising from the potential adverse impacts from changes in risk-free interest rates, changes in equity market valuations, increases in credit spreads and foreign currency fluctuations. Asset replication refers to the “synthetic” creation of assets through the use of derivatives. The Company replicates fixed income securities using a combination of a credit default swap, index total return swap, or a foreign currency forward contract and one or more highly rated fixed income securities, primarily investment grade host bonds, to synthetically replicate the economic characteristics of one or more cash market securities. The Company replicates equity securities using futures, index total return swaps, and options to increase equity exposure.
The Company utilizes several derivative strategies to manage risk. Asset-liability management is a risk management strategy that is principally employed to balance the respective interest-rate sensitivities of the Company’s assets and liabilities. Depending upon the attributes of the assets acquired and liabilities issued, derivative instruments such as interest rate swaps, caps, swaptions and futures are utilized to change the interest rate characteristics of existing assets and liabilities to ensure the relationship is maintained within specified ranges and to reduce exposure to rising or falling interest rates. Fixed income index total return swaps are used to offset valuation losses in the portfolio during periods of declining market values. Credit default swaps are typically used to mitigate the credit risk within the Company’s fixed income portfolio. Futures and options are used for hedging the equity exposure contained in the Company’s equity indexed life and annuity product contracts that offer equity returns to contractholders. In addition, the Company uses equity index total return swaps, options and futures to offset valuation losses in the equity portfolio during periods of declining equity market values. Foreign currency swaps and forwards are primarily used to reduce the foreign currency risk associated with holding foreign currency denominated investments.
The Company also has derivatives embedded in non-derivative host contracts that are required to be separated from the host contracts and accounted for at fair value with changes in fair value of embedded derivatives reported in net income. The Company’s primary embedded derivatives are equity options in life and annuity product contracts, which provide returns linked to equity indices to contractholders.
When derivatives meet specific criteria, they may be designated as accounting hedges and accounted for as fair value, cash flow, foreign currency fair value or foreign currency cash flow hedges. The Company designates certain investment risk transfer reinsurance agreements as fair value hedges when the hedging instrument is highly effective in offsetting the risk of changes in the fair value of the hedged item. The fair value of hedged liability is reported in contractholder funds in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The impact from results of the fair value hedge is reported in interest credited to contractholder funds in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income.
The notional amounts specified in the contracts are used to calculate the exchange of contractual payments under the agreements and are generally not representative of the potential for gain or loss on these agreements. However, the notional amounts specified in credit default swaps where the Company has sold credit protection represent the maximum amount of potential loss, assuming  i no recoveries.
Fair value, which is equal to the carrying value, is the estimated amount that the Company would receive or pay to terminate the derivative contracts at the reporting date. The carrying value amounts for OTC derivatives are further adjusted for the effects, if any, of enforceable master netting agreements and are presented on a net basis, by counterparty agreement, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
For those derivatives which qualify and have been designated as fair value accounting hedges, net income includes the changes in the fair value of both the derivative instrument and the hedged risk, and therefore reflects any hedging ineffectiveness. For cash flow hedges, gains and losses are amortized from AOCI and are reported in net income in the same period the forecasted transactions being hedged impact net income.
Non-hedge accounting is generally used for “portfolio” level hedging strategies where the terms of the individual hedged items do not meet the strict homogeneity requirements to permit the application of hedge accounting. For non-hedge derivatives, net income includes changes in fair value and accrued periodic settlements, when applicable. With the exception of non-hedge derivatives used for asset replication and non-hedge embedded derivatives, all of the Company’s derivatives are evaluated for their ongoing effectiveness as either accounting hedge or non-hedge derivative financial instruments on at least a quarterly basis.
Fair value hedges The Company had  i one derivative used in fair value hedging relationships and had  i no foreign currency contracts designated as fair value hedges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.
Cash flow hedges The Company had  i no derivatives used in cash flow hedging relationships for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018. The Company had  i no derivatives designated as cash flow hedges during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and  i one foreign currency contract designated as a cash flow hedge during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

25



 i 
The following table provides a summary of the volume and fair value positions of derivative instruments as well as their reporting location in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of September 30, 2019.
($ in millions, except number of contracts)
 
 
Volume (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance sheet location
 
Notional
amount
 
Number
of
 
Fair
value,
net
 
Gross
asset
 
Gross
liability
Asset derivatives
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Derivatives designated as fair value accounting hedging instruments
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Other
Other assets
 
$
 i 2

 
n/a

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

Derivatives not designated as accounting hedging instruments
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate cap agreements
Other investments
 
 i 22

 
n/a

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Equity and index contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Options
Other investments
 
 i 

 
 i 3,149

 
 i 96

 
 i 96

 
 i 

Futures
Other assets
 
 i 

 
 i 25

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Total return index contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total return swap agreements - fixed income
Other investments
 
 i 7

 
n/a

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Total return swap agreements - equity index
Other investments
 
 i 12

 
n/a

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Foreign currency contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Foreign currency forwards
Other investments
 
 i 223

 
n/a

 
 i 15

 
 i 16

 
( i 1
)
Credit default contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Credit default swaps – buying protection
Other investments
 
 i 29

 
n/a

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
Credit default swaps – selling protection
Other investments
 
 i 5

 
n/a

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Subtotal
 
 
 i 298

 
 i 3,174

 
 i 110

 
 i 112

 
( i 2
)
Total asset derivatives
 
 
$
 i 300

 
 i 3,174

 
$
 i 110

 
$
 i 112

 
$
( i 2
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liability derivatives
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Derivatives not designated as accounting hedging instruments
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate cap agreements
Other liabilities & accrued expenses
 
$
 i 13

 
n/a

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

Futures
Other liabilities & accrued expenses
 
 i 

 
 i 723

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Equity and index contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Options
Other liabilities & accrued expenses
 
 i 

 
 i 3,025

 
( i 34
)
 
 i 

 
( i 34
)
Futures
Other liabilities & accrued expenses
 
 i 

 
 i 8

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Foreign currency contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Foreign currency forwards
Other liabilities & accrued expenses
 
 i 6

 
n/a

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Embedded derivative financial instruments
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Guaranteed accumulation benefits
Contractholder funds
 
 i 161

 
n/a

 
( i 21
)
 
 i 

 
( i 21
)
Guaranteed withdrawal benefits
Contractholder funds
 
 i 205

 
n/a

 
( i 16
)
 
 i 

 
( i 16
)
Equity-indexed and forward starting options in life and annuity product contracts
Contractholder funds
 
 i 1,680

 
n/a

 
( i 387
)
 
 i 

 
( i 387
)
Credit default contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Credit default swaps – buying protection
Other liabilities & accrued expenses
 
 i 5

 
n/a

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Credit default swaps – selling protection
Other liabilities & accrued expenses
 
 i 

 
n/a

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Total liability derivatives
 
 
 i 2,070

 
 i 3,756

 
( i 458
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
( i 458
)
Total derivatives
 
 
$
 i 2,370

 
 i 6,930

 
$
( i 348
)
 
 

 
 

___________

(1) 
Volume for OTC and cleared derivative contracts is represented by their notional amounts. Volume for exchange traded derivatives is represented by the number of contracts, which is the basis on which they are traded. (n/a = not applicable)
 / 

26



The following table provides a summary of the volume and fair value positions of derivative instruments as well as their reporting location in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of December 31, 2018.
($ in millions, except number of contracts)
 
 
Volume (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance sheet location
 
Notional
amount
 
Number
of
 
Fair
value,
net
 
Gross
asset
 
Gross
liability
Asset derivatives
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Derivatives not designated as accounting hedging instruments
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate cap agreements
Other investments
 
$
 i 6

 
n/a

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

Futures
Other assets
 
 i 

 
 i 330

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Equity and index contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Options
Other investments
 
 i 

 
 i 3,440

 
 i 21

 
 i 21

 
 i 

Futures
Other assets
 
 i 

 
 i 26

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Total return index contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total return swap agreements - fixed income
Other investments
 
 i 7

 
n/a

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Total return swap agreements - equity index
Other investments
 
 i 10

 
n/a

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
( i 1
)
Foreign currency contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Foreign currency forwards
Other investments
 
 i 240

 
n/a

 
 i 8

 
 i 8

 
 i 

Credit default contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Credit default swaps – buying protection
Other investments
 
 i 27

 
n/a

 
 i 

 
 i 1

 
( i 1
)
Other contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Other
Other assets
 
 i 2

 
n/a

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Total asset derivatives
 
 
$
 i 292

 
 i 3,796

 
$
 i 28

 
$
 i 30

 
$
( i 2
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liability derivatives
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Derivatives not designated as accounting hedging instruments
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate cap agreements
Other liabilities & accrued expenses
 
$
 i 31

 
n/a

 
$
 i 1

 
$
 i 1

 
$
 i 

Equity and index contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Options
Other liabilities & accrued expenses
 
 i 

 
 i 3,266

 
( i 5
)
 
 i 

 
( i 5
)
Embedded derivative financial instruments
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Guaranteed accumulation benefits
Contractholder funds
 
 i 169

 
n/a

 
( i 25
)
 
 i 

 
( i 25
)
Guaranteed withdrawal benefits
Contractholder funds
 
 i 210

 
n/a

 
( i 14
)
 
 i 

 
( i 14
)
Equity-indexed and forward starting options in life and annuity product contracts
Contractholder funds
 
 i 1,696

 
n/a

 
( i 184
)
 
 i 

 
( i 184
)
Credit default contracts
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Credit default swaps – selling protection
Other liabilities & accrued expenses
 
 i 1

 
n/a

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Total liability derivatives
 
 
 i 2,107

 
 i 3,266

 
( i 227
)
 
$
 i 1

 
$
( i 228
)
Total derivatives
 
 
$
 i 2,399

 
 i 7,062

 
$
( i 199
)
 
 

 
 


 i  i 
The following table provides gross and net amounts for the Company’s OTC derivatives, all of which are subject to enforceable master netting agreements.
($ in millions)
 
 
Offsets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross
amount
 
Counter-
party
netting
 
Cash
collateral
(received)
pledged
 
Net
amount on
balance
sheet
 
Securities
collateral
(received)
pledged
 
Net
amount
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Asset derivatives
$
 i 16

 
$
( i 2
)
 
$
( i 14
)
 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

Liability derivatives
( i 2
)
 
 i 2

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Asset derivatives
$
 i 10

 
$
( i 3
)
 
$
( i 5
)
 
$
 i 2

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 2

Liability derivatives
( i 2
)
 
 i 3

 
( i 1
)
 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 


 / 
 / 

27



 i 
The following table provides a summary of the impacts of the Company’s foreign currency contracts in cash flow hedging relationships. There was no hedge ineffectiveness reported in realized gains and losses for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Gain recognized in OCI on derivatives during the period
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 1

Gain reclassified from AOCI into income (realized capital gains and losses)
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 3


 / 
 i 
The following tables present gains and losses from valuation and settlements reported on derivatives not designated as accounting hedging instruments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income.
($ in millions)
Realized capital gains and losses
 
Contract benefits
 
Interest credited to contractholder funds
 
Total gain (loss) recognized in net income on derivatives
Three months ended September 30, 2019
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Equity and index contracts
$
 i 


$
 i 


$
 i 3


$
 i 3

Embedded derivative financial instruments
 i 


( i 1
)

( i 12
)

( i 13
)
Foreign currency contracts
 i 8


 i 


 i 


 i 8

Total return swaps - fixed income
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Total return swaps - equity index
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Total
$
 i 8


$
( i 1
)

$
( i 9
)

$
( i 2
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine months ended September 30, 2019
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Equity and index contracts
$
 i 2

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 43

 
$
 i 45

Embedded derivative financial instruments
 i 

 
 i 2

 
( i 49
)
 
( i 47
)
Foreign currency contracts
 i 11

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 11

Total return swaps - fixed income
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 1

Total return swaps - equity index
 i 2

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 2

Total
$
 i 16

 
$
 i 2

 
$
( i 6
)
 
$
 i 12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended September 30, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts
$
 i 1

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 1

Equity and index contracts
( i 2
)
 
 i 

 
 i 18

 
 i 16

Embedded derivative financial instruments
 i 

 
 i 2

 
( i 7
)
 
( i 5
)
Foreign currency contracts
 i 4

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 4

Total return swaps
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 1

Total
$
 i 4

 
$
 i 2

 
$
 i 11

 
$
 i 17

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine months ended September 30, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts
$
 i 1

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 1

Equity and index contracts
( i 2
)
 
 i 

 
 i 24

 
 i 22

Embedded derivative financial instruments
 i 

 
 i 7

 
 i 15

 
 i 22

Foreign currency contracts
 i 8

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 8

Total return swaps
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 1

Total
$
 i 8

 
$
 i 7

 
$
 i 39

 
$
 i 54


 / 
The Company manages its exposure to credit risk by utilizing highly rated counterparties, establishing risk control limits, executing legally enforceable master netting agreements (“MNAs”) and obtaining collateral where appropriate. The Company uses MNAs for OTC derivative transactions that permit either party to net payments due for transactions and collateral is either pledged or obtained when certain predetermined exposure limits are exceeded. As of September 30, 2019, counterparties pledged $ i 14 million in collateral to the Company, and the Company pledged  i zero in collateral to counterparties. The Company has not incurred any losses on derivative financial instruments due to counterparty nonperformance. Other derivatives, including futures and certain option contracts, are traded on organized exchanges which require margin deposits and guarantee the execution of trades, thereby mitigating any potential credit risk.

28



Counterparty credit exposure represents the Company’s potential loss if all of the counterparties concurrently fail to perform under the contractual terms of the contracts and all collateral, if any, becomes worthless. This exposure is measured by the fair value of OTC derivative contracts with a positive fair value at the reporting date reduced by the effect, if any, of legally enforceable master netting agreements.
 i 
The following table summarizes the counterparty credit exposure by counterparty credit rating as it relates to the Company’s OTC derivatives.
($ in millions)
 
 
Rating (1)
 
Number of counter-parties
 
Notional amount (2)
 
Credit exposure (2)
 
Exposure, net of collateral (2)
 
Number of
counter-
parties
 
Notional
amount (2)
 
Credit
exposure (2)
 
Exposure, net of collateral (2)
A+
 
 i 5

 
$
 i 276

 
$
 i 13

 
$
 i 1

 
 i 3

 
$
 i 283

 
$
 i 9

 
$
 i 1

A
 
 i 1

 
 i 41

 
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 1

 
 i 23

 
 i 

 
 i 

Total
 
 i 6

 
$
 i 317

 
$
 i 14

 
$
 i 1

 
 i 4

 
$
 i 306

 
$
 i 9

 
$
 i 1

__________
 
(1) 
Allstate uses the lower of S&P’s or Moody’s long-term debt issuer ratings.
 / 
(2) 
Only OTC derivatives with a net positive fair value are included for each counterparty.
For certain exchange traded and cleared derivatives, margin deposits are required as well as daily cash settlements of margin accounts. As of September 30, 2019, the Company pledged $ i 6 million in the form of margin deposits.
Market risk is the risk that the Company will incur losses due to adverse changes in market rates and prices. Market risk exists for all of the derivative financial instruments the Company currently holds, as these instruments may become less valuable due to adverse changes in market conditions. To limit this risk, the Company’s senior management has established risk control limits. In addition, changes in fair value of the derivative financial instruments that the Company uses for risk management purposes are generally offset by the change in the fair value or cash flows of the hedged risk component of the related assets, liabilities or forecasted transactions.
Certain of the Company’s derivative instruments contain credit-risk-contingent termination events, cross-default provisions and credit support annex agreements. Credit-risk-contingent termination events allow the counterparties to terminate the derivative agreement or a specific trade on certain dates if AIC’s, ALIC’s or Allstate Life Insurance Company of New York’s (“ALNY”) financial strength credit ratings by Moody’s or S&P fall below a certain level. Credit-risk-contingent cross-default provisions allow the counterparties to terminate the derivative agreement if the Company defaults by pre-determined threshold amounts on certain debt instruments. Credit-risk-contingent credit support annex agreements specify the amount of collateral the Company must post to counterparties based on AIC’s, ALIC’s or ALNY’s financial strength credit ratings by Moody’s or S&P, or in the event AIC, ALIC or ALNY are no longer rated by either Moody’s or S&P.
 i 
The following summarizes the fair value of derivative instruments with termination, cross-default or collateral credit-risk-contingent features that are in a liability position, as well as the fair value of assets and collateral that are netted against the liability in accordance with provisions within legally enforceable MNAs.
($ in millions)
 
Gross liability fair value of contracts containing credit-risk-contingent features
$
 i 2

 
$
 i 2

Gross asset fair value of contracts containing credit-risk-contingent features and subject to MNAs
( i 2
)
 
( i 2
)
Collateral posted under MNAs for contracts containing credit-risk-contingent features
 i 

 
 i 

Maximum amount of additional exposure for contracts with credit-risk-contingent features if all features were triggered concurrently
$
 i 

 
$
 i 


 / 

29



Credit derivatives - selling protection
A credit default swap (“CDS”) is a derivative instrument, representing an agreement between two parties to exchange the credit risk of a specified entity (or a group of entities), or an index based on the credit risk of a group of entities (all commonly referred to as the “reference entity” or a portfolio of “reference entities”), in return for a periodic premium. In selling protection, CDS are used to replicate fixed income securities and to complement the cash market when credit exposure to certain issuers is not available or when the derivative alternative is less expensive than the cash market alternative. CDS typically have a five-year term.
 i 
The following table shows the CDS notional amounts by credit rating and fair value of protection sold.
($ in millions)
Notional amount
 
 
 
AA
 
A
 
BBB
 
BB and
lower
 
Total
 
Fair
value
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Single name
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Corporate debt
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 5

 
$
 i 5

 
$
 i 

Total
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 5

 
$
 i 5

 
$
 i 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Single name
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Corporate debt
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 1

 
$
 i 1

 
$
 i 

Total
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 

 
$
 i 1

 
$
 i 1

 
$
 i 


 / 
In selling protection with CDS, the Company sells credit protection on an identified single name, a basket of names in a first-to-default (“FTD”) structure or credit derivative index (“CDX”) that is generally investment grade, and in return receives periodic premiums through expiration or termination of the agreement. With single name CDS, this premium or credit spread generally corresponds to the difference between the yield on the reference entity’s public fixed maturity cash instruments and swap rates at the time the agreement is executed. With a FTD basket, because of the additional credit risk inherent in a basket of named reference entities, the premium generally corresponds to a high proportion of the sum of the credit spreads of the names in the basket and the correlation between the names. CDX is utilized to take a position on multiple (generally  i 125) reference entities. Credit events are typically defined as bankruptcy, failure to pay, or restructuring, depending on the nature of the reference entities. If a credit event occurs, the Company settles with the counterparty, either through physical settlement or cash settlement. In a physical settlement, a reference asset is delivered by the buyer of protection to the Company, in exchange for cash payment at par, whereas in a cash settlement, the Company pays the difference between par and the prescribed value of the reference asset. When a credit event occurs in a single name or FTD basket (for FTD, the first credit event occurring for any one name in the basket), the contract terminates at the time of settlement. For CDX, the reference entity’s name incurring the credit event is removed from the index while the contract continues until expiration. The maximum payout on a CDS is the contract notional amount. A physical settlement may afford the Company with recovery rights as the new owner of the asset.
The Company monitors risk associated with credit derivatives through individual name credit limits at both a credit derivative and a combined cash instrument/credit derivative level. The ratings of individual names for which protection has been sold are also monitored.

30



6.  i Reinsurance
 i 
The effects of reinsurance on premiums and contract charges are as follows:
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Direct
$
 i 180

 
$
 i 184

 
$
 i 548

 
$
 i 553

Assumed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affiliate
 i 58

 
 i 60

 
 i 174

 
 i 181

Non-affiliate
 i 172

 
 i 184

 
 i 524

 
 i 558

Ceded
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affiliate
( i 12
)
 
( i 13
)
 
( i 37
)
 
( i 38
)
Non-affiliate
( i 65
)
 
( i 71
)
 
( i 189
)
 
( i 209
)
Premiums and contract charges, net of reinsurance
$
 i 333

 
$
 i 344

 
$
 i 1,020

 
$
 i 1,045


 / 
 i 
The effects of reinsurance on contract benefits are as follows:
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Direct
$
 i 278

 
$
 i 253

 
$
 i 739

 
$
 i 776

Assumed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affiliate
 i 37

 
 i 44

 
 i 99

 
 i 112

Non-affiliate
 i 127

 
 i 101

 
 i 377

 
 i 358

Ceded
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affiliate
( i 8
)
 
( i 7
)
 
( i 27
)
 
( i 27
)
Non-affiliate
( i 68
)
 
( i 29
)
 
( i 84
)
 
( i 130
)
Contract benefits, net of reinsurance
$
 i 366

 
$
 i 362

 
$
 i 1,104

 
$
 i 1,089


 / 
 i 
The effects of reinsurance on interest credited to contractholder funds are as follows:
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Direct
$
 i 123

 
$
 i 119

 
$
 i 353

 
$
 i 378

Assumed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affiliate
 i 2

 
 i 2

 
 i 6

 
 i 6

Non-affiliate
 i 41

 
 i 38

 
 i 116

 
 i 96

Ceded
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affiliate
( i 5
)
 
( i 5
)
 
( i 15
)
 
( i 15
)
Non-affiliate
( i 7
)
 
( i 4
)
 
( i 15
)
 
( i 15
)
Interest credited to contractholder funds, net of reinsurance
$
 i 154

 
$
 i 150

 
$
 i 445

 
$
 i 450


 / 
Reinsurance Recoverables As of September 30, 2019, the Company had $ i 2.48 billion of reinsurance recoverables. Of the $ i 2.48 billion, the Company had $ i 64 million of reinsurance recoverables, net of an allowance for estimated uncollectible amounts, related to Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc. On December 14, 2018, the Delaware Insurance Commissioner placed Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc. under regulatory supervision.  On March 6, 2019, the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware entered a Rehabilitation and Injunction Order (the “Rehabilitation Order”) in response to a petition filed by the Insurance Commissioner (the “Petition”).  Pursuant to the Petition, it is expected that Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc. will submit a Plan of Rehabilitation. The Company joined in a joint motion filed on behalf of several affected parties asking the court to allow a specified amount of offsetting claim payments and losses against premiums remitted to Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc.  The Company also filed a separate motion related to the reimbursement of claim payments where Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc. is also acting as administrator. The Court has not yet ruled on either of these motions. In the interim, the Company and several other affected parties have been permitted to exercise certain setoff rights while the parties address any potential disputes.
The Company continues to monitor Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc. for future developments and will reevaluate its allowance for uncollectible amounts as new information becomes available.


31



7.  i Guarantees and Contingent Liabilities
Guarantees
Related to the sale of Lincoln Benefit Life Company on April 1, 2014, the Company agreed to indemnify Resolution Life Holdings, Inc. in connection with certain representations, warranties and covenants of the Company, and certain liabilities specifically excluded from the transaction, subject to specific contractual limitations regarding the Company’s maximum obligation. Management does not believe these indemnifications will have a material effect on results of operations, cash flows or financial position of the Company.
Related to the disposal through reinsurance of substantially all of the Company’s variable annuity business to Prudential in 2006, the Company and the Corporation have agreed to indemnify Prudential for certain pre-closing contingent liabilities (including extra-contractual liabilities of the Company and liabilities specifically excluded from the transaction) that the Company has agreed to retain. In addition, the Company and the Corporation will each indemnify Prudential for certain post-closing liabilities that may arise from the acts of the Company and its agents, including certain liabilities arising from the Company’s provision of transition services. The reinsurance agreements contain no limitations or indemnifications with regard to insurance risk transfer and transferred all of the future risks and responsibilities for performance on the underlying variable annuity contracts to Prudential, including those related to benefit guarantees. Management does not believe this agreement will have a material effect on results of operations, cash flows or financial position of the Company.
In the normal course of business, the Company provides standard indemnifications to contractual counterparties in connection with numerous transactions, including acquisitions and divestitures. The types of indemnifications typically provided include indemnifications for breaches of representations and warranties, taxes and certain other liabilities, such as third-party lawsuits. The indemnification clauses are often standard contractual terms and are entered into in the normal course of business based on an assessment that the risk of loss would be remote. The terms of the indemnifications vary in duration and nature. In many cases, the maximum obligation is not explicitly stated and the contingencies triggering the obligation to indemnify have not occurred and are not expected to occur. Consequently, the maximum amount of the obligation under such indemnifications is not determinable. Historically, the Company has not made any material payments pursuant to these obligations.
The aggregate liability balance related to all guarantees was not material as of September 30, 2019.
Regulation and compliance
The Company is subject to extensive laws, regulations and regulatory actions. From time to time, regulatory authorities or legislative bodies seek to impose additional regulations regarding agent and broker compensation, regulate the nature of and amount of investments, impose fines and penalties for unintended errors or mistakes, impose additional regulations regarding cybersecurity and privacy, and otherwise expand overall regulation of insurance products and the insurance industry. In addition, the Company is subject to laws and regulations administered and enforced by federal agencies, international agencies, and other organizations, including but not limited to the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, and the U.S. Department of Justice. The Company has established procedures and policies to facilitate compliance with laws and regulations, to foster prudent business operations, and to support financial reporting. The Company routinely reviews its practices to validate compliance with laws and regulations and with internal procedures and policies. As a result of these reviews, from time to time the Company may decide to modify some of its procedures and policies. Such modifications, and the reviews that led to them, may be accompanied by payments being made and costs being incurred. The ultimate changes and eventual effects of these actions on the Company’s business, if any, are uncertain.

32



8.  i Other Comprehensive Income
 i 
The components of other comprehensive income (loss) on a pre-tax and after-tax basis are as follows:
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
Pre-
tax
 
Tax
 
After-
tax
 
Pre-
tax
 
Tax
 
After-
tax
Unrealized net holding gains and losses arising during the period, net of related offsets
$
 i 216

 
$
( i 46
)
 
$
 i 170

 
$
( i 64
)
 
$
 i 14

 
$
( i 50
)
Less: reclassification adjustment of realized capital gains and losses
 i 17

 
( i 4
)
 
 i 13

 
( i 8
)
 
 i 2

 
( i 6
)
Unrealized net capital gains and losses
 i 199

 
( i 42
)
 
 i 157

 
( i 56
)
 
 i 12

 
( i 44
)
Unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments
 i 1

 
 i 

 
 i 1

 
( i 11
)
 
 i 2

 
( i 9
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
$
 i 200

 
$
( i 42
)
 
$
 i 158

 
$
( i 67
)
 
$
 i 14

 
$
( i 53
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
Pre-
tax
 
Tax
 
After-
tax
 
Pre-
tax
 
Tax
 
After-
tax
Unrealized net holding gains and losses arising during the period, net of related offsets
$
 i 863

 
$
( i 181
)
 
$
 i 682

 
$
( i 379
)
 
$
 i 80

 
$
( i 299
)
Less: reclassification adjustment of realized capital gains and losses
 i 11

 
( i 2
)
 
 i 9

 
( i 24
)
 
 i 5

 
( i 19
)
Unrealized net capital gains and losses
 i 852

 
( i 179
)
 
 i 673

 
( i 355
)
 
 i 75

 
( i 280
)
Unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments
( i 5
)
 
 i 1

 
( i 4
)
 
 i 

 
 i 

 
 i 

Other comprehensive income (loss)
$
 i 847

 
$
( i 178
)
 
$
 i 669

 
$
( i 355
)
 
$
 i 75

 
$
( i 280
)

 / 


33



REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholder of
Allstate Life Insurance Company
Northbrook, Illinois 60062

Results of Review of Interim Financial Information

We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of financial position of Allstate Life Insurance Company and subsidiaries (the “Company”), an affiliate of The Allstate Corporation, as of September 30, 2019, the related condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income and shareholder’s equity for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, and cash flows for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “condensed consolidated financial statements”). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated statement of financial position of Allstate Life Insurance Company and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, shareholder’s equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 22, 2019, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of financial position as of December 31, 2018 is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated statement of financial position from which it has been derived.

Basis for Review Results

These condensed consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our reviews in accordance with standards of the PCAOB. A review of the condensed consolidated financial statements consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.


/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

Chicago, Illinois
November 5, 2019

34



Item 2.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTH PERIODS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 AND 2018
 
OVERVIEW
The following discussion highlights significant factors influencing the consolidated financial position and results of operations of Allstate Life Insurance Company (referred to in this document as “we,” “our,” “us,” the “Company” or “ALIC”). It should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto found under Part I. Item 1. contained herein, and with the discussion, analysis, consolidated financial statements and notes thereto in Part I. Item 1. and Part II. Item 7. and Item 8. of the Allstate Life Insurance Company annual report on Form 10-K for 2018. We operate as a single segment entity based on the manner in which we use financial information to evaluate business performance and to determine the allocation of resources.
HIGHLIGHTS
Net income was $80 million and $401 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2019, respectively, compared to $193 million and $417 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2018, respectively.
Premiums and contract charges totaled $333 million in the third quarter of 2019, a decrease of 3.2% from $344 million in the third quarter of 2018, and $1.02 billion in the first nine months of 2019, a decrease of 2.4% from $1.05 billion in the first nine months of 2018.
Investments totaled $33.93 billion as of September 30, 2019, an increase of $1.25 billion from $32.68 billion as of December 31, 2018. Net investment income decreased 3.1% to $373 million in the third quarter of 2019 and decreased 9.1% to $1.10 billion in the first nine months of 2019 from $385 million and $1.21 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2018, respectively.
Net realized capital gains totaled $25 million and $219 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2019, respectively, compared to $48 million and $24 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2018, respectively.
During third quarter 2019, a $39 million pre-tax decrease to income was recorded related to our annual comprehensive review of the deferred policy acquisition costs (“DAC”), deferred sales inducement costs and secondary guarantee liability balances. This compares to a $5 million pre-tax decrease to income in the third quarter of 2018.
Contractholder funds totaled $16.84 billion as of September 30, 2019, a decrease of $627 million from $17.47 billion as of December 31, 2018.

35



OPERATIONS
Summary analysis Summarized financial data is presented in the following table.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Revenues
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Premiums
$
165

 
$
174

 
$
506

 
$
526

Contract charges
168

 
170

 
514

 
519

Other revenue
11

 
10

 
32

 
26

Net investment income
373

 
385

 
1,101

 
1,211

Realized capital gains and losses
25

 
48

 
219

 
24

Total revenues
742

 
787

 
2,372

 
2,306

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Costs and expenses
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Contract benefits
(366
)
 
(362
)
 
(1,104
)
 
(1,089
)
Interest credited to contractholder funds
(154
)
 
(150
)
 
(445
)
 
(450
)
Amortization of DAC
(71
)
 
(39
)
 
(136
)
 
(117
)
Operating costs and expenses
(51
)
 
(63
)
 
(186
)
 
(199
)
Restructuring and related charges
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
 
(2
)
Interest expense
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(3
)
 
(3
)
Total costs and expenses
(644
)
 
(615
)
 
(1,875
)
 
(1,860
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain on disposition of operations

 
1

 
3

 
4

Income tax (expense) benefit
(18
)
 
20

 
(99
)
 
(33
)
Net income
$
80

 
$
193

 
$
401

 
$
417

Net income was $80 million and $401 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2019, respectively, compared to $193 million and $417 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2018, respectively. 2018 results include a net tax benefit of $53 million related to the Tax Cut and Jobs Act of 2017 (“Tax Legislation”). Excluding the impact of Tax Legislation in 2018, net income decreased $60 million in the third quarter of 2019 compared to the third quarter in 2018, primarily due to higher amortization of DAC related to our annual review of assumptions, and lower net realized capital gains. Excluding the impact of Tax Legislation in 2018, net income increased $37 million in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the first nine months of 2018, primarily due to higher net realized capital gains, partially offset by lower net investment income and premiums, higher amortization of DAC related to our annual review of assumptions, and increased contract benefits.
Analysis of revenues Total revenues decreased 5.7% or $45 million in the third quarter of 2019 compared to the third quarter of 2018, primarily due to lower net realized capital gains, net investment income and premiums. Total revenues increased 2.9% or $66 million in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the first nine months of 2018, primarily due to higher net realized capital gains, partially offset by lower net investment income and premiums.
Premiums represent revenues generated from traditional life insurance, accident and health insurance products, and immediate annuities with life contingencies that have significant mortality or morbidity risk.
Contract charges are revenues generated from interest-sensitive and variable life insurance and fixed annuities for which deposits are classified as contractholder funds or separate account liabilities. Contract charges are assessed against the contractholder account values for maintenance, administration, cost of insurance and surrender prior to contractually specified dates.

36



The following table summarizes premiums and contract charges by product.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Underwritten products
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Traditional life insurance premiums
$
135

 
$
143

 
$
416

 
$
435

Accident and health insurance premiums
30

 
31

 
90

 
91

Interest-sensitive life insurance contract charges
165

 
165

 
505

 
508

Subtotal
330

 
339

 
1,011

 
1,034

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annuities
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Fixed annuity contract charges
3

 
5

 
9

 
11

Premiums and contract charges (1)
$
333

 
$
344

 
$
1,020

 
$
1,045

____________
(1) 
Contract charges related to the cost of insurance totaled $123 million and $120 million in the third quarter of 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $376 million and $368 million in the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Premiums and contract charges decreased 3.2% or $11 million in the third quarter of 2019 and 2.4% or $25 million in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the same periods of 2018, primarily due to lower premiums on traditional life insurance.
Other revenue increased 10.0% or $1 million in the third quarter of 2019 and 23.1% or $6 million in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the same periods of 2018, primarily due to higher gross dealer concessions earned on Allstate agencies’ sales of non-proprietary fixed annuities.
Analysis of costs and expenses Total costs and expenses increased 4.7% or $29 million in the third quarter of 2019 and 0.8% or $15 million in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the same periods of 2018, primarily due to higher amortization of DAC related to our annual review of assumptions and increased contract benefits, partially offset by lower operating costs and expenses.
Contract benefits increased 1.1% or $4 million in the third quarter of 2019 and 1.4% or $15 million in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the same periods of 2018, primarily due to higher claim experience on interest-sensitive life insurance, partially offset by favorable mortality experience on traditional life insurance and a favorable change associated with the annual review of assumptions. The third quarter of 2019 was also impacted by worse immediate annuity mortality experience.
Our annual review of assumptions in third quarter 2019 resulted in a $5 million decrease in reserves primarily for secondary guarantees on interest-sensitive life insurance due to utilizing more refined policy level information and assumptions. In third quarter 2018, the review resulted in a $3 million increase in reserves primarily for guaranteed withdrawal benefits on equity-indexed annuities due to higher projected guaranteed benefits and secondary guarantees on interest-sensitive life insurance due to higher than anticipated policyholder persistency.
We periodically review the adequacy of reserves for immediate annuities with life contingencies using actual experience and current assumptions. In the event actual experience and current assumptions are adverse compared to the original assumptions and a premium deficiency is determined to exist, the establishment of a premium deficiency reserve is required.
Long-term investment yield assumptions are sensitive to changes in interest rates. During the third quarter of 2019 our reviews concluded that no premium deficiency adjustments were necessary although immediate annuities with life contingencies had marginal sufficiency due to the decline in interest rates during 2019.
We analyze our mortality and morbidity results using the difference between premiums and contract charges earned for the cost of insurance and contract benefits excluding the portion related to the implied interest on immediate annuities with life contingencies (“benefit spread”). This implied interest totaled $119 million and $360 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2019, respectively, compared to $123 million and $370 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2018, respectively.
The benefit spread by product group is disclosed in the following table.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Life insurance
$
57

 
$
62

 
$
171

 
$
194

Accident and health insurance
13

 
14

 
41

 
46

Annuities
(29
)
 
(21
)
 
(74
)
 
(65
)
Total benefit spread
$
41

 
$
55

 
$
138

 
$
175


37



Benefit spread decreased 25.5% or $14 million in the third quarter of 2019 and 21.1% or $37 million in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the same periods of 2018, primarily due to higher claim experience on interest-sensitive life insurance, lower premiums on traditional life insurance and worse immediate annuity mortality experience, partially offset by favorable mortality experience on traditional life insurance.
Interest credited to contractholder funds increased 2.7% or $4 million in the third quarter of 2019 compared to the third quarter of 2018, primarily due to valuation changes on derivatives embedded in equity-indexed life and annuity contracts that are not hedged, partially offset by lower average contractholder funds. Interest credited to contractholder funds decreased 1.1% or $5 million in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the first nine months of 2018, primarily due to lower average contractholder funds, partially offset by valuation changes on derivatives embedded in equity-indexed life and annuity contracts that are not hedged. Valuation changes on derivatives embedded in equity-indexed life and annuity contracts that are not hedged increased interest credited to contractholder funds by $12 million and $18 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2019, respectively, compared to decreases of zero and $6 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2018, respectively.
In order to analyze the impact of net investment income and interest credited to contractholders on net income, we monitor the difference between net investment income and the sum of interest credited to contractholder funds and the implied interest on immediate annuities with life contingencies, which is included as a component of contract benefits on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (“investment spread”).
The investment spread is shown in the following table.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Investment spread before valuation changes on embedded derivatives not hedged
$
112

 
$
112

 
$
314

 
$
385

Valuation changes on derivatives embedded in equity-indexed life and annuity contracts that are not hedged
(12
)
 

 
(18
)
 
6

Total investment spread
$
100

 
$
112

 
$
296

 
$
391

Investment spread before valuation changes on embedded derivatives not hedged in the third quarter of 2019 was comparable to the third quarter of 2018. Investment spread before valuation changes on embedded derivatives not hedged decreased 18.4% or $71 million in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the first nine months of 2018, primarily due to lower investment income, mainly from limited partnership interests, partially offset by lower interest credited to contractholder funds.
To further analyze investment spreads, the following table summarizes the weighted average investment yield on assets supporting product liabilities and capital, interest crediting rates and investment spreads. Investment spreads may vary significantly between periods due to the variability in investment income, particularly for immediate fixed annuities where the investment portfolio includes performance-based investments.
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Weighted average
investment yield
 
Weighted average
interest crediting rate
 
Weighted average
investment spreads
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Interest-sensitive life insurance
5.0
%
 
5.1
%
 
3.7
%
 
3.7
%
 
1.3
 %
 
1.4
%
Deferred fixed annuities
4.3

 
4.1

 
2.8

 
2.8

 
1.5

 
1.3

Immediate fixed annuities with and without life contingencies
5.9

 
6.0

 
5.9

 
6.0

 

 

Investments supporting capital, traditional life and other products
3.4

 
3.5

 
n/a

 
n/a

 
n/a

 
n/a

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
Weighted average
investment yield
 
Weighted average
interest crediting rate
 
Weighted average
investment spreads
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Interest-sensitive life insurance
4.9
%
 
5.2
%
 
3.7
%
 
3.7
%
 
1.2
 %
 
1.5
%
Deferred fixed annuities
4.3

 
4.1

 
2.7

 
2.8

 
1.6

 
1.3

Immediate fixed annuities with and without life contingencies
5.6

 
6.6

 
5.9

 
6.0

 
(0.3
)
 
0.6

Investments supporting capital, traditional life and other products
3.6

 
3.5

 
n/a

 
n/a

 
n/a

 
n/a


38



Amortization of DAC The components of amortization of DAC are summarized in the following table.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Amortization of DAC before amortization relating to realized capital gains and losses, valuation changes on embedded derivatives not hedged, and changes in assumptions
$
29

 
$
35

 
$
90

 
$
107

Amortization relating to realized capital gains and losses (1) and valuation changes on embedded derivatives not hedged
(2
)
 
2

 
2

 
8

Amortization acceleration (deceleration) for changes in assumptions (“DAC unlocking”)
44

 
2

 
44

 
2

Total amortization of DAC
$
71

 
$
39

 
$
136

 
$
117

_____________
 
(1) 
The impact of realized capital gains and losses on amortization of DAC is dependent upon the relationship between the assets that give rise to the gain or loss and the product liability supported by the assets. Fluctuations result from changes in the impact of realized capital gains and losses on actual and expected gross profits.
Amortization of DAC increased 82.1% or $32 million in the third quarter of 2019 and 16.2% or $19 million in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the same periods of 2018, primarily due to higher amortization acceleration for changes in assumptions, partially offset by lower gross profits on interest-sensitive life insurance.
Our annual comprehensive review of assumptions underlying estimated future gross profits for our interest-sensitive life contracts covers assumptions for mortality, persistency, expenses, investment returns, including capital gains and losses, interest crediting rates to policyholders, and the effect of any hedges. An assessment is made of future projections to ensure the reported DAC balances reflect current expectations. In third quarter 2019, the review resulted in an acceleration of DAC amortization (decrease to income) of $44 million compared to an acceleration of DAC amortization of $2 million in the prior year period.
The following table provides the effect on DAC amortization of changes in assumptions relating to the gross profit components of investment margin, benefit margin and expense margin.
($ in millions)
Nine months ended September 30,
2019
 
2018
Investment margin
$
18

 
$
9

Benefit margin
26

 
(7
)
Expense margin

 

Net acceleration
$
44

 
$
2

In 2019, DAC amortization acceleration for changes in the investment margin component of estimated gross profits was due to lower projected future interest rates and investment returns compared to our previous expectations. The acceleration related to benefit margin was due to decreased projected interest rates that result in lower projected policyholder account values which increases benefits on guaranteed products and more refined policy level information and assumptions. Less than 10% of the interest-sensitive life DAC balance relates to policies with secondary guarantees similar to those that contributed to the DAC amortization acceleration.
In 2018, DAC amortization acceleration for changes in the investment margin component of estimated gross profits was due to lower projected investment returns. The deceleration related to benefit margin was due to a decrease in projected mortality.
Operating costs and expenses decreased 19.0% or $12 million in the third quarter of 2019 compared to the third quarter of 2018, primarily due to a reduction in loss contingency expense related to reinsurance as well as lower acquisition and maintenance expenses resulting from the decline in new and inforce business. Operating costs and expenses decreased 6.5% or $13 million in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the first nine months of 2018, primarily due to lower acquisition and maintenance expenses, partially offset by higher commissions on non-proprietary product sales.

39



Analysis of reserves and contractholder funds
The following table summarizes our product liabilities.
 ($ in millions)
 
Traditional life insurance
$
2,544

 
$
2,517

Accident and health insurance
195

 
203

Immediate fixed annuities with life contingencies
 
 
 
Sub-standard structured settlements and group pension terminations (1)
5,151

 
4,990

Standard structured settlements and SPIA (2)
3,394

 
3,420

Other
77

 
109

Reserve for life-contingent contract benefits
$
11,361

 
$
11,239

 
 
 
 
Interest-sensitive life insurance
$
7,394

 
$
7,369

Deferred fixed annuities
6,617

 
7,123

Immediate fixed annuities without life contingencies
2,379

 
2,522

Other
453

 
456

Contractholder funds
$
16,843

 
$
17,470

____________
(1) 
Comprises structured settlement annuities for annuitants with severe injuries or other health impairments which increased their expected mortality rate at the time the annuity was issued (“sub-standard structured settlements”) and group annuity contracts issued to sponsors of terminated pension plans.
(2) 
Comprises structured settlement annuities for annuitants with standard life expectancy (“standard structured settlements”) and single premium immediate annuities (“SPIA”) with life contingencies.
Contractholder funds represent interest-bearing liabilities arising from the sale of products such as interest-sensitive life insurance and fixed annuities. The balance of contractholder funds is equal to the cumulative deposits received and interest credited to the contractholder less cumulative contract benefits, surrenders, withdrawals and contract charges for mortality or administrative expenses.
The following table shows the changes in contractholder funds.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Contractholder funds, beginning balance
$
17,024

 
$
18,016

 
$
17,470

 
$
18,592

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest-sensitive life insurance
204

 
206

 
616

 
631

Fixed annuities
3

 
2

 
12

 
11

Total deposits
207

 
208

 
628

 
642

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest credited
152

 
149

 
442

 
447

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefits, withdrawals and other adjustments
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Benefits
(199
)
 
(204
)
 
(593
)
 
(619
)
Surrenders and partial withdrawals
(193
)
 
(257
)
 
(647
)
 
(808
)
Contract charges
(159
)
 
(161
)
 
(477
)
 
(483
)
Net transfers from separate accounts
1

 
1

 
7

 
5

Other adjustments (1)
10

 
7

 
13

 
(17
)
Total benefits, withdrawals and other adjustments
(540
)
 
(614
)
 
(1,697
)
 
(1,922
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contractholder funds, ending balance
$
16,843

 
$
17,759

 
$
16,843

 
$
17,759

____________
(1) 
The table above illustrates the changes in contractholder funds, which are presented gross of reinsurance recoverables on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The table above is intended to supplement our discussion and analysis of revenues, which are presented net of reinsurance on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. As a result, the net change in contractholder funds associated with products reinsured is reflected as a component of the other adjustments line.
Contractholder funds decreased 1.1% and 3.6% in the third quarter and first nine months of 2019, respectively, primarily due to the continued runoff of our deferred fixed annuity business. We discontinued the sale of annuities but still accept additional deposits on existing contracts.
Surrenders and partial withdrawals on deferred fixed annuities and interest-sensitive life insurance products decreased 24.9% to $193 million in the third quarter of 2019 and 19.9% to $647 million in the first nine months of 2019 from $257 million and $808 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2018, respectively. The annualized surrender and partial withdrawal rate

40



on deferred fixed annuities and interest-sensitive life insurance products, based on the beginning of year contractholder funds, was 6.2% in the first nine months of 2019 compared to 7.3% in the first nine months of 2018.
INVESTMENTS
Portfolio composition The composition of the investment portfolio as of September 30, 2019 is presented in the following table.
($ in millions)
 
 
Percent to total
Fixed income securities (1)
$
22,000

 
64.9
%
Mortgage loans
4,012

 
11.8

Equity securities (2)
1,217

 
3.6

Limited partnership interests 
3,304

 
9.7

Short-term investments (3)
1,475

 
4.4

Policy loans
555

 
1.6

Other
1,366

 
4.0

Total
$
33,929

 
100.0
%
__________
(1) 
Fixed income securities are carried at fair value. Amortized cost basis for these securities was $20.42 billion.
(2) 
Equity securities are carried at fair value. The fair value of equity securities held as of September 30, 2019 was $294 million in excess of cost. These net gains were primarily concentrated in the consumer goods, technology and financial services sectors.
(3) 
Short-term investments are carried at fair value.
Investments totaled $33.93 billion as of September 30, 2019, increasing from $32.68 billion as of December 31, 2018, primarily due to higher fixed income and equity valuations and positive operating cash flows, partially offset by net reductions in contractholder funds and dividends paid to Allstate Insurance Company (“AIC”).
Portfolio composition by investment strategy
We utilize two primary strategies to manage risks and returns and to position our portfolio to take advantage of market opportunities while attempting to mitigate adverse effects. As strategies and market conditions evolve, the asset allocation may change or assets may be moved between strategies.
Market-based strategies include investments primarily in public fixed income and equity securities. Market-based core seeks to deliver predictable earnings aligned to business needs and returns consistent with the markets in which we invest. Private fixed income assets, such as commercial mortgages, bank loans and privately placed debt that provide liquidity premiums are also included in this category. Market-based active seeks to outperform within the public markets through tactical positioning and by taking advantage of short-term opportunities. This category may generate results that meaningfully deviate from those achieved by market indices, both favorably and unfavorably.
Performance-based strategy seeks to deliver attractive risk-adjusted returns and supplement market risk with idiosyncratic risk primarily through investments in private equity and real estate.
The following table presents the investment portfolio by strategy as of September 30, 2019.
($ in millions)
Market-based core
 
Market-based active
 
Performance-based
 
Total
Fixed income securities
$
20,782

 
$
1,207

 
$
11

 
$
22,000

Mortgage loans
4,012

 

 

 
4,012

Equity securities
1,061

 
75

 
81

 
1,217

Limited partnership interests
117

 

 
3,187

 
3,304

Short-term investments
1,377

 
98

 

 
1,475

Policy loans
555

 

 

 
555

Other
1,096

 
4

 
266

 
1,366

Total
$
29,000

 
$
1,384

 
$
3,545

 
$
33,929

Percent to total
85.5
%
 
4.1
%
 
10.4
%
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unrealized net capital gains and losses
 
 
 
 
 
 

Fixed income securities
$
1,539

 
$
43

 
$
(1
)
 
$
1,581

Limited partnership interests

 

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Total
$
1,539

 
$
43

 
$
(2
)
 
$
1,580


41



Fixed income securities by type are listed in the following table. 
 
Fair value as of
($ in millions) 
 
U.S. government and agencies
$
595

 
$
773

Municipal
1,913

 
2,195

Corporate
18,799

 
17,573

Foreign government
163

 
179

Asset-backed securities (“ABS”)
317

 
429

Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”)
172

 
197

Commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”)
27

 
40

Redeemable preferred stock
14

 
14

Total fixed income securities
$
22,000

 
$
21,400

Fixed income securities are rated by third-party credit rating agencies and/or are internally rated. As of September 30, 2019, 87.0% of the fixed income securities portfolio was rated investment grade, which is defined as a security having a rating of Aaa, Aa, A or Baa from Moody’s, a rating of AAA, AA, A or BBB from S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”), a comparable rating from another nationally recognized rating agency, or a comparable internal rating if an externally provided rating is not available. Credit ratings below these designations are considered low credit quality or below investment grade, which includes high yield bonds. Market prices for certain securities may have credit spreads which imply higher or lower credit quality than the current third-party rating. Our initial investment decisions and ongoing monitoring procedures for fixed income securities are based on a thorough due diligence process which includes, but is not limited to, an assessment of the credit quality, sector, structure, and liquidity risks of each issue.
The following table summarizes the fair value and unrealized net capital gains (losses) for fixed income securities by credit quality as of September 30, 2019
($ in millions)
Investment grade
 
Below investment grade
 
Total
 
 
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
gain (loss)
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
gain (loss)
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
gain (loss)
 
Percent rated investment grade
U.S. government and agencies
$
595

 
$
40

 
$

 
$

 
$
595

 
$
40

 
100.0
%
Municipal
1,871

 
318

 
42

 
3

 
1,913

 
321

 
97.8

Corporate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Public
11,675

 
805

 
1,333

 
40

 
13,008

 
845

 
89.8

Privately placed
4,502

 
274

 
1,289

 
36

 
5,791

 
310

 
77.7

Total Corporate
16,177

 
1,079

 
2,622

 
76

 
18,799

 
1,155

 
86.1

Foreign government
156

 
8

 
7

 

 
163

 
8

 
95.7

ABS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateralized debt obligations (“CDO”)
16

 
(1
)
 
10

 

 
26

 
(1
)
 
61.5

Consumer and other asset-backed securities (“Consumer and other ABS”) (1)
283

 
3

 
8

 

 
291

 
3

 
97.3

Total ABS
299

 
2

 
18

 

 
317

 
2

 
94.3

RMBS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government sponsored entities (“U.S. Agency”)
19

 
1

 

 

 
19

 
1

 
100.0

Non-agency
14

 
1

 
139

 
47

 
153

 
48

 
9.2

Total RMBS
33

 
2

 
139

 
47

 
172

 
49

 
19.2

CMBS

 

 
27

 
5

 
27

 
5

 

Redeemable preferred stock
14

 
1

 

 

 
14

 
1

 
100.0

Total fixed income securities
$
19,145

 
$
1,450

 
$
2,855

 
$
131

 
$
22,000

 
$
1,581

 
87.0
%
__________
(1) 
Total Consumer and other ABS consists of $72 million of consumer auto, $93 million of credit card and $126 million of other ABS with unrealized net capital gains of $1 million, zero and $2 million, respectively.
Municipal bonds include general obligations of state and local issuers and revenue bonds (including pre-refunded bonds, which are bonds for which an irrevocable trust has been established to fund the remaining payments of principal and interest).

42



Corporate bonds include publicly traded and privately placed securities. Privately placed securities primarily consist of corporate issued senior debt securities that are directly negotiated with the borrower or are in unregistered form.
ABS includes CDO and Consumer and other ABS. Credit risk is managed by monitoring the performance of the underlying collateral. Many of the securities in the ABS portfolio have credit enhancement with features such as overcollateralization, subordinated structures, reserve funds, guarantees and/or insurance.
CDO consist of obligations collateralized by cash flow CDO, which are structures collateralized primarily by below investment grade senior secured corporate loans.
RMBS is subject to interest rate risk, but unlike other fixed income securities, is additionally subject to prepayment risk from the underlying residential mortgage loans. RMBS consists of a U.S. Agency portfolio having collateral issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and a non-agency portfolio consisting of securities collateralized by Prime, Alt-A and Subprime loans.
CMBS investments are primarily traditional conduit transactions collateralized by commercial mortgage loans, broadly diversified across property types and geographical area.
Mortgage loans totaled $4.01 billion as of September 30, 2019 and primarily comprise loans secured by first mortgages on developed commercial real estate. Key considerations used to manage our exposure include property type and geographic diversification. For further detail on our mortgage loan portfolio, see Note 3 of the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Equity securities totaled $1.22 billion as of September 30, 2019 and primarily include common stocks, exchange traded and mutual funds, non-redeemable preferred stocks and real estate investment trust equity investments. Certain exchange traded and mutual funds have fixed income securities as their underlying investments.
Limited partnership interests include interests in private equity funds, real estate funds and other funds. The following table presents carrying value and other information about our limited partnership interests as of September 30, 2019.
($ in millions)
Limited partnership interests (1)
 
Number of managers
 
Number of individual investments
 
Largest exposure to single investment
Private equity
$
2,821

 
149

 
288

 
$
152

Real estate
366

 
25

 
48

 
34

Other
117

 
3

 
3

 
62

Total
$
3,304

 
177

 
339

 
 
______________________________
(1) 
We have commitments to invest in additional limited partnership interests totaling $1.08 billion.
Unrealized net capital gains totaled $1.58 billion as of September 30, 2019 compared to $343 million as of December 31, 2018.
The following table presents unrealized net capital gains (losses).
($ in millions)
 
U.S. government and agencies
$
40

 
$
33

Municipal
321

 
198

Corporate
1,155

 
52

Foreign government
8

 
9

ABS
2

 

RMBS
49

 
43

CMBS
5

 
7

Redeemable preferred stock
1

 
1

Fixed income securities
1,581

 
343

EMA limited partnerships
(1
)
 

Unrealized net capital gains and losses, pre-tax
$
1,580

 
$
343

The unrealized net capital gain for the fixed income portfolio totaled $1.58 billion, comprised of $1.63 billion of gross unrealized gains and $44 million of gross unrealized losses as of September 30, 2019. This compares to an unrealized net capital gain for the fixed income portfolio totaling $343 million, comprised of $732 million of gross unrealized gains and $389 million of gross unrealized losses as of December 31, 2018. Fixed income valuations increased primarily due to a decrease in risk-free interest rates and tighter credit spreads.

43



Gross unrealized gains (losses) on fixed income securities by type and sector as of September 30, 2019 are provided in the following table.
($ in millions)
Amortized
cost
 
Gross unrealized
 
Fair
value
 
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
Corporate: 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Banking
$
943

 
$
40

 
$
(15
)
 
$
968

Energy
1,205

 
88

 
(8
)
 
1,285

Consumer goods (cyclical and non-cyclical)
4,856

 
266

 
(6
)
 
5,116

Utilities
3,166

 
343

 
(3
)
 
3,506

Financial services
1,074

 
51

 
(2
)
 
1,123

Technology
1,058

 
51

 
(2
)
 
1,107

Communications
1,101

 
74

 
(1
)
 
1,174

Basic industry
888

 
57

 
(1
)
 
944

Capital goods
2,343

 
136

 

 
2,479

Transportation
924

 
81

 

 
1,005

Other
86

 
6

 

 
92

Total corporate fixed income portfolio
17,644

 
1,193

 
(38
)
 
18,799

U.S. government and agencies
555

 
40

 

 
595

Municipal
1,592

 
324

 
(3
)
 
1,913

Foreign government
155

 
8

 

 
163

ABS
315

 
4

 
(2
)
 
317

RMBS
123

 
49

 

 
172

CMBS
22

 
6

 
(1
)
 
27

Redeemable preferred stock
13

 
1

 

 
14

Total fixed income securities
$
20,419

 
$
1,625

 
$
(44
)
 
$
22,000

The consumer goods, utilities and capital goods sectors comprise 27%, 19% and 13%, respectively, of the carrying value of our corporate fixed income securities portfolio as of September 30, 2019. The banking, energy and consumer goods sectors had the highest concentration of gross unrealized losses in our corporate fixed income securities portfolio as of September 30, 2019. In general, the gross unrealized losses are related to an increase in market yields which may include increased risk-free interest rates and/or wider credit spreads since the time of initial purchase. Similarly, gross unrealized gains reflect a decrease in market yields since the time of initial purchase.



44



Net investment income The following table presents net investment income.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Fixed income securities
$
235

 
$
247

 
$
721

 
$
745

Mortgage loans
48

 
44

 
140

 
141

Equity securities
6

 
7

 
26

 
30

Limited partnership interests
69

 
74

 
174

 
262

Short-term investments
8

 
7

 
24

 
16

Policy loans
9

 
8

 
25

 
23

Other
24

 
23

 
70

 
68

Investment income, before expense
399

 
410

 
1,180

 
1,285

Investment expense (1) (2)
(26
)
 
(25
)
 
(79
)
 
(74
)
Net investment income
$
373

 
$
385

 
$
1,101

 
$
1,211

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Market-based core
$
311

 
$
321

 
$
950

 
$
977

Market-based active
12

 
10

 
35

 
29

Performance-based
76

 
79

 
195

 
279

Investment income, before expense
$
399

 
$
410

 
$
1,180

 
$
1,285

______________________________
(1) 
Investment expense includes $7 million and $6 million of investee level expenses in the third quarter of 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $19 million and $17 million in the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, respectively. Investee level expenses include depreciation and asset level operating expenses on directly held real estate and other consolidated investments.
(2) 
Investment expense includes $3 million related to the portion of reinvestment income on securities lending collateral paid to the counterparties in both the third quarter of 2019 and 2018, and $10 million and $7 million in the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Net investment income decreased 3.1% or $12 million in the third quarter of 2019 compared to the third quarter of 2018 and 9.1% or $110 million in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the same periods of 2018, primarily due to lower performance-based investment results, mainly from limited partnership interests, and lower average investment balances.
Performance-based investments primarily include private equity and real estate. The following table presents investment income for performance-based investments.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Limited partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity 
$
55

 
$
52

 
$
134

 
$
216

Real estate
14

 
22

 
40

 
46

Performance-based - limited partnerships
69

 
74

 
174

 
262

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-limited partnerships
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity
1

 

 
4

 
1

Real estate
6

 
5

 
17

 
16

Performance-based - non-limited partnerships
7

 
5

 
21

 
17

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity
56

 
52

 
138

 
217

Real estate
20

 
27

 
57

 
62

Total performance-based
$
76

 
$
79

 
$
195

 
$
279

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investee level expenses (1)
$
(7
)
 
$
(6
)
 
$
(19
)
 
$
(17
)
______________________________
(1) 
Investee level expenses include depreciation and asset level operating expenses reported in investment expense.
Performance-based investment income decreased 3.8% or $3 million in the third quarter of 2019 compared to the third quarter of 2018, primarily due to lower gains on sales of underlying investments. Performance-based investment income decreased 30.1% or $84 million in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the first nine months of 2018, primarily due to lower asset appreciation related to private equity investments.

45



Performance-based investment results and income can vary significantly between periods and are influenced by economic conditions, equity market performance, comparable public company earnings multiples, capitalization rates, operating performance of the underlying investments and the timing of asset sales.
Realized capital gains and losses The following table presents the components of realized capital gains (losses) and the related tax effect.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Impairment write-downs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed income securities
$
(1
)
 
$
(4
)
 
$
(4
)
 
$
(6
)
Limited partnership interests

 

 
(2
)
 

Other investments
(7
)
 

 
(14
)
 
(1
)
Total impairment write-downs
(8
)
 
(4
)
 
(20
)
 
(7
)
Sales
20

 
(2
)
 
20

 
(14
)
Valuation of equity investments
5

 
50

 
203

 
37

Valuation and settlements of derivative instruments
8

 
4

 
16

 
8

Realized capital gains and losses, pre-tax
25

 
48

 
219

 
24

Income tax expense
(5
)
 
(10
)
 
(46
)
 
(5
)
Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax
$
20

 
$
38

 
$
173

 
$
19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Market-based core
$
5

 
$
35

 
$
164

 
$
8

Market-based active
11

 
7

 
30

 
(3
)
Performance-based
9

 
6

 
25

 
19

Realized capital gains and losses, pre-tax
$
25

 
$
48

 
$
219

 
$
24


Net realized capital gains in the third quarter of 2019 related primarily to gains on sales of fixed income securities and valuation and settlements of derivative instruments. Net realized capital gains in the first nine months of 2019 related primarily to increased valuation of equity investments.
Sales resulted in $20 million of net realized capital gains for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. Sales related primarily to fixed income securities in connection with ongoing portfolio management.
Valuation of equity investments resulted in gains of $5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, which included $7 million of appreciation in the valuation of equity securities and $2 million of declines in value primarily for certain limited partnerships where the underlying assets are predominately public equity securities. Valuation of equity investments resulted in gains of $203 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, which included $192 million of appreciation in the valuation of equity securities and $11 million of appreciation primarily for certain limited partnerships where the underlying assets are predominately public equity securities.
Valuation and settlements of derivative instruments generated net realized capital gains of $8 million and $16 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, and were primarily comprised of gains on foreign currency contracts due to the strengthening of the U.S. Dollar.
The following table presents realized capital gains (losses) for performance-based investments.
($ in millions)
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Impairment write-downs
$

 
$

 
$
(2
)
 
$

Sales
(1
)
 
2

 
(1
)
 
1

Valuation of equity investments
2

 
1

 
17

 
10

Valuation and settlements of derivative instruments
8

 
3

 
11

 
8

Total performance-based
$
9

 
$
6

 
$
25

 
$
19

Net realized capital gains on performance-based investments were $9 million in the third quarter of 2019, primarily related to valuation and settlements of derivative instruments and $25 million in the first nine months of 2019, primarily related to increased valuation of equity investments and valuation and settlements of derivative instruments.

46



CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY
Capital resources consist of shareholder’s equity and notes due to related parties, representing funds deployed or available to be deployed to support business operations. The following table summarizes our capital resources.
($ in millions)
 
Common stock, retained income and additional capital paid-in
$
6,765

 
$
6,439

Accumulated other comprehensive income
922

 
253

Total shareholder’s equity
7,687

 
6,692

Notes due to related parties
140

 
140

Total capital resources
$
7,827

 
$
6,832

Shareholder’s equity increased in the first nine months of 2019, primarily due to increased unrealized capital gains on investments and net income, partially offset by dividends paid to AIC.
Financial ratings and strength Our ratings are influenced by many factors including our operating and financial performance, asset quality, overall portfolio mix, asset/liability management, liquidity, financial leverage (i.e. debt), the current level of operating leverage and AIC’s ratings. In May 2019, A.M. Best affirmed our insurer financial strength rating of A+. The outlook for the rating is stable. In July 2019, S&P Global affirmed our insurance financial strength rating of A+. The outlook for the rating is stable. In July 2019, Moody’s downgraded our insurance financial strength rating to A2 from A1 reflecting Moody’s shift to a more standard single rating level positive adjustment for subsidiary company ratings. The outlook for the rating is stable.
Liquidity sources and uses We actively manage our financial position and liquidity levels in light of changing market, economic and business conditions. Liquidity is managed at both the entity and enterprise level across the Company and is assessed on both base and stressed level liquidity needs. We believe we have sufficient liquidity to meet these needs. Additionally, we have existing intercompany agreements in place that facilitate liquidity management across the Company to enhance flexibility.
The Company is party to an Amended and Restated Intercompany Liquidity Agreement (“Liquidity Agreement”) with certain of its affiliates, which include, but are not limited to, AIC, Allstate Assurance Company (“AAC”) and the Corporation. The Liquidity Agreement allows for short-term advances of funds to be made between parties for liquidity and other general corporate purposes. The Liquidity Agreement does not establish a commitment to advance funds on the part of any party. The Company and AIC each serve as a lender and borrower, AAC and certain other affiliates serve only as borrowers, and the Corporation serves only as a lender. The Company also has a capital support agreement with AIC. Under the capital support agreement, AIC is committed to providing capital to the Company to maintain an adequate capital level. The maximum amount of potential funding under each of these agreements is $1.00 billion.
In addition to the Liquidity Agreement, the Company also has an intercompany loan agreement with the Corporation. The amount of intercompany loans available to the Company is at the discretion of the Corporation. The maximum amount of loans the Corporation will have outstanding to all its eligible subsidiaries at any given point in time is limited to $1.00 billion. The Corporation may use commercial paper borrowings, bank lines of credit and securities lending to fund intercompany borrowings. There were no borrowings by the Company under these agreements during 2019.
The Company, AIC, and the Corporation have access to a $1.00 billion unsecured revolving credit facility that is available for short-term liquidity requirements. The maturity date of this facility is April 2021. The facility is fully subscribed among 11 lenders with the largest commitment being $115 million. The commitments of the lenders are several and no lender is responsible for any other lender’s commitment if such lender fails to make a loan under the facility. This facility contains an increase provision that would allow up to an additional $500 million of borrowing. This facility has a financial covenant requiring that the Corporation not exceed a 37.5% debt to capitalization ratio as defined in the agreement. This ratio was 15.9% as of September 30, 2019. Although the right to borrow under the facility is not subject to a minimum rating requirement, the costs of maintaining the facility and borrowing under it are based on the ratings of the Corporation’s senior unsecured, unguaranteed long-term debt. There were no borrowings under the credit facility during 2019.
Allstate parent company capital capacity Parent holding company deployable assets totaled $3.55 billion as of September 30, 2019 comprised of cash and investments that are generally saleable within one quarter. This provides funds for the parent company’s fixed charges and other corporate purposes. Allstate’s deployable assets increased by $1.13 billion due to proceeds received from its Preferred Stock, Series H issuance. These proceeds were used for a preferred share redemption that occurred on October 15, 2019.
The Company has access to resources to support liquidity through the Corporation as follows. The amount available to the Company is at the discretion of the Corporation.
A commercial paper facility with a borrowing limit of $1.00 billion to cover short-term cash needs. As of September 30, 2019, there were no balances outstanding and therefore the remaining borrowing capacity was $1.00 billion.

47



A universal shelf registration statement that was filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission that expires in 2021. The Corporation can use this shelf registration to issue an unspecified amount of debt securities, common stock (including 575 million shares of treasury stock as of September 30, 2019), preferred stock, depositary shares, warrants, stock purchase contracts, stock purchase units and securities of trust subsidiaries. The specific terms of any securities the Corporation issues under this registration statement will be provided in the applicable prospectus supplements.
Liquidity exposure Contractholder funds were $16.84 billion as of September 30, 2019. The following table summarizes contractholder funds by their contractual withdrawal provisions as of September 30, 2019.
($ in millions) 
 
 
Percent
to total
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal
$
2,676

 
15.9
%
Subject to discretionary withdrawal with adjustments:
 
 
 
Specified surrender charges (1)
4,383

 
26.0

Market value adjustments (2)
850

 
5.0

Subject to discretionary withdrawal without adjustments (3)
8,934

 
53.1

Total contractholder funds (4)
$
16,843

 
100.0
%
 
____________
(1) 
Includes $1.32 billion of liabilities with a contractual surrender charge of less than 5% of the account balance.
(2) 
$399 million of the contracts with market value adjusted surrenders have a 30-45 day period at the end of their initial and subsequent interest rate guarantee periods (which are typically 1, 5, 7 or 10 years) during which there is no surrender charge or market value adjustment.
(3) 
89% of these contracts have a minimum interest crediting rate guarantee of 3% or higher.
(4) 
Includes $699 million of contractholder funds on variable annuities reinsured to The Prudential Insurance Company of America, a subsidiary of Prudential Financial Inc., in 2006.
Retail life and annuity products may be surrendered by customers for a variety of reasons. Reasons unique to individual customers include a current or unexpected need for cash or a change in life insurance coverage needs. Other key factors that may impact the likelihood of customer surrender include the level of the contract surrender charge, the length of time the contract has been in force, distribution channel, market interest rates, equity market conditions and potential tax implications. In addition, the propensity for retail life insurance policies to lapse is lower than it is for fixed annuities because of the need for the insured to be re-underwritten upon policy replacement. The annualized surrender and partial withdrawal rate on deferred fixed annuities and interest-sensitive life insurance products, based on the beginning of year contractholder funds, was 6.2% and 7.3% in the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, respectively. We strive to promptly pay customers who request cash surrenders; however, statutory regulations generally provide up to six months in most states to fulfill surrender requests.
Our asset-liability management practices enable us to manage the differences between the cash flows generated by our investment portfolio and the expected cash flow requirements of our life insurance and annuity product obligations.
Cash flows As reflected in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, lower cash provided by operating activities in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the first nine months of 2018 was primarily due to lower net investment income and higher tax payments.
Higher cash provided by investing activities in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the first nine months of 2018 was the result of decreased investment purchases, partially offset by lower fixed income and equity securities sales.
Lower cash used in financing activities in the first nine months of 2019 compared to the first nine months of 2018 was due to lower payments for contractholder surrenders and withdrawals on fixed annuities.
Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains “forward-looking statements” that anticipate results based on our estimates, assumptions and plans that are subject to uncertainty. These statements are made subject to the safe-harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements do not relate strictly to historical or current facts and may be identified by their use of words like “plans,” “seeks,” “expects,” “will,” “should,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “intends,” “believes,” “likely,” “targets” and other words with similar meanings. We believe these statements are based on reasonable estimates, assumptions and plans. However, if the estimates, assumptions or plans underlying the forward-looking statements prove inaccurate or if other risks or uncertainties arise, actual results could differ materially from those communicated in these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements include risks related to:
Insurance Industry Risks (1) the availability of reinsurance at current levels and prices; (2) risk of our reinsurers; (3) changes in underwriting and actual experience; (4) changes in reserve estimates for life-contingent contract benefits payable; (5) changes in estimates of profitability on interest-sensitive life products

48



Financial Risks (6) conditions in the global economy and capital markets; (7) a downgrade in financial strength ratings; (8) the effect of adverse capital and credit market conditions; (9) the realization of deferred tax assets
Investment Risks (10) market risk and declines in credit quality relating to our investment portfolio; (11) our subjective determination of the amount of realized capital losses recorded for impairments of our investments and the fair value of our fixed income and equity securities; (12) the influence of changes in market interest rates or performance-based investment returns on our spread-based products
Operational Risks (13) failure in cyber or other information security controls, as well as the occurrence of events unanticipated in our disaster recovery systems and business continuity planning; (14) misconduct or fraudulent acts by employees, agents and third parties; (15) the impact of a large scale pandemic, the threat or occurrence of terrorism or military action; (16) loss of key vendor relationships or failure of a vendor to protect confidential, proprietary and personal information; (17) intellectual property infringement, misappropriation and third-party claims
Regulatory and Legal Risks (18) regulatory reforms and restrictive regulations; (19) changes in tax laws; (20) our ability to mitigate the capital impact associated with statutory reserving and capital requirements; (21) changes in accounting standards; (22) losses from legal and regulatory actions
Strategic Risks (23) competition in the insurance industry; (24) divestitures of businesses; and (25) reducing our concentration in spread-based business and exiting certain distribution channels
Additional information concerning these and other factors may be found in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the “Risk Factors” section in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K. Forward-looking statements are as of the date on which they are made, and we assume no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement.

49



Item 4. Controls and Procedures
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. We maintain disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon this evaluation, the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in providing reasonable assurance that material information required to be disclosed in our reports filed with or submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act is made known to management, including the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. During the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2019, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

50



PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
 
None
Item 1A. Risk Factors
 
There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in Part I, Item 1A in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Item 6.  Exhibits
 
(a)            Exhibits
 
The following is a list of exhibits filed as part of this Form 10-Q.
 
 
Exhibit
Number
Exhibit Description                  
Form
File
Number
Exhibit
Filing Date
Filed or
Furnished
Herewith
15
 
 
 
 
X
31(i)
 
 
 
 
X
31(i)
 
 
 
 
X
32
 
 
 
 
X
101.INS
XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
 
 
 
 
X
101.SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
 
 
 
 
X
101.CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
 
 
 
 
X
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
 
 
 
 
X
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
 
 
 
 
X
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
 
 
 
 
X

51



SIGNATURE
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
Allstate Life Insurance Company
 
(Registrant)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By
 
 
 
 
Senior Vice President and Controller

 
 
(Authorized Signatory and Principal Accounting Officer)

52

Dates Referenced Herein   and   Documents Incorporated by Reference

This ‘10-Q’ Filing    Date    Other Filings
12/15/21
12/15/19
Filed on:11/5/19
10/15/19
For Period end:9/30/19
6/30/1910-Q
3/6/19
2/22/1910-K
1/1/19
12/31/1810-K
12/14/18
9/30/1810-Q
6/30/1810-Q
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4/1/148-K
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Filing Submission 0000352736-19-000012   –   Alternative Formats (Word / Rich Text, HTML, Plain Text, et al.)

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